World to which from all its Dominions the knowledge of the greatest and most renowned Actions came and were examin'd must needs be of the greatest Credit and Estimation I have only one more to mention highly deserving for what he has lately published on this Argument and that is the Learned Mr. Walker whose Book tho' printed some Years after this was first written might well have answer'd all that was necessary to the knowledge of this Science had not this been engag'd to the Stationer and in the Printer's Hands before There now remains those of the Modern whereof Luckius is one of the first who set forth his Sylloge of many Illustrious Persons of the last Century Typotius Molinet and Bossier Medals of the Popes Cardinals and Ecclesiasticks Iaques de Bie la France Metalic to him add the Iesuite Menestrier But none who have taken any considerable notice of Countries and States Comparable to what is wanting besides the Abbot Bizot and his Continuator in that of the Republic of Holland by a single instance and of which we have already given a large Account Some others there may be but these I suppose may suffice to furnish the Metalic Library and serve for Direction in the mean time as to the rest such as travel abroad will not neglect visiting the several Cimeliarcha and Repositories of those Noble Persons and others whose Curiosity and Genius has inclin'd them to to the Cultivation and Adornment of so gentile a Study and Diversion taking along with them the Advice and Directions of the Learned and Industrious Patin with Sir George Wheeler and Dr. Spon's Voyage into the Levant who has given the Publick an Account of the Royal Gazas and Pricely Treasures to be any where met with of this kind thro' all Europe For such Eminent Collectors have been Charles the Fifth Rudolphus and indeed all the German Emperors since to this Day Frederick King of Denmark Queen Christina of Sweden the late Charles Prince Elector Prince Leopold of Florence and all of the Medicean Family Ranuccio Farneze gathered by the Cardinal Alexander his Unkle the Cardinal C. Barberini the Counts Soderini de Maximis Mascardi Morosini and Garzoni Lazara at Rome Venice Verona Padoa c. as indeed ever great and learned Person in Italy who have to their Libraries Cabinets richly furnished with Medals and the like Antiquities So in France especially among the great Officers and Ministers of State not for Ostentation but some of them as Knowing as Curious such as Lomenie Count de Brienne Secretary of State Harlaeus Procurator General Chancellor Seguire the late Monsieur Colbert the Abbe Seguin with others innumerable which has caused the French King who is doubtless Master of the greatest and best Collection of Medals in Europe among other his indeed laudable Munificences for the encouragement and promoting of Letters to erect an Academy where the Medalists Autiquaries and Virtuosi meet and confer at his Palace of the Louvre Now albeit among our own Country-men we are but somewhat thin of Writers on this part of Erudition yet had we and still have many Worthy and Illustrious Persons both Knowing and Curious whose Collections have done Honor to themselves and to the Nation Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey Earl Marshal of England that Great Mecaenas of all the politer Arts and boundless Amasser of Antiquities had in that richly furnished Cabinet I mentioned as rich a Collection of Medals gathered by Daniel Nisum the like had the Great Duke of Buckingham the Marquis afterwards Duke Hamilton Sir William Paston Grandfather to the present Lord Yarmouth who I suppose is still in possession of them as of other his Choice Collection of Rarities Sir Simon Fanshaw of Ware Park Sir Thomas Hanmer of Hanmer whilst he lived my most worthy Friend the late Ralph Sheldon of Weston Esquire now in the Hands of his Virtuous Kinswoman Mrs. Frances Sheldon late Maid of Honor to the now Queen Dowager Iohn Harvey Esquire late Treasurer to her Majesty the Queen Dowager Sir Iames Long of Draicut Elias Ashmole Esquire both lately deceased and amongst our more liminently Learned Antiquaries Sir Robert Cotton Grandfather to the present Sir Iohn Cotton who persisting in the steps of that Illustrious Person is still augmenting the unvaluable Treasure of Medals and Manuscripts obliging the Learned World by his Generous Communication of what has been so left and is so improv'd by him What singular Use our Learned Cambden whom next I am to mention made of his Collection Notae ad Brit. Numis s to justify and adorn his Britannia is to be seen every where in that Glorious Work as also in that of Mr. Speed Add to these Sir Henry Savil and Spelman Sir Simon d Ewes our Learned Selden Sir Iohn Marsham Mr. Iohn Greaves Mr. Brerewood c. and at present living the Right Honourable Earl of Peterborough Dr. Sharp Archbishop of York the Right Honourable Sir William Trumbal late Ambassador at Constantinople and now Principal Secretary of State Sir Edward Sherburn my most Honoured Learned and Worthy Friend and now Old Fellow-Traveller Thomas Henshaw Esquire Abraham Hill Esquire Mr. Falkner Dr. Iohnson the Learned Mr. Laughton