Selected quad for the lemma: state_n
Text snippets containing the quad
|
ID |
Title |
Author |
Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) |
STC |
Words |
Pages |
|
A42524
|
The art of war and the way that it is at present practised in France in two parts : wherein the duties and functions of all the officers of horse and foot, artillery and provisions from the general of the army to the private souldier are treated of ... written in French by Louis de Gaya ... ; translated for publick satisfaction and advantage.; Art de la guerre et la manière dont on la fait à présent. English
|
Gaya, Louis de.
|
1678
(1678)
|
Wing G398; ESTC R23334
|
55,226
|
220
|
spared he brings in Accusations executes the Sentences has the Administration of Justice over the Merchants and Sutlers of the Army he sets a price upon their goods and decides the differences that happen amongst them There are likewise publick Notaries who follow the Army for the benefit of private persons who may stand in need of them CHAP. XV. Of the Hospital WAR was never more commodiously managed than it iâ— at present in France the cares of ouâ— Monarch are inconceiveable and hiâ— prudence hath so well provided foâ— every thing that it may be said nothing is omitted which may be necessary for Men. The Hospital is â— great relief for the sick and wounded they are as well used there as in those of the best Cities of the Kingdom through the care of Phyficians Apothecaries and Monks affigned theâ— under the conduct of a Director It follows the Army constantly until that there be a proper anâ— convenient place found to setle it in to which all the sick are carried anâ— there is left in the Camp but a Detachment of the Hospital for the moâ—â— urgent necessities All sorts of Medâ—cines and Instruments necessary foâ— sicknesses and wounds are in great abundance provided and at present the Fathers Recolets wait on the sick in the Hospital and go to the Trenches to confess the wounded CHAP. XVI Of the Provisions IT ought to be the chiefest care of the General of an Army to see that Provisions be never wanting otherwayes he may assure himself that it will not last long without melting away and diminishing And therefore the King hath established Commissaries General of Provisions who ought to know the number of the men whom they are to provide for chuse a fit place for their stores know when they are to begin to distribute them and how long it will continue to the end they may provide a sufficient quantity of Corn and number of Bakers Ammunition Corn consists of two thirds of Wheat and one third of Rye the Bushel of that grain weighs about eighteen pound weight whereof there is made three pound weight of Bran and fifteen of Flower which is knead with ten pound weight of Water and whereof the Dough weighs five and twenty pounds eleven ounces of Dough make ten of baked Bread every Souldier has given him for two daies a Loaf weighing three pound weight When he Marches by any publick Store-house or place of Provisions he is allowed a pint of Wine of Paris measure and a pound of meat In an Army bread should never be wanting to the Souldiers and the General persons should have a care that what is given them be neither musty nor stink that proves very many times the cause of their Distempers Every Ammunition Waggon is drawn by four strong Horses and carries fifteen hundred Loaves there must be three times as many Carriages as are necessary for bringing one dayes Provisions one third part to go fetch them from the Towns where the Store-houses are kept another to come with them and the third to distribute and unload them There is commonly added to the Provisions of one day a fourth part of Bread more than is necessary The General should never suffer these Carriages to March without a very strong Guard that they may arrive with all security The Commissary General of the Provisions receives orders from the General for the March of his Convoys and the places of his Provisions he hath private Commissaries under him who are alwayes with the Convoys of the Waggons and keep a punctual account of the Provisions which they deliver to the Majors or Aide-majors of the Regiments according to a Copy of the Muster-roles of the Commissaries of War CHAP. XVII Of the Artillery and its Officers THE Artillery is a Provision of all Armes and Instruments that are necessary for War such as are Canons and their Carriages Bullets Bombs Morter pieces Petards Granado's Cartridges Barrels of Pouder Ball and Match Saucissons red hot Bullets Godrons pitched Faggots stuffed with Granado's all kinds of Arms Hatchets Sawes Shovels Pick-Axes Wedges Ladders of wood and ropes Beams Joysts Planks Tuns or Hogsheads Ropes Pontons or Boats for Bridges and all sorts of Artificial Fire all these things are not drawn after an Army without a great many Carriages horses and men appointed for the conduct of that Train The place where it is Encamped is commonly called the Park of Artillery where there is a foot Guard set at more than thirty paces distance from it and the Sentinels stand there only with a Pick or Halbard it being most expresly enjoyned them to suffer no man whosoever to approach with lighted Matches or Pipes of Tobaco by reason of the Accidents that have been many times occasioned thereby The Artillery has at present for its Guard and service a Regiment of Fire-locks consisting of two Battallions under the Command of the great Master or General of Artillery whereof the four first companies are made up of Carpenters Cartwrights Joyners Smiths Lock-smiths Hatchetmakers Quarry-men and Miners Of the great Master or General of Artillery The chief charge is that of great Master or General of Artillery possessed by the Duke of Lude he hath an absolute power over all the Artillery and his Officers own none above him but the King and General and serving in Quality of Lieutenant General of the Army he keeps and account and inventory of all the Pieces Powder Bullets the Equipage of Pieces and of all the Officers of Artillery in the Kingdom whose capacity he ought to know that he may be ready to inform the King thereof when his Majesty has any design to be put in Execution as the besieging of a place giving of Battel and Fortifying of Fronteer Towns He ought to know what Provisions and preparations must be made how and in what places the Pieces should be planted how far they can carry of what nature is the wall wherein a breach is intended to be made and what is the force of his Artillery In the Situation of places he should have a care that the seat of his Artillery be commodious and easy to be defended by the Souldiers that in case of necessity the Pieces may be easily drawn off that they may discover command shoot streight and level and that they be not too far distant from one another The great Master presents yearly to the King the Account or List of the Officers of the Artillery he fills up the empty places with the names of such as he thinks fit afterward the King confirms or alters them at his pleasure signs the Roll and causes it be subsigned by a Secretary of State That List is delivered up to the Treasurer General who fulfils the appointments and payes the Officers therein contained The Officers are four a Lieutenant General a Store-keeper General two Controllers General one Treasurer General who payes out mony according to the Orders of the great Master a Quarter-master and a Provost Mareschal with Commissaries
