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state_n great_a king_n unite_a 1,042 5 10.1918 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A30882 A discourse concerning coining the new money lighter in answer to Mr. Lock's Considerations about raising the value of money / by Nicholas Barbon, Esq. Barbon, Nicholas, d. 1698. 1696 (1696) Wing B706; ESTC R12375 47,571 114

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every_o body_n refuse_v the_o money_n in_o general_n for_o fear_v the_o loss_n shall_v fall_v upon_o he_o that_o last_o take_v it_o so_o that_o the_o money_n become_v useless_a have_v lose_v the_o currancy_n and_o quality_n of_o money_n and_o all_o the_o murmur_n and_o disorder_n ensue_v that_o usual_o attend_v a_o nation_n that_o want_v money_n to_o drive_v their_o trade_n and_o commerce_n other_o instance_n may_v be_v give_v but_o this_o with_o the_o common_a usage_n of_o not_o exceed_v ten_o or_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n when_o the_o money_n be_v raise_v may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o answer_v mr._n lock_n be_v objection_n that_o the_o government_n can_v raise_v their_o money_n as_o high_a as_o they_o please_v nor_o make_v themselves_o as_o rich_a as_o they_o please_v the_o great_a objection_n that_o mr._n lock_n make_v against_o the_o raise_n the_o value_n of_o money_n be_v that_o if_o the_o government_n have_v a_o power_n to_o give_v a_o value_n of_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n to_o 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of_o that_o account_n must_v be_v make_v up_o in_o bullion_n or_o money_n and_o the_o nation_n grow_v so_o much_o rich_a as_o the_o balance_n of_o that_o account_n amount_v to_o this_o opinion_n be_v ground_v upon_o this_o supposition_n that_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v the_o only_a riches_n some_o man_n lay_v so_o great_a a_o stress_n about_o the_o inquire_n into_o this_o balance_n that_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o a_o trade_n nation_n may_v be_v ruin_v and_o undo_v if_o there_o beened_a care_n take_v by_o law_n to_o regulate_v the_o balance_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o difficult_a as_o to_o find_v out_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n in_o any_o nation_n or_o to_o know_v whether_o there_o ever_o be_v or_o can_v be_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o the_o make_n up_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n betwixt_o one_o nation_n and_o another_o or_o to_o prove_v if_o it_o can_v be_v find_v out_o that_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n get_v or_o lose_v by_o the_o balance_n for_o a_o nation_n as_o a_o nation_n never_o trade_n it_o be_v only_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o subject_n of_o each_o nation_n that_o trade_n and_o there_o be_v no_o set_a day_n or_o time_n for_o make_v up_o of_o a_o general_a account_n every_o merchant_n make_v up_o his_o own_o private_a account_n and_o that_o be_v not_o do_v at_o any_o set_a time_n one_o merchant_n make_v it_o up_o one_o week_n and_o another_o in_o another_o week_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o set_a time_n when_o to_o begin_v that_o balance_n therefore_o those_o that_o rely_v so_o much_o upon_o find_v out_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n do_v it_o by_o take_v the_o computation_n from_o the_o trade_n of_o several_a year_n of_o one_o nation_n with_o another_o and_o think_v it_o may_v be_v do_v by_o examine_v
fair_a or_o east-india_n sale_n if_o the_o exchange_n be_v high_a a●_n it_o be_v general_o at_o those_o time_n he_o will_v send_v away_o bullion_n thither_o rather_o than_o bill_n i●_n there_o be_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v get_v by_o it_o t●_n buy_v good_n in_o those_o place_n and_o yet_o h●_n may_v owe_v nothing_o there_o so_o that_o th●_n money_n be_v not_o send_v away_o to_o blance_n the_o account_n the_o inference_n from_o this_o discourse_n of_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n and_o foreign_a exchange_n be_v that_o a_o trade_n nation_n be_v make_v rich_a by_o traffic_n and_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o that_o the_o native_a stock_n of_o a_o nation_n can_v never_o be_v waste_v that_o no_o sort_n of_o commodity_n ought_v to_o be_v total_o prohibit_v and_o that_o the_o free_a the_o trade_n be_v the_o better_a the_o nation_n will_v thrive_v that_o the_o poverty_n and_o riches_n of_o a_o nation_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o a_o lesser_a or_o great_a consumption_n of_o foreign_a good_n