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this_o man_n who_o be_v bear_v at_o bourge_n be_v entire_o addict_v to_o foreign_a trade_n in_o a_o time_n when_o scarce_o any_o one_o meddle_v with_o it_o in_o france_n get_v prodigious_a wealth_n which_o he_o employ_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n and_o the_o support_v of_o the_o state_n matthew_n coucy_n a_o historian_n his_o contemporary_a speak_v of_o he_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o king_n say_v he_o have_v in_o his_o kingdom_n a_o man_n of_o mean_a extraction_n who_o name_n be_v jaques_n cover_v who_o by_o his_o sense_n vigilance_n and_o good_a conduct_n so_o order_v it_o as_o to_o undertake_v trade_v in_o commodity_n of_o the_o hight_a value_n which_o he_o still_o continue_v to_o do_v notwithstanding_o his_o be_v make_v moneyer_n to_o king_n charles_n in_o which_o office_n he_o continue_v a_o long_a while_n in_o great_a power_n and_o prosperity_n he_o have_v under_o he_o many_o clerk_n and_o factor_n who_o have_v the_o 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of_o the_o sale_n of_o linen_n and_o other_o good_n for_o some_o time_n last_o pass_v contrary_a to_o the_o hope_n they_o entertain_v of_o a_o change_n which_o will_v be_v more_o advantageous_a than_o the_o last_o to_o the_o trade_n of_o batavia_n on_o account_n of_o the_o great_a privilege_n our_o people_n have_v obtain_v from_o suzan_n honnan_n on_o the_o eastern_a coast_n of_o java_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o supply_v that_o prince_n receive_v from_o the_o company_n against_o his_o rebel_n subject_n to_o quell_v which_o rebellion_n cost_v much_o blood_n and_o treasure_n for_o it_o be_v no_o strange_a thing_n that_o subject_n so_o rebellious_a as_o they_o be_v shall_v do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o mischief_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o our_o people_n and_o the_o company_n because_o of_o those_o great_a convenience_n of_o have_v such_o a_o number_n of_o good_a port_n and_o havens_n all_o along_o the_o eastern_a coast_n and_o by_o the_o vast_a gain_n they_o there_o make_v which_o 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and_o earnest_o pray_v he_o to_o bless_v and_o strengthen_v his_o great_a work_n of_o the_o dutch_a company_n in_o the_o east_n indies_n for_o the_o perpetual_a good_a and_o prosperity_n of_o the_o state_n i_o have_v only_o this_o to_o add_v that_o after_o live_v there_o thirty_o five_o year_n i_o have_v at_o last_o obtain_v my_o be_v recall_v from_o the_o east_n indies_n upon_o my_o repeat_v instance_n that_o i_o may_v return_v to_o my_o dear_a country_n it_o have_v please_v the_o high_a regency_n of_o the_o indies_n to_o confer_v on_o i_o the_o command_n of_o the_o fleet_n of_o the_o company_n in_o my_o return_n and_o with_o which_o i_o leave_v the_o road_n of_o batavia_n the_o 29_o the_o day_n of_o november_n 1696_o with_o six_o ship_n the_o name_n of_o which_o be_v as_o follows_z viz._n castrikan_n schelde_v oestreland_n honslaerdick_n spaâ—dick_n and_o the_o gild_a wane_n and_o come_v to_o anchor_v the_o first_o of_o december_n follow_v before_o bantan_n this_o place_n be_v 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and_o languervich_n we_o likewise_o find_v in_o that_o road_n the_o alkmaar_n and_o cressembourg_n which_o happy_o arrive_v from_o coromandel_n and_o wait_v for_o we_o a_o long_a while_n at_o the_o cape_n some_o little_a time_n after_o we_o see_v come_v into_o that_o road_n the_o fleet_n mesmelehede_a from_o bengal_n consist_v of_o 13_o vessel_n i_o can_v assure_v your_o high_a mightiness_n that_o the_o port_n of_o the_o cape_n be_v very_o well_o situate_v and_o as_o important_a as_o necessary_a both_o for_o those_o ship_n that_o go_v to_o and_o those_o that_o return_v from_o the_o indies_n it_o be_v a_o sure_a refuge_n and_o a_o very_a convenient_a place_n for_o refit_v and_o clean_v ship_n and_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o all_o necessary_a provision_n the_o air_n be_v extreme_o wholesome_a and_o here_o the_o sick_a recover_v their_o health_n here_o be_v all_o sort_n of_o good_a herb_n and_o fruit_n in_o abundance_n excellent_a beef_n and_o mutton_n and_o in_o vast_a plenty_n and_o by_o the_o care_n of_o the_o present_a governor_n there_o be_v a_o vast_a increase_n of_o both_o these_o sort_n of_o cattle_n and_o the_o earth_n so_o well_o manure_v that_o this_o place_n at_o present_a can_v subsist_v with_o its_o own_o corn_n and_o nish_v its_o inhabitant_n with_o necessary_a provision_n without_o any_o foreign_a assistance_n and_o be_v in_o hope_n in_o a_o little_a time_n to_o have_v such_o quantity_n as_o may_v also_o supply_v other_o place_n it_o be_v great_a pity_n that_o so_o large_a and_o fertile_a a_o country_n situate_v in_o a_o very_a happy_a climate_n shall_v be_v almost_o uninhabited_a where_o million_o of_o soul_n may_v very_o convenient_o subsist_v as_o be_v in_o a_o place_n abound_v with_o all_o necessary_n of_o life_n and_o where_o they_o may_v mutual_o assist_v each_o other_o we_o stay_v there_o till_o the_o 9th_o of_o april_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 1697_o when_o we_o sail_v with_o a_o favourable_a wind_n from_o tafel-bay_n we_o according_o pass_v the_o great_a ocean_n and_o have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o finish_v our_o voyage_n very_o successful_o without_o any_o unhappy_a accident_n at_o all_o this_o be_v on_o the_o 17_o of_o august_n in_o the_o year_n 1698_o when_o we_o arrive_v in_o this_o country_n with_o the_o whole_a fleet_n and_o the_o same_o day_n every_o vessel_n come_v into_o the_o port_n they_o be_v order_v to_o with_o the_o great_a and_o rich_a return_n that_o ever_o come_v from_o the_o indies_n into_o this_o country_n for_o which_o blessing_n i_o shall_v never_o cease_v give_v praise_n and_o thanks_o to_o the_o almighty_a and_o beseech_v he_o that_o he_o will_v increase_v the_o honour_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o this_o illustrious_a and_o powerful_a company_n that_o it_o will_v please_v he_o to_o take_v it_o into_o his_o holy_a protection_n and_o increase_v its_o commerce_n more_o and_o more_o in_o all_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n finis_fw-la
