Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	lord_n	say_a	unite_a	1,066	5	10.8816	5	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19676	Militarie instructions for the cavallrie: or Rules and directions for the service of horse collected out of divers forrain authors ancient and modern, and rectified and supplied, according to the present practise of the Low-Countrey warres.	Cruso, John, d. 1681.; Dalen, Cornelius van, engraver.	1632 (1632)	STC 6099; ESTC S121933	103,340	148

which were employed in the taking of that bootie they having no other share If one or more horses were hurt or killed in the combat or any souldiers chanced to be hurt in the said action those horses must be made good and the souldiers are to be recompensed before the bootie be divided at the discretion of the Chief If any souldiers horse fall lame after the troop be marched a good distance from the quarter so as he be forced to return back yet shall that souldier have his share of the bootie as if he had been present at the taking thereof Moreover concerning the taking of prisoners because other authors are scant in this particular it will not be amisse for the better satisfaction of such as are not acquainted with that language to adde something out of the States edict as followeth Artic. 59 Every souldier of what condition soever he be shall forthwith and before evening bring all such of the enemy as are taken prisoners before him which commandeth in the quarter upon pain of loosing his prisoner and being punished with death Artic. 60 And if any should take some eminent officer or commander of the enemy prisoner or other person of qualitie they shall be bound to present the same or cause him to be presented delivered immediatly to the Lords the States generall or the Councel of state receiving for them as also for other prisoners which the said States shall take to themselves some reasonable recompence according to the qualitie or abilitie of the said prisoners yet not exceeding the summe of 500 pounds whereby the said prisoner shall remain at the disposing of the said States and they which took him ought to have no further pretence to him Artic. 61 It shall not be lawfull for any man to cause a prisoner to be killed or set at ransom nor after ransom be paid to suffer him to depart without leave of the Generall or of him that commandeth in the quarter on pain of being disarmed and banished out of the provinces Artic. 62 And if any prisoner be found to walk about the leaguer or place of garrison without leave of the Generall or Commander in that quarter or garrison the partie which had taken him shall forfeit his said prisoner to the profit of him who first shall apprehend the said prisoner All lawfull booties are to be certified by the takers thereof to the Commander of the quarter within three houres after their arrivall and are to be registred and sold in the open market c. upon pains of forfeiture and of corporall punishment c. CHAP. XVII Of the souldiers pay THe means to have these and other good orders duly observed is as is above said by giving to the souldiers their pay in competent measure and due time On the Spanish side they were wont to allow no Cornet to the Harquebusiers as is elsewhere shewed and therefore no pay is here set down for him but that course is since altered and his pay is only 1 12 part inferiour to the pay of a Cornet of Cuirassiers The proportion which was observed on the king of Spains side since the end of the late truce with the States of the united provinces is as followeth The Generall of horse his pay or entertainment is 500 crownes a moneth besides 86Â½ for his companie The Lieutenant Generall 200 and 86Â½ for his companie The Commissarie Generall 80. and the pay of a Captain of Harquebusiers when he hath a companie The Captains of lances and Cuirassiers 80. and 6Â½ for their page The Lieutenant of lances and Cuirassiers 25. and 6Â½ for a page The Cornets 15. and 6Â½ for a page The souldiers of lances and Cuirassiers have 6Â½ crownes a moneth The Captains of Harquebusiers have 70 crownes a moneth and 6 for a page The Lieutenant 25 and 6 for a page The souldiers have six crownes a moneth Besides these stipends there is given to every companie 10 per centum without the advantages and entertainments which the Captain distributeth among the best deserving souldiers The Captains or other officers which are reformed that is dismissed from their service for their age or otherwise have their wonted pay continued The Quartermaster Generall hath 25 crowns a moneth and each of his assistants 15. The chief Chaplain hath 30. The Auditor 30 and 18 for his three officers The Provost Marshall hath 25 and for every of his men which must not exceed 12 he hath 5 crowns The chief Chirurgeon hath 25. In winter when the Cavallrie is in garrison the souldiers are paid by the day for the better keeping of their horses To the Generall 40 places are allowed as Generall and 10 as Captain To the Lieutenant Generall 20 and 10 as Captain To the Commissarie Generall 10 and 10 as Captain To every Captain 