Selected quad for the lemma: state_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	king_n	peace_n	treaty_n	1,942	5	9.1567	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A47957	The present state of Geneva with a brief description of that city, and several changes and alterations it hath been subject to from the first foundation thereof until this present year, 1681.; Historia Genevrina. English	Leti, Gregorio, 1630-1701.	1681 (1681)	Wing L1338; ESTC R21467	29,592	88

means of the defence and preservation of the City On what Geneva builds its considence yet the Geneveans trust not altogether to their own strength they are sensible enough of their weakness and inability to withstand the designes of their powerful enemies who are very industrious in contriving their ruine Their chief trust therefore is in God under whose protection they are to sacrifice their lives and fortunes in maintaining of their dearly beloved darling Liberty as by experience they have already made appear They can muster of their own some thousands of well trained Soldiers but in case of War or Siege the four Protestant Cantons of Switzerland are obliged by mutual Articles to send them a supply of four thousand men and it being the common maxim of States-men and skilful Souldiers that the preservation of Geneva depends on the Friendship of Switzerland and the Liberty of Switzerland on the safety of Geneva the Catholick Cantons themselves for reasons of State and that they may not by losing that barrier expose their Liberty to the descretion of a Conquerour will in case of need contribute both men and mony for the assistance of that place In the year 1602. Experience confirmed this for in the space of few hours great supplies of men hastened in time of danger to Geneva And the Scalado hapned about midnight in the bitterest time of Winter yet next Evening about two thousand men under several Commanders came from the Neighbouring parts of Switzerland to the relief of the City and about four thousand more were upon the march thither but the danger being over they were with thanks dismissed The History of this enterprize deserves some mention On Saturday night the twelfth of December An account of the Scalado 1602. About midnight the Forces of Charles Emannel Duke of Savoy attacqued Geneva by Scalado in this manner The Signior D' Albigni the Dakes Licutenant the Duke in person being come post to Champey a Village near to Geneva with twelve hundred men advanced towards the wall of the City without any noise of Drum or Trumpet and an hour before midnight began the Scalado making use of three Ladders most artificially made as may be seen at present in the Arsenal one Father Alexander a Jesuite standing at the foot of the midle-most and encouraging all the Soldiers with assurance of indulgence and pardon in name of the Pope though the enterprize was attempted without the Popes knowledge Two hundred and fifty were already got into the City before any perceived it But God Almighty infatuated their Council seeing they might as easily have brought in above a thousand and cut all the Citizens to peices but by their own oversight or unskilfulness they were discovered three hours before day by a Sentinel from the Tower of the Mint House the City taking thereupon the Allarm the bravest and most active Citizens two hours before day put themselves in Armes and after some hot skirmishes and brisk fighting about break of day obtained the Victory and beate out the enemy who had the ill luck that their Petarde notwithstanding all their diligence did no execution seventeen of the Valientest Citizens were killed and ten wounded in the action the enemies had fifty four killed and thirteen taken Prisoners some of which were wounded by leaping over the walls the City Canon having broken their Ladders early next Morning the Council sate to consult what must be done with the thirteen Prisoners and because the people cried for Justice they were all condemned to be hanged though they were not persons of the least quality in Savoy amongst whom were the Barons of Sonaz Attignac and Chaffardon The Baron of Attignac having a broken Legg was carried to the Gallows in a chair all of them pretended to be used as Prisoners of War but the City told them they were traitors peace breakers and assassins and used them accordingly haveing on Sunday the thirteenth of December about noon caused them all to be hanged The bodies of those that were hanged as well as of those that were killed in the action were publickly exposed until Tuesday the fifteenth of the same month and then their Heads to the number of sixty seven cut off and placed upon Poles and their bodies cast into the Rone according to the Sentence pronounced by the Council of sixty who because they themselves had confessed that their orders were to kill men women and Children without distinction and to cast their bodies into the same River thought it just to do unto them what they intended to have done to others After this the Peace being broken the Geneveans made several incursions into Savoy but in the Month of July following by the Mediation of the seaven neutral Cantons of Switzerland and the Authority of the most Christian King which next to Providence had the chief influence on the negotiation peace was concluded betwixt the Duke of Savoy and the States of Geneva notwithstanding which peace the Duke afterwards left no means unassayed to surprize the City but all his industry and attempts have been successless Combourcier beheaded Wednesday April the 19th 1609. Signior della Cambourcier Lord of Terrail was beheaded in the place of Molard opposite to the Harbour because he had promised the Duke of Savoy as he himself confessed to assault Geneva on the side of the Harbour for which purpose he came to the City to view and mark out the place Peter De la Batide Peter della Batide an ingeneer and complice with Combourcier was on the 21st of April hanged in the same place As to wealth Riches Geneva is none of the Richest though it be Richer at present than it was before the Reformation It is true some private persons use their utmost endeavours to raise themselves by trading in Germany Italy Holland Switzerland and other Neighbouring places but the number of Merchants is inconsiderable in respect of the artificers and tradesmen The Trade of Bookselling is in great esteem here Booksellers and there are some Booksellers who have great stores and variety of books especially of such as are prohibited of all sorts and in all Languages by reason of the convenience of the Situation of the place Geneva being as it were the centre to Germany France and Italy There are about seven or eight in Geneva who trade for above a hundred thousand Crowns a year some of which are worth so much but trade not so openly as others do and above a hundred Families who live handsomly and commondiously by commerce but most part of the Towns people are employed in handicraft Trades Geneva hath its Laws and institutions by the Geneveans called Edicts Laws taken for most part from the Civil law and the particular customes of the Country that have been in practice for two or three hundred years but in such cases as are not determined by edicts they have alwaies recourse to the Civil Law these edicts since they were first

