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before_o the_o king_n wherever_o he_o go_v and_o to_o take_v care_n that_o all_o the_o court-officer_n perform_v their_o duty_n in_o their_o several_a station_n over_o who_o he_o have_v the_o sole_a jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_a case_n if_o any_o person_n so_o much_o as_o wound_v one_o of_o his_o officer_n he_o lose_v his_o head_n for_o it_o by_o a_o law_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1573._o he_o be_v moreover_o the_o introducer_n of_o all_o ambassador_n perquisites_n he_o have_v a_o exceed_a great_a benefit_n by_o impose_v prize_n on_o merchant_n ware_n for_o they_o general_o make_v he_o great_a present_n and_o bribe_n to_o augment_v their_o profit_n nevertheless_o his_o power_n be_v very_o much_o lessen_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n for_o than_o he_o must_v act_v in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o grand_a marshal_n of_o lithuania_n absence_n he_o always_o act_n by_o assistance_n of_o the_o court_n marshal_n who_o be_v his_o deputy_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o when_o the_o court_n marshal_n absent_v likewise_o the_o duty_n of_o that_o office_n be_v require_v from_o the_o grand_a marshal_n of_o lithuania_n and_o in_o his_o absence_n from_o his_o little_a marshal_n and_o when_o all_o these_o be_v absent_a that_o duty_n be_v incumbent_a on_o the_o chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n in_o their_o respective_a turn_v the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o lay_v senator_n be_v the_o grand_a marshal_n or_o grand_a steward_n of_o lithuania_n his_o office_n be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o grand_a marshal_n of_o poland_n the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o first_o lay_v senator_n be_v the_o great_a chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o second_v lay_n senator_n be_v the_o great_a chancellor_n of_o the_o duchy_n the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o three_o lay_n senator_n be_v the_o vicechancellor_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o four_o lay_n senator_n be_v the_o vicechancellor_n of_o the_o duchy_n kingdom_n the_o 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in_o by_o four_o general_a collector_n who_o all_o keep_v a_o true_a register_n of_o it_o give_v a_o copy_n thereof_o to_o the_o king_n and_o another_o to_o the_o treasurer_n they_o also_o have_v the_o keep_n of_o the_o regalia_z as_o the_o crown_n sceptre_n globe_n sword_n of_o state_n robe_n etc._n etc._n they_o moreover_o have_v in_o their_o custody_n all_o the_o king_n furniture_n and_o record_n and_o be_v to_o preside_v in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o mint_n they_o likewise_o pay_v all_o salary_n either_o of_o the_o military_a or_o civil_a list_n the_o treasurer_n privilege_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o give_v any_o account_n either_o to_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o officer_n how_o they_o perform_v their_o trust_n but_o in_o due_a time_n the_o diet_n appoint_v commissioner_n for_o that_o purpose_n they_o be_v oblige_v faithful_o to_o charge_n and_o discharge_v themselves_o before_o they_o otherwise_o the_o republic_n may_v sue_v they_o for_o 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seven_o lay_v senator_n be_v the_o little_a or_o court_n marshal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o eight_o lie_v senator_n be_v the_o little_a or_o court_n marshal_n of_o the_o duchy_n it_o these_o court_n marshal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o vladislaus_n vii_o have_v a_o contest_v with_o the_o chancellor_n for_o precedence_n but_o at_o length_n they_o be_v order_v to_o be_v content_v with_o the_o last_o place_n in_o the_o senate_n therefore_o starovolscius_fw-la who_o in_o his_o colen_n edition_n of_o the_o state_n of_o poland_n place_n they_o next_o to_o the_o great_a marshal_n in_o that_o of_o dantzic_n put_v they_o last_o of_o all_o officer_n it_o will_v not_o be_v here_o amiss_o to_o acquaint_v your_o grace_n that_o beside_o these_o ten_o crown-officer_n there_o be_v three_o other_o sort_n of_o officer_n which_o be_v not_o senator_n and_o they_o be_v either_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n the_o king_n court_n or_o belong_v peculiar_o to_o palatinate_n 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the_o sole_a command_n
one_o in_o the_o suburb_n religion_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n and_o suburb_n be_v general_o germane_a and_o compute_v to_o be_v upward_o of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o soul_n whereof_o the_o great_a part_n have_v adhere_v to_o the_o auspurg_n confession_n ever_o since_o the_o year_n 1525._o and_o the_o lutheran_n alone_o be_v admit_v to_o a_o share_n in_o the_o government_n yet_o all_o other_o sect_n be_v tolerate_v and_o allow_v a_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n church_n the_o public_a building_n of_o this_o city_n be_v first_o their_o church_n whereof_o there_o be_v two_o very_a famous_a viz._n st._n mary_n and_o st._n peter_n the_o former_a of_o which_o be_v by_o much_o the_o stately_a fabric_n in_o all_o prussia_n be_v very_o highvaulted_a and_o have_v in_o it_o exceed_o fine_a organ_n beside_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v 48_o altar_n 3722_o window_n and_o a_o font_n make_v at_o antwerp_n which_o cost_v 24000_o rixdollar_n or_o 5400_o pound_n sterling_a 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all_o its_o great_a master_n likewise_o the_o present_a state_n of_o learning_n natural_a knowledge_n practice_n of_o physic_n and_o diseale_v in_o poland_n and_o last_o a_o succinct_a description_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o curland_n and_o the_o livonian_a order_n with_o a_o series_n of_o the_o several_a duke_n and_o provincial_a master_n to_o this_o be_v also_o add_v a_o table_n for_o each_o volume_n and_o a_o sculpture_n of_o the_o diet_n in_o session_n with_o some_o memoirs_fw-fr from_o baron_fw-fr blomberg_n vol._n ii_o by_o bernard_n connor_n m._n d._n fellow_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n and_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o physician_n who_o in_o his_o travel_n in_o that_o country_n collect_v these_o memoir_n from_o the_o best_a author_n and_o his_o own_o observation_n compose_v and_o publish_a by_o â—ir_n savage_a london_n print_v for_o daâ—_n brown_a without_o templ-bar_n '_o and_o a._n roper_n and_o t._n leigh_n both_o in_o il_fw-fr et-street_n 1698._o d_o r._n connor_n '_o saint_n preface_n in_o my_o preface_n to_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o this_o historical_a relation_n of_o poland_n i_o have_v mention_v my_o incapacity_n for_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n both_o because_o i_o be_v only_o twelve_o month_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o because_o i_o have_v no_o talon_n or_o genius_n for_o history_n i_o think_v write_v it_o by_o way_n of_o letter_n in_o imitation_n of_o some_o of_o our_o neighbour_n will_v be_v more_o easy_a to_o myself_o and_o more_o acceptable_a to_o the_o public_a i_o be_o proud_a to_o have_v this_o happy_a occasion_n of_o give_v the_o honourable_a person_n i_o write_v to_o so_o public_a a_o testimony_n of_o my_o respect_n i_o be_o sorry_a in_o the_o same_o time_n i_o can_v have_v leisure_n to_o honour_v myself_o in_o write_v to_o the_o noble_a person_n mention_v in_o the_o second_o volume_n as_o i_o have_v have_v in_o the_o first_o i_o follow_v a_o profession_n so_o remote_a from_o history_n particular_o a_o polish_v one_o that_o 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majesty_n have_v repose_v in_o your_o grace_n during_o his_o absence_n show_v his_o confidence_n in_o your_o ability_n as_o well_o to_o govern_v the_o state_n as_o the_o church_n since_o therefore_o be_v late_o invest_v with_o a_o share_n of_o the_o regal_a authority_n you_o have_v occasion_n to_o know_v more_o intimate_o our_o king_n power_n and_o prerogatives_n i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o give_v your_o grace_n a_o account_n of_o those_o of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o the_o end_n that_o compare_v both_o together_o you_o may_v more_o sensible_o perceive_v the_o excellency_n of_o our_o own_o constitution_n which_o make_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o king_n inseparable_a from_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o people_n for_o when_o the_o executive_a power_n be_v as_o vigilant_a to_o see_v our_o law_n obey_v as_o the_o legislative_a have_v be_v provident_a in_o make_v they_o england_n can_v just_o boast_v of_o a_o much_o great_a happiness_n than_o either_o poland_n or_o any_o other_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n 1698._o have_v my_o lord_n not_o be_v a_o full_a twelve_o month_n at_o the_o late_a king_n of_o poland_n court_n i_o can_v pretend_v to_o be_v thorough_o acquaint_v with_o that_o kingdom_n yet_o i_o find_v that_o like_o most_o other_o country_n it_o have_v undergo_v several_a change_n in_o its_o constitution_n since_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o vith_o century_n at_o which_o time_n it_o begin_v to_o be_v a_o distinct_a nation_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o two_o great_a house_n of_o piastus_n and_o jagello_n poland_n ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o lechus_n its_o founder_n the_o king_n thereof_o have_v be_v elect_v to_o the_o crown_n after_o a_o hereditary_a manner_n though_o not_o by_o a_o hereditary_a title_n they_o have_v real_o be_v absolute_a and_o their_o will_n go_v for_o a_o law_n for_o than_o they_o make_v peace_n and_o war_n when_o they_o please_v levy_v as_o many_o troop_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a punish_v or_o pardon_v at_o pleasure_n and_o reward_v where_o they_o see_v convenient_a and_o all_o the_o administration_n either_o of_o public_a or_o private_a affair_n be_v so_o whole_o lodge_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n that_o i_o have_v hear_v the_o pole_n themselves_o say_v that_o sigismond_n ii_o 1574._o the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o jagellonic_a family_n be_v to_o the_o full_a as_o absolute_a as_o either_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o denmark_n be_v now_o whilst_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n thus_o maintain_v thereby_o a_o supreme_a power_n over_o their_o subject_n they_o exceed_o enlarge_v their_o dominion_n be_v both_o fear_v abroad_o and_o belove_v at_o home_n command_v potent_a and_o numerous_a army_n into_o the_o field_n execute_v most_o erterprise_n speedy_o and_o be_v almost_o always_o sure_o of_o success_n and_o this_o because_o they_o do_v not_o then_o as_o now_o depend_v upon_o the_o linger_a determination_n and_o tedious_a conclusion_n of_o a_o turbulent_a diet._n but_o the_o family_n of_o jagello_n be_v once_o extinct_a by_o the_o death_n of_o sigismond_n ii_o who_o have_v resign_v his_o kingdom_n to_o the_o senate_n and_o polish_v gentry_n and_o give_v they_o full_a power_n and_o authority_n to_o dispose_v thereof_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a the_o crown_n of_o poland_n be_v anew_o declare_v elective_a to_o the_o end_n that_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o christendom_n who_o have_v due_a merit_n and_o qualification_n may_v have_v a_o right_a to_o aspire_v thereunto_o gentry_n this_o give_v occasion_n to_o most_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n ever_o since_o to_o court_v the_o polish_v nobility_n after_o their_o king_n death_n and_o that_o either_o to_o get_v the_o succeed_a election_n determine_v in_o their_o own_o favour_n or_o else_o to_o have_v some_o of_o their_o friend_n advance_v to_o that_o great_a dignity_n but_o this_o most_o common_o rather_o with_o regard_n to_o their_o own_o private_a interest_n than_o out_o of_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o person_n they_o desire_v to_o promote_v as_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n and_o bourbon_n have_v always_o practise_v thereupon_o the_o gentry_n of_o poland_n therefore_o observe_v that_o several_a prince_n at_o a_o time_n always_o aspire_v to_o their_o crown_n and_o consider_v that_o not_o one_o of_o they_o have_v more_o right_o than_o the_o rest_n as_o likewise_o that_o it_o lay_v altogether_o in_o their_o power_n to_o choose_v who_o they_o please_v resolve_v unanimous_o to_o elect_n none_o but_o such_o as_o shall_v condescend_v nay_o swear_v to_o observe_v the_o term_n and_o condition_n they_o propose_v prince_n hereby_o the_o pole_n by_o degree_n have_v clip_v and_o limit_v the_o ancient_a power_n of_o their_o king_n and_o have_v reduce_v they_o to_o the_o bound_n we_o now_o find_v they_o to_o have_v that_o be_v bare_o to_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o grand_a diet_n for_o the_o pole_n know_v very_o well_o that_o no_o prince_n will_v be_v so_o imprudent_a as_o to_o scruple_n submit_v to_o
any_o condition_n to_o become_v master_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o kingdom_n to_o which_o he_o have_v no_o right_a either_o by_o birth_n or_o other_o claim_n and_o more_o especial_o since_o these_o condition_n be_v neither_o rigorous_a nor_o dishonourable_a but_o such_o as_o be_v decent_o consistent_a with_o the_o regal_a character_n he_o be_v to_o be_v invest_v with_o republic_n thus_o the_o polish_v gentry_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o monarchical_a government_n have_v in_o time_n make_v a_o perfect_a republic_n consist_v of_o three_o order_n the_o king_n senate_n and_o gentry_n which_o they_o call_v the_o nobility_n poland_n here_o my_o lord_n i_o must_v take_v notice_n to_o your_o grace_n that_o the_o polish_v nation_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o sort_n of_o people_n the_o gentry_n or_o freeborn_a subject_n who_o be_v hardly_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o vassal_n who_o be_v no_o better_a than_o slave_n to_o the_o gentry_n for_o they_o have_v no_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n can_v buy_v no_o estate_n nor_o enjoy_v any_o property_n no_o more_o than_o our_o negro_n in_o the_o west-indies_n can_n and_o this_o because_o some_o age_n since_o the_o common_a people_n revolt_a against_o their_o lord_n and_o have_v drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o nation_n the_o gentry_n come_v with_o a_o foreign_a power_n and_o reduce_v they_o to_o a_o great_a subjection_n than_o before_o in_o which_o they_o have_v be_v keep_v ever_o since_o so_o that_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n at_o present_a comprehend_v only_o the_o king_n and_o gentry_n by_o a_o gentleman_n or_o nobleman_n of_o poland_n be_v understand_v a_o person_n who_o either_o himself_n or_o his_o family_n have_v a_o possession_n in_o land_n for_o they_o never_o intermarry_v with_o the_o common_a people_n all_o the_o gentry_n from_o the_o king_n son_n to_o those_o that_o be_v but_o only_a master_n of_o a_o acre_n of_o land_n be_v equal_o noble_a both_o by_o their_o birth_n and_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o no_o body_n be_v bear_v either_o a_o palatine_n senator_n or_o lord_n but_o those_o title_n be_v always_o annex_v to_o certain_a employment_n which_o the_o king_n only_o give_v to_o person_n advance_v in_o age_n and_o recommend_v by_o their_o merit_n diet._n the_o diet_n of_o poland_n in_o some_o respect_n resemble_v our_o parliament_n be_v make_v up_o of_o two_o house_n the_o house_n of_o senator_n answerable_a to_o our_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o the_o house_n of_o nuncio_n not_o unlike_o our_o house_n of_o commons_o the_o senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n palatine_n castellan_n and_o the_o ten_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o crown_n in_o all_o about_o 142._o in_o the_o upper-house_n the_o senator_n sit_v not_o by_o any_o writ_n of_o summons_n or_o letter_n patent_n as_o in_o england_n but_o only_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o great_a preferment_n in_o the_o king_n gift_n which_o they_o enjoy_v for_o life_n so_o that_o the_o king_n whole_o constitute_v the_o upper_a 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the_o universal_a consent_n and_o concurrence_n of_o this_o parliament_n which_o they_o term_v the_o free_a state_n of_o poland_n government_n several_a powerful_a motive_n have_v incline_v the_o pole_n to_o establish_v this_o kind_n of_o mix_a government_n which_o they_o take_v to_o be_v a_o just_a temperament_n of_o whatever_o be_v to_o be_v find_v most_o excellent_a in_o the_o several_a monarchy_n aristocracy_n and_o democracy_n that_o have_v be_v in_o the_o world_n the_o most_o considerable_a of_o which_o motive_n as_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o they_o in_o their_o history_n or_o learn_v they_o from_o the_o most_o know_v among_o their_o native_n be_v as_o follow_v motive_n first_o they_o think_v by_o this_o judicious_a choice_n of_o a_o government_n to_o preserve_v their_o kingdom_n from_o those_o disorder_n which_o most_o common_o attend_v absolute_a monarchy_n agree_v herein_o with_o that_o prince_n of_o philosopher_n aristotle_n who_o though_o he_o prefer_v this_o kind_n of_o government_n to_o all_o other_o yet_o be_v he_o nevertheless_o oblige_v to_o own_o that_o when_o ever_o it_o degenerate_v it_o be_v the_o most_o pernicious_a of_o all_o thus_o the_o pole_n have_v temper_v the_o exorbitant_a power_n of_o their_o king_n with_o the_o mixture_n of_o two_o other_o government_n whereby_o they_o think_v to_o secure_v their_o liberty_n a_o thing_n always_o most_o dear_a to_o they_o from_o the_o arbitrary_a will_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o by_o imagine_v himself_o above_o the_o law_n may_v fancy_n whatever_o his_o passion_n prompt_v he_o to_o allowable_a and_o his_o true_a interest_n to_o be_v the_o entire_a subjection_n of_o his_o people_n the_o miserable_a example_n of_o their_o neighbour_n the_o turk_n and_o moscovite_n have_v sufficient_o convince_v they_o of_o this_o truth_n wherefore_o the_o polish_v nation_n think_v it_o but_o convenient_a to_o limit_v the_o excessive_a power_n of_o their_o king_n and_o confine_v they_o to_o rule_v with_o more_o moderation_n and_o justice_n motive_n second_o the_o pole_n have_v observe_v as_o well_o from_o their_o own_o government_n as_o from_o that_o of_o their_o neighbour_n that_o no_o small_a disadvantage_n have_v flow_v from_o a_o aristocracy_n they_o can_v not_o be_v persuade_v but_o that_o the_o authority_n of_o one_o person_n be_v infinite_o more_o easy_a to_o be_v tolerate_v than_o that_o of_o many_o for_o that_o either_o the_o ambition_n or_o jealousy_n of_o such_o will_v often_o disturb_v the_o repose_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o public_a poland_n also_o begin_v to_o reflect_v upon_o its_o former_a misery_n under_o its_o woievod_n when_o it_o be_v deplorable_o rend_v and_o tear_v by_o the_o faction_n among_o those_o palatine_n insomuch_o that_o even_o while_o it_o become_v a_o conqueror_n from_o without_o it_o be_v vanquish_v within_o and_o that_o by_o its_o own_o force_n this_o give_v the_o pole_n no_o small_a dislike_n to_o a_o aristocracy_n which_o they_o have_v resolve_v never_o more_o to_o admit_v among_o they_o motive_n the_o three_o reason_n of_o state_n which_o have_v oblige_v the_o pole_n to_o reject_v a_o democracy_n be_v that_o they_o look_v upon_o that_o sort_n of_o government_n to_o be_v the_o most_o dangerous_a of_o all_o be_v the_o easy_a inflame_v and_o the_o great_a enemy_n to_o true_a nobility_n its_o first_o maxim_n be_v to_o procure_v a_o universal_a level_v or_o make_v all_o alike_o whereby_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o a_o common_a liberty_n they_o weaken_v and_o enervate_v those_o great_a genius_n which_o be_v design_v to_o govern_v and_o protect_v they_o how_o then_o can_v it_o be_v expect_v that_o the_o descendants_n of_o those_o mighty_a warrior_n who_o found_v the_o polish_v nation_n and_o have_v so_o long_o maintain_v the_o honour_n of_o it_o by_o their_o valour_n shall_v submit_v to_o have_v their_o blood_n debase_v by_o mix_v it_o with_o the_o ignoble_a vulgar_a the_o tyranny_n of_o law_n which_o the_o noble_n be_v subject_v to_o in_o a_o absolute_a commonwealth_n will_v be_v too_o rude_a a_o check_n to_o this_o ambition_n which_o the_o pole_n have_v always_o have_v to_o command_v over_o their_o vassal_n and_o therefore_o they_o have_v always_o entertain_v a_o secret_a odium_n for_o those_o grecian_a republic_n that_o banish_v their_o great_a statesman_n mere_o because_o they_o will_v not_o have_v they_o gain_v too_o fast_o upon_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n if_o any_o shall_v perhaps_o doubt_v of_o the_o pernicious_a consequence_n of_o a_o popular_a government_n where_o reason_n do_v not_o so_o much_o reign_v as_o a_o unruly_a violence_n of_o a_o people_n who_o know_v no_o other_o law_n than_o those_o of_o their_o passion_n let_v they_o cast_v their_o eye_n on_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n who_o be_v often_o ready_a to_o overturn_v the_o state_n have_v not_o the_o senate_n speedy_o apply_v a_o prudent_a remedy_n but_o there_o be_v other_o example_n more_o modern_a as_o the_o revolt_n
