Bologna is a City of Romandiola in Italy an Archbishop's See erected by Pope Gregory XIII a Bolognese of the Family of BonCompagno who in 1582. brought also the University here into great Fame It has been under the Popes ever since Julius II. who extorted it from the Bentivolio's it is beautiful and a populous City and thought one of the principal Cities of Italy the second at least in the States of the Church 25 Miles from Ferrara towards the South at the Foot of the Apennine Mountains near the little River Reno extraordinarily full of Gentry It was heretofore a Roman Colony till it submitted to the Lombards in the 8th Century And being afterwards a Republick it maintained a War 3 years with the Republick of Venice and another with the Emperor Frederick II. whose Natural Son Euzelin became its Prisoner Honoriuus II. Lucius II. Gregory XIII Innocent IX and Gregory XV. were all born here and Alexander V. died here Lewis the Son of Lotharius deprived this City of its Walls in 844. They chose the Bentivolio's for their Princes in 1308. who were conquer'd by John Galeacio in 1308. Here was a Council held in 1310. In 1529. The Emperor Charles V. was Crown'd in the most Noble Church of S. Petronio here by Pope Clement VII And the Council of Trent was removed hither in 1547. holding their 9th and 10th Sessions under Pope Paul III. It lies in Long. 33. 35. Lat. 44. 15. About 6 Miles in Compass and indifferently well fortified Governed under the Pope by a Legate a Latere with the privilege of keeping an Embassadour for its Service at Rome where it is treated more like a Sister than a Subject The University carries the greatest Name of any now in Europe for the Canon and Civil Laws whence Bononia docet they say to a Proverb The Streets are furnished with arched Galleries for Preservation against Heat in the Nature somewhat of the Rows at Chester The Body of S. Dominique Founder of the Dominican Order lies interr'd in a stately Convent of that Order here The Metropolitan Church of S. Peters is built according to the same Plat with that of S. Peters at Rome An Academy of the Otiosi is erected in this City And for the learned Authors produc'd by the University see the Bibliotheca of Joh. Antonius Bumaldi The adjacent Country has the Name of the Bolognese from hence See Bolognese Boot an Island of Scotland in the Streights betwixt the Isle of Arran and the Province of Argyle Bopart Bopartium Bodobriga a Town in the Archbishoprick of Treves upon the Rhine in Germany betwixt Coblentz and S. Goar Boquerano a litte Island of Asia in the Indian Ocean about 8 Leagues from Borneo Borcholm a Fortress in the Island of Oeland near Gothia in the Baltick Sea not above two Miles from Calmar East in Lat. 56. 50. and Long. 34. 17. Borcholt a small Town upon the River Aa in the Province of Westphalia in Germany under the Bishop of Munster Bordelong Bordelona a Town beyond the Ganges belonging to the Kingdom of Siam It has a Port upon the Gulph of Siam betwixt Lingor and Singora Borgo a Town in the Province of Finland in the Kingdom of Sweden upon the Gulph of Finland betwixt Vibourg and Revel Borgo S. Donnino a City in the Dutchy of Parma in Italy with a Bishops See erected by Pope Clement VIII and placed under the Archbishop of Bologna by Pope Paul V. Heretofore call'd Fidentia and Julia. It s ancient Abbey was destroyed by the Emperor Frederick II. Borgosan Sepulchro Biturgia a City in the States of the Great Duke of Tuscany in Italy with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Florence Some Synodical Constitutions were made here in 1641. Borgo di Sessia a Town properly in the Milanese in Italy but belonging to the States of the Duke of Savoy upon the River Sessia from whence it receives this Name Borgo-Ual-Di-Taro a Town and Fortress in the States of the Duke of Parma in Italy upon the Borders of the States of Genoua Boria Belsinum a City of the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain 11 Miles from Zaragosa to the East Boriquen one of the greatest Leeward Islands upon the Western Coast of America betwixt S. Croix and Porto rico under the Spaniards The Natives of this Island in the beginning believed the Spaniards were Immortal till one Salsedo they saw happened to be drowned in the River of Guarabo Borysthenes See Nieper Bormes Bormanico a Town and Barony in Provence in France betwixt Thoulon and S. Tropes near the Sea Bormia a River within the States of the Republick of Genoua in Italy formed by 2 Rivulets of this Name that rise in Piedmont and unite at Sessana Thence Bormia passes by Acqui receives some other small Rivers and is received itself by the Tanaro near Alexandria della Paglia Bormio the Italian Name for Worms in Germany See Worms § Also a small Town and County in the Country of the Grisons upon the River Adda near the Valteline Borneo one of the greatest Islands in the East-Indies between Sumatra to the West Java to the South Celebes to the East and the Philippine Islands to the North. It is of a round shape and the Line cuts the Southern part of it Reported to be 1800 Miles in Compass and to contain several Kingdoms but the truth is the Eastern parts of this Island were never well discovered by the Europeans yet Borneo the principal City lies on the North-Western Shoar in a Bay It is a rich populous place well Traded built in a low ground not much unlike Venice and has belonging to it a capacious Haven Bornheim a Territory and its Capital Town with a Castle in the Earldom of Flanders being a part of the demeans properly belonging to the said Earldom Bornholm Boringia an Island in the Baltick Sea taken by the Swedes in 1644. from the Danes and afterwards ceded to them in 1658. by the Treaty of Roschill but restored again in consideration of an Equivalent of Royal Demeans in Schonen This Island affords excellent Pasturage and Cattle It lies towards the furthest parts of Bleking and has a goodly Town called Nex and a Castle named Sandhamer Borno a Kingdom a Town a Desart and a Lake in the Division of Nigritia in Africa being the Country of the antient Garamantes The Kingdom stands bounded with Nubia to the East Berdoa and Gaoga to the North Gangara to the West and the Niger to the South Bosa Bosi Bossa an antient City in the Island of Sardinia with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sassari betwixt Oristagni to the South and Sassari to the North. Boscasle a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Lesnewth which Elects 2 Members of Parliament Boscobell a Name deservedly given to the Royal Oak which served as an Asylum to King Charles II. for some days after the Battle of Worcester in Sep. 1651. about 4 Miles from VVolverhampton in Staffordshire Bosleduc Boscum Ducis now called
Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Formipt Gedrosia a Province on the East of the Kingdom of Persia now by others called Send which is bounded on the East by India on the South by the Ocean on the West by Macran and on the North by the Desart of Segista Formosa an Island by the Spaniards so named from the beauty and fertility of its soil in the Oriental Ocean twenty four Leagues from China towards the Coasts of the Provinces of Fochien and Quantung Inhabited by about 25000 Chinese who govern themselves in the manner of a Republick without acknowledging of any King or Sovereign The Hollanders expell'd the Portuguese hence in 1635 and the Chinese them in 1661. It is a hundred and thirty Leagues in circuit a hundred and fifty distant from Japan and subject to Earthquakes Called otherwise Lequeio Talieukieâ— and Paccande It s principal Town is Theovan or Tayoan at which the Hollanders built a Fort with the name of Zeland There is a Golden Mine found in this Island Le Fornaci one of the Mouths of the River Po in the Dukedom of Ferrara about six Miles from the other Mouth by this the Po di Ariano dischargeth it self into the Adriatick Sea it serves also as a Boundary between the Pope and the Venetians and iâ— more commonly called il Porto di Goro Fornoue a small Town in the Parmesan in Italy remembred by the Battel of Charles VIII King of France in his return from the Conquest of Naples at which with nine thousand men only he got the Victory over an Army of forty thousand of the Confederates July 6. 1495. Forstler a City in Hassia See Frislar Fort de Alinges a Fort in Savoy upon the River Drance two Leagues from the Lake Lemane which is now forsaken and ruined Forta-ventura one of the Azores West of Canaria About seventy Leagues in Circuit but in the middle not above four over There is a Town in it of the same Name Forth See Fryth Fort-Louis a Cittadel in the Island of Cayenne in the South America at the Mouth of the River Cayenne Built by the French in 1643. Taken by the Hollanders in 1675. and retaken by the French the year after Fortoro Tifernus a River of Abruzzo it ariseth out of the Apennine in the County of Molise in the Kingdom of Naples near the City of Boiano and flowing to the North-West watereth Lucito Guardia Alferes and Iscano and falls into the Adriatick Sea between Tremole and Trino over against the Isle di Tremiti This River is more usually called Biferno Fossa Cremera a River of Italy much mentioned in all the ancient Historians for the ruine of the Faâ—iâ— a great Roman Family it springeth out of the Lake of Bacano in S. Peter's Patrimony and running Eastward falls into the Tibur six Miles above Rome Fossano Fossanum a City of Piedmont upon the River Stâ—ra which falls into the Po it lies between Saluces to the North and Mondovi to the South fifteen Miles from Alba to the West built in 1236. and now a Bishops See founded by Pope Gregory XIII under the Archbishop of Turin Fossat Memphis the first Name of Grand Cairo and a small part of it Fossato Fossatum a Field in Romandiola near Ravenna Theodoricus King of the Ostrogoths in Italy who was honoured by Zeno the Emperour with a Statue and a Triumph in 484 had leave from the Emperour to enter a War with Odoacer then reigning in Italy and accordingly beat him in this place about 491. § Fossato a Town in the States of the Church in the Marchia Anconitana on the Apennine Hills near the Confines of the Dukedom of Vrbine twelve Miles from Eugubio to the West Fosse-Werd a Territory in West-Friesland Fossigny or Foucigni Fociniacus Tractus a Province in the Dukedom of Savoy at the foot of the Alpes which is a part of the Dukedom of Geneva between le Vallâ—ys to the East and the State of Geneva to the West Heretofore a dependent of the Dauphinate but now subject to the Duke of Savoy There are in it thirteen Mandements or Districts and the chief Town is Bonville The Title of a Barony is annexed to it Fossombruno Fossombrone Forum Sempronii a City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in the State of the Church which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vrbino it stands near the River Metro Metaurus which falls into the Adriatick Sea four Miles from Senogalla about half a Mile from the place where the old City stood and is ten Miles from Vrbino to the East It was sold to the Duke of Vrbino by Galeatius Malatesta the Lord of it for thirteen thousand Florins of Gold in the time of Pope Sixtus VI. Fossone Fossae one of the Mouths of the River Po. Fotheringhay-Castle a Town and ancient Castle in the County of Northampton in the Hundred of Willibrook pleasantly surrounded with the Meadows on all sides Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded here Foulsham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Eynesford Fougeres Fugeria Fulgerium a City in Bretagne in France upon the River Coesnon towards the Borders of Normandy eight Miles from Auranches Abrincae to the South and as many from Dole Heretofore a Place of considerable Strength but now neglected It was seized by the English in time of Truce in 1448. in the Reign of Henry VI. Fowey a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder returning two Burgesses to the Parliament Fraemont commonly called Pilate's Mount is a Mountain in Switzerland near Lucerne having a Spring at the Top of it Fraga Fragues Flavia Gallicâ— a strong Town in the Kingdom of Arragon upon the River Cinca or Cinga which falls into the Segne and with it into the Ebro in the Borders of Catalonia it stands three Leagues from Ilerda to the South-West Near this place Alphonsus VII King of Arragon was overthrown and slain by the Moors in 1134. Fraires Fratres Nesides two small Islands on the Coast of Bretagne called the Brothers or les Isles de Vannes they lie between the Mouth of the Loire and the Calonesus or Bell-Isle on the Southern Coast of that Province Framlingham a small Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Looes upon a Clay-hill near the head of the River Ore called by others Winchel where was anciently a strong large Castle of Saxon Work belonging to the Bigotâ—s by the bounty of Henry I. in which Robert Earl of Leicester took his quarters in the Rebellion against King Henry II. To this Castle in 1553. Queen Mary retreated and by the assistance of the Protestant Gentry of that County recovered the Crown of England Frampton a Market Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Goâ—berton upon a River which affords plenty of good Fish Franc Pagus Francus is a Jurisdiction extending seven Leagues about Bruges which exerciseth is Authority without the Walls and the fourth Member of the Earldom of Flanders Gant Bruges and
