consulted liked it not and therefore made answer It was not his pleasure in propounding the Councel to his Subjects any thing should be excepted lest Rome a Citie apt to prejudicate should from thence have matter of censure and other Christian Princes that looked upon Spain occasion of imitation For that which is said in the Councel touching Sovereignty and Subjection was sufficiently considered when the publishing thereof was disputed in Spain where all those difficulties were discussed And as at that time no exception was taken but the Councel absolutely proposed onely with a little moderation to be used in the practice so it should be in the Law-countreys whither he had sent a copie of the Spanish Proclamation that his Subjects throughout all his Dominions might obey him by one rule The Governess according to his royall Mandate beginning to be active and indeavouring to put an end to what she had in the Netherlands begun how sad a commotion followed in the end of the next year when the people to the ruine of many broke out into Rebellion I shall in its due place commemorate In the mean time the Governess seeing the difficulties of the Exchecquer and Religion to increase and that she could get nothing of his Majestie by Letters resolved to send some great man her Embassadour to the King and looking upon Count Egmont as one that besides the Nobilitie of his birth and his experience in the affairs of the Low-countreys she did believe would have all things granted to his great and acknowledged merit her Excellence designed and in the beginning of the year one thousand five hundred sixty five with the advice of the Senate sent him into Spain And Count Egmont willingly undertook the imployment because as he said to the Governess and she informed the King by the opportunity of this publick Embassage he should dispatch hi own private businesse with his Majestie Having therefore received large instructions with the consent and hopefull exspectation of all many of the Nobilitie for honours sake bringing him on the way he set forward the same day that Francis Hallevine Lord of Zeveghem returned from Germany whither he was sent by the Governess in the name of King Philip to the Emperour Maximilian his Empresse and the Princes of Germany to condole the death of his father that religious Prince the Emperour Ferdinand which the Emperour Mazimilian took extreme kindly and made great promises of service to his uncle At this time the Prince of Orange had by Princesse Anne of Saxony another sonne called by the name of the Prince Electour her father Maurice This is the Prince Maurice whom we must often mention not without the commendations of a valiant and cautelous Generall who being chosen by the States Confederate in the place of his father lately killed after he had for two years commanded the Hollanders as a Prince though by another name which is commonly the end of long Governments dyed of grief conceived at the siege of Breda when he saw it must inevitably be taken The Governess wrote to the King that the child had all the Orthodox rites of Baptisme but that which most troubled her was on his Christening day they delivered him in tutelage to the Prince Electour Augustus Duke of Saxony and Philip Landgrave of Hessen both Lutheran Princes in whose names two Lords infected with the same heresie were his Godfathers For even in this likewise the Prince of Orange who alwayes acted two parts had something Catholick and something Hereticall to please both sides still attending their severall fortunes as a neuter In the letters the Dutchesse informed the King what jealousies and reports were raised by the message which she had communicated to the Senate touching the meeting that was to be upon the borders of Aquitaine between Katharine of Mediâ—es Queen-mother of France governing that nation joyntly with the King and her daughter Isabella Queen of Spain For King Philip by his letters had commanded his sister to assure the Low-countrey Lords that nothing more was intended by that interview then the satisfaction of King Charles and his mother being in their progresse come so near the confines of Spain To the same purpose he either wrote or sent Embassadours to most of the Princes of Europe not so much as any Lord of Italy or Spain or any one Minister of State but was by instructions from King Philip acquainted with the occasion of that conference Yet all this took not away the Low-countreymens fears and jealousies but rather increased them many especially Hereticks being apt to believe that the Queen mother did not this out of love to her daughter but to lay the foundation of some great design against the hereticall factions and the disturbances of both Kingdoms which they suspected the rather because it was rumoured King Philip would be there in person And indeed when Queen Isabella moved him to add to their contentment his presence I find by his letters to the Governess that he was pretty well inclined to the iourney though she diswaded him and said it was below the Majesty of so great a Prince to trust himself to the power of the French at that time when partly the French Kings minority partly the condition of a Quen-regent made the subjects so contumacious towards their Governours Yet his Majesty replyed that if he were sure his presence were necessary for the good of Religion he was resolved for Gods cause to decline no trouble or danger whatsoever Yet consenting to the going of his Queen and commanding Ferdinand Count of Toledo and Duke of Alva to wait upon her and present in his name to the King of France the Order of the Golden-fleece he himself went not either diverted by many cares having then as he wrote to the Governess received intelligence that the Turk besieged Malta or else to give his resolutions with greater authority at a distance which I suppose was the cause why he left it not in his wife's power to determine any thing before she had by her letters advised with him But at this enterview so highly celebrated in the writings of all Scholars even of the Poets themselves when in so great state and glory King Charles and the two Queens met at Baion the French sleighting the Spanish pride with greater pride all that was concluded the more secretly it passed onely in presence of the Duke of Alva with the more confidence do some writers as if they had a blank before them fill up the space with wit and deduce from hence strange secrets of State Omitting such divination out of the letters which I have written in King Philips own hand to his sister about that conference this I know The Queen of Spain for divers weighty reasons no doubt by the command of King Philip had desired her Brother and Mother whom it
to Religion and by consequence to Peace Provided notwithstanding that the law should not be executed till their triall and verdict were passed in the Ecclesiasticall Court to which the proper cognizance of heresie belongs Which though it was ever exercised in all orthodox Countreys and in some places according to sudden motions of new perverse opinions with greater diligence yet no where with more exactness and strictness then in Spain either out of the especiall inclination of those Catholick Princes or by reason of contagious forreiners that mingled themselves among those their subjects But this care of Religion was afterwards encreased almost through all Christendome by reason of the troubles raised by one man in many parts I mean Martin Luther the calamity of those and the following times This mischief that he had long studied to bring upon true believers he had oft begun to attempt and then changing his mind as if not resolved or rather waiting for an opportunity at last Maximilian the Emperour deceasing and Charles his Nephew succeeding in the Empire his wickedness broke forth well knowing that the beginning of a Princes reign is the best time for Innovation and likewise believing the Emperours young years to be ignorant of government and therefore despicable Howsoever he made sure account his Imperiall Majestie would rather bend his endeavours to settle the affairs of his Empire then to maintain the rites of the Church so courting the Provinces first to revolt from the Church and then which is the next step from their Princes and from the Emperour himself he thus broke in peices at once the Romane Empire and Religion Which gave occasion to the Bishop of Rome to be much more observant and intent to questions of faith and to Christian Princes as every one tendered his Religion and Dominions to be more vigilant therein Indeed Châ—â—les the fifth whom Religion in her afflictions looked upon as her onely refuge by the example of the Emperours his Predecessours thought it expedient to establish laws through all the Provinces of the Empire and Low-Countreys against the corrupters of the Catholick faith Therefore whilest he was conducted from Spain through the Netherlands and Germany to the Imperiall throne with extraordinary joy and gratulations of men and with all that noise of his then smiling fortune in the town of Worms at the Diet or Parliament of the Empire Martin Luther condemned by the Bishop of Rome was by vote of the Electors and the rest of the Princes and Estates of the Empire condemned and proscribed and the edict of his proscription the same year one thousand five hundred twenty one was published through all the dominions of his Empire and Patrimony Nevertheless Luther still persisted in his evil nay as wickedness prospers by sudden attempts within a few moneths that contagion infected at least breathed upon the most flourishing Cities of Germany The Emperour in some places punishing delinquents and renuing and enlarging his edict which he applyed seven times to that violent and volatile disease Moreover when he had desired and received Censors of faith from the Pope in reference to their authority and security he passed many Decrees which are inrolled in the Imperiall laws of the year one thousand five hundred and fifty But this new fate of Justice brought with it into the Low-Countreys more terrour then observance for though it were in some places received yet the Brabanters because they said their liberty was infringed taking the opportunity freed themselves of the burthen laid upon them about the end of the year fifty at which time partly the great meeting of Ausburg and the Councel of Trem partly war upon war rising in Africa Hungary Italy Germany and France drew Cesars cares another way And although King Philip when he took possession of the Low-Countreys instantly confirmed his Fathers laws and edicts by his own proclamation it little advanced the business he being forthwith engaged in a sharp warre with France which began the year he set forth that Proclamation and held three years after till in the year fifty nine as soon as ever he got a breathing from the war he re-applied himself to settle Religion And leaving the Netherlands he commanded his sister the Governess and Bishop Granvell to take speciall care that his Fathers laws and the cautions which he himself had confirmed in behalf of the Popes Inquisitors should be punctually observed This was the state of affairs these were the Edicts of Charles the fifth these the beginnings and proceedings of the Inquisitions against heresies When the Dutchess of Parma as she was enjoyned bending all her care that way treated about it with Governours of the Pronvinces but found by experience it was of much more difficulty to do things commanded then to command things