Selected quad for the lemma: state_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	duke_n	king_n	savoy_n	1,314	5	11.4006	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A89449	The chiefe events of the monarchie of Spaine, in the yeare 1639. / Written by the Marquesse Virgilio Maluezzi, one of his Majesties Councell of Warre. Translated out of th'Italian copy, by Robert Gentilis Gent.; Successi principali della monarchia di Spagna nell'anno M.DC.XXXIX. English.	Malvezzi, Virgilio, marchese, 1595-1653.; Gentilis, Robert.	1647 (1647)	Wing M355; Thomason E1161_1; ESTC R202848	79,537	217

better deserved by fighting then by competition If they did not agree there would be no fighting no commanding and all would be lost That the Governour of Milan shewed which way he inclined when he sent D. Antonio Sotello to seize on the workes The not yeilding to this would be a thwarting of the Marquesse his desires and to hinder rather then to accept of the command which if it were laid downe ought rather to be refused with wisedome then be afterwards forcibly left with shame They all approved of this discourse content to be commanded by D. Antonio Sotello The King in his Letter acknowledged himselfe to be well served by D. Lewis his discreet proceeding not only for the present act which occasioned a Victory and the like being not observed in times past had occasioned great losses but chiefly in respect of the document which so rare an example would leave unto posteritie and admitted of no exception because that besides the having right on his fide hee wanted not great valour and the like experience besides the Nobility of his famous house This action so new and so unusuall in the Kings Armies deceived the Cardinall of Vallette and the Marquesse of Villa who went with all their forces to relieve Saliceto thinking to find the Souldiers without a Commander or with many confused ones They found them commanded by D. Antonio Sotello with so much union order and valour that comming to battell they were routed and put to flight with the death and imprisonment of the boldest A great part of the Victory ought to bee acknowledged from D. Lewes Ponze di Leon and his Regiment who after he had modestly yeilded to his friends fought valiantly against his enemies shewing himself more fit to govern then ambitious of governing So was that strong place wonn which would have troubled any other Army that had not been Spanish for the space of a whole yeare and was a place of great importance one part of it standing upon the entrance of Piemont and the other to secure Finall This piece of Army was returning to joyne with the Marquesse under the conduct of Don John di Garrai and comming neere to Verrua in an evening he tooke the out-workes At the dawning of the day he assaulted it five wayes wonne it Set upon the Castle and it yeilded to him Hee was revenged of the wounds which he had received in that place when he served the Duke of Feria and if hee did in some way disgrace his Masters act taking that in foure houres which his Master could not take in three moneths yet did hee doe much credit to his advice the Dukes Counsell being them to assault it not to besiege it Then hee joyned with the Marquesse of Leganes who laid Siege to Crescentino and though it had a dike full of water deepe and well fortified and kept by a Garrison of thirteene hundred French yet in eight dayes he wonne it It will not peradventure be distastefull if I here set downe what reason moved the King of Spaine at first to invade the Duke of Savoy his Dominions for the sting of revenge reason of State nor rigor of justice are not sufficient motives for his mild piety to bring him on to endammage other men if he were not otherwise violently moved thereunto Marquesse Forni Amadeo Duke of Savoy his Ambassadour was in Madrid who in the name of the Duke his Master promised all friendship and forbearance of hosti●ity when the Duke at the selfe-same instant joyning with France entred into the State of Milan when for feare of breeding jealousie it lay in a manner disarmed with an Ecclesiasticall person over the Politick government and an old man over the Militarie So that from one skirmish to another it came to that passe that if they would not yeeld without any more stirring they must bee forced to adventure it upon a battell at Tornevento with so much disadvantage that nothing necessity excepted could have freed it from the judgement of a most rash act Being as it were by miracle escaped out of these streights Duke Amadeo died And what rational man then would have said that it was not then just for the King of Spaine to overthrow his Dominions who had deceived him with publick faith and joyning with his enemies had assaulted the State of Milan and brought it in jeopardy of losing What Politician would not have judged it necessarie not to leave an example so pernicious to all Monarchies viz. that they might bee set upon by inferiour Princes and those Princes receive no other dammage therby but the not obtaining of the issue-of their desires And what humane heart of flesh would have blamed the King for running upon a revenge necessarie in Policie and lawfull in Justice Yet his Majesty courteous not