of Trinity-college in Cambridge inferior I am told to few Mr. Guillhard cum multis aliis And that even the Ladys may not be defrauded of the Honor due to the Favourers of this Noble Diversion the Lady Ann Boynton Daughter to Iohn late Earl of Rochester who I am told has not only made a Curious Collection of Medals but is herself very Knowing in them There are doubtless many others whom I have not the Honor of being known to and should have enrich'd this Catalogue with their Names and Merits always reserving a more distinguishing Recognition with infinite and particular Obligation to the present Earl of CLARENDON whose most ample Collection of the most Noble Medals and Glorious Medalions both for Number and Choice together with what of Modern he has contributed to the Type here exhibited is worthy the being reckoned amongst the most Illustrious and his Lordship for many other singular Favours to be ever mentioned by me with the greatest Regard Nor may I on this account forget Mr. Charleton of the Middle-Temple without signal Ingratitude and want of discernment who has besides a Glorious Collection and Universal Series of the Rarest Medals a Cabinet of other Natural and Artificial Curiosities far exceeding for Choice and Perfection any that I have met withal Abroad or believe will easily be found in Europe besides To which let me add not only his extraordinary Knowledge of the Treasure he possesses but the Obligingness and great Civility of a most Generous Person I conclude this Recension where indeed I ought to have begun when I mention'd the Great and most Illustrious Persons of England emulating the most celebrated Cabinets of the Greatest Princes of other Countries namely that Royal Collection of Medals at St. Iames's begun by that Magnanimous and Hopeful
Instruments and Workmen followed which calls to mind how in almost the like Circumstance the late French King Lewis XIII did not think his Mint secure from these wicked Practices until he had hous'd it in the Louvre which that great and worthy Minister and Virtuoso Monsieur de Noyers plac'd in the same Apartment with the Royal Printing-House that as my * Monsieur Freart Author adds he might allie together Two of the most universal and most permanent Monuments of Kings Books and Money spreading themselves over all Nations and remaining for many Ages The excessive Abuses found in the Years 1635 and 39. both in the Title and Weight of the greatest part of the Coin as well of several other Countries as France which had been changed or destroyed stood in need of timely Reformation Nor was it possible to remedy it on the sudden without putting Commerce into very great Disorder and was therefore for a while conniv'd at But as this dexterous and publick-spirited States-man order'd it he well knew how to derive the greatest Advantage to the Benefit of the People and Honor of the King by Politickly permitting and indeed authorizing the Abuse which could not else have been so easily encounter'd whilst in the mean time it invited those of all the neighbouring Countries and States in hope of Gain to Transport into France all their Light Gold and Silver which they had and which remained there by reason of its being decried a few Months after bearing now the Arms of France and Effigies of Lewis le Iust by that noble Conversion which he order'd to be made of it Whilst this strange Matter was united to ours he also sought out and discover'd prompt and easy Expedients of giving it that excellent Form which since it bears Curing at the same instant and by the same Remedy both the present Inconvenience and that to come Thus we see that its just and equal Roundness the Grenetis which is about it and the Politure which is on the flat of every Piece not only defends it from the Clipping the File and Operation of Strong-Waters but even renders its Imitation in a manner impossible to our False Coiners so as we may affirm of this Money that it is the most Artistly contriv'd and the most commodious that was ever us'd in Commerce there being stamp'd in less than four Years time above an Hundred and Twenty Millions and that after fifteen or sixteen Years that the War had lasted and the Kingdom seemed to have been utterly exhausted c. Perhaps this Passage of which I gave Account more than thirty Years since in a Dedication to his late Majesty Charles II. might have been taken notice of the Instance being so pregnant and so like our present Case But as some Kings and Emperors were Famous for their Care in reforming these Abuses Aurelianus calling in all the Counterfeit Money and giving out New to obviate the growing Mischief and Confusion so there were others as Infamous for their not only neglecting it but for doing worse in not only conniving at them but who did themselves vitiate and debase their own Coin Such of old among the Romans after the Age of Commodus whose excesses had so debauch'd the People were those from Gordian to the Posthumi when they began to pervert the Standard which so long as that Wise and Glorious Empire religiously maintain'd it in all its Purity Nat. Hist. lib. VI. C 22. Quod pares pondere