thing_n and_o it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v that_o without_o their_o assistance_n they_o will_v never_o have_v be_v able_a to_o put_v so_o glorious_a a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n as_o they_o do_v we_o see_v by_o this_o what_o advantage_n commerce_n be_v to_o a_o state_n when_o it_o be_v regulate_v with_o prudence_n and_o by_o able_a merchant_n who_o have_v all_o protection_n and_o no_o constraint_n but_o what_o need_v we_o go_v out_o of_o france_n for_o example_n to_o show_v how_o important_a commerce_n be_v to_o a_o nation_n we_o need_v only_o consider_v the_o great_a thing_n that_o have_v be_v do_v under_o the_o glorious_a reign_n of_o our_o great_a monarch_n and_o the_o almost_o infinite_a sum_n which_o have_v be_v disburse_v as_o well_o to_o support_v the_o war_n against_o all_o the_o power_n of_o europe_n for_o above_o 30_o year_n as_o during_o the_o peace_n can_v one_o ever_o have_v imagine_v this_o can_v have_v be_v do_v without_o that_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o money_n which_o trade_n especial_o that_o with_o spain_n bring_v into_o france_n for_o we_o have_v no_o mine_n to_o supply_v we_o what_o then_o will_v have_v be_v the_o consequence_n have_v commerce_n be_v protect_v and_o encourage_v in_o france_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v i_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o such_o case_n we_o may_v have_v say_v of_o france_n what_o the_o holy_a scripture_n say_v of_o jerusalem_n that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o solomon_n gold_n and_o silver_n be_v as_o common_a as_o stone_n if_o england_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n and_o by_o the_o vent_n of_o her_o tin_n lead_v and_o sea-coal_n have_v amass_v such_o riches_n what_o may_v one_o not_o have_v believe_v france_n will_v have_v gain_v which_o beside_o her_o manufacture_n of_o wool_n silk_n linen_n hat_n paper_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v eager_o seek_v after_o by_o all_o the_o world_n supply_v other_o country_n with_o wine_n brandy_n wheat_n salt_n oil_n and_o fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n for_o immense_a sum_n this_o abundance_n and_o great_a plenty_n of_o our_o merchandise_n so_o necessary_a and_o useful_a to_o our_o neighbour_n make_v my_o lord_n bellasis_n say_v that_o if_o god_n shall_v one_o day_n make_v the_o turk_n know_v what_o they_o can_v do_v at_o sea_n and_o the_o french_a how_o far_o they_o may_v extend_v their_o commerce_n all_o europe_n will_v soon_o fall_v a_o conquest_n to_o those_o power_n i_o shall_v only_o give_v one_o instance_n more_o to_o show_v how_o nothing_o but_o commerce_n can_v enrich_v a_o kingdom_n let_v we_o therefore_o turn_v our_o eye_n to_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n have_v so_o little_a gold_n and_o silver_n as_o the_o spaniard_n though_o those_o two_o metal_n grow_v in_o such_o prodigious_a quantity_n in_o their_o dominion_n other_o nation_n notwithstanding_o be_v better_o provide_v therewith_o on_o account_n of_o the_o great_a vent_n their_o commodity_n have_v in_o spain_n and_o the_o dependent_a kingdom_n which_o have_v occasion_n for_o they_o and_o in_o short_a that_o great_a monarchy_n have_v fall_v to_o decay_n pure_o for_o have_v neglect_v commerce_n and_o establish_v several_a manufacture_n in_o dominion_n of_o so_o vast_a and_o large_a extent_n it_o be_v this_o negligence_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a spring_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o france_n and_o while_o france_n trade_v with_o spain_n she_o never_o want_v gold_n or_o silver_n not_o even_o during_o those_o long_a and_o difficult_a war_n let_v we_o only_o look_v back_o and_o consider_v what_o condition_n france_n be_v in_o by_o the_o pyrenean_n treaty_n notwithstanding_o a_o long_a war_n of_o above_o twenty_o five_o year_n and_o all_o those_o she_o have_v since_o sustain_v even_o to_o our_o day_n it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v wish_v we_o will_v open_v our_o eye_n soon_o enough_o and_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o matter_n of_o so_o much_o importance_n and_o so_o necessary_a as_o commerce_n and_o endeavour_v to_o know_v how_o to_o take_v such_o measure_n as_o may_v bring_v to_o a_o good_a issue_n that_o on_o which_o in_o some_o manner_n depend_v the_o happiness_n of_o all_o his_o majesty_n subject_n and_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o nation_n we_o frenchman_n have_v be_v reproach_v and_o perhaps_o not_o without_o some_o reason_n that_o the_o genius_n of_o our_o nation_n be_v not_o proper_a for_o a_o foreign_a commerce_n be_v quick_o weary_a of_o all_o undertake_n that_o require_v a_o solid_a and_o continue_a application_n but_o without_o decide_v this_o matter_n i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o say_v that_o there_o have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v in_o france_n person_n of_o very_a good_a ability_n and_o experience_n necessary_a for_o carry_v on_o a_o vast_a trade_n out_o of_o several_a i_o shall_v only_o mention_v jaques_n cover_v superintendent_n of_o the_o finance_n or_o in_o the_o language_n of_o those_o time_n moneyer_n to_o king_n charles_n the_o seven_o this_o man_n who_o be_v bear_v at_o bourge_n be_v entire_o addict_v to_o foreign_a trade_n in_o a_o time_n when_o scarce_o any_o one_o meddle_v with_o it_o in_o france_n get_v prodigious_a wealth_n which_o he_o employ_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n and_o the_o support_v of_o the_o state_n matthew_n coucy_n a_o historian_n his_o contemporary_a speak_v of_o he_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o king_n say_v he_o have_v in_o his_o kingdom_n a_o man_n of_o mean_a extraction_n who_o name_n be_v jaques_n cover_v who_o by_o his_o sense_n vigilance_n and_o good_a conduct_n so_o order_v it_o as_o to_o undertake_v trade_v in_o commodity_n of_o the_o hight_a value_n which_o he_o still_o continue_v to_o do_v notwithstanding_o his_o be_v make_v moneyer_n to_o king_n charles_n in_o which_o office_n he_o continue_v a_o long_a while_n in_o great_a power_n and_o prosperity_n he_o have_v under_o he_o many_o clerk_n and_o factor_n who_o have_v the_o care_n of_o these_o commodity_n to_o distribute_v they_o through_o all_o christian_a state_n and_o kingdom_n he_o have_v at_o sea_n a_o great_a many_o large_a vessel_n maintain_v at_o his_o own_o expense_n and_o charge_n which_o trade_v to_o the_o levant_n egypt_n and_o barbary_n to_o fraught_v themselves_o with_o all_o sort_n of_o rich_a and_o fine_a commodity_n and_o merchandise_n by_o leave_n of_o the_o sultan_n and_o turk_n pay_v they_o some_o little_a duty_n as_o a_o acknowledgement_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o those_o country_n gold_n and_o silver_n stuff_v silk_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o colour_n fur_n for_o man_n and_o woman_n of_o several_a kind_n as_o martin_n and_o sables_n etc._n etc._n and_o other_o excellent_a curiosity_n which_o good_n he_o