the French in 1673. but now return'd under its former Master Ham a City in Picardy in France in Vermandois upon the River Some four Leagues from S. Quintin to the South-West and sixteen from Amiens to the East Haman Hama Emisa Apamea a City of Syria called vulgarly Hems. It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Orontes now called Farfar between Arethusa to the North and Laodicea to the South about forty three Miles from Damascus to the North eighty from Antioch and thirty from Aleppo Our later Maps make Haman and Hemz two several places Apamea and Emisa are by Baudrand made several Cities Vid. Hemz Hamay or Haimage a Town and Monastery in Flanders Hamburgh Gambrivii Hamburgum Treva is one of the most celebrated Cities and Sea-Ports of Germany seated in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Holstein upon the River Elbe yet an Imperial Free City not subject to any Prince and one of the Principal Hanse-Towns in Germany Heretofore it was dignified with an Archbishops See but the Chair was removed to Bremen in 830. by Ansgarius the Bishop with the Consent of Lewis the Emperour This City is placed in the Territory of Stormaren eighteen German Miles from the German Ocean which yet Tides up to it fifteen from Bremen to the North ten from Lubeck to the South and seven from Stade to the East Very strongly fortified rich populous and in a growing condition It has its Name from one Hâ—mmion a great Man its Benefactor Charles the Great erected it against the Danes in 809 Heridagus was the first Ansgarius the second and last Archbishop of it Subject to Albion Prince of the North Elbingers in the beginning afterwards to Herman Billengen Son of Otto the First Duke of the Lower Saxony and to his Son Bennâ—s after him in whom this Line ended Adolphus Count of Schawenburg in 1137. governed this City and Holstein for Lotharius Duke of Saxony Adolphus III. granted it many and great Privileges for Money â—â— which were confirmed by Frederick Barbarossa the Emperour In his absence in the East Henry the Lion ruin'd it but Adolphus upon his return recovered and rebuilt it he did not long survive being slain in Battel in 1203. by Waldemarus Duke of Sleswick Brother of Canutus King of Denmark Canutus gave this City to Albertus Duke of Orlamand who sold his Right which Sale was confirmed by Adolphus the third Duke of Holstein and ever since the City has been a Free State though the Dukes of Holstein still pretend a Right and Title to it Frederick II. in 1579. had a Controversie with it which was ended by the payment of Money It embraced the Lutheran Confession at the first Publication of it yet it tolerates the Caâ—oinists and gave shelter to the English in the Reign of Queen Mary who in 1554. fled hither In 1686. the present King of Denmark suddenly sat down before it with an Army of thirty thousand Men but the Winter coming on and the Neighbour Princes espousing their Cause and sending them Forces into the City he was forced to retire those within on whom he relied being discovered and afterwards Tryed and Executed They think themselves obliged hereby to be very jealous of all the motions of that King to whom they declare their firm Resolutions to maintain to the uttermost all their Privileges and Immunities whatsoever There is hardly in the World a finer City nor a larger and safer Port than this it is said to have done Homage to Christian III. as Duke of Holstein in 1604. Hamel a Town near Corbie upon a River that falls into the Some in Picardy Hamelen Hamala Hamelia a City of Germany in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick between Hildesheim to the East and Paderborne to the West upon the Visurgis Weser which parts this Dukedom from Westphalia and beneath Bremen falls into the German Ocean It stands twenty Miles from Bremen to the South-East fourteen from Brunswick to the South-West twenty six from Hamburgh to the South and twenty three from Fuld to the North. This City belongs to the Bishop of Hildesheim and the Earl of Lippe was heretofore under the Abbot of Fuld before Albert Duke of Brunswick received it into his Protection which in time turned from a Protectory to a Sovereign Jurisdiction as is usual It is now under the Duke of Brunswick Hannouer Near this Place the Austrians received a fatal Overthrow from the Suedes and Lunenburgers at the Castle of Ottendorp in 1633. Hamiltown a Castle in the County of Cluydsdale in Scotland upon the Cluyd or Glotta above Bothwel ten English Miles from Glascow to the South and thirty five from Edenburgh to the West which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best Families in Scotland in whose Possession it is Hammeren Hammaria a City of Norway which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim in the Province of Aggerhuis in the Confines of Dalecarlia a Province of Sweden very small It stands thirty Swedish Miles from Bergen to the East and twenty from Anslo Ansloga to the North. This Bishoprick is united to that of Anslo Hampton-Court a Noble Country House belonging to the King of England in Middlesex ten Miles from London on the Thames built by Cardinal Woolsey in the Reign of Henry VIII who also built White-Hall the common Residence of our Kings ever since Hamsa See Haman Hanaw Hanovia a strong Town in Franconia in Germany upon the River Kinâ—z which a little lower falls into the Mayne between Franckfort to the West and Aschaffenburg to the East three Miles from either and ten from Marpurg to the South This City has suffered very much in the late Swedish and German Wars Hani Ecbatana a great City in the Kingdom of Persia the Capital of the Medes and a Regal City mentioned by Pliny Strabo and Ptolemy Said to be built by Arphaxad now supposed to be Tauris See Tauris Hannonia See Hainault Hannover Hannower Hannovera Hanouer a German City in the Dukedom of Brunswick in the Territory of Calemberg upon the River Leina Leine which falls into the Weser beneath Ferden four Miles above Bremen from which last Hannover stands sixteen Miles to the South-West five from Hildesheim to the North-West and six from Brunswick to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but afterwards exempted It s Prince who is of the House of Brunswick possesseth one half of the Dukedom of Brunswick with the Territory of Calemberg and Grubenhagen and has under him Hannover Hamelen Gottingen Newstad and Limbeck This City is very well fortified The present Duke John Frederick is a Roman Catholick younger Brother to the Duke of Zell But the City of Hannover was one of those which entered the Smalcaldick League as appeareth in Sleidan And therefore I suppose the People are generally of the Reformed Religion Hantshire Hantonia a County in the West of England bounded on the South by the British Sea and the Isle
it is a low Marshy or Hollow Soil and much over-spread with Waters It is great too and very fruitful having on the North the Zuider Sea on the West the German Ocean on the South Zealand and Brabant and on the East Vtrecht Guelderland and a part of the Zuider About sixty Leagues in Circuit therein containing twenty nine walled Towns besides others heretofore walled which enjoy the same privileges with those that are and four hundred Villages eighteen of the principal Towns have Seats in the Assemblies of the States General to wit Dort Haerlem Delft Leyden Amsterdam Goude Rotterdam Gorcum Schiedam Schoonhoven Briel Alcmaer Hoorne Enchuysen Edam Monnikendam Medenblik and Purmerend Yet the diameter of this Province may be traversed in six hours In former times it was more extended towards the East of Nimeguen it s District being then a part of Holland The Batavi a Warlike Nation possessed the greatest part of this Country in the times of the Roman Empire who were conquered by Julius Caesar with the rest of the Galls of whom this was then thought a part After the Roman Empire was overthrown in the West this Province being almost dispeopled by the Inroads of the Norman Pyrats was given by Charles the Bald to Thierrie or Theodorick a Prince of Aquitain Son of Sigebert about 863. with the Title of a Count or Earl his Posterity enjoyed it till 1206. in seventeen Descents when it passed to the Earls of Hainault in which Family it continued till 1417. and then it passed by the Surrender of Jaqueline Countess of Hainaule and Holland to Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy and so to the Spaniards When Philip II. treated this Free People ill they revolted and in 1572. submitted to VVilliam of Nassau Prince of Orange and in 1581. declared King Philip to have forfeited all his Sovereignty and having leagued themselves with their Neighbour States they defended themselves so well against that Prince by the assistance of Queen Elizabeth that at last they forced the Spaniards to acknowledge them a Free State And though the French King Lewis XIV by a sudden Surprize brought them very low in the year 1672. yet the next year they forced him to withdraw his Garrisons and recovered every inch of Ground from him The Prince of Orange though a Child in Age out-doing by the blessing of Heaven the oldest States-men and the most experienced Generals In the East-Indies the Hollanders are the Sovereign Governours of the Coast of Coromandel the Islands of Amboine Banda Ternate Ceylon and the City of Malaca part of the Islands of Sumatra and Celebes and divers places upon the Coast of Malabar § They have also given the Name of New Holland to a Region of the Terra Australis by them discovered in 1644. to the South of New Guiney and the Moluccaes To a Territory of Moscovia near the Streights of VVeigats by them named the the Streights of Nassaw upon the North Sea And lastly to a Country in the North America upon the Canadian Ocean betwixt Virginia and New France South-West of New England and East of the Irâ—quois in Canada But this latter has been been in the hands of the English since 1665. Holdenby a Castle belonging to the Crown in Northamptonshire where King Charles the Martyr was kept a Prisoner by the Parliamentarians from Feb. 17. 1646. to June 4. 1647. when by Cornet Joyce one of the Officers of the Rebels he was carried to Childersley and thence to Newmarket Here that afflicted Prince had leisure to compose that excellent Piece after his death Printed under the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which contributed more to the Re-establishment of his Children and the Reviving his oppressed Honour than all the Armies and Forces in the World could have done Holderness the most South-Eastern Promontory or Cape in Yorkshire called Ocellum by Ptolemy It lies North of Saltfleet a Town in Lincolnshire and shoots it self forth into the Sea a great way There are divers Towns in it King James I. created John Ramsey Viscount Hardington in Scotland Earl of this Place and Baron of Kingston upon Thames Anno 1620. The late Prince Rupert bore the same Title by the Creation of King Charles I. in 1643. which is now enjoyed by Conyers D' Arcie the present Earl of Holderness of the Creation of King Charles II. La Hougst Vast or Port de la Hogue Oga or Ogasti Vedasti a Haven or Sea-Port-Town in the Territory of Coutances in Normandy ten Miles from Bayeux to the West and sixteen from Caen to the same Holstein Holsatia that is as the Name signifies in the German Tongue the Hollow Stone or Rock or rather a Country overgrown with Woods and Forests as Holt signifies in the German Tongue is a Dukedom of great extent in the Lower Saxony in Germany though often comprehended in the Kingdom of Denmark because a part of it is subject to that Crown It was anciently a part of the Chersonesus Cimbrica bounded on the North by the Dukedom of Sleswick or South-Jutland on the West with the German Ocean on the East with the Baltick Sea and on the South with the Dukedoms of Bremen and Lunenburgh separated from it by the Elbe It is divided into four parts Dithmarsen Holstein Stormaren and VVageron The principal Cities in it are Lubeck and Hamburgh which are Hanse-Towns or Imperial Free Cities besides which there are Kiel and Rensburg in Holstein Krempend and Gluckstad in Stormaren Part of this Dukedom is under the King of Denmark and part of it under the Duke of Holstein The ancient Inhabitants were the Saxons our Ancestors who about 449. began the Conquest of Britain which perhaps were but some Tribes of the Cimbrians The rest which remained in Germany were conquered with the Saxons by Charles the Great and continued under the Empire till 1114. when Lotharius the Emperour gave Holst or Holstein properly so called to Adolf of Schaumburgh with the Title of Earl of Holstein whose Posterity enjoyed it till 1459. in eleven Descents when Christiern of Oldenburgh King of Denmark Sweden and Norway Son of Theodorick Earl of Oldenburgh and of Hedvigis Sister of Henry and Adolph the two last Earls of Holstein succeeded in the Earldom of Holstein The present Dukes of Holstein are descended from Christiern II. King of Denmark who died in 1533. From Christian III. one of his Sons are descended the Dukes of Holstein Regalis from Adolph another Son are derived the Dukes of Holstein Gottorp But this Work will not permit me to pursue these Lines any further Holt a Market Town in the County of Norfolk The Capital of its hundred Holy Island a small Island upon the Coast of the County of Northumberland not far from Berwick in which there is one Town with a Church and Castle and a good haven defended by a Block-house The Air and Soil not very grateful yet well accommodated with Fish and Fowl It s ancient Name was Lindisfarne a famous Episcopal