denarii essent in â—â—ptiva pecunia cum diversae imagines indicarent à pluribus factos did infinitely prosper so as Pliny speaking of the Island of Taprobane tells us that the most Barbarous Nations at vast distance held friendly Commerce and Correspondence with the Romans looking upon them as just and worthy People from the constant Value Goodness and Integrity of their Money But no sooner did they once give way to the adulteration or raising of their Money beyond its real worth but the Government it self grew degenerate and soon fell after it Nor is there a more fatal Symptom of Consumption in a State than the Corruption and Diminution of the Coin under which denomination I comprehend all other Practices on the Species however dignified by Names and Character The very Truth is to put a King's Title or Effigies to unweighty Money and not of authentic Value is as we said to render the Prince himself a Faux Monoyeur or as the Learned * Recher L VI. C. 21. Pasquiers Expression is donner un souflet au Roy and bouffet Majesty Thus Henry VI. diverted or perverted rather by the mean and beggarly Shift of Alchymy and other Sophistications endeavour'd to supply his Extravagances as after him another profuse Henry of ours until his Renouned Daughter by more wholsome Counsel reforming it reduc'd the Standard to the Purity of Edward the Fourth But it was our First Edward who first of all establish'd the English Sterling from its ambulatory and uncertain Motion and Value and which all the wiser States of Christendom did imitate afterwards This calls to mind another Edward that most hopeful and incomparable Prince the Sixth of that name who having as yet hardly arriv'd to the Thirteenth Year of his Age upon Consideration of the miserable Plight to which his profuse Father had brought the Coin took such Care and Pains to inform himself of the State and Condition of the Mint Exchange and Value of Money and to Regulate those Matters as by turning over the * Original in the Cotton Library and now published in Hist. Reformat Book II. Part II. Iournal written in his own Hand I find among other grave and serious Remarks he did so far exceeding either the usual Capacity or Years of an Age so Immature as it reproaches those who being much more Advanc'd minded nothing but trifling childish or vicious Diversions To step a little back again to the History of these depraved Customs abroad It was about the Reign of Charles the Simple that most of the Great ones especially Governours of Provinces Castles and principal Cities took on them to Coin and looked upon the Priviledge as it were hereditary and independent for so did they sometimes here in England too tho' it lasted not long but the Mischief became so insupportable by reason of the Corruption that when the King would have abrogated the cause of the Abuse he found it so very difficult that he was fain to give it over and content himself with a small proportion to discharge the Mintage and this was thought not a little Progress 'T is in the mean time evident as to that of France they might thank themselves and their perpetual Quarrels with England from the very Reign of their Famous St. Lewis and above all that of Philip the Fair and Charles IX when we endanger'd France as it now does us which mov'd them to debase and yet to inhance the Value of their Coin to the unspeakable loss of the
comparison to his Age should have so far exceeded his Conquests having subduâ—d the whole World almost e're himself had yet been Master of a Province And doubtless there is nothing does more stimulate a noble and generous Spirit than a Virtuous Emulation and therefore Sir Thomas Moor allow'd the use of Statues also in that ingenious Idea of his Republic where otherwise we find him very sparing of unnecessary Pomp and Expences when discoursing of Rewards and Punishments Non paucis says he tantum deterrent à flagitiis sed propositis quoque honoribus ad virtutes invitant Ideoque Statuas viris insignibus de Rep. praeclare meritis in foro collocant in rerum bene gestarum Memoriam simul ut ipsorum posteris majorum suorum gloria calcar incitamentum ad Virtutem sit c. And therefore of old they never decreed those Honors of Statue or Medals but to such as had perform'd some signal Exploit or Invented some useful Thing In this manner they Dignified and made them Noble as Aemilius and others and again overthrew and broke their Images in pieces and recall'd their Medals when upon any vile Action or notorious Treason they deserv'd ill or betray'd their Country of which Histories afford innumerable Examples And indeed when Men be they never so great and well born degenerate from their illustrious Ancestors Stemmata quid faciunt quid prodest Pontice longo Sanguine censeri pictósque ostendere vultus Majorum stanteis in curribus Aemilianos Et Curios jam dimidios Iuv. Sat 6. humerosque minorem Corvinum Galbam auriculis nasóque carentem Tota licet veteres exornent undique cerae Atria Nobilitas sola est atque unica virtus What is' t our Ancestors to show In Paint or Statues the Aemilii plac'd Intire in Chariots Curii to the wast Corvinus that by th' shoulders