mischievous Practices You must break up all those fine Negotiations and do it so cunningly that Madam have the advantage which her Enemies pretend to receive to her prejudice The true means to do it is To disperse a Declaration to inform the World That her Highness desires a good and sincere Agreement but that as she has no other design than to attain to so good an end so she will hearken to no Proposal which being void of due respect to the Dignity of her Son and of necessary Precautions for the safety of his Person which being dearer to her than her own Life can produce no other effect than her destruction and the ruine of her States and good Subjects to whose Preservation she will always have a particular regard You must in this Declaration make use of the most advantageous Circumstances of times past to confirm the pernicious Designs of Prince Thomas That being done it is convenient to remove all those fine Negotiations by whose malice or simplicity Madam in the end may be undone Pray be diligent in this Affair and be assur'd that no body has a greater kindness for you than c. P. S. Sir I add this one word more That Satisfaction is given to the Marquess of St. Morice You must take care that this may be brought over to Madam's interest Vpon which account the King will never complain of his Benefits You have so much prudence and address that I do not at all doubt but you will make this Affair succeed according to his Majesty's desire I am c. LETTER CCXXXII To the Dutchess of Savoy MADAM THo' I wrote to you eight or ten days ago about the bad circumstances in which I think your Affairs are in the late Express which I have just now received from your Highness and your Commands to give you my advice about the new Proposals which were made by Moneti and Father Michael-Ange de Aglie give me an opportunity to re-assume my Pen I assure you that the King desires nothing more than to see you well re-establish'd in your States and to have a good understanding with your Brothers-in-law And that his Majesty will be always ready to restore the Places which he possesses in Piedmont into your Highness's hands as soon as the Spaniards will in good earnest do the same with those which they hold so that you may be the real Mistress of them But as the safety of your Person and that of your Son the Duke of Savoy are the principal things which you ought to consider his Majesty will never consent that they fall into the hands of persons whose whole interest consists in their destruction And your Highness is too well advised not to see that all Proposals which are made you without this Precaution let them be never so specious are nothing but a Snare to destroy you I am not amaz'd that Prince Thomas proposes That you go into Piedmont and carry your Son along with you But I cannot think that there is any body nigh you who can advise you to it without adding at the same time that before you think of it you ought to be Mistress of the Citadel as well as of the Town of Turin Upon this Condition I think you may pass the Mountains without taking your Son along with you for whose safety you cannot take too much care to secure him from those difficulties which may happen to him You know Madam better than we the Reports upon the subject of the death of the Commander of Sales because we have them only from your Parts They ought as I think make you fear the destruction of your Son by the same way so much the more as there is a difference betwixt the possession of a soveraign-State and that of a simple Government You must be insensible if you do not fear that those who were not afraid to touch your Honour by several Falshoods and Calumnies may also aim at your Life which is not so dear to you as your Reputation In a word Madam since God has made you Mother of a Prince who is the lawful Successour of the States of his Father the Duke of Savoy you are oblig'd to do your utmost to preserve his Person and his States You will not want Forces because the King offers you his and he commanded me to write to you particularly That provided you will do what you can he will spare nothing that may tend to your preservation and re establishment in that which you have lost But because it is certain that his Forces will be of no use to you if your mind and prudence do not concur with his power to promote your safety It is your part to take care that you be not surpriz'd by bad Counsels and to fortifie your self against the weakness of your Sex which is sometime subject in its Conduct not to add firm Resolutions which are necessary in the managery of great Affairs The Observations which you have sent hither about the Proposals which are made you are so judicious to let you see the Cheat they would put upon you that I praise God that he has inspired you with such knowledge and beseech him that he would confirm you in that desire which you now have to preserve yourself from their malice I think it is very convenient that you let those Princes that cause such ridiculous Proposals to be made and your States know that as you will be always ready to come to a good Agreement by which your Son may remain such an absolute Master of his States that he may not apprehend either himself or them to be in any danger and that you will not hearken to Negotiations which have no other aim but to gain time to your prejudice and to the ruine of the People which God has committed to your charge which they desire to amuse by such hopes When you have made this Declaration I believe it requisite for your service to be deaf to all Proposals that may be made if by the first Article the Duke of Savoy and your Highness are not re-establish'd in the authority that belongs to them and if it be not permitted you to provide for both your safeties by what ways you think it most expedient These two Articles being pre-supposed I repeat it yet once more to your Highness that the King is always of opinion That you treat your Brothers-in-law with all advantages imaginable which they may reasonably desire and which are consistent with your safety to grant In the extent of those terms matters may be so adjusted that those Gentlemen may be fully satisfied without that your ruine is inevitable This is Madam what I thought good to say upon the present occasion Finally I advise you to oblige all those who are about you to declare publickly against those who so publickly seek your ruine that a Man must be either blind or malicious not to confess it I am perswaded that there is none who will
be c. LETTER CCLXXV To the Same MADAM I Cannot sufficiently commend the Care which Monsieur d'Hemery writes your Highness will have of your Affairs and that Prudence by which you distinguish betwixt good and bad Servants I could never have believ'd that which you were pleased to discover of him of the Intentions of Father Monod I do not much value his mischievous Designs which your Highness acknowledges he has against France and those who have the Honour to serve the King But I am so concern'd at that which his Behaviour made your Highness take notice of that he has against your Person and your Children that it is impossible to express it I am under a perpetual Apprehension of the continual Danger your Highness is exposed to having such a turbulent Spirit nigh you and the Mischief he may do you which may happen in an instant without any possibility of a Remedy if it be not prevented I confess I cannot be at Ease till I know your Highness has put in Execution the good Resolutions that Monsieur d'Hemery tells me you have taken to secure your Estate your Person and your Children the King desiring nothing so much as to give you a Testimony of the extraordinary Passion he has for you cannot be more afflicted than to see you in a Condition of receiving no Advantage by his Protection Beside the Letter which he has wrote to your Highness he has particularly commanded me to declare his Sentiments upon this occasion I have so enlarged to Monsieur d'Hemery that it is superfluous to say any more Your Highness will be pleased to believe what he shall say upon this Subject and also that no Man honours you more than I who desire your Welfare your Grandeur and the Advantage of your Children as much as yourself all my Actions shall confirm this Truth and that I am c. LETTER CCLXXVI To the Same MADAM THE Extremity of your Affairs makes me take Pen in Hand to tell you in a few Words That you can take no other Method for your Safety than what the King's Embassadours have proposed to you concerning the depositing some Places in Piedmont As a Man must be extraordinary wicked to desire to reap any other Advantage thereby than yours and your Son's Safery and the Re-establishment of your States so unless you be blind you cannot but see that this is the only Remedy There is no other that can preserve you from Ruine Your Highness will give me leave to tell you That the bad State of your Affairs do not suffer you to be unresolved at a Juncture wherein every Moment is inestimable and Necessity and Reason so agree together that the first commands what the other advises If you despise the Counsel that I give you you will know the Profit of it when you cannot enjoy the Effects of it and if by following it your Highness do not find it good I agree that you cry me down in the World and make me pass for what I am not It is your part Madam to have a care not to be amused by the Spaniards as sick Men who in the Intermissions of a Fever think they are absolutely cured But to imitate the Physicians who make use of that time to prevent succeeding Fits the Wisdom which God has given your Highness will so plainly manifest to you that your Interest is the only Motive which makes me speak after this manner and not doubting of the good Resolution you will take nothing remains but to assure you that I will never change that of being c. LETTER CCLXXVII To the Same MADAM THE Count of Cameran who is returning to