10. To the Lieutenant 6. To the Cornet 4. To the reformed officers 1Â½ To the Auditor 6. To the Quartermaster Generall 4. To each of his assistants 2. To the Provost Marshall 2 and 1 to each of his men To the chief Chaplain 5. Every place is worth 13 stuyvers about 16 pence English of these 13 stuyvers 10 are paid for forrage and 3 for service Half of the said 13 stuyvers is paid to the souldiers in money the other half in 16 pound of hay a Picotins three small measures of oats and two bundles of straw which are sufficient to keep a horse for a day At the end of the accompts every souldier is abated half a reall 3 pence upon every place The severall payes given by the States of the united Provinces at this day being reduced to English money are much about this proportion following To the Generall of horse 4l per diem To the Lieutenant Generall 2l. To the b Or Commissarie Generall Sergeant Major 30s. To the Quartermaster Generall 6s 8d. To the Provost 5s. To the Carriage-master 3s 4d. To the Preacher 4s. Note that the Captain of horse mustereth 6 horse the Lieutenant 4 the Cornet 3 for which they receive allowance extraordinarie To the chief Chirurgeon 4s. To the Captains 8s. To the Lieutenant 5s. To the Cornets 4s. To the Corporalls 2s 6d. To the Trumpets 2s 6d. To the Quartermasters 2s 6d. To the Chirurgeons 2s 6d. To the souldiers Cuirassiers 2s. To the Harquebusiers 1s 6d. CHAP. XVIII Of supplying the Cavallrie with good horses FOr the reforming of the Cavallrie there is moreover required a singular care that the companies be supplied with good horses wherefore it will be necessarie that when the Cavallrie is retired from the field the Captains make sale of such horses as be unfit for service and buy better When the companies be entered into garrison the souldiers which are on foot must presently be remounted that so in the time of winter they may at leisure fit their horses for service for being only remounted at the time of their going into the field the a Equos assuluo labore convenit

by which means he shall be reverenced and loved of good men and feared of such as are bad It belongeth to his care that the Cavallrie be in good equipage and fitted with all necessaries requisite And that the companies being to march be provided of nags without which the souldiers can hardly preserve their horse of service by reason that with them they must go to forrage for want of bidets or nags after their march and presently enter into guard in the army or quarter without any rest to refresh their horses He is not to suffer the Captains either to make officers or to absent themselves from their companies without his leave and approbation He hath his officers apart and in that which concerneth the Cavallrie neither the Lord Marshall nor Lord Generall himself useth to dispose of any thing without his advice If he passe among the quarters of Cavallrie or Infanterie his trumpets are to sound but not where the Lord Generall lodgeth or where he is in person When he commandeth in the armie in absence of the Lord Generall upon occasion of fight his place is in the battell that he may be able to give order to all He hath usually a companie heretofore of lances to lodge with him and to serve him as his guard having usually six souldiers or more of his companie attending on him f Of Caesar it is said Dubium cautior an audentior Suet. A good Commander should rather look behinde him then before him said Sertorius Plutarch in Sertor He should not resolve upon any enterprise unlesse he first consider seriously of all that might happen that so propounding to himself greater difficulties in the action then in effect they be he may prepare remedies surpassing all the said difficulties it being a benefit not to be expressed to be able to g Temeritas praeterquam quÃ²d stulta est etiam infelix Livius 22. foresee with good judgement those things which might succeed in the uncertain and variable accidents of warre Especially he must be h Intentus fis ut neque tua occasioni desis neque suum hosti des Ibid. ready in execution for suppose a determination never so well grounded yet it may prove vain and hurtfull if it be not executed with requisite promptitude CHAP. III. Of the Lieutenant Generall of horse THe charge of the Lieutenant Generall of the horse hath ever been held of very great importance and therefore must be supplyed by a person of great experience and valour one that must be very carefull and diligent because he usually marcheth and lodgeth with the Cavallrie For which cause he ought to be well versed in the opportunitie of the wayes upon occasion of meeting the enemy in marching a Erat Philopoemen praecipuae in ducendo agmine locÃsque capiendis solertiae atque usus Nec belli tantÃ¹m temporibus sed etiam in pace ad id maximÃ¨ animum exercuerat Vbi iter quopiam faceret ad difficilem transitu saltum venisset contemplatus ab omni parte loci naturam cÃºm solus iret secum ipse agitabat animo cÃ¹m comites haberet ab iis quaerebat si hostis coloco apparuisset quid si Ã fronte quid si Ã latere hoc aut illo quid si Ã tergo