less appears And Galba wanting both his Nose and Ears The House Stapleton why do so many Gen'rals fill Breathing in Marbles Fill all thy Courts with old wax Imag'ry Vertue 's the true and sole Nobility They put them as we have shew'd not only in mind of those brave and glorious Persons they represented but they look'd on them as yet alive and observers of their Actions and were so charm'd with their Conversation that they carried them in their Triumphs and went with them to their very Funerals and Graves nor would they at any hand sell or alienate them from their Families but fixt them as House-Looms to the Inheritance He that could shew the greatest number of them as we now Coat-Armor and Pedigree was reckon'd the Noblest T is really strange to what prodigious numbers the Statues and Figures of this sort should otherwise amount when in the little Island of Rhodes alone were counted above thirty thousand 〈…〉 those of Olympia and Delphi more in Corinth innumerable By a noble Contention says Sir Henry Wotton in Point of Fertility 'twixt Art and Nature and not only arguing an infinite plenty of Artists and Materials but likewise of magnificent and glorious Thoughts even in the common Persons of those Ages besides the Relation those goodly Monuments and Memoirs of well doing and meritorious Persons had to nobler Designs not as a bare and transitory entertainment of the Eye only or gentle deception of the Time but that it had a secret and powerful Influence even towards the advancement of the best of Governments by their continual representations of great and virtuous Examples So as in that point Art became a piece of State Remarkable for this sort of Magnificence and one of the first was Marcus Varro the most learned and knowing Person of the Age who made a Collection of all the famous Men from the Foundation of Rome to his own Times Cicero Atticus and others follow'd him to that height of Curiosity as 't is reported of Alexander Severus that he sought to have the Pourtraits of our Blessed Saviour the Patriarch Abraham and other extraordinary Persons as well as of Achilles Alexander Plato and others of the Gentile Hero's and Philosophers We have seen how instead of Ensigns and painted Banners they carried them in Pomps and Processions of State stampt and cut in all sorts of Metal Stones of price Porphyry and the most durable Marbles and this they did for almost Two Thousand Years especially in Money and Medals innumerable whereof much is yet remaining much more 't is probable than what is yet come to light found here and there casually in single pieces and often in heaps full Urns and Jars to shew the immense Treasure of that once flourishing State and vast Extent of its numerous Colonies which not only inlarg'd their Conquests over Men but as in recompence of the Changes and Devastations which they made Civiliz'd the Barbarous World by their Laws and Learning useful Arts and exemplary Virtues And now after all we have produc'd in favour of Statues Medals and other Collections of this nature we are far from approving or encouraging that abandon'd and passionate love which some have shew'd in a restless and expensive pursuit of these Curiosities and that like Damasippus Insaniunt veteres Statuas emendo as some ill advised and as I may say Luxurious Antiquaries have done to the prejudice of their Fortunes or any nobler Parts of Life ranging over all the world and compassing Land and Sea to feed an unbounded Appetite and turn that into Fault and Vice instead of a laudable and useful Diversion Est modus in rebus I remember a French man lover of Intaglia's who told me he had for many years long'd for the death of a Gentleman who having an Head of the Emperor Hadrian cut in an Onyx antique and very curious which he would by no means part with he hop'd that he might obtain it of his Executors as at last he did And I could tell of another 〈◊〉 Person who when the Turks Invaded Candy and alarmd the Venetians was wont not without some secret pleasure to reckon at how easie rates Statues would be purchas'd should the Turks set foot in Italy Asking pardon for this digression not altogether foreign to our Subject of Heads and Effigies and the plenty of Statues Medals and antient Coins which may be yet extant in the hands of the curious That which has been perverted by ignorant Mechanicks and Avarice of others may for ought we know be as much as what remains intire Laurentius Pignorius Pignor. Epist. writing to the Abbot Barisonus tells us with no small indignation what a World of Antiquities lie buried broken and neglected And as to Medals of a Venetian Merchant that melted down abundance of rare Coins to make a Chain of Gold for his Wife to wear And Schottus of a Spanish Apothecary who cast a Mortar for the use of his shop of an invaluable Collection of Medals which had been left him by his curious Father Dignus utique ipse pistillis sed in grandiore Mortario
