like_a public_a matter_n of_o the_o state_n which_o deserve_v a_o public_a and_o peculiar_a regard_n of_o subject_n &_o state_n and_o take_v away_o the_o hatred_n of_o tax_n and_o imposition_n by_o render_v the_o same_o back_n again_o to_o the_o hand_n of_o particular_n and_o state_n good_a whereby_o profit_n honour_n and_o security_n arise_v four_o payment_n upon_o the_o due_a payment_n of_o soldier_n and_o man_n of_o martial_a affair_n the_o which_o argue_v discretion_n and_o high_a care_n to_o encounter_v infinite_a occasion_n of_o evil_n both_o grow_a in_o the_o commander_n as_o common_a soldier_n whereof_o a_o pry_a care_n must_v be_v have_v five_o offiser_n upon_o stranger_n as_o ambassador_n and_o such_o of_o foreign_a nobility_n as_o be_v thereby_o retain_v in_o love_n and_o office_n to_o be_v tenderer_n of_o the_o honour_n and_o weal_n of_o those_o state_n of_o visit_v prince_n and_o also_o upon_o officer_n and_o man_n of_o good_a desert_n within_o the_o state_n last_o politic_a upon_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o state_n itself_o for_o retain_v of_o friend_n or_o procure_v they_o by_o donative_n politic_a &_o lendinge_n out_o of_o which_o arise_v many_o secreate_v according_a to_o the_o several_a motion_n or_o action_n of_o a_o prince_n or_o state_n in_o virtuous_a or_o vicious_a dispend_v the_o same_o the_o last_o point_n of_o this_o common_a secret_a be_v to_o note_v what_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a treasure_n be_v evermore_o reserve_v in_o the_o state_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o dangerous_a thing_n in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o trouble_n to_o undertake_v business_n upon_o borrow_n or_o usury_n unless_o in_o special_a case_n so_o also_o it_o be_v perilous_a to_o assemble_v a_o great_a treasure_n then_o be_v meet_v for_o that_o cause_v subject_n oft_o to_o murmur_v if_o the_o same_o come_v from_o they_o or_o invit_v other_o state_n to_o pick_v quarrel_n to_o be_v nibble_v therewith_o last_o whether_o there_o be_v such_o niggardliness_n of_o the_o prince_n seek_v to_o spare_v treasure_n as_o he_o diminish_v much_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o household_n and_o also_o the_o majesty_n of_o his_o person_n whereof_o we_o read_v that_o king_n lewis_n the_o eleven_o of_o france_n who_o philip_n the_o comines_n so_o much_o extoll_v so_o far_o diminish_v his_o household_n as_o he_o forbid_v his_o noble_n to_o follow_v he_o in_o court_n at_o the_o least_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n as_o that_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o employ_v his_o tailor_n for_o his_o herald_n at_o arm_n his_o barber_n for_o a_o ambassador_n and_o his_o physician_n for_o chancellor_n and_o for_o his_o person_n he_o be_v so_o respectless_a as_o he_o continual_o wear_v a_o old_a course_n cloth_n cappe_n and_o leave_v a_o record_n for_o buy_v a_o pair_n of_o mean_a sleeve_n to_o a_o old_a plain_a doublet_n of_o he_o and_o also_o in_o his_o account_n be_v observe_v to_o pay_v xv_o penny_n for_o so_o much_o drip_v to_o grease_v his_o boot_n thus_o much_o concern_v the_o common_a secreat_n quaere_fw-la tamen_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la frugalitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la &_o propter_fw-la reip._n bonum_fw-la the_o accidental_a follow_v which_o be_v such_o as_o chance_v daily_o in_o or_o without_o a_o state_n accidental_a and_o that_o so_o diverse_o as_o that_o we_o can_v but_o give_v a_o assay_n or_o taste_v of_o they_o to_o traveller_n in_o this_o treatise_n for_o every_o action_n of_o the_o state_n wherein_o one_o travail_v or_o of_o other_o foreign_a state_n unfold_v secreate_v and_o be_v meet_a materialle_n to_o divine_a of_o future_a thing_n which_o now_o in_o the_o interim_n be_v to_o be_v require_v of_o traveller_n discern_v those_o accidental_a secret_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v in_o three_o thing_n namely_o in_o the_o person_n govern_v in_o the_o person_n govern_v and_o in_o the_o instrument_n from_o the_o person_n govern_v i_o observe_v these_o point_n first_o contract_n what_o be_v the_o negotiation_n and_o contract_n the_o state_n or_o prince_n offer_v and_o make_v with_o other_o state_n from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o which_o although_o they_o seem_v hard_a to_o come_v by_o yet_o discreet_a carriage_n and_o liberality_n will_v purchase_v they_o second_o inheritance_n what_o order_n every_o principality_n have_v in_o the_o succession_n of_o their_o governor_n whether_o by_o election_n or_o by_o inheritance_n the_o first_o ordain_v of_o a_o prince_n by_o election_n be_v good_a to_o avoid_v all_o such_o want_n and_o imperfection_n as_o reign_v ordinary_o in_o prince_n hereditary_a yet_o such_o corruption_n invade_v this_o age_n that_o seldom_o sovereign_a prince_n will_v constitute_v their_o vicegerent_n or_o elect_a prince_n of_o a_o other_o state_n a_o man_n popular_a or_o that_o be_v wise_a than_o themselves_o and_o seldom_o will_v subject_n that_o be_v few_o in_o number_n to_o make_v election_n elect_v man_n of_o more_o spirit_n wisdom_n &_o worthiness_n then_o themselves_o unless_o in_o special_a case_n whereof_o the_o college_n of_o the_o cardinal_n and_o the_o elector_n of_o the_o emperor_n find_v ease_n and_o profit_n those_o country_n that_o be_v by_o succession_n of_o inheritance_n be_v likewise_o of_o two_o sort_n general_a and_o special_a moreover_o under_o this_o main_a secret_n depend_v the_o insight_n into_o the_o law_n concern_v the_o dispose_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o will_n testament_n and_o device_n that_o be_v make_v by_o prince_n to_o bequeath_v the_o same_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o in_o right_n may_v be_v stretch_v three_o state_n concern_v state_n that_o go_v by_o inheritance_n let_v it_o be_v consider_v who_o be_v the_o next_o apparent_a heir_n to_o the_o state_n either_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o other_o pretence_n under_o which_o also_o let_v it_o be_v note_v how_o where_o and_o after_o what_o order_n those_o infant_n be_v bring_v up_o and_o what_o hope_v there_o be_v of_o they_o four_o rule_v what_o wisdom_n and_o discretion_n the_o prince_n be_v of_o whether_o he_o be_v wise_a enough_o to_o discern_v the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n subtle_a enough_o to_o perceive_v whether_o his_o council_n plot_v more_o for_o their_o own_o particular_n then_o for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o honour_n of_o their_o sovereign_n or_o whether_o he_o rule_v not_o all_o thing_n at_o his_o will_n without_o consult_v of_o his_o council_n what_o spirit_n he_o be_v of_o how_o studious_a to_o war_n and_o peace_n what_o care_n and_o order_v the_o prince_n take_v to_o see_v good_a justice_n do_v to_o every_o one_o and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o virtue_n that_o crown_v prince_n with_o honour_n and_o establish_v their_o government_n the_o like_a arise_v of_o the_o magistrate_n but_o the_o contrary_n must_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o imperfection_n &_o vice_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o magistrate_n mutatis_fw-la mutandis_fw-la last_o what_o choice_n of_o person_n the_o prince_n have_v about_o he_o for_o favourite_n and_o whether_o he_o carry_v a_o even_a hand_n among_o they_o by_o which_o secrette_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o ability_n and_o weakness_n may_v be_v conclude_v concern_v the_o person_n govern_v point_n our_o assay_n rest_v in_o six_o consideration_n first_o whether_o the_o people_n be_v give_v to_o much_o liberty_n and_o so_o suffer_v to_o continue_v as_o in_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o through_o italy_n second_o how_o they_o stand_v affect_v to_o their_o prince_n and_o government_n three_o whether_o the_o commons_o suppose_v not_o they_o see_v much_o into_o government_n and_o think_v themselves_o wise_a than_o the_o council_n of_o state_n the_o which_o be_v dangerous_a whether_o the_o same_o be_v derive_v from_o presumption_n of_o nature_n or_o from_o the_o inspection_n the_o people_n have_v into_o the_o governor_n carriage_n convert_n all_o thing_n to_o private_a commodity_n four_o how_o the_o people_n stand_v affect_v in_o rumour_n of_o war_n &_o like_a accident_n five_o who_o be_v the_o person_n in_o great_a favour_n and_o estimation_n among_o the_o people_n beside_o the_o prince_n last_o whether_o the_o nobility_n contemn_v not_o the_o commons_o and_o citizen_n and_o whether_o the_o commons_o hate_v and_o envy_v not_o the_o noble_n in_o outward_a show_n the_o which_o breed_v a_o great_a thirst_n after_o alteration_n either_o of_o religion_n or_o of_o policy_n the_o one_o spring_v from_o zeal_n the_o other_o from_o malcontednesse_n and_o factiousnesse_n the_o instrument_n follow_v point_n which_o likewise_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o many_o secret_n and_o may_v be_v include_v under_o eight_o head_n namely_o under_o dearth_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o land_n second_o dearth_n under_o mortality_n of_o man_n and_o the_o heavy_a hand_n of_o god_n on_o the_o people_n three_o mortality_n under_o the_o loss_n of_o ship_v lostes_n of_o munition_n and_o dominion_n four_o justice._n under_o the_o want_n of_o justice_n and_o good_a