nor_o on_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o value_n of_o those_o good_n that_o be_v consume_v that_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n be_v a_o nation_n that_o serve_v rather_o to_o puzzle_v all_o debate_n of_o trade_n than_o to_o discover_v any_o particular_a advantage_n that_o a_o nation_n may_v get_v by_o regulate_v of_o trade_n that_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n if_o there_o be_v one_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o send_v away_o the_o money_n out_o of_o a_o nation_n but_o that_o proceed_v from_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o value_n of_o bullion_n in_o several_a country_n and_o from_o the_o profit_n that_o the_o merchant_n make_v by_o send_v it_o away_o more_o than_o by_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n that_o there_o be_v no_o occasion_n to_o send_v away_o money_n or_o bullion_n to_o pay_v bill_n of_o exchange_n or_o balance_n account_n that_o all_o sort_n of_o good_n of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n or_o the_o balance_n of_o the_o account_n will_v answer_v the_o bill_n and_o balance_v the_o account_n as_o well_o as_o money_n of_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o money_n with_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o the_o effect_n it_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n in_o all_o age_n and_o among_o all_o nation_n to_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n and_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o coinage_n of_o money_n and_o not_o a_o late_a invention_n as_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o assyrian_n hebrew_n and_o grecian_n as_o may_v be_v make_v appear_v if_o it_o be_v necessary_a but_o to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v no_o modern_a invention_n will_v sufficient_o appear_v by_o the_o roman_n raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o coin_n the_o as_o be_v the_o copper_n money_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v at_o first_o coin_v of_o a_o pound_n weight_n and_o in_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n in_o the_o dictatorship_n of_o fabius_n maximus_n it_o weigh_v but_o two_o ounce_n and_o all_o the_o lesser_a piece_n of_o it_o be_v abate_v in_o proportion_n the_o as_o be_v afterward_o reduce_v to_o a_o ounce_n and_o again_o by_o papirius_n to_o half_a a_o ounce_n when_o the_o roman_n begin_v first_o to_o coin_n silver_n money_n the_o denarius_fw-la which_o be_v a_o ounce_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o about_o the_o value_n of_o our_o crown_n be_v make_v current_n for_o ten_o ass_n the_o half_a denarius_fw-la the_o sestertius_fw-la and_o the_o sextula_fw-la which_o be_v six_o in_o a_o ounce_n be_v coin_v to_o the_o same_o proportion_n afterward_o the_o denarius_fw-la be_v coin_v to_o seven_o in_o a_o ounce_n and_o after_o that_o to_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o drachma_n which_o be_v eight_o in_o a_o ounce_n and_o the_o lesser_a part_n as_o the_o sestertius_fw-la sextula_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v abate_v in_o proportion_n their_o gold_n money_n be_v also_o from_o time_n to_o time_n raise_v those_o piece_n call_v solidi_fw-la aurei_fw-la which_o be_v at_o first_o coin_v to_o forty_o eight_o piece_n in_o the_o pound_n be_v at_o several_a time_n raise_v and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n be_v coin_v to_o seventy_o two_o piece_n in_o the_o pound_n the_o roman_n do_v not_o only_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n by_o coin_v of_o it_o light_a but_o they_o do_v also_o raise_v it_o by_o put_v in_o a_o alloy_n which_o they_o do_v at_o several_a time_n and_o by_o several_a proportion_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o livius_n drusus_n the_o alloy_n be_v so_o excessive_a that_o the_o mixture_n be_v eight_o ounce_n copper_n and_o four_o ounce_n fine_a silver_n in_o a_o pound_n troy_n this_o base_a money_n create_v a_o disturbance_n among_o the_o people_n which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o that_o say_n in_o tully_n office_n jactabatur_fw-la enim_fw-la illis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la nummis_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la sciret_fw-la quid_fw-la haberet_fw-la in_o pecunia_n whereupon_o marius_n gratidianus_n be_v triumvir_n monetae_fw-la cudendae_fw-la bring_v in_o a_o ordinance_n for_o the_o call_v in_o and_o regulate_v this_o money_n for_o which_o he_o be_v in_o great_a efteem_n among_o the_o people_n this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o