altogether_o impracticable_a to_o put_v this_o project_n in_o execution_n the_o first_o thing_n they_o do_v be_v to_o set_v up_o a_o east_n india_n company_n as_o also_o other_o for_o the_o levant_n and_o northern_a trade_n in_o order_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o such_o merchandise_n of_o those_o country_n as_o they_o shall_v have_v occasion_n of_o and_o in_o return_n with_o what_o may_v be_v necessary_a for_o their_o use_n without_o have_v recourse_n to_o stranger_n to_o quit_v themselves_o entire_o of_o foreign_a assistance_n they_o begin_v to_o set_v up_o in_o france_n the_o manufactury_n of_o other_o country_n imagine_v at_o the_o same_o time_n those_o other_o country_n can_v not_o be_v without_o french_a good_n and_o provision_n and_o that_o they_o will_v take_v off_o the_o same_o quantity_n as_o usual_a and_o by_o consequence_n will_v be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v ready_a money_n when_o they_o see_v the_o french_a take_v no_o more_o of_o they_o in_o return_n be_v on_o this_o 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diligence_n to_o put_v themselves_o in_o that_o condition_n as_o never_o more_o to_o have_v occasion_n of_o the_o french_a manufacture_n and_o they_o succeed_v so_o well_o in_o this_o last_o article_n that_o they_o set_v up_o among_o themselves_o those_o very_a manufactury_n as_o the_o make_v silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n brocades_n hat_n paper_n ribbon_n and_o lace_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o french_a since_o that_o time_n have_v find_v to_o their_o no_o small_a detriment_n a_o prodigious_a decrease_v of_o their_o trade_n in_o these_o several_a article_n i_o believe_v it_o may_v very_o true_o be_v say_v that_o these_o trade-quarrel_n be_v partly_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n break_v out_o again_o between_o france_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o the_o year_n 1690._o the_o declaration_n of_o this_o war_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o most_o severe_a and_o long_a prohibition_n of_o commerce_n that_o ever_o be_v know_v and_o have_v hitherto_o continue_v and_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v will_v only_o make_v the_o dutch_a know_v they_o can_v very_o easy_o let_v the_o french_a provision_n alone_o time_n will_v make_v it_o appear_v whether_o after_o the_o peace_n the_o dutch_a will_v resort_v to_o the_o port_n of_o france_n with_o such_o number_n of_o merchants-ship_n as_o before_o and_o we_o shall_v see_v whether_o they_o will_v take_v off_o such_o vast_a quantity_n of_o provision_n and_o good_n of_o the_o french_a manufacture_n as_o in_o time_n past_a be_v much_o to_o be_v wish_v they_o will_v as_o well_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n as_o the_o good_a of_o the_o state_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o trade_n with_o spain_n notwithstanding_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o dutch_a from_o spain_n philip_n the_o second_o pretend_v he_o know_v nothing_o of_o their_o trade_n in_o his_o dominion_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o his_o ally_n and_o though_o he_o see_v very_o well_o that_o such_o trade_n must_v inevitable_o furnish_v they_o wherewith_o to_o maintain_v their_o revolt_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o worth_a his_o while_n to_o deprive_v they_o of_o it_o it_o be_v the_o general_a opinion_n that_o that_o prince_n act_v after_o that_o manner_n because_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o the_o merchandise_n of_o the_o north_n to_o equip_v his_o fleet_n and_o which_o he_o can_v have_v no_o other_o way_n but_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o dutch_a it_o be_v believe_v he_o be_v likewise_o afraid_a that_o if_o he_o shall_v shut_v they_o out_o of_o the_o spanish_a port_n they_o will_v be_v very_o powerful_a at_o sea_n open_v themselves_o a_o way_n into_o the_o new_a world_n however_o notwithstanding_o this_o connivance_n of_o that_o monarch_n the_o spaniard_n in_o time_n treat_v the_o dutch_a merchant_n that_o trade_v to_o spain_n with_o such_o cruelty_n and_o lay_v on_o they_o such_o heavy_a duty_n that_o they_o be_v foree_v to_o leave_v off_o trade_n thither_o as_o well_o as_o to_o portugal_n which_o then_o be_v