sell_v by_o his_o commissary_n and_o factor_n at_o the_o hotel_n royal_a in_o all_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o in_o foreign_a court_n where_o the_o people_n surprise_v with_o admiration_n soon_o buy_v they_o up_o at_o a_o good_a price_n he_o have_v at_o least_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o commissary_n or_o factor_n at_o his_o command_n and_o gain_v himself_o more_o in_o one_o year_n than_o all_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o office_n of_o superintendant_n of_o the_o finance_n when_o king_n charles_n undertake_v the_o conquest_n of_o normandy_n in_o the_o year_n 1449_o of_o which_o conquest_n this_o famous_a merchant_n be_v the_o chief_a cause_n for_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o encourage_v the_o king_n to_o that_o great_a undertake_n and_o furnish_v he_o with_o a_o army_n by_o offer_v he_o several_a million_o which_o be_v execute_v after_o the_o manner_n as_o the_o king_n best_o like_v and_o for_o which_o he_o be_v high_o applaud_v and_o complimented_a by_o all_o the_o prince_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o court_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o expense_n his_o wealth_n be_v almost_o invaluable_a heaven_n can_v once_o have_v give_v we_o and_o yet_o may_v have_v give_v we_o another_o jaquez_n cover_v and_o then_o we_o shall_v have_v entertain_v great_a hope_n than_o ever_o to_o bring_v the_o trade_n of_o france_n to_o its_o high_a pitch_n and_o make_v our_o nation_n the_o most_o flourishng_a in_o the_o world_n the_o merchant_n of_o france_n to_o accomplish_v this_o want_v only_o a_o experience_a leader_n a_o person_n of_o much_o knowledge_n one_o that_o have_v a_o great_a foresight_n a_o enterprize_v genius_n and_o continual_a application_n and_o perseverance_n a_o person_n of_o great_a credit_n and_o power_n that_o he_o may_v protect_v those_o who_o traffic_n under_o he_o and_o be_v his_o commissioner_n in_o whatever_o place_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v by_o such_o mean_n as_o these_o that_o the_o dutch_a have_v carry_v commerce_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a
altogether_o impracticable_a to_o put_v this_o project_n in_o execution_n the_o first_o thing_n they_o do_v be_v to_o set_v up_o a_o east_n india_n company_n as_o also_o other_o for_o the_o levant_n and_o northern_a trade_n in_o order_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o such_o merchandise_n of_o those_o country_n as_o they_o shall_v have_v occasion_n of_o and_o in_o return_n with_o what_o may_v be_v necessary_a for_o their_o use_n without_o have_v recourse_n to_o stranger_n to_o quit_v themselves_o entire_o of_o foreign_a assistance_n they_o begin_v to_o set_v up_o in_o france_n the_o manufactury_n of_o other_o country_n imagine_v at_o the_o same_o time_n those_o other_o country_n can_v not_o be_v without_o french_a good_n and_o provision_n and_o that_o they_o will_v take_v off_o the_o same_o quantity_n as_o usual_a and_o by_o consequence_n will_v be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v ready_a money_n when_o they_o see_v the_o french_a take_v no_o more_o of_o they_o in_o return_n be_v on_o this_o view_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1667_o the_o french_a lay_v new_a duty_n on_o foreign_a good_n especial_o manufacture_n which_o consequent_o make_v they_o much_o dear_a than_o their_o own_o and_o be_v do_v with_o intent_n to_o make_v the_o people_n prefer_v their_o own_o to_o foreign_a manufacture_n the_o dutch_a see_v themselves_o attack_v in_o the_o most_o sensible_a part_n so_o well_o traverse_v this_o new_a establishment_n of_o the_o french_a company_n that_o at_o last_o they_o fall_v of_o themselves_o they_o forget_v nothing_o that_o may_v ruin_v the_o manufacture_n of_o france_n they_o set_v up_o for_o make_v themselves_o those_o very_a good_n they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o france_n and_o sell_v they_o much_o cheap_a than_o the_o french_a can_v do_v reason_n of_o state_n join_v to_o those_o of_o trade_n and_o the_o enmity_n of_o both_o party_n to_o each_o other_o break_v out_o at_o last_o into_o a_o open_a war_n which_o be_v proper_o speak_v a_o trade_n war._n the_o conduct_n of_o the_o dutch_a during_o the_o treaty_n of_o aix_n la_fw-fr chapelle_n the_o triple_a alliance_n make_v afterward_o with_o england_n and_o sweden_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o spanish_a low_a country_n and_o their_o gasconading_n language_n make_v the_o king_n resolve_v they_o shall_v feel_v his_o resentment_n to_o humble_v this_o republic_n it_o be_v think_v nothing_o will_v go_v so_o far_o as_o the_o ruine_v their_o trade_n by_o lay_v still_o new_a duty_n on_o such_o merchandise_n as_o shall_v be_v bring_v into_o france_n or_o else_o entire_o to_o prohibit_v it_o the_o states-general_n try_v all_o way_n to_o engage_v the_o french_a to_o regulate_v their_o duty_n upon_o entry_n by_o the_o tariff_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1664._o and_o to_o execute_v the_o treaty_n of_o commerce_n of_o the_o year_n 1662._o but_o find_v they_o can_v do_v nothing_o they_o begin_v to_o fight_v the_o french_a with_o their_o own_o weapon_n that_o be_v they_o prohibit_v all_o french_a wine_n and_o brandy_n enter_v their_o port_n and_o lay_v new_a duty_n upon_o all_o good_n of_o the_o french_a manufacture_n and_o the_o provision_n and_o other_o merchandise_n that_o a_o long_a time_n before_o they_o use_v continual_o to_o have_v from_o france_n they_o then_o buy_v and_o deal_v for_o from_o other_o part_n the_o french_a soon_o perceive_v a_o very_a great_a diminution_n of_o their_o commerce_n the_o war_n come_v on_o between_o france_n and_o holland_n in_o the_o year_n 1672_o trade_n on_o both_o side_n be_v entire_o prohibit_v however_o mounseur_fw-fr colbert_n happy_o foresee_v that_o will_v be_v a_o very_a difficult_a matter_n for_o france_n to_o continue_v long_o a_o war_n wherein_o probable_o all_o europe_n may_v be_v engage_v against_o she_o if_o no_o body_n take_v off_o her_o good_n and_o merchandize_n give_v passport_n to_o every_o one_o that_o will_v come_v and_o trade_n thither_o and_o to_o this_o wise_a and_o sage_a conduct_n may_v be_v just_o attribute_v good_a part_n of_o the_o happy_a success_n which_o afterward_o attend_v that_o kingdom_n that_o war_n end_v by_o the_o treaty_n of_o nimeguen_n which_o be_v conclude_v the_o 10_o of_o august_n 1678._o the_o very_a same_o day_n a_o new_a treaty_n of_o commerce_n be_v strike_v up_o in_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a shall_v enjoy_v reciprocal_o the_o same_o liberty_n in_o respect_n of_o commerce_n and_o navigation_n in_o each_o other_o dominion_n as_o they_o do_v before_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o war._n in_o consequence_n of_o this_o treaty_n the_o tariff_n of_o 1667_o be_v entire_o abolish_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o dutch_a and_o that_o of_o 1664_o be_v set_v up_o in_o its_o stead_n general_o for_o all_o sort_n of_o good_n whatsoever_o