the_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n be_v no_o late_a invention_n in_o these_o latter_a age_n all_o the_o kingdom_n and_o state_n of_o europe_n have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n be_v very_o plain_a in_o france_n the_o ounce_n of_o their_o standard_n silver_n which_o be_v the_o french_a crown_n be_v at_o first_o divide_v in_o sixty_o sous_fw-fr afterward_o the_o crown_n be_v raise_v to_o sixty_o five_o and_o of_o late_a to_o seventy_o two_o sous_fw-fr and_o the_o new_a crown_n be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n make_v light_a that_o be_v the_o pound_n troy_n which_o contain_v twelve_o ounce_n be_v at_o first_o divide_v into_o twelve_o crown_n and_o afterward_o into_o thirteen_o crown_n and_o of_o late_a into_o fourteen_o crown_n and_o almost_o a_o half_a and_o there_o be_v old_a crown_n still_o current_a in_o france_n that_o have_v the_o stamp_n upon_o they_o which_o show_v how_o they_o have_v be_v several_a time_n raise_v the_o ounce_n or_o dollar_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n be_v at_o first_o divide_v into_o thirty_o six_o stivers_n afterward_o raise_v to_o forty_o and_o since_o high_a though_o they_o have_v another_o way_n of_o raise_v their_o money_n which_o be_v by_o add_v a_o great_a alloy_n the_o ounce_n or_o rix-dollar_n of_o the_o emperor_n which_o be_v at_o first_o coin_v at_o fifty_o crutzer_n be_v raise_v to_o fifty_o five_o and_o after_o that_o to_o sixty_o in_o spain_n and_o portugal_n every_o merchant_n know_v that_o have_v trade_v thither_o that_o the_o value_v of_o their_o money_n have_v be_v several_a time_n raise_v in_o england_n from_o osbright_n the_o saxon_a king_n till_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o penny_n be_v a_o penny_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o the_o pound_n be_v a_o pound_n troy_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n he_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n by_o put_v eighteen_o penny_n weight_n of_o alloy_n into_o the_o pound_n troy_n and_o mr._n lownds_o in_o his_o report_n contain_v a_o essay_n for_o the_o amendment_n of_o the_o silver_n coin_n have_v give_v a_o very_a exact_a account_n since_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n take_v from_o the_o record_n of_o the_o mint_n how_o the_o money_n of_o england_n have_v be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n raise_v by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o silver_n peny_n which_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n weigh_v a_o peny-weight_n there_o be_v then_o but_o twenty_o penny_n in_o a_o ounce_n have_v be_v by_o degree_n in_o several_a king_n reign_v coin_v lesser_a and_o light_a and_o the_o ounce_n have_v be_v divide_v into_o twenty_o five_o penny_n thirty_o thirty_o seven_o penny_n halfpenny_n forty_o five_o penny_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n the_o crown_n or_o ounce_n be_v divide_v into_o sixty_o penny_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o her_o reign_n into_o sixty_o two_o penny_n the_o standard_n and_o course_n of_o the_o mint_n have_v continue_v to_o this_o time_n without_o any_o alteration_n except_o what_o be_v make_v by_o a_o act_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o which_o give_v away_o the_o charge_n of_o coinage_n be_v two_o shilling_n in_o the_o pound_n troy_n advantage_n for_o a_o encouragement_n to_o those_o that_o bring_v bullion_n into_o the_o mint_n which_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o bullion_n to_o the_o nation_n instead_o of_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o the_o coin_n the_o several_a state_n and_o prince_n of_o italy_n have_v raise_v their_o coin_n and_o if_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o may_v be_v easy_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o mint_n in_o europe_n that_o have_v be_v of_o any_o