subject_n to_o philip._n the_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o trade_n after_o it_o thus_o expire_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o look_v out_o for_o those_o good_n in_o asia_n africa_n and_o america_n which_o they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o sevill_n and_o lisbon_n and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o rise_v of_o that_o republic_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n philip_n the_o three_o have_v succeed_v his_o father_n philip_z the_o second_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n 1598._o see_v plain_o that_o all_o endeavour_n that_o be_v use_v to_o bring_v the_o dutch_a to_o a_o peace_n prove_v ineffectual_a resolve_v to_o forbid_v they_o all_o manner_n of_o trade_n whatsoever_o with_o his_o subject_n hope_v that_o by_o take_v away_o that_o which_o support_v they_o to_o that_o time_n in_o their_o war_n they_o will_v have_v no_o mind_n to_o continue_v it_o when_o they_o shall_v see_v themselves_o deprive_v of_o such_o support_n it_o be_v visible_a that_o all_o the_o riches_n of_o holland_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o navigation_n and_o trade_n and_o that_o their_o great_a traffic_n be_v with_o spain_n whither_o they_o not_o only_o carry_v the_o merchandise_n of_o their_o own_o state_n but_o corn_n from_o poland_n and_o other_o northern_a country_n that_o they_o may_v in_o exchange_n carry_v home_o vast_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n philip_n the_o three_o execute_v his_o edict_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o severity_n a_o very_a exact_a search_n be_v make_v all_o over_o spain_n for_o dutch_a merchant_n and_o sailor_n some_o of_o which_o be_v condemn_v to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n and_o the_o galley_n other_o be_v cruel_o put_v to_o death_n by_o several_a kind_n of_o torture_n this_o interdiction_n of_o commerce_n be_v likewise_o pulish_v in_o the_o low_a country_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o princess_n isabel_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n their_o sovereign_n the_o state_n general_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v not_o content_v with_o bare_o prohibit_v all_o commerce_n with_o spain_n they_o likewise_o forbid_v all_o other_o nation_n bring_v into_o their_o country_n any_o provision_n or_o other_o commodity_n whatsoever_o from_o spain_n declare_v that_o all_o that_o do_v so_o shall_v be_v esteem_v spanish_a partisan_n and_o be_v treat_v as_o enemy_n a_o copy_n of_o this_o declaration_n of_o the_o states-general_n be_v send_v to_o all_o prince_n that_o they_o may_v not_o pretend_v ignorance_n france_n come_v into_o the_o dutch_a scheme_n and_o declare_v that_o if_o after_o 6_o month_n any_o of_o her_o subject_n shall_v trade_v with_o spain_n they_o will_v in_o so_o do_v expose_v themselves_o to_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o the_o crown_n will_v not_o concern_v itself_o to_o remedy_n and_o the_o other_o power_n likewise_o acquiesce_v to_o this_o bold_a declaration_n notwithstanding_o these_o severe_a prohibition_n of_o the_o spaniard_n the_o dutch_a as_o before_o trade_v to_o all_o the_o spanish_a country_n by_o mean_n of_o passport_n the_o spaniard_n themselves_o give_v they_o for_o money_n which_o they_o often_o want_v to_o carry_v on_o their_o affair_n in_o short_a the_o truce_n of_o twelve_o year_n be_v conclude_v between_o spain_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o the_o year_n 1609_o and_o by_o it_o the_o freedom_n of_o trade_n be_v reestablished_a between_o the_o two_o nation_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o trader_n of_o each_o nation_n shall_v pay_v no_o great_a duty_n than_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o ally_n of_o such_o nation_n who_o pay_v the_o low_a custom_n and_o that_o the_o dutch_a may_v be_v secure_v from_o apprehend_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o inquisition_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o liberty_n as_o be_v stipulate_v to_o the_o english_a some_o time_n before_o in_o the_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o velasco_n which_o the_o constable_n of_o castille_n have_v make_v with_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n and_o england_n the_o war_n that_o be_v revive_v in_o the_o year_n 1621._o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o that_o truce_n interrupt_v the_o trade_n of_o both_o nation_n till_o the_o year_n 1648_o when_o they_o conclude_v a_o perpetual_a peace_n at_o munster_n and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o trade_n the_o dutch_a drove_n with_o spain_n become_v much_o more_o considerable_a than_o ever_o by_o reason_n of_o those_o privilege_n that_o crown_v yield_v to_o they_o in_o that_o treaty_n those_o great_a advantage_n they_o offer_v the_o unite_a province_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a mean_n they_o make_v use_v of_o to_o draw_v the_o state_n from_o the_o french_a interest_n and_o to_o make_v a_o separate_a peace_n with_o they_o and_o which_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o save_n of_o that_o monarchy_n the_o dutch_a trade_n with_o spain_n continue_v from_o that_o time_n till_o now_o that_o be_v till_o the_o break_n out_o of_o this_o present_a war_n which_o begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1702_o on_o account_n of_o the_o partition_n treaty_n which_o be_v design_v to_o exclude_v philip_n v._o the_o present_a king_n from_o succeed_a charles_n ii_o who_o lawful_a heir_n and_o successor_n he_o be_v it_o be_v worth_a while_n to_o observe_v how_o reason_n of_o state_n have_v unite_v these_o two_o nation_n the_o most_o averse_a to_o each_o other_o in_o the_o world_n and_o who_o hatred_n especial_o that_o of_o the_o spaniard_n seem_v irreconciliable_a the_o spaniard_n favour_v the_o dutch_a in_o their_o trade_n as_o much_o as_o they_o possible_o can_v particular_o since_o the_o year_n 1667_o in_o hope_n to_o have_v ruin_v that_o of_o the_o french_a and_o they_o be_v not_o unsuccessful_a in_o that_o respect_n but_o the_o dutch_a trade_n never_o flourish_v so_o much_o in_o spain_n as_o since_o the_o war_n between_o france_n and_o holland_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1672_o