in the Province of Languedoo in the Territory of Givaudan upon the River Colange towards the Borders of Rouergne seven Leagues from S. Flour in Auvergne to the South and almost four from Mende the Capital of Givandan to the West some write it Marologium Maryland a considerable Country and Colony of the English in the North America in forty deg of Latitude Bounded with Pensylvania New-England and New York to the North with the Atlantick and De la Ware Bay to the East the River Potomeck which divides it from Virginia to the South and the Indian Territories to the West It contains ten Counties The Capital Town of all is S. Maries which is well built and provided with a convenient Harbour for Shipping Masandran Hyrcania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia upon the Caspian Sea which is called the Masandran Sea also from this Province as it was before the Hyrcanian Sea There is a City in this Province of the same Name Masano Massalia a River in the Isle of Candy or Crete Masay Misauci Pagus Mosanus a Canton amongst the Grisons called by the Inhabitants Maeslandt Masbate one of the Philippine Islands which is under the Spaniards Mascalate a City in Arabia Foelix about sixty Miles from the Shoars of the Persian Gulph which is the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 85. 10. Lat. 24. 10. Mascate a City together with a Sovereign Principality on the South-Eastern Shoar of Arabia Foelix upon the Gulph of Ormus which has a convenient Haven and a strong Castle built by the Portuguese who for a long time were Masters of it but some few years since were beaten out by the King of Mascate Long. 94. 00. Lat. 24. 27. Mascon Matiscona Matisco a City of France in the Dukedom of Burgundy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lyon and has a Territory belonging to it of the same Name It stands upon a rising ground upon the River Saone in the Borders of the Province of Bresse and it has a Stone Bridge over the Saone Eleven Miles saith Baudrand from Lyon to the North and Challon to the South Long. 26. 07. Lat. 46. 00. according to the newest Maps Le Masconois is a small Territory in the South part of the Dukedom of Burgundy to which it is annexed for ever whereas heretofore it had Counts of its own it lies between the Territory of Challon to the North Beaujolois to the South La Bresse to the East and Foretz to the West Maseyck See Maeseyck Masfa a City in Arabia Foelix in the inland parts three hundred Miles from Ormus and two hundred from Mascate to the West The same with that which was called of old Maspha as some think and now the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 90. 00. Lat. 23. 00. Masham a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Hangeast upon the River Youre Masiers Maderiacum a strong City in the Province of Champaign seated upon the East Side of the Maes which almost surrounds it about half a League from Charleville to the South-East four from Sedan to the West six from Bouillon to the North and fifteen from Namur to the South It is now in a thriving state Masotto the same with Masano a River in Candy Masovie Mazovia a Province in the Kingdom of Poland the Capital of which is Warsaw called by the Poles Mazowskie by the Germans Masaw and by the French Masovie On the East it has Lithuania on the North Prussia on the West the Greater Poland and on the South the Lesser Poland It is divided into four Palatinates which have their Names from the Cities of Mazow Ploczko Dobrin and Podlach This was once a separate and independent Dukedom which submitted to the Crown of Poland under Casimir the Great but continued under its own Duke till the year 1526. when upon the Death of John and Stanislaus the two last Dukes it was united under Sigismond I. King of Poland to that Kingdom Massa or Massa di Carrara Massa Carraiae a Town in Italy between the Dukedom of Florence and the State of Genoua great and well peopled lately adorned with the Title of a Dukedom it being also a small Sovereignty twelve Miles from Sarasana to the South-East twenty five from Lucca to North-West and three from the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea Most famous for its excellent Quarries of Marble Massa di Sorriento Massa Lubrensis a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Lavoro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sorriento small and not much inhabited It stands twenty Miles from Naples to the South on the opposite Shoar of the Bay of Naples and about nine from the Town of Capri to the North-East Built in 1465. in a place of great height and natural Strength Massa Massa Veternensis a small City in the Territory of Siena in Italy within five Miles of the Tyrrhenian Sea thirty five from Siena to the South-West and twenty from Piombino to the North-East made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena in the stead of Populonium a ruined City on this Shoar called Porto Barbato yet it is very small Built upon a Hill under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence The Dukedom of Massa is a small Territory between the States of Genoua to the West the Dukedom of Florence to the North the States of Lucca to the East and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the South under its own Duke who is of the House of Cibo whereas before it was but a Principality The principal places are Massa and Cararia which last though very small is a Marquisate and lies five Miles from Sarasana to the South thirty from Pisa to the North. Massagetae an ancient Scythian people Some place them about the Palus Moeotis and the Euxine Sea Others towards the Mountain Imaus and the Country now called Zagathai in Tartary They dwelt in Tents and sacrificed to the Sun Masserano Massoranum a small Town in Piedmont upon a Hill sixteen Miles from Iurea to the East and eight from Vercelli to the North. This is the Capital of a Principality under its own Prince who is under the Protection of the Pope He has Crevacore and some other places of small importance Masulepatan Musulepatanum a City and Sea-Port in the Hither East-Indies on the Shoars of the Bay of Bengala in the Kingdom of Golconda which has a convenient Harbour and a Castle heretofore in the hands of the Portuguese Mataca a Bay on the North side of the Island of Cuba in America where all the Spanish Galeons in their return to Spain touch for Water and where the Dutch defeated a Fleet of those Galeons richly laden in 1627. Mataman a Kingdom of Africa to the West of the Aethiopick Ocean betwixt Caffreria and the Kingdom of Angola and towards the River Verte Matan one of the Philippine Islands in the East-Indian Ocean where the famous Magellan some say died It
See under the Archbishop of Zara in Dalmatia Osinio Auximum a City in the Marchia Anconitana in Italy upon the River Muzo ten Miles from Ancona to the South It is a Bishop's See under no Metropolitan but the Pope in whose Dominion it is and in a Consumptive Condition Lucan calls it Auximon A Synod was held at it in 1593. Osma or Osmo Oxoma Vxama a ruined City in Old Castile upon the River Douro which is yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo eighteen Leagues from Burgos to the South This City was ruined by the Moors The Avion and Vxero fall both near this City into the Douro In 1550. there was a small University opened here Osmanili Bithynia a Province in the Lesser Asia Osnaburgh See Osenburgh Osrhoene Osroene and Osdroene an antient Province of Mesopotamia in Asia near Comagena upon the Euphrates In the year 197. an early Synod was assembled here about the Celebration of Easter Ossa a Mountain of Thessaly near the River Peneus and the Mountains Pelion and Olympus equally with them famous in the Writings of the ancient Poets Since otherwise called Monte Cassovo and Olira § Strabo writes of another Mountain Ossa in the Peloponnesus and Ptolomy of a City so called in Macedonia § The River Ossa is the same with the modern Fiore Osset an ancient City of Hispania Boetica now in the Kingdom of Andaluzia near Sevil in Spain with the name of Triana In the sixth Century there was a flourishing Roman Catholick Church in this City whose Cause against the Arrians was pretended to be favoured by Miracles Ossona Ansa a small ruined City in Catalonia in Spain which is yet a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tarragona Seated in a Plain not far from the River Tera eight Leagues from Girone to the West and seventeen from Barcinona to the North and inhabited by few Ossery Osseria a Tract in the Province of Leinster in Queens-County which is both an Earldom and a Bishoprick The Bishop resides at Kilkenny being a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Dublin The Earldom belongs to the Duke of Ormond and deserves a particular regard on that account Ossuna Orsona a small City in Andalusia thirteen Leagues from Sevil to the East which is a Dukedom Ostende Ostenda a Sea-Port Town in Flanders seated in a Marsh at the Mouth of the River Geule well fortified and still under the King of Spain It stands three Leagues from Newport to the South-East and four from Bruges This Town was besieged from July 5. 1601. to September 22. 1604. by the Spaniards being then in the Hands of the Hollanders And at last was taken for want of Ground to defend it by Albert Archduke of Austria upon good Articles Osterlandt Ositia a Tract in Misnia between Thuringia to the West Voigtland to the South Leipsick to the North and Ertzeburgisce to the East The greatest part of it is under the Duke of Saxony VVeymar and the chief Town is Altemburgh Ostia an ancient City built by Ancus Martius King of the Romans upon the Sea of Thuscany at the Mouth of the Tiber where it formerly had a famous Port in the Ecclesiastical State It is a Bishop's See continually attributed to the Dean of the College of Cardinals S. Monica the Mother of S. Augustine died at it In 1556. the Duke of Alva took it but the Pope's Forces retook it soon after It had the Fortune to be destroyed by the Saracens in their times Ostioug a City and Province on the East of Russia The City stands upon the River Suchana where it receives the Jug a hundred and eighty Miles from Wologda to the East and fifty from the Dwina Ostrogothia Ostrogothland or East Gothland a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden Bounded on the North by Sueonia on the West by Westrogothia on the South by Smaland and on the East by the Baltick Sea The principal Cities are Norkoping Soderkoping and Stegeborg The antient Ostrogathi and Wisigothi had this distinction in their names from their living the one in Italy the other on this side the Mountains Ostrovizza a Fort in the County of Zara in Dalmatia surrounded with delightful Forests Pasturage and Springs in so good an Air withal as renders its Situation charming About a hundred years ago the Venetians took it from the Turks and burnt it And after the latter had again rebuilt it the Morlaques of Croatia in 1682. set a second time fire to it But in 1683. the Venetians entered upon a setled Possession of it and secured it with a Garrison Ostuni Ostunum a City of the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Brindisi towards the Shoars of the Adriatick sixteen Miles from Brindisi to the West and twenty two from Taranto to the South-East Oswestrée a Market Town in Shropshire The Capital of its Hundred near the Borders of Wales Otford a Town in the County of Kent in Sutton Lath near the River Darent where Canutus the Dane in a Battel with King Edmund Ironside was put to flight with the loss of five thousand Men. It is a Town of good Antiquity Otley a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Skirack upon the River Wharfe Otranto Hydruntum Hydrus a City in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishop's See and the Capital of a Province of the same name on the Shoars of the Adriatick to which it hath a Port forty five Miles from Brindisi to the South twenty four from Gallipoli to the East This City was taken and miserably ruined by Mahomet II. Emperor of the Turks in 1480. But he dying soon after Alphonsus Duke of Calabria â—ate down before it and took it before the Turks were in condition to relieve their Garrison There is now in it a strong Castle situated upon a Rock In 1567 a Provincial Synod was assembled here La Terra d'Otranto the Province which takes its name from the City last mentioned is bounded on the East South and West with the Mediterranean Sea on the North by Bari and the Basilicate This was a part of the ancient Calabria and has many Greeks living on the South side The principal Places next Otranto are Lecca Brindisi Gallipoli Matera and Taranto Ottenwalt Otthoma Sylva a Forest in the Palatinate of the Rhine between the Maine and the Necker which has been under that Elector ever since 1465. It lies in the Confines of Franconia towards Gerawer and the Earldom of Erpach Ottercy S. Mary a Market Town in Devonsh The Capital of its Hundred Otthen Ottonium See Odensee Oudenarde Aldenarda Aldenardum a Town in Flanders of great strength divided by the Scheld into two parts and strengthened by a Castle called Pamele which is joyned to the Town by a fair Bridge over the Scheld It lies five Leagues from Gaunt and six from Tournay Taken by the French in 1658. and 1667. Besieged without success by the Spaniards
