Selected quad for the lemma: state_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	great_a	province_n	unite_a	1,718	5	9.9410	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A17500	The Dutch suruay VVherein are related and truly discoursed, the chiefest losses and acquirements, which haue past betweene the Dutch and the Spaniards, in these last foure yeares warres of the Netherlands, with a comparatiue ballancing and estimation of that which the Spaniards haue got in the Dutchies of Cleeue and Iuliers, with that which they haue lost vnto the Dutch and Persians, in Brasilia, Lima, and Ormus. VVhereunto are annext the Mansfeldian motiues, directed vnto all colonels, lieuzanant-colonels, sergeant majors, priuate captaines, inferiour officers, and souldiers, whose seruice is engag'd in this present expedition, vnder the conduct and commaund of the most illustrious Prince Ernestus, Earle of Mansfield.	W. C.; Crosse, William, b. 1589 or 90, attributed name.	1625 (1625)	STC 4318; ESTC S107365	20,410	46

man may see through euery streete into the fields The dwelling is meruailous healthfull because it standeth in a temperate climate not afflicted too much with extremities of heate and colde the hottest season of the yeare being more temperate then that of Spaine For in the time of their Summer heate there falleth euery day in the morning a sweete and cooling dewe which is not hurtfull but rather profitable for the health of man For it being vsed by way of Lotion it is good for the head aches and other diseases All Spanish fruit groweth and prospereth well in this soile especially Orenges Lemonds Figges Pomgranates and Vines wherof there had beene great abundance if the frequent broyles and tumults betweene the Spanish Souldiers had not hindred the labour and Plantation of the Husbandmen This Citie is iudged to be the most pleasant dwelling of all the Land in respect of the commodity of the harbour the great contractation of Marchants and the generall resort of the people of the maine Land who come thither from all parts and buy their furniture and prouision From the Mines of this Prouince is brought great store of gold and siluer The scituation of it is neere the midst of the Land as yet discouered for which cause the Emperour Charles the fifth placed there a Chauncerie royall and Iudges to decide his subiects causes which also doth encrease the confluence of the people It is seated two leagues from the Roade commonly called Callee de Lima or the Port of Lima. Le Hermite Generall of a Fleete vnder the States of the vnited Prouinces knowing how much the gaining of this place might accommodate the Hollanders and incommodate the Spaniards resolues vpon the attempt And being furnished with a sufficient number of shipping and men befitting such an enterprise he sets saile from the Netherlands and after a tedious Nauigation through the Straights of Magellan arriues at last in the South Sea opposite vnto Lima where hee makes his intention knowne to the Companie and then aduentures vpon the exploit wherein Fortune shewed her selfe so fauourable that with little or no losse he made himselfe Master of the Callee de Lime to the great terrour of the Citie which as some men report hath since yeelded it selfe to the mercy of the Hollanders The Conquerours got a great spoile in Shipping Treasure and other rich commodities and haue since gotten two other places in the Prouince of Peruana Thus you haue seene a true Suruay of those most remarkable losses and victories which haue hapned betweene the Hollanders and the Spaniards since the last truce which ended with the beginning of the yeare 1621. It followes that after their expression we should iustly counterpoise and ballance them which if wee doe without nationall respect or partiall inclination wee shall see the Dutch Acquisitions to exceede the Spanish and yet their losses to be farre inferiour vnto the others For leauing out Ormus out of the ballance because it is now peculiariz'd vnto the Persian although it were won by the succours of the Dutch and English if wee counterpoize the Conquest of Saint Saluador and the part of Lima omitting that of the Cities as doubtfull with al the new Acquisitions of Spaine we shall behold these to ouerway all those which this Nation hath of late acquired in Cleeue and Iuliers and this aduantage doth proceede not from one but from diuers conditions and respects For first of all the profits of Gulicke of the Dutchie with their extraordinarie Fees and Contributions will not amount to aboue an hundred thousand Duckats yearely and allowing two thousand Souldiers for the Garrison of that Signeurie and euery man to haue fiue Shillings a weeke for his pay the annuall reuenue will hardly quit the charges wheras rating the reuenues of Brasilia at three millions of Duckats and allowing one third of this accrument to rise from Fernambuco another from Ascensio Todos los Sanctos with the territorie thereto adioyning shall by this account bring a million yearely to the Cantors of the Netherlands 2. Papenmuch with the tolage of the Rhine and Goffe with the contribution money drawne from the Boores of West Cleaueland did hardly pay their owne Garisons but the keeping of the Port of Lima may draw perhaps a plentifull Contribution from the golden Mines of Chili and Potosi besides those spoiles that Le Hermite hath already gotten esteemed to bee an inestimable Masse and worth many Tuns of gold 3. The Catholicke