to_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o present_a war_n for_o they_o not_o only_o furnish_v the_o spaniard_n with_o such_o good_n as_o they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o france_n but_o furnish_v themselves_o likewise_o from_o spain_n with_o what_o france_n use_v to_o supply_v they_o with_o before_o the_o several_a war_n of_o 1672_o and_o 1690._o the_o dutch_a trade_v very_o much_o to_o all_o those_o place_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o spain_n as_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n etc._n etc._n before_o this_o present_a war_n and_o which_o she_o have_v now_o lose_v as_o well_o as_o those_o which_o the_o french_a lose_v some_o time_n after_o that_o be_v to_o say_v during_o the_o three_o last_v campaign_n but_o their_o chief_a trade_n of_o all_o be_v that_o of_o cadiz_n and_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a be_v in_o that_o famous_a port_n of_o spain_n where_o the_o galleon_n be_v equipt_v out_o for_o peru_n and_o the_o flotilla_n for_o mexico_n and_o new_a spain_n and_o which_o return_n thither_o with_o their_o rich_a lade_n from_o those_o empire_n and_o bring_v almost_o all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n we_o see_v in_o europe_n however_o though_o the_o spaniard_n be_v the_o master_n of_o those_o country_n where_o gold_n and_o silver_n grow_v in_o such_o abundance_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o they_o have_v less_o of_o either_o than_o those_o nation_n that_o trade_n with_o they_o which_o show_v that_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n contribute_v much_o less_o to_o the_o enrich_n of_o a_o country_n than_o trade_n and_o commerce_n what_o follow_v be_v a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n the_o dutch_a use_v to_o carry_v into_o spain_n and_o bring_v thence_o before_o the_o last_o rupture_n that_o which_o they_o import_v consist_v chief_o of_o linen_n of_o all_o sort_n woollen_a stuff_n a_o great_a number_n of_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n stuff_v drug_n spice_n small_a iron_n wares_n mast_n and_o timber_n the_o linen_n bring_v into_o spain_n by_o foreigner_n ever_o be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o most_o considerable_a article_n of_o that_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a consumption_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o america_n the_o french_a furnish_v the_o spaniard_n a_o long_a time_n with_o this_o commodity_n i_o believe_v i_o shall_v not_o exceed_v the_o truth_n by_o affirm_v that_o this_o only_a article_n of_o the_o french_a commerce_n amount_v every_o year_n to_o about_o eight_o million_o of_o livre_n the_o linen_n that_o the_o dutch_a bring_v into_o spain_n be_v general_o of_o the_o fine_a sort_n that_o be_v make_v in_o overissel_n and_o about_o dovay_n and_o valenciennes_n they_o sell_v they_o in_o spain_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lawn_n and_o cambric_n they_o vend_v likewise_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o linen_n call_v perseilles_n and_o brabant_n it_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o coarse_a and_o serve_v the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n to_o wrap_v up_o good_n in_o beside_o this_o they_o sell_v a_o world_n of_o fine_a and_o coarse_a
raisin_n fig_n almond_n aniseed_n salt_n soap_n soude_z or_o kalt_n and_o abundance_n of_o excellent_a wool_n the_o foreign_a commodity_n which_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o this_o country_n be_v french_a linen_n make_v in_o bittany_n good_a quantity_n of_o woollen_a and_o silk_n stuff_v lace_n hat_n small_a ware_n of_o every_o sort_n and_o jeweller_n work_n most_o of_o which_o be_v send_v from_o cadiz_n the_o rest_n the_o dutch_a bring_v direct_o to_o the_o place_n they_o design_v they_o for_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o trade_n with_o portugal_n before_o portugal_n and_o the_o country_n that_o crown_v possess_v in_o asia_n africa_n and_o america_n come_v to_o be_v reunite_v in_o the_o year_n 1580_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o philip_n two_o the_o dutch_a trade_v very_o much_o with_o portugal_n and_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ease_n notwithstanding_o the_o difference_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o great_a severity_n of_o the_o inquisition_n their_o great_a trade_n be_v that_o of_o lisbon_n whence_o they_o export_v beside_o the_o merchandise_n of_o the_o country_n that_o of_o the_o east_n indies_n africa_n and_o brazil_n all_o which_o at_o that_o time_n go_v only_o through_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o portugueze_n but_o after_o that_o union_n the_o trade_n that_o the_o dutch_a drove_n in_o portugal_n undergo_v the_o same_o fate_n as_o in_o the_o other_o province_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n that_o be_v those_o gentleman_n be_v deprive_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o commerce_n whatsoever_o the_o portugueze_v have_v shake_v off_o the_o government_n of_o the_o castilian_n in_o the_o year_n 1640_o one_o of_o the_o first_o thing_n they_o do_v be_v to_o stop_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o dutch_a which_o they_o be_v continual_o make_v of_o the_o portugueze_v territory_n in_o the_o east_n indies_n africa_n and_o brazil_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o new_a king_n send_v forthwith_o a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o hague_n to_o represent_v to_o the_o state_n general_n that_o the_o portugueze_v as_o such_o never_o