be_v not_o much_o between_o the_o home_n state_n man_n not_o have_v spend_v some_o time_n in_o travail_n &_o the_o complete_a traveller_n for_o foreign_a matter_n yet_o herein_o have_v a_o traveller_n the_o start_n of_o a_o home_n state_n man_n which_o be_v feed_v by_o advertisement_n only_o and_o be_v lead_v by_o other_o man_n eye_n even_o as_o a_o soldier_n in_o action_n may_v presume_v of_o better_a event_n than_o the_o theorist_n who_o book_n rule_v in_o accidental_a thing_n fail_v many_o time_n as_o in_o particular_a motion_n for_o the_o eye_n have_v a_o more_o perfect_a sense_n in_o judgement_n then_o the_o ear_n if_o the_o same_o be_v right_o consider_v by_o judgement_n of_o these_o six_o the_o tongue_n be_v the_o first_o by_o right_a to_o be_v discourse_v of_o learn_v the_o right_a knowledge_n whereof_o be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o we_o require_v such_o to_o learn_v before_o they_o undertake_v travail_v for_o now_o in_o the_o interim_n of_o travail_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o traveller_n grow_v in_o perfection_n otherwise_o such_o as_o stay_v at_o home_n may_v rank_n with_o they_o which_o be_v reproachful_a the_o perfection_n whereof_o consist_v in_o three_o thing_n language_n namely_o in_o understanding_n speak_a and_o write_v the_o same_o to_o understand_v a_o tongue_n perfect_o tongue_n be_v not_o bare_o to_o understand_v what_o be_v read_v or_o hear_v pronounce_v but_o to_o observe_v the_o peculiar_a phrase_n idiom_n &_o construction_n of_o word_n and_o singular_o to_o note_v whereof_o the_o tongue_n have_v his_o special_a derivation_n if_o it_o be_v a_o derivative_n or_o his_o composition_n wherein_o traveller_n can_v be_v too_o good_a grammarian_n for_o in_o these_o day_n there_o be_v the_o true_a confusion_n of_o babel_n and_o language_n day_n through_o the_o world_n either_o derivative_o or_o compositive_o or_o both_o and_o though_o at_o all_o time_n the_o like_a may_v be_v avouch_v howsoever_o there_o be_v general_o hold_v many_o ancient_a tongue_n as_o the_o hebrew_n the_o chaldean_a or_o assyrian_a the_o arabian_a and_o the_o egyptian_a yet_o by_o their_o character_n and_o composition_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o they_o be_v all_o confound_v or_o perish_v save_v the_o hebrew_n which_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o spring_n from_o which_o the_o rest_n derivative_o or_o compositive_o be_v descend_v necessity_n and_o imitation_n be_v the_o parent_n of_o these_o and_o succeed_a language_n for_o adam_n the_o good_a grammarian_n of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n appropriate_v word_n not_o ad_fw-la placitum_fw-la but_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o frame_v a_o certain_a idiom_n of_o speech_n which_o in_o his_o day_n be_v general_o speak_v till_o the_o confusion_n of_o language_n so_o since_o other_o monarch_n of_o the_o world_n have_v excogitated_a word_n according_a to_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n and_o operation_n of_o thing_n unknown_a to_o perfect_v their_o derive_v language_n by_o composition_n and_o mere_a invention_n now_o character_n as_o we_o see_v the_o simple_a and_o uncorrupt_a hebrew_n tongue_n be_v the_o original_n to_o other_o language_n and_o singular_o to_o the_o phoenician_n chaldean_a &_o assyrian_a these_o two_o only_o differ_v in_o that_o the_o assyrian_a have_v the_o pure_a dialect_n and_o relish_n of_o the_o hebrew_n so_o every_o monarchy_n have_v arrogate_a the_o derivation_n and_o composition_n of_o the_o tongue_n subject_v unto_o they_o hereof_o it_o come_v that_o the_o four_o monarchiall_a tongue_n be_v account_v original_n by_o usurpation_n and_o not_o of_o propriety_n namely_o the_o chaldean_a or_o assyrian_a which_o in_o the_o first_o monarchy_n be_v famous_a &_o to_o particular_a state_n subject_v give_v word_n and_o manner_n of_o speech_n howbeit_o the_o armenian_a and_o arabian_a language_n hold_v their_o own_o though_o in_o some_o word_n and_o phrase_n they_o may_v be_v by_o commerce_n confound_v as_o we_o see_v other_o neighbour_n country_n through_o the_o world_n borrow_v and_o search_v from_o other_o to_o appropriate_v their_o tongue_n second_o so_o be_v it_o of_o the_o second_o monarchy_n the_o persian_a when_o not_o only_o the_o chaldean_a becane_n corrupt_v but_o that_o language_n also_o be_v drive_v to_o search_v after_o the_o phrase_n and_o word_n of_o the_o persian_a till_o the_o three_o monarchy_n come_v up_o by_o alexander_n namely_o three_o the_o grecian_a the_o singularity_n of_o which_o tongue_n for_o propriety_n of_o word_n have_v derive_v itself_o into_o the_o vein_n of_o all_o civil_a country_n but_o singular_o of_o state_n tributary_n make_v the_o four_o monarchy_n glorious_a namely_o the_o roman_a and_o this_o monarchy_n stretch_v itself_o far_o and_o near_o four_o we_o see_v the_o general_a esteem_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n through_o europe_n give_v as_o it_o be_v derivation_n unto_o the_o italian_a and_o spanish_a tongue_n with_o many_o proper_a and_o apt_a word_n make_v also_o france_n germany_n england_n and_o other_o isle_n &_o country_n fertile_a by_o the_o proper_a idiom_n of_o that_o tongue_n as_o tributary_n state_n to_o the_o same_o especial_o where_o colony_n or_o government_n be_v establish_v hereof_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o our_o english_a tongue_n have_v a_o smack_n of_o the_o britanish_n which_o be_v a_o derivative_n from_o the_o grecian_a or_o anatolian_a tongue_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n of_o the_o scottish_a and_o pictish_n of_o the_o danish_a gothish_n vandalish_n and_o norwegian_n of_o the_o norman_a and_o french_a tongue_n and_o also_o of_o the_o flemish_a and_o wallonish_a which_o though_o not_o by_o conquest_n yet_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o by_o permission_n have_v inhabit_v this_o land_n whereof_o our_o tongue_n relish_v also_o as_o in_o these_o day_n through_o commerce_n and_o affair_n of_o the_o italian_a and_o spanish_a and_o irish_a tongue_n howbeit_o we_o hold_v that_o the_o british_a tongue_n be_v one_o of_o the_o eleven_o mother_n tongue_n in_o europe_n in_o like_a sort_n stand_v the_o french_a tongue_n the_o italian_a spanish_a scottish_a and_o dutch_a though_o of_o other_o the_o most_o pure_a be_v fallat_n and_o good_a gallimaufry_n of_o other_o tongue_n according_a either_o as_o they_o have_v be_v conquer_v and_o govern_v by_o stranger_n or_o through_o comemerce_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o one_o another_o word_n and_o phrase_n whereof_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o every_o language_n in_o his_o own_o country_n be_v most_o honourable_a and_o equal_o ancient_a though_o it_o be_v a_o a_o derivative_n quoad_fw-la tempus_fw-la but_o not_o quoad_fw-la perfectionem_fw-la nevertheless_o we_o see_v some_o language_n more_o general_a than_o other_o &_o more_o esteem_v here_o in_o europe_n another_o and_o that_o for_o two_o cause_n one_o