King payes fourescore thousand Duckats vnto the Prince of Newenburge by Composition for the resignation of these two Dutchies but the States holde those new Acquisitions in America by the tenure of their Sword and by that ius acquisitum which power and fortune haue giuen to the stronger 4. The Spanish King hath other competitours in Cleaue Iuliers besides the Confederates of the seauen Prouinces as the house of Brandeburge and perhaps the posterity of the Newenburger may rowse themselues out of that Lethargie wherein the Spanish Pistolets haue put their sencelesse Father and lay clayme to that Inheritance which doth belong to them or the Brandeburger Iure gentium but the Hollanders haue no other titular pretenders to their new purchases in Peruana and Brasilia but the house of Spaine vnto whom they haue seldome lost any thing which they were once possest of and whereas the Sea could helpe them for many yeares together 5. The losse of Gulicke Goffe and Papenmuch giues no other disaduantage to the States they hauing Rees Embricke and Skenkes Sconce betweene that and their neerest frontier but the possessing of these two places in the West Indies the one vpon the North the other vpon the South Sea doe euen wast in the intermediate Continent of America and giue an entrance vnto those Prouinces whose golde hath battered the walls and opened the gates of the strongest Townes of Christendome for the Spaniards 6. And lastly the Inhabitants of Cleaue and Iuliers doe not well like the hard and heauy hand of your Castilian gouernment no more then doe all the lower circles of the Empire as well knowing how these Intruders haue impaired the Germane liberty and spur-gall'd Bohemia and the Palatinate almost to death but the Brasilians and Peruuians yea the very Portugals themselues would willingly receiue the law from the Dutch-men whom they admire as much for their faire and gentle gouernement as they hate the others for their rigour tiranny and oppression The Mansfeldian Motiues directed vnto all Colonels Liuetenant-Colonels Captaines Inferiour Officers and other Souldiers which either as Voluntiers or by way of Imprest are ingaged to serue in this next Expedition intended by the grace of God vnder the conduct and commaund of the most Illustrous and Warlike Prince ERNESTVS Earle of Mansfield HOnourable Professors of Armes you may see in this Dutch Suruay or ballance the swelling fortune of a triumphant State You may beholde also a handful of Netherlanders with some few Mercinary French and

successe of fortune betweene the besiegers and the besieged there chanced a casuall fire to be kindled in the Spanish Quarters Our Fire-men plye this place with their Shotte both great and small and worke some remarkable dammage vpon the Enemies But these exploites could not alay the biting smart of our hunger which now began to rage and raigne in euery Quarter For the Towne Prouisions being spent and the Magazins wasted things vnusuall and vnaccustomed to the palate were deuoured as Dogs Cats and the like This inforcement caused Pethan to demaund a Parlee about the midst of Ianuarie notwithstanding his first promise to Vander Berke that he would not hearken to the motion of that accord till Easter For this purpose three Captaines were sent out of the Ports vnto their Campe the one an English man the other two French Dutch After some difficulties the agreement was consummated vpon these conditions following First that the Spaniards should not bring the Inquisition into the Dutchie of Iuliers nor make any alteration in matters of Religion 2. That the Captaines and Souldiers should depart vpon honourable termes with their Armes fixt Colours flying Drums beating and their Wiues Children and Goods 3. That their Ordnance and Munition should remaine in the Towne 4. That their Armourers Smithes and Gunners might haue liberty freely to depart with the Souldiers 5. That the Gouernour and Captaines might haue Horse and Waggons with a sufficient conuoy to conduct them to Nimeghen and that their sick wounded might stay vntill they were recouered and then to haue Waggons to conduct them to the same place 6. That the Captaines and Souldiers should haue a whole yeares liberty to sell their lands if they had any 7. That the Captaines and Souldiers which were in any other place of the Dutchie should haue leaue to come thither and bring their Wiues and Children 8. That the Armes and Commodities belonging to the Towne and Castle should be left behinde 9. That all Records and auncient Writings in the Towne and Castle should remaine there still 10. That the Souldiers should not be arrested for debt 11. That the beds which the Souldiers had brought into the Towne should be restored to their owners 12. That the Electour of Brandeburghs Officers and Ministers should execute their Offices for the space of one whole yeare then next ensuing 13. That the Citizens might depart the Citie and dispose of their goods within one yeare 14. That there should be two Hostages giuen on either side vntill the Articles were performed all which being signed and sealed by the Gouernour hee should send a Copie of it to the Prince of Orange and be bound to yeeld the place if they were not releeued within 12. dayes with 300. Waggons at the least which time being expired and no reliefe comming from Dornicke or else-where Vanderberke sent 600. Waggons to transport their baggage wishing the Gouernour to hasten his departure who sending the keyes