Justice belongs but the Sentence must be immediatly executed and therefore the Executioner appears who taking the Prisoner by the hand leads him into a low room where having put the Halter about his neck and bound him an Auditor and the City Marshal on Horseback with the Officers and Executioner on foot bring him to the place of Execution and stirr not from thence till the Malefactor be dead Place of Execution Ordinarily persons are put to death in the plain Palace without the City and in the place of Molard Geneva has at several times contracted alliances Alliances both in the times of the Bishops and since and that with several Princes and Republicks particulary with the Common-wealth of Venice with which until this day they entertain a very good corespondence in so much that they willingly suffer their Captaines to levy men amongst them In the year 1518. 1518.1526 The Genevians made a League with the Canton of Fribourg which in the year 1526. Was confirmed with closer obligations of Friendship and enlarged with new Articles The Canton of Berne with that of Fribourg being therein comprehended and all three together obliged in a perpetual and individual League with one another The reformed Religion being afterwards in the year 1535. 1535. Established in Geneva the States of Fribourg moved by their Church men sent Ambassadors to Geneva declaring that if they would not returne into the bosome of the Catholick Church they would be obliged to break the League to these propositions the Genevians would not condescend but protested they would faithfully observe the alliance The year following which was 1536. 1536. The States of Berne understanding that the Fribourgers had made a League with the Genevians sent Ambassadors to Geneva where a League for twenty five years was concluded betwixt Geneva and Berne this Legue expiring in the year 1558. On the first of January of the same year a perpetual League was concluded betwixt these two States May the 8th 1559 Henry the third 1559. King of France and Poland made Alliance with Berne Solerne and Geneva in which treaty Geneva was by that King called the key of Switzerland and he alwaies esteemed it so having recommended to the Switzers the preservation of that City Lastly on the eighteenth of October 1584. 1584. Zurich made a mutual League with Geneva in memory whereof the Senate crected a Marble Monument with this inscription which is to be seen in the Hall of the Town house on the side as you go to the Arsenal Anno à vera religione divinitus cum vetere libertate Geneva restituta Inscription quasi novo Jubileo inennte plurimis vitatis domi foris insidijs sup●ratis tempestatibus quod Helvetiorum primari●… Tigurini Bernarum exemplo aequo jure in societatem perpetuam nobiscum venerint prius novo vinculo adstrinxerint S. P. Q. G. quod faelix esse velit D. O. M. tanti benesicii Monumentum consecrarunt Besides the above mentioned alliances Geneva holds friendship and correspondence upon account of the Prorestant Religion with the English Hollanders and Protestant Princes of Germany all which in time of need would do them sen●e good Offices but the truth is the Jealousie that reignes amongst neighbouring Princes has a greater influence upon the preservation of the Liberty of Geneva than any other consideration whatsoever Protestants of France This City is looked upon as the only City of refuge for the Protestants of France seeing upon occasion of any persecution they can retreat into this place and that makes them on their part so solicitous for its safety and preservation that on all occasions they would be ready to shew the effects of their good inclinations towards it as they have already done during the War with the Duke of Savoy and it is certain that no sooner would any new War begin in Geneva but that the Protestants of the best quality in France would come to its assistance knowing very well that if they be deprived of that Sanctuary they must remaine exposed to the will of their enemies As to the forces of Geneva without doubt they are but inconsiderable Forces Arsenal they have in the first place an Arsenal provided of all sorts of Armes for arming of six thousand men at least besides a great many old Armes and Colors taken from their enemies in the time of the War There is no great store of Cannon in the Arsenal because this City being a Frontier place has the Walls both day and night well furnished with great Gunns and certainly there is no frontiere place better provided with Cannon Private Arms. The private Houses are sufficiently furnished with Armes and there is no Citizen but hath Armes for two or three men there are several that can Arme twenty five or thirty and some are so well provided that they can conveniently Arme three hundred Soldiers so that every private House may be called an Arsenal hence according to computation it is commonly reckoned that in Geneva there are Armes for forty thousand men The City is alwaies well furnished with Provisions and Ammunition of all sorts conveniently distributed into Magazines and Store houses in the several quarters of the Town Provisi●●●… so that if an accident should happen in the place the City could sustaine no great prejudice thereby the other stores being sufficiently provided to supply the loss they keep constantly Ammunition as Powder Bullets Match and the like enough for a two years Siege and a sufficient quantity of Corne for three years having Mills within the Town alwaies in readiness to grind it Military exercises The Genevians are generally well trained in the exercises and discipline of Warr and though they can brag of no famous Commanders their wars having been more defensive than offensive yet they have Soldiers of long experience in the wars and take care to exercise their youth to Warlik exercises by conferring honor and reward on those especially who at some set times in the year obtaine the advantage of shooting Kings of the several kinds of Arms. They preforme those exercises chiefly in the Spring the fittest time for recreation and to raise in their youth a generous emulation for Honor they make him who hath shot best in the Cannon Musket Bow Cross-bow or Pistol King of that kind of Armes wherein he hath excelled giving him a mark of Honor and some priviledges in reward of his dexterity But the King of the Harquebuses is in greatest esteem amongst them and besides the Priviledges which are allowed him he is after his Election attended home by the Chief of the City with show and triumph The publick reaps no small benefit from those delightful exercises for the Citizens are thereby trained in the discipline of War and by the Honor and priviledges conferred upon the Kings encouraged to noble undertakings But though brave men and good Arms be the ordinary