fitting to be done The Magistrates seemed unwilling to take the business upon themselves some of the Nobility offered their services doubtfully others absolutely told her it was no good time to move that stone again at which they had so often stumbled The Brabanters that had slipt the bridle under Charles the fifth and would not suffer King Philip when he was there to put it on again should they now halter themselves called by a womans voice The people know no mean or moderate course at first they are in amazement then all confidence Sometimes they fear sometimes they terrifie according as they are inflamed with the breath of great persons and the bellows of hereticks Nay the common discourse concerning the King hinted to the people and uttered as their own was this Why he made so many new Bishops if they were not to protect Religion But indeed it was resolved by Councels that such Pastors as went slowly to work in purging the ill fruits of heresie should be put out of their Episcopall office Bishops should therefore look to their own business or else lay down their ill placed miters which it were better they had never put on nor vainly frighted the Low-countrey with their number That Religion had flourished many ages in the Netherlands onely by the care of the Civil Magistrate without that pomp of the Popes tyranny without any of the Emperours Edicts Why that new addition of Inquisitors That for the most part it sprung from the ambition of Bishop Granvell who that he might have suppliants sought to make delinquents That Religion ought to be perswaded not commanded That Charles the fifth had a most pions intention in making those Laws but experience demonstrated the cause of Religion and the common good and state of the Provinces was thereby nothing advanced but daily grew to be in a worse condition That commerce was already obstructed Merchants had a stop of trading to the great losse of the Low-countreymen especially those of Antwerp whose wealth consisted in merchandize Lastly that neither the Emperour Charles nor King Philip nor any other Prince that
worse But from Rome the Popes letters for the endowment of the Bishops without which nothing could be done were not dispatched away by Francisco Varga the Spanish Embassadour not so much out of the humour of demurring which is naturall to the Spaniards as out of the Popes indignation incensed by the practice of some near about his person who had taken offence at Varga's carriage in the Court of Rome and therefore the Embassadour was put off The truth is he had insinuated himself into the secret 〈◊〉 of the Cardinalls which many of them stomack'd very much and by his endeavours Cardinal Pacecho by divers votes of the Conclave had like to have been chosen Pope a dignity proportionable to his merits his Chair being once lifted up by the Cardinals his friends as the custome is at the Election of a Pope This was perhaps remembred by some of the Popes Court that were not yet reconciled to the Embassadour by whose means their master had almost lost the Papacy But from what cause soever these delayes proceeded the Abbots thereby had time given them whom it concerned to avoid their Reversioners the Bishops to meet at divers consultations about it and to desire assistance from the Estates of Brabant and some Lords which their own private interests engaged and to try all remedies that either counsel or fear could find out or opportunity present And the Estates because they could not prevail with the Governess resolved to send two Agents out of the Low-countreys the one privately to Pius the fourth about the end of the old year the other publickly in the beginning of the new year to the King himself To Rome they sent Moulin a Civil Lawyer of good account to supplicate his Holiness that the goods of the Monasteries might not be given away to Bishops contrary to the Doners minds and that the Monks might not be deprived of their ancient priviledges to choose Abbots lastly that he would not permit the King to ordain any Bishop that should not be maintained out of his Majesties Exchecquer With these instructions private letters to the same effect were written to the Pope and other eminent persons by the Prince of Orange and the Marquess of Bergen whose Tutour Moulin was and by his favour which he still enjoyed continually employed in weighty affairs Besides they furnished him with great summes of money that his way at Rome might be the smoother and they allowed that he might with some bounty purchase patronage to the cause To conclude besides his expenses they gave him to his own use 1200 Florents and as much to the other joyned with him for the honour of the Embaâ—age and if they got their business dispatched they were promised great matters at their return But the Governess from whom nothing of all this was concealed to prevent the Brabanters writ to the Spanish Embassadour Varga to pre-ingage the Pope to have an eye upon Moulin and to use his best judgement to frustrate that mans endeavours that opposed the good of Religion and the pious intentions of the King She likewise wrote to his Majesty letting him know that within few dayes some men would come to petition him in the name of the Brabanters and in January came Tserclasse and Nyssus twice the King gave them Audience and in March following returned them to the Low-countreys with a doubtfull answer Nor had Moulin any better fortune at Rome The Agents for Antwerp Godfrey Streck Pretour of the Town Vrselt and Wessembeck set forth in May to petition the King that Antwerp might not be compelled to receive a Bishop but they prevailed not in their suit Yet still they in the Low-countreys practised against the Bishops For the Abbots wearied the Dutchess with complaints and some of the Lords especially Granvels enemies encouraged the discontented party The States of Brabant stood as for their Lives and Religion against the breaking of their Priviledges The common people would have no Inquisition no Bishops And Philip Momorancy Count Horn who some moneths since was returned from Spain and by the King commanded to write back certified his Majestie That the complaints of Brabant were grown more violent then ever upon a rumour spread among the people as it was supposed by the French and Germanâ— that without the consent of those two Nations out of whose Provinces some Low-countrey Diaceses had been enlarged new Bishops could not be created in the Netherlands and therefore the Low-countrey men would do all they could to hinder their institution for fear the French and Germans should come upon them at once and make sudden invasions by severall wayes To this purpose he wrote likewise to Erasso one the King trusted with his secrets a civil Gentleman and powerfull at Court But in the close of his letter he laid all the fault upon Granvel who ambitiously and weakly designed that which could never come to good effect Indeed Granvel was an eye-sore to many and a â—emora to their projects and if I may freely speak my opinion I believe there had been little or no stirring or trouble about matters of Religion if the Nobility had not drawn another way But some of the Lords as I have told you took it ill that the Bishops were increased that is they conceived it prejudiciall to their own authority and freedome especially when they met in the great Councel The Hereticks had engaged the rest many upon private discontents were alienated from the King But the most were incensed against Granvell concluding him to be the authour of increasing the Bishops because they saw him declare himself for their coming in Out of the hatred hereupon conceived the Lords either absented themselves from Councel or came thither to oppose the Cardinall These quarrels the Governess discovered at her first coming to the Government particularly in Count Egmont and the Prince of Orange each of them having hoped to be Governour of the Low-countreys and therefore so much the more sensible of their late repulse But the Prince of Orange carried it more closely Count Egmont a blunt souldier open-breasted in his love and hatred was so farre from dissembling that in his own house he suffered his friends to speak things derogatory to the Majestie of the King of which the Governess was informed and gave the King intelligence by her letters wherein she named Simon Regnard as an encourager of these unlawfull assemblies a Counsellour of great subtilty and volubility of tongue nor of lesse authority with many of the Lords especially with Egmont There had been an old emulation from their very childhoods between this Regnard and Granvell in the Schools where they studied because the one had the more excellent wit the other the more plausible And as the quarrels of wit use to be irreconciliable among children these being now grown men and the subject of their business changed the
they call the States till it should be otherwise ordered by the King who for some time doubted whether he should allow that form of Goverment or no. For Gregory the thirteenth who had mutually agreed with King Philip to assist the Queen of Scots then a Prisoner being to nominate a Generall for that expedition for it was undertaken in the Popes not the Kings name lest it might distast the Rivalls of the Spanish Greatnesse his Holinesse made choice of Don Iohn of Austria famous for Sea victories And therefore advised the King by Ormanetti who was trusted in the transaction of that businesse to send his Brother into the Low-countreys wanting at that time a Governour who would be in great esteem with the Low countrey men that honoured the memory of his Father Charles the fifth and might from thence passe with a Fleet into England where he if any man might exspect success He likewise articled with King Philip that the Queen of Scots if it pleased God they freed her from captivity should be married to Don Iohn with the Kingdome of England for her dowry which would be a fair title to the Island for the House of Austria to ground a Warre upon The King disliked it not though he more approved of the Expedition then of the Generall but instantly resolved and promised the Nuncio to send his brother into the Low-countreys But his Majestie thought it not amisse to protract his Brothers going for a while that he might see how the Low-countreymen would govern the Low-countreys moved hereunto by Ioachim Opper a Low-countrey man his Secretary for the Netherlands who delivered his opinion that the Low-countrey Lords would no doubt be infinitely carefull of the Common-wealth and would now themselves apply to the evill that remedie for which they had so often solicited the King Who by confiding in them would for ever oblige the hearts of the Low-countrey men Especially in that his Majestie well knew the Principall Senatours Duke Areschot the Counts Mansfeldt and Barlamont and the President of the Senate himself Viglius Zuichom were men of most undoubted Religion and Loyaltie But to govern by a Committee that I may not accuse the Kings prudence from the event was then unseasonable For in the most troubled State the most present remedy is for one man to rule Truly this indulgence of the Prince did more hurt to the Low-countreys then all his severity as appeared by the immediate ruine of the Provinces For the people freed from a Spanish Governour would not acknowledge a new one in the Senate or rather greatly feared not a power divided and diminished among many And the Lords despised the government of their Peers and easily deluded their discordant