Slaughter made of the Inhabitants It continued after this under the Dukes of Milan till together with Milan it fell into the Hands of Lewis XII King of France in 1499. Pope Julius in 1512 got the Possession of it In 1545. Pope Paul III. Created Lewis his Natural Son Duke of this City who was slain for his Cruelty and wickedness by some Gentlemen hereof and the place put into the Hands of Charles V. in 1547. Philip II. his Son ten years after this granted it to the Duke of Parma whose Posterity of the House of Farnese enjoy it now This was the Country of Pope Gregory X. Pope Vrban II in 1094 or 95. celebrated a Council here in which the divorced Empress Wife to Henry III. presented her Complaints There have been other small Councils held here The Territory il Piacentino or il ducato di Ptacenza has some considerable Towns and Springs in it with Mines of Iron and Brass La Piave Anassus Plavis a River of the Marquisate di Treviso in Italy which springs out of the Carnick Alpes in the Borders of Germany and Carinthia near the Fountains of the Drave And flowing Southward through this Marquisate to water the Cities of Cadorino Belluno and Feltria it takes in the Bceto Calore and the Cordevolio then falls into the Adriatick Sea thirteen Miles from Venice to the East Picardie Picardia a Province on the North of France towards the Low Countries between Champagne to the East Hainault and Artois to the North the British Sea and Normandy to the West and the Isle of France to the South Heretofore much greater than now part of it being now taken into the Isle of France to wit le Beauvoisis le Noyonois le Laonois and le Valois there remaining to it le Boulenois le Ponthieu le Sansterre le Vermandois la Tierache and l' Amienois But it has also had some additions made to it by the Conquests in Artois The Capital of this Province is Amiens The other good Towns are Abbeville Boulogne Calais Doulens S. Quintin la Fere Guise Ham Monstrevil Perone and Roye The Rivers watering it are the Somme the Oyse the Authie the Canche c. Piceni and Picentini two distinct Tribes or Regions of the ancient People of Italy The one contained now in the modern Marcha Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church the other the latter in a part of the Hither Principate in the Kingdom of Naples Both subjected under the Romans about the year of Rome 480. Pichtland Fyrth Fretum Picticum the Streight between the North of Scotland and the Isles of Orkney Picighitome Piceleo a strong Town in the Milanese in Italy upon the River Adda betwixt Cremona and Lodi where Francis I. King of France remained a Prisoner after his being taken by the Army of the Emperor Charles V. at the Battel of Pavia It s Cittadel was heretofore built by one of the Dukes of Milan Pickering a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire The Capital of its Hundred upon a small River falling into the Derwent Not far from the Sea Pico or Pica one of the Islands of the Atlantick Ocean which is one of the Azores extending twelve Miles from East to West under the Portuguese Picolmaio a River of Paragua in South America which ariseth in Peru near the City of La Plata and falls into the River of the same name after a long Course and the addition of many smaller Rivers The Picts Picti It is not very certainly concluded whether this ancient Nation of Barbarians first came into the Isles of Orkney then Scotland out of Scythia or out of Denmark But having by force established themselves in the Counties of Fife and Lothaine they grew in the descent of time by enter-marriages and contracts with the Scots to make one People with them And it is supposed their name comes from their custom of painting their Bodies See Phictiaid The Picts Wall Vallum Hadriani Murus Picticus was the most ancient Boundary between England and Scotland begun by Hadrian the Emperour to separate the Picts or Barbarous Northern Nations from the Civilized Roman-Britains in 123. It reached from Eden in Cumberland to Tine in Northumberland first made only of Turf supported by Stakes and strengthened by Pallisadoes Severus the Emperor repaired it and made it much stronger in 207. Before these times there had been one made in the narrowest part of Scotland first by Agricola and after by Lollius Vrbicus under Antonius Pius but these Countries being not thought worth the keeping Severus fixed the Bounds finally where Hadrian had at first seâ—led them and erected this Wall of solid Stone with Towers at the distance of a Mile from each other from the Irish to the German Sea eighty Miles in length This Wall was repaired by Carausius under Dioclesian the Emperor about 286. Having been ruined by the Picts in several places about 388 it was again repaired by the Britains after the defeat of the Picts by the assistance of the Romans about 404. In 406. it was beaten down by the Picts Aetius a Roman General rebuilt it the last time of Brick about 430. So left the British to defend it The Scots ruined it again the next year after which it was never more regarded but only as a Boundary between the two Nations by Consent It ran on the North side of the Tine and the Irthing two considerable Rivers The Tract appears at this day in many places in Cumberland and Northumberland so many hundred years not having been able to deface intirely that great Roman Work Pidanemo Apidanus a River of Thessalia it ariseth from Mount Gomphos and watering Pharsalus and taking in the Enipeus the Melax and the Phoenix falls into the Peneus above Larissa with a very swist Current Piedmont Piedmontium Pedemontium is a Province of Italy towards France and Switzerland called by the French Piedmont by the Spaniards Piamonte by the Germans Das Pemund by the English Piedmont which signifies the foot of the Hills It has the honour to be stiled a Principality under the Duke of Savoy having been of old called Gallia Subalpina Great well watered fruitful and populous extended between the Dukedoms of Milan and Montferrat to the East the States of Genoua and the County of Nizza to the South the Dauphine and Savoy to the West the Dukedom of Auostor Osta and a small part of Milan to the North. It contains the Marquisate of Saluzzo the County d' Asti the Territories of Verellese Biellese Albesano and Piedmont properly so called together with a part of the Dukedom of Montferrat The Capital of this Province is Turin Torino the other Cities are Asti Biela Jurea Fossano Mondovi Pignerol under the French Saluzzo Susa lately taken by the French and Verelli Under the Lombards this was called the Dukedom of Turin The History of it belongs properly to Savoy of which this is but a Province The Taurini Salassii Segusiani c. were the ancient Inhabitants thereof
Sancha of Castile Wise to Alphonsus II. King of Arragon sirnamed the Chaste who after the Death of her Husband took the Habit her self in this House and divers Princesses with her She endowed it with large Revenues and a very considerable Jurisdiction to the Benefices and Cures whereof the Prioress at this day nominates and hath a Voice and Seat in the Provincial Chapter of Arragon The House is walled like a Fortress with a Noble Palace in it for the Residence of the Prioress who attains to her Dignity by the Election of the Religious They bear the name also of the Ladies of Malta as owing Fidelity and Obedience by Oath to the Great Master of the Knights of Malta from which though they substracted about the year 1470. to put themselves immediately under the Pope Yet in 1569. they returned again to it fearing otherwise to fall under the Spiritual Jurisdiction of the Bishop of Lerida The persons admitted must make proof of their quality as Ladies They wear a large Cross in white Silk upon their Breasts and in time of Office bear in their hands a Silver Scepter as the Badges of their Order Skeningrave a small Sea-Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire West from Mulgrave Castle The Seal-Fish appear in great Shoals about the Rocks here Skipton a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Staincliff and the Tract of Craven upon a Stream falling into the River Are. Skofde Skofda a small City in Westrogothia in Sweden Skye Skia an Island on the West of Scotland fifty Miles in length from East to West It lies about three Miles from the Shoars of Rosse to the West and has never a Town or City of Note Sladitza Osmus a River of Bulgaria The Sleeve the Sea between France and England or the Streights of Calais Slawkow Slaukovia a City in Bohemia in Moravia called by the Germans Austerlitz it stands five Miles from Olmitz to the South Sleaford a large well inhabited Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Flaxwell near the Head of a Stream of its own name falling into the Witham It shews the ruined Walls of a Castle which it had in former times Slego Slegum a Town and County in Conaught in Ireland on the Western Shoar Sleswick Slesvicum a City of Denmark heretofore called Hedeba and Slietory It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and the Capital of a Dutchy of the same Name seated upon the River Sleie which falls into the Baltick Sea four German Miles from the Mouth of that River to the West between Flensburg to the North and Rensburg to the South sixteen Miles from Lubeck and Hamburg to the North. Its Bishoprick was instituted in 948. by Harald Blaâ—tland and extinguished in 1556. by Frederick II. King of Denmark Once an Imperial and Free City but now exempt and under the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp Long. 32. 45. Lat. 54. 55. The Dukedom of Sleswick Slesvicensis Ducatus is a part of the Cimbrica Chersonesus sometimes called South Jutland On the East it is bounded by the Baltick Sea on the South by Holstein on the West by the German Ocean and on the North by Jutland John Buno denies it to be any part of Holstein or Germany but saith it is a Fife of the Crown of Denmark Lotharius the Emperor created Canutus Duke of S' eswick King of the Vandals in 1130. Christian Son of Theodorick Oldemburg King of Denmark united this and Holstein to the Crown of Denmark in 1566. Christian IV. granted it to the Duke of Holstein in 1589. but as a Feudatary and Subject of the Crown of Denmark By the Treaty of Roschild in 1658. this Dukedom was declared a Sovereign State by the Procurement of the Swedes the Affairs of Denmark requiring then a Compliance with the Demands of that Victorious Nation But the Crown of Denmark taking the advantage of better times forced this Duke to become a Subject of Denmark again by a Treaty made at Flensburg in 1675. which last Treaty has been endeavoured to be rescinded and that of Roschild confirmed by the Swedes and other of the Northern Princes Slonim Slonima a small City in Lithuania in the Palatinate of Novogrod eight Polish Miles from that City to the South upon the River Sezura Sluczk Slucum a Town in Lithuania honoured with the Title of a Dukedom great and populous but for the most part built only of Timber upon a River of its own name It stands in the Palatinate of Novogrod fifteen Polish Miles North from the Borders of Polesia Constantine Duke of Ostrog in the Reign of Sigismund I King of Poland defeated three great Armies of the Tartars in a Fight of three days continuance near this place Sluys Slusa Clausulae a small but very strong Town in Elanders about one League from the Ocean four from Midleburg to the South-East and three from Bruges Taken by the Dutch in 1604. from the Spaniards and ever since in their hands Smaland Smalandia a County of Gothland under the Swedes between Westrogothia to the West Bleking to the South the Baltick Sea to the East and Ostrogothia to the North. The principal Places in it are Calmar Jonckoping and Wexsio Smalkalde Smalcalda a City in Franconia in Germany in the County of Henneneberg under the Duke of Hess-Cassel not above one German Mile from the River Werra four from Isenach and six from Erford to the North-West Particularly regardable on the account of a League made and confirmed here by the Protestant Princes in the years successively 1530. 1531. 1535. and 1537. against Charles V. Wherein besides thirty Lutheran Cities which had embraced the Confession of Ausbourgh the Kings of Sweden and Denmark the Dukes of Brunswick Pomerania and Wirtembourgh the young Marquess of Brandenbourgh the Elector of Saxony Landtgrave of Hesse and other Princes by times engaged and whereas the Pope had convocated what they desired a free Council at Mantoua these in their Assembly in 1537. whereat Luther and Melancthon assisted answered They would never consent to a Council out of Germany In 1547. Charles V. dissipated all the Forces of this League in one Campaign taking the Elector of Saxony and the Landtgrave of Hesse Prisoners But in 1552. having recruited themselves again they obliged Charles V. to conclude the Peace of Passaw whereby Lütheranism was authoritatively established in Germany Smolensko Smolentum one of the principal Cities of Poland and the Capital of a Palatinate It stands upon the Borysthenes in White Russia in Lithuania near the Borders of Muscovy Great and very strong surrounded by a Wall eight Cubits broad at the top strengthened by fifty two great Towers and a very strong Castle It contains about eight thousand Houses and was once much greater subject at first to a Russian Duke who was the Sovereign of it but conquered by Vitondus Duke of Lithuania in 1403. Casimirus II. King of Poland subjected it to that Crown in 1452. The Russ took it in 1514.
