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A51386 Tuba stentoro-phonica an instrument of excellent use as well at sea as at land / invented ... in the year 1670 and humbly presented to the Kings Most Excellent Majesty Charles II in the year 1671 by S. Morland. Morland, Samuel, Sir, 1625-1695. 1671 (1671) Wing M2783; ESTC R30065 9,103 10

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distant from us and concluded that had the River been free from noise we might have heard and understood much further After that I caused to be made a fourth Instrument of Copper as is described Fig. C. about 21 Feet in length the Diameter of the great end 2 Foot and of the little end 2 ¼ and of the same Figure and Shape with the former only it was more exactly wrought I gave likewise directions at the same time for variety sake for a fifth Instrument of Copper the length whereof was 5 Foot 6 Inches the Diameter of the great end 21 Inches and of the little end 2 Inches as in Fig. D. As likewise for two smaller Instruments whose length was each 5 Foot 6 Inches the Diameter of the great end 10 Inches 1 ● and of the little end 1 Inch ⅙ The third and fourth of these Instruments were at one Tryal heard from off the River over against Faux-Hall to the nearest part of Battersey over against Chelsey And at another from Hide-Park-Gate to Chelsey-Colledge either of which distances was judged to be above a Mile and an half And by what Tryals I have made of the two least of all I conceive they may maintain a conference in a still calm evening at the least three quarters of a measured Mile After this by His Majesties special Command the three largest of these Instruments were sent to Deal Castle and there several Tryals were made of them by the Honourable Francis Digby Esq Governour of that Castle a particular Relation whereof was given under his own hand to the Right Honourable the Lord Arlington His Majesties Principal Secretary of State in a Letter bearing Date the 14 th of October 1671. A Copy whereof His Lordship gave me leave here to insert The Copy of a Letter written to the Lord Arlington His Majesties Principal Secretary of State by the Honourable Francis Digby Esq Governour of Deal Castle bearing Date October 14. 1671. MY LORD SIr Samuel Morland having by the Kings Order sent hither three of his new Speaking-Trumpets I have found them upon several Tryals to answer if not exceed what could be expected from them which I thought necessary to let your Lordship know as the best way of satisfying His Majesty concerning them The first Experiment I made was between Waumer Castle and Deal Castle with the disadvantage of a side Wind and some noise of the Sea and yet we heard very distinctly from Castle to Castle which are about a measured Mile asunder Since that I have tryed the biggest of the three which is turned Trumpet-wise and when the Wind blows from the Shore we hear plainly off at Sea as far as the Kings Ships usual ride which is between two and three Miles This we have done several times but particularly some days since we heard from the Castle to Sir John Chichley's Ship which lay in the best of the Road. So that without question they will be of great use in all occasions where it 's necessary to give Orders or Intelligence at a distance but most of all at Sea where we can give and take the advantage of the Wind as is best for hearing We have found likewise that by laying one of these Instruments to the Ear the Words are heard more distinctly and I am confident there will be found several other ways of improving them to greater perfection since the improvement has been so considerable at first I am My Lord Your Lordships most obedient Servant FR. DIGBY A SHORT DISCOURSE Touching the Nature of Sounds and the manner how as I conceive they are magnified or rather multiplied by the Tuba Stentoro-Phonica I Shall not here engage my self in any tedious Philosophical Discourse touching the Nature of Sounds forasmuch as I believe it equally mysterious with that of Light and Colours and consequently too fine and too subtil a thing for humane reason and understanding to comprehend True it is as to the act of Vision that by the help of curious Anatomists we may trace the Refracted Rays of visible Objects more or fewer in number as the Pupilla is dilated or contracted through the several pellucid Tunicks and Humours of the Eye till we find their Pictures or Images their postures only inverted fairly lodg'd in the Tunica Retiformis But how these Images or Representations are afterwards transmitted to the reasonable Soul whether by the mediation only of that incredible number of Capillamenta or small Threds of which the Optick Nerve is composed and if so how the various percussions of the extremities of those Capillaments in the Tunica Retina are repeated by the other extremities of the same Capillaments in the Brain and how the Soul by contemplating the one can discern the other with so great a variety of Figures and Colours Or whether that immortal Fire in the act of Vision makes any use of the Animal Spirits those nimble Mercurys of which it has such plentiful Repositories in the Ventricles of the Brain to conduct the Species into its private Recesses there as she does undoubtedly employ and send them forth in greater and lesser numbers to animate the Muscles and so give diversities of Motions to our bodily and living Engins And lastly what manner of Creatures those little active Spirits are and how they are commanded and how they obey is best known to the God of Nature whose wonderful Workmanship we all are ICONISMUS 1. All therefore that I shall adventure to say upon this Subject is only to give the Reader a short account of what Observations I have made relating to this Instrument and where I attempt to give a reason it shall be with all submission to Men of greater Learning and better Understanding I. I do find that a small Tube as for example that of an ordinary Trumpet does not at all magnifie the Sounds or Words or Syllables but on the contrary does much lessen and diminish it II. I do find it necessary that the Diameter of the least end of one of these Instruments must be equal to if not greater then the Diameter of the Orifice of the Speakers Mouth and that what it wants of that so much the less does the Instrument magnifie or multiply the Voice For Example I made 2 Mouth-pieces for the Instrument in Icon. 1. Fig. D. num 1 2 3. and 4 5 6. the Diameter of the middle part 2 was an Inch and of 5 about ½ of an Inch but found that the one did not magnifie ½ nor the other ¼ so much as the same Instrument with a Mouth-piece like unto that in Icon. 1. Fig. A. num 3. And indeed it seems reasonable that the Mouth of Man being an Instrument that Nature has already fitted for the work to apply to it an Orifice less than its own is in truth to put a check to the motion of the Air and Breath and consequently to lessen the Sound of the Voice III. I find that the Instrument must be