vnto the Earle departed with all his Goods and Souldiers leauing two Hostages behinde vntill the Waggons were returned Pethan vpon his comming to the Hague was arrested by order from the States and the Prince of Orange was confined as prisoner to his owne house hauing a Guard of Muskettiers set ouer him and his dignities which he enioyed in that Common-wealth were suspended for a time vntill he should cleare himselfe and giue a iust account of his actions Thus you see the losse of Gulicke conquered some fifteene yeares before by the valour of the States forces ioyntly with the succours of foure thousand English vnder the commaund of that noble and well experienced commander Generall Cecill and now re-conquered by the Spaniards more by the power of hunger then the powerfulnes of their Armes which losse came not solitarie and alone but was aggrauated with the society of another though of lesse consequence and importance and this was the surprise of Lulstorff Blankenburge and Monawe small Garrisons held by Brandenburge in the Dutchie of Iuliers and the taking of Goffe a little Towne in Cleaueland seated vpon the South side of the Rhine almost opposite vnto Rees which makes the second losse of Townes or Territories sustained by the States in these last Warres of the Netherlands This place was of no great importance onely it made the Westerne parts of Cleeue pay some small Contribution to the Electour of Brandenburge It was meanely fortified and but weakely manned and therefore vpon the Spinolians first approches summons it yeelded to the stronger the Souldiers of the Garrison departing vpon conditions of honor Afterwards by directions from their Counsell of Warre they fortified it with a Rampier Counterscarfe and some other outer Works so that it is now become a peece of some reasonable defence His Excellencie the Prince of Orange carying Argus eyes vppon all your Spanish proiects before their Workes were well setled marcht thither in the latter end of Summer 1623. intending to take the Towne by an Onslate In his Armie there were my Lord of Essex my Lord Wriotheslie sonne to the Earle of Southampton with diuers other noble Voluntiers from England Fraunce and else-where But he dealt with an Enemie whose eyes were as good as his hands for they hauing notice of his comming fore-layd the passage and resolued preuention to the vtmost The Prince viewing their Forces thus facing of our Armie and lodged besides in a place of aduantage after a long Alto wherein he braued the foes retired his Troupes from the enterprise of Goffe which still groanes vnder the yoake of the Castilian gouernement and oppression The third losse which the States of the vnited Prouinces haue receiued and that since the taking of Gulick and Goffe hath beene the surprisall of Papenmuch a strong Sconce built by the Confederates in a certaine Iland of the Rhine betweene Coleine and Bonne an Imperiall Towne heretofore surprized by Sir Martin Skencke in the yeare 1587. The Spaniards knew what a bridle Skenks Sconce a Fort built vpon that nooke of Land where the Rhine deuideth it selfe into two branches making the Peniusula of Grauen worke had been to their projected designes vpon Cleeue Geldres and Friseland they could not suffer a snaffle of the same mettall and making in the mouth of the Bishop of Colein a creature of Spaine and wholly deuoted to the house of Austria Besides the possessing of it did concerne them much for the transportation of their Forces from or into the lower circles of the Empire and for victualing of Rhineberke Weezell and other places by the commodity of the Riuer These motiues incited Spinola to send thither an Armie of sufficient strength and number for the conquest of this important Citadell These troupes were commaunded by the Prince of Chimay and one Bree Lieutenant Generall vnto the Prince of Newenburge They raised small Forts commonly called Redouts vpon euery passage drew their approches within a conuenient distance and brought some Peeces of the greater size from Iuliers

for the battery and besides they built two small Ships of Warre not drawing much water vpon the Rhine to this intent that all the land passages being stopt the aduenues by water being also shut vp time and hunger two powerfull instruments much made vse of by the Fabian Generals of Spaine might worke the conquest and deliuerance of this place The euent answered their expectation for the Defendants being prest with this vnresistable difficulty surrendred vp the Sconce about the latter end of the yeare 1622. vpon condition to depart with bagge and baggage And thus you see a full suruay of those greater and more substantiall losses which the States haue suffered since the expiration of the last twelue yeares truce from their ancient and sworne Enemies of Spaine The relation of their victories followes suparlatiue to their dammages both for the respect of honour and the waight of their importance and these may be reduc'd vnto two heads vnto their victories acquired at Rishame and Ormus Ilands seated vpon the coast of Persia and aunciently belonging to that Kingdome or to their Conquests in Brasilia and Peru Prouinces of the new world discouered by Americus from whence it tooke his name for the vse of Ferdinand and Isabella their children heires and successours For although in the Conquest of the fore-said Ilands the Dutch as well as our English were but auxiliaries vnto the Persians yet because they were pars magna