Votes and Orders Some enemies to the Spaniard desirous of revenge fomented this difference of the Lords especially the Burgesses for Brabant and Haynolt whom Requesenes had larely called to Bruxells For these as they were chosen under-hand by means of the Prince of Orange in regard of the Authority wherewith those Provinces intrusted them hugely distracted the Senate And though both parties pretended the Kings name and cause yet their Designes and Counsels were so different that some of them were vulgarly called Spaniards others Patriots or Protectours of their Countrey And as the word Countrey infinitely takes the People with a counterfeit and deceiving image of Libertie it was not to be doubted but in case of a Warre the major part of the Low-countrey-men would adhere unto this party Nor was occasion long wanting to mature the mischief For when they had taken Ziriczee after Requesenes his death the Germans and Spaniards clamouring for their pay for that Island had afforded very little money it was resolved on by the Senate for easing the Low-countreys of the burden of forrein Souldiers to pay and cashiere the regiment of Hannibal Count de Altempse because there having lately been a breach between him and the Governour of Antwerp Frederick Perenot Lord of Campin about the Garrison it was feared lest publick mischief might ensue In the mean time the Spaniards that took Ziriczee under Colonell Mondragonio when they saw themselves passed by and the many moneths pay which was promised them issued out to others interpreting not falsely as some said that it was done out of malice to their Nation and they thereby necessitated to an Insurrection First as if he looked not into their business they threatned Mondragonio then hearing of the complaints made in the Senate of Bruxels by Count Altempse who publickly affirmed that he was casheired not for any danger to the Town of Antwerp nor with relation to his fouldiers importunity for pay which he himself a fortnight longer was able to have satisfied but only by the subtilty spleen of the Lord Campin that excluded souldiers faithfull to the King and so weakning the Spanish partie intended to betray the citie to the Prince of Orange Whereupon the Spaniards troubled at the publick danger and the more exasperated by their private injury in regard they demanded but what was due to their extraordinary labours and unprendented courage in wading through the sea seized upon their Captains and chose themselves a Generall in Mondragonio's place Whereto they were animated by the example of the horse and recruited by the accession of Valdez his Regiment They sent letters therefore to the Senate at Bruxels threatningly petitioning for their money Nor did the Senate deny it the major part being Royallists But the Burgesfes of Hoynolt and Brabant long since bought as I said with the Prince of Oranges money interceded in the name of their Provinces pretending publick necessitie And whilst the Senate partly affrighted with their protestations partly intangled in crosse votes deferred their payment the Spaniards thinking their menaces contemned took up their Colours in furie crying Away for Brabant And having left Ziricze guarded with a few Wallons quitting Schelt and Duveland Islands they had conquered with so much glory to their Nation they ran up and down Brabant threatning but not resolved upon any determinate design the Cities generally trembling and in amazement exspecting where that storm would fall But having first rejected the conditions which Count Mansfeldt meeting them near Asc brought from the Senate then sending away Iuliano Romero who for the same cause came from the Spaniards without so much as hearing him speak afterward shaking their swords and presenting their muskets against Francisco Montesdocha they commanded him to come no nearer and lastly on a sudden possessed themselves of Aelst a town in Flanders not farre from Bruxels hanging the King Officer that opposed them before the Gates openly professing they meant to keep Aelst as a pledge till their Arrears were paid When this news came to Bruxels with addition but false that they had plundered the Town and put the People to the sword the minds
by the thunder of the Cannon then by this slow and silent weapon of the Pioner whence souldiers have a Proverb that 't is the spade and pickax which build and destroy Forts Therefore after he had drawn a line about the town and brought his trenches near the ditch Don Iohn commanded the Pioners working under long and thick boards in the form of a Tortois covered with raw hides to secure them from Granadoes anciently called Vineyards and Galleries to enter the ditch and with their Pickaxes and Spades to undermine the foundation of the wall Which whilst they guarded by the souldiers strongly endeavoured the defendants sallying out and at the same time others from the walls pouring down stones and wild-fire they had divers bloudy encounters with great losse on both sides Don Iohn in the mean time omitting no duty either of a Generall or Gentleman so as at the works he both called upon and contended with the common souldier At last the hearts of the besieged no lesse shaken then their walls partly being divided among themselves so that first they imprisoned Florineus Governour of the Town for favouring the Royalists and afterwards released him partly upon news of the defeat of those forces which to relieve the Town the Prince of Orange sent for out of France they began a Treatie demanding indemnitie for the Citie and that so many of their souldiers as would serve the King might have three moneths pay then due to them from the States the rest to be suffered to depart with drums beating Colours flying and the wonted pomp of souldiers that carry out the funerall of a citie Their demands being granted almost five hundred of the Garrison changed their service As many with one Troop of Horse departed the Town reduced to the Kings obedience was continued under the Command of their old Governour Florineus The End of the ninth Book The Historie of the LOW-COVNTREY WARRES The tenth Book IN the meane time Don Iohn of Austria having by his daily and nightly Labour contracted a weaknesse of Stomacke and a Languishing of his whole Body whilst he went to Namure for his health left the Army to Prince Alexander But first holding a Councell of Warre about the besieging of Limburg which it was feared would otherwise do much hurt to the Province of Luxemburg he commended that Service to the Prince of Parma He willingly undertooke it and the rather because he hoped to fight with Iohn Casimir Brother to the Prince Elector Palatine who it was said would bring his Army that way into the Low-countreys thereby to vindicate as he told the great Commanders the honour of the Royall Army which in some men's Letters was aspersed as if they shunned the Enemy and durst not come to a Battaile with the States but that declining the Encounter they carryed the Warre up and downe only to bug-beare Townes and Villages Therefore Prince Alexander sending before Gabriell Nignio a valiant Spanish Colonell with seven Colours of Musketters and commanding Camillo a Monte should follow with the Horse to second Nignio when he stormed the Suburbs of Limburg hee himselfe about Midnight moved with the Spanish and Wallon Foote leaving Fronsberg's Regiment to conduct ten peice of Cannon that came after And Nignio beating the first Companyes that opposed him afterwards with some losse taking the Suburbs got a huge booty of Cattell and Victuall But as it was a worke of too much time to besiege the Towne so it seemed of too much difficulty presently to storme it For Limburg stands upon a high Rock the Valley about it being all craggy and therefore saue only by the higher ground towards the South inaccessible Besides it might be relieved by the River Vuest running through the Towne All this troubled not Prince Alexander who Viewing the Place chose a Hill whereon to plant his Cannon betweene which and the Towne was the smoothest part of the Valley From the Hill he commanded the Pioners to run a Trench sloping downe into the Valley and from thence to carry it within sight of the Towne thence turning againe obliquely to bring it to the Sconce at the very City gate whilst the rest of his Workmen on the other side undermined a Tower at some distance from the Castle shooting out like a promontory In both Works was more of Terrour then Danger to the Towne For they had scarce broke the Earth two foote deepe when they were hindred by Rock Yet making blindes of Boughs they defended their Trenches against the Shot from the Walls Prince Alexander himselfe hastening the men at worke sometimes visiting the Diggers sometimes the Miners He likewise used gracious Invitations to the Limburgers sending them Letters by a Trumpetter Wherein he forbare to reprove but rather admonished them as assured of the Victory and only carefull not to destroy the King's City and Subjects by the Sword They receiving the Letter from the Trumpetter at the Gate and reading it in publique bade him returne at the same houre next day But when he came they told him no Resolution could be Pitcht upon by reason of the difference betwixt the Townsmen and the Souldiers but if he would come yet once againe he should the day following have an absolute Answer Prince Alexander knowing that the Besieged used such trifling Delayes only to gaine time forbade the Messengers to go any more conceiving it below the Dignity of the King's Army and that it would show like a Confession of some Weaknesse but was more industrious in advancing towards the Towne his Trenches on the one side and his Mines upon the other Comes Caesius overseeing the Workes a bold and active man He himselfe fortifying the Hill with Trenches and Pallisadoes setting up Gabions to be filled with Earth and turfe and drawing Cannon upon their Cariages in sight of the Enemy that shot continually watched two nights both hideous ones that with raine from Heaven this with Thunder from the Walls But the Battery beginning at the breake of day with nine great Cannon from the Hill when the Limburgers saw their Walls shaken and a great Part thereof no lesse then thirtie Cubits beaten downe in foure houres space and likewise a Trench brought downe the hill a thing they held impossible by which the Souldiers marched under covert and were ready to assault the Port Instantly sending to Prince Alexander the Towne earnestly beseeched him a little while to respite the Assault and grant a Cessation of Armes but for an houre for their last consultation The Prince of Parma though it was a welcome Message because he well knew unlesse they yielded of themselves it would be a long Worke to force them Yet lest his facility in condescending might argue some diffidence in his Strength putting on a face of Terrour he angerly told the man there had beene now going and coming