sure it must and will continually be sinking and the very dregs and pittance of what rests be raised to a yet greater loss be the prohibitions what Superiors please There was a time not long since when spirited with Zeal and wanton Ease the abused People and of all degrees spontaneously brought in their Plate Many massively great and other Pieces of curiously wrought Vessels I my self beheld batter'd and defac'd to flatness by the rude Sledge and crowded into the Melting-pots in Guild-Hall which was fill'd to to the Roof almost upon the Credit of the publick Faith to ruin the best establish'd Church and Kingdom under Heaven and I little question but would they do so now to preserve what God has since restor'd and save from the Danger it is in by a free and generous Oblation of it without any future expectation of being re-imburs'd by so insupportable a Tax as will be necessary to answer the mention'd Loss but which must at last come out of their own Purses and Estates it would almost if not altogether heal the gastly Wound And who that were touch'd with a true Zeal and Affection to his Native Country would not be ready chearfully to part with the most splendid Superfluities and eat and drink with more Content and Satisfaction in Earthen-Dishes and Wooden-Cups as the brave Romans did whilst they were truly brave rather than in the brightest Gold and Silver to support a sinking Nation Were this and all the imprison'd and undiminish'd Money produc'd and none of it suffer'd to be Hoarded Cull'd Clipp'd privately Melted down or Transported or what is false Imported upon any unjustifiable Account and all Commodities necessary to human Life Decency and of daily Use rated in some tolerable proportion to the present Exigences and by no means left in an Arbitrary manner to be inhaunced by the Ingrosser and Retailer as inevitably it must and will be unless prevented and that Money rise not beyond its real Value what ever Laws or Edicts be provided against it it would go a very great way to our Relief in the present Circumstances But if this be too hard a Chapter and look more like a Platonic Notion than practicable in this self-Interess'd and degenerate Age let us acquiesce and leave it as becomes us to Superiors and to Expedients justified by such solid Funds as the collective Wisdom of the Nation shall think proper and most effectual which upon no Pretence Stress or Occasion whatever less than immediate Preservation imminent and inevitable Ruin ought to be diverted much less invaded In a word were there a round Imposition charg'd on all future Superfluities with a total prohibition of other Luxuâ—ies of Parade and Shew by standing well-executed Sumptuary Laws yet with distinction of Qualities as it would create a marvellous Change and for the better so would it soon compensate the parting with the want of many unnecessary and costly Trifles which minister to our Extravagances and make Men eager to obtain them at any Price Better far better were it that a few Shops of Voluptuary Arts and Traders in Modes and fantastic Dresses as well as and other Publicans with the whole Tribe of Demetrius and the Crafts-men were reduc'd or confin'd to their former Shop-Trade only and would in some States and such Exigences be obnoxious who evidently obstruct garble and drain the very Vital of the Nation I say better they were totally abolish'd suppress'd and broken than a whole Nation be undone as unavoidably it must be if such and other unsatiable Gulphs be not stopp'd and that God Almighty raise not up some Wise and publick spirited Patriots to stand in the Breach and set their Hands and Heads to prevent it with all imaginable diligence In the mean while let these worst of Men and as one calls them Ultima Satanae Excrementa beware the Fate of Stephen Barbet and his Fellows who from the like sordid Gains and from nothing of Family or conspicuous Vertue rais'd themselves to Estates of Princes in so short a space and by unknown Extorsions and Depredations on the Publick made vast Purchases rose to mighty Fortunes and built sumptuous Palaces in the Reign of the so often mention'd Philip. The deserved Justice inflicted on him and his Complices may be a timely Warning that ill-advis'd and unhappy Prince sadly but too late and on his Death-bed attributing all his Misfortunes and the loss of his Subjects Affection the greatest Jewel on a Prince's Crown to his remissness in this Important Concern Farther Instances might be produced of the like Catastrophes besides what befel in Turkey in the Reign of Amurath the Fourth Brother to Osman in other States of Christendom But I am tedious and beg Pardon for the Liberty I have taken with good Intention since 't is hoped we may and shall find great Effects from his Majesty's great Care the present and ensuing Parliaments and the Consultations of those Gentlemen of the Council of Trade But to look for and to carry it on Credit must be restored and the Reputation of our Exchequer by protecting of our ships and Mercantile Commerce abroad which can only bring home those Effects to replenish it and which would be of infinitely more Advantage to us and far less chargeable than all our Efforts on France enrich'd by so many Thousands of our Vessels and Millions of Treasure taken from us And now after all tho' I should expect but little Thanks of some