that_o they_o shall_v bring_v into_o that_o kingdom_n or_o export_v thence_o one_o will_v have_v think_v that_o this_o will_v have_v establish_v a_o last_a commerce_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n however_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1680_o the_o french_a provision_n and_o other_o good_n especial_o silk_n bear_v no_o price_n at_o amsterdam_n and_o those_o that_o trade_v thither_o be_v very_o sensible_a that_o oftentimes_o they_o rather_o lose_v than_o gain_v as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o observe_v so_o true_a be_v it_o that_o commerce_v once_o destroy_v never_o again_o recover_v itself_o those_o gentleman_n who_o have_v the_o mangement_n of_o affair_n after_o the_o death_n of_o monsieur_n colbert_n without_o have_v any_o manner_n of_o regard_n to_o this_o last_o treaty_n set_v up_o the_o tariff_n of_o 1667_o and_o considerable_o augment_v the_o duty_n in_o hope_n to_o augment_v the_o sale_n of_o their_o own_o manufacture_n the_o dutch_a see_v their_o commerce_n continual_o attack_v in_o such_o open_a manner_n and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o reestablishing_a matter_n on_o the_o ancient_a foot_n apply_v themselves_o more_o than_o ever_o with_o all_o care_n and_o diligence_n to_o put_v themselves_o in_o that_o condition_n as_o never_o more_o to_o have_v occasion_n of_o the_o french_a manufacture_n and_o they_o succeed_v so_o well_o in_o this_o last_o article_n that_o they_o set_v up_o among_o themselves_o those_o very_a manufactury_n as_o the_o make_v silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n brocades_n hat_n paper_n ribbon_n and_o lace_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o french_a since_o that_o time_n have_v find_v to_o their_o no_o small_a detriment_n a_o prodigious_a decrease_v of_o their_o trade_n in_o these_o several_a article_n i_o believe_v it_o may_v very_o true_o be_v say_v that_o these_o trade-quarrel_n be_v partly_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n break_v out_o again_o between_o france_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o the_o year_n 1690._o the_o declaration_n of_o this_o war_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o most_o severe_a and_o long_a prohibition_n of_o commerce_n that_o ever_o be_v know_v and_o have_v hitherto_o continue_v and_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v will_v only_o make_v the_o dutch_a know_v they_o can_v very_o easy_o let_v the_o french_a provision_n alone_o time_n will_v make_v it_o appear_v whether_o after_o the_o peace_n the_o dutch_a will_v resort_v to_o the_o port_n of_o france_n with_o such_o number_n of_o merchants-ship_n as_o before_o and_o we_o shall_v see_v whether_o they_o will_v take_v off_o such_o vast_a quantity_n of_o provision_n and_o good_n of_o the_o french_a manufacture_n as_o in_o time_n past_a be_v much_o to_o be_v wish_v they_o will_v as_o well_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n as_o the_o good_a of_o the_o state_n chap._n x._o of_o the_o trade_n with_o spain_n notwithstanding_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o dutch_a from_o spain_n philip_n the_o second_o pretend_v he_o know_v nothing_o of_o their_o trade_n in_o his_o dominion_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o his_o ally_n and_o though_o he_o see_v very_o well_o that_o such_o trade_n must_v inevitable_o furnish_v they_o wherewith_o to_o maintain_v their_o revolt_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v it_o worth_a his_o while_n to_o deprive_v they_o of_o it_o it_o be_v the_o general_a opinion_n that_o that_o prince_n act_v after_o that_o manner_n because_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o the_o merchandise_n of_o the_o north_n to_o equip_v his_o fleet_n and_o which_o he_o can_v have_v no_o other_o way_n but_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o dutch_a it_o be_v believe_v he_o be_v likewise_o afraid_a that_o if_o he_o shall_v shut_v they_o out_o of_o the_o spanish_a port_n they_o will_v be_v very_o powerful_a at_o sea_n open_v themselves_o a_o way_n into_o the_o new_a world_n however_o notwithstanding_o this_o connivance_n of_o that_o monarch_n the_o spaniard_n in_o time_n treat_v the_o dutch_a merchant_n that_o trade_v to_o spain_n with_o such_o cruelty_n and_o lay_v on_o they_o such_o heavy_a duty_n that_o they_o be_v foree_v to_o leave_v off_o trade_n thither_o as_o well_o as_o to_o portugal_n which_o then_o be_v
memoirs_fw-fr of_o the_o dutch_a trade_n in_o all_o the_o state_n kingdom_n and_o empire_n in_o the_o world_n show_v its_o first_o rise_n and_o prodigious_a progress_n after_o what_o manner_n the_o dutch_a manage_n and_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n their_o dominion_n and_o government_n in_o the_o indies_n by_o what_o mean_v they_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o trade_n of_o europe_n what_o good_n and_o merchandise_n be_v proper_a for_o maritime_a traffic_n whence_o they_o be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o what_o gain_n and_o profit_n they_o produce_v a_o work_n very_o necessary_a for_o all_o merchant_n and_o other_o concern_v in_o trade_n do_v from_o the_o french_a now_o print_v at_o amsterdam_n london_n print_v for_o j._n sackfield_n in_o lincolns-inn-square_a g._n davis_n under_o sergeants-inn_n in_o chancery-lane_n and_o sell_v by_o t._n warner_n in_o pater-noster-rore_a the_o author_n preface_n some_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o distinction_n who_o i_o ought_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o disoblige_v have_v engage_v i_o to_o write_v something_o upon_o trade_n which_o may_v give_v they_o a_o general_a idea_n of_o it_o as_o it_o regard_v politic_n i_o believe_v nothing_o will_v better_v answer_n that_o end_v than_o to_o give_v they_o a_o true_a notion_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o dutch_a which_o have_v diffuse_v itself_o over_o all_o part_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n and_o to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v on_o account_n of_o trade_n that_o their_o republic_n have_v such_o a_o considerable_a rank_n among_o the_o state_n of_o europe_n this_o be_v what_o move_v i_o to_o undertake_v this_o small_a treatise_n and_o indeed_o i_o write_v the_o more_o willing_o on_o this_o subject_a of_o commerce_n because_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o my_o judgement_n seem_v to_o be_v so_o little_o understand_v in_o france_n especial_o by_o person_n in_o public_a employment_n and_o high_a post_n either_o in_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n the_o cabinet_n or_o the_o treasury_n however_o it_o be_v certain_a commerce_n be_v of_o so_o great_a importance_n that_o i_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o aver_v that_o according_a to_o the_o present_a conduct_n of_o the_o several_a state_n of_o europe_n there_o be_v very_o few_o thing_n in_o government_n which_o deserve_v more_o our_o attention_n than_o this_o article_n of_o commerce_n to_o