vindicative magnanimous not Politick pious with Justice and not just with rigour propounded Peace to the Dutchesse if she would forbeare to assist the French taking upon him to make an agreement between her and the Princes her Allies what could he doe more to have this Vine produce Grapes yet it brought forth nothing but wilde ones What could he do lesse then come in with fire and Sword to shew what gentlenesse provoked with ingratitude and mercy sleighted by obstinacie can and is able to doe Yet hee hath not done it he burned onely to fatten the soile and destroy the weeds He cut downe to engraft Plants to cause them bring forth fruits in stead of thorns He overcame the Mother that she might not ruine her Sonne He moved war to establish peace and seized on dominions to restore them The French were already come into low Germany with two mighty Armies the one under the command of Migliari to goe upon the Country of Artois the other led by Fucchieres to enter upon the land of Luxenburg The designes were to renew the name recover the Kingdom of the ancient Austrasia Surely a great thought and befitting a high mind that were not most Christian The provocatives were the remembrance of Charles the great and the greatnesse of the house of Austria the end to renew the first and ruine the last The first things wherein Princes are in their younger yeares instructed are 〈◊〉 great acts of their Predecessors They hear them rehearsed with delight whilest they are not able to act them infirmity of humane nature which not to remaine without glory having none of their own appropriate other mens to themselves and takes from the fortune of Birth that which springs onely from the worth of the person But if their spirit growes up with their age those relations which once seemed to please do now torment to praise reprove and tormenting and reproving enflameth them first to be imitators of their Auncestors and to follow their steps then to emulate and outgoe them which ever tieth them either to live idle in despaire or troublesome to disquiet the world And if by chance to the memory of those who

The Enemy was returned powerfull within sight of the Harbour out of which his Majesties ships came but not with happy successe for some run aground and other for want of wind could not get out there were but five that fought Michael d'Orno set upon the Holland Admirall with such fiercenesse that he had almost sunke her shee shunned the boarding and presently fled with the rest of the ships and in the flight met with two of the Kings ships The Sea grew calme the Captaine and the Admirall runne on ground so that the enemy was left with the two ships playing upon them with their Ordnance but would not adventure to boord them So here were two great victories which the Kings Forces obtained against the Rebels the one was counterpoised by too much wind and the other almost changed for want of wind The Captaine got off and all the rest of the ships but the Admirall the enemys battered retired to their owne Ports for reliefe and the Kings ships to Mardick and Dunkirke and from thence after they were mended they went away with their Walloons and arrived safely into Spaine where the Cardinall Infanta writ in what distresse Burgundy was Weymer being come into it and having taken Pontaglier and Joigri by meanes whereof he cut off that Province from all reliefe of Armes and provisions from the Switzers His Majesty sent money and order to the Marquesse of Leganes that he should assist them with men In the mean time Prince Thomas was extraordinarily importunate at Court to get leave to goe and assist the businesse of Italy That his Country did burne that the Government was swayed by a passionate woman an unable Prince and Officers wonne bought hindered and forced by the French That the lawes gave him and the Cardinall the tuition That hee could not justifie to the world his stay in Flanders to looke upon the flames Hee promised his Majesty fruitfull actions and that he likewise promised to himselfe from his Majesty justice and love if hee should have recourse to his Clemencie and great assistance if there were need of power That he had many intelligences and that he was called thither by his friends malecontents convenience obligation and hope Every one did not applaud this going into Italy many believing it could doe no good did prognosticate great dammage might ensue thereupon The male-contents within shewed every thing to be easie for them as went out because they should trouble the State and these made every thing seeme easie to the King wherein they might assist him promising themselves more then they could performe and promising more then they knew they could performe Force of Armes nor intelligence of Princes could not gaine so many places to his Majesty as the Dutchesse despaire might give unto the King of France True it is that her reason of State is not that she should deliver them into the hand of the French and that now in case the affection of Sister should perswade her to it the love of a Mother would disswade her from it But if she should imagine that they must be lost shee would sooner fall into the armes of a Brother then under the feet of her Kinsmen