through_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n which_o make_v other_o neighbour_n nation_n of_o necessity_n acquaint_v themselves_o with_o one_o another_o language_n the_o which_o chance_v to_o few_o land_n that_o they_o may_v traffic_v and_o have_v commerce_n hence_o the_o french_a the_o high_a dutch_a and_o the_o sclavonian_a tongue_n be_v general_a tongue_n pass_v through_o many_o kingdom_n and_o state_n the_o like_a may_v also_o be_v allege_v for_o some_o other_o state_n within_o the_o continent_n that_o have_v be_v at_o any_o time_n great_a and_o enforce_v other_o to_o seek_v to_o they_o the_o other_o cause_n be_v through_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o tongue_n as_o of_o copiousnes_n &_o learning_n contain_v therein_o the_o which_o also_o make_v the_o same_o general_o to_o be_v regard_v for_o necessity_n of_o knowledge_n or_o for_o perfect_v their_o own_o barbarism_n hence_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a tongue_n be_v so_o general_o teach_v and_o learn_v through_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o word_n and_o phrase_n whereof_o be_v so_o well_o know_v that_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n negotiate_v and_o contract_v in_o write_v in_o the_o latin_a part_n as_o the_o turk_n with_o christian_a prince_n in_o the_o greek_a as_o also_o for_o that_o princess_n sovereign_n will_v not_o yield_v at_o this_o day_n the_o honour_n to_o other_o king_n than_o to_o those_o that_o be_v indifferent_a and_o can_v be_v challenge_v of_o any_o people_n and_o hence_o have_v the_o french_a and_o italian_n get_v the_o start_n of_o we_o in_o that_o their_o tongue_n be_v soon_o refine_v and_o cast_v into_o book_n of_o many_o art_n and_o history_n and_o point_n of_o knowledge_n though_o at_o this_o day_n the_o english_a tongue_n draw_v near_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o best_a of_o they_o last_o hence_o it_o come_v much_o that_o the_o young_a gentleman_n of_o england_n affect_v so_o much_o the_o italian_a tongue_n for_o that_o contain_v spirit_n of_o invention_n good_a phrase_n utterance_n and_o delightful_a matter_n to_o their_o appetite_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o point_n let_v traveller_n have_v make_v observance_n of_o these_o thing_n be_v concern_v the_o
moreover_o what_o inconstant_a luxuriousnesse_n and_o superfluity_n of_o uncivilitie_n in_o fashion_n and_o apparel_n touch_v the_o french_a the_o which_o except_o of_o we_o english_a be_v reprove_v of_o most_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n and_o among_o many_o barbarousness_n of_o manner_n how_o strange_a be_v that_o of_o the_o french_a man_n dissimulation_n to_o their_o very_a friend_n the_o which_o be_v leave_v also_o hereditary_a from_o the_o lumbards_n to_o the_o italian_n that_o have_v any_o education_n i_o fear_v i_o other_o nation_n travail_v thither_o will_v say_v that_o we_o begin_v to_o smell_v of_o that_o disease_n last_o what_o fencerlike_a and_o gladiatorious_a behaviour_n bemad_v the_o germane_a what_o corruption_n of_o manneâ—s_n generaly_a reign_n in_o the_o italian_n insomuch_o that_o other_o less_o accort_n country_n than_o we_o have_v this_o common_a proverb_n whereof_o it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o touch_v that_o of_o the_o german_n multi_fw-la germani_n rustici_fw-la in_o italiam_fw-la proficiscuntur_fw-la angeli_fw-la redeunt_fw-la diaboli_fw-la urbani_fw-la what_o inconstant_a countenance_n do_v these_o italian_n savour_n of_o what_o arrogancy_n and_o insolency_n discover_v the_o spaniard_n to_o his_o superior_a and_o equal_a what_o insupporrablenesse_n to_o his_o inferior_a and_o subject_a what_o falsehood_n may_v man_n find_v in_o the_o gelderlander_n whereas_o turk_n be_v heathen_n be_v keeper_n of_o promise_n what_o cruelty_n and_o tyranny_n do_v the_o spaniard_n and_o irish_a discover_v to_o their_o enemy_n what_o pride_n of_o the_o french_a what_o pertinacitie_n general_o do_v scholar_n courtier_n and_o soldier_n discover_v what_o inhospitalitie_n do_v the_o german_n keep_v what_o anger_n and_o hastiness_n of_o the_o irish_a yea_o of_o the_o poor_a kern_n thus_o by_o these_o example_n may_v a_o traveller_n survey_v the_o civility_n and_o barbarousness_n of_o nation_n in_o every_o virtue_n active_a or_o moral_a barbarousnes_n chief_o in_o the_o court_n and_o city_n for_o the_o country_n people_n relish_v of_o rudeness_n evermore_o though_o in_o some_o point_n they_o may_v serve_v for_o sampler_n of_o great_a civility_n and_o true_a carriage_n of_o the_o which_o a_o traveler_n must_v in_o particular_a make_v observance_n but_o consider_v that_o which_o be_v civility_n in_o one_o nation_n be_v unaccustomed_a and_o reject_v in_o other_o state_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v how_o a_o traveller_n shall_v demean_v himself_o to_o be_v complete_a follow_v and_o know_v which_o to_o retain_v the_o answer_n be_v easy_a for_o it_o be_v ever_o presuppose_a that_o it_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o office_n or_o of_o civility_n be_v in_o another_o nation_n to_o observe_v the_o fashion_n guise_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o same_o in_o thing_n indifferent_a and_o ceremonial_a although_o they_o grate_v on_o barbarism_n as_o superfluity_n of_o compliment_n and_o word_n such_o as_o the_o french_a and_o italian_n use_n the_o manner_n of_o eat_v and_o drink_v whether_o upon_o the_o ground_n lie_v along_o as_o in_o turkey_n and_o africa_n or_o stand_v the_o manner_n of_o salute_v with_o the_o hat_n on_o without_o bend_v of_o the_o knee_n without_o bow_v of_o the_o body_n without_o embrace_v without_o proffer_v of_o the_o hand_n without_o conjoin_v without_o kiss_v and_o such_o like_a external_a custom_n of_o indifferency_n become_v well_o enough_o the_o bound_n of_o every_o country_n for_o though_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n with_o we_o that_o those_o ceremony_n and_o civil_a use_n come_v neér_a to_o the_o point_n of_o true_a carriage_n and_o consequent_o most_o commendable_a that_o express_a humility_n and_o courtesy_n and_o increase_v affection_n of_o most_o kindness_n and_o humanity_n hence_o come_v our_o salutation_n bareheaded_a and_o hand_n kiss_v bow_a body_n and_o knee_n embrace_n conjoin_v and_o shake_v of_o the_o hand_n peculiar_a to_o great_a personage_n hence_o the_o italian_n and_o french_a have_v get_v probatum_fw-la of_o their_o humilious_a phrase_n and_o kind_a compliment_n of_o kiss_v their_o hand_n the_o spaniard_n of_o humble_o kiss_v the_o hand_n of_o those_o they_o respect_v and_o converse_v with_o man_n as_o woman_n the_o dutch_a in_o their_o carouse_v in_o like_a sort_n as_o we_o use_v in_o contract_n by_o imposition_n of_o hand_n and_o afterward_o by_o kiss_v they_o yet_o we_o see_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o italian_n can_v brook_v kiss_v open_o of_o woman_n nor_o the_o french_a be_v long_o bareheaded_a and_o in_o like_a expression_n other_o nation_n be_v as_o precise_a notwithstanding_o in_o the_o expression_n of_o moral_a virtue_n and_o vice_n a_o traveller_n must_v be_v so_o curious_a and_o grave_a that_o he_o not_o only_o beware_v to_o commit_v sin_n and_o do_v as_o the_o people_n do_v but_o cleave_v whole_o to_o the_o virtue_n and_o mean_a of_o thing_n abhor_v blaspheme_a swear_v rail_a malreport_v and_o such_o like_a vice_n of_o the_o tongue_n as_o of_o all_o other_o action_n and_o custom_n of_o wickedness_n which_o be_v evil_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n without_o circumstance_n and_o these_o traveller_n have_v prerogative_n of_o other_o nation_n to_o prescribe_v against_o many_o though_o indifferent_a and_o against_o all_o evil_a custom_n that_o swerve_v from_o the_o rule_n of_o nature_n &_o humanity_n thus_o have_v long_o stay_v upon_o this_o haunt_n of_o the_o first_o discoverer_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o people_n nature_n the_o second_o offer_v itself_o for_o the_o traveller_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o people_n be_v free_a or_o servile_a for_o all_o people_n consider_v as_o subject_n be_v one_o of_o these_o two_o political_a and_o though_o by_o