be_v convince_v of_o this_o truth_n we_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o do_v but_o consider_v the_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o those_o country_n where_o trade_n flourish_v and_o those_o country_n who_o have_v none_o if_o we_o will_v only_o remember_v that_o england_n and_o holland_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o situation_n make_v so_o great_a a_o figure_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o europe_n regulate_v their_o principal_a interest_n always_o with_o a_o eye_n to_o their_o commerce_n and_o this_o be_v the_o principal_a motive_n which_o cause_v the_o last_o war_n that_o be_v the_o security_n of_o their_o trade_n we_o shall_v be_v entire_o satisfy_v that_o commerce_n ought_v to_o have_v no_o mean_a place_n in_o modern_a politic_n beside_o these_o consideration_n which_o be_v particular_a one_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o europe_n there_o be_v yet_o other_o more_o general_a which_o ought_v no_o less_o to_o excite_v all_o prince_n and_o their_o minister_n and_o all_o those_o who_o have_v any_o share_n in_o government_n to_o know_v thorough_o the_o nature_n of_o commerce_n and_o the_o maxim_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o its_o be_v well_o carry_v on_o and_o manage_v since_o as_o bocalin_n very_o well_o observe_v agriculture_n and_o commerce_n be_v the_o breast_n which_o suckle_v and_o nourish_v the_o state_n truth_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v engrave_v in_o letter_n of_o gold_n in_o all_o the_o apartment_n of_o king_n prince_n and_o statesman_n to_o induce_v they_o to_o consider_v tradesman_n and_o merchant_n according_a to_o their_o merit_n to_o these_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o great_a state_n can_v flourish_v or_o indeed_o be_v at_o peace_n if_o it_o have_v not_o a_o great_a trade_n for_o be_v only_o by_o mean_n of_o trade_n it_o can_v draw_v to_o its_o self_n riches_n and_o plenty_n without_o which_o it_o can_v undertake_v nothing_o advantageous_a either_o to_o aid_v and_o assist_v its_o ally_n or_o extend_v its_o limit_n the_o great_a gustavus_n adolphus_n be_v so_o well_o convince_v of_o this_o truth_n that_o though_o war_n be_v his_o predominant_a passion_n yet_o he_o very_o serious_o apply_v himself_o to_o make_v trade_n flourish_v in_o his_o dominion_n and_o be_v use_v to_o say_v that_o to_o put_v his_o soldier_n valour_n to_o the_o proof_n he_o be_v often_o oblige_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o his_o merchant_n my_o lord_n bacon_n who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a politician_n of_o his_o time_n look_v upon_o merchant_n to_o be_v so_o necessary_a that_o he_o compare_v they_o in_o the_o state_n to_o the_o blood_n in_o a_o man_n body_n which_o if_o it_o do_v not_o flourish_v say_v he_o a_o man_n may_v possible_o have_v some_o of_o his_o limb_n very_o strong_a but_o he_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v empty_a vein_n and_o a_o lean_a habit_n of_o body_n qui_fw-la nisi_fw-la flouruerit_fw-la potest_fw-la quidem_fw-la aliquos-artus_n habere_fw-la robustos_fw-la sed_fw-la venas_fw-la vacuas_fw-la habitum_fw-la corporis_fw-la macrum_fw-la it_o may_v be_v prove_v from_o example_n almost_o as_o old_a as_o the_o world_n that_o state_n flourish_v in_o proportion_n to_o commerce_n as_o we_o may_v gather_v from_o what_o the_o holy_a scripture_n teach_v we_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o tyrian_n and_o sidonian_n but_o we_o need_v not_o run_v so_o far_o back_o into_o antiquity_n for_o example_n we_o need_v only_o consider_v the_o surprise_v change_n which_o trade_n have_v cause_v in_o our_o day_n if_o i_o may_v so_o say_v among_o our_o neighbour_n the_o power_n of_o england_n be_v once_o so_o inconsiderable_a before_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n according_a to_o cambden_n observation_n that_o her_o predecessor_n nay_o even_o her_o own_o father_n when_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o put_v a_o fleet_n to_o sea_n be_v oblige_v to_o hire_v ship_n from_o hamburgh_n lubeck_n dantzick_n genoa_n and_o venice_n but_o after_o the_o english_a by_o the_o care_n of_o that_o able_a princess_n apply_v themselves_o to_o traffic_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a protection_n she_o give_v to_o merchant_n it_o flourish_v in_o muscovy_n in_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n the_o east_n or_o rather_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o in_o almost_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n that_o queen_n soon_o become_v capable_a of_o maintain_v herself_o a_o great_a naval_a force_n which_o at_o last_o become_v the_o terror_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o the_o narrow_a sea_n which_o make_v that_o nation_n go_v and_o attack_v more_o than_o once_o the_o power_n of_o philip_n the_o second_o not_o only_o in_o the_o new_a world_n but_o even_o on_o the_o very_a coast_n of_o spain_n in_o short_a that_o powerful_a queen_n follow_v so_o well_o those_o maxim_n of_o secure_v and_o increase_n the_o commerce_n of_o all_o her_o subject_n and_o their_o traffic_n on_o the_o foot_n of_o her_o naval_a force_n that_o she_o lay_v those_o solid_a foundation_n for_o the_o increase_n of_o commerce_n and_o maritime_a power_n of_o england_n two_o thing_n to_o which_o that_o nation_n owe_v to_o this_o day_n all_o its_o strength_n and_o grandeur_n but_o nothing_o can_v come_v up_o to_o what_o the_o dutch_a have_v do_v by_o commerce_n and_o it_o will_v ever_o be_v a_o subject_a of_o astonishment_n and_o wonder_n that_o a_o handful_n of_o merchant_n that_o flee_v into_o a_o little_a country_n which_o produce_v scarce_o enough_o to_o subsist_v its_o new_a inhabitant_n shall_v beat_v down_o the_o exorbitant_a power_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n and_o make_v that_o king_n sue_v for_o peace_n that_o they_o shall_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o so_o mighty_a a_o republic_n which_o we_o see_v at_o present_a in_o some_o manner_n to_o hold_v the_o balance_n between_o all_o the_o other_o power_n of_o europe_n but_o what_o be_v most_o wonderful_a and_o what_o ought_v most_v to_o surprise_v we_o be_v that_o the_o war_n never_o interrupt_v their_o trade_n and_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o very_a heat_n of_o war_n that_o they_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o that_o of_o the_o east-indies_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v trade_v with_o their_o enemy_n the_o spaniard_n in_o spite_n of_o all_o the_o precaution_n they_o take_v to_o the_o contrary_a which_o very_o much_o contribute_v to_o the_o support_n of_o the_o war._n the_o state_n general_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n see_v the_o industry_n of_o these_o merchant_n be_v of_o so_o great_a service_n to_o the_o republic_n protect_v and_o favour_v they_o in_o every_o