of_o the_o cosack_n and_o the_o last_o trouble_n in_o bohemia_n to_o these_o also_o may_v be_v add_v the_o revolution_n of_o our_o own_o nation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n i._n when_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o people_n extend_v their_o rage_n even_o to_o the_o dip_v their_o hand_n in_o this_o prince_n blood_n politician_n do_v general_o own_v that_o the_o people_n be_v a_o wild_a beast_n which_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v lead_v than_o leave_v at_o liberty_n and_o by_o consequence_n have_v pronounce_v it_o most_o perilous_a to_o acquiesce_v under_o their_o subjection_n a_o anarchy_n will_v undoubted_o do_v more_o harm_n in_o a_o day_n than_o a_o tyrant_n can_v in_o all_o his_o reign_n if_o he_o punish_v it_o be_v with_o some_o pretence_n of_o justice_n when_o nothing_o can_v abate_v the_o people_n rage_n but_o a_o utter_a extinction_n of_o whatever_o be_v place_v over_o their_o heâ—ds_n a_o mix_a government_n therefore_o make_v out_o of_o all_o these_o three_o be_v that_o which_o have_v prove_v most_o government_n agreeable_a to_o the_o polish_v nation_n be_v a_o just_a medium_fw-la between_o the_o dangerous_a extremity_n of_o a_o absolute_a monarchy_n and_o those_o of_o aristocracy_n and_o democracy_n it_o be_v this_o the_o pole_n have_v pitch_v upon_o as_o most_o proper_a to_o preserve_v the_o public_a liberty_n and_o to_o perpetuate_v the_o happiness_n of_o their_o state_n be_v it_o seem_v persuade_v that_o a_o body_n politic_n resemble_v a_o humane_a in_o this_o that_o as_o the_o one_o borrow_v all_o its_o vigour_n and_o health_n from_o a_o just_a temperament_n of_o the_o different_a humour_n that_o compose_v it_o so_o the_o other_o depend_v absolute_o on_o that_o of_o the_o three_o beforementioned_a form_n of_o government_n and_o moreover_o as_o the_o former_a subsist_v by_o the_o mutual_a opposition_n of_o contrary_a quality_n so_o the_o king_n senate_n and_o gentry_n of_o poland_n have_v in_o some_o measure_n different_a interest_n and_o inclination_n be_v not_o only_o hinder_v from_o deviate_a into_o vicious_a extremity_n but_o also_o through_o a_o noble_a emulation_n be_v excite_v to_o labour_v careful_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a republic_n the_o republic_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o state_n the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n yet_o both_o which_o be_v but_o as_o one_o body_n have_v the_o same_o king_n the_o same_o parliament_n the_o same_o law_n the_o same_o privilege_n the_o same_o religion_n and_o as_o the_o natural_a result_n of_o all_o these_o the_o same_o interest_n these_o two_o state_n be_v so_o very_o well_o unite_v that_o a_o king_n can_v be_v elect_v a_o law_n make_v nor_o any_o state-business_n do_v without_o the_o mutual_a consent_n of_o both_o but_o my_o lord_n as_o the_o king_n be_v the_o prime_n and_o chief_a member_n of_o this_o republic_n i_o will_v give_v your_o grace_n a_o account_n of_o his_o present_a power_n and_o prerogatives_n prerogatives_n the_o pole_n be_v too_o proud_a a_o nation_n to_o agree_v with_o those_o politician_n that_o measure_v the_o grandeur_n of_o a_o prince_n and_o happiness_n of_o a_o state_n by_o the_o despotic_a power_n of_o he_o that_o govern_v it_o and_o therefore_o those_o pernicious_a maxim_n of_o tyrant_n si_fw-la lubet_fw-la licet_fw-la oderint_fw-la dum_fw-la metuant_fw-la and_o the_o like_a will_v be_v but_o ill_o receive_v among_o a_o people_n that_o have_v all_o along_o secure_v their_o liberty_n by_o their_o prudence_n and_o valour_n this_o vassalage_n will_v suit_v well_o enough_o with_o the_o slave_n of_o asia_n and_o africa_n or_o with_o the_o moscovite_n and_o turk_n who_o all_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v govern_v like_o beast_n and_o lead_v by_o the_o nose_n according_a to_o the_o different_a caprice_n or_o pleasure_n of_o their_o prince_n happiness_n as_o for_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n they_o may_v rest_v in_o security_n in_o the_o bosom_n of_o their_o country_n even_o amid_o the_o noise_n of_o arm_n either_o without_o or_o within_o their_o dominion_n since_o they_o have_v always_o their_o subject_n to_o crowd_v about_o they_o for_o their_o guard_n through_o indispensable_a inclination_n for_o what_o contribute_v chief_o to_o the_o happiness_n of_o these_o prince_n be_v the_o loyal_a observance_n and_o voluntary_a obedience_n pay_v they_o even_o by_o those_o that_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o do_v the_o contrary_n i_o have_v often_o hear_v mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr polignac_n the_o french_a ambassador_n say_v at_o warsaw_n that_o he_o think_v a_o king_n of_o poland_n more_o happy_a in_o his_o person_n and_o condition_n than_o a_o king_n of_o france_n nevertheless_o this_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v so_o alloy_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o it_o do_v not_o exact_v more_o veneration_n from_o the_o noble_n or_o gentry_n than_o they_o think_v he_o deserve_v for_o though_o their_o behaviour_n be_v general_o extraordinary_a observant_a yet_o do_v they_o tacit_o seem_v to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o power_n they_o have_v limit_v and_o often_o refuse_v that_o duty_n which_o they_o have_v deem_v he_o worthy_a of_o by_o his_o election_n unhappiness_n the_o polish_v nobility_n make_v no_o difference_n between_o their_o king_n be_v right_a and_o those_o of_o the_o senate_n and_o deputy_n affirm_v that_o since_o these_o three_o member_n compose_v but_o one_o body_n they_o ought_v equal_o to_o share_v in_o the_o same_o benefit_n and_o injury_n and_o consequent_o ought_v all_o either_o to_o reward_v the_o one_o or_o revenge_v the_o other_o state_n the_o small_a authority_n therefore_o of_o their_o king_n and_o the_o impossibility_n of_o their_o act_n by_o themselves_o have_v at_o all_o time_n expose_v poland_n to_o the_o insult_v of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o the_o rage_n of_o their_o own_o people_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o the_o cosack_n and_o the_o treachery_n and_o sedition_n of_o the_o confederate_n which_o can_v never_o have_v arrive_v at_o so_o great_a height_n if_o the_o king_n have_v have_v but_o sufficient_a power_n to_o have_v suppress_v they_o also_o the_o great_a marshal_n of_o the_o crown_n lubomirski_n will_v never_o have_v have_v the_o boldness_n to_o have_v oppose_v king_n casimir_n design_n open_o and_o to_o have_v form_v so_o many_o faction_n against_o the_o court_n have_v he_o not_o have_v some_o assurance_n of_o remain_v unpunished_a this_o make_v the_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o be_v style_v a_o king_n of_o king_n and_o lord_n of_o lord_n since_o he_o have_v no_o better_a than_o companion_n and_o equal_n for_o his_o subject_n king_n we_o have_v divers_a instance_n of_o the_o pole_n love_v for_o their_o king_n and_o particular_o by_o their_o once_o enforce_v the_o right_n of_o sigismond_n iii_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n in_o a_o obstinate_a war_n which_o they_o begin_v several_a time_n as_o likewise_o in_o support_v afterward_o the_o pretence_n of_o vladislaus_n vii_o to_o moscovy_n to_o omit_v divers_a other_o of_o a_o more_o ancient_a date_n this_o respect_n of_o their_o oblige_v they_o frequent_o to_o come_v and_o spend_v their_o estate_n at_o court_n think_v to_o augment_v their_o prince_n grandeur_n by_o their_o prodigality_n and_o magnificence_n this_o appear_v by_o the_o mistake_v make_v by_o gregory_n king_n of_o bohemia_n at_o the_o interview_n between_o he_o and_o casimir_n the_o great_a at_o glogan_n which_o place_v the_o former_a have_v demand_v to_o bound_v the_o limit_n of_o silesia_n when_o he_o salute_v a_o private_a gentleman_n splendid_o clothe_v for_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n power_n the_o custom_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o pole_n run_v so_o strong_a towards_o honour_v their_o prince_n that_o all_o they_o have_v or_o be_v able_a to_o do_v even_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n they_o be_v willing_a to_o lavish_a in_o his_o service_n without_o expect_v any_o great_a recompense_n than_o the_o glory_n of_o wait_v on_o his_o majesty_n person_n insomuch_o that_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o be_v courageous_a and_o prudent_a just_a and_o sober_a liberal_a and_o religious_a one_o that_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o in_o a_o word_n who_o have_v no_o other_o interest_n but_o the_o common_a good_a and_o safety_n of_o his_o subject_n be_v as_o much_o respect_a and_o honour_a and_o as_o faithful_o obey_v both_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n nay_o as_o formidable_a to_o all_o his_o enemy_n as_o most_o prince_n in_o europe_n as_o to_o what_o relate_v to_o war_n no_o monarch_n have_v great_a advantage_n than_o himself_o for_o he_o be_v neither_o at_o the_o trouble_n of_o raise_v force_n nor_o expense_n in_o maintain_v they_o his_o business_n be_v only_o to_o convene_v the_o diet_n and_o they_o do_v all_o these_o thing_n to_o his_o hand_n after_o war_n be_v once_o declare_v he_o can_v continue_v the_o
starostaship_n after_o the_o death_n of_o those_o that_o enjoy_v they_o if_o the_o king_n chance_n to_o die_v before_o the_o queen_n have_v this_o reformation_n assign_v she_o than_o the_o republic_n give_v she_o a_o yearly_o pension_n out_o of_o the_o crown-revenue_n but_o this_o no_o long_o than_o she_o continue_v unmarried_a or_o stay_v in_o the_o realm_n for_o otherwise_o in_o both_o those_o case_n the_o queen_n regent_n get_v it_o or_o else_o it_o revert_v to_o the_o state_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o queen_n regent_n never_o come_v by_o it_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n and_o that_o be_v no_o ordinary_a expense_n to_o she_o to_o procure_v by_o purchase_v almost_o all_o the_o vote_n of_o that_o mercenary_a assembly_n this_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o present_a queen-dowager_n for_o when_o the_o queen_n her_o predecessor_n marry_v the_o duke_n of_o lorraine_n she_o observe_v that_o the_o settlement_n of_o her_o pension_n be_v like_a to_o be_v put_v off_o to_o the_o succeed_a diet_n which_o be_v convene_v only_o once_o in_o three_o year_n think_v it_o better_a to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o gain_v their_o vote_n at_o that_o session_n than_o to_o lose_v three_o year_n income_n this_o revenue_n be_v general_o compute_v at_o half_a a_o million_o polish_v which_o amount_v to_o about_o thirty_o thousand_o english_a pound_n as_o long_o as_o the_o queen-dowager_n enjoy_v this_o pension_n the_o queen-regent_n can_v have_v none_o for_o the_o pole_n say_v that_o it_o will_v be_v too_o much_o to_o pension_n two_o queen_n at_o once_o respect_n though_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v many_o important_a employment_n to_o distribute_v yet_o his_o power_n be_v always_o limit_v in_o the_o distribution_n of_o they_o for_o he_o can_v name_v any_o of_o his_o child_n no_o nor_o so_o much_o as_o the_o queen_n to_o any_o charge_v either_o ecclesiastical_a or_o temporal_a sigismond_n iii_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o give_v his_o queen_n constantia_n two_o starostaship_n vacant_a by_o the_o death_n of_o queen_n anne_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1625._o all_o the_o gentry_n oppose_v it_o by_o a_o great_a uproar_v in_o the_o diet_n and_o maintain_v vigorous_o that_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n ought_v not_o to_o part_v with_o any_o office_n without_o their_o consent_n neither_o can_v he_o purchase_v any_o land_n for_o they_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n although_o the_o late_a king_n buy_v several_a vast_a territory_n in_o other_o people_n name_n both_o in_o russia_n prussia_n and_o almost_o all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n and_o beside_o purchase_v a_o principality_n of_o the_o emperor_n in_o silesia_n for_o prince_n james_n his_o elder_a son_n but_o the_o pole_n have_v long_o since_o discover_v the_o secret_a pretend_a when_o i_o be_v at_o warsaw_n that_o all_o those_o land_n must_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n after_o the_o king_n death_n some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n also_o have_v be_v so_o kind_a as_o to_o part_v with_o their_o prerogative_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n so_o that_o now_o they_o retain_v only_o the_o collation_n of_o benefice_n as_o for_o the_o foundation_n of_o monastery_n whatever_o power_n the_o king_n may_v have_v leave_v to_o erect_v they_o they_o must_v always_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o three_o order_n of_o the_o state_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v likewise_o limit_v in_o divers_a other_o respect_n for_o he_o can_v neither_o increase_v nor_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o officer_n either_o of_o his_o court_n or_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o name_v any_o stranger_n that_o be_v not_o naturalize_v to_o any_o charge_n or_o government_n only_o in_o the_o foot_n army_n and_o there_o too_o such_o a_o person_n can_v pretend_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o be_v a_o captain_n or_o at_o most_o a_o colonel_n this_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o example_n of_o stephen_n batori_n who_o have_v have_v considerable_a service_n do_v he_o by_o the_o hungarian_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o moscovite_n he_o think_v it_o but_o reasonable_a to_o prefer_v some_o of_o they_o for_o recompense_n which_o extreme_o incense_v the_o pole_n and_o particular_o the_o grand_a general_n so_o much_o that_o he_o immediate_o thereupon_o resign_v his_o staff_n it_o be_v also_o out_o of_o the_o king_n power_n to_o advance_v some_o native_n for_o all_o citizen_n merchant_n tradesman_n and_o their_o son_n countryman_n labourer_n and_o general_o all_o artificer_n be_v not_o only_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n exclude_v from_o preferment_n which_o the_o king_n have_v the_o nomination_n of_o but_o also_o have_v not_o liberty_n either_o of_o buy_v or_o enjoy_v land_n or_o estate_n preferment_n it_o be_v then_o the_o nobility_n alone_o or_o freeborn_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n or_o of_o the_o other_o province_n incorporate_v into_o that_o monarchy_n that_o can_v pretend_v to_o any_o preferment_n in_o the_o republic_n wherefore_o the_o aforesaid_a king_n batori_n think_v to_o advance_v his_o nephew_n by_o reason_n he_o have_v no_o child_n design_v to_o get_v they_o naturalize_v in_o the_o diet_n hold_v the_o thirteen_o of_o december_n 1586_o but_o be_v prevent_v by_o death_n it_o must_v withal_o be_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v not_o every_o one_o of_o these_o that_o can_v aspire_v or_o lay_v claim_n to_o every_o preferment_n but_o only_o such_o as_o have_v land_n or_o estate_n in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o great_a duchy_n or_o any_o other_o incorporate_v province_n where_o the_o preferment_n lie_v for_o a_o freeborn_a native_a of_o the_o kingdom_n though_o he_o have_v a_o estate_n in_o it_o yet_o can_v be_v a_o governor_n of_o a_o city_n in_o lithuania_n nor_o have_v any_o kind_n of_o employment_n there_o without_o a_o settle_a estate_n in_o that_o country_n but_o the_o advantage_n that_o all_o freeborn_a native_n have_v be_v that_o they_o can_v buy_v a_o estate_n throughout_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o poland_n power_n there_o be_v another_o inconvenience_n which_o very_o much_o prejudices_fw-la and_o limit_n the_o king_n power_n and_o the_o public_a interest_n of_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n for_o wherever_o a_o noble_a pole_n be_v once_o name_v to_o a_o preferment_n and_o be_v in_o actual_a possession_n of_o it_o let_v he_o commit_v never_o so_o many_o crime_n against_o the_o crown_n or_o state_n he_o can_v never_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o employ_v or_o turn_v out_o of_o it_o without_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o diet_n but_o shall_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o for_o life_n even_o against_o a_o the_o will_n of_o the_o diet_n if_o he_o have_v but_o one_o member_n on_o his_o side_n who_o will_v protest_v against_o the_o proceed_n for_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o a_o member_n of_o the_o diet_n of_o poland_n have_v the_o same_o force_n with_o a_o negative_a of_o a_o king_n of_o england_n in_o parliament_n thereby_o this_o pernicious_a constitution_n occasion_n many_o trouble_n and_o animosity_n for_o it_o encourage_v unruly_a and_o mutinous_a people_n to_o disturb_v the_o commonwealth_n officer_n never_o serve_v the_o republic_n faithful_o treasurer_n arè_v thereby_o embolden_v to_o give_v no_o account_n of_o the_o public_a revenue_n the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n and_o governor_n of_o province_n and_o town_n do_v as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o most_o common_o mind_v their_o own_o private_a affair_n more_o than_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o republic_n in_o a_o word_n though_o the_o pole_n term_v this_o constitution_n the_o great_a mark_n of_o their_o liberty_n it_o inevitable_o ruin_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n and_o every_o one_o see_v what_o bad_a consequence_n must_v and_o do_v necessary_o follow_v from_o this_o excessive_a liberty_n or_o rather_o libertinism_n of_o every_o private_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n respect_n my_o lord_n this_o great_a privilege_n of_o the_o ofcer_n make_v they_o pay_v more_o than_o ordinary_a respect_n to_o the_o king_n before_o they_o be_v dignify_v and_o court_v he_o to_o give_v they_o a_o charge_v which_o he_o can_v never_o afterward_o take_v away_o moreover_o this_o power_n of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o name_n such_o of_o the_o qualify_v nobility_n as_o best_o please_v he_o to_o these_o important_a employment_n keep_v all_o the_o gentry_n in_o a_o great_a dependence_n on_o he_o for_o the_o design_n of_o the_o republic_n in_o lodging_n the_o nomination_n of_o officer_n in_o the_o king_n hand_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v take_v care_n to_o confer_v they_o on_o those_o that_o have_v best_o deserve_v they_o by_o their_o service_n either_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n and_o exclude_v such_o from_o they_o as_o have_v be_v stubborn_a mutinous_a and_o unserviceable_a to_o the_o state_n another_o reason_n that_o make_v the_o king_n respect_v be_v the_o natural_a ambition_n