nature_n large_o consider_v one_o man_n be_v equal_o so_o free_a as_o another_o none_o more_o servile_a for_o servitude_n be_v politic_a yet_o we_o see_v some_o people_n politic_o servile_a as_o free_v some_o more_o some_o less_o according_a to_o the_o alteration_n of_o time_n and_o thing_n by_o the_o word_n servile_a &_o free_a then_o be_v mean_v not_o the_o natural_a since_o all_o by_o nature_n be_v servile_a to_o sin_n and_o unrighteousness_n and_o be_v equal_o free_a from_o misery_n and_o subjection_n but_o the_o political_a which_o make_v some_o people_n free_a in_o regard_n of_o misery_n and_o servitude_n and_o other_o servile_a to_o slavery_n misery_n and_o subjection_n now_o see_v all_o people_n of_o a_o state_n be_v under_o subjection_n in_o generality_n in_o this_o place_n the_o nature_n of_o a_o people_n must_v be_v seek_v out_o of_o such_o as_o be_v free_a from_o slavery_n and_o misery_n misery_n and_o of_o those_o that_o be_v seruil_v unto_o they_o of_o people_n free_a in_o this_o sense_n there_o be_v some_o by_o prescription_n enfranchise_v prescription_n the_o government_n of_o who_o state_n by_o good_a law_n have_v make_v they_o free_a from_o long_a misery_n or_o slavery_n such_o be_v the_o commons_o and_o nobility_n of_o this_o land_n who_o freedom_n be_v such_o as_o they_o enjoy_v their_o own_o thing_n so_o free_o as_o the_o prince_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o state_n of_o france_n and_o germany_n and_o of_o other_o well_o order_v common_a wealth_n moreover_o such_o freedom_n general_o reign_v in_o france_n as_o with_o we_o here_o in_o kent_n that_o what_o slave_n or_o bondman_n shall_v but_o land_n in_o france_n be_v immediate_o make_v free_a and_o whosoever_o abide_v one_o year_n in_o kent_n shall_v be_v ever_o after_o enfranchised_a moreover_o there_o be_v other_o free_a by_o arrogation_n arrogation_n who_o according_a to_o the_o state_n of_o time_n and_o thing_n licentious_o use_v their_o liberty_n such_o in_o time_n past_a be_v the_o people_n of_o denmark_n who_o force_n be_v their_o law_n in_o so_o much_o that_o their_o prince_n hold_v his_o royalty_n at_o their_o placitum_fw-la for_o if_o at_o any_o time_n they_o mislike_v any_o of_o his_o action_n he_o be_v instant_o depose_v and_o a_o other_o set_v in_o his_o place_n such_o at_o this_o day_n be_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o venetian_n that_o they_o seem_v to_o bear_v a_o hard_a hand_n over_o their_o duke_n and_o such_o be_v the_o common_a nature_n of_o every_o democracie_n and_o aristocracy_n last_o policy_n there_o be_v some_o who_o policy_n and_o state_n have_v continue_v they_o in_o much_o freedom_n from_o misery_n and_o slavery_n as_o ever_o strive_v against_o servitude_n such_o be_v the_o sclavonian_n the_o swisser_n and_o the_o lumbards_n the_o neapolitan_n in_o the_o roman_a government_n in_o so_o much_o as_o these_o people_n be_v ever_o confederate_n with_o that_o mighty_a empire_n yet_o dare_v they_o give_v succour_n to_o the_o banish_a from_o rome_n such_o be_v the_o hungarian_n against_o the_o turk_n such_o general_o be_v the_o nobility_n of_o most_o christian_a state_n who_o as_o libertine_n be_v ever_o out_o of_o tyranny_n before_o the_o commons_n such_o be_v the_o spaniard_n that_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o be_v make_v slave_n and_o such_o be_v the_o natural_a affect_v of_o those_o
this_o land_n and_o of_o france_n or_o in_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n as_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o venetian_a and_o genoa_n state_n moreover_o with_o who_o they_o vent_v that_o which_o be_v superfluous_a in_o their_o town_n from_o what_o other_o place_n they_o ordinary_o bring_v such_o thing_n as_o they_o want_v and_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o and_o whether_o they_o be_v drive_v to_o carry_v out_o their_o own_o commodity_n or_o be_v seek_v unto_o by_o foreign_a part_n let_v these_o thing_n suffice_v till_o the_o government_n of_o the_o state_n in_o general_n shall_v offer_v itself_o to_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o five_o part_n to_o which_o we_o do_v refer_v traveller_n that_o make_v doubt_n of_o any_o thing_n considerable_a in_o town_n or_o city_n the_o seven_o and_o last_o consideration_n then_o of_o city_n be_v of_o the_o privilege_n immunity_n liberty_n and_o freedom_n of_o they_o whether_o colonies_n municipial_n prefecture_n city_n confederate_a assembly_n and_o such_o like_a now_o the_o other_o part_n of_o artificial_a building_n rest_v to_o our_o traveller_n discover_v namely_o of_o fortification_n of_o which_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o true_a survey_n of_o they_o be_v in_o many_o state_n very_o dangerous_a we_o have_v observe_v for_o the_o better_a ease_n and_o security_n of_o traveller_n three_o safe_a way_n to_o pry_v into_o the_o secret_n of_o they_o if_o access_n be_v inhibit_v first_o to_o learn_v what_o be_v fortify_v hold_n within_o the_o land_n and_o what_o front_n and_o coast_n the_o sea_n and_o where_o seat_v moreover_o within_o the_o land_n whether_o they_o stand_v upon_o river_n or_o water_n or_o be_v build_v for_o other_o purpose_n than_o for_o the_o war_n and_o natural_a defence_n of_o the_o land_n whereof_o in_o most_o state_n there_o have_v be_v diverserect_v as_o by_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n for_o their_o private_a use_n and_o for_o civil_a war_n fortify_v &_o singular_o in_o france_n where_o the_o nobless_n for_o their_o private_a safeguard_n have_v many_o strong_a hold_n as_o other_o nation_n that_o a_o long_a season_n have_v either_o fear_v enemy_n fortification_n or_o seek_v freedom_n from_o subjection_n whereof_o we_o have_v of_o late_a time_n experience_n by_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o low_a country_n people_n the_o second_o consider_v the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a strength_n of_o they_o the_o natural_a attribute_n defence_n unto_o a_o place_n in_o regard_n of_o situation_n which_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o hill_n rock_n or_o water_n that_o make_v the_o same_o unaccessable_a or_o defenceable_a whereof_o we_o have_v a_o wonderful_a example_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o sarke_n in_o our_o brutish_a sea_n which_o be_v by_o nature_n so_o fortify_v as_o one_o man_n may_v defend_v the_o same_o isle_n against_o the_o great_a army_n that_o be_v able_a to_o come_v against_o it_o of_o like_a defence_n be_v in_o some_o respect_n the_o castle_n of_o garnsey_n &_o for_o a_o land_n army_n the_o city_n of_o venice_n and_o of_o mexico_n in_o west_n india_n moreover_o let_v it_o be_v consider_v whether_o equal_o in_o all_o place_n as_o the_o aforenamed_a or_o but_o on_o some_o side_n that_o defence_n grow_v as_o that_o of_o dover_n castle_n to_o the_o seaward_n and_o towards_o the_o town_n likewise_o what_o other_o natural_a strength_n be_v within_o as_o plenty_n of_o ground_n to_o preserve_v victual_n good_a spring_n that_o can_v be_v withdraw_v or_o corrupt_v &_o such_o like_a which_o natural_o do_v fortify_v place_n great_o in_o time_n of_o besieging_n now_o the_o artificial_a strength_n of_o fort_n consist_v in_o y_z e_o matter_n or_o form_n and_o figure_n whether_o without_o or_o within_o touch_v the_o matter_n &_o substance_n of_o every_o particular_a let_v it_o be_v question_v whether_o they_o be_v of_o old_a or_o new_a erection_n for_o the_o old_a in_o time_n past_a be_v make_v of_o stone_n brick_n or_o such_o like_a hard_a stuff_n which_o now_o in_o the_o perfection_n of_o artillery_n be_v more_o easy_a to_o be_v batter_v than_o fort_n of_o earth_n &_o be_v find_v more_o hurtful_a to_o the_o friend_n within_o &_o favourable_a to_o the_o enemy_n yet_o in_o special_a case_n where_o artillery_n can_v come_v to_o batter_v be_v notwithstanding_o momentable_a the_o which_o if_o it_o be_v well_o consider_v seldom_o shall_v man_n find_v old_a fortification_n but_o they_o be_v even_o seat_v so_o as_o artillery_n can_v not_o play_v upon_o they_o in_o like_a sort_n be_v those_o new_a fortification_n to_o be_v consider_v of_o what_o matter_n for_o of_o earth_n there_o be_v diverse_a sort_n to_o make_v good_a