of_o the_o world_n these_o buss_n sail_v general_o from_o dort_n rotterdam_n delft_n schiedam_n vlaerdinguen_n the_o brill_n maeslandshies_n enchuisen_n and_o some_o other_o place_n of_o less_o note_n this_o art_n of_o pickle_v and_o barrel_v herring_n as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v find_v out_o by_o a_o heming_n of_o bierulem_fw-la who_o name_n be_v william_n buerem_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1347_o and_o be_v bury_v at_o bierulem_fw-la charles_n the_o five_o come_v to_o that_o town_n cause_v a_o tomb_n to_o be_v erect_v to_o honour_v the_o memory_n of_o that_o man_n who_o have_v procure_v so_o great_a a_o advantage_n to_o his_o country_n to_o the_o fishery_n in_o general_n may_v be_v add_v that_o of_o the_o whale_n the_o oil_n and_o fin_n of_o which_o serve_v for_o several_a uses_n they_o fish_n for_o the_o whale_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o greenland_n and_o spitsburg_n which_o be_v but_o seven_o or_o eight_o day_n voyage_n with_o a_o south_n wind_n a_o thing_n very_o frequent_a in_o holland_n whale_n fish_v be_v only_o once_o a_o year_n there_o sail_n from_o amsterdam_n and_o the_o neighbour_a town_n from_o the_o maose_n and_o wind_n above_o 200_o ship_n from_o 200_o to_o 250_o tun_n burden_n have_v each_o 35_o or_o 40_o man_n aboard_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o fishery_n the_o large_a whale_n yield_v about_o 7_o or_o 8_o tun_n of_o oil_n this_o oil_n thicken_v like_o hogs-lard_n and_o they_o use_v great_a quantity_n of_o it_o in_o the_o unite_a province_n especial_o the_o poor_a and_o labour_a people_n to_o burn_v in_o lamp_n and_o in_o make_v green_a soap_n a_o thing_n only_o in_o use_n in_o the_o low_a country_n artois_n and_o picardy_n those_o that_o make_v shammy_a leather_n of_o buck_n goat_n sheep_n and_n elk_n skin_n consume_v great_a quantity_n of_o this_o oil_n which_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a for_o this_o son_n of_o dress_n leather_n of_o any_o oil_n whatsoever_o be_v therefore_o they_o can_v well_o be_v without_o it_o the_o manufacture_n in_o the_o unite_a province_n employ_v as_o many_o people_n as_o the_o fishery_n it_o be_v incredible_a how_o many_o get_v their_o livelihood_n by_o both_o i_o have_v before_o observe_v that_o some_o manufacture_n be_v establish_v before_o the_o fishery_n but_o those_o manufacture_n be_v then_o very_o inconsiderable_a to_o what_o they_o be_v afterward_o the_o herring_n fishery_n in_o particular_a be_v so_o advantageous_a to_o the_o dutch_a that_o the_o sale_n of_o their_o fish_n bring_v into_o their_o country_n from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o use_v to_o dispose_v of_o they_o several_a unwrought_a good_n which_o they_o get_v finish_v at_o home_o by_o those_o vast_a number_n of_o workman_n of_o all_o sort_n who_o have_v flee_v hither_o from_o flanders_n brabant_n france_n germany_n and_o several_a other_o country_n on_o the_o account_n of_o persecution_n i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o exact_a particular_a of_o all_o the_o manufacture_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n it_o will_v be_v too_o prolix_a for_o the_o brevity_n of_o this_o treatise_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o no_o kingdom_n state_n or_o country_n in_o the_o world_n they_o be_v so_o numerous_a and_o flourish_a as_o in_o holland_n i_o shall_v take_v notice_n only_o of_o some_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a and_o such_o as_o sell_v best_a in_o other_o country_n though_o there_o be_v manufacture_n in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n yet_o they_o flourish_v most_o in_o the_o town_n of_o amsterdam_n leyden_n and_o harlem_n but_o amsterdam_n for_o number_n far_o exceed_v the_o other_o two_o in_o this_o last_o town_n they_o make_v clothes_n camlet_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o woollen_a and_o hair_n stuff_v as_o also_o all_o sort_n of_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n stuff_v and_o ribbon_n and_o be_v the_o best_a make_v in_o this_o town_n of_o any_o in_o all_o the_o province_n beside_o gild_a leather_n they_o work_v here_o all_o other_o sort_n as_o morocco_n shammy_n and_o many_o other_o sort_n and_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v say_v that_o die_v which_o be_v settle_v in_o several_a other_o town_n and_o place_n of_o these_o province_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o considerable_a manufacture_n of_o this_o republic_n there_o be_v also_o at_o amsterdam_n several_a house_n for_o refine_v sugar_n borax_n camphire_n cinnaber_n and_o sulphur_n several_a for_o whiten_v yellow_a wax_n a_o great_a many_o saw-mill_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o wood_n powder-mill_n snuff-mill_n mill_n to_o polish_v marble_n and_o mill_n to_o draw_v oil_n from_o several_a sort_n of_o seed_n in_o short_a one_o may_v say_v of_o amsterdam_n what_o vopiscus_n say_v of_o alexandria_n who_o after_o he_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o its_o manufacture_n add_v that_o all_o its_o inhabitant_n follow_v some_o trade_n that_o the_o lame_a and_o the_o gouty_a be_v employ_v and_o even_o those_o that_o have_v the_o gout_n in_o their_o hand_n do_v not_o sit_v idle_a the_o town_n of_o leyden_n without_o dispute_n be_v preferable_a to_o all_o other_o for_o all_o sort_n of_o woollen_a manufacture_n especial_o the_o fine_a sort_n as_o serge_n camlet_n and_o the_o like_a they_o tell_v you_o that_o these_o manufacture_n after_o the_o year_n 1400_o begin_v to_o grow_v in_o some_o esteem_n and_o the_o workman_n of_o ipres_n that_o flee_v from_o their_o own_o country_n settle_a themselves_o there_o but_o be_v that_o as_o it_o will_v every_o body_n agree_v they_o have_v not_o then_o that_o esteem_n till_o after_o the_o persecution_n for_o religion_n begin_v which_o effectual_o drive_v great_a number_n of_o workman_n from_o the_o province_n of_o flanders_n hainault_n and_o artois_n etc._n etc._n they_o make_v also_o good_a woollen_a stuff_n at_o harlem_n but_o they_o be_v much_o inferior_a to_o those_o of_o leyden_n which_o latter_a may_v undoubted_o pass_v for_o the_o best_a of_o europe_n in_o their_o kind_a the_o dutch_a have_v their_o wool_n from_o spain_n and_o england_n germany_n poland_n and_o the_o levant_n that_o sort_v of_o wool_n call_v vigogue_n from_o peru_n and_o that_o of_o coramania_n from_o persia_n the_o best_a silk_n be_v make_v at_o harlem_n and_o this_o manufacture_n in_o its_o kind_a be_v not_o inferior_a to_o the_o cloth_n manuufacture_n of_o leyden_n they_o make_v in_o this_o place_n coarse_a flower_a velvet_n linen_n silk_n gauze_n and_o in_o general_a all_o sort_n of_o slight_a silk_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a consumption_n in_o germany_n and_o all_o over_o the_o north_n portugal_n and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o prefer_v these_o silk_n and_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n brocades_n make_v here_o to_o those_o of_o france_n beside_o they_o be_v 15_o or_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_z cheap_a these_o manufacture_n in_o reality_n