laboris they had I say a great share in the labour and danger of this exploit by way of reducement and not improperly it may bee fylde amongst the number of their atchiuements This Rishame or Rhisme is a small Iland distant from Ormus some foure leagues and separated from thence by a small fret of the Sea commonly called the sound of Balsora The Portingals had built a strong Castle in it manned with three hundred Christians and fiue hundred Negroes commanded by Rufero their Gouernour Our Fleete vpon the 24. of Ianuarie 162● came within shot of the Castle and plied the Defendants with diuers peales of Ordinance and by the fauour of our shipping and Cannon gaue meanes to the Persian to land ten thousand of his Souldiers These Mahometan Troupes were commaunded by one of their Sultans for so they call their Lords a man of great valour and conduct as the sequele shall make good Vpon their first landing they play the Terriers put themselues into the earth bring their approches within a neere distance Rufero terrified with this strait assignement as being inuironed both by land and water and hauing no Element to helpe him but the all-common Ayre and the fire of his Cannon demaunds a parlee to hinder farther effusion of blood it was graunted But the conditions proposed were dislikt by the Assailants for the Portugall wholy ayming at the preseruation of Ormus and sleighting that of Rhisme because he saw no possibility to keepe it offers presently to surrender the Castle vpon condition that his men both Spaniards and Blacks might haue free liberty to passe ouer vnto Ormus Any man that had but Poliphemus eye might see through the mist of this pretence Our Captaines Blight Weddall and Mr. Monnox men much honoured for this seruice were apprehensiue enough to conceiue the aduantage of this proposition Therefore they reiect it and fall to their battery againe so that waighing neerer to the Castle they bestowe seauen or eight hundred great Shot vpon the Curtin and Bulwarkes The Persians likewise from the land side draw their rowling trenches within a stones cast and ply the Castellans with vncessant vollies of their small Shot who answered them with the like and flung diuers Pots of Wilde-fire and Granadoes into their Workes which did them much hurt The terrour of this caused a second parlee wherein Rufero offers to surrender the place vpon these cautions following that he might depart to Ormus with his Armes and Munition and race the walls of the Castle downe to the ground This second motion being reiected like as the former we saluted them afresh with the thunder of the same curtesie But the Defendants seeing themselues thus distressed on all sides yeeld at the last vppon these conditions That they should depart with bagge and baggage and all other things that they had their Armes Munition and Ordnance expected and that the Souldiers as well Blackes as others should be transported vnto Muskat a Towne which the Portingals hold vpon the Arabian shore onely some of the Principals were to be detayned aboord our Shippes and to be disposed of as occasion should require so the Castle of Rhisme was surrendred vnto the Persians the 30. of Ianuarie 1621. and all the Articles were performed on both sides sauing that the Sultan caused some fourescore of the captiue Negroes to be murdered contrary to the dignity and faith of his promise After the Conquest of Rhisme the Christian Fleete set saile for Ormus and the Persian land forces wasted ouer in 200. Boates made for that purpose This Iland was made tributary to the Portugals anno 1606. who taking aduantage of the Persian troubles and their neglect of maritine affaires fortified themselues strongly in this place which they kept to their great profit and honour aboue fourescore yeares vntill after the death of Sebastian and the Conquest of Portugall it was vnited together with the Terceraes Ginnie Brasilia and the East Indies vnto the Kingdome of Spaine Although it were barren and had little or no fresh water yet was it reasonable well inhabited and payd for their customes yearely to the King being a Mahometan 140000. Seraffs with whom the Spaniards cried at the least halfe share It is seated in the Persian Gulph opposite to Combrene on the maine land of Persia and in respect of the commodious scituation it stands fitly for the traffique of Arabia Persia and India Of this Iland the Arabians vse to say Si terrarum orbis quaqua patet annulus esset Illius Ormusium gemma decusque foret Which we may English thus If the world a ring were then the precious stone Of that rich ring were Ormus I le alone The present Sophie being sensible of this thorne which so long had stucke in his predecessours foote resolues vppon a remedy befitting the greatnesse of his Designe And euer since his acquaintance with Sir Robert Sherlie resoluing vpon the conquest of this Iland now vndertakes it with the auxiliarie Forces of the Dutch and English and that Land Armie which subdued Rhisme now re-inforced with new supplies from the Continent The 10. of February 1621. the Persians landed 3000. of their men who marched straight vnto the Towne which being a place of no great defence they tooke it without any resistance at all The Portugals the Moores retiring themselues into the Castle with their goods and treasure Vpon this the Christian Fleete plies the Forte and the Enemies Frigats which lay vnder the Lee thereof with their Ordnance and the Mahometans Land their whole Armie