fortification_n of_o what_o greatness_n largeness_n thickness_n depth_n and_o height_n be_v the_o member_n of_o they_o as_o wall_n vammure_n rampart_n curtain_n cavallir_n parapet_n counterscarp_n mount_n platform_n trench_n ditch_n &c_n &c_n and_o how_o replenish_v with_o water_n what_o sluice_n what_o saleis_n what_o droit_fw-fr and_o oblique_a passage_n be_v to_o the_o same_o the_o which_o discreet_a question_n &_o good_a judgement_n of_o the_o eye_n shall_v inform_v a_o traveller_n of_o touch_v the_o form_n and_o figure_n of_o fort_n that_o be_v either_o regular_a or_o irregular_a the_o regular_a be_v either_o rotund_n quadrat_n pentagonons_n hexagonons_n &c._n &c._n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o fort_n every_o part_n answer_v in_o correspondency_n the_o irregular_a retain_v those_o form_n which_o most_o natural_o may_v help_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o place_n yet_o answerable_a one_o to_o another_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o fortification_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o notable_a piece_n of_o work_n for_o example_n in_o that_o in_o ostend_n in_o flanders_n and_o for_o better_a judgement_n herein_o let_v it_o not_o be_v grievous_a to_o any_o traveller_n if_o so_o he_o happen_v into_o the_o war_n to_o observe_v the_o notable_a mean_n be_v take_v in_o the_o field_n by_o good_a soldier_n for_o the_o fortify_v of_o their_o camp_n daily_o after_o this_o irregular_a distribution_n now_o the_o last_o of_o these_o 3_o that_o pray_v into_o the_o fortification_n of_o country_n be_v to_o understand_v what_o captain_n &_o soldier_n ordinary_o belong_v to_o they_o their_o munition_n their_o pay_v &_o final_o their_o ordinance_n &_o privilege_n let_v these_o thing_n suffice_v for_o the_o first_o of_o the_o artifical_a commodity_n of_o the_o country_n the_o second_o be_v that_o of_o trade_n six_o and_o mechanical_a science_n the_o which_o be_v fashioner_n and_o finisher_n of_o handicraft_n work_v make_v through_o man_n invention_n &_o be_v in_o number_n six_o for_o a_o traveller_n to_o consider_v of_o through_o which_o all_o commodity_n pass_v and_o repass_v namely_o husbandry_n clothe_v masonry_n carpentry_n smithery_a &_o engine_v these_o be_v general_a head_n whereunto_o all_o other_o trade_n of_o necessary_a observation_n may_v be_v refer_v that_o accommodate_v a_o land_n let_v we_o take_v husbandry_n for_o a_o example_n under_o which_o be_v comprise_v the_o science_n of_o garden_v of_o plant_v and_o graft_v of_o manure_v of_o graze_v of_o breed_v and_o cherish_v of_o vegetable_n plant_n beast_n and_o such_o like_a foster_a science_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o creature_n but_o singular_o of_o man_n upon_o which_o also_o other_o infinite_a trade_n depend_v whereof_o we_o will_v omit_v to_o speak_v point_n but_o to_o our_o point_n in_o hand_n a_o traveller_n shall_v discern_v the_o husbandry_n of_o each_o country_n in_o three_o point_n first_o by_o observe_v what_o corn_n and_o grain_n the_o country_n yield_v general_o and_o that_o with_o what_o pain_n and_o mean_v the_o land_n be_v till_v and_o manure_v what_o usual_a increase_n the_o land_n yield_v and_o such_o like_a whereof_o there_o be_v such_o difference_n as_o be_v almost_o incredible_a yea_o between_o set_v and_o sow_v second_o what_o cattle_n be_v usual_o breed_v there_o for_o the_o state_n aswell_o of_o the_o land_n as_o of_o other_o country_n as_o in_o muscovie_n and_o poland_n bee_n in_o the_o low_a country_n cow_n in_o england_n sheep_n and_o such_o like_a last_o what_o fruit_n the_o country_n yield_v as_o grape_n wine_n oil_n apple_n pear_n plum_n orange_n lemon_n nut_n and_o such_o like_a and_o last_o with_o what_o fuel_n the_o land_n most_o abound_v touch_v the_o second_o mechanical_a trade_n clothe_v namely_o clothe_v a_o traveller_n must_v note_v what_o special_a stuff_n that_o country_n yield_v for_o the_o same_o whether_o of_o leather_n fur_n beast_n skin_n hair_n flax_n wool_n bark_v of_o tree_n bombasie_n silk_n gold_n silver_n or_o such_o like_a and_o also_o how_o the_o same_o be_v employ_v for_o garment_n or_o otherwise_o so_o the_o three_o masonry_n which_o be_v masonry_n require_v the_o knowledge_n of_o such_o as_o be_v worker_n of_o stone_n brick_n or_o mortar_n &_o their_o artificial_a composition_n and_o symmetry_n the_o four_o carpentry_n which_o be_v carpentrie_n
to_o decree_v war_n or_o peace_n or_o to_o enter_v into_o treaty_n concern_v they_o the_o three_o be_v to_o institute_v and_o ordain_v principal_a officer_n the_o four_o be_v to_o have_v the_o last_o appeal_v which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o true_a mark_n of_o sovereignty_n under_o which_o depend_v the_o power_n to_o grant_v pardon_n to_o the_o condemn_a by_o course_n of_o law_n in_o favour_n to_o redress_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n and_o formal_a proceed_n of_o magistrate_n whether_o concern_v life_n good_n honour_n banishment_n or_o liberty_n in_o all_o which_o traveller_n shall_v find_v in_o most_o state_n great_a defect_n in_o few_o all_o absolute_o for_o concern_v the_o first_o what_o honourable_a prince_n not_o name_v the_o pope_n the_o turk_n the_o tartarian_a and_o such_o like_a tyrant_n of_o himself_o without_o associate_n decree_v law_n and_o not_o without_o good_a cause_n for_o it_o note_v justice_n and_o desire_v to_o govern_v aright_o knit_v the_o subject_n to_o their_o prince_n nevertheless_o we_o see_v that_o in_o former_a time_n the_o prince_n of_o this_o land_n and_o of_o france_n as_o of_o òth_a state_n do_v constitute_v of_o themselves_o many_o good_a law_n in_o force_n at_o this_o day_n so_o touch_v the_o second_o there_o be_v some_o state_n that_o by_o custom_n and_o willingness_n to_o complease_v their_o subject_n will_v seldom_o make_v war_n or_o entertain_v peace_n without_o private_a consent_n of_o their_o council_n or_o general_a debate_v of_o the_o parliament_n likewise_o of_o the_o three_o there_o be_v among_o state_n and_o governement_n a_o great_a diversity_n in_o the_o institute_n and_o ratify_v of_o principal_a officer_n which_o custom_n have_v be_v bring_v from_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n no_o doubt_n for_o the_o show_n of_o the_o commonweal_n good_a so_o the_o same_o be_v not_o transport_v to_o foreign_a state_n as_o the_o pope_n arrogate_v in_o ecclesiastical_a promotion_n and_o touch_v the_o last_o point_n we_o see_v also_o how_o great_a prince_n be_v strip_v of_o their_o sovereignty_n reigntie_n by_o the_o pope_n in_o matter_n of_o appeal_n of_o give_v pardon_n and_o such_o like_a regality_n to_o subject_n and_o great_a offender_n against_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n thus_o in_o these_o let_v traveller_n every_o where_o make_v observation_n how_o of_o custom_n either_o the_o state_n do_v hold_v their_o sovereignty_n or_o how_o by_o like_a custom_n they_o have_v abbridge_v or_o lose_v their_o mark_n of_o absoluteness_n last_o let_v it_o be_v consider_v of_o the_o custom_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o a_o nation_n the_o chief_a whereof_o rest_v in_o their_o superiority_n and_o pre-eminence_n in_o sit_v nobility_n go_v talk_a eat_a wash_a subscribe_v arrogate_a peculiar_a phrase_n and_o order_n of_o stile_n in_o writing_n and_o such_o like_a all_o which_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v by_o time_n place_n and_o person_n that_o thus_o and_o by_o a_o customary_a duty_n and_o respect_n honour_v each_o other_o wherein_o if_o traveller_n will_v be_v very_a judicial_a they_o have_v need_v to_o be_v good_a herald_n and_o studious_a in_o the_o customary_a law_n and_o discipline_n of_o arm_n of_o that_o nation_n hitherto_o concern_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o a_o nation_n so_o brief_o as_o we_o can_v to_o the_o unexpert_a in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o country_n the_o five_o point_n of_o knowledge_n now_o offer_v itself_o which_o be_v concern_v the_o government_n of_o the_o country_n 5_o the_o government_n have_v a_o twofold_a manage_n thereof_o government_n the_o one_o exterior_a and_o discernible_a the_o other_o interior_a secret_a and_o private_a only_o