your Highness will particularly tell you the Passion with which I will serve you upon the present occasion I conjured him to beseech you by the Consideration of your own Interest not to suffer yourself to be ensnared by the Artifices of the Spaniards who have no other Design than to delude all those with whom they treat with fair Appearance I always apprehended that which I now perceive from their Malice and have often represented it to those who belong'd to your Highness I hope their wicked Designs will not have the intended Effect at least I can assure you Madam that the King will omit nothing which may depend upon his Power to defeat them and that if the Zeal which I always had for your Highness's Service were capable of Augmentation it should now be redoubled to shew you upon this occasion as upon all others I really am c. LETTER CCLXXVIII To the Same MADAM THis Letter is only to tell your Highness that Experience having inform'd you that the Advice which you have hitherto taken was the best that could be to advance your Enemies Affairs and to ruine your own Nothing now remains to be done to save yourself but quickly to take away contrary to what you have hitherto taken If the Advice I give you may be any way prejudicial to you I myself desire you not to fâ—llow it But if it be the only remaining Means to preserve you from utter Ruine which your Enemies will endeavour to make shameful you must be deprived of that Wisdom God has given you if you do not embrace those Overtures made to you by the King's Embassadours It is not time for Deliberation nothing now remains but to execute a good Resolution which alone can defend your Life and the remainder of your Son the Duke of Savoy's States and your Liberty altogether I beseech you to behave yourself so that I may be found a better Physician than a Prophet I have been one of them but too much in your Highness's Concerns to my great Sorrow I dare take upon me tho' your Distemper be very dangerous to be the other if you are willing as I conjure you for your own sake who am c. LETTER CCLXXIX To the Same MADAM AS I have no greater Passion than to make known to your Highness that which I have for your Service I can receive no greater Joy than to understand by the Letters with which you are pleased to honour me that the Testimonies which I endeavour to give you of it are agreeable and satisfactory beseeching you to believe that as to my particular I shall always be so when I can be serviceable in any thing and that as your Interests are as dear to me as the King 's I will omit no Opportunity of managing them according as you yourself can desire as I have particularly declared to your Embassadour I do not represent to you my Joy for the taking of Coni because you being sensible of my Zeal for the Prosperity and the Advantage of the King 's and your Highness's Affairs which are conjoin'd you will judge what it was I will only tell you that I hope by God's Goodness that this good Success will make way for others which will be no less advantageous to you I wish it with all my Heart and your Highness
LETTERS OF THE Cardinal Duke De RICHELIEU Great Minister of State TO LEWIS XIII of France Faithfully Translated from the Original By T. B. In Two Volumes VOL. I. LONDON Printed for A. Roper A. Bosvile and T. Leigh in Fleetstreet 1698. EMINENTISSâ—…â—…DVS IOANNES DV PLESSIS CARDINALIS RICHELEVS etc To his Excellency Sir Joseph Williamson Knight one of His Majesty's most Honorable Privy-Council Keeper of the Records of State a Member of the Honorable House of Commons and one of His Majesty's Embassadors-Extraordinary and Plenepotentiaries for the Treaty of a General Peace SIR THis having been esteem'd one of the best Pieces of the Ablest Minister of State in the Age wherein he liv'd I thought I cou'd not do a greater Justice to his Memory than to address these Remains of his to a Person whom the Greatest Wisest and Best of Monarchs has made Choice of to be imploy'd in the most Important Treaty that ever concern'd Europe as one who by a Consummated Experience in Negotiations of this Nature has approv'd himself an Able and Faithful Minister Nor can such a Work as this be Dedicated to any Person more properly than to your Excellency since it consists of Letters of State and some of the Choicest and most Useful Instructions relating both to War and Peace during that Great Man's Administration and which may be of Publick Benefit at this Time May the Success of Your present Negotiation answer the Expectation which Your Country has of Your Great Abilities such as may establish Christendom in a firm Peace and lasting Tranquillity This I conceive is the best Apology can be made for the Presumption of Your Excellency's most Humble and most Obedient Servant T. B. THE PREFACE OF THE PUBLISHER THE very Name of Cardinal Richelieu is enough to set a Value upon the Collection of Letters that are here published The least Productions of so great a Man cannot but find an Universal Esteem This Illustrious Minister not only signaliz'd himself by his extraordinary Address in the Management of Affairs but reduc'd that difficult and mysterious Art into certain Maxims He was not only acquainted with the most refin'd Politicks but he likewise writ concerning them with a Penetration and Exactness that are admirable His Politic Testament sufficiently confirms the Truth of this Assertion That incomparable Piece has been deservedly looked upon as the best in its kind and * In his Speech to the Gentlemen of the Academy Monsieur de la Bruyere who as he is one of the most profound Authors of this Age is Master of the greatest Politeness thought himself oblig'd to take Notice of that everlasting Monument of his great Abilities and considers it as a Work that deserves to live for ever If these Praises are due to the Politic Testament of Cardinal Richelieu as must be acknowledged on all hands it may safely be affirm'd that they belong as justly to the following Collection of Letters We may in them discover the same Genius and the same Solidity with this difference however that whereas in the above-mention'd Book Matters of State are barely deliver'd in Rules and Precepts we behold the Cardinal in these Letters acting by those Rules and Precepts upon all emergent Occasions Here we behold his incomparable Address in the happy managing of the nicest and the most perplext Negotiations his indefatigable Activity his great Foresight which extended it self as well to small as to great Affairs his prodigious Intrepidity that engag'd him in the boldest Undertakings which generally succeeded with mighty Glory to him In short That Superiority of Genius which elevated him even above the Prince he served and made him formidable to the Grandees of his own Country nay to all the Princes of Europe These Letters are written upon different Subjects and are addressed to several Persons however they all along preserve the Character which is suitable to them That Simplicity of Style which is perpetually visible in them is so far from being Disadvantageous to them that it only makes them more grave and more proper for the Person that composed them Every one knows that it would look with a very ill Grace for a Minister of State to affect that scrupulous Nicety and Politeness of Language in his Dispatches which sits well upon none but one that is a Bel-Esprit by Profession Here the whole is accommodated to the Subject The Reader will all along discover abundance of pretty Maxims and judicious Reflexions but they are every where imploy'd to the Purpose and without the least Spice of Affectation Besides these things which are without doubt sufficient of themselves to raise the Curiosity of the Reader he will meet with a world of Remarkable Passages that fell out under the Reign of Lewis XIII and are to be found no where else I mean some particular Circumstances that have escaped the Diligence of the Historians of those Times and cou'd never have been known but for Cardinal Richelieu or other Persons that were actually in the Bottom of those Affairs Since the World receiv'd the Letters of Cardinal Mazarin so favourably I may without Presumption dare to say That they will read these with greater Pleasure and Profit for there is much more of Action more particular Things and a greater Variety of Matter than the former do contain The Reader need only compare these two Collections to be convinced of the truth of what I have advanc'd ERRATA VOL. I. Page 169. Line 31. for Monsieur de Nesmes read the Bishop of Nesmes p. 174. l. 23. for Plat r. Plan. p 248. l. 1. for the Count r. the Count de Soissons p. 253. l. 30. where the Reader meets the Word Madam put by it self there and in several other places he must read the Dutchess of Savoy p. 307. l. 4. for her Son's States r. her Son's Country Vol. II. p. 1. l. 11. for Monsieur of Savoy r. the Duke of Savoy So Monsieur of Lorrain in any other place for the Duke of Lorrain p. 89. l. 1. for Monsieur de Bourdeaux r. the Archbishop LETTERS OF THE Cardinal de Richelieu VOL. I. LETTER I. To *** SIR 'T IS an unspeakable Joy to me to find by your Letter that his Holiness has condescended to grant me that Dignity which the King was willing to have me honoured with since so authentick an Approbation will without question cover those Defects that I may be guilty of I shall think my self extremely happy if while I serve the King and State he gives me as frequent opportunities of serving the Church as I do and ever shall desire to have so long as I live In the mean time I give you a thousand Thanks for the great Satisfaction you have express'd upon this Occasion humbly begging you to believe that it will be a most particular one to my self when I shall have an Opportunity to convince you by the Effects rather than by Words that I am SIR Your most affectionate Brother to serve you The
