Selected quad for the lemma: state_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	great_a	king_n	monarch_n	1,055	5	9.5526	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A37240	The question concerning impositions, tonnage, poundage, prizage, customs, &c. fully stated and argued, from reason, law, and policy dedicated to King James in the latter end of his reign / by Sir John Davies ...	Davies, John, Sir, 1569-1626.	1656 (1656)	Wing D407; ESTC R1608	63,423	186

tally_n le_fw-fr talon_n les_fw-fr aid_n les_fw-fr aquavalentas_fw-la les_fw-fr equi_fw-la pollentes_fw-la les_fw-fr cruces_fw-la or_o augmentation_n of_o divers_a kind_n le_fw-fr hop_n benevolence_n la_o gabelle_n upon_o salt_n amount_v to_o a_o exceed_a great_a revenue_n the_o impost_n of_o wine_n upon_o every_o vessel_n carry_v into_o any_o wall_a town_n or_o suburb_n thereof_o and_o payable_a although_o it_o be_v transport_v thence_o again_o before_o it_o be_v sell_v la_o halt_fw-fr passage_n or_o de_fw-fr main_a foreign_a for_o merchandize_n export_v le_fw-fr traject_n forrene_a for_o merchandize_n import_v la_o solid_a de_fw-fr cinquant_n mil_fw-mi holme_fw-fr impose_v upon_o city_n and_o wall_a town_n and_o the_o suburb_n only_o and_o after_o lay_v upon_o town_n and_o country_n without_o distinction_n the_o common_a position_n for_o provision_n the_o tenth_o pay_v by_o all_o ecclesiastical_a person_n these_o and_o other_o imposition_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n be_v lay_v and_o levy_v upon_o the_o subject_n of_o france_n by_o the_o absolute_a power_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n and_o though_o many_o of_o these_o be_v impose_v at_o first_o upon_o extraordinary_a occasion_n and_o set_v but_o for_o a_o time_n yet_o the_o succeed_a prince_n have_v continue_v they_o from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o make_v ordinary_a and_o perpetual_a by_o king_n lewis_n the_o 11._o who_o be_v wont_a to_o say_v france_n be_v a_o meadow_n which_o he_o can_v have_v mow_v as_o often_o as_o he_o please_v in_o spain_n there_o be_v a_o imposition_n name_v alcavala_n imposition_n impose_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o nobility_n as_o the_o commons_o which_o be_v first_o raise_v by_o alphonsus_n the_o 12._o to_o expel_v the_o moor_n and_o for_o the_o expurgation_n of_o algiers_n but_o afterwards_o it_o was_v make_v perpetual_a and_o be_v now_o a_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o royal_a patrimony_n gutturis_fw-la de_fw-la gabellis_fw-la quaest._n 174._o 174_o this_o imposition_n be_v at_o first_o but_o the_o twenty_o part_n but_o afterwards_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o ten_o of_o every_o man_n estate_n which_o do_v far_o surmount_v the_o high_a imposition_n that_o ever_o be_v lay_v in_o england_n by_o the_o king_n prerogative_n without_o act_n of_o parliament_n this_o al●avali_fw-la be_v a_o imposition_n within_o the_o land_n but_o the_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n export_v and_o import_v be_v far_o high_o especial_o upon_o merchant_n stranger_n for_o their_o common_a imposition_n upon_o stranger_n be_v five_o part_n upon_o the_o hundred_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1604._o they_o impose_v thirty_o of_o the_o hundred_o as_o be_v before_o declare_v and_o upon_o the_o ingate_n of_o indian_a spice_n into_o portugal_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n do_v lay_v the_o great_a rate_n that_o ever_o be_v set_v in_o christendom_n although_o upon_o the_o outgate_n the_o rate_n be_v more_o moderate_a in_o italy_n the_o imposition_n and_o gabelle_n set_v upon_o every_o kind_n of_o thing_n by_o the_o state_n and_o prince_n there_o be_v intolerable_a and_o innumerable_a non_fw-la mihi_fw-la si_fw-la centum_fw-la linguae_fw-la sunt_fw-la or_o aque_fw-la centum_fw-la ferrea_fw-la vox_fw-la italorum_fw-la omnes_fw-la numerare_fw-la gabellas_fw-la cunct_v a_o gabellarum_fw-la percurrere_fw-la nomina_fw-la possem_fw-la especial_o upon_o the_o great_a town_n and_o territory_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n imposition_n where_o there_o be_v not_o any_o root_n nor_o any_o herb_n nor_o the_o least_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o