gnesna_n a_o address_n to_o this_o bishop_n be_v common_o admodum_fw-la reverendo_fw-la when_o other_o have_v only_o reverendo_fw-la the_o four_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o see_n bishop_n of_o cujavia_n and_o pomerania_n the_o see_v of_o who_o bishopric_n be_v at_o vladislaw_n upon_o the_o vistula_n four_o league_n below_o thorn_n in_o low_a poland_n authority_n his_o seat_n in_o the_o senate_n be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n who_o place_n he_o officiate_n in_o a_o inter-regnum_fw-la as_o your_o grace_n may_v have_v observe_v before_o his_o bishopric_n be_v former_o call_v the_o bishopric_n of_o cruswick_n because_o he_o have_v a_o cathedral_n church_n there_o but_o that_o be_v translate_v to_o vladislaw_n at_o this_o day_n it_o have_v sometime_o the_o name_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o vladislaw_n residence_n his_o usual_a residence_n when_o in_o poland_n be_v either_o at_o wolboria_n in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o lanschet_fw-mi or_o lagovia_n in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o sendomir_n and_o when_o in_o prussia_n be_v chief_o at_o sobkovia_n the_o five_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o vilna_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n on_o the_o river_n vilia_fw-la which_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o river_n niemen_n below_o cowno_n diocese_n his_o diocese_n extend_v itself_o through_o lithuania_n and_o white-russia_n even_o to_o the_o border_n of_o moscovy_n the_o six_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o posnan_n a_o city_n in_o low_a or_o great_a poland_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n varta_fw-la there_o be_v the_o tomb_n of_o several_a king_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o this_o city_n all_o which_o be_v very_o magnificent_a diocese_n his_o diocese_n not_o only_o extend_v through_o the_o province_n of_o posnania_n but_o also_o through_o some_o part_n of_o the_o palatinate_n of_o masovia_n as_o warsaw_n etc._n etc._n the_o seven_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o plosko_fw-mi a_o small_a city_n in_o masovia_n on_o the_o river_n vistula_n five_o league_n above_o vladislaw_n jurisdiction_n he_o have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o territory_n of_o pultausk_n as_o the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n have_v over_o the_o duchy_n of_o severia_n and_o wherein_o there_o lie_v no_o appeal_n to_o the_o king_n see_n his_o episcopal_n see_v be_v at_o pultausk_n in_o masovia_n upon_o the_o river_n narew_n which_o run_v into_o the_o bug_n two_o league_n below_o the_o eight_o eclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o varmia_n in_o royal_a prussia_n which_o bishopric_n be_v so_o divide_v that_o the_o bishop_n have_v two_o part_n and_o the_o chapter_n the_o three_o and_o in_o which_o they_o have_v jurisdiction_n a_o free_a jurisdiction_n over_o the_o gentry_n exempt_v from_o the_o regal_a power_n see_n his_o episcopal_n see_v be_v at_o frawenberg_n a_o little_a town_n near_o frischaff_a the_o nine_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o luceoria_n or_o lucko_n which_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o high_a volhynia_n diocese_n his_o diocese_n contain_v part_n of_o the_o palatinate_n of_o masovia_n podlachia_n and_o briescia_n or_o polesia_n in_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n the_o ten_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o premislia_n or_o premislaw_n a_o city_n of_o red-russia_n on_o the_o river_n san_n six_o league_n above_o jeroslaw_n and_o twelve_o from_o leopol_n bishop_n in_o this_o city_n there_o be_v a_o greek-schismatic_n bishop_n it_o be_v here_o that_o a_o canon_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n name_v orikowski_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o lutheranism_n maintain_v the_o first_o that_o priest_n may_v marry_v and_o who_o marry_v afterward_o himself_o in_o the_o year_n 1549._o under_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n ii_o the_o eleven_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o samogitia_n who_o obtain_v from_o pope_n curland_n vrban_n viii_o that_o he_o may_v likewise_o be_v bishop_n of_o curland_n see_n this_o bishop_n have_v no_o particular_a see_v appoint_v but_o sometime_o reside_v at_o midnich_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a town_n in_o that_o province_n the_o twelve_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o culm_n a_o city_n of_o royal_a prussia_n on_o the_o river_n vistula_n six_o league_n above_o the_o city_n of_o thorn_n precedence_n this_o bishop_n former_o precede_v the_o bishop_n of_o varmia_n see_n his_o episcopal_n see_v be_v at_o lubavia_n as_o likewise_o at_o stargardie_a which_o the_o german_n call_v althousen_n the_o thirteen_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o chelm_fw-ge in_fw-ge red-russia_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o this_o city_n a_o greek-schismatick_a bishop_n wherefore_o the_o bishop_n of_o chelm_fw-ge have_v for_o some_o time_n translate_v his_o see_n to_o kranostaw_fw-mi a_o town_n in_o the_o same_o palatinate_n of_o chelm_fw-ge build_v upon_o a_o great_a lake_n through_o which_o run_v the_o river_n nieper_n this_o translation_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o frequent_a eruption_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o cosak_n and_o who_o have_v altogether_o destroy_v the_o city_n of_o chelm_fw-ge the_o fourteen_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o bishop_n of_o kiovia_n capital_a city_n of_o low_a volhynia_n honorary_a and_o of_o all_o vkraina_n moscovy_n here_o be_v moreover_o a_o greek-schismatick_a bishop_n formerly_z primate_n of_o all_o russia_n or_o moscovy_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n be_v all_o of_o the_o greek_a persuasion_n and_o at_o present_a be_v subject_a to_o the_o great_a czar_n the_o fifteen_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o honorary_a bishop_n of_o caminiec_n capital_a of_o podolia_n which_o be_v now_o under_o the_o turk_n the_o sixteen_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n be_v the_o honorary_a bishop_n of_o smolensko_n upon_o the_o river_n vistula_n capital_a of_o the_o duchy_n of_o the_o same_o name_n this_o duchy_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o lithuania_n but_o now_o be_v also_o subdue_v by_o the_o moscovite_n court_n every_o one_o of_o these_o bishop_n have_v a_o great_a retinue_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o little_a court_n have_v several_a ecclesiastical_a and_o secular_a officer_n about_o he_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o also_o have_v suffragans_fw-la because_o they_o believe_v themselves_o chief_o make_v bishop_n to_o have_v a_o right_a to_o sit_v in_o the_o senate_n and_o not_o to_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o office_n and_o therefore_o allow_v these_o a_o small_a pension_n to_o perform_v all_o episcopal_a function_n for_o they_o guagnini_n say_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1506._o there_o be_v a_o great_a contest_v in_o the_o diet_n hold_v at_o lublin_n between_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o lay_v senator_n for_o the_o latter_a pretend_v to_o have_v a_o right_a to_o sit_v next_o the_o king_n on_o his_o left_a hand_n but_o which_o at_o length_n the_o bishop_n overpower_a they_o in_o and_o thereby_o retain_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n revenue_n krzistanowic_n in_o his_o state_n of_o poland_n say_v that_o such_o be_v the_o piety_n of_o the_o pole_n that_o immediate_o after_o they_o become_v christian_n they_o prefer_v their_o clergy_n to_o their_o laity_n and_o allow_v they_o many_o noble_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n which_o they_o enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n most_o of_o the_o bishop_n have_v very_o large_a revenue_n wherewith_o they_o may_v not_o only_o live_v splendid_o and_o comfortable_o themselves_o but_o also_o be_v assistant_n to_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o charitable_a to_o the_o poor_a lithuania_n here_o i_o must_v beg_v leave_n to_o give_v your_o grace_n by_o way_n of_o digression_n some_o account_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o religion_n both_o in_o poland_n and_o lithnania_n together_o with_o a_o few_o historical_a circumstance_n relate_v as_o well_o to_o modern_a as_o more_o remote_a time_n and_o wherein_o i_o 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it_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o last_o election_n with_o as_o much_o brevity_n and_o succinctness_n as_o possible_a and_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v swear_v after_o the_o king_n have_v thus_o be_v conduct_v into_o the_o church_n the_o ceremony_n forthwith_o begin_v first_o the_o archbishop_n in_o a_o short_a oration_n exhort_v the_o king_n to_o continue_v steadfast_a in_o the_o roman_a communion_n to_o exercise_v all_o regal_a and_o princely_a virtue_n and_o last_o to_o remunerate_v his_o obligation_n to_o the_o republic_n by_o a_o just_a and_o inviolable_a administration_n of_o the_o government_n after_o which_o the_o archbishop_n ask_v he_o to_o this_o effect_n in_o latin_a will_v you_o support_v and_o maintain_v the_o holy_a catholic_n faith_n and_o uphold_v it_o by_o good_a work_n to_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v i_o will_n then_o the_o archbishop_n ask_v he_o again_o will_v you_o protect_v and_o defend_v the_o church_n and_o their_o minister_n answer_n i_o will_n then_o the_o 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lithuania_n we_o do_v moreover_o promise_v to_o maintain_v and_o acquiesce_v in_o whatever_o have_v be_v enact_v or_o establish_v in_o the_o diet_n of_o our_o election_n as_o we_o do_v likewise_o to_o what_o shall_v be_v agree_v upon_o in_o that_o of_o our_o coronation_n also_o that_o we_o will_v restore_v both_o to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n whatever_o have_v or_o shall_v be_v alien_v and_o dismember_a from_o their_o land_n or_o revenue_n moreover_o we_o promise_v not_o to_o lessen_v the_o bound_n of_o either_o the_o kingdom_n or_o great_a duchy_n but_o rather_o to_o defend_v and_o enlarge_v they_o we_o swear_v likewise_o to_o establish_v court_n of_o justice_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n and_o to_o see_v that_o justice_n be_v render_v every_o where_o without_o intermission_n or_o delay_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o or_o favour_n of_o person_n or_o thing_n and_o last_o we_o consent_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v which_o god_n forbid_v that_o 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into_o the_o king_n right_a hand_n and_o the_o globe_n into_o his_o left_a when_o the_o king_n rise_v his_o sword_n be_v give_v again_o to_o the_o swordbearer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o bear_v before_o he_o enthrone_v after_o this_o his_o majesty_n be_v bring_v back_o between_o the_o archbishop_n and_o the_o two_o bishop_n to_o the_o throne_n wherein_o he_o be_v forthwith_o place_v by_o the_o archbishop_n with_o these_o word_n sit_v and_o maintain_v the_o place_n give_v you_o by_o god_n etc._n etc._n the_o king_n be_v thus_o seat_v the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n return_v to_o the_o altar_n where_o they_o sing_v te_fw-la deum_fw-la which_o be_v end_v and_o the_o archbishop_n sit_v down_o by_o the_o altar_n the_o king_n come_v and_o offer_v he_o gold_n kiss_v his_o hand_n and_o have_v make_v his_o confession_n to_o he_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n and_o benediction_n from_o he_o king_n thus_o the_o ceremony_n be_v at_o a_o end_n the_o archbishop_n rises_z and_o give_v his_o benediction_n to_o all_o present_a when_o the_o court-marshal_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n cry_v out_o vivat_fw-la rex_fw-la vivat_fw-la rex_fw-la which_o signal_n be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o the_o people_n all_o the_o church_n soon_o ring_v with_o the_o same_o joyful_a note_n after_o which_o the_o great_a treasurer_n scatter_v a_o great_a number_n of_o coronation-medal_n among_o the_o people_n and_o the_o gun_n begin_v to_o roar_v out_o their_o satisfaction_n in_o what_o have_v be_v do_v when_o the_o king_n forthwith_o return_v to_o his_o court_n with_o great_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n thereupon_o the_o coronation_n be_v thus_o complete_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n be_v spend_v in_o various_a kind_n of_o feast_n and_o rejoice_n among_o which_o there_o be_v one_o very_o particular_a in_o the_o king_n court_n where_o they_o roast_v three_o whole_a ox_n stuff_v and_o lard_v with_o divers_a kind_n of_n fatten_v wild_a beast_n when_o they_o also_o give_v a_o great_a many_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n and_o beer_n
large_a black_a velvet_n pall_v throw_v over_o it_o with_o a_o cross_n of_o red_a satin_n in_o the_o middle_a and_o six_o long_a black_a silk_n tassel_n hang_v down_o from_o it_o which_o be_v bear_v up_o by_o as_o many_o of_o the_o decease_a person_n be_v domestic_n all_o in_o close_o mourn_v before_o the_o chariot_n march_v several_a priest_n monk_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n each_o of_o which_o carry_v a_o white_a wax_n torch_n light_v in_o his_o hand_n next_o to_o who_o and_o immediate_o before_o the_o hearse_n come_v three_o man_n on_o horseback_n who_o carry_v the_o arm_n of_o the_o decease_a one_o his_o sword_n another_o his_o lance_n and_o the_o three_o his_o dart._n proceed_n the_o procession_n thus_o set_v out_o march_v very_o slow_o in_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o usual_o come_v late_o to_o the_o church_n after_o the_o burial-service_n be_v over_o those_o that_o carry_v the_o armour_n enter_v the_o church_n on_o horseback_n and_o furious_o ride_v up_o to_o the_o 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john_n casimir_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o suburb_n of_o warsaw_n where_o she_o die_v to_o the_o castle_n where_o she_o lie_v in_o state_n till_o she_o be_v carry_v to_o cracow_n to_o be_v bury_v death_n it_o may_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o entertain_v your_o lordship_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o her_o death_n there_o be_v something_o observable_a in_o it_o she_o die_v of_o a_o defluxion_n upon_o her_o lung_n or_o of_o a_o consumption_n occasion_v by_o excess_n of_o passion_n on_o account_n of_o a_o contest_v she_o have_v have_v with_o the_o chancellor_n patz_n about_o something_o she_o have_v propose_v to_o he_o which_o he_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o this_o princess_n love_v so_o dear_o to_o intermeddle_v with_o and_o to_o govern_v the_o state_n sole_o according_a to_o her_o fancy_n that_o she_o be_v not_o a_o little_a jealous_a when_o the_o king_n her_o husband_n speak_v to_o any_o other_o woman_n and_o that_o chief_o for_o fear_v he_o may_v incline_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o another_o more_o than_o herself_o this_o your_o lordship_n may_v imagine_v give_v he_o no_o great_a cause_n to_o be_v concern_v at_o her_o death_n for_o at_o the_o very_a instant_a of_o her_o expire_n he_o post_v away_o to_o a_o mistress_n he_o have_v former_o love_v but_o who_o he_o dare_v not_o have_v speak_v to_o during_o his_o queen_n life_n poland_n as_o mourn_v be_v not_o only_o a_o necessary_a circumstance_n but_o also_o the_o sequel_n of_o a_o funeral_n so_o i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v here_o to_o give_v some_o short_a account_n of_o it_o the_o mourn_v of_o the_o man_n be_v much_o like_o we_o only_o differ_v according_a to_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o country_n but_o the_o woman_n of_o quality_n be_v general_o apparel_v in_o a_o sort_n of_o coarse_a black_a stuff_n and_o their_o linen_n be_v not_o much_o fine_a than_o canvas_n and_o the_o great_a the_o quality_n always_o the_o coarse_a the_o linen_n and_o stuff_n this_o habit_n do_v not_o misbecome_v widow_n that_o be_v both_o young_a and_o handsome_a it_o may_v here_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o senator_n deputy_n and_o all_o other_o that_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o appear_v at_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n must_v be_v in_o black_a though_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o several_a country_n of_o foreigner_n be_v not_o require_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o be_v alter_v pole_n for_o the_o other_o custom_n of_o eat_v and_o drink_v among_o the_o pole_n both_o at_o feast_n and_o elsewhere_o they_o be_v various_a but_o first_o i_o must_v give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o edible_n and_o potable_n their_o ordinary_a meat_n be_v beef_n and_o veal_n for_o mutton_n they_o do_v not_o value_v and_o general_o give_v it_o to_o their_o servant_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o grey_a but_o no_o red_a partridge_n a_o great_a many_o hare_n but_o no_o rabit_n for_o they_o will_v soon_o eat_v a_o cat_n than_o these_o last_o they_o have_v it_o be_v true_a some_o white_a rabbit_n which_o they_o breed_v tame_a for_o the_o sake_n of_o 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neither_o understanding_n the_o language_n of_o that_o place_n nor_o know_v where_o to_o lodge_v receive_v they_o hospitable_o into_o his_o house_n and_o give_v they_o all_o manner_n of_o suitable_a entertainment_n afterward_o obtain_v leave_n of_o the_o patriarch_n he_o erect_v a_o chapel_n for_o they_o and_o dedicate_v it_o to_o the_o virgin_n mary_n whence_o the_o knight_n that_o be_v establish_v there_o afterward_o come_v to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o equites_fw-la mariani_n other_o german_a gentleman_n contribute_v large_o to_o the_o maintain_n and_o increase_n this_o charitable_a work_n insomuch_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n these_o knight_n become_v very_o numerous_a and_o wealthy_a and_o give_v themselves_o to_o military_a employment_n and_o to_o act_n of_o piety_n and_o charity_n title_n in_o the_o year_n 1190_o they_o elect_v their_o first_o great_a master_n henry_n walpot_n and_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v have_v their_o order_n confirm_v upon_o the_o request_n of_o