have_v any_o difference_n with_o the_o unite_a province_n he_o earnest_o wish_v there_o may_v be_v establish_v a_o good_a understanding_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n which_o will_v put_v they_o in_o a_o better_a condition_n to_o resist_v the_o spaniand_v their_o common_a enemy_n the_o state_n general_n find_v their_o account_n in_o the_o offer_v of_o the_o portugueze_n a_o truce_n for_o ten_o year_n be_v sign_v between_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1641_o and_o include_v all_o the_o country_n belong_v to_o the_o two_o nation_n as_o well_o on_o this_o as_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o line_n by_o this_o truce_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o free_a navigation_n and_o that_o each_o party_n shall_v be_v master_n of_o those_o place_n they_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o at_o the_o time_n of_o publish_v such_o truce_n which_o truce_n be_v so_o ill_o observe_v by_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o indies_n that_o the_o portugueze_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n oblige_v to_o break_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1645_o by_o a_o insurrection_n they_o make_v in_o brazil_n against_o the_o dutch_a who_o they_o entire_o drive_v out_o of_o that_o country_n this_o occasion_v a_o new_a war_n in_o brazil_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n but_o it_o do_v not_o break_v out_o in_o europe_n till_o the_o month_n of_o october_n 1646_o when_o the_o state_n general_n declare_v war_n in_o all_o its_o form_n against_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n because_o he_o will_v not_o restore_v to_o their_o west_n india_n company_n that_o which_o his_o subject_n have_v take_v from_o they_o in_o 1647_o but_o this_o affair_n be_v endeavour_v to_o be_v accommodate_v by_o the_o mediation_n of_o france_n and_o cromwell_n the_o war_n between_o the_o northern_a crown_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o this_o negotiation_n linger_v out_o till_o the_o restoration_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o resolve_v to_o marry_v the_o infanta_n of_o portugal_n procure_v a_o peace_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n by_o his_o mediation_n and_o a_o perpetual_a peace_n be_v sign_v by_o they_o according_o the_o 16_o of_o august_n 1661._o the_o privilege_n the_o portugueze_v grant_v to_o the_o dutch_a by_o this_o treaty_n in_o relation_n to_o their_o commerce_n give_v they_o a_o opportunity_n of_o trade_n very_o considerable_o in_o portugal_n particular_o after_o the_o french_a prohibit_v all_o foreign_a sugar_n and_o tobacco_n and_o the_o portugueze_v on_o their_o side_n prohibt_v all_o french_a manufacture_n be_v with_o these_o two_o article_n chief_o that_o the_o portugueze_v pay_v for_o all_o french_a good_n but_o after_o the_o french_a leave_v off_o take_v these_o from_o portugal_n the_o portugueze_n will_v deal_v no_o more_o in_o french_a merchandise_n this_o give_v the_o dutch_a a_o opportunity_n to_o furnish_v they_o with_o they_o take_v in_o payment_n sugar_n and_o tobacco_n which_o they_o know_v very_o well_o how_o to_o dispose_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o holland_n be_v chief_o at_o lisbon_n and_o oporto_n but_o the_o first_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a as_o for_o st._n ubes_n where_o they_o go_v for_o salt_n there_o be_v very_o little_a or_o no_o consumption_n the_o good_n they_o transport_v to_o portugal_n consist_v chief_o in_o great_a quantity_n of_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n wool_n and_o linen_n small_a ware_n and_o ironwork_n paper_n card_n leather_n corn_n in_o time_n of_o scarcity_n which_o be_v there_o very_o frequent_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n except_o corn_n there_o be_v a_o vast_a consumption_n in_o portugal_n and_o its_o colony_n the_o good_n they_o bring_v from_o portugal_n be_v those_o of_o the_o country_n or_o its_o colony_n the_o latter_a consist_v in_o sugar_n tobacco_n wood_n of_o brazil_n and_o fernambouc_n ox_n hide_v ginger_n pearl_n indigo_n rough_a diamond_n and_o ambergrease_n etc._n etc._n tobacco_n and_o sugar_n be_v the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o portugal_n sugar_n be_v one_o of_o their_o rich_a return_v from_o brazil_n where_o it_o wonderful_o abound_v the_o island_n of_o s._n thomas_n madera_n capo_n verde_n and_o the_o terceras_n also_o furnish_v considerable_a quantity_n but_o i_o be_o of_o the_o opinion_n not_o near_o so_o good_a unless_o it_o be_v that_o of_o madera_n they_o have_v also_o great_a quantity_n of_o brazil_n wood_n and_o other_o wood_n for_o die_v ambergrease_n which_o come_v from_o melinda_n pearl_n and_o diamond_n from_o the_o east_n indies_n this_o merchandise_n be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a article_n in_o the_o portugal_n trade_n the_o merchadize_n of_o portugal_n itself_o consist_v in_o wine_n among_o which_o i_o shall_v reckon_v those_o of_o madera_n oil_n olive_n aniseed_n excellent_a fruit_n rasin_n and_o figs._n it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o dutch_a bring_v every_o year_n from_o portugal_n ten_o or_o twelve_o ship_n lade_v with_o those_o commodity_n include_v lemon_n and_o orange_n without_o reckon_v their_o dry_a sweetmeat_n make_v of_o several_a sort_n of_o admirable_a fruit_n in_o portugal_n and_o brazil_n it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o send_v every_o year_n direct_o into_o portugal_n above_o twenty_o sail_n of_o ship_n beside_o other_o ship_n that_o trade_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o