the Portuguese out of India This Siege began Antonio da Silvera being Governour of Dio July 1538. the first Army which came against the place consisting of six thousand Horse and thirteen thousand Foot under the Command of Alucan and Coge-Sofar and in September Solomon Bashaw Admiral of the Turks came to their Relief with a Fleet of seventy six Vessels full of Choise men and a suitable preparation of all other necessaries There was not wanting by Sea or Land the personal and constant gallantry of Assaults the subtilty of Stratagem and uninterrupted Battery of great Guns against a few men taken unprovided yet did the Enemy raise the Siege himself at the end of October and the Vice-Roy Dom Garcia de Noronha found him gone when he came to their Relief with one hundred and sixty Sail. 17. The subjection all India was in under the Fortress of Dio the old Animosities for the first Baffle received at that place and Mahumed's revenge for the Death of his Father Badur kill'd by the Portuguese begot the second Siege of Dio 1546. the chief Story of our History which if not much prejudiced by a lessening Translation may probably appear one of the greatest Actions on Record Here Envy cannot fasten that with which she so disparagingly blasted Alexanders Expeditions and Conquests in Asia That he had to do with unarm'd and unpolisht Men master'd to his hand by Vice and Luxury Courage Discipline Design and Arms were here in that height as they seem'd not to be newly learn'd in the East and must have prevailed against any one but a Dom John de Castro one so singular in all Vertues as he might Cope with any of the antient Heroes and challenge a place in the Kalendar of Saints whose constant Carriage and Influence over all India is besides the universal consent of History a strong argument for some successes which might be otherwise startled at as improbable if any can be so to that Magnanimous and Hereditary preseverance in difficulties which we have shew'd to be Entaild for above an Age upon the Portuguese To Atone the imperfections of the Translation and help the Reader in the passages of so famous and memorable a Siege I have procured and gratefully acknowledge it as an eminent favour the Maâ—â— of Dio from his Excellency the Marquess of Sandé now extraordinary Embassadour in England from the King of Portugall which I have inserted in the proper place 18. The Death of our great and glorious Dom John de Castro left not India so destitute but the following Governours added Conquests to the State Converts to the Church King John the Third was succeeded by his Grand-child Posthumus Sebastian Born with such restless desires to enlarge his Conquests against the Moors and Infidels as his thoughts had no other object The wonderfull success of his Arms in the Indies in getting ground on his Enemies the defence of Goa Besieged by Idalcan with 35000. Horse and 60000. Foot the keeping Chaul against a Siege of nine Moneths re-inforc'd with one hundred thousand Foot and 45000. Horse managed with all the horrour resoluteness and policy of Warr and the Counsel of the most Prudent about him could not so defend him against the subtle perswasions of his admiring Flatterers as to stop his fatal Voyage into Africa Anno 1578. where after a hard March in the heaâ—s and deserts second only to that of Resolute Cato's engaging with incredicle numbers of the Enemies he is by some supposed to be the third King slain in the Battail though others fond of their own Grief and his Memory tell compassionate and tender Stories of his disguise and escape and thinking so great a Light could not go out with out its last amasing Blaze believe Sebastian not yet Dead 19. Henry the Cardinal Son to King Emanuel and great Uncle to Sebastian was on his Death by the Civillians Nemine contradicente asserted King and accordingly receiv'd by the Kingdome his old Age which allow'd him but the Reign of one Year and five Moneths and the Character of his Spiritual orders beautified in him by the chast and exemplary Austerity of a Prince obliged him to endeavour to settle the Succession by appointing a meeting of the States at Almeirim there to hear the pretensions of those five Rivals who Courted the Crown The Competitors were Antonio Prior of Crato natural Son to the Infante Dom Lewis second Son to King Emanuel who for some Weeks carried himself as King at Lisbone by coyning Money and conferring Honours till forc'd away by the Duke of Alva fled to Porto thence got into France and in the year 1589. assuring Queen Elizabeth That all the Portuguese would unanimously acknowledge him if he got Footing there the Fleet design'd for the West-Indies under the Command of Captain Drake appeared in his Favour but the Portuguese answered not his expectation His only prejudice was his not being Legitimate Raynusius Duke of Parma Grand-child to Edward the fourth Son to King Emanuel by his eldest Daughter Mary excluded because the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdome provide in case a Daughter Marry out of Portugall against a Strangers pretending in her Right Catharine Dutchess of Barganza second Daughter to Edward but with the Legal advantage of having Married in the Kingdome Philip the second King of Spain Grand-child to King Emanuel by his eldest Daughter Elizabeth Married to the Emperour Charls the Fifth Emanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy Grand-child to King Emanuel by his second Daughter Beatrix Married to Charls Duke of Savoy Philip the second King of Spain having chased Prior Antonio out of Lisbone was acknowledged King of Portugall and went in Person to Lisbone in June 1581. 20. The Restauration of King John the Fourth to the Kingdome and Crown of Portugall Anno 1640. is eminently observable That the Possession of the King of Spain for threescore years had not made the Portuguese loose their Courage or Hopes to effect their desires That the King of Spain should make the Duke of Braganza whose pretences to the Crown and affections of the People he very well knew Grand-master of the Artillary who in dischage of his trust seemed to refuse the offer of the Crown That a secret intrusted with six hundred should not miscarry That the design should be perfected with only the Death of the Secretary And that its influence should be so general and powerfull as the Castillians were every where and almost at the same time laid aside particularly in Brazil where they were totally extirpated And where afterwards the States of Holland found this policy of the Portuguese seconded by the Courage of their Ancestors in taking the Reciffe in Pernambuck Ianuary 1654. a place the States with a Fleet of fifty Ships had taken from the Spaniard 1630. of such consequence That whilst the Crowns were united in one the Recovery of it was the great Debate of the Councils attempted by the Admiral Dom Antonio de Oquendo 1631. Afterwards for many years
Ceremony of the Sea by their often repeated Salutations Rejoycing and Affrightnings of the place Dom Alvaro Bacaon with the Chief Officers of the Fleet came presently to Visit Dom Iohn de Castro on Board where when the Complements were ended he gave him an account of what he heard of the Enemy and that according to Intelligence his first Onset would be upon Ceita they then fell upon 't that the Fleets of two such great Princes being joyned it lay upon both their Honours to Fight the Enemy though he should be much stronger that we Fought in our own Seas and in sight of our own Ports which would be able in the Fight to furnish us with fresh men and our battered Ships would have a refuge at hand that though the Turks should get the Victory they would be so broken as not to be able to set upon any place in the Streight which by Fighting let the success be what it would they should secure Besides the Orders they had under Seal to find out the Enemy could not be understood otherwise with safety to their Honour and Obedience Having taken this so precise and bold Resolution the Souldiers were all on Fire and the Chief Commanders Sollicitous in giving out their Orders and disposing for so great an Affair when on a suddain advises came thick that Barba-Rossa with his whole Fleet was coming towards the Streight Dom Iohn de Castro presently sends for his men who were on shore Commands the Captains to fit and trim their Ships and sends word to Dom Alvaro he was weighing who coold of his first heat by an imaginary fight of the Enemy writ to Dom Iohn that new accidents must have new Counsails that by the Spies intelligence he knew Barba-Rossa's Fleet was double to the Armados that 't was neither according to the Intention or for the Service of their Princes to lose themselves in so apparent a Danger that while their Fleets were entire the Enemy could undertake no great matter and if in the Fight they should have the worst of 't all the places of the Streight would be the reward of the Victory that 't was much against his humour to desist from Fighting but the Service of Cesar was to be minded before the Gallantry of particular Persons that he desir'd him to bring all his Fleet into Port and as the Turk mov'd they would more safely conclude what was to be done Dom Iohn de Castro answer'd the Spanish General that he alter'd not his Opinion at the fight of the Enemy that their appearing timorous would encourage the Turks whose design being to get footing in Spain the Fleets ought out of honour to engage much more out of a sense of the Effront what would the World say if the Forces of two such great Princes joyn'd only to manage a defensive Warr against Barba-Rossa letting the Turkish Banners Lord it in our Seas in sight of the Eagles of the Empire and the Cinques of Portugall that he was resolv'd to expect the Enemy not fearing to be Blam'd however the day went because if worsted lost men answer'd nothing and no body would call Conquerours to question 29. But neither had this Resolution force enough to sway the Spanish General Dom Alvaro Bacaon we are not certain whether he thought it the better or the more secure way Don Iohn de Castro put himself in the Streights mouth where he lay three days here he had advice that the Enemies Fleet steered another course by Dissentions of the Chief Officers or as other Memorials have it Barba-Rossa had received new Orders from the Turk to bring back the Fleet yet the Gallantry of Castro's staying in the Streight deserv'd envy from the Living glory from Posterity since for the obtaining a memorable Victory not Courage but Occasion was wanting though this so generous resolution was diversly tax'd in Spain those Branding it who call all extraordinary actions Temerity yet I believe those who most condem'd it would have been content to have it themselves 30. Dom Iohn seeing by the Enemies retiring those places above their fear went to Ceita to communicate some part of his instructions to Dom Affonso Noronha who receiv'd him with so many Shot as the Spaniards in Gibraltar thought the Fleet had been engag'd yet would they not weigh Anchor and come forth so alterable were they in their first so firm in their second resolution Here Dom Iohn had news that the Moors had laid close siege to Alcacere Ceguer a place our men kept in Africa at an unnecessary charge and danger the Governour was a Gentleman of the Family de Freitas he immediately sent his Son Dom Alvaro with part of the Fleet and Orders to put relief into the Town and to continue in the Port till the Enemy sail'd out first which he did providing the place with Victuals and Ammunition and the Moors Army consisting of Hot-headed men the heat of their first Onset being cool'd they rais'd the siege Dom Alvaro return'd to the rest of the Fleet which having secur'd Ceita and freed it from fear of the Turks return'd to Lisbone where the Fame of both his adventures was arriv'd before which was the greater by lighting on Valour so unquestionable but Dom Iohn who counted nothing great and despis'd his own Actions avoided popular applause by retiring to Sintra either out of Modesty or Hight not Valewing any thing he did worthy of himself 31. The King Dom Iohn was about finding out one to Govern the State of India Martin Affonso de Sousa having staid out his Time and instantly desiring a Successour the affairs of the East upon diverse Emergencies declining and he unwilling that the glory of his Actions should be foil'd by a mis-carriage in the Warr very well knowing that the Peoples ignorance might occasion such a disgrace as might discredit many Victories for so considerable an employment the King look'd upon men differently qualified upon some who for the antiquity of their Blood without respect to their Deservings us'd to Inherit the great places a second piece of Tyranny of the Nobilities invention upon others who were mean in their Birth but famous in Themselves who lost what was due to their Merits because others had none so as for so eminent an employment deserts not well Born or a bare Title would not do 32. The King on these reasons irresolv'd whom to chuse to trust with-the weight of so great a Government ask'd the Infant Dom Lewis whom as affairs now stood He should make Governour in the Indies He told him the opinion he had of Castro's Temper that though in the business of the Streights many thought he had behav'd himself too Daringly yet 't was certain there 's no Souldier but would be glad to have been guilty of so Honourable a fault that though those who envy'd him accus'd him of being High and Cynical because he begg'd no Rewards or Courted the Ministers of
who with the standing Militia were according to their computation sufficient for their Defence 63. These came with their Colours flying and with so much resolution to hinder our men from Landing as for a good while they retarded us obliging us to Fight at a stand and so close as our Souldiers could not make use of their Musquets whose first charge only they receiv'd with notorious resolution Here Dom Alvaro notably shew'd his Valour and Conduct encouraging his men to Fight sometimes by Speeches sometimes by the Example of his own Actions Ours at last saw themselves so streightned as they fought more for Life then Victory The success for an hour hung doubtfull till a great many of the Inhabitants wounded with their own fear and our Swords quitted the Field shewing in the first encounter Valour above Men in the second below Women a thing very ordinary in raw Souldiers where the greatest fear follows the greatest daring the rest by this example were getting off in fear and disorder here the Moors receiv'd great loss falling with little or no Resistance those who drop't too were so many as they hindred the rest from Flying 64. Ours entred the City mingled with the Moors where the poor men stop't o'recome with the fondness and tears of Wives and Children who then with useless compassion bore 'em company rather Witnesses then Defenders of their Lives some there were who embracing their Husbands let themselves be run through with our Lances inventing fresh sadness by a new remedy Of our Souldiers some Robb'd 'em some Defended 'em some following the disposition of the Season others of their Nature Out of desperate Love some of those Women ran amongst our arm'd Squadrons to seek their Dead seeming not to valew their Lives full of tenderness for others Wounds without any for their own at last we gain'd the City with less loss then danger because resolving to enter under the Enemies Canon Dom Alvaro was more lead on by Courage then Discipline the greater part of the Moors was Destroy'd some in the Fight most in the Flight the VVomen shew'd more Courage then their Husbands These lost their Lives they could not defend the others despis'd theirs they might have sav'd of ours there Dy'd twenty two the VVounded were more of whose number was the General hurt by an Arrow 'T was necessary to end one Cruelty to begin an other their Anger ceast and their Covetousness began Dom Alvaro gave order to Plunder the City where the Booty was as great as the Victory because either out of Confidence or Carelesness the Moors had sav'd nothing and kept in the City those who were useless for the Defence of it out of contempt of our Forces or not to dishearten their own In fine the Prize was so great that it could not all be carry'd aboard the Souldiers took the best leaving the rest as Fuel for that Fire which was to Consume the City by Dom Alvaro given up to the merciless Flames which did not a little strike the Neighbouring Colonies that place being the Richest and most Tenable of all the Coast once as it were the Bulwark of the rest now their Lamentable example 65. The General with all the Fleet weigh'd Anchor and steer'd for Goa to unlade the Ships put out of their trim by too great a Burden resolving to leave there the Sick and VVounded and return to carry on the VVarr which the Souldiers content with the Liberality and Fortune of their new General very much desir'd The news arriv'd at Goa before the Ships the Governour very much valued the Victory the people the Plunder not long after came intelligence that those who had scap'd the Rout had been to acquaint Hidalcaon with the lamentable Destruction of their City who while they vented their first grief for their Children and Kindred could not keep in the second calamity of their Goods and Houses where the devouring Fire had so mingled the Ashes they could not with peculiar tears weep over their Dead they told Hidalcaon that if he resolv'd to continue the Warr with such a people they would go and Inhabit the Deserts where they should be out of sight of those Western Beasts Born for the reproach and ruine of Asia they told and curs'd our Victories one after the other which look't bigger in their Fears then our Books 66. Hidalcaon considering the fortune of our Arms the complaints and calamities of the Inhabitants and many disaffected to his Service whom the Warr and those Successes would more embolden was inclinable to Peace thereby to remedy the Dissentions and Seditions at home which might grow stronger by the liberty of men in Arms and communicating to his Councel the present condition of things all were of opinion they ought by a feignd peace to cloak their grievances expecting till time offered 'em a fairer opportunity to set upon the State joyning their Forces with other Kings who were offended And the Moors fighting more for their conveniency then quarrel Hidalcaon sent Embassadours to the Governour frivolously excusing the Warr he made and minding him of the benefit the State might receive by his Friendship 67. The Governour in publick and in great State gave audience to the Embassadours answering them that as he sought not for Warr so he could not deny it that the felicity of the State consisted in having many Enemies because with Spoils and Victories it grew always greater but that he never deny'd Peace to any one who by his Actions and faithfull Friendship deserv'd it that he would deprive his Souldiers of the conveniences they look't for from that Warr but Hidalcaon must know the first day he was to pass for a King was that in which he treated Peace with the Portuguese Thus did he dispatch the Embassadours aw'd with so great a Courage with the same neglect did he always manage the Warrs in the East in which his Valour was equal to his Fortune 68. He presently betook himself to the dispatching particular business rewarding the Souldiers who had serv'd him whom he parted with as well satisfy'd with the rewards he gave them as his acceptance of their Service He put Commanders into the void Forts which were unprovided by the King making so just an estimate of Deserts that he was Debtor neither to conveniency or the State a virtue hardly arriv'd at by Princes and very rare in their Ministers 69. He was not less fir'd with zeal for the honour of God then for that of the State in the confusion of Warr and the noise of Arms applying himself to matters of Religion as if he had been only sent to stickle for them And the King Dom Iohn knowing his Piety as well as his Valour commended to him the propagation of the Faith and Divine worship Out of a Letter which on this Subject the King writ him is well gathered how both King and Minister were inflam'd in God's cause of which we will