to_o be_v in_o english_a hand_n ibid._n *_o whence_o have_v its_o name_n 114_o *_o u._n vilna_n bishop_n of_o his_o diocese_n 43._o vilna_n castellan_n of_o prefer_v wherefore_o 55._o varmia_n bishop_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o see_v 44._o vote_n intend_a limitation_n like_a to_o produce_v a_o bad_a effect_n 104._o who_o have_v they_o in_o election_n of_o a_o king_n 144._o volunteer_n what_o in_o poland_n 17_o *_o example_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o select_v out_o of_o the_o gentry_n 18_o *_o university_n two_o in_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n 75_o *_o chief_a study_n there_o ibid._n *_o have_v no_o solid_a learning_n 78_o *_o w._n woman_n polish_v their_o former_a and_o late_a fashion_n 197._o very_o modest_a 200._o exception_n 201._o their_o liberty_n restrain_v ibid._n war_n two_o quality_n necessary_a there_o 26_o *_o z._n zuppars_n what_o 80._o vide_fw-la mine_n finis_fw-la from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 1698._o former_a power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n a._n d._n 1574._o advantage_n thereby_o why_o european_a prince_n court_v the_o polish_v gentry_n nobility_n resolve_v thereupon_o abridge_v the_o ancient_a power_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o constitute_v a_o republic_n division_n of_o the_o people_n of_o poland_n the_o diet._n it_o be_v power_n motive_n for_o a_o mix_a government_n a_o motive_n ii_o motive_n iii_o motive_n advantage_n of_o a_o mix_a government_n division_n of_o the_o republic_n king_n present_a power_n and_o prerogatives_n his_o happiness_n unhappiness_n a_o great_a inconvenience_n to_o the_o state_n instance_n of_o pole_n affection_n to_o their_o king_n modern_a king_n power_n abroad_o and_o at_o home_o the_o great_a respect_n pay_v he_o his_o title_n and_o other_o prerogative_n his_o pension_n houshold-officer_n and_o guard_n queen_n consort_n court_n how_o maintain_v king_n patrimonial_a estate_n and_o perquisites_n late_a king_n be_v great_a riches_n the_o crown_n revenue_n queen_n revenue_n the_o king_n power_n limit_v in_o several_a respect_n nobility_n only_o capable_a of_o preferment_n other_o limitation_n of_o the_o king_n power_n inconvenience_n thereby_o why_o he_o be_v pay_v so_o great_a respect_n city_n present_v their_o key_n upon_o his_o approach_n why_o he_o can_v raise_v no_o force_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o diet._n his_o legitimate_a issue_n great_o respect_v his_o illegitimate_a as_o much_o slight_v mean_v to_o continue_v the_o crown_n in_o one_o family_n why_o the_o k._n of_o poland_n can_v imitate_v he_o of_o denmark_n not_o unhappy_a because_o he_o can_v secure_v the_o succession_n to_o his_o family_n crown_n and_o court_n officer_n gentleman_n pensioner_n horse-guard_n court_n officer_n in_o lithuania_n and_o in_o several_a province_n chief_z officer_n of_o queen_n court._n principal_a officer_n of_o primate_n court._n what_o peculiar_a to_o he_o the_o senate_n and_o its_o office_n senator_n by_o who_o make_v and_o their_o oath_n four_o to_o attend_v the_o king_n and_o wherefore_o senators_z not_o suffer_v to_o travel_v travel_v vide_fw-la sueton._n cap._n 42._o in_o vita_fw-la jul._n caesar_n &_o tacit_fw-la lib_n 12._o annal._n cap._n 23._o this_o title_n not_o bestow_v by_o its_o self_n senator_n office_n extreme_o prize_v their_o dignity_n their_o division_n and_o subdivision_n diocese_n of_o poland_n peculiar_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o two_o archbishop_n ecclesiastical_a senator_n his_o power_n and_o state_n his_o power_n as_o inter._n rex_fw-la why_o entrust_v so_o much_o his_o see_n two_o other_o bishop_n in_o leopol_n those_o of_o the_o greek_a persuasion_n their_o tenet_n ceremony_n and_o ornoment_n his_o bishopric_n and_o power_n his_o residence_n and_o precedence_n his_o see_n precedence_n and_o authority_n several_a place_n of_o residence_n his_o diocese_n his_o diocese_n his_o jurisdiction_n and_o see_n his_o jurisdiction_n and_o see_n his_o diocese_n here_o be_v a_o greek_a bishop_n likewise_o bishop_n of_o curland_n yet_o have_v no_o see_n his_o precedence_n and_o see_n he_o see_v translate_v and_o wherefore_o honorary_a a_o greek_a bishop_n former_o primate_n of_o moscovy_n honorary_a honorary_a each_o bishop_n have_v a_o kind_a of_o little_a court_n their_o precedence_n in_o the_o diet_n and_o large_a revenue_n religion_n in_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n conversion_n and_o several_a persuasion_n of_o the_o pole_n socinian_o expel_v 1658._o 1673._o lutheran_n and_o calvinist_n and_o other_o religion_n in_o poland_n the_o roman_a catholic_n prevail_v and_o always_o prefer_v privilege_n of_o regular_a clergy_n their_o dissolute_a life_n fast_n how_o observe_v in_o poland_n manner_n of_o the_o secular_a clergy_n the_o pole_n behaviour_n at_o church_n their_o church_n division_n and_o subdivision_n of_o lay_n senator_n palatine_n etc._n etc._n with_o their_o precedence_n 1._o lay-senator_n prefer_v and_o wherefore_o 1130._o 1130._o duglossus_n lib._n 4._o annal._n polon_n p._n 369._o prefer_v for_o what_o reason_n reason_n lib._n 2_o cap._n 3._o p._n 504._o prefer_v and_o why_o wherefore_o prefer_v and_o how_o choose_v honorary_a palatinate_n why_o he_o have_v the_o title_n of_o the_o province_n honorary_a palatinate_n honorary_a palatinate_n former_o seat_n of_o teutonic_n knight_n honorary_a palatinate_n great_a part_n honorary_a honorary_a palatinate_n duty_n and_o office_n of_o palatine_n palatine_n hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o p._n 506._o etc._n etc._n vice_n palatine_n and_o how_o qualify_v duty_n of_o castellan_n their_o division_n qualification_n office_n and_o title_n great_a castellan_n and_o their_o precedence_n lay-senator_n honorary_a honorary_a honorary_a honorary_a lesser_a castellan_n no_o enjoy_n plurality_n of_o office_n castellan_n how_o call_v in_o polish_v the_o ten_o crown-officer_n those_o of_o the_o kingdom_n precede_v lay-senator_n his_o office_n power_n and_o authority_n duty_n and_o privilege_n his_o perquisites_n deputy_n and_o who_o officiate_n in_o case_n of_o absence_n qualification_n of_o these_o of_o the_o kingdom_n kingdom_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o p._n 528._o both_o have_v seal_n and_o equal_a authority_n their_o office_n and_o power_n succeed_v each_o other_o how_o ought_v to_o be_v qualify_v their_o office_n and_o authority_n a_o remarkable_a breach_n of_o trust_n contend_v for_o precedence_n but_o refuse_v it_o extra-senatorial_a officer_n great_a general_n have_v equal_a authority_n their_o power_n and_o duty_n king_n interest_n to_o head_n his_o army_n present_v great_a general_n dignity_n successive_a lieutenant-general_n and_o their_o office_n chief_a commander_n of_o the_o guard_n other_o great_a officer_n in_o the_o army_n camp-notary_n captain_n of_o guard_n against_o incursion_n great_a secretary_n and_o their_o authority_n referendary_n and_o their_o office_n cupbearer_n carver_n sword-bearer_n court-treasurer_n and_o their_o office_n treasurer_n of_o prussia_n associate_n to_o judge_n chief_a notary_n register_n inchancery_n escheator_n commissioner_n of_o custom_n house_n governor_n of_o mine_n governor_n of_o the_o mint_n court-officer_n civil_a officer_n of_o district_n vice-chamberlain_n and_o his_o office_n chamberlain_n judge_n and_o assistant_n prothonotary_n head_n collector_n other_o officer_n and_o why_o so_o call_v military_a officer_n of_o district_n starostas_n with_o jurisdiction_n vice-starostas_a etc._n etc._n jurisdiction_n of_o starostas_n starostas_n without_o jurisdiction_n burgraves_n and_o their_o office_n revenue_n of_o starostaship_n zuppars_n what_o what_o the_o diet_n be_v by_o who_o call_v and_o where_o and_o how_o often_o meet_a manner_n of_o call_v it_o and_o proceed_n thereupon_o where_o the_o little_a diet_n meet_v i._o in_o great_a poland_n poland_n vide_fw-la herburt_n voice_fw-la comitia_fw-la p._n 92._o and_o in_o edit_n polon_n p._n 257._o podlachia_n and_o masovia_n ii_o in_o little-poland_n iii_o in_o lithuania_n iv._o in_o prussia_n v._o in_o russia_n vi_o in_o volhynia_n vii_o in_o samogitia_n qualification_n for_o and_o manner_n of_o vote_v in_o little_a diet_n who_o and_o how_o many_o choose_a deputy_n with_o their_o instruction_n proceed_n in_o little_a diet_n diet_n hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o p._n 682._o etc._n etc._n deputy_n how_o choose_v choose_v hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o p._n 689._o can_v be_v senator_n their_o salary_n when_o first_o send_v vide_fw-la constitut_n an._n 1581._o p._n 375._o their_o general_a meeting_n diet_n divide_v into_o three_o nation_n speaker_n how_o choose_v and_o heat_n thereupon_o how_o occasion_v next_o proceed_v further_o proceed_n reflection_n of_o hauteville_n speaker_n request_v for_o the_o deputy_n his_o authority_n proceed_n in_o the_o low_a house_n conference_n be_v with_o the_o upper_a and_o nuncios_fw-la power_n confirm_v and_o encourage_v their_o privilege_n privilege_n constitut_n an._n 1649._o committee_n how_o long_o sit_v upper_a house_n how_o employ_v manner_n of_o break_v up_o session_n in_o the_o low_a two_o house_n join_v speaker_n power_n devolve_v to_o great_a marshal_n where_o the_o king_n suspend_v his_o opinion_n what_o require_v to_o establish_v a_o law_n where_o it_o can_v be_v print_v session_n of_o the_o diet_n limit_v wherefore_o affair_n treat_v of_o in_o the_o grand_a
diet_n who_o not_o to_o be_v present_a at_o trial_n for_o treason_n naturalisation_n and_o manner_n of_o make_v noble_a in_o poland_n restrain_v in_o some_o respect_n notwith_o stand_v great_a concourse_n at_o the_o diet._n provision_n indifferent_a planty_n notwithstanding_o dangerous_a to_o walk_v a_o night_n visit_n at_o this_o time_n unacceptable_a great_a guard_n of_o some_o gentry_n order_n of_o session_n in_o the_o diet._n member_n wear_v no_o distinguish_a habit_n habit_n hartnoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o p._n 512._o what_o prove_v equality_n among_o polish_v gentry_n intend_a limitation_n of_o vote_n like_o to_o produce_v a_o bad_a effect_n deputy_n awe_v the_o king_n and_o senate_n cause_n of_o disunion_n in_o the_o diet._n foment_v by_o the_o empire_n and_o france_n what_o promote_v foreign_a faction_n member_n not_o to_o give_v reason_n for_o dissent_n to_o any_o bill_n easy_a matter_n to_o annul_v the_o project_n of_o the_o diet._n great_a freedom_n of_o speech_n there_o unhappy_a state_n of_o the_o polish_v government_n policy_n of_o conclude_a matter_n by_o unanimous_a consent_n wonderful_n how_o the_o polish_v government_n can_v subsist_v must_v always_o flourish_v for_o several_a reason_n i._o reason_n ii_o reason_n iii_o reason_n assembly_n of_o the_o convocation_n and_o synod_n in_o poland_n the_o kaptur_n court_n ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o their_o jurisdiction_n court_n of_o nunciature_n gentry_n civil_a court_n high_a tribunal_n the_o senate_n and_o green-cloth_n exchequer_n court_v gentry-court_n not_o free_a from_o appeal_n of_o land-judicature_n with_o its_o judge_n vice-chamberlain_n court_n commissioner_n to_o take_v appeal_n gentry_n criminal_a court_n starostas_n power_n and_o office_n court_n of_o commonalty_n in_o city_n in_o village_n officer_n and_o magistrate_n of_o plebeian_n court_v 〈◊〉_d profit_n military_a jurisdiction_n origin_n progress_n and_o present_a state_n of_o law_n punishment_n in_o poland_n manner_n of_o chastise_v servant_n no_o disgrace_n to_o the_o genty_fw-mi to_o be_v thus_o beat_v crown_n vacant_a have_v many_o way_n diet_n summon_v proceed_n in_o little_a diet_n before_o grand_a session_n who_o officiate_n where_o no_o interregnum_fw-la interregnum_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o p._n 275._o first_o proceed_n proceed_n hartnoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o p._n 291._o 291._o ibid._n lib._n &_o cap._n eodem_fw-la p._n 306._o court_n of_o justice_n cease_v except_o two_o foreign_a minister_n on_o this_o occasion_n notify_v their_o arrival_n and_o how_o receive_v ambassador_n from_o the_o republic_n caution_n to_o foreign_a minister_n deputy_n business_n after_o this_o diet_n diet_n of_o election_n election_n hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o p._n 295._o 295._o ibid._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o p._n eadem_fw-la first_o proceed_n therein_o therein_o piasecius_fw-la ad_fw-la an._n 1632._o p._n 530._o exorbitancy_n examine_v and_o ambassador_n receive_v manner_n of_o receive_v they_o what_o requisite_a in_o foreign_a minister_n diet_n proceed_v to_o election_n further_o particular_n thereof_o great_a concourse_n at_o the_o election_n and_o policy_n to_o bias_n they_o qualification_n require_v in_o a_o candidate_n candidate_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o p._n 309._o to_o 312._o 312._o ibid._n p._n 431._o rule_n observe_v by_o the_o pole_n in_o election_n why_o preserve_v their_o kingdom_n elective_a who_o have_v vote_n and_o who_o not_o the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la when_o take_v by_o ambassador_n by_o who_o draw_v and_o after_o what_o manner_n administer_v the_o form_n and_o several_a article_n a_o article_n violate_v occasional_a article_n ceremony_n of_o the_o king_n swear_v the_o oath_n present_v with_o the_o decree_n of_o election_n concern_v the_o election_n of_o a_o successor_n interest_n of_o foreign_a prince_n to_o oppose_v it_o reason_n for_o and_o against_o such_o a_o election_n the_o king_n have_v no_o regal_a authority_n till_o crown_v crown_v hartknoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o p._n 331._o appoint_v the_o day_n of_o coronation_n coronation_n neugebaver_n hist_o polon_n lib._n 3._o p._n 185._o manner_n of_o his_o enter_v cracow_n with_o other_o ceremony_n obsequy_n of_o decease_a king_n and_o order_n of_o procession_n procession_n piasetius_n in_o chron._n anno_fw-la 1632._o p._n 525._o 525._o hart_n knoch_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o p._n 336._o ceremony_n at_o the_o interment_n day_n of_o corenation_n and_o by_o who_o perform_v perform_v herbert_n tit._n cardinalatus_n p._n 63._o 63._o heidenstein_n lib._n 2._o rerum_fw-la polon_n p._n 95._o procession_n in_o order_n to_o coronation_n ceremony_n at_o the_o coronation_n further_o particular_n of_o the_o ceremony_n of_o coronation_n king_n exhort_v and_o swear_v his_o coronation_n oath_n word_n at_o kiss_v the_o book_n unction_n with_o other_o ceremony_n manner_n of_o crown_v he_o be_v enthrone_v and_o prenounce_v king_n feast_n thereupon_o procession_n to_o receive_v homage_n and_o citizen_n knight_v inter-rex_a resign_v and_o king_n proclaim_v queen_n where_o crown_v and_o where_o not_o place_v of_o their_o coronation_n and_o what_o require_v to_o confirm_v it_o gentry_n only_o capable_a of_o preferment_n commonalty_n incapable_a except_o some_o few_o gentry_n power_n and_o privilege_n can_v be_v apprehend_v till_o convict_v exception_n can_v be_v execute_v without_o the_o king_n consent_n need_v not_o quarter_v soldier_n other_o privilege_n of_o the_o gentry_n need_v not_o pay_v tax_n unless_o oblige_v by_o the_o diet._n privilege_n of_o preemption_n have_v one_o grievance_n notwithstanding_o how_o they_o come_v by_o these_o privilege_n all_o equal_a and_o consesequent_o value_n no_o honour_n title_n of_o prince_n despise_v a_o order_n institute_v but_o undervalue_v what_o dutchy_n in_o poland_n polish_v gentry_n assume_v title_n when_o they_o travel_v farther_o power_n of_o polish_v gentry_n what_o make_v they_o so_o great_a their_o excessive_a grandeur_n and_o magnificence_n mean_v to_o support_v for_o ever_o the_o polish_v republic_n what_o foreign_a ambassador_n be_v oblige_v to_o law_n difference_n decide_v by_o the_o sword_n a_o example_n nature_n of_o descent_n in_o poland_n child_n however_o support_v their_o family_n good_a temper_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o its_o effect_n how_o occasion_v polish_v peasant_n how_o first_o enslave_v live_v satisfy_v notwithstanding_o their_o present_a condition_n enrich_v their_o lord_n how_o establish_v in_o a_o farm_n their_o service_n annex_v thereto_o meet_v to_o reap_v their_o lord_n corn._n their_o manner_n at_o bed_n and_o board_n child_n how_o teach_v to_o go_v habit_n of_o both_o the_o man_n and_o woman_n nobility_n how_o acquire_v in_o poland_n creation_n of_o a_o gentleman_n a_o three_o way_n of_o become_v noble_a three_o way_n of_o forfeit_v it_o in_o what_o case_n restore_v character_n of_o the_o pole_n their_o complexion_n constitution_n etc._n etc._n manner_n of_o the_o polish_v men._n their_o further_a character_n education_n and_o learning_n to_o what_o generaly_a apply_v themselves_o worst_a part_n of_o their_o character_n genius_n how_o incline_v enure_v to_o hardship_n greedy_n of_o money_n manner_n of_o lend_v and_o borrow_v love_n to_o make_v a_o figure_n their_o present_a fashion_n what_o fur_n use_v rustic_n habit_n in_o lithuania_n a_o few_o follow_v the_o french_a mode_n the_o woman_n former_a and_o late_a fashion_n pole_n great_a extravagance_n description_n of_o their_o house_n furniture_n no_o garden_n nor_o orchard_n private_a and_o public_a bath_n with_o their_o effect_n pole_n great_a admirer_n of_o show_n their_o attendant_n woman_n very_o modest_a exception_n woman_n liberty_n restrain_v indifference_n in_o the_o polish_v temper_v what_o exercise_n practise_v polish_v family_n and_o name_n former_o and_o now_o marriage_n and_o their_o duration_n court-marriage_n custom_n thereat_o present_v make_v the_o bride_n espousal_n and_o ceremony_n who_o not_o marry_v without_o dispensation_n burial_n and_o order_n of_o procession_n other_o proceed_n particular_n relate_v to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n innterment_n cause_o of_o j._n casimir_n queen_n death_n manner_n of_o mourn_v in_o poland_n edibles_fw-fr among_o the_o pole_n way_n of_o hunt_v wild_a oxen._n odd_a dainty_n manner_n of_o take_v bear_n other_o sort_n of_o fowl_n what_o fish_n they_o have_v way_n of_o order_v cabbage_n their_o potable_n beer_n of_o what_o quality_n sort_n of_o mead._n and_o of_o wine_n what_o strong_a water_n custom_n in_o eat_v and_o drink_v pottage_n and_o sauce_n pole_n eat_v little_a bread_n crachat_n how_o make_v custom_n at_o feast_n banquet_v hall_n particular_n of_o servant_n manner_n at_o table_n pole_n way_n of_o take_v tobacco_n feast_n make_v by_o turn_n brimmer_n much_o practise_v custom_n in_o travel_v description_n of_o inns._n have_v few_o conveniency_n traveller_n oblige_v to_o carry_v provision_n etc._n etc._n travel_v cheap_a in_o other_o respect_n pole_n manner_n of_o travel_v incommodity_n in_o travel_n how_o remedy_v disturb_v a_o winter_n night_n by_o boor_n danger_n of_o lose_v nose_n manner_n of_o peculiar_a country_n concern_v lithuania_n what_o relate_v to_o court_n of_o justice_n there_o former_a judge_n of_o