come_v thence_o to_o s._n ube_v for_o their_o lade_n of_o salt_n of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o great_a consumption_n in_o the_o north_n where_o it_o have_v be_v very_o much_o in_o use_n for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o commerce_n of_o holland_n with_o portugal_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o a_o fleet_n of_o fifty_o ship_n that_o be_v every_o year_n constant_o employ_v for_o that_o end_n from_o fifteen_o to_o thirty_o gun_n with_o which_o they_o do_v good_a service_n against_o the_o corsair_n and_o pirate_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o mediterranean_a or_o streights_n trade_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v heretofore_o the_o most_o considerable_a in_o the_o world_n when_o that_o of_o the_o indies_n only_o pass_v through_o alexandria_n and_o some_o other_o port_n of_o syria_n this_o commerce_n be_v chief_o carry_v on_o by_o the_o french_a italian_n and_o catalans_n but_o the_o venetian_n be_v the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o the_o portugueze_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o asia_n turn_v the_o current_n and_o the_o italian_n and_o the_o french_a enjoy_v only_o the_o commerce_n with_o the_o province_n and_o country_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a which_o however_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o this_o they_o keep_v to_o themselves_o till_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a begin_v to_o traffic_n with_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n the_o former_a in_o the_o year_n 1599_o and_o the_o latter_a in_o 1612._o since_o that_o time_n those_o two_o nation_n have_v make_v themselves_o so_o much_o master_n of_o that_o trade_n that_o the_o italian_n and_o french_a have_v very_o little_a to_o do_v
java_n it_o be_v fortify_v by_o a_o citadel_n compass_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o eighteen_o bastion_n which_o be_v so_o strong_o build_v that_o this_o town_n afterward_o hold_v out_o three_o sieges_n against_o the_o king_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o java_n as_o soon_o as_o batavia_n be_v finish_v the_o general_n company_n make_v it_o the_o capital_a of_o all_o their_o territory_n in_o asia_n and_o the_o centre_n of_o all_o commerce_n in_o those_o part_n the_o dutch_a general_n make_v it_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n live_v in_o the_o citadel_n with_o his_o court_n and_o council_n since_o the_o company_n trade_n so_o wonderful_o increase_v and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o asia_n the_o dutch_a make_v new_a conquest_n and_o the_o king_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o asia_n strike_v with_o the_o success_n and_o grandeur_n of_o the_o company_n soon_o come_v and_o covet_v their_o alliance_n in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o erect_v several_a public_a and_o private_a building_n at_o batavia_n of_o extraordinary_a beauty_n and_o magnificence_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v now_o and_o have_v a_o long_a time_n since_o be_v the_o wonder_n of_o asia_n both_o for_o its_o beauty_n and_o commerce_n for_o there_o be_v never_o a_o day_n but_o you_o may_v see_v vessel_n enter_v the_o port_n from_o bengal_n siam_n malacca_n the_o molucca_n and_o philipine_n island_n china_n and_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o indies_n not_o include_v those_o that_o come_v from_o europe_n the_o truce_n end_v in_o 1621._o the_o two_o party_n viz._n the_o portugueze_n and_o dutch_n prepare_v themselves_o for_o war_n both_o in_o the_o old_a and_o new_a world_n of_o all_o the_o advantage_n the_o dutch_a get_v in_o the_o indies_n over_o the_o portugueze_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1640_o be_v the_o great_a for_o in_o that_o very_a year_n the_o company_n in_o short_a make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o town_n of_o malacca_n and_o by_o that_o conquest_n become_v master_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a straight_o in_o all_o asia_n in_o effect_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o important_a place_n the_o portugueze_n have_v in_o the_o indies_n its_o situation_n be_v wonderful_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o china_n and_o the_o molucca_n island_n and_o they_o always_o keep_v there_o a_o strong_a garrison_n and_o a_o good_a fleet_n which_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o all_o the_o neighbour_a island_n on_z thr_fw-mi one_a of_o december_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 1640_o the_o portugueze_n shake_v off_o the_o castillian_a yoke_n and_o make_v the_o duke_n of_o braganza_n their_o king_n who_o be_v acknowledge_v as_o such_o not_o only_o by_o all_o portugal_n but_o by_o all_o the_o state_n that_o crown_v possess_v in_o asia_n africa_n and_o america_n as_o the_o portugueze_n be_v not_o at_o war_n with_o the_o dutch_a but_o as_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o cease_v to_o be_v so_o they_o desire_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o dutch_a with_o who_o in_o the_o year_n 1641._o they_o conclude_v a_o truce_n for_o ten_o year_n for_o all_o place_n belong_v to_o each_o nation_n both_o on_o this_o and_o the_o other_o side_n the_o line_n there_o be_v to_o be_v a_o free_a navigation_n for_o both_o party_n every_o where_o and_o each_o be_v to_o remain_v in_o possession_n of_o those_o place_n they_o hold_v in_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n at_o the_o time_n of_o publish_v the_o truce_n