life_n of_o man_n that_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v or_o bring_v into_o any_o town_n but_o there_o be_v a_o gabell_n or_o imposition_n set_v upon_o it_o where_o no_o inn-holder_n baker_n brewer_n or_o artificer_n can_v exercise_v his_o trade_n but_o the_o great_a duke_n will_v share_v with_o he_o in_o his_o gain_n by_o lay_v some_o imposition_n upon_o he_o where_o no_o man_n can_v travel_v by_o land_n or_o by_o water_n but_o at_o every_o bridge_n at_o every_o ferry_n at_o every_o wharf_n or_o key_n at_o every_o gate_n of_o a_o town_n the_o garbellor_n arrest_v he_o and_o be_v ready_a to_o strip_v he_o naked_a to_o search_v what_o good_n he_o have_v about_o he_o for_o which_o he_o ought_v to_o pay_v the_o garbell_n in_o the_o pope_n territory_n the_o imposition_n pope_n which_o his_o holiness_n do_v lay_v upon_o his_o subject_n as_o a_o temporal_a prince_n be_v as_o many_o and_o as_o heavy_a as_o those_o that_o be_v levy_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o tuscany_n in_o so_o much_o as_o when_o sixtus_n quintus_n quintus_fw-la have_v set_v a_o imposition_n upon_o every_o thing_n that_o serve_v for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n life_n pasquil_n make_v haste_n to_o dry_v his_o shirt_n in_o the_o sun_n fear_v the_o pope_n will_v set_v some_o imposition_n upon_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n mi_fw-mi astingo_fw-la say_v he_o in_o the_o 16._o sole_fw-la sevenda_fw-la i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o exaction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n in_o another_o kind_n which_o be_v infinite_a and_o which_o long_o lie_v heavy_a upon_o the_o western_a country_n of_o christendom_n until_o of_o late_a year_n some_o nation_n do_v free_v themselves_o thereof_o by_o reject_v the_o yoke_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o signiory_n of_o venice_n venice_n the_o gabelle_n upon_o the_o land_n be_v more_o moderate_a than_o in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n but_o that_o city_n be_v the_o lady_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n do_v use_n by_o prescription_n a_o high_a prerogative_n in_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o all_o merchandize_n arrive_v within_o the_o gulf_n civitas_fw-la venetiorum_fw-la say_v baltholus_n baltholus_n potest_fw-la pro_fw-la maritmeis_fw-la mercibus_fw-la gabellas_fw-la imponere_fw-la quia_fw-la est_fw-la civitas_fw-la in_fw-la mari_fw-la situata_fw-la and_o veneti_n say_v baldus_n ex_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la sunt_fw-la domini_fw-la maris_fw-la adriatici_fw-la et_fw-la possunt_fw-la statuere_fw-la super_fw-la gabellis_fw-la maris_fw-la baldus_n wherein_o they_o observe_v a_o profitable_a and_o politic_a course_n for_o upon_o the_o commodity_n of_o other_o nation_n which_o be_v of_o good_n in_o their_o commonwealth_n they_o lie_v the_o easy_a imposition_n sometime_o five_o sometime_o seven_o sometime_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o which_o do_v exceed_v the_o high_a imposition_n in_o england_n five_o in_o the_o hundred_o at_o the_o least_o in_o the_o low_a country_n the_o imposition_n country_n which_o they_o call_v exeize_v pay_v by_o the_o retaylor_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o not_o by_o the_o merchant_n be_v the_o high_a in_o christendom_n and_o yet_o we_o perceive_v that_o people_n to_o thrive_v and_o grow_v rich_a withal_o for_o a_o improve_v high_a rent_n do_v so_o quicken_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o farmer_n as_o he_o thrive_v oftentimes_o better_a than_o his_o neighbour_n who_o be_v a_o freeholder_n and_o pay_v no_o rent_n at_o all_o howbeit_o to_o draw_v trade_n and_o to_o invite_v all_o nation_n to_o commerce_n with_o they_o and_o so_o to_o make_v their_o country_n a_o staple_n storehouse_n or_o magazine_n of_o all_o europe_n they_o do_v set_v but_o easy_a rate_n upon_o merchandize_n import_v but_o when_o they_o once_o have_v get_v their_o commodity_n in_o to_o their_o hand_n if_o any_o merchant_n will_v export_v the_o same_o again_o he_o shall_v pay_v a_o great_a custom_n the_o grand_a signior_n of_o turkey_n turkey_n do_v impose_v sometime_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o