See in 1044. and elected Constantine II. in his stead In 1059. another Council confirm'd Pope Nicholas II. his Election to the See and deposed the Antipope to him Benedict before Bishop of Veletri Sutton-Cofield a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Hemlingford Suvas Sebastopolis a City of Cappadocia in Asia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sebastia now a very considerable Place and the Seat of a Turkish Governor about fifty Miles from Amasia to the North-East Long. 67. 30. Lat. 42. 30. Swafham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of S. Greneho Swansey a Market Town in Glamorganshire in Wales the Capital of its Hundred Swarteness Iccium a Cape in Picardy so called by the Dutch four Leagues from Calais to the West and six from the Coast of Kent The English call it Blackness Swarte Sluys a small City in Over-Yssel one of the United Provinces of the Low-Countries Sweden Suecia one of the Northern Kingdoms of Europe called by the Inhabitants Swerie Swedenrick and Sweriesryke by the Germans Schweden by the French Suede by the Poles Szwecya and Szwedzka Ziemia by the Italians La Suetia by the Spaniards La Suecia It is a great and populous Kingdom contains the greatest part of that which was of old called Scandinavia for some time united to the Crown of Denmark and has been a separate and distinct Kingdom only since 1525. Bounded on the North by Lapland Norway and the Frozen Ocean on the East by Muscovy or great Russia on the South by the Baltick Sea and on the West by Denmark and Norway The principal Parts of it are first Gothia second Sweden properly so called third Norland fourth Finland fifth Ingria sixth Livonia all which are subdivided into thirty four Counties They are again subdivided into Haeradlis like our Hundreds It has seventeen Cities the Capital of all Stockholm The Air of this whole Kingdom is very cold clear or foggy as it lies nearer or remoter from the Seas Lakes and Marshes and for the most part more temperate and pure than that of Norway In length from Stockholm to the Borders of Lapland one thousand Italian Miles in breadth twenty days Journey on Horseback so that with all its Appendages it is thought nine hundred Miles greater than France and Italy put together It hath one Forest betwixt Jenkoping and Elsimbourg thirty Leagues long with plenty of Rivers Lakes Marshes Rocks and Mountains so that the soil is more fertile than that of any other of the Northern Kingdoms which enables them to transport great quantities of Malt and Barley Brass Lead Steel Copper Iron Hides of Goats Bucks Oxen rich Furrs Deals and Oaks for Buildings They have some Silver in their Mines in the Woods Tar and Honey and vast quantities of Sea and Fresh-water Fish The People are strong and healthful hospitable and civil live sometimes to a hundred and forty years of Age. So industrious that a Beggar is not to be seen amongst them Of latter times they have shewn the World they are good Soldiers and capable of Learning too This was the Country of the Goths who in the fourth Century pulled up the Roman Empire in the West and let in the other Barbarous Nations who still possess it This People were never subject to the Romans but have been under Kingly Government from the first Peopling of the Country We have a pretty certain Catalogue of these Kings from the times of Charles the Great to Magnus IV. King of Norway and Sweden amongst these Olaus II. first took the name of King of Sweden his Predecessors were called Kings of Vpsal after their capital City who in 1363. was succeeded by Albert Duke of Mecklenburg in prejudice of Haquin King of Denmark and Norway after whom succeeded Margaret the Semiramis of the North Queen of Denmark Sweden and Norway in 1387. She united all these Kingdoms into one by an Act of State In 1411. Erick IV. Duke of Pomeren succeeded as her Adopted Son in all these Kingdoms After this the Kingdom became Elective and Unsteady till in 1523. or 25 Gustavus Ericus was chosen King who expelled the Danes and put an end to that Union He died in 1560. In 1611. Gustavus Adolphus the Great attained the Succession in this Line who was killed in the Battel at Lutzen in Misnia in Germany in 1632. To him succeeded his Daughter the most famous and admired Christina who of her own voluntary motion and pleasure by declaration in form of Law with the consent of the States i. e. truly Abdicated the Crown to her Counsin Charles Gustavus in 1654. and lately died at Rome Charles the present King of Sweden is the ninth in this Line and succeeded Charles II. his Father in 1660. This People was converted to the Christian Faith by Ansgarus Bishop of Bremen about 816. Lotharius the Emperor procured the settlement of Bishops in these Northern Countries in 1133. They received the Reformation under Gustavus I. in 1525 and have ever since stuck to the Augustane Confession which they preserved in Germany too when it was about 1630. in great danger to have been over-powered by the Prosperity of the House of Austria They have also planted a New Sweden in New America not far from Virginia Swerin Suerinum a City of Germany which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Breme in the Lower Saxony Heretofore subject to its own Bishop and the Duke of Mecklenburgh but now intirely under that Duke by the Treaty of Munster It stands upon a Lake of the same name seven German Miles from Gustrow to the West and three from Wismar to the South This City received with its Bishop the Augustane Confession in 1530. In 1631. taken by Gustavus Adolphus and was under the Swedes till the Peace of Munster The Bishoprick was Founded by Frederick I. Emperor of Germany Swernicke a considerable City and Pass upon the River Trina near the Confines of Bosnia Taken by the Imperialists October 15. 1688. Swilly a Lake in the County of Derry in Ireland Swindon a Market Town in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Kinwarston Swine a River or Bay in Pomerania the same with the Oder the Germans write Schwine Switzerland Helvetia is a large Country in Europe which of ancient Times was esteemed a part of France or Gallia in the middle times of Germany and for three of the last Centuries has been a Free and Independent Country governed by its own Magistrates It is called by the Germans Schwitzerland by theÌ„ French Suisse by some of the Natives Eyatgnosts-Schafft that is the United Lands by the Italians l' Elvetia by the Spaniards Helveciae by the Poles Szwayâ—zarska On the North it is bounded by the Rhine which separates it from Germany on the East by the Lake di Idro or Brescia and the same River which divides it from Germany and the Grisons on the South by the Lake Lemane Walisserland and the Dukedom of Milan on the West by the Frenche
Tract of Sobarbe which has sometime born the Title of a Kingdom Ainzia a Tract in the County of Buchan in Scotland Aire Aturum the chief Town of Gascoine and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux it stands upon the River Adour in the Borders of the County of Armagnac four Aquitane Leagues above S. Sever and sixteen from Bajonne Aire Aria called by the Flandrians Arien by the Spaniards Ere it is a strong City in Artois seated in a Marsh upon the River Leye which falls into the Scheld at Gaunt taken by the French in 1641. and presently recovered by the Spaniards but it was retaken â— the French in 1676. and is now in their possession by the Treaty of Nimeguen It is 12 Leagues from Bologn to the East Aire Aeria by the Scotch Ayr is a small City and Sheriffdom in Scotland upon Dunbritain-Frith on the West of that Kingdom it stands 22 Scotch Miles from Donbritoun South-West Airu a River of Scotland which springs from the Mountains of Mar and unites with the Spei in Buchan The City Aire stands upon it Airy Airiacum a Village in Burgundy in Auxerrois near Clamecy Here was a National Council held in 1020. under Pope Benedict VIII Aisaâ—ce a small River in Normandy which joyns the Colsnon below d'Autrain Aisne Axona a River of France riseth in the Dukedom of Barois and flowing through the Provinces of Champagne and the Territory of Argonne and that of Soissons cuts the City of Soissons in two parts and at last ends in the River Oise a little East of Compeigne in the Isle of France Aix Aquae Sextiae a City of Provence in France It was a Roman Colony and is now an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Parliament of that Province a fair growing Town seated in a large Plain upon a small Rivolet about 15 Leagues from Arles and 13 from Avignon to the East Aix in Savoy an antient City at the foot of the Mountains between Chambery Annecy and Rumilly giving the Title of a Marquess It is famous for Mineral Waters Aix la Chapelle Aquisgranum called by the Germans Aaâ—b by the Dutch Aken by the French Aix by the Italians Aquisgrana it is an Imperial free City of Germany in the Circle of Westphalia within the Borders of the Dukedom of Juliers under which Prince it now is Charles the Great of France died here Jan. 24. 814. and here he was buried having been the Restorer of this City after Attila the King of the Huns had ruin'd it It was almost intirely ruin'd by Fire again in 1656. but is now rebuilding In 1658. there was a famous Peace made here between the present Kings of France and Spain Divers Councils have been held here This City stands 8 German Miles from Cologn 7 from Liege in a low place almost incircled with Hills Aizu a Province of Japan with a Town of the same Name which is one of the best in the Country Akerhuys a Sea-port Town in the County of Aggerhuys not above 15 Miles from Christianstadt in Norway Akerman Alba a City of Moldavia Akersondt an Island belonging to Norway in the German Ocean over against the Cape of Shagen Akertewe a City in the Isle of Maragnan on the Coast of Brasil Akill Achill Achillia a small Island on the Coast of Connaught in Ireland over against the County of Mayo Akroczim a City in the Palatinate of Mazovia in Poland fortifyed with a Castle Aksteede Acsteda a small City upon the River Lun in the Dutchy of Bremen in Saxony under the Swedes Akza a River of Georgia in Asia Al a River of Prussia believed by some to be the Guttalus of Pliny Alahanda See Eblaba Alacranes Islands infested with Scorpions in the New America 20 Leagues from Jucutan Aladuli the Turkish Name of Armenia major Alagon a River of Spain in the Province of Estremadura and Kingdom of Leon it falls into the Taio a little above Alcantara as Rodericus Sylva saith Alaine a small River in the Province of Nivernois in France Alais Alesia a City of Languedoc upon the River Guerdon at the foot of the Mountain Cevennes 10 Leagues from S. Esprit to the East Alalcomene Alalcomenium an antient City of Boeotia famous for a Statue of Minerva and the Tomb of Tiresias Afterwards call'd Ithaca says Plutarch and the Birth-place of Vlysses Alan a small River in Cornwal in England it falls into the Irish Sea at Padstow at the Head of it is a small Village called Camelford where King Arthur is reported to have been slain in Battel Padstow lies about 17 Miles West from Launceston Aland an Island of the Baltick Sea at the entrance of the Botner Sea under the Dominion of the King of Sweden Alar a River of Persia in Hyrcania falling into the Caspian Sea Alarcan Illarco a Town in New Castile in Spain Alares an antient People of Pannonia Tacit. Alaschâ—hir Hipsius Vpsu an antient City of Phrygia and sometime the See of a Suffragan Bishop Alatri Alatrium Alatrinum a City of Campania in Italy and a Bishops See dependent immediately on the Pope Mentioned by the Antients Alava a small Territory in Biscay in Spain Alba or Albe Alba Pompeia a City of Monferrat upon the River Tangro it is an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Millan heretofore subject to the Duke of Mantua but taken from him in 1631. by a Treaty of Peace and ever since under the Duke of Savoy This City of latter times having suffered great changes is reduced into a consumptive State for want of Inhabitants It is distant from Aste 12 Miles to the South Albana a City of Albania in Asia with a Port to the Caspian Sea Albania an antient Province upon the Caspian Sea in Asia Westward now call'd Zuirie under the Turks § Also a Province of Turkey in Europe which was antiently the Western part of Macedonia and part of Illyrium upon the Adriatique Ocean reduced under the Dominion of the Turks by Mahomet 2. It s chief Cities are Croia Durazzo c. The Inhabitants for the most part are Christians of the Greek Church Albany Albania call'd in Scotland Braid-Albin is a Dukedom in the highest part of Scotland as the Name imports the Seat of the Old Scots upon the declining Western part of Mount Grampus next Lorn and Argile Charles I. in his Infancy at two years of age was created Duke of Albany This Title was also conferred on the Lord Darnly his Grandfather and given by Charles I. to his Second Son afterwards James II. Albano Alba Longa the Mother of Rome from which it lies about 12 Miles It has been ruin'd many Ages It stood betwixt a Lake and a Mountain of the same Name There has been another Albano built near its Ruines which is a Bishops See a Principality and the Title of a Cardinal § Also a City with the Title of a Principality in the Kingdom of Naples Albanopolis an antient City of Macedonia in Greece Alba Julia. See Weissenburg