for what I have said yet I comfort my self with the Sense and Suffrage of all to whom the true and solid Interest of the Nation is dearer than their Lives And if I fore-tell that what I have predicted spring from the natural Consequences of the Premises it is what I have fortified with undeniable Instances and irrefragable Truths unless all Europe and all the negotiating World besides agree to Reverse all that their most prudent Ancestors have upon the long Experience of so many Ages and Turns of Governments settled and built on as the most reasonable and lasting since there would otherwise be no boundary or end of Raising Depressing and Cheating till all fell to the Ground In the mean time of This I am morally certain and must adhere to as a steady Maxim that the only just and righteous Expedient must be to make our Money of equal Fineness and intrinsic Value under whatsoever Denominations or Shifts we can devise as to smaller Pieces c. to serve the present Necessity pro hîc nunc during the Coinage and Scarcity of greater Sums which should hold and be paid in full Weight since after all 't is not Vultus Imperatoris Figura Impressio no nor Proba Materia alone but PONDUS and Weight which renders Money truly valuable to all intents and purposes This effected and Money reduced to its Primitive Institution when Mankind dealt honestly and sincerely with one another we may hope for a Blessing from Almighty God But now è diverticulo in viam
I speak of the more notorious and deformed Thersites's quos natura signavit and whom I would not so readily trust as the fix'd and steady Eye I know there are some of these and other Marks jocularly censured and many times without Cause Crine ruber niger ore brevis pede lumine luscus Rem magnam praestes Zoile si bonus es Mart. Lib. XII Epigr. 54. And so from a White Spaniard a Black German a Red Italian Libera nos Domine And in England we say That The Red is Witty the Brown Trusty The Pale Peevish the Black Lusty And therefore To a Red Man read thy Read At a Pale Man draw thy Knife With a Brown Man break thy Bread From a Black Man keep thy Wife All which were yet sufficiently safe as the Italian has it Se l' huomini piccoli fossero patienti E ' l' huomini grandi fossero valenti E'gli rossi fossero leale Tutt ' il mondo sarebbe uguale If little Men but Patient were The Tall of Courage free And Red Men trusty and sincere The World would soon agree I know 't is easily said that all these are but Proverbs trite and vulgar Sayings Be it so and therefore by no means to be slighted as gathered from the long and constant Observations of so many confirmed by much Experience and founded upon the most infallible Reasons and Philosophical Resolutions There is indeed no Rule so general but has its Exception and we have shewed upon what account in this Science of the Countenance But as denominations take place from the plurality of Instances Proverbs are still and ever will remain in Force for as to what we have cited from them how rarely does that of Facetus fail Inconstans animus oculus vagus instabilis pes Haec tria signa viri de quo mihi nulla boni spes c. And again Rare breves humiles vidi rufosque fideles Albos audaces miror magnos sapientes In a word gaudeant bene nati 't is an Happines and a Blessing to be of a comely Personage whence we are bid à signatis cave and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 spoken of the White-liver'd as we call them were early Cautions * Eccles. xix 26 27. A Man says Siracides may be known by his Look and one that hath Understanding by his Countenance Gen. xxx 15. Nor it seems did the Orator all neglect these Signatures Non deceperunt me oculi tui supercilia frons denique totus qui sermo quidem tacitus mentis est Prov. vi 13 14. his very Looks betrayed him and in truth I think one needs be no great Conjurer to divine xv 13. Petronius Sat. Vides me cries the little Slut nec auguria novi nee Mathematicorum Coelum curare soleo ex vultibus tamen hominum mores colligo cum spatiantem vidi quid cogites scio for so the wanton guessed of Encolpus without gazing on or consulting the Stars And I question not at all of the Witty Plautus's being well seen in this Art so unluckily describing the manners of Persons by their Looks and which seems to have made both him and Iuvenal so expert in Characterizing their several Humors But to descend to Instances We have long since produced that of the great Augustus and the Person who would have broken his Neck off the Alps as he was walking along by him Pythagoras is reported to have been of so awful an Aspect as made a young Man whom he sharply reproved to hang himself Such a fierce look had Pyrrhus But what a Lightning must needs be shot from the passionate Eyes of that Woman who caused an hungry Lion broke forth of his Grate at Florence and seizing a Child in the Street to let it go at the sight of the Mother and run away affrighted Such but indeed by another Aspect were the Looks of Caius Marius Catiline as Salust sets him out Attila of the Hunns and of later times Laelius Ursinus Alphonsus d' Este second Duke of Ferrara and others I might name who by whatever unaccountable Fascination or other material Quality of Mastring Spirits have created Friends of deadly Enemies and looking others Dead Insanos sanant sanos insanire cogunt who came with intentions to Murder or do them Mischief have preserved themselves more by their Looks than by all their armed Troops and attendant Guards On the contrary others were said to have a sanative Vertue even in their very Countenances as Aureliâ—nus Vespasian c. Others again malign and plainly Venomous and such a Person Borellus speaks of Borell Cent. 3. Obser. 