continuance_n but_o have_v coin_v their_o money_n light_a than_o they_o do_v at_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o their_o coinage_n the_o way_n of_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o the_o money_n be_v not_o in_o all_o country_n alike_o in_o the_o unite_a province_n flanders_n germany_n and_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o europe_n it_o have_v be_v usual_o by_o put_v in_o a_o great_a alloy_n and_o make_v of_o it_o a_o little_a courser_n and_o a_o little_o light_a the_o standard_n of_o the_o unite_a state_n be_v at_o first_o nine_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a fine_a silver_n and_o two_o and_o a_o half_a alloy_n in_o the_o pound_n troy_n but_o since_o by_o degree_n their_o standard_n have_v be_v bring_v to_o nine_o ounce_n fine_a and_o three_o ounce_n allay_v and_o likewise_o their_o new_a dollar_n have_v be_v coin_v light_a so_o that_o the_o old_a dollar_n that_o go_v before_o at_o six_o and_o thirty_o stivers_n be_v raise_v to_o forty_o and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mint_n of_o flanders_n germany_n and_o the_o northern_a part_n in_o italy_n france_n and_o england_n the_o way_n of_o raise_v their_o coin_n have_v be_v general_o by_o keep_v the_o old_a standard_n for_o fineness_n and_o only_o by_o alter_v the_o weight_n from_o time_n to_o time_n coin_v their_o new_a money_n light_a as_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n in_o portugal_n and_o spain_n the_o usual_a method_n of_o raise_v their_o money_n have_v not_o be_v by_o alter_v their_o standard_n either_o in_o fineness_n or_o weight_n but_o by_o give_v a_o rise_n to_o their_o money_n by_o a_o computation_n make_v from_o the_o value_n of_o the_o copper_n money_n that_o be_v a_o rial_n of_o eight_o which_o in_o spain_n be_v former_o of_o the_o value_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o malvedy_n be_v raise_v to_o pass_v currant_n for_o four_o hundred_o malvedy_n which_o be_v their_o copper_n money_n and_o so_o high_a from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o portugal_n they_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n by_o their_o reas_n which_o be_v their_o copper_n money_n and_o the_o ducat_n or_o crusado_n that_o use_v to_o pass_v for_o four_o hundred_o reas_n have_v be_v raise_v to_o four_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o and_o high_o the_o usual_a proportion_n of_o value_n that_o prince_n and_o state_n give_v to_o their_o silver_n and_o gold_n money_n when_o they_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o they_o be_v general_o betwixt_o ten_o and_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n above_o the_o market-price_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n the_o french_a crown_n be_v raise_v from_o sixty_o sous_fw-fr to_o sixty_o five_o which_o be_v about_o ten_o percent_a and_o about_o three_o or_o four_o year_n since_o the_o crown_n be_v raise_v to_o seventy_o two_o sous_fw-fr which_o be_v near_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n the_o rix-dollar_n coin_v at_o fifty_o stivers_n be_v raise_v to_o fifty_o five_o stivers_n and_o since_o to_o sixty_o which_o be_v about_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v raise_v their_o money_n from_o twenty_o to_o twenty_o five_o thirty_o thirty_o seven_o etc._n etc._n which_o be_v after_o the_o same_o proportion_n as_o the_o emperor_n the_o french_a king_n and_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n have_v do_v the_o dutch_a raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n by_o add_v a_o great_a alloy_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v which_o be_v less_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o so_o do_v not_o disturb_v the_o mind_n of_o those_o person_n who_o think_v the_o value_n of_o money_n be_v sole_o from_o the_o quantity_n of_o fine_a silver_n in_o each_o piece_n the_o reason_n why_o prince_n and_o state_n do_v observe_v to_o give_v no_o great_a proportion_n of_o value_n to_o their_o money_n when_o they_o new_o raise_v it_o than_o betwixt_o ten_o and_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n above_o the_o currant_n price_n of_o bullion_n be_v to_o prevent_v counterfeit_v for_o though_o there_o be_v law_n in_o all_o country_n with_o severe_a penalty_n to_o prohibit_v the_o counterfeit_n of_o money_n yet_o none_o be_v keep_v and_o observe_v where_o there_o be_v great_a profit_n to_o be_v get_v by_o break_v of_o they_o and_o no_o person_n will_v counterfeit_v the_o stamp_n and_o make_v the_o money_n the_o same_o both_o in_o weight_n and_o fineness_n for_o only_o ten_o or_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n profit_n for_o they_o must_v coin_v a_o great_a quantity_n to_o make_v their_o profit_n considerable_a if_o they_o make_v the_o money_n of_o the_o same_o weight_n and_o fineness_n it_o will_v not_o be_v one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o pound_n clear_a profit_n in_o coin_v of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n at_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n because_o of_o the_o charge_n of_o coinage_n and_o none_o but_o the_o rich_a man_n can_v vent_v a_o great_a quantity_n and_o he_o will_v not_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o life_n and_o estate_n