Alba Regalis called by the Inhabitants Ekekes Fesarwar by the Germans Stoel-Weissemburg Is a City of the Lower Hungary once the Capital of that Kingdom famous for the Coronation and Burial of the Kings of Hungary It stands in a Marsh upon the River Sarwitz Taken by the Turks Anno 1543 retaken by the Christians in 1601. taken again by the Turks in 1602. surrendred again to the Imperialists upon Articles May 9. in the beginning of the Campagne of the Year 1688. The Imperialists found 84 Pieces of Cannon in it with almost an incredible quantity of Ammunition and small Arms. It is 45 Miles from Buda West and 60 from Comorra South Long. 41. 10. Lat. 47. 8. S. Albans Verulamium is the fairest and the best Town in the County of Hertford It arose out of the Ruins of Verulam a Town more strong and antient seated on the opposite side of the River Ver. This new Town took its Name from one Alban a Citizen of Verulam who in the Dioclesian Persecution suffered Death for the Christian Religion and is esteemed the first of the British Martyrs To whose memory the Britains built a fair Church which being ruin'd in the Wars between them and the Saxons Offa King of the Mercians built here a Monastery to his honor An. Chr. 795. the Abbot of which obtained from Pope Adrian the Precedency of all English Abbots to which an end was put Dec. 5 1539. by the surrender of the said Abby to Hen. VIII Near this place Richard Duke of York overthrew Henry VI. and took him Prisoner Anno Dom. 1455. who four Years after was restored to his liberty again by a Victory obtained here too This Town had the Honor of an Earldom bestowed upon it by Charles II. April 27. 1660. in the person of Henry Jermin then Baron of S. Edmondsbury in Suffolk Since raised to a Dukedom by the same King This Town lies upon the River Ver 10 Miles from Hertford to the South-West The Old Town I shall speak of in its proper place Albarazin Albarazinum a City and a Bishops See in Arragon in Spain under the Archbishop of Saragossa Albasequia a City of Sarmatia in Asia supposed to be the Ampsulis of Ptolomy Albegna Albania Almiana a River in Tuscany which falls into the Gulph of Telamont Albemarle called by the French Aumale is a Town in Normandy in France near the Head of the River Bâ—ssine in the Confines of Picardy It is memorable for giving the Title of an Earl to the Noble Family De fortibus And of Duke to Edward Earl of Rutland after Duke of York Given with the same Title to the Loyal Wise and Valiant George Monk by Charles II. July 7. 1660. who died Jan. 3. 1669. It stands 14 Leagues from Roven East Alben Albins a Mountain of Carniola remarkable for Mines of Quicksilver § Also a River Alpis in Corinthia which runs into the Save Albenga a City and Port in the Republick of Genoua antient large handsom but not very healthful In 1175. it was burnt by those of Pisa Pope Alexander 3. made it a Bishops See in 1179. Titus Alius Proculus the Emperor was a Native of it § Over against it stands an Islet of the same Name Alberg a City and Bishops See in Jutland It lies not far from the Baltick Sea in 58. deg of Lat. Alberton a Town and Port in Barbary Albigeois a small Territory in Languedoc in France with a City in it call'd Alby This Province is divided by the River Tarn and very much taken notice of in Church-History for those great Oppositions the Albigenses its Inhabitants made long since against the Church of Rome Albila Mercë an Island made by the Nile in Aethiopia before it enters Egypt Albion the antient Name of Great Brittain New Albion See New Albion Albon a Territory in the Province of Vienne in Dauphine giving the Title of a Count. Albona Albonea a River in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy which passes by the Province of Novara to the Po. Alboran or Albusama Erroris Insula a small Island with some Villages in it and a Castle upon the Coasts of the Kingdom of Fez. Alborg Aeâ—burgum a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden in the Province of Jutland in Denmark upon the Bay of Limfort Alborno Alburnus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Naples mentioned by Virgil now call'd Monte di Postiglione and Montagna della Petina by the Italians Albret a City County and Dutchy in Gascony the Original of the late Royal Family of Navar. Albs the same with Savio a River of Italy Albufera Amaenum Stagnum a Lake in the Kingdom of Valencia in Spain Albula the antient Name of Tiber. Albuquerque a City and Dutchy in the Province of Estremadura in Portugal Alby Albia Albiga a City of Languedoc in France upon the River Tarn the Capital of Albigeois of great Antiquity Sometime an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Bourges but by P. Innocent Xâ— at the instance of the present French King Lewis XIâ— translated into an Archbishoprick The famous Albigenses took their Name from hence § Also a small City in the States of the Duke of Savoy betwixt Annecy and Aix upon the declension of a Mountain Alcairo Memphis a famous City of Egypt seated a little above the Delta where the Nile is first divided it is call'd in Scripture Noph and Migdol Now wholly desolate Alcala Complutum is a City of the Kingdom of Castile in Spain seated upon the River Henarez It was heretofore a Bishops See but belongs now to the Archbishops of Toledo One of which Franciscuâ— Ximenius Cisnâ—rus Archbishop of Toledo and a Cardinal in the year 1517. in the time of Alphonsus Sapiens opened here an University it is 6 Leagues from Madrid and â— from Toledo Long. 17. 30. Lat. 41. 00. Alcantara Norba Caesarea Pons Trajani Turobrica a City of the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tajo It is a small City and of late years has been sortified to preserve it from the Incursions of the Portugueze being but 3 Leagues distant from the Borders of that Kingdom It is ennobled by a Bridge built over the River of 670 foot in length and 28 foot wide which is generally attributed to Trajan it stands upon 6 Pillars This City was taken from the Moors by Alphonsus VIII Anno 1013. Alcay a fertile Mountain well inhabited twelve Leagues from Fez. Alcazar-Quivir the capital City of the Province of Asgar upon the Coast of Barbary Built by Jacob Almansor King of Fez. Taken by Alphonsus V. K. of Portugal in 1448. Alcazer-Zeguer a Town in the Province of Habat in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Streights Built by Jacob Almansor K. of Fez. Taken by Alphonsus V. King of Portugal 1458. Abandoned by John III. K. of Portugal in 1540. yet now under the K. of Portugal Alcmaer a Town in the Northern parts of Holland besieged by the Spaniards in 1573. without success Alcozar d'Osal Salacia a small City
it belonging to the Hollanders upon the Coast of Nigritia This Fort was built by the Portugals in 1455. Taken from them by the Hollanders in 1633. Taken from the Hollanders by the English of late Years and it was again taken and ruin'd by the French in 1678 and is now again under the Hollander It lies in the Atlantick Ocean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Gualata about or in 20 d. of Northern Lat. Arhon Asopus a River of the Morea falling into the Gulph of Corinth Arhusen Arhusia a City of Denmark in the Dukedom of Jutland upon the Baltick Sea it is a Bishops See under the Archbisâ—op of Lunden seated upon the River Gude 10 Miles South of Alburg 2 West from the Island of Fuinen and about 26 North of Lubeck This City was taken and severely treated by the Swedes in 1644. but is since that in the Posâ—ession of the Danes again Aria an antient Province and City of Persia The one is now call'd Chorasan the other Herat or Serat Ariano Arianum a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento giving the Title of a Duke Ariano upon the Po is a small City in the Ferrarez in Italy and Capital of a Territory call'd Polesinâ— di Ariano upon the Borders of the States of Venice Arica a Port in the Kingdom of Peril in the Province de los Charcas where they ship the Silver brought from Potosi It is a small Town but has a capacious Haven and a strong Castle distant from La Plata to the South-East and from Cusco to the South 80 Leagues Ariccia or la Riccia was heretofore a considerable Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon a Lake of the name now called lago di Nemi It has since become a small Village yet gives the Title of a Duke Ariel a River of the Precopensian Tartars which falls into the Nieper Borysthenes below Terki Arieni an antient People of Germany Another in Asia whom the Gauls reduced Arima a Town and Port of Japan in the Kingdom of Ximo or Saâ—cok The Infidels have extirpated the Christians thence Arimaspi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea Ariminum See Rimini Arimoa an Island discovered by the Hollanders in 1618. near New Guiney betwixt Moa and Schouten Arles Arelas a City and Archbishoprick in Provence of France upon the Rhone In this place there was celebrated a great Council of the Western and African Bishops by the Order of Constantine the Great in the Year 312 or as Cabasutius saith in 314. that is about 16 years before the General Council of Nice and there has been several others held in aftertimes in the same Place This City was once made the Head of a Kingdom which had Kings of its own from the Year 879. to 1032. sometimes call'd the Kingdom of Arles and sometimes of Burgundy beyond the Jâ—ur Jurana It is seated on the left side the River Rhone over which there is a Timber Bridge 12 Leagues from Marseilles to the West The Academy established here in 1669 and the grand Obelisk of Roman work erected in 1677 ought not to be forgotten Arlington a little Village in Middlesex between Harlington and Shepeston which being the Birth-place of the Right Honorable Henry Bennet he was by Charles II. created Baron of Arlington the 14th of March 1664 and Earl of the same the 22d of April 1672. sworn Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Charles II. Sept. 11. 1674. and died in the first Year of the Reign of King James II. in great Honor and Esteem Arlon Arlun Arlunum Orolunum a Town in the Dutchy of Luxembourg in the Low Countries which has given the Title of a Marquess from the Year 1103. It stands 4 Leagues from Luxembourg 6 from Montmidi Arma a Province and City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America 25 Leagues from St. Troy Armadabat See Amadabat Armagh Armacha a County of Vlster in Ireland incompassed with the River Neury on the East with the Country of Louth on the South and with the Blackwater North. This is one of the most fruitful Counties in all Ireland Upon the River Kalin which falleth into the Blackwater a River so called stands Armagh a poor decayed City tho an Archiepiscopal See and the Primate of the whole Kingdom This Primate was subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury till 1142. when it was exempted by one John Papyrio a Papal Legate as Camden faith The City was taken by Cromwel in 1650. Armanac Arminiacensis Comitatus a County of Aquitain or the upper Gascony in France bounded on the North by the Counties of Agenois and Condome on the East by Languedoc on the West by Gascony properly so called Bearn and Bigorro and on the South by the County de Cominge The Earle of this County are much celebrated in the antient French History Armanâ—th See Ardmonack Armanson Armentio a River of France in Burgundy It rises by semur receives the Brenne passes by Tonnere and falls into the Lionne nigh Auxerre Armenia major called by the Inhabitants Curdistan by the Georgians Armenioba a very large and well known Country of Asia being divided from the Georgians Mengrelians and Muscovites by the Mountains on the South by Mount Taurus from Mesopotamia and by Mount Niphate from Assyria on the West it has the Euphrates by which it is divided from Cappadocia and Armenia the Less The greatest part of it is under the Turks but a small part towards the East is under the Pâ—rsiâ—n In this Country both Euphrates and Tigris have their Fountains Armenia minor called now by some Aladuli by others Ac-coionlu is a part of Asia the Less and was heretofore a part of Capadocia bounded on the North by the Mengrelians and the Pontus or Euxine Sea on the South by Cilicia and Syria on the East by Armenia major and on the West by Cappadooia This whole Country is now under the Dominion of the Turks Armentiers Armentariae a Town of Planders upon the River Ley Legia which falls into the Schelde at Ghant This Town was the Theatre of great Actions during the former Wars and was left to the French by the Treaty of Aquisgrane who have had it ever since the Year 1668. It is a fair Town distant from Ghant 10 Miles and something less from Cambray Armes a Seigniory in the Province of Nivernois in France giving its name to a Noble Family there Armorica See Bretagne Armoy or Earmoy a Barony in the County of Cork and Province of Munster in Ireland â—nautes an errant vagabond People of Albania Arnay le Due Arnaeum Ducium a small Town in Burgundy in France 5 Leagues from Autun very agreeable Arnebourg a Town in the antient Marquisate of Brandenbourg upon the Elb ruined in the German Wars Arneda a City and Port upon the Pacifick Ocean in Peru in America The Land of Arnheim is a part of the Terra Australis discovered by the Hollanders to