be_v not_o so_o beautiful_a nor_o so_o good_a as_o those_o of_o lion_n and_o tours_n but_o the_o difference_n in_o the_o piece_n make_v amends_o for_o that_o and_o make_v they_o go_v off_o better_o and_o though_o their_o workman_n want_v a_o genius_n for_o design_n and_o invention_n yet_o they_o no_o soon_o come_v from_o france_n but_o they_o imitate_v they_o to_o perfection_n they_o know_v how_o to_o work_v and_o finish_v they_o with_o all_o possible_a dexterity_n and_o neatness_n this_o add_v to_o their_o cheapness_n make_v other_o country_n rather_o make_v use_n of_o they_o beside_o the_o dutch_a import_n silk_n from_o italy_n the_o levant_n persia_n bengal_n tonquin_n and_o china_n the_o town_n of_o delft_n be_v a_o place_n famous_a for_o fine_a earthen_a ware_n in_o imitation_n of_o china_n horn_n be_v for_o deal_v in_o cheese_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o north_n of_o holland_n as_o also_o for_o large_a earthen_a or_o stone_n ware_n in_o dort_n and_o some_o other_o place_n there_o be_v house_n for_o refine_n salt_n and_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o place_n for_o spin_v and_o bleach_v thread_n sardam_n not_o far_o from_o amsterdam_n be_v certain_o the_o only_a place_n in_o the_o world_n where_o all_o sort_n of_o ship_n be_v build_v for_o the_o use_v of_o merchant_n not_o only_o of_o the_o unite_a province_n but_o of_o other_o country_n which_o cause_v a_o prodigious_a consumption_n of_o wood_n cordage_n mast_n sail_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o ship_n of_o which_o great_a number_n be_v daily_o sell_v to_o stranger_n ready_o build_v and_o fit_a for_o launch_v the_o dutch_a have_v their_o timber_n from_o muscovy_n norway_n the_o low_a germany_n pomerania_n and_o the_o province_n border_v on_o the_o baltic_a most_o of_o this_o timber_n be_v bring_v to_o sardam_n which_o be_v a_o village_n somewhat_o more_o than_o two_o league_n long_o who_o inhabitant_n be_v all_o carpenter_n and_o they_o be_v so_o skilful_a in_o their_o business_n that_o as_o it_o be_v credible_o report_v if_o they_o have_v three_o month_n notice_n beforehand_o they_o can_v every_o day_n
tallow_n bull_n and_o cow_n hide_n freeze_v and_o other_o woollen_a stuff_n the_o absolute_a necessity_n that_o the_o dutch_a have_v of_o the_o english_a port_n on_o the_o channel_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a reason_n that_o make_v they_o suffer_v that_o great_a inequality_n in_o the_o respective_a liberty_n of_o the_o trade_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n and_o to_o suit_n themselves_o to_o the_o law_n the_o english_a have_v make_v in_o relation_n thereto_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o trade_n with_o france_n the_o trade_n the_o dutch_a have_v with_o france_n since_o the_o establishment_n of_o their_o republic_n have_v be_v very_o considerable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o number_n quantity_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o merchandise_n they_o bring_v thither_o and_o carry_v thence_o every_o year_n that_o which_o france_n furnish_v they_o with_o be_v equal_o necessary_a to_o they_o for_o their_o own_o subsistence_n and_o their_o keep_n up_o their_o trade_n with_o other_o nation_n the_o principal_a thing_n they_o have_v from_o france_n be_v corn_n of_o all_o kind_n when_o the_o year_n be_v good_a wine_n of_o all_o sort_n particular_o those_o of_o grave_a champagne_n and_o burgundy_n honey_n saffron_n large_a and_o small_a chestnut_n hazel_n nut_n turpentine_n rozin_n crayon_n verdugrease_n soap_n wax_n cork_n carduus_fw-la to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v silk_n taffeta_n gold_n and_o silver_n tissue_n stuff_n of_o amiens_n chalons_n and_o rheims_n paper_n parchment_n hat_n small_a ware_n and_o iron_n ware_n both_o small_a and_o great_a and_o a_o world_n of_o other_o good_n which_o be_v as_o they_o call_v they_o the_o merchandise_n of_o paris_n as_o belt_n girdle_n comb_n looking-glass_n trinket_n toy_n glove_n and_o head-dress_n all_o these_o different_a sort_n of_o commodity_n be_v send_v by_o the_o dutch_a into_o all_o the_o province_n of_o the_o north_n germany_n the_o low_a country_n spain_n and_o portugal_n italy_n the_o levant_n the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o even_o the_o indies_n in_o short_a to_o all_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o world_n where_o these_o famous_a merchant_n have_v carry_v and_o extend_v their_o traffic_n they_o furnish_v the_o french_a in_o return_n with_o all_o sort_n of_o spice_n cloth_n drug_n as_o well_o for_o medicine_n as_o paint_v all_o sort_n of_o wood_n for_o die_v all_o sort_n of_o linen_n cloth_n etc._n etc._n they_o bring_v from_o the_o north_n copper_n steel_n brass_n wire_n tine_v plate_n or_o white_a iron_n cannon_n musket_n and_o other_o arm_n gunpowder_n sulphur_n matches_n russia_n leather_n fur_n flax_n hemp_n pitch_n and_o tar_n mast_n plank_n and_o other_o timber_n for_o build_v ship_n or_o house_n to_o these_o may_v be_v add_v herring_n and_o other_o salt_n fish_n butter_n cheese_n tallow_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o other_o merchandise_n to_o specify_v which_o will_v be_v very_o difficult_a and_o tedious_a the_o advantage_n and_o benefit_n france_n have_v find_v by_o that_o trade_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o state_n which_o unite_v she_o to_o his_o republic_n against_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n have_v make_v her_o favour_n such_o commerce_n in_o several_a treaty_n with_o the_o state_n and_o grant_v they_o many_o privilege_n this_o together_o with_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o two_o nation_n make_v the_o french_a trade_n very_o easy_a to_o the_o dutch_a beside_o the_o french_a be_v unskilled_a in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n the_o dutch_a only_o be_v employ_v in_o make_v trade_a voyage_n to_o all_o part_n this_o fill_v the_o french_a port_n continual_o with_o dutch_a vessel_n which_o ever_o be_v take_v off_o their_o superfluity_n and_o the_o vent_n of_o their_o commodity_n especial_o stuff_v and_o other_o home_n manufacture_n be_v very_o great_a and_o increase_v in_o proportion_n as_o the_o dutch_a have_v liberty_n to_o come_v into_o their_o port_n and_o harbous_a this_o make_v the_o french_a trade_n flourish_v very_o much_o and_o give_v a_o value_n to_o their_o manufacture_n the_o good_a understanding_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n begin_v to_o lessen_v when_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n be_v on_o foot_n and_o as_o the_o french_a at_o that_o time_n think_v they_o have_v reason_n to_o be_v displease_v with_o the_o dutch_a they_o refuse_v to_o renew_v the_o ancient_a treaty_n of_o commerce_n they_o let_v their_o pirate_n disturb_v their_o mediterranean_a trade_n which_o make_v people_n believe_v a_o war_n will_v have_v ensue_v at_o that_o time_n between_o the_o two_o nation_n and_o the_o french_a make_v they_o believe_v they_o will_v prohibit_v all_o dutch_a