for_o such_o small_a gain_n the_o poor_a man_n can_v attempt_v it_o because_o he_o can_v neither_o get_v bullion_n to_o coin_n nor_o vent_v a_o quantity_n after_o it_o be_v coin_v and_o why_o shall_v any_o man_n venture_v his_o life_n for_o such_o small_a profit_n when_o every_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n get_v more_o without_o any_o such_o hazard_n therefore_o those_o that_o coin_n false_a money_n counterfeit_v the_o metal_n as_o well_o as_o the_o stamp_n to_o make_v it_o profitable_a but_o than_o it_o be_v much_o easy_o discover_v and_o they_o be_v often_o punish_v with_o death_n for_o they_o must_v counterfeit_v the_o weight_n colour_n and_o size_n of_o the_o piece_n as_o well_o as_o the_o stamp_n which_o be_v much_o more_o difficult_a than_o only_a to_o counterfeit_v the_o stamp_n so_o that_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n may_v as_o safe_o coin_v their_o money_n ten_o or_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n above_o the_o price_n of_o bullion_n without_o danger_n of_o counterfeit_v as_o if_o they_o shall_v coin_v it_o exact_o to_o the_o market-price_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n when_o they_o have_v raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n have_v not_o coin_v it_o near_o to_o the_o price_n of_o bullion_n than_o about_o the_o difference_n of_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n be_v to_o avoid_v the_o too_o often_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o coin_n which_o when_o ever_o it_o be_v do_v be_v apt_a to_o create_v some_o little_a murmur_n and_o discontent_n among_o the_o people_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v coin_v it_o near_o the_o value_n they_o will_v be_v force_v to_o raise_v their_o money_n as_o oft_o as_o silver_n rise_v in_o its_o price_n above_o the_o value_n of_o the_o coin_n which_o will_v be_v every_o five_o or_o ten_o year_n whereas_o by_o raise_v of_o it_o betwixt_o ten_o of_o fifteen_o per_fw-la cent_n they_o have_v not_o usual_o raise_v it_o but_o once_o in_o fifty_o or_o threescore_o year_n as_o to_o instance_n from_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n which_o be_v betwixt_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o and_o three_o hundred_o year_n from_o the_o first_o raise_v of_o the_o money_n from_o twenty_o penny_n in_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n to_o threescore_o penny_n be_v betwixt_o ten_o or_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o every_o fifty_o year_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v observe_v if_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o all_o the_o mint_n of_o europe_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n vi_o when_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o alloy_n put_v into_o the_o money_n as_o raise_v it_o to_o forty_o or_o fifty_o per_fw-la cent_n profit_n above_o the_o price_n of_o silver_n there_o be_v barrel_n of_o counterfeit_a money_n seize_v at_o the_o custom-house_n that_o be_v send_v from_o foreign_a part_n the_o knowledge_n of_o that_o create_v so_o great_a a_o jealousy_n and_o disturbance_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n that_o scarce_o any_o money_n will_v pass_v for_o fear_v of_o receive_v that_o which_o be_v counterfeit_v for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o silver_n be_v a_o mystery_n that_o few_o be_v acquaint_v with_o and_o when_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o alloy_n put_v into_o the_o money_n those_o that_o counterfeit_n may_v make_v the_o metal_n as_o good_a if_o not_o better_a than_o the_o true_a money_n because_o there_o be_v profit_n sufficient_a by_o only_o counterfeit_v the_o stamp_n and_o that_o may_v be_v so_o well_o imitate_v as_o not_o one_o in_o a_o thousand_o may_v discover_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o true_a and_o the_o false_a stamp_n and_o though_o the_o metal_n may_v be_v as_o good_a or_o better_a than_o the_o true_a money_n yet_o it_o be_v counterfeit_v it_o be_v none_o of_o the_o government_n be_v money_n and_o want_v their_o authority_n by_o which_o it_o be_v make_v currant_n no_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v it_o and_o therefore_o