adoriretur capiendum consilii foret T. Livius dec 4. lib. 5. He must alwayes have his thoughts busied about the motions of the enemie discoursing with himself from what part they might shew themselves with what number of men whether with Infanterie or not in how many houres they might come upon him from their armie or garrison and whether they might present themselves in a place of advantage that so it might be prevented as need should require He must also advisedly choose commodious places for the quarters or lodgings providing good guards causing the highwayes to be scoured or discovered placing men on those passages where the enemie might make head not neglecting to send out rounders and omitting no diligence to secure the quarter in which the Cavallrie findeth it self exposed to greater dangers then can befall it any other way especially being lodged without Infanterie He must also procure to have spies not onely in the enemies army but also upon their frontiers to penetrate their designes and intentions omitting no inventions which may stand him in stead to avoid inconveniences knowing that diligence is the mother of good fortune b Cui enim tanta potestatis insignia tribuuntur cujus fidei atque virtuti possessorum fortunae tutela virium salus militum rei publicae creditur gloria non tantÃ¹m pro universo exercitu sed etiam pro singulis contubernalibus debet esse solicitus Veg. lib. 3. cap. 10. His particular care is to see that the Captains wrong not their souldiers that they keep their companies in good state and well armed and that themselves and their officers do their endeavours and observe good order and discipline Towards the souldiers he must be no lesse affable and readie to heare them willingly in their just complaints and to help them in their necessities then rigorous in punishing He should also himself being free from covetousnesse give order to others to use no c Extortions of diverse kindes are punishable with death by the edict of Marshall law published by the States of the united provinces Artic. 41. extortion whereby the country is ruined and the souldier made odious to the prejudice of the Prince his service it being evident that too great a libertie of the souldiers produceth nothing but very bad effects Upon divers occasions of sending a good part of the Cavallrie to divers places the charge is given to the Lieutenant generall not onely of the horse but also of the foot which accompany them according to the occurrences for which cause he must also know how to command the Infanterie In absence of the Generall the whole weight resteth upon him and to him are the orders sent from the Lord Generall or Lord Marshall and to him as Chief reports are made of all the occurrences of the Cavallrie He may sequester a Captain from his companie upon just cause and demerit but cannot restore him without order from the Generall who first gives notice thereof to the Lord Generall He was wont to have a companie of lances which usually were lodged neare his person whereof foure souldiers alwayes attend him When he passeth by the quarters of Cavallrie the trumpets sound but not in the Generalls quarter or where he is When the Generall of horse commandeth the whole army and therefore takes his place in fight in the battell the Lieutenant Generall placeth himself in the vanguard of the Cavallrie where otherwise the Generall useth to be CHAP. IIII. Of the Commissarie Generall THe Commissarie Generall commandeth in the absence of the Lieutenant Generall and therefore must be a man of great experience This charge was first instituted by Don Ferrand de Gonzagua afterward

been shewed cap. 20. He is to have his bridle made with a chain to prevent cutting and he must be very carefull to have all his furniture strong and usefull CHAP. XXIIII Of the Arming of the Harquebusier and Carabine THe Harquebusier was first invented in France at the time of the warres of Piedmont whom Melzo and Basta would have either not armed though they confesse themselves contradicted therein by others or but slightly onely with a head-piece breast and those but some few of the formost But the printed edict of the States of the united provinces expresly commandeth that every Harquebusier be a Which condemneth the late practice of our trained Harquebusiers to be erroneous which have wholly left off their arms and think themselves safe enough in a calfs skin coat It was otherwise with the Romanes for which Vegetius giveth this reason Necesse enim est ut dimicandi acriorem sumat audaciam qui munito capite pectore non timet vulnus lib. 1. cap. 20. armed with an open cask gorget back and breast of the horse-mans furniture and Captain Bingham in his Low-countrie exercise appointeth him a cuirasse pistoll proof Moreover by the late orders resolved on by the councel of warre the Harquebusier besides a good buffe coat is to have the back and breast of the Cuirassiers arming more then pistoll proof the head-piece c. For offensive arms he must have the harquebuse of two foot and a half long the bore of 17 bullets in the pound rowling in