of his State went immediately to meet the Bashaw at Sea secure in an innocent Conscience but the Tyrant forgetting Faith and Humanity made him with Scoffs and Derision a cruel delight in so foul a Treason be Beheaded in the Galley 'T was easie for the Bashaw upon the Death of the King to seise on the City frighted and confus'd at the violent Murder of their Prince and because the Turkish Neighbourhood cost the State blood and trouble we will in brief give you this relation of the place 73. It is situate on the Coast of Arabia the happy in twelve degrees and fifteen minutes of Northern Latitude protected by a little Mountain which with some Castles defends the entrance of the Harbour it lies in the mouth of the Straight the Port bold capable to Anchor Ships of any burden though expos'd to Westerly winds which are the Monsones in Summer Art and Nature have made it Tenable by Land securing it from the ambition of the Neighbour Princes and the incursions of the Mountainous Arabs who molest the Country with troublesome Inroads there is in the Port a little Island tolerably Fortify'd call'd by the Natives Cira before it is an other safe Harbour sheltered from many Winds where the Mecca Fleet use to come to an Anchor There are no Rivers or Fountains to water the ground it doth not sometimes Rain for two or three years whether it be the nature of the Clime or some hidden Judgment so as they fetch their water at a distance with Caravans of Camels The chief Commodity of the place is Rubarb but that which brings in most profit is the Anchorage of Ships which pass the Straight The Nation is Warlick and Cruel goes willingly to the Warr though more for Plunder then Victory 74. The Bashaw having seis'd on the City and seeing himself though an Intruder obey'd began with diverse Oppressions to break the people unarming 'em that their fear and subjection might make them more easily Govern'd he Cut off and Confiscated without any reason those who were Eminent their Lives being a fault their Estates a crime the poor Peoples suffering was more their Virtue then Cure for the Tyrant was irritated at the so servile patience of the innocent Marzaon succeeded him in the Government of the City as also in his Tyranny being so Cruel as quite to wear out the patience of the miserable Inhabitants who resolv'd rather to endure him as an Enemy then Governour They found out ways to offer their City and Obedience to the King of Campar saying they would with any Relief fall upon the Turks grown careless in a peacefull and almost hereditary Dominion much more in their Contempt of those men who as they thought had lost all memory of their Liberty and Injuries 75. The Neighbouring King with words full of Compassion and Gratitude accepted the offer whether out of ambition or humanity He selected out of his Army a thousand Souldiers well-deserving of so honourable an Action and would himself be their Companion and Commander they began to March in the silence of the Night and being come to the City the Couspiritors possest 'em of a Gate at which they entred makiug themselves with a weak resistance Masters of the Castle Marzaon with five hundred Turks Fortisy'd himself in the Palace more certain of the Danger then the Cause and Authors The first light discocovered the King Commanding his men who presently dispatch't a Trumpeter to Marzaon to tell him he had antient pretensions on that City and now the Election of the Inhabitants who under the Oppression of the Bashaw's intrusion were so ty'd up in their Voice and Liberty as not to pronounce the name of their natural Prince that he came to their help as Sufferers but much more as his own Subjects that if he would leave the City he would use him as a Friend permitting him to carry away his Arms and Baggage if not Justice and Victory should give him a double Title to his own Subjects 76. The Turk finding out the conspiracy of the Arabs and wanting Strength and Provisions for his Defence obey'd necessity and March't out with Colours flying and Drums beating to possess himself of a Castle eight Leagues off designing from thence with Relief from Bacora to reduce the City to its former slavery He began to fall upon the Caravans of Adem which furnish't the City which receiving water and provisions from the Mountain was in a few days brought to great Streights for if any Provisions came in they were few dear and stollen The deplorable people with tears in their Eyes weigh'd in the same Scale Famine and Tyranny evils which only afford a miserable Choise The Tyrant recruited his party with continual supplies which the King could not with equal Force oppose and discoursing with the Magistrates on the ways of saving the City they put him in mind of the Fame of our Victories against the Turks and our Fidelity in protecting our Confederates They resolv'd to dispatch a small Bark to the Governour of Ormus who was then Dom Manoel de Lima offering him a Fortress and the Revenues of the Custom-house withall letting us understand the danger the State would be in if the Turk got footing in the City 77. 'T was reported Marzaon in a short time expected considerable Relief from Balsora and if forborn till his Recruits arriv'd would by open force fall upon the City on which the King of Campar shewing himself a Souldier in his Discourse and Courage unwilling that Stock should take faster Root resolv'd with three thousand Choise men to Besiege the Fortress which with greater Resolution then Fortune he engag'd in being Kill'd in the first assault The Arabs seis'd with fear at the Death of their King left the Siege to Bury the Body though upon that oecasion Revenge had been more opportune then Piety 78. The Vessel which went for Ormus at the entrance of Cape Rosalgate met with Dom Payo de Noronha who with twelve small Galleys guarded that Straight and understanding the Arabs pretensions thought that Relief worthy some great Commander and writ to the Governour of Ormus that if he design'd not that honour for himself not to refuse it him Dom Manoel sent him two Ships more and some select Souldiery with them to go and secure the City whilst he was making greater Levies and after an honourable reception Counsel'd the King of Campar's Embassadour to ask a Fleet of the Governour of India who was one would not deny protection to the States friends especially against the Turks whose Warr was look't upon as the Inheritance of our Arms. 79. Dom Payo arriv'd at Adem where he was receiv'd with what affection and greatness they could shew to their own Prince and the City delivered him as Defender and Governour They planted our Colours for which all vow'd solemnly to Dye letting themselves Blood in their Breasts Barbarous but Loyal demonstrations and
all He kept the Souldiers as what would prove the Ruine of the State from Merchandizing He set upon no Action which he did not atchieve being ready in Execution mature in Counsel amidst the employments of a Souldier he preserv'd the virtues of a Religious man was frequent in visiting Temples a great honourer of Church-men mercifull and liberal to the Poor had great Devotion to the Cross of Christ which he Reverenc'd in its Figure by a low inclination without any difference of time or place and so Religiously was he fir'd with the Worship of this most holy Representative as he rather chose to Build a Temple to its Memory then raise a House to his Posterity leaving it on his Fatherly blessing to his Son Dom Alvaro that if he found in the favour or justice of the King any recompence for his Services he should with that Build a Convent for the Franciscan Recollets in the Mountain of Sintra and name the House The invocation of the Holy Cross. Dom Alvaro de Castro Heir apparent to the virtues of so pious a Father gave order for Building the Convent not so great for the Majesty of the Pile as for the Sanctity of the Penitents who Inhabit there Being the first time sent from King Dom Sebastian Embassadour to Pope Pius the Fourth he obtain'd of him to priviledge the Altar of the Convent for all Masses and on the day of the Invention of the Cross Plenary indulgence to all those who pray'd for the pressing necessities of the Church and designedly for the Soul of Dom Iohn de Castro so singular and unusual a grace as we have not known granted to Soveraign Princes It is apparent the Fame of his Victories was as loud in Italy as that of his Virtues attested by so Illustrious a testimony from the Vicar of Christ for these and other Virtues we believe he now enjoys in Heaven nobler Palmes in a more eminent Triumph He had three Sons who all expos'd themselves to the dangers of Warr as their Fathers blessing Dom Miguel the Youngest who in the Reign of King Dom Sebastian went to the Indies and Dy'd in the Government of Malaca Dom Fernando burnt in the Mine at Dio Dom Alvaro with whom he seemâ—d to share his Palmes and Victories the Son and Companion of his Fame who returning to the Kingdome without any other Riches then the Wounds he receiv'd in the Warr Married Dona Anna de Attayde Daughter to Dom Lewis de Castro Lord of the House of Monsanto He was a particular Favourite to King Dom Sebastian entrusted by him in the greatest Affairs and places of the Kingdome went on diverse Embassies to Castile France Rome and Savoy Was of the Council of State and sole Superintendent of the Exchequer and in the midst of so eminent Offices Died Poor though he Deceast a Favourite The END An Index of the Most Observable things in this History A. Adem A City of Arabia the Situation lib. 4. num 73. pag. 242. Rax Soliman seiseth on it by Treachery lib. 4. num 74. pag. 243. Is succeeded by Marzaon ibid. The Inhabitants offer it to the King of Campar ibid. He desires aide and offers a Fortress there to Dom Manoel de Lima lib. 4. num 76. pag. 245. The Inhabitants receive Dom Payo de Noronha who comes to relieve them lib. 4. num 79. pag. 245. Being forsaken by him they give notice of it to the Governour lib. 4. num 80. pag. 246. The Gallantry of some Portuguese in this Warr lib. 4. num 84. pag. 248. The Turks besiege the City lib. 4. num 86. pag. 249. They enter by Treachery lib. 4. num 87. pag. 250. How the Arabbs forsaken by us behave themselves lib. 4. num 87. pag. 249. Dom Affonso de Noronha Governour of Ceita lib. 1. num 25. pag. 13. He receives Dom John de Castro with great ceremony lib. 1. num 30. pag. 17. Agacaim The Governour Dom John de Castro arrives at the City lib. 4. num 62. pag. 237. Falls upon the Inhabitants lib. 4. num 63. pag. 238. They fly lib. 4. num 64. pag. 238. Dom Alvaro de Castro persues them lib. 4. num 65. pag. 238. They face about lib. 4. num 66. ibid. Their General falls lib. 4. num 66. pag. 239. Dom Alvaro Bacaon Admiral of the Emperours Navy lib. 1. num 25. pag. 13. Visits Dom John de Castro on Board lib. 1. num 28. pag. 15. They discouse about the Fight ibid. Resolve to engage ibid. Dom Alvaro changeth his Opinion lib. 1. num 28. pag. 16. Dom Alvaro de Castro Goes to the Indies with his Father lib. 1. num 17. pag. 8. Is Knighted by Dom Estevaon da Gama lib. 1. num 20. pag. 10. Returns with his Father to the Kingdome lib. 1. num 21. pag. 10. Goes to relieve Alcacer Ceguer lib. 1. num 30. pag. 17. Goes again to India with his Father lib. 1. num 37. pag. 20. Goes against Hidalcaon lib. 1. num 59. pag. 38. Sets Sail with six Ships lib. 1. num 60. pag. 38. The prize he takes ibid. After destroying the City of Cambre returns for Goa lib. 1. num 65. pag. 42. Goes with relief to Dio lib. 2. num 88. pag. 108. The Commanders who go with him ibid. The difficulties of the Voyage lib. 2. num 122. pag. 127. Is forc't back to Bacaim ibid. Sets forth from thence for Dio lib. 2. num 125. pag. 130. Is forc't back again lib. 2. num 156. p. 148. Sets Sail again and puts in at Agacaim lib. 2. num 158. pag. 14â— Takes a Ship belonging to Cambaya ibid. Arrives at Dio with forty Ships ibid. His reception by the Commander ibid. Takes his Post on the Work where his Brother Dom Fernando was Kill'd pag. 150. Adviseth his Father of the state of the Fortress lib. 2. num 159. pag. 150. Is against the Souldiers Sallying forth on the Enemy lib. 2. num 162. pag. 152. But seeing their resolution bears them company lib. 2. num 163. pag. 152. His Courage and Discipline lib. 2. num 166. pag. 153. He gets upon the Wall and being hurt with a stone falls down as Dead pag. 154. Refuseth a great Ransome offered him by Rumecaon for a Janizary Captain lib. 2. num 179. pag. 161. The Governour being arriv'd at Dio gives him 800 Portuguese for the Fight lib. 3. num 14. pag. 178. His Courage in the Action lib. 3. num 17. pag. 183. The danger he is in lib. 3. num 22. pag. 185. He enters the City pag. 186. The Governour his Father makes him a Commander against Hidalcaon lib. 4. num 38. pag. 226. He fights in the Van-guard with extraordinary Courage lib. 4. num 41. pag. 227. Makes the Enemy fly ibid. Goes to Dio with his Father the Governour lib. 4. num 43. pag. 228. Goes to Surat lib. 4. num 44. pag. 229. Sends Dom Iorge de Menezes to get Intelligence lib. 4. num 45. ibid. And after him other
that the faults in the Fortification were judiciously observ'd what was Debated was immediately put in hand and with the choice of a convenient Situation he ordered Materials and Work-men for a new defence and this going on in the Governours sight the Gentry as well as others carry'd Stones some for Flattery others to promote the Building 39. The Fortress made tenable and the Sick recover'd by the fresh Air and fresh Provisions on shore the Governour set Sail again and having the Winds always favourable cast Anchor on the 10th of September at the Barr of Goa where Martin Affonso de Sousa by a Ship which went before having had notice his Successour was near provided to receive him with such Jollity as might shew the content he had in welcoming his Guest and leaving his Government he went presently in a Rich Brigantine to meet him at Sea whence he carry'd him to Correa's House of Pleasure whilst the Solemnity of his reception was preparing there he Feasted the Governour Gentlemen and Captains of the Fleet with so much Exquisiteness in the manner and aboundance in the meat that it seem'd he was doing the last honour to his expiring charge That night there were Balls and Dancing Rejoycings which the simplicity of old Portugall carry'd to the East Here the Governour staid two days attended by all the Gentlemen of the place who forsook Martin Affonso de Sousa even those who were his Favourites and he had rais'd from nothing disciplin'd in the Oriental ingratitude of the Indians who cast stones at the setting Sun and adore him rising 40. When the Entry was to be the two Governours were in a Faluque with gilded Oars and an awning of divers-colour'd Silks the Castles and Ships entertain'd 'em with the horrour of reiterated shootings the Vivas and expectation of the common people did without any cunning flatter the new Government they came to Land at a great place where the Common-Councel in a body expected them and when they were plac'd with all the Ceremony vanity for that purpose hath invented one of the Magistrates made an Elaborate speech in which the State expected a great deal of happiness in the new Minister after the Governour had heard the publick Flatteries he listned to the private ones of a great many who with them made way for their particular Interest 41. When the Solemnity was ended and Don Iohn possest of the Government of India Martin Affonso went to Cochim to provide for his return into the Kingdome the Governour immediately was engag'd in the care of quieting the People who were all in an Uproar for the alteration of the Money which the King's Officers had rais'd to the prejudice of the Subjects and the scandal of the Neighbouring Pagans I 'le tell the occasion begun it 42. There is current in India a low sort of Money which they call Bazaruccos which amongst Christians Moors and Pagans had always the same Valew this being of Copper which then came from Portugall and bore no price the Officers thought fit for the King's profit to raise the price the alteration of the Money was solemnly Proclaim'd and it began to pass at the new Rate but as this Legal worth was not intrinsical the Valew coming from the Law not from the weight the Pagans not subject to strangers Laws brought not in the usual Provision and the people seem'd to suffer by their own orders the Chief Officers back'd it as the King's cause standing for the King's profit in the Peoples destruction the whole City cry'd out that the Kings of Portugall never encreast their Treasuries by their miseries nor us'd to Drink in Gold plate their Subjects tears that the Pagans and Moors made their Braggs that not being able by the Sword to ruine the Portuguese by their own Laws they Destroy'd 'em arming against 'em the ambition of their Governours The hunger and liberty of the Petitioners grew high justify'd by a good cause and the Conformity of the common oppression with these grievances the Magistrates of the City with the poor Women and Children some full of Complaints the other of Arguments went to the Governour who Commanding the people to be quiet heard as a Judge the Magistracy as a Father the rest and hunger admitting of no long Cures ordered the next day for determining the business thus he sent them away satisfy'd some believing that as was the custom of India it being his predecessors Act it would by him be counted unjust The same evening he sent for the King's Officers and after hearing what they had to say for themselves referr'd the matter to the ablest Lawyers and those best skill'd in the policy of that State who unanimously agreed the decree to be Cruel and very contrary to the Pious intentions of our Princes this opinion too was countenanc'd by Custom and the Peoples privileges besides other Legalties which not to make our History tedious we lay aside This Law being revok'd by the Governour Provisions began to come in from the Inland-Country and the people made him a present of those Lives he had by the indulgent remitting the Tax redeem'd 43. This business made an end of with so much repute to the King's Clemency Embassadours came to him from Hidalcaon who after the Customary salutes and giving him joy of his Office desir'd the Delivery of a Prisoner on the terms agreed on with his Predecessor and this business coming to that height as to engage the State in an open Warr we will not leave its beginning unrelated 44. Bazarb Prince of Balagate Dying when Nuno de Cunha was Governour Meale though in his Cradle was Heir apparent to the Crown then was Hidalcaon the second Person in the Kingdome in Power and the first in Courage having in the late Warr with the Neighbour Princes given a large testimony of his Actions Hidalcaon as amongst this so Barbarous a people Men reign oftner by making use of their Opportunities than by observing what 's Right seeing his own strength and the Heirs incapacity pave his ambitions way to the Crown began to try the hearts of the great Ones before whom with a great deal of Artifice he deplor'd the miseries of the Kingdome in so Infant a successour under whom they must obey or endure as so many Kings all those he fancy'd that the Princes with whom they had now Warrs would not let slip this occasion of ruining 'em when they saw him who should defend 'em in the Cradle that where there were so many they ought to find out one to save their Country that he would be the first should obey him because the Government of the Kingdome could not wait those slow motions by which Nature gives a little one first Strength then Understanding that if with unprofitable obedience they should adore Meale in his Nurses arms he did not doubt but by keeping their King they would lose their Kingdome He was affable to the People liberal to