the_o value_n of_o their_o coin_n there_o have_v be_v very_o little_a silver_n money_n coin_v and_o much_o less_o to_o be_v find_v now_o in_o england_n for_o in_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o be_v time_n by_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o england_n the_o plate_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o mint_n to_o be_v coin_v which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a sum_n of_o silver_n money_n coin_v in_o his_o reign_n the_o call_v in_o the_o parliament-money_n in_o king_n charles_n the_o second_v time_n and_o new_a coin_v of_o it_o the_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n that_o be_v yearly_o send_v into_o england_n from_o france_n upon_o some_o particular_a occasion_n during_o his_o reign_n with_o the_o money_n that_o dunkirk_n be_v sell_v for_o and_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o give_v away_o the_o charge_n of_o coinage_n to_o encourage_v the_o merchant_n to_o bring_v bullion_n to_o the_o mint_n be_v almost_o three_o and_o a_o half_a per_fw-mi cent_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o silver_n money_n coin_v in_o his_o reign_n and_o if_o the_o two_o sum_n coin_v in_o these_o two_o king_n reign_v which_o make_v about_o twelve_o million_o with_o the_o money_n that_o be_v coin_v in_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n and_o a_o million_o that_o be_v coin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o before_o the_o foreign_a prince_n raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o coin_n be_v put_v together_o they_o will_v make_v near_o eighteen_o million_o so_o that_o be_v it_o not_o for_o these_o accidental_a cause_n there_o have_v not_o be_v coin_v in_o the_o mint_n of_o england_n two_o million_o of_o silver_n money_n since_o the_o foreign_a prince_n raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o coin_n and_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o the_o wear_n of_o some_o of_o the_o old_a money_n light_a by_o often_o tell_v it_o over_o and_o clip_v of_o the_o rest_n by_o which_o they_o be_v make_v unprofitable_a to_o melt_v down_o by_o this_o time_n in_o all_o probability_n there_o have_v scarce_o be_v a_o silver_n piece_n of_o money_n to_o be_v see_v in_o england_n and_o that_o the_o raise_v the_o coin_n in_o foreign_a part_n and_o the_o not_o raise_v the_o silver_n coin_n in_o england_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o melt_v it_o down_o and_o transport_v it_o will_v plain_o appear_v from_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o gold_n here_o compare_v with_o the_o silver_n for_o since_o the_o forty_o three_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v the_o last_o time_n that_o the_o silver_n money_n be_v raise_v here_o in_o england_n the_o gold_n have_v be_v twice_o great_o raise_v by_o which_o mean_n there_o be_v here_o double_a if_o not_o treble_v the_o quantity_n of_o gold_n for_o silver_n whereas_o in_o all_o other_o kingdom_n and_o state_n in_o europe_n there_o be_v ten_o time_n more_o silver_n money_n than_o gold_n for_o in_o the_o forty_o three_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n according_a to_o mr._n lownds_n account_n from_o the_o record_n of_o the_o mint_n which_o all_o man_n agree_v be_v very_o exact_a a_o pound_n weight_n troy_n of_o gold_n of_o the_o standard_n of_o twenty_o two_o carat_n fine_a and_o two_o carat_n allay_v be_v coin_v into_o thirty_o three_o sovereign_n and_o a_o half_a at_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o piece_n make_v thirty_o three_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n i._o the_o gold_n be_v raise_v and_o the_o same_o pound_n weight_n and_o standard_n of_o gold_n be_v coin_v into_o as_o many_o unit_v double-corowns_a and_o other_o piece_n of_o gold_n as_o make_v up_o forty_o pound_n eighteen_o shilling_n and_o four_o penny_n and_o in_o king_n charles_n the_o second_v time_n the_o gold_n be_v again_o raise_v and_o the_o same_o standard_n and_o weight_n be_v coin_v into_o forty_o four_o guineas_fw-la and_o a_o half_a at_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o piece_n so_o that_o from_o thirty_o three_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n in_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n to_o forty_o four_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n in_o king_n charles_n reign_n the_o gold_n be_v raise_v near_o three_o and_o thirty_o per_fw-la cent_n since_o the_o silver_n money_n have_v be_v raise_v which_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o scarcity_n of_o silver_n what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o these_o two_o prince_n raise_v their_o gold_n and_o not_o their_o silver_n be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v unless_o it_o be_v from_o some_o powerful_a argument_n offer_v by_o the_o guiney_n company_n who_o interest_n it_o be_v to_o have_v gold_n raise_v which_o do_v not_o appear_v and_o that_o this_o raise_v the_o