there Cardaillac a Town and very antient Barony in the County of Quercy in France near Figeac upon the Borders of Auvergne Adanced afterwards to the honour of a Marquisate Cardiff a fine Town in the County of Glamorgan in Wales upon the South Side of the River Taf 2 Miles from the Sea to which belongs a very commodious Haven This Town was fortified with a Wall and a Castle by one Fitz-Haimon a great Man in these parts Here Robert eldest Son to William the Conquerour died after a long Imprisonment It returns one Burgess to the Parliament The Earl of Pembrook has a Seat here Cardiganshire or Caerdiganshire is a County in Wales lying along the Coast of the Irish Sea and taking its Name from Cardigan the Capital of it which returns one Burgess to the English Parliament A Town pleasantly situated within 2 Miles of the River Tivy which divides the County from Caermarthenshire and Pembrokeshire on the South as the Rivers Torvi and Dovi divide it from Merionethshire and Brecknockshire to the East The Tivy is well stored with Salmon Cardona a Castle in Catalonia in Spain built upon a River called the Cardoner where there are several Mines of Salt and which gives the Title of a Duke to the Family de Folch It stands 3 Leagues from Solsona to the South Carelia or Karelen a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland extended upon the Gulph of Finland Heretofore in part under the Muscovites but now entirely under the Swedes Vibourg is the capital City of it Caremboule a Country on the South of the Island of Madagascar lying betwixt the Divisions of the Ampatres and the Mahafales It is very good Pasturage Carencia a Town of the antient Rugij upon the Coast of the Baltick Sea in Pomerania Heretofore notorious for Three Temples dedicated to Three of the most monstrous and horrible Idols that ever were invented amongst the Heathens Carentan a Town of Normandy upon a River of the same Name 3 Leagues from the British Sea and 4 from Constance to the North which has a very strong Castle It gives the Title of a Viscount And was both taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of that Kingdom Carfagniana Carferoniana Grafiniana a Valley in the States of the Duke of Florence in Italy amongst the Apennine Mountains betwixt the States of Lucca Regio and Modena Cargapol a City of Russia upon the River Onega or Poroga almost 200 Russian Miles from Archangel to the South-West This City gives name to a Province on the White Sea Caridia a small Town and Gulph in the Province of Romania in the Morea about 10 Leagues from Gallipoli upon the Archipelago Heretofore a more considerable place and known to the Antients under the Name Cardiopolis Caria See Aidinelli It may be remembred that a Council of 34 Bishops assembled in this Province in the year 366. rejected the Doctrine of the Consubstantiality of Christ with the Father to approve of the Confessions of Faith made at the Councils of Antioch and Seleucia § Also an antient City of the Morea whose Inhabitants uniting with the Persians in a War once against Greece rendred themselves so odious to their Country that their City was rased their Men put to the Sword and their Women treated with all manner of ignominy Cary Incarus a small Port in Provence in France 3 Miles from Marseille to the West famous for nothing but its Antiquity Cariati Cariatum a City of Calabria Citerior in the Kingdom of Naples upon the Gulph of Tarento which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Santa Saâ—erina from which it lies 20 Miles from the North in Long. 41. 36. Lat. 39. 30. It is small yet gives the Title of a Principality to the Family di Spinella Caribes or the Cariby Islands are a knot of small Islands whose numbers are not certainly known they lie extended like a Bow from the Coast of Paria in America to the Isle of Rico Porto Carignan a Principality and City in Piedmont situated upon the Po which is here covered with a good Bridge betwixt Turin and Carmagnole In a fruitful Soil and defended with a Castle Carin Cyrrhus a City of Syria which had its antient Name from Cyrus the Founder of it first a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Hierapolis afterwards a Metropolis under the Patriarch of Antioch seated upon the River Marsyas now Quars which falls into the Euphrates at Samosat 45 Miles from Zeugma to the North-East and as many from the Euphrates to the West and 25 from Aleppo to the North. Long. 70. 10. Lat. 36. 00. Carinola Calenum a small City in the Province di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua but the City is almost desolate by reason of the unhealthfulness of its situation It stands at the foot of Mount Massico 4 Miles from the Shoars of the Tyrrheman Sea and 25 North of Naples giving the Title of an Earldom Carinthia called by the Germans Karnten a Province of Germany bounded on the East by Stiermark and the River Lavand on the West with Saltzburg and the River Saltzach on the North with Austria and on the South with Carniola and the River Dravus The antient Inhabitants of this Country were the first in Germany that embraced the Christian Religion It is subject to the Dukes of Austria and being seated in the Alpes is generally barren and mountainous It lies along the Dravus an 100 english Miles and is 47 in breadth Advanced to the honour of a Dutchy It s capital Town is Claghenfutt Carizath a Province of Asia called antiently Hyrcania Carlisse Carleolum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of York seated upon the Rivers Eden Poteril and Caud in the County of Cumberland besides which it is defended by a good strong Stone Wall and on the West side by a large Castle and on the East a Cittadel built by Henry VIII A considerable place in the times of the Romans William Rufus finding it ruined by the Danes rebuilt the Castle and placed a Colony here which in after times became one of the principal Bulwarks against the Scots June 28. 1645 it was yieided to the invading People by Sir Thomas Glemham upon honorrable Terms In 1648. retaken for the King by Sir Philip Musgrave who kept it not long the Rebels over-powering all Long. 21. 31. Lat. 54. 55. Henry I. made it an Episcopal See In the year 1661. King Charles II. dignified this City with the Title of an Earldom in the Person of Charles Howard whose Son Edward enjoys the same at this day It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Carlingford a Sea-Port in the County of Louth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland about 30 English Miles East of Armagh and 5 North of Dundalk Carlsbourg Caroloburgum a small Town in the lower Circle of Saxony upon the Weser in the Dutchy of Bremen built by the Swedes who at the same time gave it
3 years and ended in the total subversion of this City An. Mundi 3803. Yet it was made a Roman Colony and rebuilt under the Gracchi 25 years after the Ruin of it and was as Vell. Paterculus affirms the first Colony the Romans sent out of Italy After this it flourished greatly and the Primate of it had 125 Suffragan Bishops under him A Council held here in the year 348. condemned the Rebaptization of such as were baptized by Hereticks And divers others were here assembled in the Primitive Ages sometimes by the Catholick Prelates sometimes by the Schismaticks and Hereticks as they are called in the Languages of their respective Communities An. Christi 432 it was taken by Gensericus King of the Vandals In the year 533 under the Reign of Justinian it was recovered back to the Roman Empire About the year 632 it fell into the hands of the Saracens who made it Tributary only before the year 684 they took it again and treated the Inhabitants with great cruelty About 690 Justinian II. recovered it again from them About the year 703 the Saracens returned the third time and made a third Conquest of it ever since which time they have enjoyed it to the total ruin of Christianity and when in 1269. it was again retaken by Lewis IX the Saracens soon recovered it and totally ruined it This City lies 15 Miles West from Tunis Long. 34. 50. Lat. 32. 20. § The Spaniards have given the Name of Carthage to a Town also of New-Spain in America in the Province of Costa ricca which stands in the middle of the Country betwixt the 2 Seas Carthagnea Carthago Nova a City of Murcia in Spain built by Asdrubal one of the Carthaginian Generals in that Kingdom It was afterwards brought under the Dominion of the Romans by Scipio Polybius gives an accurate Description of this City in his X Book and Livy in his XXIV The Moors becoming Masters of it totally ruined that antient Pile and it lay buried almost 600 years in Rubbish when in 1570. Philip II. King of Spain rebuilt it It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo three Leagues from Murcia to the South and about 84. from Gibraltar to the North-East Long. 20. 35 Lat. 38. 02. Carthagenia Nueva Carthago Nova a City of New Granata in South America which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Santa Fe de Bogota Also a safe and very large Port defended by 2 Forts and washed by the River of S. Magdalen where the Spanish Fleet ordinarily rendezvous Yet was this important place taken by our famous Drake in 1585. This was also the first place the Spaniards Walled in the West-Indies It lies in Long. 299. 30. Lat. 3. 10. 22 Leagues from S. Jago de Arma in the Province of Quimbaia otherwise now called the Province of Carthagena from hence which has the Government of S. Martha to the East Popayon to the South and the Ocean to the North. Carththuel Carduelia a Province of Georgia in Asia in which is Teflis the greatest City in that Kingdom Cartmell a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Loynsdale Casale Bodincomagus a strong City the Capital of the Dukedom of Montferat in Italy It was raised to the honor of a Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Milan by Pope Sixtus IV. in 1474. seated on the South side of the Po with a very strong Castle built of late years and was made famous by a Defeat of the Spaniards in 1640. when the French took this City but in 1652. lost it again It stands 4 Miles from Trino to the East now under the Dominion of the Duke of Mantua who is himself under the protection of the French But the ill Air it stands in and the Contests of Princes has made it very thinly inhabited § Casal or Casal Maggiore a small Town in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy and in the Territory of Lodi near the Po. § Casal Pustrulengo a small Town betwixt Lodi and Piacenza in the same Country Casalmach Iris a vast River in Cappadocia in the lesser Asia which riseth out of Mount Argius in the Borders of Armenia Minor above Sebastia now Savastia and having increased its Streams by the addition of several Rivers it passeth on the East of Tochat and Amasia to the Euxine Sea between Limania to the East and Simisio to the West Casan Casana a very considerable City in Muscovy upon the River Casanka in a pleasant Plain about 10 German Miles from the Northern Shoar of the Wolga in Long. 99. 