the Souldiers as if he desir'd to Reign not for himself but for them Ambitiously making use of the whole Chain of Vertues not as necessary for Living but Reigning The great Ones at last offered him the Crown believing he would always remember he was his Subjects Creature and â—etain constantly in his Memory so signal a grace 45. Hidalcaon was Liberal and Stout and without doubt would have been a great Prince had he kept the Kingdome by the same Vertues he put on to atchieve it but seeing himself obey'd those affected Artifices not having any natural motion were at an end and broke out into ambition and pride the Vices of his Person He did not then speak of killing Meale either out of a counterfeit Clemency or an unheard of Cruelty intending perhaps that the poor Prince should by a servile obedience confirm the Scepter he had usurp'd from him The Nobility of the Kingdome repenting when 't was too late and seeing they now could not without danger be either Traitors or Loyal consulted how Meale might secure himself from the Tyranny of Hidalcaon as if the unfortunate Prince had had more right to his Life then his Kingdome some years past in these contrivances in which Meale arriv'd at Age to apprehend his danger and considering that his presence reproach'd the Tyrants guilty Conscience who plotted with his blood to quiet the memory of his usurping the Crown by the Counsel of those who took the Kingdome from him He went to Cambaya where he was well receiv'd both King and People shewing how much they resented the miseries of the Blood-Royal but as such favours have more ambition in them then charity they lasted not long for only the first days they treated him as a King the rest as one Persequuted but Meale still continu'd in Cambaya counting more tolerable the sleights of a Stranger then the injuries of a Tyrant 46. In the mean time Hidalcaon's great design was to destroy those who gave him the Crown whom for all they had a just title to his favour by being complices in his Treason he hated because they put him in mind either of his Obligation or faults and being now jealous of his own Actions he found that Cruelty would root him faster then Clemency so that his own Vice and necessity together made him doubly so upon pretence of correcting faults either imputed or forgot covering his Tyranny with a veil of Justice he inchroach'd upon the Estates of the great Ones to Level 'em with the common people Confident by pulling down the Nobility to get into the poorer sort who out of a natural dislike of their own Fortune do always delight in the fall of those above them and they seeing their patience work'd not their quiet consulted how they might restore Meale some were for Revenge others for Calling him in they had their private meetings where they took divers Resolutions which fear or the difficulty of the business harder to execute then design every day altered their forc'd obedience being at last wrack'd to the utmost stretch by new oppressions they endeavour'd by Hidalcaon's Death to redress their Error and hide the shame of their former Treason the Desperate not the Bold were of this opinion because now Hidalcaon liv'd with the strength of a King and the circumspection of a Tyrant He was assisted by the people who hating the King lov'd the Cruelties he us'd against the Gentry who for the disproportion of theirs and the others Fortunes are always obnoxious The Plotters fearfull of themselves and that their hatred would cool by delay their base servitude too turn Customary seeing their own Force not equal for the enterprize laid out for assistance from abroad they bethought themselves of imparting the business to Martin Affonso de Sousa then Governour of the State of India desiring him to send for Meale from Cambaya and let him be at Goa that though he refus'd the glory of restoring him he thereby would keep Hidalcaon in awe and inclinable to serve the States occasions 47. Martin Affonso being perswaded that 't was more convenient to increase then extinguish this Flame which begun to burst out 'twixt Hidalcaon and his Subjects and that the weakning of a Warlike and Powerfull neighbour would turn to the States advantage Cloaking these conveniences with more plausible pretences as the sheltering under our Arms a dispossest and persecuted Prince an Action glorious abroad and profitable at home resolv'd to find out Meale at Cambaya giving him notice of his Subjects inclinations for his Restauration who would be more eager when they saw the State protected both his Cause and Person The Moor upon the receit of so unlook'd for a message counting the pity of men not only different but contrary in Religion extraordinary betook himself to the faith and favour of the State and with his poor Family embarking himself arriv'd at Goa where he was by the Governour receiv'd with honours more befitting his Blood then Fortune by some construed to be done him more for effronting the Neighbour then respecting the Guest Meale's arrival who begun now to Reign in the hearts of a great many being voic'd all along that Coast his party began to be stronger among the Plotters who now saw his cause sheltered under the protection of our Arms and his name sounding better in the peoples Ears 48. Hidalcaon upon consideration that the State whose victorious Arms were the more dreadfull by their nearness did not send for Meale only to secure his Person but defend his Cause dispatch'd Embassadours to Martin Affonso de Sousa giving him notice that he understood Meale was in his power whom he thought Fortune preserv'd to disturb the peace of the East that he knew what Title some Seditious spirits gave him who being weary of Obeying strove to set up new Lords whom they might Command that Hidalcaon would not tell what mov'd him to seize on the Crown because if Princes were bound to give account of their Pretensions there were no difference 'twixt King and People that the right of Princes was to be judged of God not of Men that 't was the Worlds opinion now that there was no difference in Princes titles but only in their Persons that he deny'd not that Contemptible and Cowardly Meale was of the Royal blood but that the fault Nature committed Fortune would correct by giving the Kingdome to him who was Daring and Stout that nature to Lyons only gave a Crown by their Birth Men she let winn it and wear it that many things appearâ—d injust to the World because besides Custom that for a man who was worthy of it to possess himself of a Kingdome would at first be look'd upon as a Scandal afterwards as a Law that Meale was the basest Fellow ever Born in his Kingdome and he the most Fortunate and naturally all men hated natures Monsters and lov'd Fortunes prodigies that we should examine our selves how we came to Lord it in Asia
what Kin we vvere to Sabayo that he should leave us Goa how near vve were Sultan Badour to Inherit Dio from him whether Achem left us Malaxa by his Will and all the places which pay us Tribute all over the East that he desir'd us not to quarrel at that Title in him that made us absolute Lords of the World that we should let God alone with the Government of the World and being Born farthest West not busie our selves to compose the Disorders of Asia that he would have us know he had in his Kingdome Mines of different Metals that some furnish'd him with Gold for his Friends others with Iron for his Enemies that in the last place he desir'd the Governour to deliver him up Meale that by the mercy he should use him withall the World might see how worthy he was to Reign who so treated his greatest Enemy that his Embassadours had order to settle all that concern'd the State 49. Martin Affonso having receiv'd the Letters and given Audience to Hidalcaon's Embassadours understood by 'em that they proffer'd for Meales person an hundred and fifty thousand Pardaos and the main Land of Bordez and Salsete very considerable to the State for its Revenue and Nearness to Goa Martin Affonso look'd upon the business as very weighty and either Face promising great advantages the restoring of a Prince and pulling down a Tyrant was a design worthy the Arms of Christians by which the State would purchase no ordinary reputation letting the World see that our Banners were not displaid in Asia either to usurp Kingdoms or get Riches since their employment was that the Pagans and Moors of the East should keep the true Faith towards God and Justice amongst themselves On the other side 't was said that if Meale after a long Warr should come to Reign he could not give the State more then now without it Hidalcaon offer'd and that the Moors by their hatred and Religion being Enemies the World would laugh to see us with our own Blood destroy one Infidel and set up an other when too our happiness depended on both their ruines besides that our Arms came not to India to defend the Enemies of the Faith but to destroy 'em that if Meale found no Protection from the King of Cambaya his near Kinsman why should he look for 't from the Portuguese to whom he was an Enemy that when he found himself restor'd and strong the first Lance that was hurl'd against the State would be his because the Neighbourhood of so brave men who made him King would be suspicious to him and the Memory of so great a good turn was enough to make him Hate us 50. Martin Affonso on grounds not throughly weigh'd resolv'd at last to deliver up Meale dispach'd the Embassadours and with them Galvaon Viegas an Honourable Gentleman with full Power to settle the Contract in the manner it hath been related sending with the consent of the Embassadours to take immediate possession of the main Land in virtue of Hidalcaon's profer 51. In this condition did Dom Iohn de Castro find the affairs of Meale and was sued to by a new Embassy from Hidalcaon in confidence of the Capitulation made with his Predecessor but Dom Iohn with different maturity answered Hidalcaon that the Portuguese were faithfull to their Enemies much more to their Guest that the propositions of his Predecessor were more for a right understanding of the cause then to determine it that the main Land belong'd to the State by more antient Grants and that it was just out of its Revenue to maintain Meale in gratitude to the Kings his Predecessors who annex'd it to the State that he should suffer him quietly to enjoy this little memory of his Right that the States securing his Person was not yet Protection but Charity that he should not with over-hasty Arms disturb the Peace for then he would make sure what he fear'd provoking the State to take in hand the revenging of both and because his Embassadours had hinted that the denying Meale would necessarily make a Breach He put 'em in mind that most of the Fortresses we had made in India were founded on the ashes of destroy'd Kingdoms that the Portuguese were like the Sea which raiseth it self and grows greater in Storms that for his part as he sought not a Warr so he could not deny one 52. With this answer the Governour dismist the Embassadours who by his firmness in delivering it understood that neither fear or advantage would bend him to give up Meale Immediately he put himself in readiness to make or expect a Warr which coming from a neighbour Prince we might sooner feel the Blow then see the Sword He gave orders for the raising of Horse which were to be about two hundred and to serve under the same Colours a more stout then orderly Militia He entrusted the Guard of the City with the Train-bands and had Souldiers in pay ready for any suddain invasion of the Enemies He set upon the making ready the Fleet out of hand which by the Voyages and Warrs of his Predecessor and the poverty of the State he found all in pieces and the strength of the Navy being what is most considerable here he wholly laid himself out He new fitted the Vessels which lay in the River made three Galleys and six Round-bottom'd Ships with wonderfull speed not failing the Officers in their pay or his thanks by which means the work went on diligence over-coming time He nam'd Captains of those Galleys and Ships who intended the work as their own business an expedient which did a great deal towards the quickness of the dispatch the goodness and plenty of Ammunion and Provision with which in an opportune and short time the Fleet was ready with this he so bridled the Neighbour Princes as he hindred 'em from joyning with Hidalcaon who had already sollicited them to shake off the yoak as an advantage to the common Liberty 53. Hidalcaon having notice of the Governours resolution appeal'd to the Justice of his Sword endeavouring to carry the Warr from home before Meale's presence rais'd the people who by their commands and advantages in the Warr would make the cause their own He presently on severe penalties forbid the Victuallers carrying the ordinary Provision to Goa which having it all from the Inland was not furnish'd to endure so suddain a Warr after this he sent Acedecaon a stout Turk with ten thousand men to take in that part of the main Land which Liv'd under our Obedience 54. But Dom Iohn de Castro knowing that first successes give reputation to a Warr went out with two thousand Foot and the Horse of the place to resist the Enemy and being perswaded by a great many Gentlemen that he should not engage his person in so unequal a party that it was not for the honour of a Governour of India to put on his Sword against one of Hidalcaon's Captains nor to let
Colour of which 't was found 58. The same Miracle hath successively for many years been seen on the same day and we know by good Authors and faithfull Relations that it yet happens sometimes by which means those Christians with a stronger Faith receive our Doctrine This Miracle after much arguing on both sides was clear'd before the Bishop of Cochim in open Court the proceedings came to this Kingdome in the time of the King Dom Henry the Cardinal who by the consent of Pope Gregory 13 th confirm'd the Miracle which is now divulg'd in our own Chronicles and forein Authors Dom Iohn de Castro receiv'd the news of this Miracle with no ordinary shew of Piety protecting Saint Thomas's Christians opprest with the slavery of Pagan Princes who had taken from 'em certain Grants and Priviledges which by the intercession of the Holy Apostle had by the Kings their Predecessors been indulg'd 'em but by the hatred of the Infidels and corruption of the times were only remembred 59. Hidalcaon gave not over infesting us on the main Land with his usual incursions which kept us on continual Duty and hindered the Husbandmen from Tilling upon which the Governour resolv'd to strike where the Blow might be most felt He presently Commanded his Son Dom Alvaro to go out with the Fleet he had provided with Orders to do all the hurt he could in Hidalcaon's Ports giving the Souldiers all free Pillage that the hopes of Plunder might make 'em not mention some Arrerages the State ow'd 'em and put by others from playing the Merchants a Corruption which stole upon a great many by the foul example of their Superiours 60. Dom Alvaro put to Sea with 900. Portuguese and 400. Indians on six Ships and some long Boats with Oars and after a few days Sailing spy'd four of Hidalcaon's Ships going with Stuffs and other Commodities to Cambaya Dom Alvaro presently commanded his Captains to come on Head him and the Boats to keep close to the shore for fear the Enemy should out of Desperatness run a ground the Ships were Merchant men and but few Souldiers in 'em who seeing they could neither fly nor defend themselves sent aboard the Admiral two Moor Merchants who with reasons and tears shew'd themselves not concern'd in the difference 'twixt Hidalcaon and the State and profer'd a reasonable present toward the expence of the Fleet but neither the covetousness of the Souldiers or the policy of Warr would let them be heard but the Ships were Boarded and sent to Goa that the Prize might be divided according to the Governours Proclamation Upon the arrival of those Ships at Goa the people was stangely transported seeing Victories so got one upon the neck of an other in the first they prais'd the Courage of the Father in the second the Fortune of the Son 61. Dom Alvaro seeing opportunity and weather on his side and that the Souldiers were contented because they had in hand the fruit of their late Enterprize commanded his Pilot to steer to the Port of Cambre where since the breaking out of the Warr Hidalcaon kept double Garrison there were two Forts with Ordinance planted at the entrance of the Barr and the Chanel was so narrow that without eminent danger our Ships could neither pass through or ride there The General Dom Alvaro put to the Captains of the Fleet the apparent difficulties which every one concluded of moment enough to be considered of alleging that voluntary undertakings ought not to be set upon with so certain danger that they should more to purpose carry on the Warr against Hidalcaon by Lording it in his Seas and in his sight taking away his commerce that there was more hazard then profit in what could be done by Land that as they saw the Chanel was so begirt with those Forts our Ships must pass by the mouth of the Canon that the first Ship they should shatter would hinder the rest from passing But