gold_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o it_o be_v more_o plentiful_a here_o in_o england_n than_o silver_n will_v appear_v yet_o more_o plain_a if_o the_o record_n of_o the_o mint_n be_v examine_v since_o king_n charles_n the_o second_v restauration_n for_o since_o that_o time_n there_o have_v be_v coin_v in_o the_o mint_n of_o england_n 7263836_o l._n 1_o s._n 5_o d._n and_o in_o silver_n but_o 4319585_o l._n 9_o s._n 5_o d._n which_o do_v not_o want_n much_o of_o double_a the_o quantity_n of_o gold_n money_n that_o have_v be_v coin_v more_o than_o silver_n and_o when_o the_o guineas_n have_v a_o extraordinary_a rise_v here_o in_o england_n as_o to_o be_v currant_n at_o eight_o and_o twenty_o and_o thirty_o shilling_n a_o piece_n there_o be_v above_o seven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n in_o gold_n coin_v in_o little_a more_o than_o nine_o month_n time_n which_o be_v more_o than_o be_v coin_v in_o six_o or_o eight_o year_n before_o which_o show_v plain_o that_o the_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o the_o gold_n money_n here_o in_o england_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o so_o much_o be_v import_v and_o coin_v here_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o not_o raise_v of_o the_o silver_n money_n in_o proportion_n as_o the_o foreign_a mint_n have_v do_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o be_v constant_o melt_v down_o and_o carry_v away_o notwithstanding_o the_o many_o law_n to_o prohibit_v it_o for_o there_o be_v severe_a law_n in_o all_o kingdom_n and_o state_n that_o prohibit_v the_o counterfeit_n clip_v melt_a and_o export_v the_o money_n in_o all_o country_n it_o be_v death_n to_o counterfeit_v and_o clip_v the_o money_n in_o france_n england_n and_o several_a other_o country_n it_o be_v a_o high_a crime_n to_o melt_v it_o down_o and_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o money_n to_o export_v it_o and_o in_o spain_n it_o be_v death_n to_o transport_v it_o and_o yet_o when_o ever_o it_o have_v be_v profitable_a it_o have_v be_v always_o melt_v down_o and_o carry_v away_o so_o that_o by_o experience_n prince_n and_o state_n have_v find_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n to_o preserve_v it_o in_o the_o country_n but_o by_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o their_o money_n so_o much_o above_o the_o price_n of_o bullion_n that_o the_o merchant_n may_v get_v more_o by_o carry_v away_o the_o bullion_n than_o the_o money_n the_o cause_n of_o raise_v the_o money_n here_o in_o europe_n will_v always_o continue_v as_o long_o as_o the_o european_n continue_v in_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n for_o trade_n make_v a_o people_n rich_a and_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v badge_n of_o riches_n and_o therefore_o as_o the_o people_n grow_v rich_a the_o price_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n will_v rise_v because_o the_o occasion_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n will_v still_o increase_v especial_o as_o long_o as_o the_o trade_n continue_v to_o the_o mogul_n country_n in_o the_o east-indies_n for_o the_o prince_n and_o great_a people_n there_o believe_v that_o the_o possession_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v not_o only_o a_o honour_n to_o they_o while_o they_o be_v alive_a but_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o respect_n in_o the_o next_o world_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n they_o die_v possess_v of_o and_o therefore_o whatever_o gold_n and_o silver_n they_o get_v more_o than_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n they_o from_o time_n to_o time_n melt_v into_o a_o mass_n or_o tank_n which_o be_v bury_v with_o they_o so_o that_o great_a part_n of_o what_o be_v dug_n out_o of_o the_o west_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o east_n and_o although_o there_o have_v be_v great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n bring_v into_o europe_n since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o west-indies_n yet_o the_o price_n of_o they_o have_v always_o rise_v and_o will_v always_o continue_v so_o as_o long_o as_o the_o people_n grow_v rich_a by_o trade_n which_o will_v make_v the_o occasion_n for_o they_o great_a than_o the_o quantity_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n by_o which_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v dear_a this_o continual_a rise_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n will_v be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n if_o they_o do_v but_o observe_v to_o