merchandise_n at_o least_o lay_v new_a duty_n on_o what_o shall_v come_v into_o their_o port_n mounseur_fw-fr boreel_n who_o be_v then_o their_o ambassador_n in_o france_n represent_v bold_o to_o that_o court_n that_o other_o people_n will_v be_v oblige_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o lay_v new_a duty_n on_o all_o french_a good_n which_o will_v infallible_o very_o much_o diminish_v their_o consumption_n and_o consequent_o be_v of_o prejudice_n to_o that_o kingdom_n the_o french_a pretend_v to_o be_v ignorant_a or_o perhaps_o be_v real_o so_o of_o the_o vast_a quantity_n of_o their_o merchandise_n that_o go_v out_o of_o their_o country_n to_o foreign_a part_n and_o tell_v he_o roundly_o that_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a as_o e_fw-la represent_v it_o to_o they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v only_o the_o interest_n of_o his_o country_n make_v he_o talk_v after_o that_o manner_n to_o undeceive_v they_o that_o gentleman_n make_v it_o appear_v to_o the_o court_n that_o their_o republic_n expend_v every_o year_n above_o thirty_o five_o million_o of_o livre_n in_o french_a comedy_n this_o be_v the_o account_n take_v out_o of_o the_o register_n of_o their_o customhouse_n in_o the_o year_n 1659._o and_o which_o that_o ambassador_n give_v in_o to_o the_o french_a court._n  _fw-fr liures_fw-fr in_o clothes_n velvet_n satin_n gold_n and_o silver_n tissue_n taffeta_n of_o lion_n ton_n and_o paris_n above_o six_o million_o 6000000_o silk_n ribbon_n silk_n and_o thread_n lace_n button_n lag_a lace_n make_v at_o paris_n and_o rouen_n and_o the_o town_n thereabouts_o 2000000_o castor_n vigones_n caudebeos_fw-la or_o hat_n of_o paris_n and_o rouen_n 1500000_o paris_n pendulum_n and_o watch_n and_o such_o like_a good_n two_o million_o 2000000_o glove_n from_o paris_n rouen_n and_o vendome_n above_o 1500000_o worsted_n spin_v in_o picardy_n above_o 1500000_o paper_n of_o all_o sort_n viz._n auvergne_n limosin_n poitou_n champagne_n and_o normandy_n 2000000_o pin_n and_o needle_n make_v at_o paris_n and_o in_o normandy_n ebony_n box_n and_o ivory_n combs_n 5000000_o small_a iron_n and_o steel_n ware_n from_o auvorgue_n 5000000_o linen_n from_o normandy_n and_o britain_n 5000000_o chamber_n furniture_n as_o bed_n quilt_n canopy_n blanket_n silk_n fringe_n 5000000_o wine_n of_o bourdeaux_n gascony_n xaintonge_n orleans_n anjou_n nantz_n etc._n etc._n 5000000_o brandy_n and_o vinegars_n 1500000_o saffron_n soap_n honey_n almond_n olive_n caper_n prune_n etc._n etc._n 2000000_o monsieur_n boreel_n add_v that_o beside_o this_o 5_o or_o 600_o vessel_n every_o year_n come_v lade_v from_o rochel_n marans_n brovage_n the_o isle_n of_o ree_n and_o oloron_n which_o he_o do_v not_o reckon_v no_o more_o than_o vast_a quantity_n of_o wheat_n and_o other_o corn_n and_o hemp_n which_o they_o transport_v to_o holland_n in_o plentiful_a year_n and_o often_o amount_v to_o six_o million_o 6000000_o this_o representation_n and_o other_o politic_a reason_n which_o be_v not_o my_o business_n to_o meddle_v with_o make_v the_o french_a change_n their_o style_n and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o talk_n of_o new_a duty_n and_o impost_n in_o short_a after_o long_a dispute_n upon_o the_o new_a duty_n of_o freight_n of_o 50_o sols_n per_fw-la tun_n the_o french_a in_o the_o year_n 1662._o sign_v a_o treaty_n of_o commerce_n with_o the_o state_n general_n and_o which_o be_v to_o be_v a_o last_a one_o this_o treaty_n make_v both_o the_o dutch_a and_o french_a merchant_n hope_v that_o a_o commerce_n so_o very_o useful_a and_o advantageous_a to_o the_o two_o nation_n will_v be_v considerable_o augment_v but_o their_o hope_n be_v frustrate_v and_o they_o see_v with_o sorrow_n it_o sensible_o lessen_v in_o the_o year_n 1667_o when_o the_o french_a increase_v the_o duty_n on_o foreign_a merchandise_n without_o have_v any_o manner_n of_o regard_n to_o the_o treaty_n of_o 1662._o they_o have_v for_o some_o year_n it_o seem_v entertain_v a_o notion_n that_o they_o can_v carry_v on_o a_o trade_n after_o a_o new_a unheard_a of_o method_n they_o pretend_v to_o sell_v their_o good_n to_o their_o neighbour_n and_o buy_v none_o of_o they_o it_o must_v be_v allow_v a_o fine_a project_n never_o can_v be_v invent_v to_o fill_v france_n with_o gold_n and_o silver_n i_o call_v it_o a_o fine_a not_o pernicious_a project_n but_o it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o unhappy_a experience_n it_o be_v
subject_n to_o philip._n the_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o trade_n after_o it_o thus_o expire_v take_v a_o resolution_n to_o look_v out_o for_o those_o good_n in_o asia_n africa_n and_o america_n which_o they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o sevill_n and_o lisbon_n and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o rise_v of_o that_o republic_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n philip_n the_o three_o have_v succeed_v his_o father_n philip_z the_o second_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n 1598._o see_v plain_o that_o all_o endeavour_n that_o be_v use_v to_o bring_v the_o dutch_a to_o a_o peace_n prove_v ineffectual_a resolve_v to_o forbid_v they_o all_o manner_n of_o trade_n whatsoever_o with_o his_o subject_n hope_v that_o by_o take_v away_o that_o which_o support_v they_o to_o that_o time_n in_o their_o war_n they_o will_v have_v no_o mind_n to_o continue_v it_o when_o they_o shall_v see_v themselves_o deprive_v of_o such_o support_n it_o be_v visible_a that_o all_o the_o riches_n of_o holland_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o navigation_n and_o trade_n and_o that_o their_o great_a traffic_n be_v with_o spain_n whither_o they_o not_o only_o carry_v the_o merchandise_n of_o their_o own_o state_n but_o corn_n from_o poland_n and_o other_o northern_a country_n that_o they_o may_v in_o exchange_n carry_v home_o vast_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n philip_n the_o three_o execute_v his_o edict_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o severity_n a_o very_a exact_a search_n be_v make_v all_o over_o spain_n for_o dutch_a merchant_n and_o sailor_n some_o of_o which_o be_v condemn_v to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n and_o the_o galley_n other_o be_v cruel_o put_v to_o death_n by_o several_a kind_n of_o torture_n this_o interdiction_n of_o commerce_n be_v likewise_o pulish_v in_o the_o low_a country_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o princess_n isabel_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n their_o sovereign_n the_o state_n general_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v not_o content_v with_o bare_o prohibit_v all_o commerce_n with_o spain_n they_o likewise_o forbid_v all_o other_o nation_n bring_v into_o their_o country_n any_o provision_n or_o other_o commodity_n whatsoever_o from_o spain_n declare_v that_o all_o that_o do_v so_o shall_v be_v esteem_v spanish_a partisan_n and_o be_v treat_v as_o enemy_n a_o copy_n of_o this_o declaration_n of_o the_o states-general_n