sometime_o twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o upon_o merchant_n stranger_n who_o trade_n into_o the_o levant_n and_o i_o can_v speak_v of_o his_o other_o exaction_n and_o imposition_n upon_o his_o vassal_n but_o that_o i_o think_v it_o not_o meet_v to_o compare_v that_o region_n tyrant_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o state_n of_o christendom_n i_o may_v remember_v at_o last_o the_o great_a toll_n which_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n denmark_n take_v of_o every_o ship_n that_o pass_v into_o the_o sound_n take_v advantage_n of_o a_o narrow_a straight_o between_o elsmore_n and_o copman_n haven_n whereas_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v the_o undoubted_a lord_n of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n between_o dover_n and_o calais_n may_v take_v the_o like_a toll_n if_o it_o please_v he_o and_o by_o the_o same_o right_n may_v participate_v of_o the_o great_a gain_n of_o fish_v which_o the_o buss_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n do_v make_v yearly_a upon_o the_o coast_n of_o great_a britain_n thus_o we_o see_v by_o this_o comparison_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v lay_v but_o his_o little_a finger_n upon_o his_o subject_n when_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n do_v lay_v their_o heavy_a loin_n upon_o their_o people_n what_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n from_o whence_o come_v it_o assure_o not_o from_o a_o different_a power_n or_o prerogative_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v as_o absolute_a a_o monarch_n as_o any_o emperor_n or_o king_n in_o the_o world_n

merchant_n what_o duty_n they_o shall_v pay_v and_o upon_o what_o term_n and_o condition_n they_o shall_v pass_v to_o and_o fro_o upon_o the_o sea_n and_o come_v in_o and_o out_o of_o his_o stream_n and_o port_n with_o their_o ship_n and_o merchandize_n podagium_fw-la in_fw-la mari_fw-la debet_fw-la solvi_fw-la sicut_fw-la in_fw-la teria_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la impositum_fw-la per_fw-la dominuni_fw-la maris_fw-la say_v baldus_n and_o the_o right_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o sea_n say_v another_o doctor_n be_v ius_fw-la navigandi_fw-la jus_fw-la piscandi_fw-la jus_fw-la imponendi_fw-la vectigalia_fw-la pro_fw-la utroque_fw-la again_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v the_o like_a prerogative_n in_o the_o government_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n belong_v to_o this_o kingdom_n as_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n have_v within_o their_o dominion_n he_o must_v of_o necessity_n have_v the_o like_a absolute_a power_n as_o they_o all_o have_v to_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n import_v and_o export_v otherwise_o he_o can_v possible_o hold_v the_o balance_n of_o trade_n upright_o or_o preserve_v a_o equality_n of_o traffic_n between_o his_o own_o subject_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o foreign_a prince_n and_o consequent_o it_o will_v lie_v in_o the_o power_n of_o our_o neighbour_n to_o drain_v and_o draw_v away_o all_o our_o wealth_n in_o a_o short_a time_n or_o else_o to_o overthrow_v all_o trade_n and_o commerce_n between_o we_o and_o they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o we_o shall_v have_v no_o mean_n to_o encounter_v or_o avoid_v the_o mischief_n for_o their_o prince_n have_v sole_a power_n to_o impose_v will_v have_v the_o sole_a make_n and_o manage_n of_o the_o market_n between_o their_o subject_n and_o we_o and_o consequent_o may_v set_v what_o price_n they_o please_v upon_o all_o merchandize_n enforce_v we_o to_o sell_v our_o commodity_n cheap_a and_o buy_v their_o commodity_n dear_a only_o by_o this_o advantage_n of_o lay_v imposition_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n of_o england_n must_v of_o necessity_n have_v the_o same_o absolute_a power_n to_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n as_o other_o prince_n have_v as_o well_o ut_fw-la evitetur_fw-la absurdum_fw-la as_o to_o prevent_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o equal_a balance_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n