this_o treaty_n be_v not_o capable_a to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o dutch_a conquest_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o truce_n they_o have_v sign_v they_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o town_n of_o gallo_n and_o columbo_n two_o of_o the_o principal_a place_n the_o dutch_a or_o rather_o the_o portugueze_n have_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n and_o this_o put_v into_o their_o hand_n the_o whole_a cinnamon_n trade_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o strait_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n and_o cape_n comorin_n so_o that_o by_o these_o mean_v they_o govern_v the_o two_o most_o powerful_a passage_n of_o asia_n the_o portugueze_v be_v not_o able_a to_o have_v any_o justice_n do_v they_o for_o the_o infraction_n of_o the_o truce_n thus_o make_v by_o the_o dutch_a resolve_v to_o do_v themselves_o justice_n and_o accordin_o make_v a_o insurrection_n and_o general_a revolt_n in_o brazil_n which_o cost_v the_o dutch_a the_o loss_n of_o all_o they_o possess_v in_o that_o place_n and_o almost_o ruin_v their_o west-india_n company_n the_o war_n also_o break_v out_o in_o good_a earnest_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n in_o the_o east_n and_o last_v 16_o year_n in_o which_o time_n the_o dutch_a take_v from_o the_o portugueze_v almost_o all_o the_o trade_n they_o have_v leave_v in_o the_o east-indies_n the_o take_n of_o several_a castle_n and_o strong_a place_n by_o the_o dutch_a in_o 1661._o belong_v to_o the_o portugueze_v from_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o indian_a sea_n as_o far_o as_o suratte_n strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o that_o vast_a country_n that_o the_o city_n of_o goa_n be_v afraid_a they_o must_v have_v fall_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o dutch_a company_n they_o get_v beside_o a_o battle_n near_o dabul_n the_o consequence_n of_o which_o be_v very_o fatal_a to_o the_o portugueze_v for_o several_a little_a king_n on_o this_o side_n the_o ganges_n follow_v always_o the_o strong_a side_n leave_v the_o portugueze_v to_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o dutch_a who_o by_o reduce_v the_o town_n and_o island_n of_o medea_n which_o be_v oblige_v to_o be_v abandon_v to_o they_o see_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o strait_n of_o chilas_n the_o expense_n and_o trouble_v the_o company_n be_v at_o during_o this_o war_n do_v not_o hinder_v they_o from_o take_v all_o method_n to_o advance_v their_o commerce_n in_o the_o year_n 1653_o they_o make_v a_o new_a establishment_n at_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o their_o ship_n that_o shall_v make_v the_o voyage_n of_o india_n there_o be_v at_o present_a a_o great_a town_n and_o a_o fort_n with_o 6_o bastion_n that_o command_v all_o the_o road._n the_o air_n be_v very_o good_a plenty_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o game_n and_o the_o soil_n produce_v good_a corn_n and_o wine_n so_o that_o that_o this_o port_n be_v of_o the_o great_a benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o their_o fleet_n which_o here_o take_v in_o fresh_a provision_n notwithstanding_o the_o ill_a success_n that_o the_o dutch_a company_n meet_v with_o in_o the_o several_a attempt_v they_o make_v to_o settle_v their_o commerce_n with_o china_n they_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o year_n 1655_o to_o make_v a_o great_a than_o ever_o by_o send_v thither_o a_o splendid_a embassy_n with_o rich_a present_n for_o the_o emperor_n of_o tartary_n who_o be_v then_o master_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n it_o be_v believe_v they_o will_v have_v carry_v their_o point_n notwithstanding_o the_o stratagem_n of_o the_o jesuit_n and_o portugueze_n who_o both_o pay_v dear_a enough_o afterward_o for_o the_o ill_a service_n they_o do_v the_o dutch_a on_o that_o occasion_n this_o same_o company_n suffer_v yet_o a_o more_o troublesome_a mortification_n in_o the_o year_n 1661._o where_o they_o be_v drive_v by_o force_n out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o formosa_fw-la which_o lie_v between_o china_n and_o japan_n this_o loss_n be_v very_o considerable_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o great_a trade_n they_o drive_v with_o both_o these_o empire_n in_o the_o same_o year_n 1661._o the_o portugueze_n and_o dutch_n be_v both_o weary_a by_o a_o war_n so_o pernicious_a to_o they_o both_o sign_v a_o peace_n at_o the_o hague_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o this_o treaty_n the_o dutch_a quit_v brazil_n entire_o to_o the_o portugueze_v for_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o some_o advantage_n in_o respect_n of_o trade_n the_o jealousy_n afterward_o between_o the_o viceroy_n of_o goa_n and_o the_o general_n of_o batavia_n grow_v so_o great_a that_o this_o peace_n be_v not_o at_o all_o observe_v in_o the_o east_n indies_n in_o the_o year_n 1663._o the_o dutch_a take_v from_o they_o the_o best_a place_n they_o have_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n viz._n coulan_n cananor_n cochin_n and_o grandanor_n thus_o in_o less_o than_o the_o space_n of_o one_o year_n almost_o 150_o league_n of_o the_o country_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n exchange_v their_o governor_n and_o from_o the_o portugueze_n come_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o company_n which_o much_o augment_v their_o commerce_n in_o the_o province_n of_o guzaratte_n indoston_n and_o bengal_n the_o portugueze_n be_v not_o the_o only_a people_n the_o company_n fall_v out_o with_o they_o have_v several_a war_n with_o the_o indian_a king_n but_o that_o