Dom Alvaro urging that he was resolv'd to execute his Orders which were to get on shore and burn the Enemies Ports the Councel replied by proposing that he as General should stay to Command at Sea and that most of the Commanders of the Ships would strive to pass the Barr because if any thing should happen amiss to the Admiral of that Fleet Son and Heir to the Governour of India what greater Dammage could the State receive then the necessity of engaging in so just a Vengeance On which Dom Alvaro in a great deal of passion brake off the consult saying that he car'd for no Victories where his danger was not as great as the least common Souldiers that out of obedience he was their General and in danger their Companion that he had instructions from the Governour to venture his own Person on every occasion his Souldiers but upon necessity that he look'd upon the Dangers they represented to be less then those he came in chase of because Honour was not to be purchas'd without hazarding that he came from Portugall to find out this Day which he hop't would be glorious for them all and that in this Resolution he ask't not their advice only that they would consult about the manner of the falling on The Generals Gallantry and Youth did then excuse his Rashness afterwards the Success 't was agreed that the men should go into the long Boats and that at the beginning of the Dawning when Day-light was not well broke and so the Enemy not sure of his aim they should get on shore they all that Night provided themselves seeing in the Generals looks hopes of Victory The General having left sufficient Guard on the Ships got on shore with 800. Choise men and with Fortune so declaring for him that of a great many Shot that lighted on the Boats not one either kill'd or wounded a Souldier this accident being a Disposition to or beginning of the Victory 62. The City which ran along a great Plain contain'd five thousand Families the Houses by themselves and not leaning on one an other without any other policy union or share of ground then what every one took for his pleasure or ability and yet the Turrets and Balconies of every House did altogether present a rude Stateliness as if Built with more Pride then Art it had on the North-side a little Mountain whence ran some small Rivulets with no name which contributed both to the pleasantness and fertility of the Soil The City was antiently Inhabited by the Bramenes now by Merchant Moors a place amongst the Eastern people always famous then for Superstition now for Wealth it was not defended by either Walls or Works the Inhabitants being secure by the Power of their Lords or the Peace they preserv'd with the Neighbouring Princes but at present the Warr we had with Hidalcaon beginning Victoriously the Moors saw the danger they were in by example and had drawn two thousand paid Souldiers to Guard the City
a Light appear'd from Heaven discovering the ways of Life arm'd against the innocent Christians a Pagan thereabouts call'd Tolon who had usurp't the Island of Moro. He with infernal Zeal began to persecute the new Converts forcing them by new Torments to turn Renegados from that Faith they had profest for which many chose to shed their Blood in a happy Martyrdome others of weaker Faith yielded to the Torments The Tyrants boldness encreasing to the Affronting of our Arms oblig'd 'em out of obedience to the Faith and for the service of the State to Chastise that Idolater The persecuted and fearfull came with complaints to the Portuguese in Ternate who resolving to bring down the Infidel with more zeal then strength went to find him out at his own Home Their motion could not be so secret but the Tyrant had notice of it who by fortifying the entrance of the Island with Trenches and strong Barricados provided for his Defence and in case our men should get those he had strew'd Splinters and long poyson'd Crows-feet in all the Avenues which led to the City o're which whilst ours in the heat of Anger and Victory past they must necessarily lose themselves It hapned that after winning the first Stacade which the Infidels probably quitted without any hot dispute in confidence of their second Stratagem whilst ours baited with the flight of the Enemy were incautelously passing on there fell on a suddain a thing miraculous such a quantity of Ashes from the Sky as made ours stop till after the Air was clear'd they pursu'd their Victory over the Crows-feet where the Ashes had made the way hard and sure so the astonish't Infidels afterwards related it making use of the Miracle for an argument of the truth of that Doctrine they persecuted 72. Thus did Asia yield to the Faith and the State in the time of Dom Iohn de Castro who had in one hand the Gospel in the other a Sword and fill'd the East with the discourse of so great an Action as was the Voluntary undergoing a Warr for the defence of Meale a persecuted Moor whose Subjects had refus'd him their Obedience and the Princes his Allies their Protection 73. Asia gave him but little time of rest in the Triumphs of his Victories Cambaya beginning immediately to rouse him with the Alarums of a new Warr the noise of it was already in the States intelligence but being the most notable piece of our History we will relate it in a Book apart THE LIFE OF DOM IOHN DE CASTRO The Second Book THE Portuguese were more fear'd then lov'd by the Princes of Asia on the Death of Sultan Badur King of Cambaya whose private Faults and publick Punishments got him by the Prerogative of the Blood-Royal the peoples affection either out of the natural Commiseration to Sufferers or reverence of Majesty and hatred of our Government not less abhorr'd as Forein then Powerfull 2. Mahumud King of Cambaya Heir to the Crown and wrongs of Badur who Dy'd in the Government of the great Nunho de Cunha equally fir'd with glory and revenge did as our Chronicles relate design to take Dio from the Portuguese and by the Confederacy of other Princes to drive 'em out of India an undertaking as some of his own were of opinion not very difficult their Arguments were that the State was a monstrous Body whose Head being in the West fed the Members so infinitely distant from it by the interposition of so much Sea and Land that Cambaya's strength was so great that as well by its Ruine as Victories it could crush the State already weakned with so many accidents The great Ones and Nobility of the Kingdome were divided in their Opinions some arguing from the first Siege their VVounds at it and Memory of it being yet fresh thought the Portugueses Arms fatal to Cambaya and though they took to heart the Death of Badur yet by others patience in taking Affronts did they excuse their own they tax'd those who were the first Authors of making peace with the State and those who now would have it broken the last because they kept not their Faith the first because they were not sensible enough of injuries Others as when things are uncertain it frequently falls out discours'd to the contrary and found as many arguments for Warr as Victory 3. Amongst all the rest the most Powerfull and Obnoxious man of Cambaya and who had got the best share in the King's favour with a great deal of Caution spurr'd on the Warr believing the Heart-burnings which were against his Fortune and the Envy of the great Ones would being the fruits of Peace cease in the common danger and by his Command and Power in the Warr he should preferr others who being his own Creatures would be true to him I 'l give a short relation of the man because his name will often occurr in his History 4. Coge-Sofar was by Nation an Albanese and the Child of Catholick Parents though the Fruit degenerated from the Stock He had serv'd some time in the Warrs of Italy more taken notice of for a brave then a Souldier in all Mutinies and Tumults pick't out as the worst for some years he led this loose Life without either reward or punishment untill like a restless man who had rather seek then expect his Fortune he chang'd his Profession of a Souldier becoming a Merchant for being Cunning and Covertous this was the nearest and surest way to what he aim'd He begun in a little time knowing the opportunity and seasons of Commerce to grow great by his business being at once Liberal and Covetous for his own ends cunningly making use of both Vice and Vertue His Stock and Credit was at last so considerable as Trading up and down the Streights with three small Vessels of his own of different Lading he was met with by Rox Solyman Admiral for the Soldan of Cairo who Boarded him made him yield and took what he had The Prize was greater then the Victory and Solyman for the credit of his own reputation treated him Honourably presenting him to the Soldan as a Prisoner of Quality valuing more his Person then his Booty Coge-Sofar began to be as content with his misfortune as if it had been of his own seeking He was experienc't Souldier enough by his Service in the Armies in Italy and Flanders He spoke of the Forces of the Christians with malice and undervaluing as if intending to teach the Soldan to know his own strength The Soldan was by these Artiâ—ices brought to look on the Slave as capable of great things and begun first out of curiosity to listen to him afterwards out of affection Coge-Sofar with so sly a flattery commended what ere he did well or ill as it past but for freedome because making a shew to be only zealous not acceptable he kept to himself the Soldan's favour and avoided all publick honours more out of cautiousness then modesty He came
by my Blood shall see my Loyalty and be the success good or bad I shall not count Death less Honourable then Victory 8. Coge-Sofar's Arguments were for the Odiousness of the cause and the Authority of his Person well approv'd of The King after magnifying his Loyalty commits to him as to one who out-went all the rest in his Zeal and Conduct the design He immediately quickens the preparations by diverse messages to the Neighbouring Kings putting them in mind of the Affronts had been put upon 'em and offering them his Princes arms in favour of their grievances He dispach't Embassadours to Constantinople inviting the Turk to redeem the credit of his Arms by beating the Portuguese out of India a thing which as much concern'd their Religion as Policy He made way for the Succour he ask't of him with a present of so great Value as 't was more likely to stirr up the Turks ambition against his Riches then that he should send him Auxiliary Forces to maintain ' em 9. Dom Iohn Mascarenhas was then Commander in chief in Dio great by his Birth in Portugall by his Virtue in the East a man who deserv'd as well from his Fame as Fortune He by private intelligence knowing Coge-Sofar's designs aâ—d that all his preparations threatned that Fortress writ what advise he had to Dom Iohn de Castro and that he wanted Men Ammunition and other necessaries neglects which so many years Peace wink 't at or 't was perhaps that our men thought themselves secure by the reputation of the former Victory he added too that the Soldanâ—s â—s Levies were very forward and the Enemy near and that Winter would shortly come which would shut out all Relief 10. When Dom Iohn de Castro receiv'd this advise he had already sent two hundred Souldiers to the Fortress under the Commands of Dom Iohn and Dom Pedro de Almeyda Sons to Dom Lopo de Almeyda the other Commanders were Gil Coutinho and Luis de Sousa Son to the High Chancellor of the Kingdome And that he might know the condition of the Enemy He dspatch't two Envoys experienc't in the Coast and In-land of Cambaya with Letters to Soldan Mahamud in which he told him the advice he had of the Levies and preparations he had made of which he hop't for an account from him because like a Friend he would accompany him in his design which he could at present very easily do having ready at Sea a very strong Fleet and in the Fortress of Dio stout Souldiers with an Overplus of Provision who had much rather enrich themselves with the spoils of VVarr then be at the pittance of an idle Peace He charg'd too those he sent cunningly to observe the Enemies Forces what Auxiliaries he had and what the people said that so by that they might Dive into the bottom of the design But whilst our Envoys are setting Sail we will forbear speaking about the business of Cambaya to make room for the successes in the Molucco's which depend on this Government 11. The Molucco's were many years under the obedience of our Laws Discovered and Conquer'd by the Arms of this Crown which were the first of Europe came to those Islands assign'd to us by the partition the Pope made 'twixt the Kings of Portugall and Castile the King Dom Manoel had on his side the right of Arms and Laws these Islands not coming to Portugall by Conquest only but by Inheritance In the time of the King Dom Manoel the last and first of the Name the Church and State equally flourish't in those Islands the light of the Gospel in the ecclipse of Paganism shining there through his Zeal many Kingdoms receiv'd from this so happy Prince their Religion and Government This King Dom Manoel Baptizâ—d in Goa was amongst others King and Lord of the chief Islands of the Molucco's who well grounded in the Mysteries of our Faith returning to Govern and Instruct his people Dy'd without any Heir in Molucco and out of Gratitude for the benefits receiv'd of this Crown left by Solemn will Confirm'd by all the Formalities of the Law the King Dom Iohn the third Heir of the Kingdoms of the Molucco's to be successively annex't to the Crown of Portugall These Islands first discovered with Pains defended with our Blood and possest with so much Right have we seen parted with against the opinion of the best Lawyers and Geographers to Castile 12. The Governour Dom Iohn de Castro found in Goa Cachil de Aeyro one of great Power in the Molucco's who had for his Service deserv'd well of the State and was the nearest Ally'd to the Royal blood of the last Prince Dom Manoel but by many accidents so poor as he came to India to recommend himself to our Charity The Governour thinking his misfortunes not deserv'd by his Blood believing too that the memory of our Kings would be more honour'd by giving away then receiving a Kingdome invested him in the Crown of the Molucco's with this caution that in him and his Posterity the exercise of the Regality should depend on Portugall Amongst the Kings of India some made so great a gift a piece of Prodigality others of Pride but all stood amaz'd that we should take so much pains for what we gave away so easily 13. Whilst this was doing things in the Molucco's were not a little disturb'd by the arrival of three Castilian Ships which falling from their intended course got sight of those Islands and to refresh themselves after a Storm at Sea and carry their Prince more certainty of their discovery Landed in the Island Tidore I will not relate the Resistance our men made 'em because that hapned under an other Government and is Written by a better Pen I 'le but just tell what fell out in Castro's time who sent Fernaon de Sousa de Tavora to the Molucco's to dislodge the Castilians who invited by the Plenty and Richness of the Soil had a mind to enjoy the Fruits of other mens Labours and disturb the Peace and Trade of those Islands to which by Conquest and Inheritance we had a double Title Ruy Lopez de Villalobos a man more wary then Valiant was Commander of the Castilians he had proudly boasted of the strength of the Emperour Charls the Fifth his Master and of the advantage which from his Friendship those Pagan Kings might receive in their Warrs and Trade had too handled the report of us with a great deal of Disparagement and things hop't for being in the opinion of men greater then those at present some of the Islands listned to the Castilian pleading for it either sleight or forgotten Grievances 14. Fernaon de Sousa sent by the Governour arriv'd about this time at Molucco who upon information how things stood by Iurdaon de Freitas Commander in chief of the Fortress perceiv'd the Castilians party grew greater in hopes of Succour and Money promis'd from Spain As
continued their Battering for every stone they unloosned of the Fortress paying Souldiers and Canoneers their Battery did no considerable harm only Saint Iames's Bastion being the weakest or the most Batter'd was open in two places and the Breaches wide enough to enter upon assault though those within defended themselves with Retrenchments and by Night stole Earth to make up the Breaches 38. The Battery continued not without Execution the Wall being in many places open every where shattered and not a Souldier could peep through the Battlements who was not peirc't with the Enemies Arrows or wounded with their Shot which was so thick as it appear'd to be a continual Discharging Coge-Sofar little valuing the spending Ammunition or venturing Soldiers as being sufficiently furnish't and stock't with both He was too answered by our Gunns from the Fortress and with more Dammage for the Moors being in multitudes not a Bullet was spent in vain 39. The Turks were earnest to go on upon the Assault because in many places the Battery had done Dammage enough to scale the Wall yet did Coge-Sofar keep them off expecting more Force or willing by continual Duty and Wounds to abate the height of our men whose eagerness he hop't by slow Fighting to tame and waste the Forces Ammunitions and Patience of the Besieged an Argument not altogether out of the way for the Winter which had begun furiously took away the possibility of that succour which was necessary and wanted from the first day for the carelesness of Peace and suddain invasion of the Enemy had made ours unprovided to endure the weight of that Warr their confidence in that kind being so extravagant that since the siege Antonio da Sylveira held out the place was only kept by the repute of that Victory and Dom Iohn Mascarenhas had no more then forty Barrils of Powder for Canon and twenty for Musquets scarcity of Provisions as well as of Men who saw the VVarr before they expected it the Defendants were but two hundred most of them Garrison-Souldiers who were to have their first credit by that Siege 40. The Captain was not a little troubled at the State of things and the uncertainty of relief which it concern'd him as cautiously to keep from his own as the Enemy neither would he in the beginning of the Siege stint the Provision and Ammunition seeing one way the ill consequence the other the necessity of doing it when the VVatch came to tell him there appear'd nine Sail which seem'd by their Built to be Ours the transport of this News brought all the Souldiers on the VVall. The distance and closeness of the VVeather made them of different Opinions but within an hour they made the Colours of the Squadron and presently after the Admiral with the King's Arms which by contrary VVinds was working it up towards our Fortress they all had their Pendants flying and Flaggs of defiance in the main top they immediately saluted the Towers who return'd them the same Sea-civility The Moors from the Shore made