between_o his_o subject_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o foreign_a prince_n upon_o this_o reason_n when_o the_o duke_n of_o venice_n in_o the_o time_n of_o q._n eliz._n as_o be_v before_o express_v have_v lay_v a_o imposition_n of_o one_o ducat_n upon_o a_o 100_o li._n weight_n of_o currant_n carry_v out_o of_o his_o dominion_n by_o any_o english_a merchant_n the_o queen_n by_o special_a patent_n in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o ●●e_n reign_n do_v enable_v the_o merchant_n which_o do_v trade_n into_o the_o levant_n to_o levy_v five_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n upon_o every_o 100_o livre._n weight_n of_o currant_n bring_v into_o england_n by_o any_o merchant_n stranger_n upon_o the_o like_a reason_n when_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n 8._o 8._o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o freneh_n king_n have_v raise_v the_o valuation_n of_o their_o money_n both_o so_o high_a as_o there_o grow_v not_o only_o a_o inequality_n of_o trade_n between_o their_o subject_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n but_o our_o money_n stand_v at_o their_o former_a value_n be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n in_o great_a quantity_n the_o king_n in_o the_o 24_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v a_o commission_n unto_o cardinal_n woolsey_n to_o enhance_v the_o value_n of_o english_a money_n likewise_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o set_v balance_n of_o trade_n even_o again_o and_o to_o keep_v our_o money_n within_o the_o realm_n upon_o the_o same_o reason_n of_o state_n when_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n that_o now_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1614_o 1614_o have_v lay_v a_o imposition_n of_o thirty_o upon_o the_o hundred_o on_o all_o merchandize_n import_v and_o export_v by_o stranger_n the_o french_a king_n hen._n 4._o be_v quick_o sensible_a of_o it_o and_o do_v forthwith_o impose_v the_o like_a in_o his_o kingdom_n then_o it_o follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o other_o nation_n shall_v follow_v and_o imitate_v they_o whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o commerce_n of_o merchant_n general_o throughout_o christendom_n begin_v to_o decay_v which_o be_v perceive_v by_o these_o two_o great_a prince_n they_o agree_v to_o take_v away_o those_o excessive_a imposition_n upon_o several_a treaty_n between_o they_o and_o the_o italian_n and_o after_o between_o they_o and_o the_o english_a and_o the_o dutch_a brief_o we_o find_v example_n in_o all_o age_n that_o whensoever_o by_o reason_n of_o war_n or_o for_o any_o other_o cause_n any_o foreign_a prince_n give_v the_o least_o impediment_n to_o merchant_n in_o their_o trade_n our_o prince_n give_v the_o like_a entertainment_n to_o their_o merchant_n again_o this_o be_v declare_v in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o 30._o where_o it_o be_v plain_o express_v what_o entertainment_n the_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n shall_v expect_v in_o england_n habeant_fw-la salvum_fw-la et_fw-la securum_fw-la conductum_fw-la say_v the_o charter_n praeterquam_fw-la in_fw-la tempore_fw-la guerrae_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la f●●rint_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la contra_fw-la nos_fw-la guerrina_fw-la then_o as_o our_o merchant_n be_v use_v with_o they_o so_o shall_v their_o merchant_n be_v use_v with_o we_o 46_o edw._n 3._o 3._o the_o countess_n of_o flanders_n have_v arrest_v the_o good_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n there_o the_o king_n in_o recompense_n of_o their_o loss_n grant_v unto_o they_o all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o fleming_n in_o england_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o notable_a record_n mention_v before_o 1_o edw._n 3._o 3._o pat_o m._n 19_o in_o arch._n turris_n there_o be_v many_o other_o example_n of_o mutual_a embarment_n of_o trade_n between_o the_o fleming_n and_o we_o and_o also_o between_o we_o and_o the_o french_a man_n during_o our_o war_n with_o france_n which_o i_o omit_v i_o will_v recite_v only_o one_o precedent_n in_o the_o 