to believe that I ever will be c. LETTER CCLXXX To the Same MADAM I Do not doubt but your Highness in what concerns me has taken that part which you were pleased to testifie both by the Letters with which you have honoured me and by your Embassadour for which Reason I give you all the Thanks which your Goodness requires I do not send to you for what Reasons the King secured the Person of Monsieur Bouillon because you will particularly have them some other way I will only tell you that it being confidently reported to us that he thought to prevail with your Highness to favour his mischievous Designs I should think myself extreamly obliged to you if you would do me the Favour to impart the Discourse he had with you upon that Subject and how far you could penetrate into his Intentions While I expect News from your Highness I will tell you that tho' there is much Fault to be found with the Treaty of Accommodation made with your Brothers-in-law yet the Desire the King has always had to procure the Tranquility of your Son's States by teaching those Princes their Duty is the Reason that his Majesty in my Opinion will pass by that Consideration to testifie more and more that there is nothing that he will not do for your Sake As to my particular Madam I beseech your Highness to believe that I will always contribute to your Advantage all that you can expect from a Man that honours you and is with the greatest Passion c. LETTER CCLXXXI To Monsieur d' Hemery SIR I Was so surpriz'd and afflicted with the Duke of Savoy's sickness that I cannot declare it to you both by reason of the exigency of Affairs and for her Highness's sake whom I love and honour much I hope God will preserve him for Madam and the greatest evil that will happen to us upon her account will be the apprehension of bad Success If this misfortune should happen nothing is to be done but what you propose to wit to make Madam Guardian of her Children to make those who are in place trusty and faithful to her and absolutely to hinder the Cardinal of Savoy from returning to have a care of his and Prince Thomas's Cabals and to take care that Madam have a good wise and couragious Council well affected to her Interest and consequently to France from whence all her Peace must be deriv'd here you have in a few words the Plan according to which you must act I take you to be so wise and discreet that I do not doubt but that if you have judged that the Duke of Savoy's sickness will not end well you have already made some Application that way as far as in prudence you might that his Highness in his Will may appoint Madam Guardian of her Children and give an express Commandment to his Officers and Servants to acknowledge her in that Quality LETTER CCLXXXII To Monsieur d' Hemery upon the death of the Duke of Savoy SIR I Am so afflicted at the Duke of Savoy's death that it is impossible for me to express it This accident has so much the more affected me because it has surpris'd us when we thought least of it I have nothing to add to that which I wrote two days ago upon the subject of his Highness's sickness only that as I believe that Madam ought to make it her principal Aim to hinder her Brothers-in-law from entring into her States I think also she ought to relux that great and just Rigour which the Duke of Savoy had in depriving them of their Possessions Upon this ground I think she may let the Cardinal of Savoy know that she will suffer him to enjoy what belongs to him and mildly dispose him to live at Rome without pretending to return into Piedmont It is thought that Madam may restore him Masserati whom the Duke of Savoy has put in Prison and that this Man carrying him this news to Rome may dispose him of his own accord to do what Madam desires Whether it be by this way or any other it is altogether necessary to stand upon these Terms We find ourselves much troubled to nominate the Persons Madam ought to make use of you know Father Monod it is hard to pass him by in the conditions he is in it is also difficult to have any confidence in him The Marquess of St. Morice is a very good Man he is altogether joyn'd to Father Monod he was as you know Master of the Horse to Prince Thomas I fear that Father Monod endeavours to make Count Philippes perswade Madam that it signifies nothing to her whether or no the Cardinal of Savoy return into her States I do not tell you this without reason having seen some Men who have already perceiv'd that the Sentiments of some of that State tend that way and the desire of such Men can be no other but to strengthen and fortifie themselves against Madam upon all occasions when she doth not Act according to their desires and by this means to weaken her Authority You must above all things have a care of such Council by which neither Madam's nor her Childrens life will be secure Whatever Council her Highness is pleas'd to take it is reasonable she should impart it to the King and so that those who are chosen may know it was by his Majesty's Approbation We will send you by the first after what manner Henry the Second govern'd himself upon the like Occasion upon the death of the Duke of Savoy's Grand-father LETTER CCLXXXIII To Monsieur d' Hemery SIR THE Duke of Savoy having shewn the strength of his Judgment even to his death in making Madam Guardian of his Children she is oblig'd by Honour and Conscience to do her utmost to demonstrate to her State and all Christendom That she knows how to make use of that Power which his deceased Highness has bequeath'd her When she has taken the Oath of Fidelity from all the Chief Officers of her State and has well considered that there is no suspicious Person in place she can think of nothing more useful and necessary than to choose a good Council whose Reputation may add Credit to her Government And in order thereunto I think that she ought to make it her principal aim to hinder her Brothers-in-law from returning into her State or cabaling in her absence I think that in their Correction she must use Mildness and relax that just Rigour the Duke of Savoy used for their Good Upon this ground she may let them know her Resolution to suffer them to enjoy their Possessions and let them be desired at the same time not to pretend to enjoy them in any place but where they are It is thought that if Madam set at liberty the Cardinal of Savoy's Domestic which his late Highness had Imprisoned and send him to carry this News it will be a double Obligation to make him comply with Madam's desires It is a
Holiness will receive thereby it will be difficult to avoid its proving fatal to the Church and Carholick Religion by the multitude of Strangers of divers Nations and Religions who are preparing to run to the Duke of Savoy's assistance as to a common Cause both out of Dread and Jealousie of the encreasing Power of Spain and for the Justice of the Cause itself as well as by the example of others The assistance of the States of the Vnited Provinces has already been implor'd who will be the readier to grant it because it is against the King of Spain their ancient Adversary whom they will be pleas'd to see imploy'd and weaken'd in his Territories in Italy The Protestant Princes of Germany seem inclined to favour the same Cause out of the same Considerations and will do it yet more powerfully when they find the War begun in earnest A vast number of Captains and Soldiers this Kingdom swarms with at present upon the disbanding of the Army will freely repair thither for Imployment besides the Forces both of Foot and Horse the King is sending towards the Frontiers to assist the said Duke from thence if it be necessary under Marshal de Lesdiguieres Command a Person whose Name and Reputation is sufficiently known a resolution His Majesty can never desist from without a blemish to his Faith and Honor which are both engag'd to protect and defend the Duke when attack'd he not refusing to submit to reasonable Conditions besides that it is the Interest of his whole Kingdom not to suffer the King of Spain to extend his Dominions so near his Frontiers all which he may prevent with ease at present without fear or danger at home where all his Subjects express their Fidelity and the Nobility invites him to it by their Obedience Nevertheless the World may easily imagin with what Trouble and Grief His Majesty finds himself reduc'd to take this resolution living as he hath hitherto done and is still desirous to live with theâ— his Father-in-law having on both sides such dear Pledges of their mutual and fraternal Affection But the consideration of the Interest of his state joyn'd with the publick and private reasons heretofore alledged oblige his Majesty to prefer them to those Tyes of Friendship not violated by his Majesty but by those who force him to take measures so contrary to his Inclination tho lawful in themselves and worthy of a most Christian King zealous of the publick Peace as well as of the Safety of his real Friends Moreover his Majesty looks upon this means as the most effectual to promote a good understanding between the Parties and to prevent their proceeding any further For his Arms shall never be imployed to disturb the Peace of Christendom but on the contrary to settle it to oppose those that would interrupt it and to maintain every one in his Right protesting before GOD and Man that this is his real Intention and that he only takes Arms by force and constraint and for his Honor to preserve the said peace and to protect his Friends as it appears by the good Offices and Endeavours heretofore used by him and still continued with Vigor in Spain and elsewhere and will be farther evinced by real Effects in this and all other occasions This the Archbishop is to represent to his Holiness and to Cardinal Borghese to make them sensible of the Consequences of such a Resolution and Breach his Majesties sincere Intention in this affair the Endeavours he has used and still continues to prevent it together with the powerful motives and reasons inducing him thereunto to