the Camps the lines of circumvallation and contravallation he is to view the place and cause it to be attacked where he hath observed it to be weakest he is to visit the works hinder any relief to enter and provide that the Convoys may arrive with all imaginable security In a word the Office of General is of a large extent and requires a most strict care because on him does a Soveraign repose the care of all his Army The King allows the General a certain number of Aids de Camp oâ— Adjutants whose Office is only to carry about his orders wheresoever there is occasion with a Troop of Horse Guards and the first Regiment of Foot in the Army furnishes him every day with a Guard consisting of a Captain a Lieutenant two under-Lieutenants or an Ensign two Serjeants and fifty Souldiers CHAP. III. Of Lieutenant Generals AS the General is the soul to the body of an Army so the Lieutenant Generals are its noble parts and these being Offices of greatest importance require persons whose courage capacity and fidelity have been rendred conspicuous by signal services They ought not only be capable of their own charges but likewise of that of the General because it happens often that they are entrusted with the command of some Camps volans or Flying Armies yea and with some bodies of the Army which they command with an equal Authority to his The number of Lieutenant Generals is not limited they are more or less according as the Armies are great or small When there are several in one and the same Army they have every one of them their day of command For example in a siege there is one Lieutenant General who commands the Attacque of the place and who continues in the Trenches twenty four hours he is called the Lieutenant General for the day the twenty four hours being over he that is to come next takes his place and so do the rest successively The duty of their charge is to do all that is commanded them by the General who assigns to every one of them Quarters to Command in and employs them as occasion requires some to lead a body of Horse others to march at the head of Foot sometimes for a Convoy sometimes for the Van or Reere guards and sometimes for Camps Volans They ought not to fail of being every day with the General that they may receive his Orders and afterward give them out in the Quarters and Posts that are entrusted to them being very careful to give him incessantly notice of all that passes there For that as well as for other occasions the King allows them Aides de Camp or Adjutants and Horse Guards Every Lieutenant General has daily at his door a Foot Guard consisting of a Lieutenant a Serjeant and thirty Souldiers CHAP. IV. Of the Mareschals de Camp THE charge of Mareschal de Camp being of no small consequence nor the least painful of the Army he that discharges it ought to be brave judicious and expert that he may remedy many accidental things There are more or fewer of them created according to the greatness of the Army and they succeed to one another as the Lieutenant Generals do when two Attacques are to be made in the siege of a place the Lieutenant General for the day commands that on the right hand and the Mareschal de Camp the other on the left The chief duty of that charge is to go daily and receive orders from the General Upon the march of an Army he that is for the day goes the evening before they move with the Quarter-master to receive orders for the way and Encamping He ought to know the Passes that he may be assured what way is best for the Troops to march for that effect he is to give notice the evening to the Squadron that is to mount the Guard for the night following to be in readiness against next morning before break of day with whom he is to march and the Quarter masters of all the Regiments of the Artillery and Provisions are to wait upon him that they may go and mark out the Camp in the place appointed In his march he is to send some Scouts before and on each side to beat the rode and if there happen an Alarm he is to inform himself of the nature of it and send intelligence to the General that he may receive assistance and that the Army may have time to draw up Being come to the place of Encamping and having chosen the most proâ—er and convenient ground he is himself to place the great Guard half a League or more beyond the ground which he hath marked out in general to the general Quarter-master of the Army who divides and assigns the several portions of it to the Regiment Quarter-masters that being done he acquaints the General with the state of the Camp from whom he receives orders for the Guards Convoys Escortes and Parties which he distributes amongst the Majors of the Brigads In a word the Mareschals de Camp should lodge the whole Army and be alwayes present at their movings being the first on Horse-back and the last to alight They have Aides de Camp and Horse Guards as well as the Lieurenant Generals with a Court de Guard of Foot at their door consisting of a Serjeant and fifteen men CHAP. V. Of Brigadiers IT is not long since the Brigads oâ— the Army were commanded by the eldest Masters de Camp anâ— Colonels and there was no talk oâ— Brigadiers but since the King hath made them places with the title of aâ— Office he chuses commonly for thesâ— charges those Colonels Masters dâ— Camp and Lieutenant Colonelâ— whom he knows to be most experienced in the matter of War Theiâ— duty is to march at the head of the Brigade whereof they have the command and to lead them whithersoever the General has ordered having a special care that no Souldier leave his Rank and giving most expresâ— orders to the Commanders of Regiments to see that obeyed They command amongst themselves according to Seniority the Brigadiers of Foot mount the Trenches by turn and relieve one another at the end of four and twenty hours And the Guard that is appointed for them consists of a Serjeant and ten Souldiers CHAP. VI. Of Aides de Camp or Adjutants THE charge of Aide de Camp is a most gentile employment for a young person of Quality fit to make him appear and wherein he may easily learn and improve himself â—t is requisite that he who undertakes â—t be prudent vigilant and strong The duty of the Aides de Camp is to be alwaies near the General persons that they may carry their orders where there is need CHAP. VII Of the Major General THE charge of Major General oâ— the Army is late in Francâ— and invented by the King who hatâ— found the advantage of it and whâ— will have him that enjoyes it endoâ—ed with as much conduct and vigouâ— as experience He has access to thâ—