priest_n former_o poland_n be_v overrun_v with_o hussites_n picard_n anabaptist_n arrian_n tritheist_n photian_n ebionite_n nestorian_n and_o socinian_o but_o the_o former_a of_o these_o have_v be_v 1658._o some_o time_n since_o extirpated_a and_o the_o socinian_o be_v first_o eject_v by_o john_n casimir_n oblige_v they_o by_o his_o edict_n to_o quit_v the_o kingdom_n immediate_o and_o allow_v they_o three_o year_n to_o dispose_v of_o their_o effect_n these_o three_o year_n be_v afterward_o reduce_v to_o two_o by_o a_o follow_a edict_n but_o notwithstanding_o these_o positive_a law_n several_a of_o this_o sect_n lurk_v about_o in_o the_o kingdom_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o some_o be_v protect_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o gentry_n the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n publish_v a_o new_a 1673._o edict_n more_o severe_a than_o either_o of_o the_o former_a whereby_o the_o socinian_o be_v forthwith_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n calvinist_n i_o must_v not_o omit_v to_o acquaint_v your_o grace_n that_o there_o be_v abundance_n of_o lutheran_n and_o calvinist_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o chief_o in_o the_o province_n of_o regal_a prussia_n who_o have_v all_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n allow_v they_o and_o who_o the_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o tolerate_v and_o protect_v by_o his_o coronation-oath_n the_o lutheran_n be_v call_v by_o the_o pole_n sassowiez_n saxon_n because_o luther_n live_v and_o teach_v in_o saxony_n and_o the_o calvinist_n zborocoi_fw-fr conventicler_n from_o the_o polish_v word_n zbor_n signify_v a_o unlawful_a meeting_n i_o shall_v have_v observe_v that_o the_o prussian_n become_v christian_n after_o the_o pole_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o prussian_n so_o ready_o embrace_v the_o lutheran_n doctrine_n cromerus_n attribute_n to_o their_o be_v chief_o germane_a or_o to_o their_o read_v the_o book_n of_o that_o nation_n the_o first_o polish_v nobleman_n convert_v to_o calvinism_n be_v nicholas_n radzivil_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismundus_n augustus_n who_o receive_v all_o that_o sect_n into_o his_o protection_n at_o his_o house_n at_o viena_n where_o they_o have_v their_o service_n in_o the_o polish_v language_n but_o this_o family_n be_v at_o present_a extinct_a the_o last_o person_n of_o it_o be_v a_o daughter_n and_o marry_v to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburgh_n son_n yet_o nevertheless_o many_o of_o this_o sect_n still_o remain_v in_o poland_n poland_n there_o be_v beside_o armenian_n jew_n and_o tartar_n in_o this_o kingdom_n who_o all_o enjoy_v their_o different_a persuasion_n and_o ceremony_n as_o for_o the_o armenian_n they_o inhabit_v chief_o in_o certain_a town_n of_o russia_n and_o podolia_n and_o have_v their_o peculiar_a prelate_n abbot_n and_o priest_n their_o service_n be_v always_o exercise_v in_o their_o own_o language_n these_o as_o in_o other_o country_n acknowledge_v the_o supremacy_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n the_o jew_n be_v every_o where_o to_o be_v find_v in_o poland_n and_o enjoy_v their_o religion_n and_o other_o privilege_n without_o interruption_n only_o they_o be_v restrain_v from_o trade_v within_o twelve_o league_n of_o warsaw_n by_o the_o constitution_n their_o number_n be_v so_o great_a that_o mr._n patric_n ogleby_n who_o have_v travel_v all_o over_o these_o country_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v above_o two_o million_o of_o they_o in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o they_o be_v so_o privilege_v that_o all_o this_o vast_a body_n pay_v not_o above_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o tinfe_v or_o florence_o a_o year_n to_o the_o state_n which_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o twenty_o thousand_o dollar_n in_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o listhuania_n there_o be_v moreover_o about_o thirty_o thousand_o tartar_n with_o liberty_n of_o the_o turkish_a religion_n they_o have_v be_v there_o near_o six_o hundred_o year_n and_o for_o the_o continuance_n of_o their_o privilege_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o send_v twelve_o hundred_o man_n yearly_o to_o the_o war_n against_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n there_o be_v likewise_o a_o great_a many_o idolater_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o this_o kingdom_n who_o still_o retain_v their_o ancient_a superstition_n whereof_o one_o be_v that_o whenever_o any_o one_o die_v and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o year_n or_o more_o afterward_o that_o another_o die_v likewise_o they_o present_o go_v and_o dig_v up_o the_o first_o body_n and_o cut_v off_o its_o head_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v as_o they_o say_v the_o death_n of_o any_o more_o of_o their_o family_n prevail_v notwithstanding_o poland_n admit_v of_o all_o these_o religion_n yet_o that_o which_o prevail_v most_o be_v the_o roman_n catholic_n which_o the_o pole_n have_v continue_v steadfast_a in_o for_o above_o 700._o year_n they_o be_v so_o zealous_a in_o the_o maintain_n of_o this_o faith_n that_o they_o have_v a_o custom_n to_o draw_v their_o sword_n at_o the_o read_n of_o the_o gospel_n at_o mass_n and_o this_o to_o testify_v their_o readiness_n to_o defend_v it_o also_o they_o be_v so_o bigoted_a to_o their_o persuasion_n that_o they_o former_o will_v not_o intermarry_a with_o heretic_n as_o they_o call_v they_o contract_v any_o alliance_n with_o they_o accept_v of_o their_o assistance_n in_o war_n nor_o receive_v any_o of_o their_o sceptre_n offer_v they_o a_o example_n of_o which_o last_o we_o have_v in_o the_o person_n of_o jugello_n or_o vladislaus_n v._n who_o reject_v the_o crown_n of_o bohemia_n mere_o because_o the_o hussites_n have_v then_o overrun_v that_o kingdom_n also_o in_o john_n casimir_n reign_n the_o swede_n be_v altogether_o eject_v poland_n on_o account_n of_o their_o be_v lutheran_n prefer_v the_o pole_n be_v thus_o zealous_a for_o the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n they_o will_v admit_v none_o into_o their_o senate_n diet_n or_o court_n of_o judicature_n except_o in_o those_o of_o prussia_n but_o of_o that_o persuasion_n also_o bishop_n always_o preside_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o state_n to_o the_o end_n that_o nothing_o may_v be_v transact_v there_o in_o prejudice_n of_o that_o faith_n the_o lesser_a clergy_n likewise_o select_v out_o of_o the_o several_a college_n and_o chapter_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v appoint_v to_o have_v seat_n in_o the_o tribunal_n and_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v oftentimes_o bishop_n and_o the_o great_a secretary_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n have_v always_o be_v a_o ecclesiastic_a clergy_n the_o regular_a clergy_n in_o poland_n be_v general_o more_o esteem_v than_o the_o secular_a for_o they_o can_v perform_v all_o the_o office_n of_o parish_n priest_n without_o have_v permission_n from_o the_o bishop_n and_o friar_n mendicant_n be_v allow_v to_o enter_v the_o most_o private_a part_n of_o any_o house_n without_o so_o much_o as_o knock_n at_o the_o door_n there_o be_v all_o sort_n of_o religious_a order_n in_o poland_n except_o those_o of_o carthusian_n and_o minim_n life_n these_o regular_a clergy_n be_v general_o very_o rich_a but_o not_o less_o dissolute_a and_o immodest_a for_o they_o frequent_o go_v into_o the_o cellar_n to_o drink_v be_v the_o tipple_a place_n of_o this_o country_n and_o sometime_o you_o shall_v see_v many_o of_o they_o so_o drink_v in_o the_o street_n that_o they_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o go_v upon_o their_o leg_n and_o this_o without_o either_o their_o superior_n or_o the_o people_n take_v any_o notice_n of_o they_o poland_n on_o fast-day_n these_o religious_a person_n and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o pole_n abstain_v from_o milk-meat_n egg_n flesh_n and_o boil_a fish_n a-nights_n only_a for_o provide_v they_o keep_v to_o these_o rule_n at_o that_o time_n they_o may_v eat_v and_o drink_v what_o they_o please_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n only_a fryday_n and_o saturday_n they_o forbear_v butter_n cheese_n milk_n and_o egg_n all_o the_o day_n long_o they_o can_v be_v incline_v to_o eat_v butter_n or_o cheese_n on_o fast-day_n though_o they_o have_v permission_n from_o the_o church_n for_o when_o cardinal_n radziouski_n once_o obtain_v they_o that_o liberty_n from_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n they_o absolute_o refuse_v it_o say_v that_o his_o holiness_n be_v a_o heretic_n this_o rigid_a custom_n they_o have_v observe_v ever_o since_o the_o pope_n make_v they_o once_o fast_o for_o a_o hundred_o year_n together_o for_o some_o enormous_a crime_n and_o which_o it_o may_v be_v they_o do_v not_o think_v yet_o sufficient_o expiate_v they_o also_o be_v so_o obstinate_a in_o their_o abstain_v from_o flesh_n that_o they_o will_v not_o eat_v any_o though_o they_o be_v sick_a and_o advise_v thereto_o by_o their_o doctor_n and_o permit_v by_o their_o priest_n clergy_n as_o for_o the_o secular_a inferior_a clergy_n they_o be_v either_o collegiate_n or_o parochial_a and_o both_o be_v much_o after_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o with_o we_o the_o canon_n be_v never_o almost_o present_a at_o the_o office_n for_o they_o
king_n revenue_n arise_v within_o their_o district_n and_o may_v discount_n a_o four_o part_n for_o their_o trouble_n jurisdiction_n the_o starostas_fw-la without_o jurisdiction_n be_v those_o who_o be_v proper_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o exercise_v justice_n unless_o in_o very_o slight_a case_n office_n burgraves_n and_o tribune_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o castle_n fort_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v to_o keep_v constant_a guard_n there_o either_o by_o themselves_o or_o their_o deputy_n these_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o starostas_fw-la starostaship_n the_o revenue_n of_o starostaship_n partly_o arise_v from_o agriculture_n and_o partly_o from_o manufacture_n and_o handicraft_n they_o have_v be_v sometime_o know_v to_o have_v be_v mortgage_v to_o raise_v the_o king_n revenue_n more_o speedy_o especial_o those_o without_o jurisdiction_n what_o here_o likewise_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o mine_n call_v zuppars_n in_o polish_v may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o who_o have_v divers_a officer_n and_o substitute_n under_o they_o the_o minor_a ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a officer_n and_o person_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v in_o all_o respect_n like_v to_o those_o of_o other_o nation_n i_o have_v purposely_o omit_v they_o thus_o my_o lord_n i_o have_v go_v through_o the_o several_a particular_n which_o i_o propose_v to_o entertain_v your_o grace_n and_o the_o public_a with_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n can_v but_o be_v high_o sensible_a of_o my_o presumption_n in_o prefix_v your_o great_a name_n to_o so_o imperfect_a a_o account_n therefore_o hope_v your_o grace_n pardon_n upon_o a_o humble_a acknowledgement_n i_o beg_v leave_v to_o subscribe_v myself_o my_o lord_n your_o grace_n most_o obedient_a and_o most_o humble_a servant_n j._n s._n letter_n iii_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a james_n vernon_n esq_n principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n of_o the_o grand_a diet_n little_a diet_n and_o other_o general_a assembly_n in_o poland_n with_o a_o account_n of_o all_o the_o several_a court_n of_o justice_n from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a as_o likewise_o of_o the_o judge_n law_n and_o punishment_n in_o that_o kingdom_n sir_n a._n the_o present_a king_n in_o his_o throne_n bb._n the_o ten_o crown_n officer_n c._n the_o a_o bp._n of_o gnesna_n with_o the_o the_o cross_n bear_v behind_o he_o dddd_n the_o other_o ecclesiastical_a senator_n eeeee_o foreign_a ambassador_n admit_v only_o to_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n ffffff_n the_o palatine_n &_o castellan_n in_o the_o three_o row_v on_o each_o side_n gggggg_n the_o deputy_n s_o in_o the_o two_o back_n row_v on_o each_o side_n h._n the_o nuncio_n martial_n or_o speaker_n of_o deputy_n s._n four_o vacant_a seat_n for_o such_o other_o as_o be_v sometime_o admit_v 1._o the_o arm_n of_o poland_n 2._o the_o arm_n of_o lithuania_n sir_n be_v the_o grand_a diet_n or_o parliament_n of_o poland_n by_o the_o native_n call_v seym_n walny_n be_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o king_n senators_z and_o nuncio_n or_o deputy_n of_o every_o province_n meet_v together_o in_o any_o city_n or_o town_n of_o poland_n or_o lithuania_n in_o order_n to_o deliberate_v upon_o state_n affair_n and_o the_o mean_n to_o secure_v and_o preserve_v the_o kingdom_n both_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war._n meet_a it_o be_v the_o king_n or_o during_o a_o inter_fw-la regnum_fw-la the_o primate_n who_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o convoke_v this_o great_a assembly_n as_o likewise_o to_o determine_v the_o place_n where_o and_o the_o time_n when_o it_o shall_v sit_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o call_v a_o diet_n every_o three_o year_n and_o of_o every_o three_o successive_o call_v two_o must_v be_v hold_v in_o poland_n most_o common_o at_o warsaw_n and_o the_o three_o in_o lithuania_n in_o the_o city_n of_o grodno_n in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o troki_n twenty_o league_n from_o vilna_n capital_a of_o this_o great_a duchy_n so_o that_o every_o nine_o year_n the_o king_n with_o all_o the_o senator_n and_o deputy_n of_o the_o kingdom_n go_v into_o lithuania_n and_o every_o three_o the_o senator_n and_o deputy_n of_o lithuania_n come_v into_o poland_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o diet_n be_v be_v hold_v in_o lithuania_n be_v because_o the_o lithuanian_n complain_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a inconvenient_a for_o they_o to_o come_v so_o far_o as_o poland_n thereupon_o when_o the_o king_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o convoke_v this_o general_a meeting_n he_o be_v to_o send_v out_o circular_a letter_n six_o week_n before_o the_o time_n he_o appoint_v for_o its_o session_n by_o the_o constitution_n in_o the_o year_n 1613._o to_o all_o the_o palatine_n of_o the_o province_n acquaint_v they_o with_o his_o design_n together_o with_o the_o time_n he_o intend_v it_o shall_v meet_v he_o send_v they_o likewise_o a_o list_n of_o all_o the_o affair_n and_o article_n which_o be_v to_o be_v treat_v of_o in_o that_o diet._n whereupon_o every_o palatin_n or_o his_o deputy_n in_o his_o own_o respective_a government_n forthwith_o dispatch_v notice_n to_o all_o the_o castellan_n starostas_n and_o other_o gentry_n require_v they_o at_o a_o certain_a time_n to_o meet_v together_o in_o order_n to_o deliberate_v on_o the_o article_n and_o affair_n propose_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n as_o likewise_o to_o choose_v a_o nuncio_n or_o deputy_n to_o represent_v their_o intention_n and_o decision_n in_o the_o great_a diet._n these_o letter_n be_v proclaim_v by_o a_o herald_n call_v by_o the_o pole_n wozny_n and_o afterward_o past_v up_o upon_o all_o the_o town-gate_n and_o church-door_n these_o assembly_n in_o the_o province_n be_v term_v by_o they_o comitiola_n in_o the_o polish_v language_n seymiki_n or_o little_a diet_n in_o case_n of_o extremity_n six_o week_n notice_n need_v not_o be_v give_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o year_n 1638._o meet_v the_o several_a place_n these_o little_a diet_n meet_v at_o be_v as_o follow_v poland_n in_o lower_n or_o great_a poland_n in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o posuan_n and_o kalisch_n siradia_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o sroda_n schadkow_n in_o the_o castellany_n of_o vielunia_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o vielun_n in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o lanschet_fw-mi bresty_n and_o inowlocz_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o lanschet_fw-mi radzieiow_n appoint_a