many a Shot at them whilst they cast Anchor They first unladed the Ammunition and Provision afterwards the Souldiers and last of all Dom Fernando went on shore which was either the Fathers advice or the Sons gallantry 41. The Commander in chief having receiv'd those Gentlemen as Companions of his Fortune knowing of Fernando's coming went to seek him on Board and met him on the steps of the Fortress as he was coming up he took him in his Arms and spake to him as time and place requir'd offering him his own Lodging which Dom Fernando would not accept desiring him to reserve that honour till they had Peace that for the present that part of the works where was the greatest danger should be his Chamber that his Sleep would do him no good one step from the Wall Dom Iohn Mascarenhas again embrac't him wondring in so Green years to meet so Manly a temper 42. There came in the Ships good store of Powder Arms and Provision with which they might hold out the Siege till fresh Relief neither did the Governour forget to send Physick and Regallos for the Sick and Wounded The Commander shew'd the Souldiers the Governours Letter in which as we said he secur'd him of his coming for which he was providing with the greatest diligence and strength the State was capable of which put new hearts into the Besieged and made them look with an other Face upon the exigencies and preparations of the Warr which was like to continue Coge-Sofar receiving every day supplies and laying new designs for which he had from diverse places brought Engineers who were by ambition and reward put upon new inventions which made our men more sollicitous for the danger they saw not then for that before ' em 43. The Governour after having dispatch't his Son Dom Fernando gave Order for Proclaiming a Warr at Fire and Sword against the King of Cambaya as one who was perjur'd and had broke the Peace betwixt him and the State this he did with Warlike and Legal solemnities thereby to publish and justifie the motives of a Warr which kept in suspence the judgments of the whole East He writ to the Inhabitants of Bacaim minding them that as nearest they were oblig'd to succour Dio that other places help't in the States danger they in their own the Gunns which battered Dio shaking the Houses of Bacaim that he was providing to go raise the Siege and use all imaginable Hostility against Cambaya because the State never had a defensive VVarr with the Kings of the East that he desir'd 'em to be ready to accompany him with Ships and Men as was to be expected from so many Honourable Citizens and Loyal Portuguese that he left it to themselves what they would do for the Service looking that every one out of Loyalty and Love to his King should out-go his possibility 44. He writ in the same manner to all those places from which he could receive any help finding them dispos'd to the Service and for that to the spending their Estates an happiness which we must reckon upon as peculiar in his Government as on diverse occasions the History will shew He fell upon providing the Fleet with a great deal of earnestness and finding the State too poor for such an expence ask't great summs of the Merchants upon his word which was the Gold and Diamonds he only laid up a Pawn on which all men of Trading offer'd him what they had I know not if now amongst men of Power Estates of that nature go currant for so much He ordered publick and private Prayers to be made beseeching God since t' was his own to protect the cause of the Faithfull relying more upon Sacrifice then Arms his ordinary discourse was with Experienc't men about the business of Dio and was more inclin'd by the reason then the authority of the Votes 45. Our Arms in Dio did not grow rusty The
the design for which he begun to find his mens obedience more pliable having by this days experience lost a great deal of that fear they had of our Arms he presently sent the Sultan news of the Victory which was at Court solemnis'd with publick Rejoycings and Rumecaon receiv'd from the King the honours of a Conquerour being for the future better supply'd with Men Ammunition and Money on the coming in of a great part of the Nobility in hopes to go share in his Fortune He presently commanded his men to go on with the design against our Work stealing the Earth from underneath that being unfurnish't the weight might sink it by the failing of the Foundation on which it rested Dom Iohn Mascarenhas deluded this Plot by ordering an other Fort to be made within which took a less compass and by containing less Earth was fitter for defence This could not be hid from Rumecaon who brought thither a great party of Moors these with Stones Darts and Balls of Wild-fire did without intermission charge our Work-men some sure of their aim in those places the Wall discovered others by casting over it by which they Wounded our men more intent on their Work then Defence to avoid which the Commander gave order they should by hidden Lights work by Night laying the Stones by the marks and observation they had taken by Day 172. Rumecaon high and confident on the countenance the Warr shew'd him in the last Fight in contempt of the Governours coming every day expected began as one who would in his imaginary Victory already enjoy the ease of Triumph to Build a new City whether 't were to put his men in heart or as a Credulous man he grounded upon the prosperity of his imagin'd successes He made Palaces for himself with that Order and Grandeur the wantonness of Peace would have allow'd off He set out quarters for the Officers by that obliging 'em to defend their own Dwellings shewing in the Fabrick no less Skil then Pride He ordered the laying Boats across in that place of the River which goes from the Custom-house to the Town of Rumes which being made fast with great Cabels he fill'd equally with Earth o're which as on a Bridge not steady but secure the Carts which provided the City had an easie passage Upon Rumecaon's confident setting upon so costly a Fabrick 't was Voic't in many of the adjacent and remote Kingdoms from Cambaya that we had lost our Fortress which report pleasing the ears of the Moors and Pagans spread all over the East till the Sultan receiv'd the Complements of many Princes who gave him the joy of the Victory The sound of this News was with fear and silence listned to in Goa and though at large and without an Author came to the Governours ears who by the privacy and caution with which it went from one an other did argue its probability 173. This misfortune so much fear'd seem'd confirm'd by the slowness of advice from Dio neither was there any certainty what was become of Alvaro's Fleet those who would put by such thoughts in the Governour seem'd rather to slight then deny the news and he as most concern'd seeing the necessity of encouraging the people seem'd not to lay it to heart contradicting the News he fear'd by the Face he put upon 't 174. This sollicitousness took up the Governour only diverted by the business and preparations of the Navy which omitting no diligence he intended when News was brought him there was come to the Barr a Ship from the Kingdome Captain Dom Manoel de Lima who was parted from five more of the same Conserve all under the Command of Lourenco Pirez de Tavora the others were Commanded by Dom Iohn Lobo Iohn Rodriguez Pecanha Fernand Alvarez da Cunha and Alvaro Barradas The Governour thought Lima's arrival very considerable for the Person and the necessity he came Commander of the Fortress of Ormus which the King had given him to put by some animosities which were 'twixt him and the Governour Martin Affonso de Sousa whose return from India he expected to demand satisfaction of him for some injuries These disgusts the King took up concern'd as a Father in the peace of both his Subjects Dom Manoel would presently have been gon for Dio with three hundred Souldiers at his own Charge but the Governour disswaded him desiring his Company in his Fleet and his Courage and Experience in the management of the present Design 175. The Governour being more then ordinarily perplex't about the business of Dio thinking no good of the want of advice the Admiral which carry'd Dom Alvaro arriv'd at the Barr of Goa She came in with her Wast-cloaths and Streamers and by her joyfull Salutes endeavour'd a farr off to tell the news she was fraught with The greatest part of the people ran to the Sea-side to enquire after their Children Friends and Kindred and those least concern'd after the common interest of the State The Captain was carried to the Governours Palace satisfying by the way many repeated and troublesome questions He found the Governour with the Bishop Dom Iohn de Albuquerque and Friar Antonio do Casal Guardian of the Fanciscans The Governours first question was if the Fortress yet held out for the King his Master to which the Captain answered it did and would do At vvhich news the Governour falling on his Knees vvith his Eyes to Heaven gave God thanks not vvithout shedding some tears vvitnesses of his piety towards God and his zeal for his Prince and receiving presently his Letters he heard the Death of his Son Dom Fernando vvhich he receiv'd vvith so great constancy as those about him perceiv'd no alteration in his Words or Countenance as if to appear a Father had been weakness and to have the common affections of a man dishonour He thank't the Captain and sent him to chear the City with the news then retir'd and in private wept for his Son expecting time to grieve in without lessâ—ning his place or courage The same day came into Port the Ship which brought Nuno Pereira who Dy'd at Sea of his Wounds The body was Buried with the Funeral solemnity due to the Person accompany'd by the Governour Nobility and People the Gentleman leaving behind him a most endear'd Memory 176. The next day there was made a solemn Procession to thank God at which the Governour assisted Cloath'd in Scarlet comforting a thing unheard of the people for the Death of his own Son He knew by this Ship of our mens disorderly and obstinate Sally which occasion'd so many Deaths and of the danger Dom Alvaro was in moderating or smothering his grief for 't as one who less valued his Sons Lives then their Reputation 177. On the same day he dispatch't Vasco de Cunha that Sailing along the Creeks and Bays of the Coast he might bring together Alvaro's Fleet and carry it into Dio by him in his
charge maintain'd the Field afterwards unable to endure the weight of the Battail retir'd in Disorder our men Routing the disordered Ranks rather chas'd then Destroy'd the flying Enemy Here the Victory began to be notorious but Rumecaon with a great Batallion of Moors and Ianizaries made Head against our men who spread upon the pursute neglected or not minded Discipline 22. Here was Dom Alvaro given for lost for his scattered Souldiers unable to make any Resistance march't off leaving the Enemy the Camp and Victory nor were his Perswasions or resolute Fighting of force enough to Retain some or Rally others on so sleight accidents depends the fortune of Warr. Antonio Casal a Friar whose Religious courage is by Authors recorded with a Crucifix lifted up by pious and moving Arguments began to rebuke and animate our men shewing 'em the Image of Christ expos'd again on the Cross to second injuries it hapned that a Stone cast at randome so unnail'd an arm of the Crucifix as to leave it hanging the holy Figure shewing it self in the same prospective inclin'd to the Believers falln to the Infidels Our men more animated by Heavens then the States injuries shew'd in a different cause different Courage more engag'd by the Outrages offer'd their Creator then by the fevere Commands of their Monarck On a suddain they all Rally'd and recovering strength were rather Instruments then Authors of the Victory Rumecaon upon the Routing of his men retir'd and Dom Alvaro engag'd with him at the same time entred the City more hindered by those who fell then by the resistance of the Living who did not now defend themselves 23. At that time came up Dom Manoel de Lima as Couragious by Land as Sea who where he was plac't broke the Enemy till joyning with Dom Alvaro and both entring the City did bloody Execution on the Moors who Routed and Scattered strove to save themselves more by Flight then Resistance and the face of Warr look't more like Plunder then Fight our men found Moors not Enemies many of 'em creeping into their Houses hid their own Estates as stoll'n from the Victory others cast away their Arms to fly nimbler Dom Iohn Mascarenhas at an other place entred the City ending that day so glorious a Siege 24. The Governour fought still in the Camp sollicitous for his mens Victory secure in his own when News came to him that the Town was delivered but Rumecaon like a Mine plaid again retarding the Victory with eight thousand Souldiers so disposing himself as to give or expect Battail so great were their Numbers as with the leavings of the Field to manage a new Warr. About that time Sally'd out of the City Dom Alvaro de Castro Dom Iohn Mascarenhas and Dom Manoel de Lima to joy with the Governour for the Victory when they saw Rumecaon in the Field with an other Army The Governour that his suspence might not be mistook for fear with the same Courage of the first ingag'd in the second Battail putting his men into three Squadrons two fell upon the Enemy in the Flank he himself in the Front this was the order of his charging the Enemy who more Desperate then Resolute receiv'd our first shock afterwards fought without Courage or Confidence and being seconded by his men with a faint and forc't Obedience left us on sleight resistance the Field though in all the Actions of Siege and Fight Rnmecaon shew'd himself no less Souldier then Valiant but in adversity Fame is sooner deserv'd then purchast 25. The Moors opened their Front the Governour like an impetuous River carrying all before it fell upon them undefended now was the Execution without Fighting the Moors look't like Enemies by their Flying not by their Defence and our men falling upon some Companies not yet broken they as for their advantage Disordered themselves flying from one another with as much rather more apparent Danger then from us others not to pass for Enemies threw away their Arms as Instruments which might mind us of their Offence and our Vengeance there were in fine in that Tragedy acted all those affections fear puts on Rumecaon seeing all lost put himself in a poor Garment amongst the Dead exempting himself from Rage and Victory but a Stone from an unknown hand by his Death sav'd his waiting on the Triumph Many stood to be the Authors of his Death as formerly of Galba's who had more Murderers then Wounds and in our own Age and Kingdome have we seen the like accident 26. I purposely omit the particular accidents of this Battail because none can be prais'd without injury to others wee 'l only give a short relation of the Officers and most eminent Personages out of reverence to their Place and Quality besides in the confusion of a Battail 't is difficult with the exact Rigour of truth to particularize accidents and 't is certain those whose Pen finds out the Atoms of the most occult Carriages endeavour to help out the History or are very sharp sighted in finding out Events 'T is enough for knowledge that so famous an Action credited then our Arms now our Memory and I believe that of all the designs in Asia no Siege out-went or Battail equal'd this 27. The numbers of the Enemies Army cannot with certainty be affirm'd because with different Calculation some raise 'em above sixty thousand others say less neither could the Moors who were ta'ne Prisoners make any exact judgment of those they lost but by all accounts the disproportion of the Armies was so notorious as was sufficient to amase the World with the report and in forein Histories we find the Victory writ with more applause then in our own Memorials and if our Country imitated the Roman Empires gratitude towards her Sons of desert she would in proud Statues let the World read Castro's actions which like Annals of Brass should be publick Volumes to all Ages we find not that his Reward was suitable to his Merit perhaps to raise it he here met with the usual misfortune of Heroes yet enjoy'd he as a more durable recompence the glory of his Name The Princes of Asia by ambitious Embassies gave him the joy of the Victory The Chamber of Goa call'd him Duke either to mind him of it or to seem to desire it The King Dom Iohn honour'd him with the Title of Vice-King of India the Fourth the State had there The same Earth which covers his Ashes Buries his other Rewards his Posterity only Inheriting the glory of so great an Ascendent 28. The Governour laid aside the King's share of the Booty many Colours and forty Pieces of great Canon amongst which was that we now have in Saint Gillians Fort which keeps the name of the place whence 't was taken He delivered up the City to Plunder not reserving for himself the point of a Lance a constant despiser of the Riches of the East 't was for