in_o a_o wise_a state_n to_o the_o counsel_n thereof_o or_o only_o lodge_v in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o prince_n which_o to_o a_o wise_a prince_n be_v a_o high_a point_n of_o politic_a government_n of_o this_o interior_a we_o will_v give_v traveller_n a_o secret_a taste_n in_o the_o last_o part_n namely_o in_o the_o secret_n for_o the_o object_n of_o a_o traveller_n be_v proper_o the_o public_a and_o reveal_v government_n in_o this_o government_n three_o thing_n concur_v first_o government_n the_o person_n govern_v second_o the_o people_n govern_v last_o the_o common_a and_o special_a policy_n or_o instrument_n that_o subsist_v for_o the_o establish_n of_o a_o common_a good_a towards_o all_o man_n by_o the_o virtue_n whereof_o life_n health_n peace_n prosperity_n and_o happiness_n without_o interruption_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o body_n politic_a whereas_o the_o defect_n and_o vicious_a order_n of_o thing_n soon_o corrode_v or_o put_v the_o same_o into_o a_o consumption_n irrevocable_a govern_v concern_v the_o person_n govern_v we_o object_n to_o traveller_n a_o triple_a consideration_n according_a to_o the_o threefold_a diversity_n of_o commonweal_n for_o by_o the_o person_n govern_v we_o mean_v also_o those_o simple_a variable_a three_o form_n of_o government_n government_n namely_o the_o monarchial_a which_o be_v when_o the_o sovereignty_n and_o supreme_a authority_n without_o controlment_n rest_v in_o one_o person_n or_o prince_n as_o in_o our_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n the_o aristocratical_a be_v when_o as_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o people_n or_o of_o the_o nobility_n have_v the_o sovereignty_n in_o body_n give_v law_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o people_n in_o general_a and_o particular_a as_o the_o signiory_n of_o venice_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o the_o low_a country_n and_o the_o democraticall_a or_o popular_a estate_n which_o be_v when_o as_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o great_a part_n thereof_o in_o body_n have_v the_o sovereign_n authority_n which_o have_v need_v to_o be_v well_o consider_v of_o traveller_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o as_o they_o see_v great_a learned_a man_n confound_v or_o deceive_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o they_o for_o neither_o the_o quality_n of_o person_n can_v change_v the_o nature_n or_o number_n of_o they_o nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o mix_a state_n of_o form_n and_o continuance_n but_o either_o by_o grant_v permission_n communication_n association_n or_o assignation_n of_o the_o sovereign_n power_n to_o the_o member_n subject_a but_o lest_o traveller_n may_v be_v mislead_v by_o the_o opinion_n of_o other_o let_v they_o observe_v diligent_o in_o what_o person_n and_o in_o which_o of_o these_o those_o four_o mark_n of_o sovereignty_n before_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n do_v reign_n which_o here_o for_o brevity_n i_o omit_v especial_o the_o order_n of_o officer_n the_o decree_a of_o peace_n and_o war_n and_o take_v of_o appeal_v but_o for_o the_o publish_n of_o law_n the_o most_o civil_a state_n for_o the_o better_a security_n of_o they_o and_o content_a of_o the_o people_n be_v ever_o assist_v in_o monarchy_n with_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o in_o some_o state_n also_o for_o the_o better_a dispatch_n of_o thing_n many_o of_o the_o other_o three_o mark_n be_v commit_v but_o yet_o restrictive_o and_o under_o controlment_n wherefore_o let_v traveller_n consider_v now_o these_o thing_n aright_o and_o prove_v the_o censure_n of_o other_o man_n by_o those_o mark_n of_o sovereignty_n which_o invest_v the_o form_n with_o supreme_a power_n moreover_o in_o the_o second_o place_n let_v traveller_n note_v what_o principal_a officer_n be_v in_o the_o commitment_n ordain_v to_o help_v the_o motion_n and_o government_n of_o the_o helm_n of_o the_o state_n and_o last_o how_o far_o their_o several_a office_n do_v extend_v for_o the_o better_a insight_n into_o which_o there_o may_v be_v gather_v a_o triple_a consideration_n of_o officer_n namely_o first_o such_o as_o stand_v by_o ancient_a right_n and_o custom_n as_o those_o which_o we_o call_v officer_n at_o the_o common_a law_n second_o such_o as_o have_v their_o authority_n by_o commission_n and_o that_o from_o the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n sovereign_n last_o such_o as_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o undergo_v any_o business_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonweal_n final_o let_v traveller_n be_v careful_a to_o observe_v the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o make_v &_o publish_v of_o law_n there_o use_v the_o course_n of_o entertain_v war_n the_o ordinary_a policy_n use_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n concern_v preparation_n for_o war_n defensive_a and_o offensive_a the_o common_a course_n of_o proceed_v in_o justice_n and_o judgement_n the_o place_n and_o time_n and_o minister_n the_o fashion_n of_o punish_v &_o reward_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n according_a to_o their_o desert_n and_o such_o like_a appurtenance_n &_o appendix_n of_o the_o government_n let_v these_o suffice_v for_o the_o person_n govern_v the_o people_n govern_v we_o cast_v into_o six_o mould_n govern_v namely_o into_o that_o of_o husbandman_n of_o handicraft_n man_n and_o labourer_n of_o merchant_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o stipendarie_n
soldier_n and_o of_o ecclesiastical_a person_n as_o touch_v the_o three_o first_o of_o these_o the_o law_n of_o most_o state_n will_v discover_v how_o they_o be_v govern_v but_o as_o concern_v the_o nobility_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n they_o assume_v in_o most_o state_n much_o liberty_n of_o who_o let_v it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o our_o traveller_n to_o note_v how_o they_o live_v and_o what_o they_o be_v incline_v unto_o and_o as_o concern_v stipendarie_n soldier_n if_o the_o state_n afford_v any_o let_v it_o be_v consider_v how_o they_o be_v discipline_v and_o by_o who_o their_o number_n their_o privilege_n and_o last_o their_o entertainment_n now_o instrument_n the_o last_o point_n to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o government_n concern_v the_o common_a and_o special_a policy_n or_o instrument_n whereby_o the_o governor_n convey_v nourishment_n unto_o the_o govern_v to_o uphold_v the_o common_a health_n of_o the_o state_n policy_n or_o to_o pluck_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o knee_n these_o special_a policy_n or_o instrument_n may_v be_v survey_v of_o traveller_n in_o three_o thing_n first_o in_o the_o goodness_n or_o illnesse_n of_o the_o country_n law_n and_o custom_n second_o in_o the_o accident_n that_o move_v the_o sovereign_a power_n for_o the_o present_a stand_n of_o thing_n to_o constitute_v and_o decree_v timely_a and_o broche_z such_o policy_n as_o may_v encounter_v cure_n and_o remove_v any_o disease_n surfaite_v or_o distemperature_n grow_v or_o grow_v in_o the_o body_n politic_a till_o by_o a_o law_n those_o inconvenience_n may_v be_v prevent_v the_o contrary_n will_v chance_v where_o such_o defect_n reign_v last_o in_o the_o due_a execution_n of_o such_o law_n as_o be_v enact_v and_o in_o force_n the_o which_o unite_v or_o disjoin_v the_o body_n most_o firm_o or_o in_o piecemeale_n so_o as_o there_o can_v but_o arise_v from_o the_o one_o a_o sweet_a and_o tuneable_a harmony_n of_o government_n and_o from_o the_o other_o all_o jar_n and_o discord_n the_o which_o shall_v minister_v to_o traveller_n plenty_n of_o matter_n to_o plot_n policy_n upon_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o policy_n the_o six_o and_o last_o point_n of_o knowledge_n now_o remain_v secret_n which_o be_v of_o the_o secret_n of_o the_o state_n where_o man_n travail_n the_o singular_a point_n that_o ennoble_v a_o traveller_n above_o the_o home-politician_n &_o the_o foundation_n of_o momentall_a policy_n the_o secret_n be_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v