family_n which_o be_v a_o very_a considerable_a expense_n he_o have_v a_o key_n to_o every_o magazine_n and_o can_v take_v out_o what_o he_o will_v without_o give_v a_o account_n to_o any_o one_o it_o may_v be_v say_v his_o authority_n in_o some_o sort_n will_v equal_v that_o of_o the_o late_a prince_n of_o orange_n be_v it_o not_o in_o the_o be_v power_n to_o revoke_v it_o when_o they_o please_v for_o in_o effect_n he_o be_v stadtholder_n captain_n general_n and_o high_a admiral_n of_o the_o indies_n his_o court_n be_v more_o pompous_a his_o train_n more_o magnificent_a than_o be_v that_o of_o those_o prince_n and_o surpass_v even_o some_o king_n in_o europe_n when_o he_o go_v out_o 50_o horse_n guard_n go_v before_o his_o coach_n which_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o fine_a company_n of_o foot_n 12_o page_n walk_v of_o each_o side_n of_o his_o coach_n and_o all_o very_o rich_o and_o magnificent_o dress_v when_o he_o give_v audience_n to_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o indian_a king_n be_v with_o extraordinary_a pomp_n and_o splendour_n all_o which_o serve_v very_o much_o to_o gain_v admiration_n and_o respect_n from_o the_o people_n of_o asia_n who_o be_v mighty_o take_v with_o outward_a show_n and_o finery_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v few_o king_n in_o europe_n who_o make_v so_o splendid_a a_o figure_n and_o appearance_n as_o his_o governor_n general_n especial_o if_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o good_a sense_n for_o than_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o govern_v the_o council_n as_o he_o please_v the_o world_n have_v see_v a_o example_n of_o this_o in_o the_o person_n of_o monsieur_n speelman_n who_o do_v every_o thing_n after_o his_o own_o way_n make_v war_n and_o peace_n when_o he_o please_v and_o the_o be_v general_a that_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o he_o approve_v of_o every_o thing_n he_o do_v the_o director_n general_n who_o be_v the_o second_o person_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n in_o the_o indies_n have_v every_o thing_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o be_v answerable_a according_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o extraordinary_a counselor_n be_v not_o reckon_v in_o any_o debate_n when_o the_o general_n and_o the_o six_o ordinary_a counselor_n of_o state_n be_v present_a when_o a_o counsellor_n die_v or_o any_o other_o member_n of_o the_o assembly_n be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o counselor_n to_o appoint_v his_o successor_n who_o must_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o general_a company_n if_o i_o be_o not_o much_o mistake_v monsieur_n champtiffe_o who_o succeed_v mounseur_fw-fr speelman_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o council_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o company_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v two_o principal_a merchant_n who_o charge_n be_v to_o see_v the_o ship_n lade_v and_o unlade_v these_o be_v very_o considerable_a post_n and_o be_v esteem_v the_o best_a next_o be_v of_o the_o council_n there_o be_v six_o governor_n of_o province_n viz._n the_o governor_n of_o coromandel_n the_o governor_n of_o amboina_fw-la the_o governor_n of_o banda_n the_o governor_n of_o ternate_a the_o governor_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o ceylan_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o malacca_n i_o have_v be_v assure_v that_o those_o six_o governor_n be_v all_o absolute_a in_o their_o respective_a province_n and_o that_o they_o can_v be_v displace_v by_o the_o council_n of_o batavia_n the_o particular_a governor_n of_o all_o the_o place_n from_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n be_v call_v commander_n i_o do_v know_v if_o the_o council_n of_o batavia_n have_v the_o nomination_n of_o they_o or_o the_o assembly_n of_o seventeen_o however_o i_o be_o certain_a that_o the_o assembly_n nominate_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n the_o general_n and_o his_o council_n choose_v all_o the_o commissioner_n merchant_n and_o subaltern_n officer_n however_o if_o any_o one_o be_v recommend_v by_o the_o sharer_n they_o take_v care_n to_o provide_v for_o he_o very_o well_o beside_o the_o council_n of_o state_n at_o batavia_n there_o be_v a_o council_n of_o 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a_o place_n very_o considerable_a for_o traffic_n the_o african_n who_o agree_v better_o with_o these_o new_a trader_n than_o with_o the_o portugueze_n flock_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n the_o dutch_a trade_n at_o length_n increase_v so_o considerable_o all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o guinea_n that_o before_o the_o truce_n of_o the_o year_n 1609_o it_o employ_v above_o 20_o large_a vessel_n beside_o above_o 100_o of_o small_a burden_n that_o be_v constant_o employ_v in_o the_o trade_n of_o cape_n verde_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n the_o portugueze_v not_o be_v able_a to_o suffer_v that_o any_o one_o shall_v partake_v of_o this_o trade_n beside_o themselves_o forget_v nothing_o that_o may_v exclude_v the_o dutch_a even_o to_o put_v a_o price_n upon_o their_o head_n they_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o these_o persecution_n of_o the_o portugueze_n in_o the_o year_n 1612_o build_v with_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sabon_n a_o fort_n near_o 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