16. the first that promiseth to take the Oath of fidelity l. 6. p. 11. sent with the Fleet to transport Princess Mary from Portugall l. 4. p. 91. high in the Kings esteem l. 5. p. 135. l. 8. p. 17. his disposition l. 5. p. 136. combines with other Lords against Granveâ—l l. 3. p. 75. is with the Gentlemen Covenanters in the Prince of Orange his house l. 5. p. 107. opposeth some of them ibid. gives his Vote in Senate against the Covenanters l. 5. p. 103. is enraged at his son for joyning with them ibid. discovers to the Governess many particulars concerning the Gheuses and their Design l. 5. p. 121. his opinion of the Iâ—onomachy in the Netherlands l. 5. p. 127. of Lewis of Nassau ibid. of using Armes to suppress the Gheuses l. 5. p. 129. is Lievtenant Governour of Bruxells for the Governeâ—s l. 5. p. 130. Count Egmonts Letter to him l. 5. p. 136. his answer ibid. ready to serve the King in all things ibid. l. 8. p. 17. the Duke of Alva sends him General into France l. 7. p. 64. there he gives a totall Rout to Lewis of Nassau's horse fighting for the Hugonots ibid. his right Arme shot ibid. he writes to Margaret of Parma what the Duke of Alva did in the Low-Countries l. 7. p. 68. endeavours to pacifie the seditious Spaniards l. 8. p. 18. is designed by Requeseres on his death-bed Commander in Chief of the Low-Countrey Militia l. 8. p. 16. violently taken out of the Senate and committed to Prison l. 8. p. 20. Chosen to Command the Spanish Army departing out of the Low-countries l. 9. p. 32. Camp Master in the battel of Gemblac l. 9. p. 50. his Vote in a Councel of War l. 10. p. 8. his place at Iohn's Funeral l. 10. p. 22. Philibert Chalon the last of the Chalons that was Prince of Orange l. 2. p. 43. Philibert Bruxellius speaks to the Estates of the Low-Countries for the Emperour when he resigned l. 1. p. 4. appointed by the Governess to examine the Tumults at Valenciens l. 3. p. 62. in Senate he reads a Letter touching the Lords Conspiracy l. 5. p. 103. Philipland a Desert Island l. 8. p. 10 13. Philipland besieged l. 9. p. 57. its site Ibid. Governour l. 9. p. 58. 't is invaded ibid. rendred ibid. Philip the first son to the Emperour Maximilian and Mary Dutchesse of Burgundy l. 1. p. â—7 Philip the second son to Charles the fifth and Isabella of Portugal is born l. 1. p. 9. l. 4. p. 92. why publick joy was forbidden at his birth l. 1. p. 9. he marryeth Mary Daughter to Iohn the third of Portugal l. 4. p. 92. Mary Queen of England married to him l. 1. p. 3â—4 l. 3. p. 71. the English love him not l. 1. p. 9. he moves his father and hastens his Resignment of the Low-countries ibid. the Emperour resigning makes him Master of the Order l. 1. p. 3. l. 5. p. 107. all the Emperours Kingdomes given him l. 1. p. 5. l. 2. p. 30. what answer he made to one that minded him of the Anniversary day of his Fathers Abdication l. 1. p. 6. he makes the Duke of Savoy Governour of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 11. concludes a Truce with Henry the second of France ibid. is at War with the Pope ibid. sets the Queen of England at difference with the French ibid. victorious at St. Quintin ibid. receives a blow at Calice ibid. beats the French at Graveling ibid. p. 12. makes a peace with the French ibid. marrieth Isabella daugther to Henry King of France ibid. thinks of returning into Spain l. 1. p. 14. settles the State of the Low countries ibid. Political l. 1. p. 16. Military l. 1. p. 17. and Sacred ibid. and l. 2. p. 29. Convenes the Estates and the Knights of the Golden Fleece at Gant l. 1. p. 18. Creates Margaret of Austria Gouernesse of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 19 â—4 makes some New Knights of the Order l. 1. p. 25. l. â— p. 46. treats with the Deputies of the States ibid. 26. goes for Spain ibid. as he was hunting acknowledges Don Iohn for his brother l. 10. p. 18. angry with him for offering to steal away to the War of Malta ibid. 19. offended at his fortifying Tnnâ—s ibid. suspects him ibid. the people discourse and Judgment against the King ibid. others are for him l. 2. p. 35. the diversity of his and his Fathers Disposition l. 2. p. 38. he delayes the revocation of the Spaniards from the Low-countries l. 3. p. 50. l. 9. p. 27. his reason for it l. 9. p. 32. he recalls them l. 3. p. 52. Commands the Governesse to send assistance to the King of France l. 3. p. 55 60 61 71 72. offers Sardinia to the King of Navarre l. 3. p. 59. his Letters touching the marriage of the Queen of Scotland l. 3. p. 59. he sends from Italy Auxiliaries into France l. 3. p. 60. gives his reasons for increasing the Low-countrey Bishops l. 3. p. 71. defends Granvel ibid. his answer to the Letter signed by Count Egmont the Prince of Orange and Count Horne l. 3. p. 73. a false rumor of his being murthered l. 4. p. 77. his Commands to the Governesse concerning infamous Libels ibid. and the Cognizances given by the Lords ibid. 78. and the punishment of Hereticks l. 4. p. 84. he sends away Granvell from the Low-Countries l. 4. p. 79. goes to take possession of the Kingdome of Portugal l. 4. p. 82. seriously commends to the Governesse the Care of Religion l. 4. p. 83. instructs her how to intercept the Hereticks ibid. his bounty to English Exiles ibid. his earnestnesse in receiving the Councel of Trent l. 4. p. 85. his difference with the Pope ibid. in great indignation he recalls his Embassadour from Rome ibid. gives an account to the Low-countrey men and to the Princes of Europe of the occasion of the Conference at Bayon l. 4. p. 87. why he was not there in person ibid. 88. he consults the Divines what their opinion was touching Liberty of Conscience desired by the Low-countrey men l. 4. p. 89. his words before the Image of Christ ibid. his Instructions delivered to Count Egmont ibid. p. 90. and Alexander Farntze to be conducted into the Low-countries ibid. his Letter to the Governesse touching the Marriage of Alexander Farneze l. 4. p. 91. he enjoynes her to punish the Hereticks c. l. 4. p. 96. he receives intelligence from the Governesse of the Conspiracy of the Low-countrey Lords and of their annuall Actings l. 5. p. 102 106 113 114. is not satisfied with the Requests made by the Embassadour Mâ—ntiny ibid. unseasonably defers the grant of a Pardon to the Covenanters l. 5. p. 115. promiseth his personal presence in the Low-countries ibid. how he assented to the desires of the Governesse l. 5. p. 120. he Commands her to make preparations of Armes l. 5. p. 132. gives
design was commonly reported to intend the establishment of this new Judicature in the Low-countreys Though the Duke as afterward it was evident levied men onely to defend his own towns amidst the tumults then threatning the Low-countreys the King to supply Malta and to oppose the Turk in other places Yet when the Governess went about to perswade the multitude she found it Labour in vain the Hereticks disputing against her and affirming That it was the ordinary trick of State to pretend war for one place and fall upon another So that many men openly professed they would fell their houses and land and seek their Countreys lost Libertie in forrein Nations At publick meetings in the Market place and upon the Exchange divers men were heard boldly to say that against the crueltie of the Kings Edict they onely wanted a Generall which if once they should have they would make the King leave meddling with the Priviledges of the Low-countreys The multitude thus storming the Lords neutrall or wavering and the Hereticks that were in danger of the Edict stirring them up to mutiâ—â—ie the Conspiracie was ripened Nine Lords that were not Officers of State at Breda a Town belonging to the Prince of Orange subscribed and propounded unto the rest a confederation penned by Philip Marnixius Lord of Saint Aldegund long since corrupted and now a corrupting Calvinist In the Preamble they inveighed against the Inquisition which being contrary to all Laws divine and humane farre exceeded the cruelty of all former Tyrants The Lords declared their sense of this indignity the care of Religion appertaining to them as Counsellours born and protested they entered into a league to prevent the wicked practices of such as by these sentences of banishment and death aimed at the fortunes of the greatest persons they had therefore taken an holy oath not to suffer the Inquisition to be imposed upon the Low-countreys and prayed that both God and Men might forsake them if they ever forsook their Covenant or failed to assist their Brethren suffering for the Cause Lastly that they called the Lord to witnesse by this agreement they intended nothing but the Glory of God the Kings honour and their Countreys Peace This is the summe of their League which either for the interchange or multiplicitie of their promises was called the Covenant and was afterwards printed that it might be every where published in divers languages with this Title according to the English copy A transcript of the Covenant signed by the Lords and Gentlemen of the Low-countreys by reason of an attempt to impose upon them the Spanish Inquisition Their Emissaries were forthwith dispatched to the severall Provinces to acquaint them with what was resolved and to court the people which took exceedingly For at their Assemblies many were so violent as when they but heard the Spanish Inquisition named not knowing any more of the matter they set to their names The first that subscribed were Nicholas Haâ—es Herauld to the Knights of the Golden-fleece commonly called Tosond ' or a principall instrument in the Conspiracy Baronius Glibercius Lefdal servant to Count Egmont Iohn Marnixiuâ— Lord of Tholose Ghisell Meinser and Olhain as Anderlech steward to Count Megen wrote to the Governesse The number and quality of the rest cannot easily be described they that took Catalogues of their names varying them as they supposed it would conduce to the augmentation of the fame or extenuation of the fact Indeed Hames bragged to Anderlech whom he indeavoured to bring into the faction that he had a roll of above two thousand noble persons names subscribed But Anderlech abhorring the treason not onely refused to subscribe but thought it the duty of a good Subject to discover their proceedings to the Governesse And though he found her not ignorant of many of their names and curious to know them all yet he opened some things to her wherewith as his familiar friends they had privately acquainted him That among others the Duke of Cleve had signed the Covenant with the Princes of Saxony Count Suartzemberge Gasper Colligny and many others Besides some Abbots of the Low-countreys and certain Lords of the Order of the fleece I cannot tell if this were given out to countenance the faction but I am sure the Rumour of the Duke of Cleve's Revolt soon vanished as that of the Companions of the Order increased and Count Megen that was one of the Colledge told the Governesse that two of his Colleagues whose names he knew not with divers other Noblemen were joyned with the Conspiratours But one of them might be well suspected and the Prince of Orange expressed himself very sensible of mens opinions for he complained in Senate that he was commonly reputed one of the number of the Covenanters the other must be either Count Horn Admirall of Flanders or Anthony Lalin Count Hochstrat as appeared by their conveâ—sation out of which men ordinarily draw conjectures Nor doubt I but many others were reputed Abettors of the faction as besides the above named it was thought Elisabeth Queen of England might be one though upon no other argument but onely their severall interests in the troubles of the Low-countreys For every one will allow of Casâ—ians Maxime That we may justly suspect those for Authours that are advantaged by the design But it were superfluous to inquire after dubious or concealed persons when enow declare themselves no fewer then four hundred of great quality giving in their names whereof almost one hundred were Hereticks as Count Megen informed the Governesse besides Merchants and others of the vulgar sort not to be numbered The chief of the Conspiratours were Henry Count Brederod Lewis of Nassaâ— Brother to the Prince of Orange Florence Pallantius Count of Culemberg a town in Holland he himself being a Burgundian and Willam de Bergen Count of Bergen in Gelderland all of that youth and courage as animated them to high attempts Brederod especially who took place of them all either for his antient Nobility being descended from the old Earls of Holland or for the sharpnesse of his wit which he used with great freedome against such as were in authority and it was therefore applauded by the people and very usefull for the Mutineers But the nobler and baser sort of the Party were not all of the same mind noâ— had the same ends as it is usuall in actions of this nature For some would rest quiet if the Pontifician Inquisitours were outed and the penalties of the Edicts qualified Others had yet a further design for the Liberty of Religion Many cared neither for Religion nor the Edicts but onely desired spoil and pillage Lastly there were some that had yet an higher reach and aimed by these troubles to shake off their old Prince and set up a new Government But all of them pretended and petitioned for the taking away of the Inquisition and