90 that conscious of the Effect was wont to give notice where he came that they should keep little Children and Women with Child from coming where he was whilst the Vertue shall I call it or Property was of a long time unknown to himself No wonder then that some perhaps innocent poor People have been accused for Witches and Evil-lookers as they call them Nescio quis teneros oculis mihi fascinat agnos Virg. whiles in the mean time who can tell but that there may possibly be as much danger in the Glances and Emissions of some Bilious as of Icterical Persons or of such as Monsieur Chauvin a Parisian Gentleman dwelling in Diep who See concerning the Causes of such strange Effects Marsil Ficin Comment in Plut. convivium Cap. VIII the same Author affirms he knew to have so Lyncean and penetrating a sight that using Spectacles such acute and keen Vapours darted from his Eyes as in a short time excavated and wore out the very Glasses themselves piercing the Crystals thro' and rendering them useless so as he was fain to be often supplying them Prodigious therefore must needs be those Aporrhoea's and Emissions that could pervade and pass thro' a Substance which is capable to restrain the most rectified Spirits even of Aquafortis it self from the least avolation 'T is reported of the Emperor Adrian that he was so great a Proficient in this Science as to discern by the Countenance whether a Witness summoned to give his Testimony upon any doubtful Matter spake true or falsly and we find in Aristotle's Dedication that it was recommended to the Great Alexander as a Princely Quality fit for Ministers of State and therefore kept among the secret Mysteries of the Pythagorean and Socratic Philosophers Pro Roscio and I remember Cicero speaking of the Art Divinandi ex Facie which * De Sapient Lib. II. Cardan prefers so much before Astrology Chiromancy Prediction from Dreams which says he Impostoris artem aliquo modo redolent smell of the Cheat advises that Kings and Princes should above all others cultivate this Study I have been told that Philip Earl of Pembroke who had not only a Collection of Rare and Excellent Pictures as has still that most Noble Person who now inherits his Titles and what is greater his Virtues but great Judgment in
Importance 300. Providence admirable in the variety and difference of Faces 336. Punic 5 6. Pyramids 1. Q. QVAESTOR 14. Quadrans 5. Quadrigati 14. Quality the four first of the Peripatetics 325 326. seq Quatuor Maria Vindico Med. 339. Queen Ann 104. Mary 91 92 c. Elizabeth 93 94 95 96 98. Queen Ann 104. Queen Mary 106. Catherine 132. Mary 152. Quinarius 6. R. RAILLERY in Medals improper and dangerous 24 25 42. Raleigh Sir Walter 160. Ratis Vid. Ship Real Character of Bishop Wilkins 166. Records by Medals 243. See Reverse Reformation of Money 12. Vid. Mint Religion how indanger'd 232. The Protestant Religion and Property asserted in a Coin of Charles I. 112. Reliques Popish 30 64. Resemblance of divers great Persons one to another 336. REVERSES of Greek and Roman Medals full of Erudition 3 14 15 23 24. Cap. III. 48 c. The most Authentic Records and best Commentaries shewing the most renowned Actions of the Greek especially the Roman State Families Names Titles Dignities Royal Consular Imperial Military Offices and Discipline Allocutions Armies Legions Ensigns Symbols Weapons Habillaments Processions Expeditions Stations Castrametations Naval Combats Victories Trophies Triumphs Crowns Rewards Largesses Congiares Bene factions Privileges Truces Tributes Remissions Commerce Confederates Cities Colonies Amphitheatres Theaters Thermae Circus's Hippodroms Naumachias Fora Portics Columns Obelisks Aquaeducts Bridges Havens Ways and other sumptuous Edifices and publick Works especially Temples Altars Deities Statues Colossus's Ludi Pub. Spectacula Vota Funeral Pomps Consecrations and Apotheoses In summ The Religion Laws Polity c. of the most Heroic Learned Wise Prosperous and Accomplished Monarchy in the World Reverses present the figure of Exotic Animals Inanimates Vertues Celestial Signs and give light to History Chronology Geography Critics c. 48 ad 73. and of the Modern 73 ad 177. Vid. Inscriptions Reverses without Inscriptions and Medals without Reverses 188 215. Reverses most Instructive 250. Reverses of the French King's Med. faulty 80 c. Restaurations 126 127. Revolutions 156. Richard III. little Coin of his 21. Robes 26 35 48. Rochel Expedition to Relieve 106 107. Romans dispersed their Wealth every where 190 198. Much found in Britain why not convey'd away 199. Roman Empire delivered