the end that being mov'd by their Affection and usual Prudence in affairs of such weight and consequence either by persons sent on purpose or by other means suitable to the urgency of the danger they may endeavour to prevail with the said King to encline to a Peace which will be more honourable more useful to his affairs and without any comparison far more advantageous for the Public Good than a War the events of which are uncertain long and liable to produce Effects contrary to our expectation and projects That in case the said Duke of Savoy should refuse to submit to Reason and to what shall be thought just by their common Friends his Majesty as he has already declared will not only be against him but will joyn his Arms with the said Rings to compel the said Duke to it by force espousing no Party on this occasion but that of Justice His Majesty being of opinion that the most effectual way to compass the end he proposes was to obtain a suspension of Arms on both sides during which means might be thought on for a reconciliation he propos'd the same to the Spanish Ambassador who answer'd That he had no Power to do it but that he would write to the King his Master about it to whom his Majesty has likewise made the same Proposition by his Ambassador in ordinary residing at his Court and his Holiness would do well to second the said Suspension by his entreaty and recommendation in order to its being the sooner granted by the said King lest matters being once exasperated and one side getting some considerable advantage over the other this Remedy as all others tending to a Negotiation should prove the more difficult and the evil encrease to the prejudice of all and particularly of those who despise the means of an accommodation But it will be needless to compose the Quarrel between the King of Spain and the Duke of Savoy unless that between the Republic of Venice and the Archduke Ferdinand be made up at the same time for whereas they are link'd by the Interest and Affection of the Parties the Public would profit but little by the one without the other And therefore his Majesty designs to put an end to both at once to remove all the Evils Italy is threatned with and it behoves his Holiness to be the more active and vigilant therein because some men presume to taâ—k at random about his Holiness's Inclination in this particular as if he were pleased with this occasion to resent some things that have pass'd of late years between his Beatitude and the said Venetians a thing we know to be very opposite to his Holiness's Wisdom and Piety and which nevertheless it imports him to provide against out of his Paternal Care to repel and dissipate such Impostures and Calumnies The said Archbishop is to manage those reasons dexterously to induce him the more to the desir'd effect and not to animate him by too rough a relation of the said reports The said Archbishop is to represent the same thing to the great Duke in his passage through Florence after having saluted and assur'd him of his Majesty's Good will knowing his affection for the Welfare and Friendship of those two Crowns as a person who had a great share in their conjunction in order to his using such means as he shall think most
same In the mean time the said Duke is to allow her by way of Pension 120000 Livres in French Money yearly And in order to make the said Payment effective it is agreed that the said Sum of 120000 Livres shall be taken Quarterly out of the Receipt of Bar and in case that should not suffise out of the Salt-Pits of Roziers and the Demesne of Nuncy And the said Summ is to be deposited into the hands of such a Person as shall be nominated by His Majesty to be deliver'd to the said Dutchess Nicolla of Lorrain The Contents above-written have been agreed upon between the Cardinal Duke of Richelieu for the King and the said Duke who promises to perform whatever is contain'd in the said Treaty with so much Fidelity and Steadiness that he consents besides what he leaves His Majesty by the same in order to remain inseparably united to the Crown that all the Remainder of his Territories which His Majesty does restore and is to restore after the Peace may devolve to the said Crown in case he does any wise deviate from the Tenour of this present Treaty Done at Paris March 9. 1641. Sign'd The Cardinal of Richlieu and Charles of Lorrain And Lower John le Molleur And Sign'd with the Small Seal of the Arms of the said Duke Charks of Lorrain Secret Articles pass'd between the Cardinal Duke of Richelieu and the Duke Charles of Lorrain to be of equal Force with the Treaty pass'd the same Day between them ALthough it be not said by the Treaty pass'd this Day between the Cardinal Duke of Richelleu for the King and the Duke of Lorrain that the Fortifications of the Cities of Nancy are to be ras'd before the said Cities are restor'd into the said Duke's Hands after the Peace nevertheless this present Article has been pass'd to justifie that His Majesty does not design to restore the said Cities to the said Duke until the Fortifications thereof are demolish'd and that notwithstanding the said Duke has made humble Supplication to His Majesty not to do it however he submits the Matter wholly to His Majesty to do therein as he shall think fit And whereas nothing but Time can absolutely restore the Confidence His Majesty did repose in the said Duke and which his Deportments towards him have made him lose it has been farther agreed That whenever the said Duke shall be absent from His Majesty or out of his Armies by his Order he is not to live at Luneville because it is too near Nancy and that whatever part of his Territories he shall make his Abode in he is to behave himself in such a manner that those who shall Command in the Places that are to remain in Propriety or as Pledges into His Majesty's Hands may have no Cause to conceive the least leasousies thereof It has also been agreed That the said Duke shall yearly furnish out of his Forests such Quantities of Wood as are necessary for the Fires of all the Corps du Guard of Nancy for His Majesty The Premises have been concluded between the Cardinal Duke of Richelieu for the King and the said Duke who promises to perform them with so much Fidelity that he consents besides what he yields by the Treaty pass'd this Day with His Majesty to remain for ever insepatably annex'd to the Crown that all the Remainder of his State which His Majesty does restore and is to restore unto him after the Peace shall devolve to the Crown in case he shall any wise swerve from the Tenour of these present Secret Articles Done at Paris March 29. 1641. Thus Signed The Cardinal Richelieu and Charles of Lorrain And Lower John le Molleur And Sign'd with the Small Seal of the Arms of the said Duke Charles of Lorrain The Act or Form of the Oath taken by the Duke Charles of Lorrain for the Observation of the abovesaid Treaty in His Majesty's Presence in the Chapel of the Castle of St. Germain en Laye THis present Tuesday being the 10th of April 1641. in the Presence of the most High most Excellent and most Puissant Prince Lewis by the Grace of God King of France and Navarre being in the Chapel of his Castle and Royal House of St. Germain en Laye after the solemn Performance of His Majesty's Vespers We Charles by the Grace of God Duke of Lorrain Marquis Duke of Calabria Bar Gueldres c. having Assisted at the said Vespers have Taken the Oath of the Observation of the Treaty concluded between the Cardinal Duke of Richelieu Peer of France in His Majesty's Name and Us the 29th of March last past The Tenour of which Oath is as followeth WE Charles by the Grace of God Duke of Lorrain Marquis Duke of Calabria Bar Gueldre c. do Swear and Promise by the Faith and Word of a Prince upon the holy Gospels of God and the Canons of the Mass by Us Touch'd in order thereunto that We will Observe and Perform cause to be Observ'd and Perform'd fully and really and Bona fide all and every Points and Articles granted and mention'd in the Treaty cencluded and agreed upon the same day between the Cardinal Duke of Richelieu Peer of France in the Name of the most High most Excellent and most Puissant Prince Lewis by the Grace of God King of France and of Navarre and Us without ever swerving from the same directly or indirectly or suffering the same to be swerv'd from on Our side in any manner whatever And so help Us God In Witness whereof We have sign'd these Presents with Our own Hand and have caus'd Our Seal to be fix'd to the same in the Chapel of the Castle and Royal House of St. Germain en Laye this 19th of April 1641. WHich said Oath was taken in the Presence of the most High most Excellent and most Potent Princess Anne by the Grace of God Queen of France and Navarre Royal Consort to His said Majesty as also before the Cardinal Duke of Richelieu the Duke of Longueville the Duke of Chevreuse Our Cousin Monsieur Seguier Lord Chancellor of France the Dukes d'Usez and of Vandatour of Monbason and of la Force of Chastillon Mareschal of France of Cinq Mars Master of the Horse Boutillier Super-Intendent of the Finances Phellipeaux de la Vrilliere Boutillier de Chavigny and Sublet de Noyers Secretaries of State the Bishop of Meaux First Almoner to His Majesty holding the Book of the holy Gospels and Canon of the Mass on which We held Our Hands in the Presence of Belmont Sinri Count Ligneville and Berup Colonels of Our Forces In Witness whereof We have sign'd these Presents with Our Hand and have caus'd Our Seal to be affix'd to the same on the Year and Day above-written Thus Sign'd CHARLES And Lower Le Molleur And Seal'd with the Arms of the said Duke The Act of the Ratification made in the City of Bar by the Duke Charles of Lorrain of the Treaty above-written and of the Secret