moved for a generall Convention of the Estates as the best expedient for restoring peace to their Countrey Otherwise though against their wills they must be necessitated to have recourse to forrein help These letters being read in Senate after every man had delivered his opinion the Governesse answered Lewis and his companions that were called by jeering people his twelve Apostles that upon the twenty sixth of August the Knighrs of the Golden-fleece were to meet at Bruxels and she would advise with them about it In the interim the Prince of Orange returning to Antwerp when no good could be done there certified the Governesse that the Citizens had been earnest with him to receive the Government of Antwerp and for his securitie to put a Garrison into the Town The Governesse consenting to it he not onely raised men but was so bold as to ask leave to have a Guard about his person which she likewise granted And so to his great contentment he was made Governour meaning shortly to make himself an absolute Prince by the too much indulgence of the Governesse who with these favours endeavoured to ingage the Prince of Orange or at least would have him believed to be of the Kings partie But the despair of succours long looked for out of Spain together with her fear increased her indulgence Now at length upon Montinyes sollicâ—tation the Kings letters came wherein those three particulars the Dutchesse had so often requested of his Majestie were all granted but upon certaâ—n conditions For his Majestie gave way to the remove of the Ecclesiasticall Inquisitours provided the Bishops were first placed in their stead for he was resolved and fixed not to leave Religion naked without a guard of those that should take cognizance of her cause and revenge her injuries It was his pleasure likewise that the Imperiall Edicts should be somewhat moderated by his Councell in the Low-countreys but it must be certified to and approved of by his Councel in Spain before it should be published in the Provinces In the last place his Majestie was contented that 〈◊〉 Covenanters and others should be pardoned but the other two heads were first to be dispatched But these remedies came from Spain too late when the face of things was altered in the Low-countreys When the fury of the Hereticks plundering the Churches and openly defacing all venerable and sacred monuments of Religion was to be incountered in another way And indeed that destruction which I think was one of the greatest that ever happened if we consider the sudden mischief to Religion the rage of the People their small number and mean qualitie from what parts or by whose Counsell it was brought upon the Low-countreys is no more certainly known then the causes and originall of a sudden plague I should think by many letters I have read that in all probability it came thither from the Geneva Calvinists their next French neighbours perhaps by accident perhaps upon design for so Peter Ernest Count Mansfeld informed the Governesse and she the King The very same intelligence she received from Pedro Ceballio an old Spanish Commander who assured her that the Prince of Condegrave and the three brothers of the Colygn the heads of the Hugonots to advance their own partie in France while Heresie reigned in the Low-countreys by their Emissaries dayly solicited the Hereticks in these Provinces to make some attempt wherein they promised sufficiently to furnish them with men and Arms. The like hope they had of the Queen of England This agrees with what was resolved upon at Centron by the confederated Gheuses in which number the Admirall of France and others of that nation being comprehended it was easie for them upon this occasion to trouble the Low-countreys Besides these mysteries of State other things were plain to be discerned For the people partly corrupted with Heresie partly dreading the Inquisition exceedingly favoured the Hereticks that sought to overthrow that judicature The confederated Gheuses willingly took upon them the protection of the Commons because many of the Covenanters were birds of the same feather and all of them ambitious to be Masters and Tribunes of the people The Knights of the Order and the Lords were divided among themselves Those that continued faithfull to their Religion and their Prince were the weaker party the stronger either declared themselves for the Conspiratours or at least were of their chamber-counsell And now the Governesse wrote to the King that she had certain knowledge of the Prince of Orange's design by those tumults to invade the Government of the Low-countreys and share it with his fellow-rebells Therefore upon Assumption-eve they began to rifle the Low-countrey Churches first rising in the lower Flanders which lies between the river Lys and the West Sea In these parts a few of the raskall sort of Hereticks met and joyned themselves with some companies of thieves upon the day appointed for proclaiming warre against heaven lead on by no Commander but Impietie their Arms were staves hatchets hammers and ropes fitter to pull down houses then to fight withall some few of them had swords and muskets Thus accoutered as if they had been furies vomited from Hell they broke into the towns and villages about St. Omer and if they found the doors of Churches or Monasteries shut forced them open frighting away their religious inhabitants and overturning the Altars they defaced the Monuments of Saints and broke to peices their sacred images Whatsoever they saw dedicated to God and to the Blessed they pulled it down and trod it under their feet to dirt whilst their Ringleaders clapt them on the backs and incouraged them with all their force to destroy the Idols The Hereticks glad of this successe to the first that ever they sent out upon a party left the place with speed and with unanimous consent shouted and cryed aloud Let us to IPRES that being a citie much frequented by the Calvinists And they were drawn thither as well out of hope of protection as out of hatred they bare to the Bishop of that City Martin Rithovius an eminently virtuous and learned man and therefore meriting the spleen of Hereticks Whereupon they ran violently thither gathering upon the way such vagabonds and beggars as joyned with them out of hope of plunder And as a snow ball rolling from the top of a hill grows still greater by the accesse of new snow through which it passes and wherein it is involved so these thievish vagabonds multiplying by the way the farther they go the more they rage and the more considerable their thievish strength appears And when they had pillaged a few small villages about Ipres upon the very day of the Assumption of the blessed Virgin the citizens of Ipres opening their gates unto them they entered the town and went directly to the Cathedrall Church where every one fell to work Some
and barricadoed them The Clergie knowing themselves unable to resist a multitude of thieves not discerning how few they were forsook the Churches and provided for their own safetie Nor had the religious Orders time to collect their spirits in this common trepidation when so many fled In a word men had no more consideration to defend themselves against this misfortune then against a thunderbolt which every one wishes to avoid but none labours to oppose But the poor Nuns were in the greatest fright and amazement whose Cloysters were broke by these Hobgoblins which making havock of all things in their way and prying into every secret corner whilst their furie or theivery kept them imployed it was the onely preservation of the holy Virgins that getting on their clothes of any fashion escaped these sacrilegious dogs and fled most of them into their Parents houses By which means lesse mischief was done then uses to be committed in night-robberies Their principall aim being to make haste and ruine all things in an instant And truly their hast was so great that the noblest Churches and Religious houses of Antwerp were profaned and pillaged by the severall parties of these infamous Rascalls Nay when it was day light and that they saw the citie amazed with sudden fear had made no preparation to suppresse them for both Catholicks and Hereticks kept within doors those fearing the Hereticks which they believed to be masters of the Town and these in regard they knew the odium of the fact would reflect upon themselves and therefore feared the Justice of the Magistrate and to be assailed by the Catholicks but all were of opinion the libertie taken by these base Artificers depended upon some superiour causes the Church-robbers secured by other mens terrour fell to plunder in the day time returning to the Churches and Monasteries unworthily and basely fouling the pure ornaments with their filthy souls and bodies and buttering the Books in the library set them on fire Then in mockerie arming the Saints statues they ran a tilt and overturning them insulted over them And every where like Conquerours having as well surprised Religion as the Town they bore the spoils in triumph Three dayes together in Antwerp lasted that spoil and destruction of things sacred with so great a losse of rare pieces drawn by the hands of Masters that some writers stick not to say the great Church alone was damnified to the value of four hundred thousand Ducats But it being strongly suspected that after the spoil of Churches hope of prey having multiplyed this wicked rabble they would at last plunder the rich Merchants as many times men fight more eagerly for their houses then for their Altars the Townsmen thinking it their best no longer to stand neuters especially perceiving the small number of these Rogues appeared at their doors in arms and as if they meant to revenge the Commonwealth shut up all the Ports but one out of which that damned pack of villains ran and poured out their furie upon the adjoyning towns and villages where they exercised the same kind of sacrilegious freeboot While this was done at and about Antwerp the rage of these Traitours was no lesse upon the very same dayes at Gant Ondenaerd and other towns in Flanders from the river of Lys as farre as Schelt and Dender all the Churches and holy Ornaments going to wrack For this destruction was more like an Earthquake that devours all at once then like the plague that steals upon a Countrey by degrees