neither_o note_v nor_o learn_v of_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n of_o people_n they_o be_v notwithstanding_o common_a and_o accidental_a the_o which_o do_v oft_o change_v one_o into_o another_o the_o common_a secret_n sort_n rest_v in_o two_o point_n in_o the_o intelligence_n of_o such_o as_o be_v foreign_a friend_n newter_n or_o enemy_n to_o the_o country_n wherein_o one_o travail_v and_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o ordinary_a strength_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o country_n in_o which_o man_n travail_n the_o first_o of_o these_o consider_v friend_n foreign_a newter_n and_o enemy_n out_o of_o which_o though_o there_o be_v several_a secret_n to_o be_v extract_v yet_o we_o will_v for_o brevity_n give_v our_o traveller_n a_o release_n of_o they_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o friend_n since_o the_o rest_n may_v either_o è_fw-la diverso_fw-la or_o conver_n so_o be_v display_v estate_n of_o friend_n therefore_o in_o this_o kind_n namely_o political_a there_o be_v a_o triple_a regard_n first_o by_o blood_n and_o nearness_n of_o kin_n second_o by_o religion_n and_o profession_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o faith_n last_o by_o mere_a political_a conjunction_n of_o friendship_n confedracie_n alliance_n and_o league_n to_o settle_v &_o secure_v etc._n etc._n each_o other_o state_n in_o peace_n &_o safety_n now_o since_o all_o these_o friend_n in_o matter_n of_o state_n be_v ever_o near_o to_o themselves_o run_v the_o straight_a course_n for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o own_o estate_n few_o can_v be_v find_v so_o honest_a &_o firm_a as_o their_o friendship_n be_v never_o disjoinable_a howbeit_o we_o may_v see_v a_o rare_a example_n betwixt_o france_n and_o scotland_n in_o time_n past_a and_o though_o religion_n be_v the_o straight_a conjoiner_n of_o state_n yet_o when_o ambition_n or_o covetousness_n or_o self-love_n invade_v a_o body_n politic_a seldom_o the_o friendship_n of_o such_o continue_v long_o than_o they_o will_v aid_v and_o cherish_v those_o greedy_a appetite_n envy_n and_o fear_n of_o overmuch_o greatness_n make_v the_o one_o a_o hypocrite_n to_o hunt_v with_o the_o hound_n and_o run_v with_o the_o hare_n according_a to_o the_o proverb_n from_o the_o political_a conjunction_n of_o friendship_n political_a we_o gather_v two_o sort_n of_o friend_n to_o every_o state_n namely_o the_o pleasurable_a who_o for_o commodity_n &_o merchandise_n be_v chief_o retain_v for_o friend_n to_o enrich_v their_o state_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n &_o accommodate_v they_o with_o thing_n needful_a mutual_o hence_o we_o behold_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o christian_a state_n to_o traffic_v with_o pagan_n and_o infidel_n for_o contract_v of_o peace_n and_o intercourse_n of_o commodity_n may_v be_v between_o any_o nation_n since_o the_o partition_n wall_n be_v break_v down_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o charity_n for_o one_o state_n now_o to_o entertain_v &_o relieve_v another_o with_o such_o commodity_n as_o the_o one_o either_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o or_o excel_v the_o other_o in_o nevertheless_o in_o league_n alliance_n and_o confederacy_n for_o war_n it_o stand_v otherwise_o betwixt_o christian_a and_o pagan_a prince_n that_o other_o sort_n of_o friend_n be_v the_o profitable_a who_o for_o the_o political_a defence_n and_o offence_n be_v collegue_v and_o alliance_v or_o confederate_v with_o either_o to_o be_v relieve_v for_o injury_n and_o wrong_n receive_v or_o to_o be_v defend_v against_o oppression_n and_o violence_n or_o in_o policy_n only_o for_o fear_n of_o sensibleness_n and_o fear_n of_o the_o worst_a moreover_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o a_o traveller_n to_o note_v thus_o who_o be_v pleasurable_a &_o profitable_a friend_n to_o that_o country_n wherein_o he_o travail_v but_o to_o weigh_v also_o by_o all_o mean_v the_o power_n and_o strength_n or_o weakness_n of_o those_o friend_n friend_n newter_n or_o enemy_n to_o that_o country_n the_o which_o may_v be_v discover_v to_o our_o traveller_n in_o four_o point_n as_o first_o in_o the_o populousnesse_n of_o they_o or_o defect_n of_o people_n and_o in_o the_o well_o discipline_v of_o they_o or_o sufferance_n to_o live_v ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la and_o without_o any_o martial_a government_n for_o from_o hence_o arise_v one_o main_a secret_a to_o our_o traveller_n that_o those_o country_n so_o strengthen_v may_v be_v presume_v upon_o for_o great_a friend_n and_o contrariwise_o so_o the_o second_o rest_v in_o the_o near_a neighbourhood_n or_o fitness_n of_o such_o friend_n to_o impeach_v a_o enemy_n the_o three_o may_v be_v note_v in_o the_o commodity_n of_o those_o friend_n to_o aid_n and_o succour_v that_o state_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n with_o victual_n munition_n arm_n horse_n ship_v and_o money_n which_o be_v the_o artery_n vein_n sinew_n and_o muscle_n of_o body_n politic_a in_o foreign_a trouble_n of_o which_o this_o secret_a rise_v that_o such_o friend_n so_o well_o furnish_v must_v evermore_o be_v well_o and_o even_o deal_v with_o consider_v they_o be_v dangerous_a enemy_n or_o neuter_n the_o rather_o in_o regard_n before_o a_o state_n can_v be_v sensible_a of_o their_o enmity_n they_o can_v sudden_o offend_v nevertheless_o let_v traveller_n in_o this_o point_n consider_v what_o care_n those_o state_n take_v to_o retain_v from_o traffic_n munition_n offensive_a for_o it_o be_v a_o weakness_n and_o danger_n to_o tolerate_v the_o traffic_n of_o munition_n offensive_a to_o friend_n or_o neurer_n the_o which_o in_o time_n may_v beard_v one_o self_n and_o speak_v terror_n in_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o first_o owner_n the_o four_o and_o last_o concern_v the_o strength_n of_o friend_n remain_v that_o traveller_n pray_v into_o the_o revolution_n of_o those_o state_n in_o three_o thing_n as_o in_o the_o religion_n of_o those_o state_n in_o their_o warlikenesse_n and_o in_o their_o freedom_n friend_n of_o these_o brief_o and_o first_o let_v we_o treat_v of_o their_o religion_n whether_o those_o friend_n hold_v the_o same_o religion_n that_o the_o state_n whereof_o they_o be_v friend_n do_v or_o whether_o of_o a_o contrary_a profession_n the_o one_o yield_v ever_o a_o more_o steady_a love_n than_o the_o other_o and_o in_o case_n of_o contrary_a religion_n such_o friend_n be_v soon_o lose_v and_o soon_o press_v a_o people_n to_o be_v mortal_a enemy_n from_o whence_o flow_v infinite_a secret_n of_o this_o kind_n familiar_a to_o good_a statesman_n touch_v the_o warlikenesse_n of_o friend_n that_o may_v be_v consider_v either_o in_o their_o good_a discipline_n at_o home_n friend_n or_o
the_o employment_n of_o their_o people_n abroad_o in_o foreign_a war_n out_o of_o which_o let_v a_o traveller_n note_v this_o secret_a that_o such_o be_v strong_a friend_n and_o to_o be_v put_v in_o trust_n whereas_o those_o state_n that_o be_v so_o exceed_o desirous_a of_o peace_n that_o they_o neglect_v the_o ordinary_a discipline_n of_o war_n be_v either_o weak_a and_o impotent_a friend_n or_o unsteady_a and_o waver_a moreover_o from_o whence_o a_o other_o main_a secret_n arise_v that_o populous_a and_o rich_a state_n which_o choose_v rather_o to_o yield_v to_o servitude_n by_o pay_v tribute_n tax_n and_o other_o intolerable_a burden_n then_o to_o defend_v their_o liberty_n unless_o in_o special_a case_n be_v neither_o trusty_a friend_n nor_o great_a enemy_n to_o be_v fear_v for_o that_o state_n which_o prefer_v not_o his_o own_o liberty_n can_v be_v sensible_a of_o another_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o be_v requireable_a last_o concern_v the_o freedom_n of_o friend_n there_o be_v a_o diverse_a stand_n namely_o friend_n from_o misery_n and_o from_o subjection_n of_o freedom_n from_o misery_n we_o see_v most_o state_n of_o europe_n at_o this_o day_n unless_o where_o usurper_n or_o tyrant_n rule_n and_o domineer_v of_o freedom_n from_o subjection_n there_o be_v a_o proper_a &_o improper_a constitution_n those_o state_n be_v proper_o