not venture his life and blood to defend so good a Cause and will do it generously provided he be assured that you take those Resolutions which are necessary for your safety which I in particular do passionately desire as being c. LETTER CCXXXIII To the Dutchess of Savoy MADAM I Have received those Letters which it pleased your Highness to honour me with which imparted both the joy you testifie for the happy Success of Cazal and the Accomodations of matters with your Brothers-in-law Whereupon I say that tho' I have explain'd my self sufficiently to your Ambassadour who I am certain has not omitted to send to you what I told him yet I cannot forbear to add That Prince Thomas's Conduct towards your Highness both by the rigour which he used toward those which he suspected to be well affected to your Service and by what he contributed toward the loss of Cazal and by the Artifices which he always used in the Negotiation which he manages with your Highness ought to make you break off entirely and prevent the Advantages which he hopes will accrue thereby and to make use of those which the Victory of Cazal gives you I cannot conceive how they who have the honour to be nigh your Highness if they are well affected to your Service can suggest any other counsel seeing if you listen to such a Negotiation you afford a notable opportunity to your Enemies to prejudice your Affairs If they will perswade you that by this Accommodation you secure the Tuition of your Son and that you will receive some advantage by the change which the Princes agree to make of the Governors of the Places which they hold I am amaz'd that common sence doth not dictate that in dividing your Authority with your Brothers-in-law it will by so much the more be diminish'd as the fear which the Subjects and Magistrates shall have of them will induce them rather to be on their side than yours As to what they declare to you that this Agreement may put an end to the Civil War in Piedmont one must be void of judgment not to foresee that your Highness being allied to France and the Princess to Spain the cause of the Division and consequently the War still remains Further it would be very prejudicial to the King 's and your Highness's Service if His Majesty should attack Turin while you are agreed with your Brothers-in-law Because in this case every one would say That it was not your Son's interest which put you upon this design but his Majesty's to possess himself of this place And since he writes particularly to his Ambassadour upon this subject to let you know his mind I shall not say any thing about it in this Letter But yet I will add before I conclude That those who advise you to continue the Negotiation with those Princes and to conclude it without an Union at the same time with France for your Interest testify too publickly that the fear of them prevails more than the affection which they owe to your Highness upon which account give me leave to add That it would Madam have been very serviceable to you that after so much contempt which Prince Thomas has shewn of your Highness if you had neither admitted him into your Presence nor given Audience to his Envoy and the rather because he has raised some difficulties about some matters relating to your Son 's and your Interest for if you had done thus you had oblig'd him to have recourse to more humble measures to regain your Highness's Friendship seeing that the happy success of his Majesty's Arms at Cazel may in time reduce him to great extremities To conclude I beseech your Highness to consider that all your Welfare next to God depends upon the King's Protection and to follow the advice he gives you who have no other end but to defend you from your Enemies and to re-establish your Son and yourself in such a Condition as he desires which as to my particular I wish with all the Zeal imaginable both for the Glory of his Majesty and your Son's and Highness's Welfare c. P. S. The Affair of Querasque let 's you see that beside the Premises Prince Thomas has no other Design but to reduce your States by amusing you with fine Words LETTER CCXXXV To the Dutchess of Savoy MADAM I Cannot tell who it is that advises you at present to go into Piedmont while your Affairs are in those circumstances since such a Journey may be so far from making them better that it may be dangerous to your Person When Turin is taken you may go into Piedmont with reputation and deporting yourself with discretion which you generally do your Presence will be useful to your Son's and your own interest If something must be denied Prince Thomas it is better that your Ministers should do it than your Highness And it is more convenient that you be at some distance from Turin than nigh it till it is taken As to the Composition of Turin which you are pleased to mention the King will give the Count de Harcourt Orders what he shall do both for your Advantage and his Service As his Majesty is always disposed to receive Prince Thomas when he has a mind to unite himself to France it is convenient to use to your advantage the present opportunity which God is pleased to give you and so to behave yourself as not not to lose the Fruit by too much precipitation The Letters which were taken in the Baggage of the Marquess de Leganez give you such a manifest proof of the Infidelity with which Prince Thomas seemed to treat with your Highness that you must either be blind or your own Enemy if you do not believe that all his Treaties with you will be of the same nature unless he come over for the King and wholly deceive the Spaniards The best and the only thing that you can do for the advancement of your Affairs is to send all the Troops you can to the Count Harcourt without losing a moment and use all diligence to promote that business He on his part labours with so much Care and Expence that he deserves to be seconded by your Highness in such an important Juncture As for me Madam nothing shall be wanting on my part to testifie that I am c. I am glad that your Highness has given Orders for the Security of Montmeillian in expelling Monod he was a very dangerous Man in a place of that consequence LETTER CCXXXVI To Monsieur de la Cour. SIR I Am very glad to learn by your Express the Passages of the Place where you are and Madam's present Inclination to unite herself intirely to the King's Interest and to follow the Advice which his Majesty and his Servants shall give her for her Welfare But she has hitherto been so insensible that I fear it is only a seeming Change in her Mind and that she has no mind to be
Receipt of this News by reason of the Benefit which from thence redounds to his Affairs nor my own particular Joy for the Honour you have acquir'd by it I shall therefore only tell yee that there is no need of exciting you to pursue those Advantages you shall meet with after this which you have so fortunately gain'd from the Spaniard assuring my self that it will be a sufficient Incentive to quicken your Prowess LETTER CXXXVII To the same I Write you these Lines to acquaint yee with what you may have already understood by other hands which is that the King desires you would send a List of all the Prisoners that are in the Army and that none may be set at liberty till you have known his Pleasure Once more I rejoice with you for the happy Victory you have gain'd over the Enemy This will encourage your Army to continue their Progresses and your Prudence to manage Affairs so that the Enemy may not take their Revenge for the Loss they have sustain'd I most passionately wish that you may not only have as much Advantage over 'em as the Justice of the King's Arms requires but what is due to the Valour of Montâ—nerency of whom I am c. LETTER CXXXVIII To the same THIS Letter is only to give you Notice that the fear we were in least the Pestilence which spreads it self very near this place shou'd not have that respect for the person of the King which I could wish that all the world had for him is the reason that his Majesty has taken a resolution to retire toward Montmelians or Barrault till the Troops which he has sent for back in order to send 'em into Italy begin their March We expect with Impatience to hear news from your self and wish that you may send us something answerable to your Glorious Passage gain'd at Veillana I stay here to see wherein I may serve yee on the other side nor shall I omit any thing that lies in his power of whom you may dispose as being c. LETTER CXXXIX To the same I have seen the Memoir which you sent me by the Sieur de Varicarville containing your Advice upon the Affairs of Piedmont I shall not repeat what is within it because I know you have a Copy of it I must only tell yee that the King will be very well pleas'd if you do what you shall seem most convenient for his Service and that he looks upon all those who have the principal Commands in his Army to be so prudent that he makes no question but that you consult all together upon the most advantageous methods you are to take He refers it therefore to your own and the judgments of Marshal de la Force M. d' Effiat and of all those to whom such designs may be imparted to resolve and put in Execution what shall be most beneficial for the Affairs of Italy As to the expence which will be requisite to that Effect M. the Sur-intendant shall have no reason to complain as to those things wherein he is concern'd As for the Army which is to be form'd at Susa you may believe there has been no time lost to bring it to pass and it will be an easie thing to convince you of it since it is the King who takes the principal care of it and labours in it more then any body and for that the Queen his Mother has not been spairing several ways of her pains to the same end M. the Marshall de Schomberg is to head this new Army and will hold so Cordial a Correspondence with you that you will be extreamly satisfy'd You know his Frankness and his Affection for the King's Service which is very sincere I cannot but rejoyce for your good Success in the Battel of Carignan I hope these successes will continue and I would be