40_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n elizabeth_n at_o which_o time_n the_o merchant_n of_o the_o haunce_n town_n have_v by_o sinister_a information_n procure_v the_o emperor_n to_o banish_v our_o english_a merchant_n out_o of_o the_o empire_n the_o queen_n by_o her_o special_a commission_n do_v authorise_v the_o mayor_n and_o sheriff_n of_o london_n to_o repair_v to_o the_o still-yard_n be_v the_o hostell_n of_o the_o haunce_n to_o seize_v that_o house_n into_o her_o majesty_n hand_n and_o there_o to_o give_v warning_n to_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o haunce_n town_n to_o forbear_v traffic_n with_o any_o of_o her_o subject_n in_o england_n and_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n upon_o that_o very_a day_n which_o be_v assign_v to_o our_o merchant_n to_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o empire_n last_o for_o the_o order_n and_o government_n of_o trade_n among_o our_o own_o merchant_n in_o foreign_a country_n and_o at_o home_n our_o king_n by_o their_o prerogative_n have_v institute_v divers_a society_n and_o company_n of_o merchant_n as_o the_o company_n of_o merchant-adventurer_n the_o muscovia_n company_n the_o turkey_n company_n the_o east_n india_n company_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v create_v uphold_v and_o rule_v by_o the_o king_n charter_n only_o whereupon_o i_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v the_o same_o power_n in_o govern_v and_o balance_v trade_n as_o other_o prince_n have_v may_v just_o execute_v the_o same_o power_n as_o well_o by_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n as_o by_o the_o other_o mean_n which_o be_v before_o express_v chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o several_a objection_n that_o be_v make_v against_o the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n and_o the_o several_a answer_n thereunto_o the_o first_o objection_n 1._o touch_v the_o property_n which_o all_o free_a subject_n have_v in_o their_o good_n first_o it_o be_v object_v that_o under_o a_o royal_a monarchy_n where_o the_o prince_n do_v govern_v by_o a_o positive_a law_n the_o subject_n have_v a_o property_n in_o their_o good_n and_o inheritance_n in_o their_o land_n ad_fw-la reges_fw-la potestas_fw-la omnium_fw-la pertinet_fw-la and_o singulos_fw-la proprietas_fw-la so_o as_o the_o king_n have_v no_o such_o prerogative_n say_v they_o whereby_o he_o may_v take_v away_o the_o land_n or_o good_n of_o a_o subject_a without_o his_o consent_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o a_o case_n of_o forfeiture_n and_o therefore_o though_o samuel_n foretell_v the_o people_n when_o they_o desire_v a_o king_n hoc_fw-la erit_fw-la ius_fw-la regis_fw-la tollere_fw-la agros_fw-la vestros_fw-la and_o vineas_fw-la and_o oliveta_fw-la and_o d●re_n seruis_fw-la suis_fw-la yet_o ahab_n though_o he_o be_v a_o wicked_a king_n do_v not_o claim_v that_o pretogative_n when_o he_o covet_v naboth_n vineyard_n neither_o do_v he_o enter_v into_o it_o until_o naboth_n by_o false_a witness_n be_v condemn_v

penny_n and_o for_o every_o three_o hundred_o wool-fell_n six_o shilling_n and_o four_o penny_n and_o for_o every_o last_o of_o leather_n a_o demi_a mark_n over_o and_o above_o the_o duty_n payable_a by_o denizen_n for_o the_o same_o commodity_n which_o grant_v be_v make_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o every_o nation_n not_o be_v incorporate_v and_o make_v a_o body_n politic_a be_v in_o respect_n of_o they_o of_o no_o force_n of_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n until_o the_o king_n charter_n make_v it_o good_a and_o maintain_v it_o until_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o parliament_n 27_o edw._n 3._o 3._o which_o be_v fifty_o year_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o charter_n upon_o the_o matter_n these_o duty_n payable_a by_o merchant_n stranger_n be_v only_o imposition_n raise_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o king_n charter_n which_o charter_n be_v make_v in_o england_n be_v afterwards_o establish_v exemplify_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o transmit_v into_o ireland_n with_o a_o special_a writ_n direct_v to_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o