Insomuch as the same tainture and whirlwind of Religion in an instant miserably involved and laid waste Brabant Flanders Holland Zeland Gelderland Friesland Over-Isell and almost all the Low-countreys except three or four Provinces viz. Nemure Lucemburgh Artois and part of Haynolt And as of old in the reign of Tiberius Cesar they tell us that twelve cities were swallowed by an earthquake in one night so in the Low-countreys not the like number of Cities but Provinces by the Spirit struggling and bursting out from hell were devoured with so sudden with so great a ruine that the Netherlands which had as many populous Cities Towns and Villages as any part of Europe within ten dayes was overwhelmed in this calamitie the particular Province of Flanders having four hundred consecrated houses either profaned or burnt to the ground So as indeed the Governesse could not but believe Count Mansfeld who called that conspiracie a plot laid to betray all the Low-countreys by the Heads of the hereticall party in France from whence came almost all these cryers of the new Gospel For by their practice the state of the Low-countreys being troubled they might the more easily as when an Army is confused at the first volly of shot send fresh men that assailing the Provinces already weakened might totally subdue them With this opinion theirs agreed who thought this impious plunder acted with such consent and such impunity not to be accidentall nor the villanie of a few but to be contrived by the Hereticks and Orders given at Centron that by one Massacre they might prevent another which they feared hung over their heads ever since the conference of the French and Spanish at Baion the chief of the Gheuses giving way to it that they might the sooner by the fright of these tumults extort from the Governesse all which they had petitioned for Indeed when the Churches and Monasteries of Gant were rifled the spoil having continued for three dayes together the like whereof happened at the same time in Antwerp a letter from Lewis of Nassau and six others were delivered to the Ministers Consistories and Merchants of the Low-countreys for so ran the superscription wherein he advised them that in regard the cause of the reformed Religion seemed now to be in sufficient securitie they should oppose themselves against the saucinesse and insurrection of the people confident that hereafter no body would trouble them for the free Exercise of their Religion and they were to give credence to the Bearer who was one Giles Clerk a Lawyer of Tournay his name being writ in cypher in the same letter Upon receit whereof they ceased from profaning the Churches of Gant Add to this the words of Count Mansfeld to the Governesse which she sent in Character to the King that she was advised by Count Mansfeld to beware of Lewis of Nassau before all men living for he was the wickedest Traitour in the world to whom the Ministers and Elders of the Hereticks communicated all their Counsels and that he carried in his hand the spoil of Churches and religious Houses and by this means that turbulent spirited desperate man hoped to levie warre against the King And it is evident that Lewis was one of the first movers in all the Sacriledge committed it was by his incouragement that the common sort of hereticks would not obey the
and the Navarines sallying out but with losse beat back were thought to be upon the point of yielding When the Turks either by the connivence or ignorance of Prince Alexander's Souldiers put in men by night and relieved the Garrison Besides the Turkish horse and foot coming from al quarters Prince Alexander fearing they would block up his retreat and not hoping to take the Castle thought it enough in his enemies sight to retire with his Cannon to the Fleet. And Don Iohn since the Turkish Navy shunning a general Battell could by no affront be provoked to sea contented to have struct a terrour into the enemy and forced them to confesse themselves not able to appear upon the Main the mindes as well as the Fleet of the Christians being divided he went to Sicily the rest to other places Thus was Alexander Farneze initiated in war which as it begat an opinion both among those great Souldiers and Princes absent specially the successour to Pope Pius Gregory and King Philip of Spain that he would prove a gallant General so afterward it moved the King of his own accord to call him where the war was most dangerous into the Low-countreys For his Majesty pressed with the Low-countrey-mens daily complaints against Don Iohn of Austria and very desirous to quiet the Netherlands without Arms that weaken even the Conquerour himself he resolved to satisfie the desires of the Provinces and in his Brothers place to substitute his Sister Margaret of Austria with her Son Alexander Farneze Hoping either by her prudence and power with the Low-countrey-men to find out some expedient towards the concluding of a Peace or by his valour if there was use of Arms strongly to pursue the war Therefore he ordered it that Cardinall Granvell then at Rome should perswade his sister of Parma to return into the Low-countreys The Cardinall taking a journey to Aquila found there very opportunely the Dutchesse and Prince Alexander and read his letters containing the Kings desires to both together Though his Majesty had likewise commanded the Marquesse of Ayamont Governour of Millaine to treat with Prince Alexander apart The Dutchesse answered doubtfully she would advise upon it either fearing as she pretended to displease Don Iohn or by that delay and seeming refusal aym to put a higher value upon her journey But Alexander Farneze without the least demurring said he would obey the King with all his heart if it so pleased his mother He made yet a plainer answer to two letters delivered him by Raphael Manrique from Ayamont that was sick and kept his bed together with his Majesties letter wherein after expression of his grief for the death of Princesse Mary wife to Prince Alexander he signifies his resolution to imploy him in the Low-countreyes I am certain they are the Kings words now you know it with a ready and undaunted mind you will satisfie my exspectation of you and my love which highly esteems you and your virtue most illustrious Prince But when the King altered his determination of substituting the Dutchesse in his Brothers place by reason of Matthias the Arch-dukes coming into the Low-countreyes it was doubted at Parma whether it would be handsome for Prince Alexander to go and fight in the Low-countreyes commanded by another which consideration he out of duty to the King and desire of glory in the wars easily contemned especially incouraged by some dark words of Granvell promising great matters Besides Gregory the thirteenth interposed his Authority and exhortation who informed of the design by Cardinal Farneze highly praised it and bad the Cardinal write to the Prince of Parma in his name that the expedition would be pleasing to God and therefore under so mighty protection and upon encouragement from his Holiness he should willingly and speedily undertake it The Pope I suppose did not thus commend the warre onely for the King of Spain's sake and the common cause of Religion but for some peculiar benefit that might result to the Pontifician Empire For the Prince of Parma being a Feudatary and Homager to the See Apostolick his Holinesse thought himself concerned in sending the Prince to a Forein warre whence he might return an able General to defend the Church of Rome Wherefore Alexander Farneze having within a few dayes received three letters from Don Iohn of Austria which invited him with great entreaties and no lesse promises to the society of warre and glory making ready with all possible speed the twelvth day after he left Parma arrived at Luxemburg and there met Don Iohn who with expressions of incredible contentment received Prince Alexander that stood amazed to see his uncle no lesse impaired in his health then in the presence and Majestie of the most fortunate Generall So true it is that they are most sensible of adverse fortune which have been in most felicity It is therefore probable that Don Iohn not against his will or onely by the Kings command sent for the Prince of Parma nor did with dissembled joy welcome him from whose long approved fidelitie and valour he might promise safety to the publick and a particular preservation to himself whose life was sought by so many plots At their first meeting Don Iohn imparted the Kings commands that he should acquaint Prince Alexander with all businesse of Warre and Peace and reserve for his use 1000 Crownes a moneth Both which conditions pleased him very much especially the later usually given by the King to none but Viceroyes Governours of Provinces or Generalls of Armies For some dayes the Prince of Parma took the money till the Kings high estimation of his merit was thereby divulged among the people afterwards writing his humble thanks to his Majesty he as one more ambitious of honour then profit refused the pay adding that it was not fit he should be so remunerated who had yet done no service and he needed no encouragement But Alexander Farneze acting nothing without order from Don Iohn wholly applyed his minde and endeavours to inform himself of affaires at home and abroad which he found to be in a very bad condition For the King had but two Provinces that continued loyall in the rest the few Forts that held for his Majestie daily revolted to the States Nay even in Holland Amsterdam it self began to waver And in Brabant Bergen op Zoom where the Souldiers basely betraying their Colonell Charles Fugger yeilded to the States But the Garrison of Breda a while before deceived by a stratagem of the enemy carryed themselves yet more basely towards their Colonell For the Generalls of the Sates Arrmy Philip Count Holach and Frederick Perenot Lord of Campin that besieged Breda they were gallantly opposed by George Fronsberg Colonel of the Germans that served Don Iohn but the Garrison because they were some payes behind daily growing to mutiny Fronsberg by a man of know