hanging on a belt by a swivell a flask and touch-box and pistols like the Guirassiers as some writers have it His horse according to the said edict of the States should not be under 15 hand high being swift and well managed The Carabine is to be mounted on a midling gelding and to have a good buffe coat a carbine or petronell the barrell 2Â½ foot long the bullet 24 in the pound rowling in hanging as the harquebuse a sword girdle and hangers flask and touch-box as the Harquebusier CHAP. XXV Of the arming of the Dragon THe a One De Renol hath not long since published a book which he calleth Milice Royale or Infanterie voiante wherein he is earnest to have the Carabines or Harquebusiers put down and Dragoniers used in their stead their muskets having the barrell of 2 foot 9 inches long but wider bore then the musket their pikes but 13 foot c. He is very confident in his conceits for the ordering of them for fight but such as can judge hold him frivolous Dragon is of two kindes Pike and musket The pike is to have a thong of leather about the middle of the pike for the more commodious carrying of it The musketier is to have a strap or belt fastned to the stock thereof almost from the one end to the other by which being on horse-back he hangeth it at his back keeping his burning match and the bridle in the left hand His horse is of the least price the use thereof being but to expedite his march allighting to do his service CHAP. XXVI Of exercising the Cavallrie in Generall and Particular Of exercise in generall and the necessitie of it THe Romanes called an army exercitus a Exercitus ex re ipsa atque opere exercitii nomen accepit ut ei nunquam liceret oblivisci quod vocabatur Veg. lib 2. cap. 1. Legio ab eligendo ib. a word derived ab exercendo of exercising and not without reason for in every battell not so much the multitude and untutored strength of men as art and exercise use to give victorie as b Lib. 1. cap. 1. Exercitus dicitur quÃ²d melior fiat exercitando Varro Vegetius testifieth for which he giveth this reason among the rest that the knowledge of that which belongeth to warre giveth courage Nema facere metuit saith he quod se bene didicisse confidit No man feareth to do that which he hath well learned how to do The benefit of this exercise is such as the same author doubteth not to affirm that nothing is more firm nor more happie or commendable then that common-wealth in qua abundant milites eruditi in which skilfull souldiers abound To this end antiquitie maintained their campi doctores teachers for the field by whom the young and new-entertained souldiers were c ManÃ¨ post meridiem Nam pro tyronibus habendi sunt qui pugnare longo tempore desierunt Veg. lib. 3. cap. 9. Neque enim longitudo atatis aut annorum numerus artem bellicam tradit sed continua exercitationis meditatio post quanta volueris stipendia inexercitatus miles semper est tyro Ibid. lib. 2. cap. 23. exercised twice every day ad omne genus armorum at all kindes of weapons and arms and the old practised souldiers sine intermissione semel in die once a day without intermission To which purpose they had very spacious buildings within which in winter or upon occasion of unseasonable weather they could exercise both horse and foot The Graecians were they which gave a pattern to the Romanes in the practice of this art for so saith d Lib. 3. cap. 10. Discat miles in otio quod proficere possit in bello Animos subitÃ² ad arma non erigunt nisi qui se ad ipsa idoneos praemissÃ¢ exercitatione confidunt Theod. apud Cassiod The Imperatores themselves as Valerius Pompey Trajan c. continually exercised among their souldiers Omnia inter infimos militum munia haud gravatÃ¨ abeundo saith Livie of Valerius And of Pompey Plutarch reporteth thus in Pompeio in bello civili jam senem duo de sexaginta annos natum peditem atque equitem se inter suos assiduÃ¨ exercuisse Vegetius Artem bellicam quondam relictis doctrinis omnibus Lacedaemonii pÃ²st coluere Romani Among other examples tending to this purpose wherein all histories abound that is worthy of observation which is testified of the inhabitants of the Balearie islands now called Majorca and Minorca where the women would not suffer their children to eat any meat but that which they could hit at an appointed distance with a stone cast out of a sling by which means they grew so expert at it as that people are said to be the inventers of that weapon and therein to have excelled all others Every mean trade requireth exercise for the obtaining of it how much more the art militarie which is rebus omnibus potior per quam libertas retinetur dignitas provinciae propagatur conservatur imperium that is by which libertie is continued the dignitie of the province is propagatd and the empire preserved And this is confirmed by Josephus Exid. lib. 3. to be true that not fortune but the good orders of the Romanes in their Militia made them masters of the world whose forces even in times of peace and as it were to keep their hands in ure were 32000 foot 2400 horse but

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