custom_n there_o to_o levy_v three_o penny_n of_o the_o pound_n and_o other_o duty_n mention_v in_o that_o charter_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o red_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n there_o by_o virtue_n of_o which_o write_v only_o without_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o three_o penny_n of_o the_o pound_n and_o other_o duty_n be_v levy_v and_o pay_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o ireland_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n payable_a for_o wine_n call_v prizage_n and_o butlerage_n the_o most_o ancient_a custom_n payable_a for_o wine_n be_v prizage_n butlerage_n which_o be_v not_o any_o sum_n of_o money_n but_o two_o ton_n of_o wine_n in_fw-la specie_fw-la out_o of_o every_o ship_n freight_v with_o twenty_o tun_n the_o one_o to_o be_v take_v before_o the_o mast_n and_o the_o other_o behind_o the_o mast_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o price_n which_o the_o king_n himself_o do_v limit_v to_o pay_v be_v twenty_o shilling_n only_o for_o every_o tun_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o ancient_a record_n of_o 52_o hen._n 3._o 3._o whereby_o we_o may_v conjecture_v what_o easy_a rate_v the_o king_n give_v for_o the_o prize_n of_o other_o merchandize_n this_o custom_n of_o prizage_n be_v mere_o a_o imposition_n for_o it_o can_v not_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o foreign_a nation_n be_v nobody_o politic_a as_o be_v before_o declare_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n whereby_o our_o own_o merchant_n do_v ever_o grant_v it_o unto_o the_o crown_n this_o duty_n of_o prizage_n be_v remit_v unto_o the_o stranger_n by_o the_o charter_n of_o 31_o edw._n 1._o 1._o before_o mention_v and_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o same_o charter_n the_o king_n before_o mention_v receive_v two_o shilling_n for_o every_o tun_n of_o wine_n bring_v in_o by_o stranger_n which_o we_o now_o call_v butlerage_n but_o prizage_n be_v pay_v in_fw-la specie_fw-la by_o all_o our_o own_o merchant_n at_o this_o day_n the_o citizen_n of_o london_n only_o except_v who_o have_v remission_n of_o prizage_n by_o a_o special_a charge_n be_v charge_v with_o a_o new_a imposition_n call_v gage_n viz._n de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la dolio_fw-la 1_o d._n de_fw-fr vinis_fw-la venientibus_fw-la london_n which_o be_v account_v foreign_a magno_fw-la rot._n an._n 1_o edw._n 1._o in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o pipe_n at_o westminster_n the_o last_o of_o these_o imposition_n which_o by_o the_o continuance_n have_v get_v the_o name_n of_o custom_n be_v lay_v and_o impose_v three_o hundred_o year_n since_o and_o have_v ever_o since_o be_v approve_v and_o be_v now_o maintain_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n as_o the_o lawful_a and_o ancient_a inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o ancient_a officer_n which_o our_o king_n have_v create_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o prerogative_n to_o search_v and_o oversee_v all_o sort_n of_o merchandize_n and_o to_o collect_v the_o duty_n payable_a for_o the_o same_o as_o our_o ancient_a king_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o prerogative_n without_o parliament_n have_v lay_v the_o custom_n or_o imposition_n before_o express_v upon_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandize_n export_v and_o import_v so_o by_o the_o same_o prerogative_n have_v they_o ordain_v several_a sort_n of_o officer_n to_o search_v and_o oversee_v those_o merchandize_n on_o which_o they_o have_v lay_v those_o imposition_n namely_o the_o gauger_n gauger_n of_o wine_n a_o high_a officer_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o imposition_n of_o the_o gage_n itself_o before_o mention_v the_o alneger_n alneger_n of_o the_o clothes_n which_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o clothes_n for_o there_o be_v a_o record_n of_o 14_o edw._n 2._o 2._o in_fw-la archivis_fw-la turris_fw-la which_o speak_v of_o the_o alneger_n the_o packer_n of_o wool_n the_o garbellor_n of_o spice_n beside_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o custom_n viz._n