mouth l. 10. p. 12. for the Governess from Germany l. 5. p. 132. 133. for the Prince of Orange from the Low-countreys and France l. 7. p. 58 61 63 73 75. l. 9. p. 57. and out of Germany l. 5. p. 138. l. 7. p. 58. An Army for the States from France and Germany l. 10. p. 7. 13. from England and Scotland l. 10. p. 10. The Duke of Alva's Army besieged by the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 77. the Gheuses Army l. 7. p. 75. the Hugonots Army l. 7. p. 79. four Armies at one time vex the Low-countreys p 75 Artois a Province of the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 15. invaded by Cocquevill l. 7. p. 46. defended by Cosse ibid. associated with the rest of the Provinces against the Spaniards l. 8. p. 20. its Governour l. 1. p. 16 Arthur Cosse Commander in chief upon the Marches of France forbids the Prince of Orange to enter the Kingdome l. 7. p. 63. sent by the French King to assist the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 46. 47. beats Cocquevils Army into the town of S. Valery and storms it ibid. takes the Commanders ibid. Assonvill vide Christopher Asper l. 8. p. 9 Ausburg vide Confession of Ausburg Augustino Barbarico l. 9. p. 46 Augustus Duke of Saxonie succeeds the Prince Elector Maurice l. 3. p. 53. Christens the Prince of Oranges sonne l. 4. p. 87. joyns with the Low countrey Rebels l. 5. p. 138. threatens the Governesse l. 5. p. 140. makes warre with Iohn Frederick sonne to the late Elector p. 141. sends to Margaret of Paâ—ma an Embassage in Favour of the Low-countrey Hereticks l. 6. p. 18 19. Avila vide Sancho Austrian what l. 10. p. 21 Autruxius l. 3. p. 62 Ayala vide Martin Ayamont vide Antonio Marquesse of Ayamont Sentences in A. WE may safely suspect those for Authours that are ADVANTAGED by the Design l. 5. p. 102 Thy are most sensible of ADVERSE fortune that have been in most felicitie l. 9. p. 48 The first AGE after the tincture of pleasure seldome or never takes another die l. 10. p. 17â— BAden the Marquesse sends an Embassage to the Governesse l. 6. p. 18 Baion l. 4. p. 87 88 Balduin ab Angelo a Jesuit refuseth the Oath pressed upon him l. 9. p. 40. is turned out of Antwerp with the rest of the Societie ibid. Barbara Blomberg of Ratisbone l. 10. p. 17. commended to the King by Don Iohn dying p. 22. she deceaseth p. 24. Babarino vide Francisco and Raphael Barlamont surrendred to Don Iohn l. 9. p 57 Barlamont vide Aegidius Florus Lancellot and Philip Baronnius one of the Covenanters l. 5. p. 101 Bartolomeo Campio l. 7. p. 80. the famous Engeneer in the siege of Harlem ibid Bartholmew Entese one of the first water Gheuses l. 7. p. 71. turns Pirat ibid. is committed to prison l. 7. p. 80 Bartolomeo Miranda Archbishop of Toledo l. 1. p. 8 Bartolomeo Portia the Popes Legate to the Emperour l. 9. p. 39 Bartholmew-Eeue in France l. 7. p. 76 Basta vide Nicholao Batemburges the Brothers vide Gisbert and Theodorick Bavaria the Duke vide Albert Bavier vide Christopher and Henry Beavor vide Philip Lanoi Belgium why called Flanders l. 1. p. 14. the lower Germany and the seventeen Provinces ibid. its situation opulency cities towns Villages Militia Navy and Manufactures ibid. their Government was ever like a free-state l. 2. p. 28 Belgick Provinces how they were all joyned under the Government of one Prince l. 1. p. 15. out of them Charles the fifth thought to erect a Kingdome l. 1. p. 15 be transferres them to his sonne Philip l. 1. p. 4. their division l. 1. p. 15. to what Persons the King intrusted them l. 1. p. 16. they petition the King to take off the tenth part l. 7. p. 67. they waver upon the news of the surprize of Brill by the Covenanters l. 7. p. 72. they conspire against the Spaniards l. 8. p. 19 20. they adhere to the States onely two continuing faithfull to Don Iohn ibid. l. 9. p. 37. 48. 50 Bcaumont rendered to Don Iohn l. 9. p. 57 Bearne the refuge of Delinquents l. 3. p. 63 Benedictus Arias Montanus l. 7. p. 64 Bergâ—n vide William and Iohn Glimè Bergen op Zoom l. 8. p. 10. comes into the hand of the Estates l. 9. p. 48. the Garrison souldiers betray their Colonel p. 49. Berlinguerio Requesenes Admirall for the King of Spain in Sicily l. 8. p. 15 Bernardo Fresneda a Franciscan Confessar to King Philip l. 6. p. 23. votes against a warre with the Low-countreys ibid. Bernardino Mendoza sent Embassadour from the Duke of Alva to Pius the fifth l. 6. p. 26. Captain of foot in the Low-countrey service p. 30. at the battle of Moocâ— l. 8. p. 4. and of Gemblac l. 9. p. 49 Bernois l. 6. p. 26 Bersen sent by the Deputies of the Estates with part of of their forces to Antwerp l. 8. p. 22 Beza vide Theodorus Bill vide Gaspar Binch sometimes the delight of Mary Queen of Hâ—â—gary yields to Don Iohn l. 9. p. 57. a stone upon the â—lace engraved by King Henry the second of France when he demolished Binch ibid. Birth of Alexander Farneze l. 9. p. 42. of Granvell l. 2. p. 39. of William Prince of Orange l. 2. p. 43. of Margaret of Parma l. 1. p. 20. of Prince Maurice of Nassan l. 4. p. 87. of Odoardo Cardinall Farntze l. 4. p. 95. of Philip the second of Spain l. 1. p. 9. of Raâ—ucio Farneze Duke of Parma l. 4. p. 95. Biseain man of warre l 7. p. 65 Biserta stormed l. 10. p. 19 Blanch Queen of France l. 5. p. Blanca Sforza daughter to Maximilian Duke of Mâ—lain and wife to the Emperour Maximilion killed by a fall from her horse as she was hunting l. 1. p. 21 Blazer vide Iohn Blosius vide Iohn and Lodwick Bobadilla a Captain l. 7. p. 75 Bobemian King vide Maximilian Boisot vide Charles and Lodwick Bomberg vide Anthony Bommen in the Isle of Sceldt taken by the Royallists l. 8. p. 13 Bona Shorza Mother to Sigismund King of Poland dies l. 1. p. 13 Boniface Bishop of Mentz l. 2. p. 30 A Book published in Germany called the Interim l. 1. p. 9 A Book set forth by the Prince of Orange against the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 58 Calvinisticall Books sent into France l. 3. p. 56. Designed for Spain l. 5. p. 137 Bourbon vide Anthony Iohn and Lewis Borgia a Captain l. â— p. 8 Borlutius of Gant Speaker for the Estates l. 1. p. 25 Bolduc vide Maximilian and Iohn Bovines renders it self to Don Iohn l. 9. p. 53 54 A Boy with two heads four feet and four hands l. 7. p. 40 A Boy with a Cat in a Cradle l. 7. p. 69. Putting ouâ— the eyes of Quails l. 7. p. 43. killing Leverets ibid. of eleven years old begging arms and leave to go to the storming of a town l. 9. â— 44
Medicâ—s sister to Pius the fourth l. 8. p. 9 Claâ—a Isabella Engenia her birth l. 5. p. 132. she is married to Albert Rodulphus the Emperours brother ibid. Claudia Chalon wife to Henry of Nasson l. 2. p. 4â— Claudius Civilis l. 1. p. 2. l. 7. p. 58 Claudius Haâ—dtepen l. 9. p. 35 Claudius Vergius Lord of Camplit Governour of Burgundie l. 1. p. 17 Clement the seventh P. M. l. 1. p. 9 21 Clement Marot turned Davids Psalms into French meetre l. 3. p. 63. his manners ibid. he files to Beernâ— ibid. returns to Paris ibid. goes to Geneva ibid. dies l. 3. p. 63 Cleveland the Duke vide William Cobell l. 7. p. 57 Coliny vide Gaspar and Andelat Calen the Elector dies l. 2. p. 1â— Columna vide Marc. Antonio Columna Columne of Marble ingraved at Cuilemburg house l. 7. p. 42. In the Prince of Oranges colours with a Marro l. 7. p. 62. Comet before the death of Charles the fifth l. 1. p. 8. another forerunner to a Warre l. 9. p. 49. Vide Prodigies Commissary of Horse the first in the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 30 Comparison of 〈◊〉 Monor ancy with the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 8â— with Count 〈◊〉 l. 7. p. 48. of the defeat of 〈◊〉 with that of Lewis de Nassau l. 7. p. 56 57. of Charles the fifth with his sonne Philip the second l. 2. p. 38. of Charles Prince of Spain with Don Iohn of Austria and Alexander 〈◊〉 l. 10. p. 10. of Cathorine de Medices with Margaret of Parma l. 3. p. 61. of the Cardinal of Lorain with Cardinal Gravel ibid. of Count Egâ—â—t with the Prince of Orange l. 3. p. 70. of Don Iohn of Austria with Charles the fifth and Gâ—rmanicus Cesar. l. 10. p. 21. of Captain Paâ—ccho with Petreius the Centution l. 8. p. 12. of the old Brigick Warre with the new l. 7. p. 56. of the French with the Low-countrey tumults l. 3. p. 61 Commander in Chief or Governour of the Low-countrey l. 10. p. 15. 23. of the Camp or camp-master l. 6. p. 30. of thâ— Ottoman Fleet l. 8. p. 14. of the Kings navy l. 8. p. 15. vide Fleet. Of the Knights of the Golden Fleece vide Order and Knights Of the Lanciers l. 8. p. 4. of the sea l. 1. p. 17. l. 7. p. 69. l. 8. p. 13. l. 9. p. 44. of the life-Guard l. 6. p. 33. of the Kings Exchequer vide Treasurer of the Musketeeres l. 9. p. 51 Combination against Alva l. 7 p. 46. against Granvel l. 3. p. 67 68 71 72. of the people and of the Merchants Vide Conspiracy Commission for the Government of the Low-countreys not signed before his death by Requeseues l. 8. p. 18 Complaints of the Low-countrey men against the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 70. against Don Iohn of Austria l. 10. p. 20. against the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 75. against the Spanish forces l. 2. p. 28. and l. 3. 50. of the Corenanters against the Governesse l. 5. p. 108. of Count Egmont against the King l. 4. p. 96 of the old Bishops against the new l. 2. p. 29. of the Governess against Count Egmont l. 5. p. 123. of her to the King l. 5. p. 136. of the Spaniards against the Estates l. 9. p. 30. of Don Iohn against the King l. 10. p. 20. of the Lords against the Spaniards l. 2. p. 38. of them and others against the new Bishops l. 2. p. 29. of the Prince of Orange against the Emperour l. 5. p. 133. his and Count Egmonts against the King l. 3. p. 68. l. 5. p. 104. both theirs against Granvell l. 3. p. 75. of the Governours of Provinces against the Governesses Edict l. 6. p. 98. of Philip the second against his father Charles l. 1. p. 9. of the people against the Inquisition l. 5. p. 105. and against the imprisonment of the Lords l. 6. p. 33. of the Senatours against the Inquisition and the Emperours Edicts l. 5. p. 103 104 〈◊〉 of the â—orhon Doctors against Merots Poetrie l. 3. p. 63. Vide Hatred Councel of twelve cojustituted to examine Delinquents 〈◊〉 Low-countreys l. 7. p. 41. they impeach the Lords ibid. condemn them l. 7. p. 42. and many Church-robbers and disturbers of the Peace ibid. Councel of State governs the seventeen Provinces l. 8. p. 16. and ruines them p. 17 Councel of Trens beâ—â—â—â— by Paul the third l. p. 42. promulgored by Pius the fourth l. 4. p. 85. received by Philip the second of Spain not refused for his private difference with the Pope ibid. the difficulty in setrtling it l. 4. p. 86. a Edict for its observation published by the Governesse Margaret of Parma l. 4. p. 96. which occasions a revivall of the Lords conspiracie l. 5. p. 98. Condemnation of the Covenanters l. 7. p. 42. of 〈◊〉 l. 3. p. 62. Vide Punishment 〈◊〉 side Lewin Câ—dom a town l. 2. p. 31. Conference of Charles the ninth of France and the Queens 〈…〉 l. 4. p. 87. its causes ibid. what was acted there p. 88. how it frighted the hereticâ—â— ibid. Confessor to Charles the fifth l. 1. p. 7. to Charles Prince of 〈◊〉 l. 7. p. 45. to Margaret of Parma l. 1 p. 23. to Philip the second l. 6. p. 23 Con 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 prescribed to all the Covenanâ—◠〈…〉 l. 5. p. 138. a new one conceived and 〈◊〉 to the Emperour ibid. the Germane hereticks require that it should be embraced in the Low-countreys l. 5. p. 130 131 〈…〉 Colonel of the 〈◊〉 l. 6. p. 30 sights 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 l. 7. p. 47. his Regiment rerâ—â—â—â— the 〈◊〉 of Count Aremberg with the firing of many villages l. 7. p. 57. he and his Regiment punished ibid. p. 58. by the Duke of Alva he is restored to his command l. 7. p. 18 Conscience carefully purified l. 1. p. 7 Counsels of State Justice and the Finances l. 1. p. 25 Councel of Warre Vide Warre Counsels fraudulent l. 9. p. 34. l. 10. p. 20 impious l. 9. p. 26 27. of the Kings of France and Spain against the hereticks l. 2. p. 46. of expelling the 〈◊〉 l. 8. p. 21. of prudent persons about Charles Prince of Spain l. 7. p. 44. Vide Consultation Consistories of hereticks l. 5. p. 13. disturbed l. 6. p. 7 8. l. 7 p. 42. Conspiracy of the Armenterians with the 〈…〉 l. 6. p. 6. of the seventeen Provinces against the Spaniards l. 8. p. 21. of the Germane Princes with the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 58. against Don Iohns life l. 10. p. 2. Vide Combination Conspiracy of the Low-countrey men from what Originall Vide Lords Gentlemen Gheuses Consultation of admitting the Covenanters l. 5. p. 103 104. of the Kings expedition into the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 22. of casting the Spaniards in the Netherlands l. 3. p. 51. l. 9. p. 27. against sacrilegious plunderrers l. 5. p. 127 Contention of the Low-countrey Lords l. 2. p. 38.