Convenience is the reason of State and they are all counterpoised while a state remaines but it being lost revenge takes the place of conveniencie and rage the place of reason The future is not discoursed upon onely the present is hated neither doe they consider which is the best when all are bad The sick man whilest he hopes to obtaine health patiently endures thirst hunger iron and fire but if he once falls into dispaire he abhorres the Physician and hates the remedies worse then the disease The powers of the Spaniard untill that time to have seemed to the Dutchesse to be against the French her state to serve for a field to wrath and not for a reward to victories If she see the Princes of Savoy with those forces she will think them to be against her And whereas before in case of losse the King of Spaines more moderate mind did promise her restitution the title of Kinsman might deceive her and the just title of the King of France and of both these things did assure her the emulation which was between them and the agreement betweene the Princes of Europe And she might now doubt that in this third the contraries might agree the emulation might be appeased the Subjects satisfied and the world contented there being not wanting lawfull specious apparent and hidden titles and pretences Intelligences do worke better a farre off by their power then neere by their person thoughts which men have cannot be seen but the eyes doe shew where a man meanes to hit That Prince Thomas in Flanders did thrive and gaine as present in Italic as absent changing of countrie he might breed turmoile on the one part and doe hurt in the other if not in both Ostentation to be the greatest enemy that this enterprise could have enough will be done if they can perswade that little can be done The Dutchesse will not desperately cast her selfe into the hands of the French and they will not go with great powers where they imagine not to gaine great rewards or hinder great conquests Scarce shall Prince Thomas appeare but the one and the other growen jealous and suspicious will stirre up every stone and use the uttermost endeavour they will change all governours both in holds and armies and fill every thing with French whereby the one side assured of the treacherie and the other not forbearing to attempt it cunning being in vaine employed the time will be lost of helping ones selfe with force Nature hath thought craft to be hurtfull to valour and onely helpfull to cowardlinesse granting it to the weakest kind of beasts and denying it to the most valorous They are both hindered when they are together diminishing when they are mixed and being good for nothing when they are diminished That it was not knowne of what degree Prince Thomas his person should be in the army it was not convenient he should be superiour to the Marquis of Leganes and to have him inferiour would be dissonant Howsoever he would breed disturbance in Warre in Peace in overcomming and peradventure more when he had overcome But wise men and those who understood his Majesties mind aright discoursed the contrarie That it had alwayes bin helpfull to the conquering of countries to have in the armies persons of their blood who ruled This meanes which had served many to cover injustice and to deceive people would now serve to shew the truth and to undeceive those which went astray That nothing could hinder his Majesties good intention more then the not being knowne and that nothing could make it more knowne then the presence of those who were interested Should he feare the Dutchesse should despaire let her do what she wil when she hath done what she could doe she will peradventure not be

of ammunition and victuall were left behind for a prey It seemes that these new forced and base men are good for nothing but to encrease the number and with the number difficulty to maintaine an army an engagement to fight with shame if they be overcome a hinderance to conquest and confusion in retreating They prevent danger with their flight and never stay for it whereby others are affrighted and follow them or endeavour to stay them and are disordered If they did but stay for th' incounter and a little oppose the enemy they would be good for something And it is hard if the one part be not routed through the others disorder For they will follow them that flye and they that flye being disordered they who follow must needs imitate them so that by the flight of the baser sort one may rout the most valorous and being wearied and disordered slay them But experience having so often shewed the hurt they doe when the businesse hath come to a triall it seemeth strange to me that at the instant when one goeth to fight they will fill up Armies with such kind of folke I know not whether mans vanity ought to be blamed for this error which habituated more in shew then substance and accustomed to gaine thereby cannot though it do him hurt recede from that habitude or ignorance which erring in the manner of framing an argument concludes that cowards mixed amongst valiant men will gaine valour whereas it should rather be inferred that valiant men mixed amongst cowards will lose their valour Peradventure also it is neither vanitie nor ignorance