by_o the_o 257._o constitution_n in_o the_o year_n 1510._o in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o dobrina_n the_o little_a diet_n meet_v in_o the_o town_n of_o ripin_n appoint_a by_o the_o constitution_n in_o the_o year_n 1567._o in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o plosko_fw-mi rava_n in_o three_o place_n in_o the_o city_n &_o town_n of_o radzanow_n rava_n sochaczow_n gombin_n podlachia_n masovia_n in_o the_o province_n of_o podlachia_n in_o three_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o droghiczin_n mielnik_n bransko_n masovia_n in_o ten_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o cirna_n warsaw_n wisna_n wissegrod_n zakrol_n ciekanow_n lombze_n rozan_n liw_n and_o nur._n little-poland_n in_o the_o province_n of_o upper_a or_o little_o poland_n in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o cracovia_n in_o two_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o zator_n for_o the_o duchy_n of_o oswieczin_n and_o prossovia_n for_o the_o palatinate_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o year_n 1667._o in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o sendomir_n and_o lublin_n in_o the_o city_n &_o town_n of_o opatow_n and_o lublin_n lithuania_n in_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o vilna_n in_o four_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o vilna_n osmian_n wilcomitz_n braclaw_n troki_n in_o five_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o troki_n grodno_n cowno_n lida_n ponienwiez_n polocz_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o polocz_n novogrodec_n in_o two_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o slonim_n wolkowizko_n witebsko_fw-mi in_o two_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o witebsko_n orska_n briescia_n or_o polesia_n in_o two_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o briescia_n pinsko_n mscislaw_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o msceislaw_n minsk_n in_o three_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o minsk_n modzir_fw-it reczycza_fw-it prussia_n in_o the_o province_n of_o prussia_n in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o pomerania_n marienburg_n culm_n elbing_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o imprimis_fw-la in_o all_o the_o district_n then_o in_o stargar-stuma_a die_v michalovia_n and_o graudentz_n elbing_n russia_n in_o the_o province_n of_o russia_n in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o russia_n in_o five_o place_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o leopol_n praemislaw_n sanoch_n halitz_n chelm_fw-ge belsko_fw-mi podolia_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o belsko_n caminiec_fw-la since_o caminiec_n be_v take_v by_o the_o turk_n its_o little_a diet_n meet_v at_o leopol_n in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o kiovia_n braclaw_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o
the_o little_a and_o poor_a sort_n think_v it_o no_o disgrace_n to_o serve_v they_o that_o can_v maintain_v they_o it_o be_v true_a the_o gentleman_n they_o serve_v be_v common_o very_o civil_a to_o they_o for_o the_o elder_a of_o they_o general_o eat_v with_o he_o at_o table_n with_o his_o cap_n off_o and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v a_o peasant-boy_n to_o wait_v on_o he_o which_o the_o master_n maintain_v yet_o if_o any_o one_o of_o these_o gentlemen-servant_n neglect_v his_o duty_n his_o master_n punish_v he_o severe_o though_o he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o take_v away_o his_o life_n because_o he_o be_v a_o gentleman_n but_o he_o may_v get_v he_o whip_v naked_a with_o a_o certain_a formality_n which_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o republic_n it_o may_v not_o be_v here_o amiss_o to_o observe_v to_o your_o lordship_n some_o few_o maxim_n whereby_o the_o republic_n of_o poland_n may_v always_o subsist_v and_o the_o gentry_n retain_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n first_o by_o reduce_v all_o the_o gentry_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o a_o equal_a authority_n in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n and_o other_o public_a deliberation_n by_o which_o the_o king_n or_o senate_n will_v be_v deprive_v of_o a_o power_n of_o raise_v any_o considerable_a faction_n and_o the_o grandee_n be_v discourage_v from_o affect_v and_o hunt_v after_o foreign_a title_n which_o common_o ensnare_v they_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o country_n second_o by_o keep_v up_o the_o free_a choice_n of_o their_o nuncios_fw-la which_o will_v disable_v the_o court_n and_o senate_n from_o get_v their_o creature_n elect_v to_o the_o utter_a abrogate_a of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o gentry_n wherein_o the_o pole_n now_o follow_v the_o prudent_a example_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n three_o by_o preserve_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o gentry_n appear_v in_o great_a number_n at_o the_o diet_n which_o animate_v both_o the_o senate_n and_o deputy_n in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o affair_n 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it_o though_o the_o wether_n be_v never_o so_o hot_a so_o that_o stranger_n choose_v rather_o to_o lie_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a stable_a where_o the_o gospodarz_n or_o innkeeper_n lodge_v himself_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n than_o to_o be_v suffocate_v by_o the_o stink_n and_o smell_v of_o so_o close_a and_o small_a a_o room_n in_o the_o long_a room_n likewise_o there_o be_v a_o intolerable_a smell_n occasion_v by_o a_o parcel_n of_o rot_a cabbage_n which_o those_o people_n always_o keep_v by_o they_o and_o this_o though_o it_o may_v be_v agreeable_a enough_o to_o the_o native_n who_o be_v use_v to_o it_o yet_o to_o stranger_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v very_o offensive_a conveniency_n in_o these_o inn_n or_o stable_n there_o be_v no_o table_n or_o bed_n except_o one_o of_o the_o last_o in_o the_o little_a room_n before_o mention_v but_o however_o scarce_o any_o body_n care_v to_o lie_v in_o it_o because_o they_o can_v have_v no_o sheet_n but_o what_o be_v very_a coarse_a and_o 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the_o title_n and_o duchy_n of_o prussia_n think_v himself_o oblige_v in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o order_n to_o enter_v protestation_n against_o it_o he_o resign_v his_o office_n to_o the_o chapter_n after_o 8_o year_n administration_n 1587._o the_o thirty_o nine_o great_a master_n of_o this_o order_n and_o administrator_n of_o prussia_n be_v maximilian_n archduke_n of_o austria_n who_o have_v earnest_o solicit_v the_o elector_n for_o that_o charge_n and_o offer_v to_o wear_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o order_n afterward_o be_v invite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n this_o order_n be_v in_o great_a hope_n of_o be_v restore_v to_o their_o dominion_n of_o prussia_n but_o upon_o his_o be_v defeat_v by_o sigismond_n iii_o they_o soon_o lose_v all_o those_o hope_n he_o nevertheless_o continue_v their_o great_a master_n and_o be_v a_o brave_a prince_n be_v name_v for_o their_o general_n against_o the_o turk_n in_o hungary_n when_o he_o have_v a_o company_n of_o guard_n all_o knight_n of_o the_o order_n he_o hold_v his_o administration_n 34_o year_n and_o end_v his_o day_n at_o inspruck_a where_o he_o be_v likewise_o bury_v 1619._o the_o fourti_v great_a master_n be_v charles_n archduke_n of_o austria_n who_o after_o 5_o year_n regency_n die_v at_o madrid_n whither_o he_o have_v be_v invite_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o go_v his_o viceroy_n into_o portugal_n 1624._o the_o forty_o first_o great_a master_n be_v john_n eustache_n de_fw-fr westernach_n who_o be_v elect_v at_o mergentheim_n the_o 19_o of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 1625_o and_o die_v 82_o year_n old_a in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1627._o 1627._o the_o forty_o second_v great_a master_n be_v gaspard_n the_o stadion_a provincial_a commander_n of_o alsace_n and_o burgundy_n and_o particular_a commander_n of_o altschausen_n he_o after_o have_v govern_v this_o order_n with_o great_a reputation_n for_o fourteen_o year_n desire_v the_o chapter_n to_o elect_a leopold_n william_n arch_a duke_n of_o austria_n for_o his_o coadjutor_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o his_o office_n and_o which_o be_v do_v he_o give_v he_o the_o cross_n of_o prussia_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o his_o consent_n 1644._o the_o forty_o third_n great_a master_n be_v this_o leopold_n william_n who_o succeed_v stadion_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o former_a election_n he_o govern_v this_o order_n alone_o to_o the_o year_n 1662._o when_o he_o die_v at_o vienna_n the_o 20_o of_o november_n and_o be_v bury_v there_o the_o same_o year_n the_o chapter_n be_v convene_v and_o will_v have_v choose_v charles_n joseph_n archduke_n of_o austria_n to_o have_v succeed_v leopold_n william_n his_o brother_n but_o he_o die_v the_o same_o year_n and_o thereby_o their_o design_n be_v frustrate_v 1664._o afterward_o the_o chapter_n be_v assemble_v at_o mergentheim_n in_o the_o year_n 1664_o choose_v for_o their_o forty_o four_o great_a master_n one_o of_o their_o own_o knight_n call_v john_n gaspard_n of_o ambringens_n 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last_o will_n and_o testament_n of_o his_o queen_n hedwigis_fw-la and_o the_o latter_a at_o vilna_n be_v at_o first_o but_o a_o academy_n found_v by_o king_n stephen_n but_o afterward_o be_v erect_v into_o a_o university_n by_o pope_n gregory_n xiii_o at_o the_o request_n of_o valerian_n bishop_n of_o that_o city_n who_o have_v very_o much_o augment_v the_o college_n and_o endowment_n there_o in_o both_o these_o university_n the_o chief_a study_n be_v to_o speak_v good_a latin_a for_o as_o to_o all_o part_n of_o polite_a learning_n the_o pole_n be_v not_o so_o curious_a as_o in_o other_o country_n yet_o have_v they_o a_o great_a many_o that_o will_v write_v good_a verse_n for_o their_o genius_n be_v mighty_o bend_v that_o way_n and_o beside_o they_o be_v very_o apt_a to_o quote_v classic_a author_n in_o their_o discourse_n and_o this_o particular_o when_o they_o get_v drink_v which_o be_v very_o frequent_o their_o poet_n sarbievius_n casimir_n be_v no_o small_a ornament_n to_o his_o country_n who_o in_o his_o ode_n have_v endeavour_v to_o imitate_v horace_n and_o
friar_n that_o have_v order_n to_o see_v it_o do_v or_o it_o will_v certain_o have_v be_v effect_v notwithstanding_o her_o majesty_n be_v admonish_v to_o the_o contrary_n common_a the_o plica_fw-la be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o more_o common_o in_o lithuania_n than_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v so_o entire_o peculiar_a to_o this_o kingdom_n that_o none_o of_o the_o border_a country_n have_v it_o as_o muscovy_n tartary_n etc._n etc._n jew_n the_o cure_n of_o this_o distemper_n be_v often_o effect_v by_o one_o dr._n ionas_n a_o jew_n and_o physician_n to_o the_o late_a king_n of_o poland_n after_o this_o manner_n he_o salivate_v his_o patient_n by_o friction_n and_o unction_n and_o afterward_o cut_v off_o the_o hair_n without_o any_o dangerous_a consequence_n this_o disease_n be_v often_o accompany_v with_o the_o alopecia_n or_o fall_v off_o of_o the_o hair_n question_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o plica_fw-la the_o pole_n give_v this_o account_n they_o say_v that_o 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he_o have_v the_o plica_fw-la and_o that_o upon_o cut_v it_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n he_o become_v dim-sighted_a for_o some_o considerable_a time_n and_o withal_o feel_v several_a pain_n and_o contortion_n in_o his_o limb_n he_o tell_v he_o moreover_o that_o he_o find_v divers_a seem_a incurvation_n of_o his_o bone_n afterward_o the_o hair_n grow_v again_o it_o begin_v to_o mat_n as_o before_o but_o however_o he_o be_v forbid_v both_o by_o his_o parent_n and_o his_o tutor_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o same_o remedy_n to_o get_v rid_v of_o it_o during_o which_o time_n his_o pain_n total_o leave_v he_o but_o at_o length_n be_v weary_a of_o so_o loathsome_a a_o companion_n he_o secret_o cut_v off_o his_o hair_n again_o when_o immediate_o the_o former_a symptom_n begin_v to_o return_v with_o great_a violence_n than_o ever_o hereupon_o all_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o house_n be_v caution_v against_o let_v he_o have_v either_o knife_n or_o scissors_n for_o the_o future_a to_o do_v 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of_o his_o hair_n which_o he_o say_v in_o its_o passage_n very_o much_o frizzle_a and_o contract_v his_o lock_n he_o moreover_o affirm_v that_o when_o he_o put_v a_o cap_n upon_o his_o head_n it_o occasion_v he_o intolerable_a heat_n and_o pain_n by_o reason_n say_v he_o that_o the_o pressure_n thereof_o repel_v the_o eruption_n and_o force_v back_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o disease_n upon_o his_o head_n canular_a from_o this_o account_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o posnania_n beside_o what_o we_o know_v already_o by_o microscope_n it_o evident_o appear_v that_o every_o hair_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o little_a tube_n through_o which_o the_o nourishment_n as_o well_o as_o those_o steam_n he_o mention_v may_v be_v reasonable_o suppose_v to_o pass_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n cure_n the_o other_o disease_n peculiar_a to_o the_o pole_n be_v the_o rose_n which_o hauteville_n say_v be_v a_o sort_n of_o erysipelas_n chief_o show_v its_o self_n in_o the_o face_n they_o be_v accustom_a to_o cure_v this_o distemper_n by_o apply_v powder_n of_o white_a chalk_n to_o the_o part_n affect_v without_o let_v blood_n for_o they_o look_v upon_o that_o to_o be_v dangerous_a if_o not_o mortal_a in_o this_o case_n sir_n what_o particular_n have_v be_v here_o compile_v for_o your_o diversion_n i_o hope_v may_v be_v favourable_o receive_v as_o they_o be_v tender_v with_o all_o imaginable_a respect_n by_o sir_n your_o most_o obedient_a humble_a servant_n j._n s._n letter_n x._o to_o the_o honourable_a mr._n bridge_n elder_a son_n to_o my_o lord_n chandois_n and_o fellow_n of_o the_o royal-society_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o curland_n its_o present_a state_n and_o government_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o origin_n and_o progress_n of_o the_o livonian_a order_n comprehend_v the_o several_a succession_n of_o its_o knight_n down_o to_o gothotre_v ketler_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o curland_n as_o also_o a_o succinct_a relation_n of_o the_o several_a administration_n of_o this_o duke_n and_o his_o successor_n sir_n i_o hope_v the_o addressing_z this_o follow_a letter_n to_o you_o need_v no_o apology_n since_o you_o be_v at_o first_o design_v to_o bear_v a_o part_n in_o the_o patronage_n of_o this_o history_n what_o your_o great_a merit_n entitle_v you_o to_o i_o shall_v not_o pretend_v to_o determine_v here_o reserve_v that_o honour_n for_o a_o more_o favourable_a opportunity_n and_o a_o better_a subject_n or_o at_o least_o a_o more_o correct_a performance_n sir_n the_o follow_a account_n be_v only_o the_o product_n of_o a_o hasty_a compilation_n gather_v out_o of_o a_o confuse_a account_n of_o this_o country_n which_o i_o can_v only_o meet_v with_o in_o book_n but_o however_o if_o there_o be_v any_o beauty_n discover_v they_o be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o ingenious_a baron_fw-fr blomberg_n his_o late_a highness_n the_o duke_n of_o curland_n minister_n who_o by_o mean_n of_o dr._n connor_n have_v furnish_v i_o with_o some_o short_a account_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n in_o that_o duchy_n his_o authority_n i_o presume_v will_v not_o be_v question_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o suppose_a knowledge_n of_o those_o matter_n a_o much_o far_a account_n be_v promise_v by_o and_o expect_v from_o he_o but_o the_o urgency_n of_o time_n a_o consideration_n too_o much_o regard_v by_o bookseller_n require_v this_o abrupt_a publication_n curland_n sir_n the_o duchy_n of_o curland_n which_o comprehend_v the_o province_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n and_o west_n by_o the_o baltic_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n by_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n and_o on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o duchy_n and_o province_n of_o samogitia_n in_o length_n it_o be_v about_o 50_o great_a german_a league_n compute_v from_o memel_fw-la in_o prussia_n to_o riga_n in_o livonia_n and_o reckon_n at_o least_o six_o prussian_a league_n to_o a_o mile_n the_o breadth_n be_v different_a from_o the_o baltic_a to_o lithuania_n and_o samogitia_n be_v in_o some_o place_n 30_o and_o in_o other_o but_o 24_o league_n broad_a and_o moreover_o in_o some_o place_n less_o state_n this_o duchy_n be_v a_o plain_a champion_n fruitful_a country_n and_o have_v always_o be_v well_o inhabit_a it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o livonia_n and_o when_o under_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n be_v the_o better_a half_n of_o it_o but_o now_o its_o limit_n be_v not_o a_o little_a abridge_v some_o have_v divide_v livonia_n into_o regal_a and_o ducal_z the_o former_a at_o present_a be_v under_o the_o king_n of_o sueden_n and_o the_o latter_a under_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n former_o about_o the_o ixth_o century_n this_o last_o be_v likewise_o subject_a to_o sueden_n but_o than_o it_o pay_v only_o a_o certain_a tribute_n for_o it_o be_v never_o enter_v upon_o by_o the_o swede_n some_o author_n have_v affirm_v it_o to_o be_v a_o peninsula_n but_o those_o be_v easy_o confute_v conquer_a