Duell between two French Gentlemen l. 1. p. 13 Dui passes the Mose l. 7. p. 46. is defeated and taken ibid. condemned to loose his head l. 7. p. 49 Dullart a Bay l. 7. p. 56. 47 Duncher a Pilot. l. 6. p. 19. his ship taken ibid. Duveland an Island drown'd by the sea l. 8. p. 10. reinhabited ibid. the sea about it waded over ibid. the Island taken by the Spaniards l. 8. p. 13. Sentences in D. DANGER it self the best remedy for danger l. 5. p. 113 Men in like DANGER easily associate l. 5. p. 137 Between the businesse of life and day of DEATH a space ought to be interposed l. 1. p. 10 Resolutions are given with greater authority at a DISTANCE l. 4. p. 88 It is more DISREPUTATION to fall from a place of eminence then never to have been advanced l. 10. p. 15 E. EArthquake in Asia insert in the reading 12 Cities of Asia l. 5. p. 127. in Brabant l. 7. p. 40. swallows 33. Villages l. 7. p. 47. Ebolo the Prince vide Rodorick or Ruigomez Eclipse of the Sun l. 1. p. 22 Edam a town l. 7. p. 72 Edict of the Duke of Alva for exacting of tribute l. 7. p. 65. 67. mitigated l. 7. p. 70. of Charles the fifth at Wormes against Luther and the Hereticks l. 2. p. 34 seven times renewed ibid. revived and published l. 4. p. 96. reprehended l. 5. p. 1. l. 5. p. 105. 106. defefided l. 5. p. 105. mitigated l. 7. p. 106. Of Charles the ninth of France against the Heriticks l. 5. p. 138. against the Germans that should oppose the Spaniards in the Low-countreys l. 5. p. 134 Of Francis the first of France against Maroi's Poetry l. 3. p. 63. of Margaret of Parma for religion l. 4. p. 96. against the Heriticks that dwelt at Antwerp l. 5. p. 117. against their sermons ibid. against their exercises ibid. against Fugitives from the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 34. against the Low-country men that should bear armes against France ibid. against the French that should fight in the Low-countryes l. 5. p. 134. of the Royall Senate against the souldiers at Aclst or Aloost l. 8. p. 18. of the States against the Spaniards ibâ—d l. 9. p. 39. of the pacification at Gant l. 9. p. 30 Edward Horsey Governour of the Isle of Wight l. 9. p. 33 Edward Prince of Portugall l. 4. p. 92 Egmond a town in Holland l. 7. p. 53 Egmont vide Charles Lamorall and Philip. Elections of new Bishops in the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 18. made Reversioners to Abbats by â—ius the fourth vide Bishops and Abbats Electors of the Empire of Brandenburg l. 6. p. 18. of Colen l. 1. p. 14. of Mentz l. 5. p. 134. the Palsgrave l. 1. p. 14. l. 5. p. 134. the King of Bohemia l. 7. p. 43. the Duke of Saxony l. 6. p. 18. Trier l. 5. p. 134. Electo chosen by the Mutineeres l. 8. p. 5. p. 8. p. 22 Elogy of Alva l. 7. p. 82. 83. of Aremberg l. 7. p. 47. of Don Iohn l. 10. p. 21 22. of Count Egmont l. 7. p. 53. of Cardinall Granvell l. 4. p. 83. of Lewis of Nassau l. 8. p. 3. of Princess Mary of Portugall l. 4. p. 92. of Requesâ—nes l. 8. p. 15. of Vitelli l. 8. p. 14. vide Encomion Elizabeth Queen of England takes part with the Low-countrey Conspiratours l. 5. p. 101. seizeth the King of Spains money sent to the Duke of Alva l. 5. p. 104. l. 7. p. 65. 66. which occasioneth a contest between her Majesty and the Duke of Alva ibid. she prohibits the Holland Pirats to come within her Ports l. 7. p. 71. her Embassage to the Governesse when she was to leave the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 37. to Don Iohn when he came to the Goverment l. 8. p. 33. she is by the Lords proposed for Governess for the Low-countreys l. 9. p 38. she sends to Don Iohn for a cessation of armes l. 9. p. 49. and threatnes ibid. is not heard ibid. a rumour that she was to be married to Don Iohn l. 10. p. 20. Elizabeth Cuilemburg l. 1. p. 20 Embassador from the King of Spain to the Pope l. 1. p. 18. l. 3. p. 66. to the Queen of England l. 4. p. 94. to the King of France l. 5. p. 134. l. 5. p. 140. l. 7. p. 79. l. 10. p. 20. l. 10. p. 24. from France to the Pope l. 4. p. 85. the contest between the French and Spanish Embassadours in the councell of Trent ibid. revived at Rome ibid. what was done thereupon in â—he Emperours Court ibid. what at Rome ibid. Emden a town l. 7. p. 55 Emmanuell King of Portugall l. 4. p. 92. 94 Emmanuell Montiny Commander of a Regiment l. 9. p. 50. Emmanuell Philibert Duke of Savoy Governour of the Low countreys l. 1. p. 11. victorious at Saint Quintin ibid. his marriage with Margaret sister to Henry of France l. 1. p. 13. he and his wife go for Italy l. 1. p. 26. how highly the King of Spain valued him l. 6. p. 21. 26. Emperour sued unto by the Low-countrey Nobility to accept of the Low-Countreys l. 5. p. 135. punishmentâ— by Emperours decreâ—d against Heriticks l. 2. p. 33 3â— Ems a River l. 7. p. 55 56 71 Encomion of Count Barlamont l. 10. p. 5. of Isidor Pacecho l. 8. p. 12. of Mondragonio l. 8. p. 2. of Penonio l. 10. p. 1â— of Vitelli l. 7. p. 62. vide Elogit Engelbert Count of Nassau Governour of the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 1â— Engelbert of Nassau the first l. 2. p. 43. 2. ibid. their power in the Low-countreys how increased ibid. Englands King vide Philip the Second Englands Queen vide Elizabeth and Mary The English loose Calice l. 1. p. 11. do execution upon the French Army from Sea l. 1. p. 12. their ships and goods embargued in the Ports of the Low-countreys and Spaiâ— l. 7. p. 66. they take the Portugall ships richly laden ibid. some conspiring against Don Iohn of Austria are put to death l. 10. p. â—0 Engines l. 8. p. 9 â—0 Engineeres l. 6. p. â—1 Enterprise of Alex Farnese l. 9. p. 45 51 of Caius Fabias l. 9. p. 40. of Ciacconio l. 8. p. 8. of Iohn Boccace a lâ—suite l. 9. p. 40. of Mondragonio l. 6. p. 30. l. 7. p. 77. of him and others l. 8. p. 9. of Perotto l. 8. p. â— Envy at Court l. 2. p. 37 41. l. 3. p. 56. between the Low-countrey Lords and Granvell l. 2. p. 41 42 l. 3. p. 72. between the Spanish and Low-countrey Nobility l. 2. p. 42. between Granvell and Reguard l. 3. p. 67. between the Duke of Alva and the Prince of Eboâ—o l. 6. p. 22. l. 7. p. 65. between Alva and Egmond l. 7. p. 51 vide Ambition Epirots l. 6. p. 30 Erasso a Courtier very intimate with the King of Spain l. 3. p. 66. Erick Duke of