to Vespasian 35. Emperors represented like the Gods 32. Romans at present their Character 318. Rome her Vertues and Success 6. Continues its antient Name 21. Roma Galeata 14. Rome and other Cities and Countries expressed in Medals 37. Roman Pontifs pretended Title 51. Vid. Donation Rose Noble 86. Roti and other excellent Medal-Sculptors 21 28 44 47. Vid. Sculptors Royal Oak vid. Oak Ruffs when left off succeeded by Bands 108. Ruins 70 71. Vid. Septizonium Russians Character 311. S. SACERDOTAL Utensils 33. Sackvill's Med. 100. Saints vid. CHRIST Sanguine see Temperament Saturn 38 39. Vid. Noah Saturnalia 23 24. B. Saviour's Effigies 288. Scaliger Jul skill'd in Physiognomy 303. Contest with Cardan 316. Scal. Joseph Esteem of Medals 71. Character of Queen Elizabeth 264. Censure on a Medal of King James's 101. Scepter 35 58. and Spear Symbols of Empire used before Crowns 29. Schools of Antiquities and for Med. 65. Scriptures abused by the Pope 55. Sculps in Medals and Gems vid. Talismans Taille-Douce Sculptors and Sculpture in perfection Decay'd Reviv'd 22 283. Vid. Architects Second sight 306. Sea-Dominion asserted 85. Security of the Sea asserted in Med. 87. Semissis 5. Septizonium and other noble Ruins and Antiquities by whom demolished 71. Sestertius 6 7. Sextans 5. Shekel 18 19. Ships Gallies c. 39. How long Stamp'd on the Roman Coin ibid. Shipping 166. Signatures 296. Siliqua 8. Silk-worms first brought into Europe 280. Silver when first stamped and coined by the Romans 6 14. Simpulum 48. Sistrum 62. Situation and Clime how disposing to the Inclinations and Manners of People 312 313 322 c. Vid. Climat Slaves 23. Might not be Painters 9. How Branded 186. And Chosen 303. Society Royal 167. Socrates 319. Souls whether any difference 307. Sovereignty of the Seas 55 130 135 139. Spagyrists 328. Vid. Principles Spain and Spaniards Character opposed to the French 315 321. Invasion 94. Spanheim celebrated 3 242. passim Spear 58 63. Vid. Scepter Stamp or Die 215. Vid. Taille-Douce Sculpture Prints Stater 14 19. Statues 2 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 284. M. Angelos deceit 217. Statues demolished why 68 83. Staff 58. Stirups a new Invention 55. Strangeways Col. Medal 115. Strumpets and Misses how pernicious 266 288. Study and Studious of Medals how to be qualified 240 241 251. What Authors to Consult vid. Authors Studies and Arts Contemplative and Practical who succeed in best 320. Sumptuary Laws expedient 235. Sun represented by a Stone 62 79. Superstition 65. Where most abounding 72 314. Surnames Cognomina c. 181. Swedes Character 317. Queen Christina 287. Swiss Character 311 320. Symbols of Deification 39. Vertue and Vices 59. Of Rivers 60. Of Kingdoms Countries Provinces Colonies c. 61 63. Symbola 18 56 60 63 c. Of Alliance 39. Vid. Emblem Symmetry what it signifies 307. Vid. Beauty Synthesis 24. T. TAILLE-DOUCE 256 269 289 291. Tachygraphy 167 269. Vid. Short-hand Talisman 42. Vid. Sculps Tapestry in the House of Peers 159. Tartar Character 311 315. Telescopes and other Mathematical Instruments 280. Temperament of Body how it affects the Mind 317 325 326. Vid. Humor Constitution Temperate Climats produce great and learned Men 320. Temple Vid. Reverses Teruntius 5. Theatre Oxon 65. Thoughts how to discover 339. Tin Block-Tin 215. Title see Inscriptions Lofty Titles affected by the French 179. Titles Insolent c. 183 184. Merited and undeserved ibid. Title to Dominion of the Seas 130 135 136 139. Vid. Sovereignty Titles and Claims asserted by Medals 51. Tokens 16. Trajan why called Herba Parietaria 180. His Column 54 162. Margin Travellers 263 278. Treason Gun-powder 76. Treasurer 14. Vid. Quaestor Mint Triens 5. Trigati 14. Triumviri Monetarii 14. Marked the three Metals 13. Triple Crown 34 35. Triple League 99. Triumphal Arches 71 72. Turcism and Atheism advancing apace in England 232. Turkish Coins of what Use 94. Twins how resembling and others not Twins of distant Countries 336. Typography 279. Tyranny 314. Tyrants 12 183. V. VAILLANT Learned Medalist 28 47. Varillas would not be painted 291. Venetians Character 311 318. Venus 56. Vernishes of Med. 212. Vertue not always in the most beautiful 308. Vertue and Vice attributed to the Climate 322. Vertues Cardinal 331 333. Vestibula and Porches how adorned 64. Victoriati 14. Victories famous of the English worthy Medals 159. And to be painted vide Picture Virgin Mary 288. Vid. Saints Voadicia 22. Voice what it signifies in Physiog. 335 337. Urinators 281. W. WALES Princes vid. Prince War with Holland 160. Watches and Clocks 281. Weaving Machine 163. Weight of Med. and Money 56 223 230 237. Vid. Mint William III. his Medal 156. Wilkins Bishop Real Character and his own 166 341. Winds 317. Witches 302. Wine moderately used its noble Effects 329 330. Wolsey Cardinal stamp'd Money 12. Women Learned vid. Ladies Wreck Treasure taken out of it Med. 151 152. Wren Sir Christopher 40 162. Y. YORK vid. Duke Z. ZODIAC 61. ERRATA PAG. 39. line 2. read Mythical p. 103. l. 2. dele the King on Horseback p. 343. l. ult r. Syracuses p. 118. Med. XLI should be XL and placed above the other FINIS