Excellent Prince our Lord the King Diogo Rodriguez de Azevedo arriv'd at this City on Monday the sixth of December and the next day delivered a Letter to the Chamber from your Illustrious Lordship which was read with no little pleasure and satisfaction because by it we were assur'd of your Health which good news we always covet to know and desire encrease of and for it this City and People in general and by themselves give God many thanks and are confident in our Lady the Virgin Mary the Mother of God and our Advocate that as long as the people of India hath your Illustrious Lordship for their Captain and Governour we shall never want the Divine assistance in our affronts and troubles in recompence of your most Catholick and modest Life your Carriage and Actions of most commendable Virtue on which hope we now enjoy our present quiet for the late and glorious Victory atchiev'd by your prudent Conduct great Courage and Magnanimity the raising the Siege of Dio the routing and defeating the King of Cambaya's whole Army besides above twenty thousand others Moors Turks Rumes Coracos and Renegade Christians Germans Venetians Genuese and French and diverse other Nations considerable numbers of whom were Kill'd by our Lances and Swords as this City is assur'd by honest men and eye-witnesses these good Services are certain signs that for the future by God's grace and protection we need not fear any other troubles which shall appear from a fresh Army of the King of Cambaya or other Neighhouring Kings and Potentates or whole India who are certainly our implacable Enemies besides being Infidels and haters of our holy Catholick Faith from neither of whom can we have any secure or firm Peace though some shew of a double and cousening Friendship As for the Loan which in the name of our Lord the King you ask of us the Cities answer is That we the Inhabitants will now and always do our duty in serving his Majesty with our Estates Lives and Souls and because the Cities and every particular man's design is to serve your Illustrious Lordship with an Eye that such a Loan is very much for the service of our Lord the King whose the City is and we are all with a great deal of diligence and care from the day that Diogo Rodriguez de Azevedo delivered his message to the present which is the seven and twentieth of December have we rais'd twenty thousand one hundred and forty six Pardaos and one Tanga at five Tangas the Pardao which the City lends that is Citizens and People as also the Bramens Merchants Traders and Goldsmiths and by our Letters we assure your Lordship that this City and its honourable Inhabitants are bound for your service to lay down our Lives more chearfully then for our own honour and interest As for the Pawns your Lordship sent us the City and Inhabitants think our selves injur'd by your Lordship to rely so little on us and our Loyalâ—ies for in a business that so concern'd the service of our Lord the King and his Royal State such honourable and glorious Pawns were not necessary our Loyalty obliging us to serve the King and present necessity after that your Obligations on us and your Lordship great affection and love to this City and Inhabitants for which and what besides we confess owing to you we kiss your hands and begg of God Almighty your enjoying perfect health and prosperity in much honour and great Victories over the Enemies of our most holy Faith My Lord Diogo Rodriguez de Azevedo returns to carry you back your Pawns and he and Bertholamew Bispo Procurator of this City bring you the Money which the City and People lend you of their good and free will they carry too the order you sent hither to the Treasurer for the payment of the Money and our desires you would accept all as from Loyal Subjects we profess to be to our Lord the King and men oblig'd to your Lordship Dated at the Chamber the twenty seventh of December 1547. and I Lewis Tremessaon Clerk of the Chamber gave order for the writing it and sign'd it by the authority I have so to do Pero Godinho Iohn Rodriguez Paez Ruy Goncalvez Ruy Dioz Iorge Ribeiro Bertholamew Bispo 31. The works at the Fortress went on with so great satisfaction to the Officers and Labourers as it advanc't without time and the pay of Work-men and Souldiers was so punctual as the State was only poor for the Governour besides what the City lent the Ladies and Gentlewomen sent him in a Cabinet their Diamonds and Jewels by which Female impotency sacrifis'd both to Glory and Vanity an offer which expected neither interest or recompence whence is seen how much better the People supply the Virtues then Tyrannies of Regents 32. He commanded Dom Manoel de Lima with thirty Ships to go along the Coast of Cambaya and Burn all the Villages to shew the Sultan his Revenge was not satisfy'd by the Victory but not to put in at the City of Goga because the intelligence said that there were imbody'd all those who scap't from the Battail Dom Manoel who again look't for good fortune in that Bay went Sailing along the Coast and in a few days of being out was surpris'd by so violent a Tempest as to be forc't by the necessity of the Storm to put into the Port forbidden by his instructions The Citizens having their imaginations fill'd with the late dangers at the sight of the same Arms which wounded 'em quitted the City the Souldiers as well as the unserviceable Rabble in the same distemper flying to the Mountain There was at Anchor in the Port a Moorish Vessel belonging to the Qamalake one who was in good correspondence with the State which observing the flight of the Moors hal'd to our men to fall upon the City Dom Manoel not understanding the sign concluded that in defiance they bid him Battail and 'twixt anger and impatience making ready perceiv'd the City emptying and the poor people running in confus'd multitudes towards a small Mountain which was in sight believing the distance and cragginess of its situation would secure 'em from being fall'n upon by our Souldiers Dom Manoel found out the design of the Ships hawling and put to 't 'twixt the opportunity and his obedience brought the business to Council and amongst Valiant Souldiers Gallantry being the best interpreter of Orders 't was voted they should enter the City because the Governours instructions could not take in all accidents who if there would be the first should leap on shore the Counsel was immediately follow'd by Execution Dom Manoel almost without any resistance entred the City the pillage of the Souldiers was great and what was below the coveting was committed to the Fire which burnt Estates and Houses the Dammage was greater then the Victory Dom Manoel took three Baneans Prisoners by whom he was told that all the Inhabitants had sav'd
themselves in a place of the Mountain not farr of he resolv'd to invest it that the fugitives and opposers might have the same Punishment at break of Day he went to the place taking with him for guides the Baneans forc't by miserable necessity to deliver up their Children and Kindred and those who thought themselves secure in the shelter of the Mountain saw over their Heads the Sword before the Enemy The slaughter differenc't not cause from cause person from person natives and strangers guilty and innocent with their Lives paid for their own or an others offence From Persons the affront past to Religion he caus'd many to be Hang'd up in the Temples of their Idols an outrage in the Superstition of their Religion inexpiable He cut the Throats of all the Cattel sprinkling the Mosques with Cows blood an Animal which as the depositary of Souls they adore with adominable worship 33. Dom Manoel de Lima return'd to his Ships and ventur'd to cross the Bay where without a Storm he fear'd Shipwrack for the Tide is there so unruly and impetuous as is sufficient to loosen the Vessels In Sailing he came in fight of the City Gandar peopled by Pagan Merchants rich by its Commerce weak by its Inhabitants This was in the first Onset yielded and burnt the Natives discovered their Estates as a ransome for their Lives which neither by opposing nor yielding could they save for the anger rather inhumanity of the Souldiers more coveted blood then booty He destroy'd many other places of the Bay whose ashes and ruins for many years kept up the memory of their Destruction Those Natives who surviv'd the miseries of their fellows retir'd to the Inland of the Kingdome where in secure poverty they preserv'd themselves 34. Dom Manoel return'd for Dio where he found the Governour employ'd about the new Fortifications in whose sight the Works advanc't diverse businesses re-demanding him at Goa he had a mind to leave the Fortress in a state of defence Dom Iohn Mascarenhas either wore out or satisfy'd with the difficulties of the Siege before his time was out resign'd his Government desiring that year to return for the Kingdome to enjoy that Fame of which he so well deserv'd The Governour endeavour'd to disswade him fearing none would accept it after him for by the late Victory and alteration of the Trade the Spurrs of honour and profit were Blunted the greatest incentives men Bow under But Mascarenhas's resolution to go for the Kingdome in Tavora's Fleet put the Governour upon finding out a Commander for the Garrison which some Gentlemen had refus'd to be out of Dislike to a place which had been the Seat of so many Victories perhaps out of the hazard there is to succeed Persons of extraordinary Eminency yet Dom Manoel de Lima offer'd to remain on the place out of either complacency to the Governour or confidence of himself 35. The Governour in the mean time provided for his passage to Goa and ordered Antonio Moniz Barretto with some Ships to look out for the Fleet of Cambaya which by his private intelligence he knew were to Visit the Coast of Por and Mangalor which Moniz meeting at Sea Boarded and carry'd into Dio their Lading help't to bear the States charges The King of Cambaya in his resentment of so many losses burst forth into a most barbarous Revenge commanding two of our innocent Prisoners taken during the Warr to be Kill'd taking his satisfaction for so great Outrages on so little shadows 36. The affairs of Dio being concluded fortune began to alarm the State with new accidents The Governour had from Ormus repeated intelligence that the Turks with a mighty Army had thrown out of Balsora Mahomet As-Cnam a Loyal friend to the State who summon'd our Arms as Auxiliary forces to resist the common Enemy The dangers and consequences of having so unruly a Neighbour were of no difficult discovery for whom and us the World much less the State would be too narrow The importancy of Balsora was weig'd as a Foundation laid for greater designs whose situation we will briefly acquaint you with Balsora is a Colony of four thousand Families seated in Arabia the Happy in twenty four degrees of Northern Latitude not farr distant from the River Euphrates 'T is from the Fortress of Ormus two hundred Leagues from Babylon a little above forty Ships go from Ormus thither along the Coast of Persia having on that side more convenient Ports and Watering 'T is inhabited by Moors Schismaticks from the Turks for though all Worshippers of Mahomed yet differ in their Belief these following the Rites and Ceremonies of the Persian whom the Divel in different Cups makes to drink of the abominations of Mahomed here the Turks fortify'd themselves and began to gain upon the Neighbouring Arabians on some by Arms on others by Benefits setting up a new Prince in Balsora who being of the Race of their antient Kings was lik't of by the Arabs and would be faithfull to the Turks whose Liberality under a shew of friendship Veyl'd their ambition of ruling This mans pretensions whom the Turks saluted for King others write at large I omit the relation as importune to the Reader and from the design of the History 37. The Governour resolv'd to send Dom Manoel de Lima for the Fortress of Ormus which came to him by the Death of Dom Manoel da Sylveita that as the Perquisits of the place he should take on him the obligation of managing the Warr against the Turks the Fortress of Dio being once more left as a Stone of offence rejected by the Builders for no Gentleman would remain there with only the care of the Fortifications Dom Iohn Mascarenhas carrying away with him the glory of the danger I know not if the affairs of India are now held in the same respect The Governour was troubled the Theater of so many Victories should be laid aside which Dom Iohn Mascarenhas hearing offer'd that Winter to continue in the place a thing taken very well by the Governour who told him whilst the Fortress was finishing 't would be Wall'd by his reputation and that it may be known how facil this so great Personage was in confirming other mens deserts I 'le set down a Letter he writ to his Son Dom Alvaro upon Dom Iohn Mascarenhas going to Goa to take passage for the Kingdome There comes by this occasion Dom Iohn Mascarenhas the same the Pagans and Moors take him for I who am a good Christian make the same confession of his Courage having in all the Fights found him always at my side He goes to embark for the Kingdome I ask it of you to entertain him as you would my own Person and not to consent he should Lodge any where but with you which yet is below his merits I hope in God he will in a little time return to these Parts to correct my Defects He
the sight of Iuzarcaon and other Commanders pinion'd who represented the Tragedy of their Fortune for them compassionate to us pleasant there were seen six hundred Prisoners dragging their Chains after them after them the Field-pieces with different and numerous Arms. The Ladies from their Windows sprinkled the Triumpher with distill'd waters of diverse Spices The Officers through whose hands past the Gold and other rich Commodities came and made him voluntary offerings the equal disposition of their affections being more Valuable then the Triumph The beautify'd and open Churches shew'd their acceptance and thanks In this order he went to Visit the Cathedral the Mother-Church of the East where the Bishop and Clergy receiv'd him with the Hymn Te Deum Laudamus being entred into the See with Religious offerings he acknowledg'd the Author of Victories and it being now late with little Ceremony retir'd to the Palace one days time being too narrow for the Majesty of the Triumph THE LIFE OF DOM IOHN DE CASTRO The Fourth BOOK THere were but few Kingdoms in the East which in the Government of Dom Iohn de Castro did not Alarme that State by diverse Rumours of Warr by either Arms against us or against one the other inviting our Forces to make Peace or forward the Victory the East also saw him often girt his Sword for the cause of Religion 1. King Iohn had sent to the Island of Zeilan some Franciscan Friars exemplary in their Lives and Doctrine that by Martyrdome and Preaching they might bear witness of the truth of the Gospel that being our Prince's greatest concernment whose Banners Asia saw oftner display'd in reverence to Religion then ambition of Empire These Friars on their Landing in the Island were by the King of Cotta civilly entertain'd the Sun of Righteousness beginning once more to rise in the East That Paganism began to Listen to the Voice of Heaven and that Barren ground to answer the pains by its Improvement by the coming in of infinite Sheep to the Sheep-fold of the Church 2. Those Embassadours of the Gospel went forward to give News of the Light to the King of Candea in the heart of the Island whom they found Courteous in the entertainment of their Persons flexible to the obedience of their Doctrine He was instructed in the mysteries of our Belief that with a stronger Faith he might wash in the waters of Baptism He gave the Friars ground Materials and Money for the Building a Church that being the first Fortress the Conquest of the Gospel rais'd in the Island against the delusions of Idolatry for of the Preaching of the Apostle Saint Thomas if it reach't so farr neither had their Understandings any light nor their Country memory 3. That Prince shew'd himself obedient to the precepts of our Religion but not constant for the fear of his Subjects revolting on his change of Doctrine made him not to lose what he Esteem'd forsake what he was Convicted of for as a Plant not yet Rooted the force of human perswasion enclin'd him either way The Religious men endeavour'd to take those Rubbs out of the way of Life by assuring him that under the protection of our Religion and Arms he might secure both Crowns for the State was at that time Govern'd by Dom Iohn de Castro who for the propagation of the Faith us'd to venture his Blood for his Friends the State 4. The King listned to the proposition saying if the Governour would send him Relief he would not only himself profess the Faith but preach it to his Subjects One of the Friars carry'd this resolution to Goa the Governour certify'd of the cause of his coming desir'd the Conversion of that Prince as his greatest business in the East not less zealous in giving Children to the Church then Victories to the State He immediately dispatch't Antonio Moniz Barretto with seven Fly-boats and Orders that if he found any of our Ships at Sea to carry 'em with him writ honourable Letters to the Prince which he accompany'd with several Presents but leaving Antonio Moniz at Sea we will to observe the order of time in the Relation of successes speak of the taking of Baroche 5. The Governour had dispatch't from Dio Dom Iorge de Menezes to commit all imaginable Hostilities in the Bay of Cambaya to show the Sultan the edge of our Arms was not Blunted by their former Execution Dom Iorge took some Vessels of Provision going to furnish the Enemies Ports that those the Sword had spar'd might be made an end of by Famine He came one Evening in sight of the City Baroche whose stately Buildings presented him with the Politeness of Europe 'T was situated on an Eminency surrounded with Brick-walls which were more for shew then defence yet were there diverse Bull-works to be seen made not without some in-sight in Fortification furnish't withstore of Ordnance which commanded the entrance into the Haven The height of the situation discovered the Gates to be of square Stone polish't and the correspondency of Turrets and Windows argued the wealth and policy of the Inhabitants The Trade of the place was in very fine Silks a Commodity exported thence to many Ports of the East Madre Maluco was Lord of the City and had Tributary the Neighbouring Villages which by their fertility and bigness made him up a moderate Seignory 6. Our men had by chance taken a little Boat of Fisher-men Natives of the place who upon enquiry told what we have related of the City and upon Iorge's desire to know what Garrison was in the place had said that Madre Maluco had carry'd all the Souldiery to Amadabat the Sultan's Court and at present were remaining only some Artisans and other Trades-men Dom Iorge thinking the occasion opportune for assaulting the City though his strength was not proportionable to such a design yet events depending on accidents resolv'd to run his Fortune and to amuse the Inhabitants in security steer'd an other course Sailing by a different Rumbe taking along with him the Fishermen to be his Pilots in the entrance At night the whole Fleet tacking about stood up with the Port and getting all on Shore the Enemies confidence or negligence being unprovided of any Defence or Sentinel fell upon the Unarm'd and weak Multitude when the Night Confusion and Sleep run 'em upon the danger they avoided miserably wandering they shun'd their own as Enemies flying from those who fled themselves The skreeks of the Children stirr'd not up in their Parents any Compassion less Vengeance for the suddain fear gave 'em over to the basest affections of Nature the Crys and Laments of the Women discovered them their Ah me being their greatest danger those who by flying into Houses scap't the Sword were in them consum'd by the Fire the poor people having no remedy against but choice of their Death the Invasion and Sack was at the same time the Slaughter as in a Fight