free_a who_o policy_n hang_v not_o upon_o any_o foreign_a power_n acknowledge_v no_o other_o superior_a than_o god_n either_o in_o temporal_a or_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n nor_o that_o be_v tributary_n or_o homagial_a to_o any_o foreign_a state_n such_o at_o this_o day_n be_v england_n moscovy_n turkey_n persia_n &_o tartary_n and_o that_o of_o prester_n jean_n who_o of_o the_o rest_n vaunt_v that_o his_o nation_n be_v never_o conquer_v or_o acknowledge_v any_o other_o foreign_a prince_n those_o that_o improper_o be_v free_a be_v such_o state_n as_o either_o acknowledge_v other_o superior_a or_o equal_a lord_n or_o lord_n in_o ecclesiastical_a or_o temporal_a matter_n than_o god_n &_o their_o political_a lord_n or_o lord_n or_o be_v tributary_n or_o homagiall_a in_o any_o respect_n to_o foreign_a power_n such_o in_o the_o first_o sense_n at_o this_o day_n be_v france_n spain_n the_o empire_n italy_n denmark_n and_o all_o those_o state_n that_o hold_v of_o the_o pope_n or_o emperor_n so_o such_o of_o the_o second_o clause_n be_v those_o state_n through_o the_o world_n that_o pay_v and_o yield_v a_o certain_a tax_n homage_n or_o tribute_n for_o acknowledge_v and_o respect_v their_o subjection_n hence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o those_o friend_n can_v do_v a_o state_n little_a profit_n that_o be_v in_o distress_n themselves_o as_o engage_v with_o intestine_a &_o civil_a distemperature_n or_o afflict_v by_o a_o equal_a or_o great_a enemy_n as_o jealous_a of_o some_o great_a and_o imminent_a danger_n themselves_o or_o that_o be_v not_o well_o discipline_v or_o not_o at_o liberty_n to_o dispose_v of_o themselves_o without_o those_o state_n to_o who_o they_o be_v subject_a or_o in_o case_n any_o of_o their_o possession_n be_v in_o question_n as_o belong_v to_o a_o other_o equal_a or_o great_a power_n all_o which_o in_o a_o word_n may_v traveller_n confirm_v to_o themselves_o in_o those_o state_n over_o which_o the_o pope_n have_v any_o stroke_n who_o arrogate_a a_o power_n to_o disjoin_v the_o member_n from_o the_o head_n and_o to_o set_v the_o subject_n against_o their_o prince_n can_v also_o make_v debate_n betwixt_o prince_n and_o prince_n state_n and_o state_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o first_o point_n of_o foreign_a friend_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o country_n into_o which_o man_n travail_n now_o touch_v the_o second_o point_n which_o we_o name_v to_o consist_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o ordinary_a strength_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o country_n in_o which_o man_n travail_n people_n there_o be_v 4_o thing_n considerable_a the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o people_n store_n of_o commodity_n commodity_n not_o only_o to_o nourish_v the_o people_n within_o the_o land_n but_o to_o make_v &_o procure_v friendship_n in_o special_a case_n plenty_n of_o munition_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a and_o the_o fullness_n of_o treasure_n plenty_n revenue_n and_o domain_a treasury_n of_o these_o four_o we_o have_v handle_v the_o three_o former_a throughout_o our_o treatise_n sufficient_o for_o a_o traveller_n but_o the_o four_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o domain_a or_o treasure_n we_o have_v need_v to_o touch_v a_o little_a first_o let_v it_o be_v consider_v therefore_o that_o in_o monarchy_n there_o be_v a_o private_a and_o a_o public_a revenue_n and_o treasure_n the_o public_a public_a be_v dispend_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonweal_n whereas_o the_o private_a patrimony_n of_o prince_n be_v dispendable_a on_o their_o necessity_n private_a yet_o these_o be_v oft_o confound_v but_o the_o first_o that_o chance_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o traveller_n be_v to_o note_v what_o sum_n those_o joint_o or_o several_o do_v amount_v unto_o whereby_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v the_o riches_n and_o poverty_n of_o state_n computatis_fw-la computandis_fw-la this_o main_a secret_n broach_v three_o consideration_n first_o how_o and_o on_o what_o the_o sum_n be_v gather_v second_o how_o that_o be_v dispose_v three_o whether_o there_o be_v not_o always_o a_o reservation_n of_o treasure_n for_o the_o sudden_a and_o needful_a use_n of_o those_o state_n touch_v the_o first_o of_o these_o revenue_n we_o observe_v from_o politician_n seven_o way_n that_o amass_n public_a treasure_n and_o revenue_n honourable_o first_o by_o revenue_n which_o we_o term_v here_o in_o england_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o crown-land_n of_o ward_n marriage_n of_o relief_n of_o eschetes_n of_o fine_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o amercement_n of_o jurisdiction_n ordinary_a as_o extraordinary_a conquest_n and_o such_o like_a second_o by_o conquest_n upon_o the_o enemy_n three_o gift_n by_o gift_n of_o friend_n and_o well_o wisher_n to_o the_o state_n and_o crown_n tribute_n four_o by_o pension_n and_o tribute_n of_o subject_a state_n and_o ally_n five_o traffic_n by_o traffic_n the_o which_o to_o some_o state_n be_v very_o gainful_a six_o merchandise_n by_o merchandise_n and_o trade_n of_o stranger_n or_o subject_n from_o whence_o arise_v the_o imposte_n &_o custom_n upon_o every_o commodity_n bring_v in_o or_o carry_v out_o of_o state_n taxation_n last_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n the_o seven_o may_v be_v add_v whereof_o in_o some_o drive_a state_n there_o be_v ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a as_o for_o casual_a they_o be_v include_v in_o the_o former_a extraordinary_a the_o ordinary_a be_v such_o as_o we_o call_v subside_n lones_fw-gr ten_o fifteenth_n stipend_n and_o asseasment_n for_o soldier_n press_v the_o extraordinary_a be_v tax_n tallage_n gabel_n and_o benevolence_n either_o impose_v upon_o particular_n or_o in_o special_a case_n upon_o the_o most_o in_o general_n out_o of_o all_o which_o let_v traveller_n note_v what_o and_o how_o much_o of_o either_o and_o in_o what_o order_n the_o same_o be_v rate_v levy_v and_o assemble_v into_o the_o treasury_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v collect_v this_o and_o such_o like_a secret_n that_o unlawful_a and_o great_a imposition_n and_o tax_n in_o a_o free_a state_n do_v oft_o cause_v a_o heart-burn_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o open_v the_o passage_n of_o sedition_n unless_o in_o especial_a case_n in_o which_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o public_a overture_n for_o the_o same_o as_o for_o the_o expense_n moreover_o that_o may_v not_o be_v overslip_v whether_o the_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n where_o man_n travail_v be_v enforce_v upon_o important_a accident_n to_o take_v up_o money_n by_o impreste_n and_o borrowinge_n or_o by_o mortgage_n or_o at_o interest_n for_o as_o among_o private_a person_n so_o in_o public_a state_n more_o sudden_o there_o grow_v a_o great_a defect_n and_o bankeruptnesse_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o danger_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o main_a secret_a of_o employ_v the_o treasure_n and_o revenewe_n of_o the_o state_n in_o the_o second_o place_n we_o find_v six_o honourable_a cause_n to_o dispend_v the_o same_o out_o of_o which_o a_o traveller_n may_v cull_v several_a secret_n as_o the_o good_a and_o orderly_a government_n treasure_n or_o contrariwise_o of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n his_o or_o their_o virtue_n or_o vice_n &c._n &c._n namely_o almshouse_n and_o public_a relief_n and_o provision_n for_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o realm_n almshouse_n whereby_o be_v discover_v a_o religious_a and_o charitable_a care_n of_o such_o as_o stand_v in_o need_n second_o housekeep_v upon_o the_o honourable_a and_o necessary_a support_n of_o the_o household_n and_o public_a court_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n which_o be_v well_o husband_v argue_v majesty_n bounty_n and_o wisdom_n three_o needful_a upon_o reparation_n and_o edification_n of_o fortification_n and_o building_n of_o build_v ship_n and_o ship_n and_o such_o