willing to contribute towards 'em more then my Life if that might avail LETTER CXL To the same in 1631. YOU will have a particular Accompt by the King's dispatches which this Gentleman brings you of what has been resolv'd upon in the affair of the Commissaries which you wrote to me about I make no doubt but you will accomplish whatever you undertake and particularly that you will put an end to this according to his Majesty's intention knowing the pains which hitherto you have taken in it I beseech you to believe that the Affection which I bear you is and will be ever such that time will never be able to make any Alteration on my part being grounded upon your Noble Qualities which makes me hope that they will always render you like your self M. de Soudeilles can send you word as I find by your Letter he has already done how often I have discours'd him upon this subject I promise to my self that you will yield an entire belief to what I say and that there is no person who honours yee more or more sincerely desires to serve you then my self who am and will be ever c. LETTER CXLI To the Duke of Rohan I put Pen to Paper on purpose to give a particular answer to the points contain'd in your Letter which the Sieur Prioleau deliver'd me in your Name referring my self to the Secretaries of State to give you satisfaction 'T will suffize me to let you know the King 's unspeakable Contentment and how acceptable the Tidings of your last Victory gain'd by the valour of his Arms over the Enemy at Morbeigne where to him especially preceded by so many others wherewith it has pleas'd God to bless him Nor must I forget my own particular joy considering the share I take in what concerns the encrease of your Honour His Majesty therefore to testify how sensible he is of your good Success and his acknowledgment of your good Services has been pleas'd to give a mark of both which the said Sieur Prioleaux will make known to yee For which reason I shall add nothing farther to what he has in charge to say to yee upon this subject only that I shall always wish the Augmentation of your Fame and of what may give you any satisfaction as much as you your self can do as being c. LETTER CXLII To the same HIS Majesty is so highly sensibly of the proofs which you have given him of your Valour and your Conduct in these your last Atcheivments that he thought he could not give you a more Honourable Testimony both of the esteem he has for your Person and his acknowledgment of your Signal Services then by honouring you with the Employment of He promises himself that this will be a motive not a little prevalent to excite your prowess by augmenting the Reputation of his Arms in the places where you are to continue the encrease of your own For which I will most cherfully be always your surety to his Majesty knowing well that I shall never be put to the trouble to pay for a Person who can never acquire so much Honour
for the good and peace of Italy as well as for the sake of the Catholick Religion the advantage of which he may assure himself his Majesty will ever be one of the first to promote with all his power But there is some danger as it has often been represented in being too obstinate for one of losing both together For it is most certain that the said Leagues of the Grisons are not oblig'd by the Articles of the Treaty to maintain the Catholick Religion alone in Valtelina and consequently the Spaniards cannot insist on this without a Breach of the Treaty and without wounding his Majesty's Royal Intermission But moreover to remove this borrow'd Veil and to go beyond them by a Zeal not apparent but truly sincere of Religion though this be not included in the said Agreement he will imploy his Credit and lively Remonstrances towards the said Grisons by his Ambassadors and use all other reasonable means to prevail with them for the preservation of the said Religion in Valtelina though not in the nature of a Condition as abovesaid it not being mention'd in the Treaty and they being oblig'd notwithstanding a refusal to accomplish the said Agreement and to perform the said full and intire Restitution That in case his Majesty can succeed in this design it will be a great comfort to his Holiness whose Nuncio in Switzerland must be order'd to facilitate with his Majesty's Ministers all honest and sure means to hasten the said Râ—stitution His Majesty presses this Affair being justly press'd by the thing it self and by the Persons concern'd therein which should invite his Holiness to double his vigilance and serious Instances in Spain otherwise he will find by real Effects that his Majesty's foresight has been good and his care in so many places very praise worthy But in order the better to convince his Holiness of the truth of the premisses here is a very certain and most visible Argument thereof The Spaniards who boast and seem very desirous of promoting the good and advancement of the Catholick Religion in Germany where they had promis'd to Invest the Duke of Bavaria with both the Palatinates are now out of Reasons of State more reserv'd in the matter out of fear of displeasing the King of Great Britain and lest the Duke of Bavaria should grow too powerful in Germany Causes altogether Temporal which hinder them from advancing the Glory and Holy Name of God in so fair an occasion while his Majesty shows himself more inclinable and favourable to it for though the Elector Palatin is Ally'd to him he knows in his Soul what he has done on that subject where it was necessary to show his good intention His Holiness's Officers and his Nuncio here have discover'd it themselves and that it was only a Blind u'sd by them to abuse the most simple but not capable of obscuring the prudence and clear sight of his Holiness who will be prais'd and bless'd by God and Men for endeavouring to prevent Usurpations and to maintain the publick Peace which are the only Ends his Majesty proposes But the said Commandore is chiefly to insist on the Mischiefs that may insue for the Publick these Crowns proceeding to a Breach which his Majesty will prevent to the utmost of his power by the advantages the Turk will easily gain by the division of the Christian Princes Whereas being united as it is his Holiness's Office to keep them and to which his Piety and other good Considerations should incline him above all things considering the present state of the Turks great progresses might be made against them But our Sins and Discords making us unworthy of that happiness we must implore the goodness of God and his Holiness by Prayers and Exhortations must use his utmost Endeavours to reconcile the hearts of Christian Princes to an Enterprize so holy so important and so seasible at this time according to the knowledge the King has of the now State of the Grand Seignor's Affairs and Provinces This business of Valtelina being adjusted before which nothing can be resolved on if his Holiness finds a good Disposition in other Princes His Majesty will ever be ready to second his good Intentions and to promote them to the utmost of his power It is His Majesty's Desire that the Honour of a Design so pious and so full of Glory should be reserv'd to the Happiness of this Pontificate and that in order thereunto His Holiness would be pleas'd to continue his best Endeavours for the Pacification of the Troubles of Italy as well as those that are kindling in Germany that the chief Princes of Christendom having no other Quarrels to decide may be the better able to unite their Wills and â—orces for this holy Enterprize His Majesty is very sensible that none are so busie on the Stage of the World as the Spaniards in order to extend their Empire more and more which will not only be the Occasion of neglecting the Opportunities of this Christian Project but also of uniting the Protestant Princes more strictly to oppose the Projects of the House of Austria And while this Game lasts the Turk will have many fair Occasions to improve it to their Cost and Shame and the Christâ—anâ— themselves will pay the Faults of their Ambition and Imprudence The Emperor having re-gain'd Bohemia which had been taken from him seems to have more Cause to let his Arms rest in order to provide against this common Enemy than to satisfie the Passion of another who leads him under his Authority to a Design which keeps him in Servitude himself and makes him share the publick Loss For here is Work cut out for a long time unless the Parties will put an end to it themselves since there is Reason to believe that the King of Great Britain with his Confederates will not let his Son-in-Law perish and that the States-General of the United Provinces will neither be so weak nor so destitute of Friends and of Assistance as to fall so soon by the Efforts of the Arms of Spain And in the mean time the great Occasions of doing good as to the general slip away Princes weaken each other by vexatious bloody Exercises thereby giving great Advantages to a potent Enemy who is only with-held by his Ignorance of our Condition or by the Hand of God who in his Mercy has not yet given us over to his Wrath. But we have reason to fear that the Continuance of this Misfortune will draw it upon us as being too unworthy of his Favours in not having made use of the fair Opportunities he had given us of making great Progresses against this Enemy in these last Ages The said Commandore is also to enquire of the Cardinals de Sourdis and Bentivoglio on what Terms the Marriage propos'd between Spain and England stands at present not to raise the least Obstacle against it His Majesty having had several Occasions so to do since he first was inform'd of it had he