and_o those_o of_o curland_n on_o the_o other_o after_o this_o the_o envoy_n be_v permit_v to_o sit_v down_o to_o cover_v his_o head_n and_o have_v great_a civility_n pay_v he_o power_n this_o duke_n have_v all_o the_o regalia_z that_o the_o german_a sovereign_a prince_n have_v he_o coin_n money_n in_o his_o own_o name_n and_o have_v high_a and_o low_a justice_n over_o the_o nobleman_n of_o his_o country_n only_o in_o some_o extraordinary_a case_n appeal_n may_v be_v make_v to_o the_o court_n of_o poland_n court_n he_o have_v great_a demesn_n of_o which_o his_o revenue_n chief_o consist_v and_o keep_v a_o very_a pretty_a court_n have_v all_o his_o great_a officer_n as_o other_o prince_n have_v the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v officer_n the_o landhoff-meist_a or_o chief_a minister_n the_o high_a chancellor_n the_o supreme_a marshal_n and_o the_o supreme_a burgrave_n these_o be_v the_o four_o great_a state_n officer_n the_o more_o inferior_a be_v the_o councillor_n of_o state_n which_o be_v the_o supreme_a starostas_n whereof_o two_o be_v for_o curland_n viz._n the_o supreme_a starostas_n of_o goldingen_n and_o tuczkon_n and_o two_o for_o semigallia_n viz._n the_o supreme_a starostas_n of_o mittaw_n and_o selburg_n stagostas_n these_o staâ—ostas_n ought_v all_o to_o be_v noble_a native_n and_o landed-man_n next_o follow_v the_o governor_n of_o place_n military-officer_n etc._n etc._n gentry_n the_o gentry_n of_o this_o country_n be_v very_o ancient_a and_o very_a free_a be_v exceed_o jealous_a of_o suffer_v any_o upstart_n nobleman_n to_o come_v among_o they_o esteem_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o ancient_a family_n and_o creation_n order_n before_o i_o proceed_v to_o give_v a_o far_a account_n of_o this_o country_n i_o must_v add_v a_o word_n or_o two_o more_o concern_v the_o livonian_a order_n and_o which_o i_o can_v not_o have_v do_v before_o unless_o i_o have_v break_v the_o chain_n of_o the_o connection_n choose_v the_o provincial_a master_n of_o this_o order_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o great_a chapter_n of_o prussia_n whereupon_o when_o in_o the_o year_n 1439._o the_o livonian_a knight_n have_v elect_v one_o henry_n a_o bukenode_n for_o their_o master_n they_o be_v force_v to_o give_v a_o reason_n for_o their_o have_v so_o do_v and_o notwithstanding_o be_v afterward_o oblige_v to_o submit_v to_o a_o new_a election_n in_o prussia_n comendador_n next_o the_o provincial_a master_n of_o the_o livonian_a order_n be_v the_o marshal_n of_o the_o order_n after_o who_o come_v the_o several_a commendador_n and_o the_o advocate_n the_o commendador_n be_v in_o number_n eleven_o whereof_o the_o two_o first_o be_v in_o curland_n and_o the_o three_o in_o semigallia_n order_n the_o advocate_n be_v nine_o two_o have_v be_v of_o curland_n and_o one_o of_o semigallia_n these_o knight_n have_v the_o title_n of_o the_o order_n of_o sword-bearer_n and_o their_o habit_n arm_n be_v a_o white_a mantle_n with_o a_o sword_n on_o the_o breast_n in_o pale_a and_o a_o star_n gules_a in_o chief_a but_o after_o their_o join_n with_o the_o teutonick_n order_n they_o have_v likewise_o their_o habit_n and_o cross_n curland_n for_o a_o geographical_a description_n of_o this_o country_n i_o must_v acquaint_v you_o sir_n that_o the_o two_o dutchy_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n have_v these_o several_a principal_a city_n and_o town_n for_o i_o can_v meet_v with_o any_o sub-division_n into_o jalatinate_n or_o district_n as_o i_o have_v perform_v in_o poland_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o curland_n be_v the_o several_a city_n and_o town_n of_o goldingen_n cap._n vinda_n bish_n pilten_n liba_n erdwalen_n angermund_n grubin_n tuczkon_v frawenburg_n vschwend_n talsen_n candaw_n durben_n hasenpot_n and_o oendange_v goldingen_n of_o all_o which_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v goldingen_n in_o latin_a goldinga_n a_o city_n that_o stand_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n weet_v about_o seven_o german_a mile_n from_o vinda_n or_o windaw_n to_o the_o west_n and_o near_o fifteen_o from_o mittaw_n in_o semigallia_n to_o the_o east_n this_o city_n have_v a_o large_a jurisdiction_n vinda_n vinda_n or_o windaw_n call_v by_o the_o pole_n kiescz_n be_v a_o city_n and_o palatinate_n it_o have_v a_o castle_n knight_n build_v on_o the_o seashore_n and_o which_o be_v former_o residence_n to_o the_o livonian_a knight_n as_o likewise_o the_o place_n where_o they_o convene_v their_o parliament_n or_o general_n assembly_n now_o it_o have_v usual_o a_o garrison_n of_o pole_n but_o which_o be_v nevertheless_o under_o command_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n this_o city_n be_v one_o of_o the_o seaport_n of_o curland_n the_o other_o be_v liba_n pilten_n pilten_a be_v a_o town_n and_o palatinate_n of_o this_o duchy_n who_o gentry_n be_v protestant_n and_o offer_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n protection_n he_o endeavour_v to_o re-establish_a a_o popish_a bishop_n there_o this_o have_v former_o be_v a_o catholic_n bishopric_n who_o land_n they_o then_o possess_v whereupon_o they_o alter_v their_o resolution_n and_o forthwith_o submit_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n curland_n these_o be_v the_o rich_a gentry_n in_o this_o prince_n dominion_n whereof_o the_o principal_a family_n be_v those_o of_o maydel_n beher_n sacken_n mandevil_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o semigallia_n be_v the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o mittaw_n metropolis_n of_o these_o dominion_n bauske_n doblin_n selburg_n radziwiliski_n nithaw_n birze_n pozwole_v lunka_n dalen_n schudding_n pilkall_n beher_n nersten_a and_o salatt_n of_o all_o which_o the_o capital_a of_o this_o duchy_n and_o metropolis_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n dominion_n be_v mittaw_n mittaw_fw-mi in_o latin_a mittavia_n or_o mittovia_n the_o usual_a place_n of_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n this_o city_n be_v build_v on_o the_o river_n musza_n and_o be_v a_o pretty_a large_a place_n contain_v about_o twelve_o thousand_o inhabitant_n it_o have_v a_o weak_a wall_n though_o nevertheless_o a_o well_o castle_n fortify_v and_o stately_a castle_n with_o two_o bastion_n which_o be_v surround_v by_o marsh_n and_o defend_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o numerous_a garrison_n house_n the_o street_n of_o this_o city_n be_v not_o pave_v for_o want_v of_o stone_n and_o the_o citizen_n house_n be_v either_o of_o brick_n or_o timber_n as_o in_o poland_n place_n this_o place_n lie_v about_o seven_o polish_v miles_n from_o riga_n in_o regal_a livonia_n and_o only_o four_o from_o the_o prontier_n of_o samogitia_n conquer_a it_o have_v be_v twice_o take_v of_o late_a by_o the_o swede_n but_o have_v be_v since_o regain_v and_o be_v at_o present_a whole_o subject_a to_o its_o duke_n bauske_n bauske_n another_o strong_a city_n in_o this_o duchy_n which_o have_v a_o well_o fortify_v castle_n and_o a_o numerous_a garrison_n curland_n the_o religion_n of_o this_o country_n be_v general_o lutheran_n though_o there_o be_v some_o few_o roman_a catholic_n and_o calvinist_n there_o church_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o first_o the_o late_a duke_n at_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n request_n give_v leave_v for_o the_o build_n of_o two_o roman_n catholic_n church_n one_o at_o mittaw_n and_o the_o other_o at_o goldingen_n the_o jesuit_n pretend_v to_o have_v buy_v this_o cureteship_n of_o mittaw_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n to_o have_v settle_v there_o but_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v frequent_o oppress_v and_o their_o college_n be_v break_v down_o not_o long_o since_o yet_o notwithstanding_o they_o still_o subsist_v mittaw_n the_o duchess_n of_o curland_n have_v be_v all_o hitherto_o calvinist_n have_v always_o have_v one_o church_n at_o mittaw_n set_v a_o part_n for_o they_o and_o their_o religion_n where_o the_o calvinist_n and_o protestant_n of_o livonia_n as_o likewise_o the_o english_a merchant_n of_o riga_n come_v to_o exercise_n their_o devotion_n there_o be_v no_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n allow_v throughout_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n dominion_n except_o at_o stockholm_n only_o where_o the_o french_a huguenot_n have_v be_v permit_v to_o build_v a_o church_n curland_n as_o to_o the_o government_n of_o curland_n there_o be_v first_o parliament_n the_o parliament_n or_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o state_n of_o this_o duteby_n which_o be_v convene_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o duke_n as_o often_o as_o any_o urgency_n of_o state_n so_o require_v it_o send_v out_o his_o letter_n of_o summons_n to_o all_o the_o starostas_fw-la of_o his_o dominion_n together_o with_o a_o schedule_n of_o the_o point_n propose_v to_o be_v debate_v on_o require_v they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o to_o cause_v deputy_n or_o representative_n of_o the_o gentry_n to_o be_v forth_o with_o elect_v in_o their_o respective_a jurisdiction_n whereupon_o they_o be_v soon_o elect_v according_o and_o furnish_v with_o instruction_n from_o their_o elector_n how_o they_o shall_v behave_v themselves_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o in_o poland_n these_o afterward_o meet_v at_o mittaw_n together_o with_o the_o four_o supreme_a counsellor_n consult_v
his_o power_n and_o state_n 38._o power_n as_o inter-rex_a 39_o why_o he_o be_v entrust_v so_o much_o 40._o he_o see_v ibid._n who_o officiate_n where_o no_o inter-rex_a 127._o inter-rex_a resign_v 162._o physician_n polish_v their_o ability_n 81_o *_o not_o allow_v to_o study_v till_o qualify_v ib._n *_n palatine_n what_o 35._o their_o number_n and_o precedence_n from_o 55_o to_o 59_o duty_n and_o office_n 59_o palatine_n vice_n how_o they_o must_v be_v qualify_v 59_o etc._n etc._n posnan_n bishop_n of_o extent_n of_o his_o diocese_n 43_o etc._n etc._n plosko_fw-mi bishop_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o see_v 44._o premislaw_n bishop_n of_o 44._o premislaw_n city_n a_o greek-bishop_n here_o 44._o here_o first_o maintain_v that_o priest_n may_v marry_v ib._n etc._n etc._n high_a podolia_n palatinate_n of_o honorary_a 57_o protho-notary_n of_o a_o district_n 78._o project_n in_o the_o diet_n easy_o annul_v 107._o punishment_n in_o poland_n various_a and_o how_o differ_v 122._o manner_n of_o chastise_v servant_n ib._n etc._n etc._n pacta-conventa_a article_n of_o election_n 144._o when_o take_v by_o ambassador_n 145._o by_o who_o draw_v and_o how_o administer_v 146._o the_o form_n ib._n occasional_a article_n 149._o the_o oath_n take_v by_o the_o king_n 150._o peasant_n polish_v their_o condition_n 5_o 184._o wherefore_o enslave_v 5._o incapable_a of_o preferment_n except_o a_o few_o 167._o how_o first_o enslave_v 182._o live_v satisfy_v notwithstanding_o 183._o enrich_v their_o lord_n 184._o how_o fix_v in_o a_o farm_n 185._o their_o service_n annex_v thereto_o ibid._n meet_v to_o reap_v their_o lord_n corn_n 186._o their_o custom_n at_o bed_n and_o board_n 186._o child_n how_o teach_v to_o go_v 187._o habit_n of_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n ibid._n peasant_n condition_n in_o lithuania_n 226._o work_v on_o sunday_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n pay_v rigid_a duty_n 227._o their_o habit_n and_o carriage_n 228._o description_n of_o the_o last_o by_o a_o poet_n ib._n character_n of_o these_o rustic_n 230._o potable_n sort_n use_v in_o poland_n 212._o beer_n of_o what_o quality_n 213._o mead_n and_o wine_n ib._n what_o strong-water_n 214_o brimmer_n much_o practise_v 219._o sturdy_n drinker_n reward_v 231._o drink_v among_o the_o rustic_n of_o prussia_n 235._o prussia_n peculiar_a custom_n there_o vide_fw-la custom_n pospolite_n what_o 2_o *_o who_o oblige_v to_o serve_v in_o the_o horse_n ib._n *_n who_o in_o the_o foot_n 3_o *_o penalty_n for_o default_n ib._n *_n who_o excuse_v ib._n *_n number_n great_a former_o and_o now_o 5_o *_o manner_n of_o raise_v and_o muster_v they_o 6_o *_o meet_v at_o general-rendezvouz_n 8_o *_o pay_v of_o soldier_n from_o what_o it_o arise_v and_o how_o be_v raise_v 26_o etc._n etc._n *_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n what_o in_o the_o army_n 27_o *_o q._n queen_n consort_n her_o court_n how_o maintain_v 16._o artifice_n 17._o revenue_n 18._o to_o what_o amount_v ibid._n her_o court-officer_n 30._o where_o crown_v and_o where_o not_o 163_o etc._n etc._n place_n of_o her_o coronation_n 164._o what_o require_v to_o confirm_v it_o ib._n cause_n of_o j._n casimir_n queen_n be_v death_n 207._o queen_n dowager_n revenue_n conditional_a 18._o exclude_v queen_n consort_n while_o she_o enjoy_v it_o ib._n quartarians_n what_o and_o whence_o so_o call_v 17_o *_o r._n republic_n of_o poland_n wherefore_o institute_v 4._o it_o be_v division_n 10._o mean_v to_o support_v it_o for_o ever_o 177._o revenue_n crown_n what_o 17._o russian_n bishop_n why_o can_v marry_v 40_o etc._n etc._n their_o tenet_n ceremony_n and_o ornament_n 41._o religion_n in_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n conversion_n and_o persuasion_n 47._o former_a religion_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n roman-catholick_n how_o long_o continue_v 50._o zeal_n and_o bigotry_n ib._n none_o but_o roman-catholic_n admit_v of_o senate_n etc._n etc._n except_o in_o prussia_n ib._n bishop_n preside_v wherefore_o 51._o other_o clergy_n prefer_v ib._n four_o roman_n catholic_n church_n in_o dantzic_n 47_o *_o religion_n in_o curland_n 126_o *_o russia_n palatin_a of_o why_o have_v the_o title_n of_o the_o province_n 57_o referendary_n master_n of_o request_n their_o office_n power_n and_o qualification_n 77._o register_n in_o chancery_n 77._o reflection_n of_o hauteville_n 95_o etc._n etc._n rokosz_n what_o and_o its_o proceed_n 21_o *_o example_n ibid._n *_o rarity_n and_o observable_n in_o poland_n of_o wood_n and_o earth_n 82_o *_o strange_a water_n and_o their_o effect_n 83_o *_o monstrous_a fish_n 84_o *_o fowl_n of_o odd_a quality_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o beast_n of_o strange_a kind_n 85_o *_o rarity_n communicate_v 86_o *_o closet_n of_o rarity_n 87_o *_o rose_n disease_n what_o and_o its_o cure_n 96_o *_o riga_n bishop_n and_o archbishop_n thereof_o 100_o *_o s._n senator_n polish_v who_o and_o their_o number_n 5._o sit_v by_o what_o authority_n 5_o etc._n etc._n by_o who_o make_v and_o their_o oath_n 34._o to_o what_o further_o bind_v 35._o not_o suffer_v to_o travel_v ibid._n title_n annex_v to_o dignity_n ibid._n their_o office_n 36._o who_o immediate_o become_v so_o ibid._n despise_v other_o honour_n ibid._n their_o division_n and_o sub-division_n ibid._n senate_n polish_v what_o and_o its_o office_n 34._o samogitia_n duchy_n wherein_o differ_v from_o lithuania_n 231._o proof_n of_o great_a age_n here_o 232._o inhabitant_n more_o robu_v ibid._n samogitia_n bishop_n of_o likewise_o bishop_n of_o curland_n 45._o have_v no_o see_v ibid._n samogitia_n starosta_n of_o why_o prefer_v and_o how_o choose_v 56._o smolensko_fw-mi bishop_n of_o former_o subject_a to_o lithuania_n and_o now_o honorary_a 46._o smolensko_fw-mi palatin_a of_o honorary_a 57_o socinian_n when_o and_o how_o often_o expel_v 48._o steward_n great_n vide_fw-la marshal_n great_a secretary_n great_a their_o qualification_n and_o authority_n 76_o etc._n etc._n starosta_n with_o jurisdiction_n 79._o without_o 80._o vice-starosta's_a 79._o jurisdiction_n of_o starosta_n ib._n power_n and_o office_n 119._o starostaships_n revenue_n from_o what_o arise_v 80._o have_v be_v sometime_o mortgage_v ibid._n speaker_n of_o the_o diet_n how_o choose_v and_o heat_n thereupon_o 94._o must_v treat_v the_o gentry_n ibid._n reason_n of_o stickle_v in_o his_o election_n ibid._n last_o speaker_n officiate_n till_o a_o new_a one_o be_v choose_v 95._o speaker-elect_a go_v to_o kiss_v the_o king_n hand_n ibid._n his_o request_n for_o the_o deputy_n 96._o his_o authority_n ibid._n his_o power_n devolve_v to_o great-marshal_n 97._o synod_n provincial_a awe_v by_o the_o pope_n 15._o that_o of_o leopol_n subject_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n ib._n successor_n election_n of_o a_o interest_n of_o foreign_a prince_n to_o oppose_v it_o 151_o etc._n etc._n reason_n for_o and_o against_o it_o 152_o etc._n etc._n state_n four_o thing_n require_v to_o defend_v it_o 19_o etc._n etc._n *_o salt_n far_o particular_n thereof_o 39_o *_o t._n title_n polish_v annex_v to_o employment_n 5._o tartar_n in_o lithuania_n their_o number_n and_o religion_n 49._o how_o long_o continue_v there_o ib._n upon_o what_o condition_n ibid._n troki_n castellan_n of_o wherefore_o prefer_v 56._o treasurer_n great_a their_o office_n and_o authority_n 72._o remarkable_a breach_n of_o trust_n in_o one_o of_o they_o 73._o treasurer_n of_o prussia_n his_o office_n 77._o travel_v custom_n in_o travel_v 219._o traveller_n oblige_v to_o carry_v provision_n etc._n etc._n 221._o travel_v cheap_a in_o other_o respect_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n manner_n of_o travel_v 222._o incommodity_n in_o travel_n how_o remedy_v ibid._n etc._n etc._n disturb_v a_o winter-nights_n by_o boor_n 223._o danger_n of_o lose_v nose_n ib._n etc._n etc._n trade_n pole_n not_o much_o incline_v thereto_o 35_o *_o commodity_n export_v and_o import_v 35_o etc._n etc._n *_o particular_n of_o trade_n 39_o *_o no_o full_v nor_o papermill_n ibid._n *_o concern_v leather_n and_o fish_n 40_o *_o honey_n and_o its_o produce_v ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o former_a trade_n of_o prussia_n 41_o *_o teutonic_n order_n its_o origin_n 53_o *_o who_o build_v their_o hospital_n at_o jerusalem_n 54_o *_o order_n confirm_v and_o by_o what_o title_n ibid._n *_o their_o removal_n into_o germany_n and_o prussia_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o forsake_v prussia_n and_o wherefore_o 55_o *_o their_o statute_n habit_n number_n and_o manner_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o be_v much_o favour_v by_o several_a prince_n 56_o *_o life_n of_o their_o great_a master_n from_o 56_o to_o 71_o *_o it_o be_v present_a state_n 72_o *_o tobago_n island_n discover_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n 106_o *_o be_v deprive_v of_o it_o ibid._n *_o proposes_n to_o recover_v it_o 107_o *_o a_o grant_n from_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o 108_o *_o french_z beg_v the_o island_n 112._o *_o a_o second_o letter_n from_o king_n charles_n ibid._n *_o intercept_v ibid._n *_o duke_n send_v governor_n 113_o *_o make_v a_o contract_n ib._n *_n description_n of_o the_o island_n ibid._n *_o necessary_a