be_v send_v to_o all_o prince_n that_o they_o may_v not_o pretend_v ignorance_n france_n come_v into_o the_o dutch_a scheme_n and_o declare_v that_o if_o after_o 6_o month_n any_o of_o her_o subject_n shall_v trade_v with_o spain_n they_o will_v in_o so_o do_v expose_v themselves_o to_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o the_o crown_n will_v not_o concern_v itself_o to_o remedy_n and_o the_o other_o power_n likewise_o acquiesce_v to_o this_o bold_a declaration_n notwithstanding_o these_o severe_a prohibition_n of_o the_o spaniard_n the_o dutch_a as_o before_o trade_v to_o all_o the_o spanish_a country_n by_o mean_n of_o passport_n the_o spaniard_n themselves_o give_v they_o for_o money_n which_o they_o often_o want_v to_o carry_v on_o their_o affair_n in_o short_a the_o truce_n of_o twelve_o year_n be_v conclude_v between_o spain_n and_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o the_o year_n 1609_o and_o by_o it_o the_o freedom_n of_o trade_n be_v reestablished_a between_o the_o two_o nation_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o trader_n of_o each_o nation_n shall_v pay_v no_o great_a duty_n than_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o ally_n of_o such_o nation_n who_o pay_v the_o low_a custom_n and_o that_o the_o dutch_a may_v be_v secure_v from_o apprehend_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o inquisition_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o liberty_n as_o be_v stipulate_v to_o the_o english_a some_o time_n before_o in_o the_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o velasco_n which_o the_o constable_n of_o castille_n have_v make_v with_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n and_o england_n the_o war_n that_o be_v revive_v in_o the_o year_n 1621._o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o that_o truce_n interrupt_v the_o trade_n of_o both_o nation_n till_o the_o year_n 1648_o when_o they_o conclude_v a_o perpetual_a peace_n at_o munster_n and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o trade_n the_o dutch_a drove_n with_o spain_n become_v much_o more_o considerable_a than_o ever_o by_o reason_n of_o those_o privilege_n that_o crown_v yield_v to_o they_o in_o that_o treaty_n those_o great_a advantage_n they_o offer_v the_o unite_a province_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a mean_n they_o make_v use_v of_o to_o draw_v the_o state_n from_o the_o french_a interest_n and_o to_o make_v a_o separate_a peace_n with_o they_o and_o which_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o save_n of_o that_o monarchy_n the_o dutch_a trade_n with_o spain_n continue_v from_o that_o time_n till_o now_o that_o be_v till_o the_o break_n out_o of_o this_o present_a war_n which_o begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1702_o on_o account_n of_o the_o partition_n treaty_n which_o be_v design_v to_o exclude_v philip_n v._o the_o present_a king_n from_o succeed_a charles_n ii_o who_o lawful_a heir_n and_o successor_n he_o be_v it_o be_v worth_a while_n to_o observe_v how_o reason_n of_o state_n have_v unite_v these_o two_o nation_n the_o most_o averse_a to_o each_o other_o in_o the_o world_n and_o who_o hatred_n especial_o that_o of_o the_o spaniard_n seem_v irreconciliable_a the_o spaniard_n favour_v the_o dutch_a in_o their_o trade_n as_o much_o as_o they_o possible_o can_v particular_o since_o the_o year_n 1667_o in_o hope_n to_o have_v ruin_v that_o of_o the_o french_a and_o they_o be_v not_o unsuccessful_a in_o that_o respect_n but_o the_o dutch_a trade_n never_o flourish_v so_o much_o in_o spain_n as_o since_o the_o war_n between_o france_n and_o holland_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1672_o to_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o present_a war_n for_o they_o not_o only_o furnish_v the_o spaniard_n with_o such_o good_n as_o they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o france_n but_o furnish_v themselves_o likewise_o from_o spain_n with_o what_o france_n use_v to_o supply_v they_o with_o before_o the_o several_a war_n of_o 1672_o and_o 1690._o the_o dutch_a trade_v very_o much_o to_o all_o those_o place_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o spain_n as_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n etc._n etc._n before_o this_o present_a war_n and_o which_o she_o have_v now_o lose_v as_o well_o as_o those_o which_o the_o french_a lose_v some_o time_n after_o that_o be_v to_o say_v during_o the_o three_o last_v campaign_n but_o their_o chief_a trade_n of_o all_o be_v that_o of_o cadiz_n and_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a be_v in_o that_o famous_a port_n of_o spain_n where_o the_o galleon_n be_v equipt_v out_o for_o peru_n and_o the_o flotilla_n for_o mexico_n and_o new_a spain_n and_o which_o return_n thither_o with_o their_o rich_a lade_n from_o those_o empire_n and_o bring_v almost_o all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n we_o see_v in_o europe_n however_o though_o the_o spaniard_n be_v the_o master_n of_o those_o country_n where_o gold_n and_o silver_n grow_v in_o such_o abundance_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o they_o have_v less_o of_o either_o than_o those_o nation_n that_o trade_n with_o they_o which_o show_v that_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n contribute_v much_o less_o to_o the_o enrich_n of_o a_o country_n than_o trade_n and_o commerce_n what_o follow_v be_v a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n the_o dutch_a use_v to_o carry_v into_o spain_n and_o bring_v thence_o before_o the_o last_o rupture_n that_o which_o they_o import_v consist_v chief_o of_o linen_n of_o all_o sort_n woollen_a stuff_n a_o great_a number_n of_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n stuff_v drug_n spice_n small_a iron_n wares_n mast_n and_o timber_n the_o linen_n bring_v into_o spain_n by_o foreigner_n ever_o be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o most_o considerable_a article_n of_o that_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o vast_a consumption_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o america_n the_o french_a furnish_v the_o spaniard_n a_o long_a time_n with_o this_o commodity_n i_o believe_v i_o shall_v not_o exceed_v the_o truth_n by_o affirm_v that_o this_o only_a article_n of_o the_o french_a commerce_n amount_v every_o year_n to_o about_o eight_o million_o of_o livre_n the_o linen_n that_o the_o dutch_a bring_v into_o spain_n be_v general_o of_o the_o fine_a sort_n that_o be_v make_v in_o overissel_n and_o about_o dovay_n and_o valenciennes_n they_o sell_v they_o in_o spain_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lawn_n and_o cambric_n they_o vend_v likewise_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o linen_n call_v perseilles_n and_o brabant_n it_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o coarse_a and_o serve_v the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n to_o wrap_v up_o good_n in_o beside_o this_o they_o sell_v a_o world_n of_o fine_a and_o coarse_a