honourable Complaints for his not accepting and spending them when first offer'd the Ladies of Chaul also though second in example shew'd themselves more splendid in their Offer yet the Governour sparing in the use and expence of so Loyal presents return'd them with a gratefull acceptance paying them for so Liberal and Opportune a Service in the honours conferr'd on their Husbands and Children He advis'd the Inhabitants of Bacaim and Chaul of the Commander of Dio's intimation of the charges of the Fleet and his necessity of their Assistance who so willingly comply'd with the King's occasions as if they took new occasions of danger and expence in payment of former Services 37. As the Governour was busie in â—itting and providing the Fleet he receiv'd News that two Ships from the Kingdome who had Out-sail'd their Conserve were come to an Anchor at the Barr of Goa That year there came from the Kingdome six Ships without any to command the Squadron the Commanders of those which arriv'd were Balthasar Lobo de Sousa and Francisco de Gouvea of the four which were missing Dom Francisco de Lima in the Saint Philip who came with a Commission to be Admiral of Goa Francisco da Cunha in the Zambuco these two departed late in the Year and arriv'd at the Barr the three and twentieth of September The Commander of the other Ship call'd the Burgalese was Bernando Nazer who Wintred in Sacotora and came to Goa the latter end of May. The other was Commanded by Dom Pedro da Sylva da Gama Son to the Lord Admiral design'd for Malaca and by the unskilfulness of the Pilot lost amongst Aâ—goxa Islands yet the men scap't who got to Mocambique and thence Ship't on several Vessels came to India These Ships brought the Governour orders to enlarge the Fortress at Mocambique upon the News of the Rumes coming thither and 't was necessary to secure the Inhabitants and Port which was the chief Scale of our Ships taking from the Enemy the possibility of hindering our Trade with Sofala and Cuama 38. The Governour had three thousand Portuguese Souldiers and some Auxiliaries of Naires from Cochim the greatest Army he ever had in India and considering Hidalcaon taking his opportunity when no Body was left in Goa able to resist him might in his absence molest the State He resolv'd to find him out in the Inland and force him to Fight having for so necessary a Warr his time and strength Limited He acquainted the Magistrates of the City and Heads of the Militia with this resolution who all agreed in the seasonableness of the occasion The Governour more then ordinarily quick in Execution having his men ready divided the Souldiers as the manner of India is into five Squadrons commanded by his Son Dom Alvaro Dom Bernardo and Dom Antonio de Noronha Sons to the Vice-King Dom Garcia de Noronha Manoel de Sousa de Sepulveda and Vasco da Cunha Dom Diogo de Almeyda Freire went also with two hundred Horse and the Inhabitants of Goa to whom joyn'd themselves the Bores of the Country in all one thousand five hundred Francisco de Mello with three hundred Portuguese and some foot of the Natives was Commander of the Fortress of Rachol to whom the Governour sent word to come and joyn him at Margaon 39. At this time came Embassadours to Goa from the King of Canara desiring a League with the State to assist him in disturbing his Borderer Hidalcaon This Kingdome is for the greatness of Empire the most famous of the East for the story of its beginning the most fall'n telling a thousand Apocryphal traditions which flattery makes use of to adore the Prince The Governour gave Audience to the Embassadours with Ceremonies suitable to the King's ambition and the States grandeur and immediately concluded a Friendship on conditions honourable for both Crowns Hidalcaon understanding the Governours resolution retir'd his In-land Garrisons as if avoiding the blow of the first invasion endeavouring to weary out the State with a suddain and incursive Warr to them easie to us intolerable 40. The Governour had intelligence the Moors were got together at Ponda protected there by the Artillery of their Fortress some of the Commanders were not for the Governours following the Enemy who fled this opinion was Countenanc't by the most experienc't Souldiery but Dom Iohn de Castro unwilling to put on his Arms in vain Commanded the marching on sâ—â—ing he would at his own Home chastise Hidalcaon this resolution was agreeable to the Souldiers who believ'd that in the Fortune of the General was much of the Victory The Camp that day march't two Leagues and was in the Evening in sight of the Enemy who with a Body of two thousand men had made an halt on the other side of a River to hinder their passage 41. Dom Alvaro de Castro who Commanded the Vanguard leap't into the River at the same time Wading and Fighting the Enemy charg'd them with their Musquets and Kill'd some of his men yet without hindering or retarding the rest who went forward most of the Commanders in diverse places past the River and gotten over found Dom Alvaro engag'd with the Moors who already were so prest as to give ground for not intending to Fight in the open Field we having Conquer'd the River they gave over opposing us retiring in good order to their Fortress of Ponda The Governour commanded his men to follow 'em which they did that day over Crows-feet which Wounded many when come to Ponda they saw all Hidalcaon's Officers drawn up in a posture to give or accept Battail The Governour keeping the same pace of his March commanded his men to fall on the Moors seem'd in their resolution to distinguish the person of Dom Iohn de Castro and as if yielding to the report of his Name quitted the Field where only his respect got the Victory The Enemy retir'd to the Mountain where the difficulty of the way kept off the persute Dom Alvaro went into the Fortress which he found forsaken many mov'd for the sleighting it but the Governour voting more Haughtily ordered that Refuge should be left for the poor Fugitives 'T was done in scorn yet look't like compassion 42. The Land was once more under our obedience without a firm Peace or continued Warr. Hidalcaan was strong enough to hinder us of the Crop but not enjoy it and now fought more for his Reputation then the advantage of the Campagnia The Governour return'd to Goa where the Fleet was ready to go Northward having no other place to rest in but the Sea or Field and the season calling on Board and success satisfying the Souldiery neither proclamation or diligence was necessary for their Embarking 43. The Governour put to Sea with one hundred and threescore Vessels Commanded by Dom Alvaro de Castro Dom Roque Tello Dom Pedro da Sylva da Gama Dom Iohn de
great Bravery The Turk with the shock fell to the ground but rising again without loss of his judgment laid hold on his Semitar and went after Dom Diogo who though he lost not his Saddle was for a while with the force of the Blow dis-inabled but coming again to himself the second time charg'd the Turk and though two Souldiers endeavoured to rescue him left him with many Wounds measuring the ground 67. The other Commanders though with difficulty crost the River put upon 't by the Governours example whom they saw engag'd with the Enemy and was more envy'd then obey'd by his own Souldiers who scattered and disordered some cautious others heady cast themselves into the River but when all his men were over he so Vigorously charg'd the Enemy as not able to endure the shock of the Battail he gave ground The Governour sparing no accident favourable to his Fortune so prest the Moors grown fearfull and out of order as in a little time to Rivet the Victory Few of ours Dy'd the Wounded were more the Slaughter was great amongst the Moors and greater in the Chase then Fight for our men making no Prisoners did with the same stroke take off those who resisted or yielded Dom Alvaro de Castro by Commanding and Fighting never more appear'd the Son of such a Father then in this Action The other Gentlemen and Cavalliers so equally behav'd themselves in their Courage as not one deserv'd to be nam'd second By the calling on Saint Thomas and on his Day was this Battail won who gave the Eastern Catholicks an eminent proof of his Patronage This so memorable Defeat is yet so many years afterwards sung by the young Ladies of Goa who in the easiness of unforc't Verses have invented Praise without artifice or flattery 68. The Governour disbanded his men and went to rest himself at Pangim excusing keeping Christmas at Goa in a just contempt of Palmes and martial Triumpes since his Name was now in the Vogue of the World above all other applause here he dispatch't the Ships of Burden which were to go for the Kingdome on which went Dom Iohn Mascarenhas a Man more constant in the difficulties of Asia then in the adversities of his Native Country he was receiv'd by the King and Nobility with extraordinary honours yet were not his Rewards answerable to his Services He was of the Council of State to the King Dom Sebastion afterwards one of the Governours of the Kingdome He Marry'd Dona Elena Daughter to Dom Iohn de Castellbranco by whom he left a most Renown'd and Loyal Posterity 69. Dom Iohn de Castro thought not Hidalcaon yet sufficiently Curb'd by our Arms and resolv'd with a sharper Warr to bring him under He secur'd with a strong Garrison the Territories of Salsete leaving there Dom Diogo de Almeyda with six score Horse and one thousand Foot of the place and ordered some Ships to lye in the Rivers of Rachol to defend the Neighbouring Villages the Labourers having quitted the grounds seeing their Dominion by the fickleness of Warr casual and uncertain The Governour also understanding how easie it was to pull down a declining Kingdome carry'd on the Warr against Hidalcaon desiring the States Rivals might take warning by his Punishment He embark't those Souldiers he had always in readiness by being their Companion in dangers and Father in difficulties and setting Sail went along all Hidalcaon's Coast which he so impartially Destroy'd as not to leave one place to comfort an others miseries none was freed by their resistance some by their distance 70. There was another Dabul call'd the upper two Leagues from the Shore which by its strength and distance was the Rich depository of a great many Estates but the protection of the In-land was not sufficient to exempt it from the Fortune of the rest for the Goververnour march't to it giving the first danger of the Van-guard to his Son Dom Alvaro these were the favours of that Father and those times who coming to the place found the Moors had secur'd their Persons and Estates in the Mountain nothing being left to recommend the Victory what was serv'd only for Destruction for the Buildings which could be no Booty pay'd for t by their Ruine The Mosques and Temples were thrown to the ground and the Idols broke and prostrate our Anger not differencing stone from stone and the Moors and Pagans bewail'd with the same tears their Gods and own miseries The fury of our Arms went to the Desolating the Campagnia destroying the Flocks and Groves of Palmes that the Warr might be attended by Famine a Sword not to be scap't by Flight or Resistance All was in fine so wasted as the difference between the Villages and Campagnia was not by the sight but memory 71. The Governour retreated to Bacaim whence he design'd his Arms for the Warr of Cambaya setting forth some Vessels to Endammage all that Coast and make Prize of the Meca Fleet which came to an Anchor in the Ports of that Bay this was happily perform'd by Dom Antonio de Noronha and Dom Iorge Baroche who by their Prizes and Victories rais'd the States strength and reputation our Arms in Castro's time being so fear'd or respected that most of the Princes of Asia Borderers and Remote became to defend or secure their Kingdoms with the protection of our Forces by voluntary Obedience the States Tributaries of this truth the Kings of Campar and Caxem were no sleight Arguments 72. Our Chronicles and Forein with greater amasement relate that famous Seige of Dio held out by Antonio da Sylveira by whom the Turks Arms in India receiv'd the first or greatest Baffle Their General in this expedition was Rax Solimon who after the loss of a great part of his Armado in the Siege for fear of our Ships at Anchor in the Port retir'd Flying and left on Shore his Baggage and Wounded and seeing he could not atchieve what he promis'd his Master whose Pride and Imperiousness us'd not to receive satisfaction for miscarriages or misfortunes ventured rather then his Head his Loyalty He went into the Port of Adem under Colour of Friendship where the King sent to Visit him with Regallios and Refreshments from Shore but was cautious and vigilant to preserve the City for the Bashaw's Force and Loyalty was suspitious The Turk who saw his Treason fear'd or discovered design'd to surprise the City by Scaling but was afraid of the Fortress of the place and Courage of the Arabians and on that had Recourse to an other Stratagem more base and more secure which was to excuse himself to the King for not coming into the City in fear to lose the favourable Wind that he desir'd to see him on Board for he was to communicate to him some business from the Grand Signior to the great advantage of his Kingdome The poor King facil or credulous in the good
ceremonies protesting they would hold out the City as a Member of the State to which they were by obedience Vassals by affection Children but Dom Payo so carry'd himself as to forfeit the reputation of our Arms in the East in favour to so great a Family we will omit the particulars of the Story though by an other Pen written with more Liberty in ordinary History 80. The Citizens of Adem though ill protected by Dom Payo lost not their devotion to the State holding out the City with only the name of Portugal in their mouths and either not having or not desiring other protection resolv'd to send one of the Blood-Royal to the Governour to advise him of their condition on whose extremities he might raise a new Name by not sleighting the glory of helping the afflicted that the Prince of Adem would receive Laws and his Crown from the State to whom he would turn Feudatary with a gratefull and honourable Tribute 81. Dom Iohn de Castro was over-joy'd to hear the report of his Name and Victories reach't the Ears of Princes so remote heightning not only their Reverence but Subjection the message gave extraordinary content to Goa seeing their Governours fortune bring the State the felicity of the first discovery of India since where other Arms were scarce heard of his were Obey'd 82. The Governour gave the expedition to his Son Dom Alvaro who had so well deserv'd in all he undertook as it look't not like the election of a Father but of a publick Minister diverse old Cavalliers desir'd to accompany him whom the Governour by a modest decree took off commanding their stay in Goa because he should want 'em for more important business yet such was their eagerness on the expedition as they look't on the decree as a common grievance the fault of those times seem'd to be the ambition of dangers the Governour satisfy'd 'em and was content to see such Emulation begot under his Discipline He presently gave order for the Equipping and Victualling thirty Galleys and made Commanders of 'em Dom Antonio de Noronha Son of the Vice-King Dom Garcia Antonio Moniz Barretto who went Governour of the Fortress to be made in Adem Doâ— Pedro d' Eca Dom Fernando Coutinho Pero de Attayde Inferno Dom Ioan de Attayde Alvaro Paez de Sottomajor Fernaon Perez de Andrade Pero Lopez de Sousa Ruy Diaz Pereira Pero Botelho Porca Brother to Diogo Botelho one of the Infante Lewis's Family Alvaro Serraon Luis Homem Melchior Botelho Over-seer of the Revenue Gomez da Sylva Antonio da Veiga Luis Alvarez de Sousa Ioaon Rodriguez Correa Diogo Correa who came with the Embassadour of Adem Diogo Banho Pero Preto Alvaro da Gama and others 83. But few days before the Fleet weigh'd came to Goa an Embassadour from the King of Caxem from whom his Neighbours the Fartaques had usurp't a considerable part of his Kingdome He reigning on the Southern Shore of Arabia and knowing Adem was to be reliev'd by our Armado concluding that with the same Fleet we might restore him writ to the Governour that the Restitution of Caxem would not be less Laudable in the World then the defence of Adem Represented what secure entertainment our Fleet had found in his Ports reckon'd up those which at several times had Anchor'd there on which he was suspitious to the Turk offer'd also besides his Loyalty a reasonable Tribute The Governour considering that by those succours our Arms came into repute and got friends to the State ordered the same Fleet should countenance Caxem the atchieving both the one and other design being but the same Voyage and expence and because the Siege of Adem stood in need of speedy supplies the Governour fore-seeing the main Body of the Fleet would arrive too late and so frustrate the aim and design sent away Dom Iohn de Attayde with four Vessels to make his way into Adem and hold out the Siege till Alvaro's arrival Dom Iohn de Attayde set Sail the fresh North-west Winds endammag'd one of the Ships which arriv'd shattered the rest persu'd their Voyage 84. The Besiegers and Besieg'd in the mean time fought resolutely in Adem drawing Blood on both sides The weight of the Warr light upon some Portuguese of Payo's Fleet who shew'd from a mean Origine glorious Courage so engag'd in the resistance as if they had defended their own Country not a strangers Dominion these suffis'd to retard for many days the Turks Victory and being Souldiers of Fortune our Chronicles in ungratefull silence obscure their Names as if Virtue of necessity were to have noble Progenitors and these were for their own Actions less honourable then others for other men's I believe the great Ones have with injuring Nature set up new Laws not making only Estates but Deserts hereditary 85. Things in Adem being as we have said in that Contingency there appear'd a Fleet of Turks of nine Galleys Royal and some small Vessels which fac't the City and coming to Anchor out of the Bay got to Shore where they Pitch't their Tents and Fortify'd their Encamping advising the Bashaw to joyn 'em with his Army The Arabs on sight of so great numbers come against 'em came remissly to the Defence some Pusillanimous others out of Heart thought the Courage and Strength of the Enemy insuperable and at private meetings blam'd the King's amâ—ition of dilating his Crown with the Blood of his innocent Subjects not content with the fortune of his Predecessours but the Portuguese amongst 'em observing the brightest Fame work't out of difficulties forc't on the Arabs convincing the Resistance to be necessary and possible offering themselves afresh to be the voluntary Companions of their Fortune enough to put new Courage in 'em upon which they vow'd to Dye in their defence not so much out of Obligation as Example 86. The Turks Besieg'd the City by raising two Batteries with pieces on 'em of an extravagant bigness two amongst the rest by them call'd Quartaos carry'd a Bullet of four Palmes circumference which made more Ruins then Breaches in the Walls and from the danger taught the Besieged discipline who made their Retrenchments and Traverses within by which they entertain'd and blunted their assaults and made the Turk's Victory doubtfull and costly But Dom Payo de Noronha carry'd away by some resolute fatality depriv'd the Arabs of the Victory ours of the Honour sending private Orders to all the Portuguese to come and joyn him thus forsaking the defence of a Prince a Friend and Feudatory not complying with the obligation of either his Birth oâ— Office Most of the Portuguese obey'd only Manoel Pereira and Francisco Vieira two Souldiers of Fortune said the City was the Kings of Portugal and they would lose their Lives in the defence it appears the Warrs of those times seem'd to require first Courage then Discipline these two held out the City till the last day and gain'd more repute