but a secret providence of human nature The great number if they doe not come to triall availeth much and especially to avoid the triall a thing which nature above all things desireth when it makes the least shew of desiring it It loves not to come to triall of the arme and to that end it useth all kind of meanes sometimes multitudes which shall be either fantasticall or fruitlesse Sometimes the quality of their out-sides long haire guilded armes humorous apparell scarfes and feathers Sometimes the noise of horrid outcries threatning death or a deepe silence representing it Sometimes a motion which being violent may make one runne away or forget to offend There came newes into the Leaguer that the enemy had an intent to attempt the relieving of the place by water and by land both at one time and to that end had armed at Leucata certain Brigandines and great store of Boates with men and munition defended by a great Trench guarded with Musquettiers It was judged fitting to fire them The first attempt tooke no effect for it being to bee done by night our men lost their way The second time taking expert Pilots the charge thereof was given to Lieutenant Don Diego Sanchez he to worke more like a souldier then an incendiarie though hee might with ease have fired them would by force bring them away Being come to the place he landed some Musquetiers who holding them in the great Trench in play did so farre divert them that he having seized their Boats embarqued his men and returned victorious to the camp The praise for th' execution of this notable act must be attribured to the Lieutenant the advice to the Count Duke who many times voted in the Iunta that some Boates should be fitted and armed in the poole and though they did it not pretending it to be needlesse or impossible onely because they made it so hee still insisted upon it till at last Don Francesco d'Iuarra comming thither finding the truth of it did put it in execution and after the enemy had beene divers times damnified thereby at last it hindered them from this notable reliefe Onely by overcomming great difficulties are obtained great Conquests Hee whom they are against useth all his endeavours to overcome them he that hath them on his side trusting in them groweth carelesse and whereas hee should oppose his enemies wit with his whole understanding hee opposeth it with rocks woods hills and seas as though mans understanding had not known how to goe over rocks and hills and passe through Seas Hee is deceived that trusts the resistance to a pregnant understanding to any thing but to a more pregnant The Prince of Conde blamed the raine in the last attempt and thinking with valour to relieve the place having rallied his Armie he came again within sight of it and fortified himselfe upon the same hill And having chosen the best spirits amongst his whole body hee sent them downe into the plaine backed by all the Cavallerie with the Duke of Luin to set upon the Fortifications in two places The onset was terrible and dreadfull made by men who were of noble blood undaunted hearts valiant worthy to live for the defence of Religion or die in defending it Five hundred Gentlemen died in the field and most part in the Trenches finding death and buriall in the fame place and leaving their memories written in the bloud of honourable wounds May they rest in peace and let a forraigne Pen applaud them to make their actions live who died gloriously valiant Amongst our men were most noted the two Field-Marshals Molinguen a Knight and Don Giusto di Torres whose quarters were ●et upon The Field-Marshall Iohn di Arze who went with part of the Count Dukes Regiment to relieve them This man raifed his fortunes in Flanders by his valour and passing through all the degrees of honour attained to that of Field-Marshall Hee is brother to Don Peter de Arze Secretary of State The one employes his Pen the other his Sword the one fights the other writes and gives advice They strive who shall doe the best service Which of them deserves best I know not seeing there is no difference in their abilitie or will but onely in their profession It will then appeare when the competition between the Pen and the Sword is decided But above all shined the valour of the Marquis of Torrecusa who sometimes Leading the head on● sometimes heartening the men omitted not any thing pertaining to a Commander or Souldier but hee did command and performed it Hee encouraged with words and when need required with deeds The enemy being gotten upon a Trench taking a pike in his hand hee hindered disordered and overthrew him Let Poets have leave to describe their Orlandoes and Rinaldoes if under those fabulous narrations they intended to set downe this truth That one mans valour is sufficient to gaine a victorie An Army when it hath no Commander is a meere dead carkasse when it hath one it is sometimes valiant sometimes cowardly according to the soule which assists it Even as the Members runne to the danger where the head is so the souldier where it goeth That hand that arme that fearfully avoides and shunnes the blow which intends to wound it rashly runs on to meet it in defence of the head When one brutish and unadvised man goeth all the rest