the_o gentry_n and_o citizen_n rustic_n and_o their_o condition_n work_v on_o sunday_n pay_v rigid_a duty_n etc._n etc._n their_o edible_n and_o custom_n at_o grind_a corn._n their_o habit_n carriage_n and_o how_o make_v house_n employment_n within_o and_o without_o door_n why_o little_a horse_n here_o qualification_n for_o marriage_n character_n of_o these_o rustic_n samogitia_n differ_v from_o lithuania_n sturdy_n drinker_n reward_v proof_n of_o great_a age._n people_z more_o robu_v here_o manner_n in_o husbandry_n strange_a way_n of_o prune_v tree_n peculiar_a manner_n of_o sow_v way_n of_o order_v corn._n peculiar_a custom_n in_o prusia_n habitation_n and_o furniture_n meat_n and_o drink_n the_o pospolite_n or_o polish_v militia_n who_o oblige_v to_o serve_v in_o the_o horse_n who_o in_o the_o foot_n and_o penalty_n for_o neglect_v in_o both_o who_o be_v excuse_v from_o serve_v the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o pospolife_o former_o and_o now_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o be_v raise_v and_o muster_v thing_n require_v in_o vain_a of_o the_o polish_v cavalry_n meet_v at_o the_o general_n rendezvous_n a_o division_n of_o the_o army_n and_o first_o of_o the_o horse_n heavy_a arm_v light_a horse_n a_o division_n of_o the_o foot_n a_o further_a account_n of_o the_o cosack_n proceed_n in_o their_o counsel_n of_o war_n way_n of_o fortify_v their_o camp_n and_o bo_n their_o power_n what_o the_o polish_v foot_n be_v and_o how_o employ_v hire_a foot_n and_o their_o condition_n why_o so_o much_o use_v and_o their_o arm_n and_o livery_n gentry_z how_o far_o oblige_v to_o march_n with_o other_o particular_n hungarian_a foot_n when_o first_o hire_v auxiliary_n what_o example_n quartarians_n what_o and_o whence_o so_o call_v volunteer_n what_o in_o poland_n example_n select_v out_o of_o the_o gentry_n cause_n that_o weaken_v the_o polish_v force_n four_o thing_n require_v to_o defend_v a_o state_n manner_n of_o pay_v the_o army_n the_o rokosz_n and_o its_o manner_n of_o proceed_v example_n other_o inconvenience_n which_o suppress_v the_o pole_n power_n mean_v propose_v to_o avoid_v these_o inconvenience_n but_o ever-ruâ—ed_a â—reat_a force_n of_o cavalry_n notwithstanding_o with_o example_n two_o quality_n necessary_a in_o war._n soldier_n pay_v from_o what_o it_o arise_v and_o how_o raise_v provision_n and_o ammunition_n what_o gun-founder_n foreign_a for_o fortification_n pretend_a advantage_n thereby_o general_n their_o power_n and_o duration_n lieutenant_z generals_z their_o power_n other_o general_n officer_n other_o officer_n of_o the_o army_n some_o few_o particular_n of_o the_o pole_n jus_fw-la belli_n pole_n not_o much_o incline_v to_o trade_n and_o why_o commidity_n export_v and_o import_v but_o little_a money_n and_o why_o coin_n most_o current_a in_o poland_n contribute_v to_o poverty_n other_o coin_n pole_n not_o very_o rich_a and_o why_o particular_n of_o trade_n concern_v salt_n no_o full_a or_o papermill_n concern_v leather_n and_o fish_n manner_n of_o fish_v honey_n and_o its_o produce_v former_a trade_n of_o prussia_n â—antzic_a here_o siâ—ate_a by_o who_o build_v and_o whence_o so_o call_v how_o distant_a from_o other_o place_n it_o be_v division_n and_o strength_n one_o of_o the_o hanse_fw-mi town_n parish_n building_n street_n and_o garden_n inhabitant_n their_o number_n and_o religion_n church_n town-house_n three_o magazine_n a_o college_n exchange_n etc._n etc._n jurisdiction_n and_o government_n senator_n and_o their_o division_n the_o twelve_o scabin_n and_o syndic_n burgrave_n to_o represent_v the_o king_n centumviri_n their_o power_n manner_n of_o elect_v and_o ordain_v priest_n four_o roman_a catholic_n church_n king_n power_n and_o revenue_n here_o city-power_n and_o privilege_n force_v by_o land_n and_o sea_n first_o coin_n in_o prussia_n present_a coin_n in_o dantzic_n how_o often_o take_v and_o regain_v admit_v to_o vote_n in_o election_n of_o polish_v king_n origin_n of_o teutonic_n order_n who_o build_v their_o hospital_n of_o jerusalem_n their_o order_n confirm_v and_o by_o what_o title_n another_o hospital_n with_o their_o removal_n into_o germany_n and_o prussia_n marienburg_n build_v for_o sake_n prussia_n and_o wherefore_o their_o statute_n habit_n number_n and_o manner_n be_v much_o favour_v by_o several_a prince_n great_a master_n in_o prussia_n i_o great_a master_n 1190._o two_o great_a master_n 1200._o iii_o great_a master_n 1206._o iv_o great_a master_n 1210._o v_o great_a master_n 1240._o vi_o great_a master_n 1252._o vii_o great_a master_n 1263._o viii_o great_a master_n 1275._o ix_o great_a master_n 1283._o x_o great_a master_n 1290._o xi_o great_a master_n 1297._o xii_o great_a master_n 1307._o xiii_o great_a master_n 1309._o fourteen_o great_a master_n 1322._o xv_o great_a master_n 1325._o xvi_o great_a master_n 1329._o xvii_o great_a master_n 1339._o xviii_o great_a master_n 1342._o xix_o great_a master_n 1348._o xx_o great_a master_n 1379._o xxi_o great_a master_n 1388._o xxii_o great_a master_n 1394._o xxiii_o great_a master_n 1404._o xxiv_o great_a master_n 1406._o xxv_o great_a master_n 1414._o xxvi_o great_a master_n 1323._o xxvii_o great_a master_n 1432._o xxviii_o great_a master_n 1450._o xxix_o great_a master_n 1467._o xxx_o great_a master_n 1468._o xxxi_o great_a master_n 1480._o xxxii_o great_a master_n 1489._o xxxiii_o great_a master_n 1498._o xxxiv_o great_a master_n 1512._o dantzic_n b_o siege_v by_o albert._n siege_n raise_v by_o the_o pole_n albert_n submit_v to_o sigismond_n great_a master_n in_o germany_n xxxv_o great_a master_n 1531._o xxxvi_o great_a master_n 1543._o xxxvii_o great_a master_n 1566._o xxxviii_o great_a master_n 1572._o thirty-nine_o great_a master_n 1587._o xl_o great_a master_n 1619._o xli_o great_a master_n 1624._o xlii_o great_a master_n 1627._o xliii_o great_a master_n 1644._o xliv_o great_a master_n 1664._o a_o prince_n of_o neubourg_n elect_v of_o the_o order_n ceremony_n of_o creation_n elect_v likewise_o coadjutor_n present_a state_n of_o teutonic_n order_n in_o germany_n two_o university_n chief_z study_v there_o learn_v former_o oriental_a language_n disregard_v present_a language_n in_o poland_n polish_v hard_a to_o pronounce_v reason_n why_o the_o pole_n affect_v latin_n have_v no_o solid_a learning_n how_o far_o that_o of_o divine_n extend_v their_o divinity_n lawyer_n their_o number_n and_o study_v who_o seldom_o go_v to_o law_n a_o suppose_a judgement_n on_o a_o lawyer_n physician_n and_o their_o ability_n not_o allow_v to_o study_v till_o qualify_v discourge_v learning_n natural_a observable_n and_o rarity_n of_o wood_n and_o earth_n strange_a water_n and_o their_o effect_n monstrous_a fish_n fowl_n of_o odd_a quality_n beast_n of_o strange_a kind_n rarity_n communicate_v to_o dr._n connor_n argentum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la make_v by_o chance_n other_o experiment_n dr._n bernitz'_v chsâ—t_v of_o rarity_n manner_n of_o make_v glass_n odd_a method_n of_o cure_v wound_n practise_v of_o physic_n what_o medicine_n use_v disease_n what_o venereal_a how_o cure_a by_o a_o quack_n surprise_v particular_n disease_n peculiar_a to_o the_o pole_n and_o first_o the_o plica_fw-la it_o be_v description_n unaccountableness_n symptom_n neither_o bleed_v nor_o be_v painful_a say_a to_o be_v contagious_a and_o hereditary_a common_a to_o man_n and_o beast_n superstition_n concern_v it_o and_o other_o case_n where_o most_o common_a it_o be_v cure_n by_o a_o jew_n cause_n assert_v but_o question_v another_o account_n of_o the_o plica_fw-la hair_n canular_a the_o rose_n and_o its_o cure_n present_a bound_n and_o extent_n of_o curland_n it_o be_v soil_n and_o former_a state_n when_o whole_o conquer_a convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o degree_n i_o bishop_n in_o livonia_n 1180._o two_o bp_o &_o abp_n of_o riga_n 1194._o iii_o abp_n of_o riga_n 1194._o i_o absolute_a master_n of_o livonian_a order_n 1205._o two_o absolute_a master_n 1223._o iii_o master_n 1238._o iv_o master_n 1240._o five_o master_n 1248._o vi_o master_n 1250._o vii_o master_n viii_o master_n ix_o master_n x_o master_n xi_o master_n xii_o master_n xiii_o master_n fourteen_o master_n xv_o mast_n r_o xvi_o master_n xvii_o master_n xviii_o master_n xix_o master_n 1488._o iii_o absclute_a master_n 1513._o iv._o abso-master_n v._o absolute_a master_n vi_o absolute_a master_n 1560._o residence_n of_o this_o order_n i._o duke_n of_o curland_n 1561._o ii_o duke_n 1587._o iii_o duke_n 1602._o iv._o duke_n 1639._o discover_v tobago_n and_o enjoy_v it_o be_v deprive_v of_o it_o proposes_n mean_v to_o recover_v it_o agreement_n between_o the_o k._n of_o england_n and_o d._n of_o curland_n grant_v of_o trade_n in_o africa_n upon_o what_o condition_n grant_v of_o the_o island_n tabago_n under_o what_o consideration_n duke_n oblige_v to_o aid_v the_o king_n in_o war._n a_o letter_n send_v hereupon_o but_o with_o little_a effect_n french_z beg_v the_o island_n of_o their_o king_n a_o second_o letter_n from_o k._n charles_n a_o letter_n intercept_v the_o duke_n send_v governor_n make_v a_o contract_n with_o a_o captain_n description_n of_o tobago_n why_o necessary_a to_o be_v english_a hand_n tobacco_n whence_o so_o call_v duke_n james_n marriage_n and_o issue_n vi_o duke_n his_o marriage_n and_o issue_n 1683._o vii_o duke_n 1698._o d._n of_o curland_n vassal_n to_o poland_n his_o privilege_n and_o power_n revenue_n and_o court_n chief_z officer_n qualification_n of_o supreme_a stagostas_n condition_n of_o gentry_n addition_n concern_v livonian_n order_n principal_a master_n how_o and_o where_o choose_v marshal_n of_o the_o order_n number_n of_o comendador_n number_n of_o advocates_n title_n habit_n and_o arm_n of_o this_o order_n geographical_a description_n of_o curland_n city_n and_o town_n of_o goldingen_n vinda_n residence_n of_o knight_n pilten_n rich_a gentry_n in_o curland_n mittaw_n it_o be_v castle_n street_n and_o house_n how_o distant_a from_o other_o place_n how_o often_o conquer_a bauske_n religion_n in_o curland_n two_o roman_a catholic_n church_n calvinâ—â—_n church_n at_o mittaw_n government_n of_o curland_n the_o parliament_n court_n of_o supreme_a councillor_n degree_n of_o demand_v justice_n ecclesiastical_a court_n city_n court_n ministerial_a officer_n trade_n of_o curland_n corn_n in_o great_a request_n and_o wherefore_o where_o curland_n be_v to_o rever_n to_o poland_n
must_v always_o flourish_v for_o several_a reason_n 111._o guard_n horse_n 29._o chief_a commander_n of_o guard_n in_o the_o camp_n 79._o captain_n of_o the_o guard_n against_o the_o incursion_n 76._o gnesna_n archbishop_n of_o vide_fw-la primate_n genius_n of_o polish_v government_n to_o what_o bent_n 31._o general_n great_a power_n and_o authority_n 74._o duty_n 75._o present_v great_a general_n ibid._n dignity_n successive_a ibid._n their_o power_n and_o duration_n 29_o etc._n etc._n *_o general_n lieutenant_n their_o office_n 75._o title_n and_o power_n 30_o etc._n etc._n *_o other_o general-officer_n 31_o *_o governor_n of_o mine_n 78._o of_o the_o mint_n ibid._n gun_n founder_n foreign_a 28_o *_o glass_n polish_v manner_n of_o make_v it_o 88_o *_o garden_n and_o orchard_n seldom_o any_o in_o poland_n 199._o h._n head-collector_n of_o a_o district_n 79._o high-podolia_a vide_fw-la in_o p._n house_n in_o poland_n their_o description_n 198._o furniture_n 199._o house_n of_o the_o rustic_n in_o lithuania_n 197._o habitation_n and_o furniture_n of_o the_o peasant_n in_o prussia_n 234._o horse_n why_o little_a in_o lithuania_n 229_o etc._n etc._n hair_n canular_a 96_o *_o i._o jew_n in_o poland_n enjoy_v their_o religion_n and_o privilege_n 49._o restrain_v from_o trading_n ib._n their_o number_n ibid._n idolater_n where_o to_o be_v find_v 50._o retain_v superstition_n ib._n example_n ib._n judge_n and_o assistant_n of_o a_o district_n 78._o jurisdiction_n military_a whole_o in_o the_o king_n be_v or_o his_o general_n be_v hand_n 121._o palatine_n and_o castellan_n likewise_o exercise_v their_o authority_n ib._n inn_n how_o call_v in_o polish_v 219._o have_v few_o conveniency_n 220._o jâ—â—_n belli_n polish_v some_o few_o particular_n thereof_o 32_o *_o k._n king_n of_o poland_n former_a power_n 2._o advantage_n thereby_o 3._o abridge_v by_o the_o gentry_n 4._o king_n happiness_n 11._o unhappiness_n ib._n etc._n etc._n modern_a power_n 13._o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n 14._o what_o his_o subject_n term_v he_o ib._n great_a respect_n pay_v he_o ib._n etc._n etc._n his_o title_n and_o prerogative_n 15_o etc._n etc._n pension_n household-officer_n and_o guard_n 16._o patrimonial_a estate_n and_o perquisites_n ib._n late_o his_o riches_n 17._o power_n limit_v in_o divers_a respect_n 19_o etc._n etc._n other_o limitation_n 21._o inconvenience_n thereby_o ib._n occasion_n of_o respect_n 22._o city_n present_v their_o key_n 23._o why_o he_o can_v make_v no_o levy_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o diet_n ib._n must_v not_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n 24._o his_o legitimate_a issue_n much_o respect_v ib._n title_n of_o his_o elder_a and_o other_o son_n and_o daughter_n ib._n how_o lose_v 25._o example_n of_o the_o pole_n affection_n to_o the_o royal_a family_n ib._n illegitimate_a issue_n slight_v 26._o impossible_a to_o reduce_v his_o subject_n to_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n ib._n etc._n etc._n king_n not_o unhappy_a because_o not_o able_a to_o secure_v succession_n to_o his_o family_n 28._o his_o interest_n to_o head_n his_o army_n 75._o where_o the_o king_n suspend_v his_o opinion_n 97._o ought_v not_o to_o be_v present_a at_o trial_n for_o treason_n 99_o have_v no_o regal_a authority_n till_o crown_v 153._o go_v to_o receive_v homage_n and_o knight_n citizen_n 161_o etc._n etc._n be_v proclaim_v 162_o etc._n etc._n what_o follow_v 163._o his_o power_n and_o revenue_n in_o dantzic_n 48_o *_o kiovia_n bishopric_n of_o honorary_a 45._o kiovia_n palatinate_n of_o honorary_a 56._o l._n leopol_n city_n whence_o so_o name_v 40._o be_v the_o residence_n of_o three_o bishop_n ib._n luceoria_fw-la bishop_n of_o his_o diocese_n 44._o lutheran_n abundance_n in_o poland_n 48._o tolerate_v and_o protect_v ib._n name_n in_o polish_v ib._n how_o the_o prussian_n become_v so_o ib._n lay-senator_n their_o division_n and_o sub-division_n 54._o law_n what_o require_v to_o establish_v they_o 97_o where_o can_v be_v print_v 98._o their_o origin_n progress_n and_o present_a state_n 121._o lawdifference_n decide_v by_o the_o sword_n 179._o example_n 180._o lawyer_n their_o number_n and_o study_v 79_o etc._n etc._n *_o who_o seldom_o go_v to_o law_n 80_o *_o suppose_a judgement_n on_o a_o lawyer_n ib._n *_n lend_v and_o borrow_v in_o poland_n the_o manner_n of_o 195._o lithuania_n particular_n relate_v thereunto_o 224._o learn_v former_a 75_o *_o what_o discourage_v learning_n 81_o *_o language_n oriental_n disregard_v 76_o *_o present_v in_o poland_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o hard_o to_o pronounce_v 77_o *_o latin_a reason_n why_o the_o pole_n affect_v to_o speak_v it_o 77_o *_o livonia_n its_o first_o bishop_n 100_o *_o livonian_a order_n it_o be_v several_a master_n from_o 101_o to_o 105_o *_o residence_n of_o the_o order_n 105_o *_o addition_n concern_v this_o order_n 117_o *_o m._n marienburg_n pal._n a_o city_n of_o former_o seat_n of_o teutonic_n knight_n 58._o build_v 55_o *_o marshal_n great_a of_o poland_n his_o office_n power_n and_o authority_n 69._o duty_n and_o privilege_n ibid._n his_o perquisites_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n who_o officiate_n in_o his_o absence_n 70._o marshal_n great_a of_o lithuania_n his_o office_n 70._o marshal_n little_a contend_v for_o precedence_n 73._o mine_n their_o officer_n call_v zuppars_n 80._o meeting_n general_n of_o senator_n and_o deputy_n 90._o member_n of_o the_o diet_n how_o habit_v 103._o not_o to_o give_v reason_n for_o dissent_n to_o any_o bill_n 106._o magistrate_n and_o officer_n of_o plebeian_n court_v 120._o their_o profit_n 121._o marriage_n description_n and_o duration_n 203._o court-marriage_n 204._o custom_n thereat_o ib._n present_v make_v the_o bride_n 205._o espousal_n and_o ceremony_n ib._n etc._n etc._n who_o can_v be_v marry_v without_o dispensation_n 206._o qualification_n for_o marriage_n among_o the_o peasant_n 230._o mourn_v the_o manner_n in_o poland_n 208._o money_n little_o in_o poland_n and_o how_o occasion_v 36_o *_o what_o coin_v most_o current_a there_o ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o contribute_v to_o poverty_n 37_o *_o other_o coin_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o first_o coin_n in_o prussia_n 49_o *_o present_v in_o dantzic_n ib._n etc._n etc._n *_o mittaw_fw-mi city_n of_o curland_n it_o be_v castle_n street_n and_o house_n 120_o *_o how_o often_o conquer_v and_o regain_v 120_o *_o calvinist-church_n there_o 121_o *_o n._n nunioes_n vide_fw-la deputy_n nobility_n vide_fw-la gentry_n notary_n chief_a 77._o notary_n camp_n 76._o nuncio-marshal_n vide_fw-la speaker_n naturalisation_n and_o manner_n of_o make_v noble_a 100_o how_o far_o qualify_v thereby_o ibid._n etc._n etc._n nobility_n how_o acquire_v 188._o a_o three_o way_n of_o become_v noble_a 189._o way_n of_o forfeit_v nobility_n ib._n where_o restore_v ib._n name_n polish_v what_o former_o and_o now_o 203._o o._n officer_n crown_n and_o court_n 28._o court_n in_o lithuania_n 29._o in_o several_a province_n ib._n etc._n etc._n some_o rather_o honorary_a than_o beneficial_a 30._o ten_o crown-officer_n where_o place_v in_o the_o diet_n 68_o who_o they_o be_v ibid._n those_o of_o the_o kingdom_n precede_v ib._n extra-senatorial_a officer_n 74._o great_a officer_n in_o the_o army_n 76._o of_o district_n 78._o some_o why_o so_o call_v 79._o military_a officer_n of_o district_n ib._n office_n by_o who_o plurality_n can_v be_v hold_v 67._o exception_n ib._n order_n of_o knighthood_n institute_v in_o poland_n but_o undervalue_v 179_o etc._n etc._n vide_fw-la teutonic_n order_n p._n poland_n undergo_v several_a change_n 2._o how_o expose_v to_o inconvenience_n 12._o physic_n practise_v in_o poland_n 89_o *_o medicine_n use_v ib._n *_n what_o disease_n 91_o *_o venereal_a how_o cure_v by_o a_o quack_n 90_o *_o odd_a method_n of_o cure_v wound_n 88_o *_o surprise_v particular_n 91._o *_o plica_fw-la disease_n its_o description_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o unaccountableness_n and_o symptom_n 92_o *_o say_a to_o be_v contagious_a and_o hereditary_a 93_o *_o common_a to_o man_n and_o beast_n ibid._n *_o superstition_n concern_v it_o ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o where_o most_o common_a and_o how_o cure_v by_o a_o jew_n 94_o *_o cause_n assert_v but_o question_v ibid._n etc._n etc._n *_o another_o account_n of_o the_o plica_fw-la 95_o etc._n etc._n *_o pole_n their_o division_n 4._o love_n for_o their_o king_n 12._o to_o extravagance_n 13._o behaviour_n at_o church_n 53._o their_o good_a temper_n and_o its_o effect_n 181._o how_o occasion_v 182._o their_o character_n 189._o complexion_n constitution_n etc._n etc._n 191._o their_o manner_n ibid._n further_n character_n 192._o education_n and_o learning_n ibid._n to_o what_o they_o general_o apply_v themselves_o 193._o worst_a part_n of_o their_o character_n ibid._n etc._n etc._n genius_n how_o incline_v 194._o greedy_n of_o money_n 195._o love_n to_o make_v a_o show_n ibid._n their_o great_a extravagance_n 198._o great_a admirer_n of_o show_n 200._o how_o attend_v ib._n not_o very_o rich_a and_o why_o 38_o *_o primate_n his_o court-officer_n as_o inter-rex_a and_o archbishop_n 30._o what_o peculiar_a to_o he_o 31