according to his capacity judged of the patience of the Siege and resolution of the Battail The common people were endless in the praises of Dom Iohn de Castro as men without envy for persons or fortunes above 'em the Gentlemen and great Ones abetted or consented to the universal Acclamations an unusual virtue to be able to endure the fame of Peers and there was not one so ambitious who coveted for himself a greater Name or more illustrious Atchievements 94. The King and Court put on their Robes and appointed a day to give God thanks in the Chapel with Pious and Royal offerings there was a Learn'd Sermon in which were set forth the Praises and Virtues of the Governour The King acquainted the Pope and the greatest Princes of Europe with the Victory who all gave him joy as for the most famous Action of the East Dom Iohn de Castro in his Letter to the King desir'd leave to return to the Kingdome shewing how little Sollicitous he was of Dignities who left the greatest and that a total neglect might not be branded as a new ambition begg'd of the King two Acres of ground which joyn to his Country-house at Sintra and end in a little Hill which to this day is call'd Monte das Alvicaras The King in the honours conferr'd on him seem'd to consider his Services and in his Reward respected his Fortune all which is seen by his Letter of which we here give you a Copy The King Dom John the Third's Letter 95. VIce-King and Friend I the King heartily salute you The Victory God gave you against the Officers of the King of Cambaya was of as eminent satisfaction to us as 't is fit we should have for such and so great a Conquest and for so great mercies and favours as you in it receiv'd from our Lord for which he is to be ever prais'd there is also much due to the Prudence and great Courage you shew'd in that day as to what you did in the great and speedy Relief you sent to the Fortress of Dio exposing in so extravagant a Season your Sons to Sea by which is seen how much more predominant our Service is with you then the natural affection of a Father which we value as 't is reason we should seeing you not only Routed so great Forces of the Enemies but secur'd all India â—y the great apprehensions our Enemies have of so signal a Victory which service there is as much reason we should Rank as it deserves as we should have for it the requisite satisfaction we had no little discontent for the Death of your Son Dom Fernando both as he was your Son and as he gave proofs in that Age what he would have been in all his Life after and since he Dy'd so honourably and in so eminent service for God and us you ought less to resent his loss and give God thanks he was pleas'd he should so Dye as we know you did shewing by your forgetting the Death of your Son your remembring what was suitable for our Service of which things we shall always be so mindfull as not only to impute 'em to you by our great satisfaction for 'em but by our special grace which is now to have a beginning in the rewards we conferr on you and your Son Dom Alvaro reserving the compleating of 'em for the end of your Service which we are confident and take for granted will be such as that hath been you have already rendered us and in the confidence and experience we have of it though very much desiring at present to comply with you in all things yet considering how much it is for our Service and seeing by your Actions how much more you prise that then all other business of your own we have thought good not to give you leave to return as you desir'd of us and for that purpose recommend to and command you to receive it well and that you will serve us in that Charge other three years at the end of which we will in God's name send you leave to return and we hope he will inable you so to do yet though it be so much for the advantage of our Service that you should continue serving us for that time in those parts if you think your return necessary we should be glad of your writing to us and expecting our answer Pero de Alcacova Carneiro writ it in Lisbone the 20 th of October 1547. The King I believe the Queen Dona Katherine's Letter requires our no less attention where the Subscription is not only Royal but also the Discourse giving judgment on the Actions of the Victory with the Prudence of a Man and Gallantry of a Souldier The Queen Dona Katherine's Letter 96. VIce-King I the Queen heartily salute you I have read your Letter in which you give us a particular account of what you have done and ordered in all those things you thought to be for the service of our Lord the King and for the defence and security of those Parts and that all was so conformable to what you are and to the opinion his Majesty hath of you we have as much satisfaction as 't is reasonable both to see his Majesty is so well serv'd by you and for the signal honour you have purchas'd As to the great care and diligence you upon your Arrival employ'd in the repairing and providing the Fleet 't was a great beginning and of absolute necessity for the remedying so weighty affairs as afterwards presented and we are assur'd how great soever the pains you took in it were your content of having been so well employ'd will be greater you aim'd right in the Warr you made upon Hidalcaon because by that was clearly seen the contrary to what you say is there the receiv'd opinion that he could receive no harm by a Warr with the Portuguese which must be the reason he so often begun it nor have any benefit by Peace with 'em which made him not care to break it and if he knew who you were and how much more prevalent honour then profit is with you he would not have made you the offer he did about Meale but the little impression it had on you and your evident undeceiving him will make him know it As to the business of the Siege and Warr of the Fortress of Dio the mercy of our Lord God was eminent in the Victory he there gave you against so great Force and numbers of the Enemies of his holy Catholick faith as were there from so remote Parts met together and 't is an evident sign of his own Arms upholding the State in those Countries and for all we give him the praises as are reasonable and we acknowledge to be due and it much adds to the great satisfaction our Lord the King and We have for so great a Victory to see with what prudence and conduct you provided all things necessary for the obtaining it
the Altar on the Gospel-side is the Monument of Dom Iohn de Castro in which before 't was clos'd were laid his Bones with the following Epitaph D. JOANNES DE CASTRO XX. PRO RELIGIONE IN UTRAQUE MAURITANIA STIPENDIIS FACTIS NAVATA STRENUE OPERA THUNETANO BELLO MARI RUBRO FELICIBUS ARMIS PENETRATO DEBELLATIS INTER EUPHRATEM ET INDUM NATIONIBUS GEDROSICO REGE PER SIS TUR CIS UNO PRAELIO FUSIS SERVATO DIO IMO REIPUB REDDITO DORMIT IN MAGNUM DIEM NON SIBI SED DEO TRIUMPHATOR PUB LICIS LACHRIMIS COMPOSITUS PUBLICO SUMPTU PRAE PAUPER TATE FUNERATUS OBIIT VIII ID JUNII ANNO 1548. AETATIS 48. Under the Arch adjoyning to this rest the Bones of his Wife Dona Leonor Coutinho 108. On the Epistle-side of the Altar under an Arch over against that where is Castro's Monument rests his Son Dom Alvaro where his Bones were put in the same manner on him is writ this following Epitaph D. ALVARUS DE CASTRO MAGNI JOANNIS PRIMO-GENITUS CUI PENE AB INFANTIA DISCRIMINUM SOCIUS PUGNARUM PRAECURSOR TRIUMPHORUM CONSORS AEMULUS FORTITUDINIS HAERES VIRTUTUM NON OPUM REGUM PROSTATOR IN SINAI VERTIGE EQUES FELICITER INAUGURATUS A REGE SEBASTIANO SUMMIS REGNI AUCTUS HONORIBUS BIS ROMAE SEMEL CASTELLAE GALLIAE SABAUDIAE LEGATIONE PERFUNCTUS OBIIT IV. KALEND SEPTEMB ANNO 1575. AETATIS SUAE 50. In the next Arch to this lies his Wife Dona Anna de Attayde under the Body of the Chapel is made a Vault with six stone Arches in one of which is an Altar to celebrate Mass the rest have Repartments for the Bones and Bodies of the Dead 109. The Bishop Inquisitor General Founder of this Chapel gave for the maintenance of those Religious who are to perform the Duties of it to the Convent of Bemfica two hundred and forty thousand Reis yearly to be paid out of the Chamber of this City of Lisbone which are thus distributed One hundred and twenty thousand Reis for three Masses to be daily Celebrated fifty though given before for the Anniversaries he shall appoint in his Will forty for the Fabrick and providing the Chapel thirty for supplying the necessities of those Religious men who reside in the Novicâ—ate for the looking to and cleaning the Chapel which besides this he Adorn'd with many rich and devout Pieces and gave to the Sachristy all things necessary for Divine Worship as well Ornaments for Holy-days as Work-days Linning Candlesticks of all sizes Lamps and other such like necessaries all in aboundance and perfection 110. Dom Iohn de Castro as Illustrious for his Family as Virtues was Born in Lisbone the 27th of February of the year one thousand five hundred He was second Son to Dom Alvaro de Castro Governour of the House of Civil and to Dona Leonor de Noronha the Daughter of Dom Iohn de Almeyda second Earl of Abrantes Grand-child to Dom Garcia de Castro who was Brother to Dom Alvaro de Castro the first Earl of Monsanto these two were Sons to Dom Fernando de Castro Grand-children to Dom Pedro de Castro and great Grand-children to Dom Alvaro Pirez de Castro Earl of Arrayolos and first Constable of Portugal Brother to the Queen Dona Inez de Castro Wife to King Dom Pedro the Cruel This Constable was Son to Dom Pedro Fernandez de Castro call'd in Castile the Man of Warr who coming into this Kingdome begun here the Illustrious house of the Castros which hath preserv'd it self in so much greatness Dom Pedro by the Male line descended from the Infante Dom Fernando Son to King Dom Garcia of Navarre who Married Dona Maria Alvarez de Castro the only Daughter of the Earl Alvaro Fanhez Minaya the fifth Grand-child in descent from Lain Calvo from whom this Family derives its beginning Dom Iohn de Castro when very young Marry'd Dona Leonor Coutinho his Cousin-German once remov'd greater for her Quality then Portion with whom retiring to the Town of Almada he by an Antidated old Age avoided the ambition of the Court He went to serve at Tangiers where he gave the first but extraordinary proofs of his Courage though of his Actions there we have more from his Fame then our Knowledge He return'd to Court re-call'd by the King Dom Iohn the third and the Kingdome being too narrow for his Gallantry went to India with Dom Garcia de Noronha He accompany'd Dom Estevaon de Gama in his expedition to the Mouth of the Red-Sea and made a Journal of his Voyage a usefull and acceptable work to Sea-men On his return to Portugal he retir'd to his Country-house at Sintra recreating himself by Reading in his Solitudes and employments always Exemplary He put on his Sword again to follow the Eagles of Charls the Emperour in the Battail of Tunez where he rais'd his name with new Glory when this design was over hiding himself from his own Fame he again retir'd to Sintra knowing how to avoid not keep himself from employments The King Dom Iohn made him Admiral of the Navy of the Coast a Service where his Courage was answered by Success He went last of all to Govern India where by the Victories we have related he secur'd and brought into reputation the State When the designs of Warr spar'd him he in a large Card describ'd all the Coast betwixt Goa and Dio marking the Flats and Shelves the height of the Pole in which the Cities lye the depth of Water Anchoring and Creeks which form the Havens the Trade-winds and Nature of those Seas the force of the Currents the swiftness of Rivers disposing the Lines in different Tables all with so minute and exact Geography as only this Work might serve to make him Famous if he were not so eminently for his great Fortitude He look't the same in his streights at Home and prosperity in the East appearing always the same Man in diverse Fortunes his Ambition was to deserve all things and ask nothing He equally did reason and justice to all men unbyast in his Punishments but so Justifiable that the Complaints were more against the Law then Minister He was free to the Souldiers sparing to his Children shewing more civility in his Office then Nature He us'd with a great deal of Ceremony the Actions of his Predecessours honouring even those he put not in practice without prostituting his Civility he preserv'd his Respect He appear'd above the Great ones and Father of the Meanest such was his Life as by that more then by Punishments he reform'd extravagancies his first Zeal was always in God's cause then in the States he past no Virtue without Reward some Vices without Punishment amending not a few some by Favours others by Clemency The presents he receiv'd from the Prince of Asia he put to the King's Revenue a Virtue all prais'd few imitated the maimed Souldiers found him Sollicitous in their Cure and Compassionate of their Condition He oblig'd every one yet seem'd obnoxious to
da Gama lib 1. ibid. Garcia Rodriguez de Tavora Goes to Dio with Antonio Moniz Barretto lib. 2. num 123. pag. 128. The brave Iealousie betwixt them lib. 2. num 124. pag. 210. His Courage in the Fight lib. 2. num 130. pag. 133. Guil. Goutinho Commander of Saint Johns work lib. 2. num 32. pag. 78. The care and courage of his Fighting lib. 2. num 53. pag. 89. He is blown up in a Mine lib. 2. num 115. pag. 122. Goga A City on the Coast of Cambaya whither Dom Manoel da Lima goes lib. 3. n. 32. p. 195. Plunder'd and Burnt ibid. H. Hidaldaon HIs first Embassy to the Governour Dom John lib. 1. num 43. pag. 24. Who this Moor was ibid. How he seiseth on the Crown lib. 1. num 46. pag. 26. His trouble upon Meale's coming to Goa lib. 1. num 48. pag. 28. Offers great Conditions to the Governour Martim Alfonso de Sousa for the Person of Meale lib. 1. num 49. pag. 29. His first coming against the State of India lib. 1. num 53. pag. 31. He treats upon a Peace seeing the fortune of the Portuguese arms lib. 1. n. 66. p. 43. The Governour accepts it lib. 1. num 67. ibid. He sends Souldiers upon the main Land lib. 4. num 18. pag. 214. n. 31. p. 222. His perplexity ibid. He retires to Ponda lib. 4. n. 39. p. 226. The Governour follows him lib. 4. num 40. pag. 217. Makes him retire to the Mountain ibid. He renews the Warr lib. 4. n. 57. p. 235. His losses lib. 4. num 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70. I. Jacome Leite DEfeats a Stratagem of Coge-Sofars lib. 2. num 37. pag. 81. Takes store of Provision from the Enemy with the Slaughter of many of his men lib. 2. num 45. pag. 81. The King Dom John Sends for Dom John de Castro from Tangie and Rewards him lib. 1. num 6. pag. 3. What he gives him at his first going to India lib. 1. num 16. pag. 8. Makes him Admiral of the Navy of the Coast lib. 1. num 21. pag. 10. Afterwards of the Fleet against the Turk lib. 1. num 26. pag. 14. His confidence in him lib. 1. num 27. pag. 14. He elects him for Governour of India lib. 1. num 33. pag. 18. The Letter he writes him lib. 1. num 69. pag. 44. His rejoycing for the news of the Victory of Dio lib. 4. num 94. pag. 253. Another Letter he writes him and the Rewards bestowed upon him lib. 4. num 95. pag. 254. He prolongs his Government three years more with the â—itle of Vice-Roy lib. 4. num 98. pag. 261. He sends six Ships to India lib. 4. num 99. pag. 262. Dom John de Albequerque Bishop He remains in the Government with Dom Diogo de Almeyda in the absence of the Governour lib. 3. num 1. pag. 167. At his return visits him on the Sea lib. 3. num 39. pag. 199. Receives him in the See with a Te Deum Laudamus lib. 3. num 41. pag. 203. The Vice-Roy at his Death resigns the Government to him and Dom Diogo d' Almeyda lib. 4. num 101. pag. 263. Dom John d' Almeyda And his Brother Dom Pedro intrusted with Saint James's work at Dio lib. 2. num 32. pag. 78. They Sally out against the Enemy and their Execution lib. 2. num 94. pag. 111. His Courage in the Fight lib. 2. num 53. 68. 75. Dom John d' Attayde Goes to Adem with Dom Alvaro de Castro lib. 4. num 82. pag. 247. The Governour sends him to Caxem lib. 4. num 8. pag. 248. The success of his Voyage lib. 4. num 88. pag. 250. He is met with by Dom Alvaro lib. 4. num 89. ibid. His Courage at Xael lib. 4. num 91. pag. 252. Dom John de Castro His first Studies lib. 1. num 1. pag. 1. Applies himself to the Mathematicks lib. 1. num 2. pag. 1. He goes to Tangiers lib. 1. num 4. pag. 2. His behaviour at Court lib. 1. num 7. pag. 3. He Marries Dona Leonor Coutinho lib. 1. num 8. ibid. He goes to Tunis lib. 1. num 9. ibid. Returned from that Expedition he retires to Sintra lib. 1. num 14. pag. 7. His first Voyage to the Indies lib. 1. num 15. pag. 7. In the company of Dom Garcia de Noronha lib. 1. num 16. pag. 8. He goes with Relief to Dio lib. 1. num 17. pag. 8. He goes to the Red-Sea with Dom Estevaon da Gama lib. 1. num 19. pag. 9. He makes a Iournal of the Voyage ibid. He returns to Portugall and the King makes him Admiral of the Navy of the Coast lib. 1. num 21. pag. 10. He defeats seven Ships of the Pirats ibid. Brings in the Fleet from India ibid. The King makes him Admiral of the Navy against the Turk lib. 1. num 26. pag. 14. He discourseth with Dom Alvaro Bacaon the Emperours Admiral about the Action lib. 1. num 28. pag. 15. They resolve to Fight ibid. He continues in that opinion against the Spanish General ibid. Expects the Enemy three days in the Streights mouth lib. 1. num 29. pag. 16. Goes to Ceita lib. 1. num 3. pag. 16. Returns to Lisbone and retires to Sintra ibid. The King makes him Governour of India lib. 1. num 33. pag. 18. He takes care for providing the Fleet lib. 1. num 34. pag. 19. He reproves the fine Cloaths of his Son lib. 1. num 35. ibid. He departs for India lib. 1. num 37. pag. 20. He arrives at Mozambick lib. 1. num 38. pag. 21. He departs thence for Goa lib. 1. num 39. pag. 22. His reception there lib. 1. num 40. ibid. The condition he finds India in lib. 1. num 41. pag. 23. His answer to Hidalcaon about the business of Meale lib. 1. num 51. pag. 30. His preparaetions for the Warr lib. 1. num 52. pag. 31. He goes against Azedecaon one of Hidalcaon's Commanders lib. 1. num 55. pag. 33. He fights him and routs him ibid. He takes care about the affairs of the State lib. 1. num 68. pag. 44. And about matters of Religion ibid. He sends men to Dio lib. 2. num 10. pag. 64. He writes to Sultan Mahomet concerning that Fortress ibid. He sends Recruits to Dio lib. 2. num 23. pag. 72. Afterwards his Son Dom Ferdinando with fresh Recruits lib. 2. num 30. pag. 76. Writes a civil Letter to Dom John Mascarenhas lib. 2. num 31. pag. 72. Proclaims Warr against Cambaya lib. 2. num 43. pag. 84. Writes to all the places and borrows Money to relieve Dio lib. 2. num 44. pag. 85. Makes publick Prayers ibid. His sollicitousness about the Râ—cruits lib. 2. num 86. pag. 107. He sends his Son Dom Alvaro lib. 3. num 87. ibid. And Dom Francisco de Menezes lib. 2. ibid. The preparation he makes lib. 2. num 89. pag. 108. num 92. pag. 110. Hears news from Dio lib. 2. num 175. pag. 158. The