we desire than to have none at all That by the Means of the half French Garison in Brisac Matters being well order'd the King will always be Master of it according to his Pleasure and that in case of Necessity it were better to venture the Loss of the Army to gain it I had rather being able to defend my self with good Reasons run the hazard of being disown'd and of losing my Life than to survive the Reproach which the King His Eminence and all France might upbraid me with in case the Forces of the late Duke of Weymar and the Town of Brisac the most important in all Europe should pass into any Hands besides the King 's Founded upon these Reasons my Opinion is That if those we are to treat with will not submit to our Terms we must agree to theirs send our French Garison into Brisac with some chosen Officers and march with the Army Count Guebriant is of the same Opinion but Baron d'Oysonville's Sentiments are different from ours perhaps they are better While the aforesaid Colonel's Answer was expected the said Count and Baron thought fit to send me to Colmar to give the Duke of Longuoville an Account of all those Transactions and to receive his Orders which I found to be very different from Monsieur Guebriant's Opinion and mine Nevertheless having made him sensible of the Importance of the Preservation of that Army and that it would infallibly perish if we should tarry for new Orders from the Court he told me that he would agree and that instead of marching with the Forces towards the County of Burgundy as it had been propos'd he would make no difficulty of joining immediately with the German Body and go up the Rhine again towards Landaw Guerinsen and Spire to make himself Master of them and to be in a Condition to pass the Rhine to take Winter-Quarters in the Lower Pulatinate as soon as the Oath was agreed on The Duke of Longueville added moreover that by his Advice we might agree in all things except the Oath That it would be necessary before our joining to send half the French Gaiâ—son into Brisac and in order to facilitate all things rather to grant them part of their Quarter of May or the whole if it could not be done otherwise I did yield to this Expedient as being very good if it can succeed We will propose it and in case it be not agreed unto I still persist in my Opinion to pass the Oath on the Conditions propos'd by the Directors and the Officers of the Army rather than run the hazard of some unexpected Accident The rather too because the last Clause of the said Oath by which the Governors promise never to deliver up the Place to any whatever without the King's Leave seems to secure all And that His Majesty having his Choice to take what Governor he shall think sit out of the German Body it will be very easie to secure those he will put into the said Garisons before he gives them their Commissions The Treaty between the King and the Directors and Officers of the Army of the late Duke of Weymar THE King being acquainted with the Death of the Duke of Weymar and still continuing to have the same Sentiments he has always express'd for the Restauration of the Liberty of Germany His Majesty has deputed Count Guebriant the Sieur de Cholsy and the Baron d'Oysonville in order to agree with the Directors and Officers of the Army Commanded by the late Duke of Weymar about the most effectual Means for the Preservation of the said Army the Good and Promotion of the common Cause In Performance whereof the said Deputies Directors and Officers have agreed that the Treaties made between His Majesty and the late Duke of Weymar as to what concerns the said Army the Confederate Princes Towns and Sâ—ates shall be executed according to their Form and Tenour with the Reserve and Augmentation of the following Articles First His Majesty grants and expects that the Forces commanded by the late Duke of Weymar shall remain in one Body as he seem'd to desire it by his last Will and Testament and that under the Direction of the Officers that have been nominated That the Artillery shall still be Commanded by the same Officers who had the Command of it under the late Duke of Weymar and commonly join'd to the German Body and that the French Mareschals de Camp and the Directors of the German Forces shall have the Power to give them such Orders as shall be necessary That in case which God forbid the said Army or part thereof should chance to be ruin'd by some ill Encounter of War or other inevitable Accident the King promises to grant the Officers extraordinary Means to recruit the said Forces and put themselves in a Condition to continue their Services His Majesty also promises forthwith to pay the Quarter of May in ready Money amounting to 200000 Crowns to be employ'd for the Payment of a Muster for the whole Army As also to furnish in good valuable Assignations 600000 Livres more for the Third Quarter of this present Year due on the last Day of September last Out of which 600000 Livres of the Third Quarter the Directors and Officers of the said Army are to employ 300000 Livres to re-mount their Cavalry and to put their Forces in a good Condition Moreover His Majesty promises to allow all the Forces both Horse and Foot of which the said Body shall be compos'd three Quarters and an half yearly according to the Capitulation they had made with the late Duke of Weymar of which they shall be oblig'd immediately to give a Copy to His Majesty's Deputies The said Half Muster to be employ'd by the Officers for Recruits and for the Re-establishment of their Forces and the three Musters for the Payment of the Officers and Soldiers according to the Reviews that shall be made of them by the Commissaries and Comptrollers deputed by His Majesty for that effect The first of which Musters is to begin from this present Day to be paid on the last Day of December of the present Year the two others Quarterly and the Half Muster on the last of September 1640. and thus consecutively The whole shall be paid in weighty Pistoles at the Rate of four Rix-Dollers per Pistole and no more or in equivalent Money His Majesty is also to pay to the General-Officers and to those of the Artillery eight Musters yearly in the like Species as aforesaid As for the Officers of the Carriages since there are Difficulties in the Maintenance of Horses Agreements shall be made with them suitable to the Times and Reason and that according to the Sallaries allow'd them by the late Duke of Weymar A Copy of the Capitulations or State of which is also to be immediately deliver'd to the said Deputies Moreover His Majesty is also to furnish the Warlike Ammunitions that are necessary and to allow all the extraordinary Charges
be concern'd to be for the future and during the Course of the War and in time of Peace inviolably link'd to the Interest of this Crown and to hold no Intelligence with those of the House of Austria and other Enemies of this State nor with any whatever that would disturb the Happiness and Prosperity of His Majesty's Affairs Also after the said Duke's having renounc'd all the Treaties he may have made any wise contrary to the Tenour of this His Majesty consents to restore him the Possession of the Dutchy of Lorrain and of the Dutchy of Bar held from the Crown for which he is immediately to pay Faith and Homage to the King As also into the Possession of all the Territories he enjoy'd for the time past excepting such as follow First The County and Town of Clermont and all their Appurtenances and Dependencies which are to remain for ever united to the Crown Secondly The Garisons Provostships and Lands of Stâ—nay and of Janets which are likewise to remain to His Majesty and his Successors Kings for ever in Propriety with all the Revenues thereof and all the Villages and Territories thereunto belonging Thirdly The City of Dun and the Suburbs thereof which is also to remain in Propriety to His Majesty and to his Successors Fourthly The City of Nancy which is to remain also in His Majesty's Hands as a Pledge only during the War and to be restor'd to the said Duke the same Year a Peace shall be concluded with the Villages within the Liberties of the said City of Nancy which are to remain in the Hands and Dispositions of His Majesty for the Convenience and Subsistence of the City of Nancy as long as it shall remain as a Pledge It is agreed that the Town of Marsal is to be demolish'd before it be deliver'd to the said Duke and that no Fortifications are ever to be made there again It is also agreed upon That Trade shall be as free between the Territories the King restores to the said Duke and those that remain to His Majesty either in Propriety or as Pledges only as if they did actually belong to him And that whatever shall be necessary for their Subsistence shall not be deny'd them by the said Duke and his Subjects at the rate the said Commodities shall go at in the said Duke's Territories Moreover That the said Duke shall give a free Passage in his Country to all the Forces His Majesty shall think fit to send that way either into Alsatia or other Parts of Germany into the Country of Luxemburg or into the Franche-Comte and shall furnish them with Provisions the King paying for the same at the common Market-price of the Country It has been farther agreed That the said Duke shall presently join the Forces he has with him at this time as well as all those he may have for the future with the King 's That they shall take an Oath well and faithfully to serve His Majesty under the said Duke's Authority towards and against all those he is at present in War with in such places and in such a manner as he shall think fit And that for the future they shall receive the same Pay in the Field as His Majesty's do on Condition however that they shall not be allow'd to take Winter-Quarters in France but only in the said Duke's Territories or Enemies Country It has also been agreed That the said Duke shall not be allow'd to lodge any of the said Troops nearer than within five Leagues of Nancy whilst the said City shall remain as a Pledge And whereas notwithstanding His Majesty's restoring the said Duke's Tervitories as abovesaid there still remain several Differences that were undecided before the War in relation