the_o customer_n controller_n and_o searcher_n searcher_n all_o which_o officer_n have_v ever_o take_v fee_n of_o merthant_n both_o denizen_n and_o alien_n not_o by_o grant_n of_o the_o merchant_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o several_a patent_n grant_v from_o the_o king_n chap._n xiv_o of_o other_o imposition_n beside_o the_o ancient_a custom_n before_o mention_v lay_v upon_o merchandize_n by_o several_a king_n and_o queen_n since_o the_o conquest_n some_o of_o which_o imposition_n have_v be_v discontinue_v or_o remit_v and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v continue_v and_o pay_v at_o this_o day_n and_o first_o of_o the_o imposition_n set_v by_o king_n edw._n 1._o over_o and_o beside_o the_o custom_n speak_v of_o before_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o record_n of_o the_o exchequer_n of_o england_n that_o in_o 16_o edw._n 1._o a_o imposition_n of_o four_o shilling_n be_v lay_v upon_o every_o tun_n of_o wine_n bring_v into_o england_n from_o certain_a town_n in_o gascogine_n and_o spain_n and_o at_o this_o day_n answer_v and_o count_v for_o duty_n for_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n until_o the_o 26_o edw._n 1._o when_o it_o be_v remit_v but_o during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n only_o it_o appear_v likewise_o 25_o edw._n 1._o 1._o by_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o confirmation_n then_o make_v of_o the_o great_a charter_n that_o king_n edw._n 1._o have_v for_o divers_a year_n before_o set_v and_o lay_v a_o imposition_n of_o forty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n export_v which_o ad_fw-la instantiam_fw-la communitatis_fw-la he_o be_v please_v to_o remit_v which_o remittal_n be_v of_o mere_a grace_n upon_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o commons_o after_o that_o imposition_n have_v be_v lay_v many_o year_n before_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o this_o imposition_n of_o forty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n be_v take_v and_o levy_v above_o twenty_o year_n together_o after_o the_o new_a imposition_n of_o the_o demi_a mark_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n which_o be_v set_v and_o establish_v for_o that_o begin_v in_o 3_o edw._n 1._o and_o this_o imposition_n of_o forty_o shilling_n continue_v till_o 25_o edw._n 1._o which_o be_v a_o strong_a argument_n that_o the_o first_o establishment_n of_o the_o demi_a mark_n be_v not_o by_o a_o bind_a act_n of_o parliament_n with_o a_o negative_a voice_n that_o no_o other_o duty_n shall_v be_v take_v for_o those_o merchandize_n as_o be_v surmise_a but_o be_v only_o a_o mitigation_n or_o reducement_n of_o a_o great_a custom_n pay_v before_o which_o be_v do_v of_o mere_a grace_n upon_o some_o reason_n of_o state_n at_o that_o time_n chap._n xv_o of_o the_o imposition_n set_v and_o take_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o in_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v as_o well_o take_v the_o ancient_a as_o the_o new_a custom_n upon_o wool_n wooll-sell_n and_o leather_n which_o ancient_a custom_n must_v needs_o be_v intend_v a_o ancient_a imposition_n over_o and_o beside_o the_o demi_a mark_n which_o be_v then_o call_v the_o new_a custom_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o a_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n 3_o ed._n 2._o 2._o claus._n memb._n 16._o where_o the_o king_n direct_v his_o writ_n collectoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la tam_fw-la antiquae_fw-la quam_fw-la novae_fw-la customae_fw-la lanarum_fw-la pellium_fw-la et_fw-la corriorum_fw-la and_o require_v they_o to_o pay_v certain_a debt_n of_o his_o father_n king_n edward_n 1._o out_o of_o their_o old_a and_o new_a custom_n and_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n pro_fw-la damnis_fw-la occasione_fw-la retardationis_fw-la solutionis_fw-la debitis_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o howbeit_o afterwards_o he_o be_v a_o weak_a prince_n and_o misguide_a by_o ill_a counsel_n and_o overruled_a by_o his_o unruly_a baron_n be_v drive_v first_o to_o suspend_v the_o payment_n of_o his_o custom_n of_o three_o penny_n the_o pound_n and_o other_o duty_n contain_v