to the said Territories which are still to be disputed with France it is agreed that they shall be determin'd amicably as soon as can be Moreover Whereas since His Majesty's having conquer'd Lorrain by Force of Arms a great Number of the Subjects of the said Dutchy have serv'd His Majesty after having taken the Oath of Allegiance he has exacted from them it is also agreed that the said Duke shall bear them no Ill Will for the same but on the contrary shall use them like his good and real Subjects and shall pay them the Debts and Rents the State is oblig'd to pay Which His Majesty desires so particularly that unless he had repos'd an absolute Confidence in the Faith which the said Duke has engag'd on that Subject he would never have granted what he does by this Treaty to the said Duke It is also agreed That it shall not be in the power of the said Duke to make the least Alterations in the Benefices given by His Majesty to the very Day of this present Treaty That those who have been invested with them shall remain in the peaceable Possession and Enjoyment thereof without the least Disturbance or Trouble from the said Duke or being dis-possess'd of the same And that His Majesty shall continue to have the Disposition of the Benefices of the City of Nancy as long as the said City remains for a Pledge in his hands without changing the Settlement of the said Benefices And as for the Offices of the Criminal Justice that are in the said City of Nancy they shall also remain in His Majesty's Gift to the end that such as are invested with the same may perform the Function thereof independently within the said City and the Liberties thereof His Majesty giving his Consent to the said Duke to transferr the Bayliwick of Nancy into such a place as he shall think fit there to decide all the Differences which were formerly judg'd in the said Court of Justice of Nancy excepting only such as are above specify'd It is also agreed That the said Duke shall not be allow'd to send any Person into Nancy there to reside in his Name unless it be to receive the Duties of his Demesne for which he shall be oblig'd to employ a French-man approv'd by the King It is moreover agreed That the Consiscations that have been given by His Majesty of the Estates of such as did bear Arms against him shall remain valid as to the Employment of the Revenues of the said Estates until the Day of the present Treaty provided those whose Estates have been confiscated quit the Service of His Majesty's Enemies In which Case they shall be restor'd to the Possession and Enjoyment of their Estates but without being allow'd to profecute or trouble those who have enjoy'd them by virtue of the said Gifts in any manner or upon any pretence whatever No mention is made in this Treaty of the Difference between the said Duke and the Dutchess Nicolla of Lorrain Daughter to the late Duke Henry about their Marriage by reason that the Decision thereof belongs only to the Ecclesiastical Tribunal and that His Holiness before whom the Parties have brought their Cause will do them Right according to the Justice of the
Obedience without any Conditions but their Fidelity and his Majesty's Goodness And he is so well satisfied with their Service and Assistance at present that he promises to himself by their good Advice and Counsel together with that of those whom the late King had always imployed with Success in his most important Affairs and were removed by the Malice of that pernicious Man to reign by the Grace of the Almighty the inspirer of the Hearts of Kings and their Director to Justice and to his Glory in all Equity and Goodness over his Subjects in Peace and Amity with his Neighbours and in all Reverence towards the Holy See and his Beatitude on all occasions If our Holy Father enquires ' Why then his Majesty did not rather chuse the common Methods of Justice in punishing him for his notorious Crimes that he might serve as an Example to Posterity the said Archbishop is to answer That it was his Majesty's Intention so to do and that it was so ordered But that the Persons commanded to apprehend him perceiving that he was guarded and preparing to defend himself were obliged to have recourse to this Extremity for fear of missing an Opportunity of such consequence for his Majesty's Service who is an Enemy to Blood and to such extraordinary Proceedings tho' just on such occasions This Accident falling out the King took particular care to send an ample account thereof to the Queen his Mother whose Goodness and Favours he had too much abus'd She was soon sensible that His Majesty had been forc'd to it for no other consideration but the welfare of his Affairs for which she has always shew'd her self very affectionate since the Death of the late King her Lord cherish'd and cheerfully embrac'd every Occasion to promote the Good Honour and Advantage of the State to His Majesty's Satisfaction and Glory who was very desirous that according to her affection and experience in the affairs of his State she would have been pleas'd still to continue that Care and to ease and assist him with her assiduity and prudent Councils But she desired to be excused of so great a Burthen have Leave to remove from Court and the hurry of affairs to apply her self with more Freedom to the Service of God and a quiet Life So that the King preferring her Desire and Satisfaction to that of her Presence and the advantage of her assistance yielded tho with great regret to her Entreaties and reiterated Instances to retire causing his Guards to accompany her honourably with her own to the place which she her self had made choice of and desired for her abode and the King endeavours to alleviate the Trouble of her absence by frequent Messages and Visits to enquire after her Health This she answers with the like care and affection which is a Subject of great Joy and Comfort to all those who observe this Royal Correspondence and his Majesty's Filial Respect with that natural and reciprocal affection which the said Queen contributes towards it And this His Majesty is resolved to continue on all occasions more by real effects than by any outward formal appearances to acquit himself of his Duty and Obligations to her for the constant care she has had of his Royal Person and for the Welfare of his Kingdom As to the present Difference between the King of Spain and the Duke of Savoy every body knows and particularly his Holiness to whom a particular account has been given from time to time of those Transactions the earnest Endeavours used by His Majesty at the very beginning to prevent the misfortunes and accidents which arise at present to His Majesty's great Sorrow who has not only represented the same to the Emperor King of Spain and the said Duke of Savoy and where-ever else it was necessary but has also sent three Embassies extraordinary at the Desire and Entreaty of the said King of Spain the second of which produced the Treaty of Ast not observed since by the said King and his Ministers employ'd in the Government of the Dutchy of Milan This obliged the Duke of Savoy again to provide for his Defence and Safety and his Majesty to â—enew his good Offices on both sides by the Sieur de Bethane to mediate and resume the said accommodation But the Treaty has been since removed into Spain without consulting the Marquis de Senescey his Majesty's Ambassador in ordinary there any wise about it or ever acquainting his Majesty with the Cause of this sudden removal and alteration notwithstanding he had been so zealous in promoting it at the earnest Entreaty of the said Catholick King without any prospect but that of the Publick Good However the King is not so much concerned at their Endeavours to deprive him of the Honour of the Agreement after his having taken the mediation thereof upon him at their Entreaty as he is to find that the said Negotiation has not succeeded to the satisfaction of the Parties neither does he any wise envy any body the honour and satisfaction thereof provided so good a Work be done no matter by whose means But he has a just cause of Displeasure and to complain that notwithstanding such good Offices and Demonstrations of Friendship made in all Candor and Sincerity for their common satisfaction the said King has all of a sudden unexpectedly and without acquainting his Majesty therewith attack'd the said Duke with open Force even besieging his chief Cities and Fortresses contrary to his often reiterated Promises and Assurances that it was his Desire to compose this Difference amicably and that he would attempt nothing to the disadvantage of the said Duke or of his Dominions This Proceeding has no less surprized his Majesty than enflamed his Courage and obliged him to take Resolutions which he all-along endeavoured to avoid by mildness and treaties his Honour and the Interest of France not permitting him to suffer the Duke of Savor's being opprest especially he not refusing to submit to reasonable Conditions when offered to him which on his part has not been done hitherto in which case he would be the first to blame his Highness and to compel him to condescend by force as he will always be against those that shall molest him or invade his Territories against Justice and Reason This His Majesty has declared to the said King's Ambassador residing at his Court and has caused the same to be represented to the King himself by his Minister in Spain That comparing the just Causes and reasons thereof with the perils and misfortunes that may arise and are to be expected from the sequel of such a resolution he might rather chuse a Treaty to compose all things amicably than to prosecute a Design attended with many Inconveniences very prejudicial to the general Peace and to the particular Repose of Italy that will be made the Theatre on which this bloody Tragedy will be acted to the disadvantage of the Princes and States thereof And besides the sensible Displeasure his