00. Lat. 55. 38. Of a considerable bigness but the Houses are all of Wood as also the Towers and Ramparts only the Castle and its Fortifications are all of Stone which are well furnished with Cannon and a good Garrison The River Casanka serves it instead of a Ditch by all which it is made a very considerable Fortress The Town is inhabited by Muscovites and Tartars but the latter are forbidden entring the Castle upon pain of Death This City as Olearius acquaints us was taken by John Basilovits Duke of Muscovy from Sapgery a Tartarian Prince July 9. 1552. There is a Province belonging to it of the same Name which of itself is very fertile and good but in a manner desolate by reason of the Incursions of the Cossacks This was the State of things here in 1636. Casbin or Caswin Casbinum Arsacia one of the greatest Cities of the Kingdom of Persia in the Province of Ayrach or Parthia towards the Caspian Sea Long. 85. 00. Lat. 36. 15. Heretofore called Arsacia and is seated in a great Sandy Plain which is half a days Journey off Mount Elwend which runs to the South-West as far as Bagdat The City is a German Mile in compass having neither Walls nor Garrison but is inhabited by 100000 People Heretofore the usual Residence of the Kings of Persia It stands 65 German Miles North of Hispahan and the same distance from Tauirs to the South-East Caschaw Cassovia a City of the Upper Hungary and Capital of the Province Abanvivar seated upon the rapid River of Hewath or Kunnert which soon after falls into that of Tarcza which enters the Tibiscus by Dob This City is under the Emperor as King of Hungary but was lately in a manner free till setting up Count Teckely as their King it was retaken by the Imperialists in 1685. who have since bridled them with a very strong Garrison It is very well fortified and has the best Arsenal in all Hungary about 4 German Miles from Esperies to the South and 11 from Agria to the North-East Long. 43 32. Lat. 48. 32. Cascar or Kasghar by others called Chazalg a City and Kingdom in Turquestan in Tartary The Kingdom of Thibet stands South of it Caserta Caserta a small City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples near the River Volturno which is a Principality and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capoua from whence it stands 4 Miles to the East
Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Frebridge which Elects two Burgesses for the Parliament The Haven here being many years since choak'd up with Sands has brought this Town into decay Caston a Market-Town in Norfolk in the Hundred of S. Erpingham Castor a Market-Town in the Division of Lindsey in Lincolnshire and in the Hundred of Bradley Castres or Chartreux Castrum Albiensium a City and a Bishop's See upon the North side of the River Gout in the County of Albigeois in Languedoc in France This Bishoprick was first instituted by P. John XXII in 1317. under the Archbishop of Berry but in 1678. it was put under the Archbishop of Alby from which place itstands 7 Leagues to the South and 10 from Tholouse to the East The Huguenots took and Pillaged it in 1567. It also honoured with the Title of an Earldom Castro a Dutchy and Town belonging to the House of Farneze the Dukes of Parma but likewise challenged by the Ecclesiastical State For in the Wars betwixt Edward Duke of Parma and Pope Vrban VIII this Town amongst others was seised for the Pope in consideration of the Arrears of a certain Rent reserved to the Apostolick Chamber from the Dutchy as held to be a Fief of the Church Innocent X. razed it entirely to the ground and in the place thereof erected a Pillar with this Inscription Here was Castro and annexed the Dutchy to his See But the said Annexation was conditionally revoked by the Treaty of Pisa in 1664. The admirable Palace of Caprarola stands in this Dutchy The Dutchy is bounded on the East by S. Peter's Patrimony the Siennese to the West the Mediterranean to the South and the Territory of Orvieto to the North. The City had the Honor to be a Bishop's See immediately under the Pope till the Year 1646 that Innocent X. transferr'd the See to Acqua pendente and quite destroy'd Castro as we said in revenge because the inhabitants happened to kill the Bishop that he sent thither to reside and govern It stood about 11 Miles from the Sea near Toscanella and Corneto environed with such Precipices as rendred the access to it very Difficult § A City in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples being a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Otranto upon the Shoars of the Ionian Sea Ravaged by the Turks in 1537. who carried away a great Number of the Inhabitants into Slavery Some suppose it to be the Castrum Minervae of the Antients § There are others of inferiour Note One in the Hither Calabria near Cassano A second in the Province of Abruzzo call'd Castro Novo A third in the Campagnia di Roma A fourth in the Basilicate Another in the Island of Meleos c. Catadupi a People of Aethiopia about the Cataracts of the Nile deafned says Tully in Somnio Scip. by the Noise of them Catalognia a Province and Principality in Spain bounded on the West by the Kingdoms of Arragon and Valentia on the East and South by the Mediterranean Sea and on the North it has the Pyrenean Hills which separate it from France Heretofore it had Earls of its own who were under the Protection of the Crown of France but in 1137. it was annexed to the Kingdom of Arragon a mountainous but fertile Country and well watered with Rivers The Inhabitants are great Lovers of their Civil Liberties and being ill us'd by some Irish Soldiers which were quartered upon them in 1640. they revolted from Spain and call'd in the French but during the Civil Wars of France about 1652. they returned to their old Master the King of Spain again By the Treaty of Peace in 1659 the Pyrenees are made to divide the two Kingdoms of France and Spain Barcelona is the Capital City of this Country Catania one of the principal Cities of Sicily on the Eastern shoar of that Island about forty Miles North of Syracuse It has a Port made of late Years and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Montreale On the South of it runs a small River called Judicello This City was built by the Chalcidian Greeks as Eusebius saith Charles V. wall'd and fortified it against the Turks and Moors by which Securities it grew Great and Rich but in 1669. it suffered very much by a dreadful Irruption of Mount Aetna which stands about 20 Miles North from it four Rivers with Fire or melted Rocks and Earth making their Way through the Territories of this City and bearing down all before them passed a Mile into the Sea before those Waters were able to conquer this outrageous Fire so that it was then thought the whole Island of Sicily would have perish'd Aetna is observ'd to overflow with Torrents of Fire every 15 Years K. Hiero died in this City The Remains of an Amphitheatre with divers Inscriptions and Marks of its Antiquity are yet to be seen Long. 39. 40. Lat. 37. 00. Our English Sandys saith That the Bay upon which it stands is but shallow and not capable of Ships The Country fruitful and the City being an Vniversity and not having much Trade is the more inhabited by Gentlemen Catanzaro Catacium a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Regio 2 or 3 Miles from the Ocean between Squillaci and Nicastro Cataonia an antient City and Country in Asia Minor between Cilicia and Cappadocia in Strabo's time subject to the King of Cappadocia Bellona had a sumptuous Temple in her honour in this City to whose service above 6000 Men and Women were Consecrated under the direction of a Soveraign Priest who here resided Cateau or Catteau-Cambresis Castrum Cameracense a small Town in the district of Cambresis 5 Leagues from Cambray and 2 from Landreci The Treaty of Peace in 1559. by the French said to be so disadvantageous to them was celebrated here Ce Catelet a Town in Picardy upon the River Escaut and the Frontiers of Hainault and Cambresis Taken by the Spaniards in 1557. and once again in this Age but restored to the French by the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659. A considerably strong place Caterlagh Catherlogh Carlough Caterlogum a City in the Province of Leinster in Ireland on the West side of the River Barrow 30 Miles South-West of Dublin which Lionel Duke of Clarence began to Wall and Bellingham Lord Lieutenant of Ireland fortified with a Castle This is also the head of a County of the same Name Cathness Catnesia Cathanesia is the most Northern County in the Kingdom of Scotland on the North and East washed by the Caledonian Ocean on the West it hath the same Ocean and the County of Strathnavern in part and on the South it hath Sutherland Generally barren little inhabited yet it is a Bishoprick and an Earldom Catolica a Town in the Province of Romagna in Italy between Pesaro and Rimini so call'd in the third Century from the Catholicks of the Council of Rimini who
Culemburgum a Town and Castle in Guelderland belonging to the United Provinces yet as to the Revenue possessed by its own Count it stands on the River Rhine above two German Miles from Vtrecht to the South-East and six from Nimeguen to the West Taken by the French in 1672. and dismantled in 1674. Culiacan a Province in New Spain in America within the Jurisdiction of the Governor of Guadalaxara between New Mexico to the North New Biscay to the East and the Purple Sea to the South and West It has a City of the same Name Cuma Cumae once a Colony and famous City of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which in 1207. was utterly ruined by the Saracens The Ruines of it are yet visible upon an Hill on the Tyrrheman Sea twelve Miles from Naples to the North-West In the latter times of the Roman Empire this City was wonderfully fortified so that Narses the General of Justinian could not take it without a tedious Siege and at this day the Ruines of it are wonderful many Noble Antiquities are to be seen amongst them The Bishops See that was fixed here is united with that of Averâ—a Virgil speaks of an admirable Temple of Apollo and a Fortress that adorned this City in Ancient Times Neither must it be forgotten that the Sibylla Cumana her Grott being in the neighbourhood took her Title from hence whose Verses prophesied so favourably of our Saviour that Julian the Apostate thought fit to order them to be burnt § The Ancients mention other places of the same Name One upon the Gulph of Smyrna in Asia Minor now called Foya Nova betwixt Smyrna and Pergamus accommodated with a Port and Fortress Near to which the Venetian Fleet obtain'd a Victory over the Turks in the year 1650. Of the rest nothing said Cumberland is the most North-Western County of England on the North bounded by Scotland on the South and West it has the Irish Sea and on the East Lancaster Westmorland the Bishoprick of Durham and Northumberland It took its Name from the Inhabitants who being of the old British Race called themselves Kumbri or Kambri The Country though cold and uneven is yet not unpleasant to the Traveller And it affordeth great plenty of Corn Cattle Fish Fowl and Metals nor is it destitute of many Roman Antiquities the Reliques of the Roman Garrisons who lay here to defend Britain from the devouring Picts The principal City is Carlisle Prince Rupert whilst he lived was Duke of Cumberland by the Creation of King Charles I. his Uncle 1643. He dying without Issue November 30. 1682. that Honor is now in the Person of his Royal Highness Prince George of Denmark It became a Dukedom from an Earldom For in the year 1525. H. VIII conferred the Title of Earl of Cumberland upon Henry Lord Clifford in whose Family it continued from thence to 1642. The Eden is the principal River of this County Cuneo Cuneus See Coni. Cuningham a County of Scotland on the Western Shoar over against the Isle of Arran on the West it has the Irish Sea on the North Dunbritoun Fyrth which parts it from Lentieth on the East Cluydsdale and on the South Kile The chief Town is Largis on the Irish Sea seventeen Scotch Miles from Glasco to the West Cunsar one of the Names of the Hyrcanian Sea Curacao or Curassaw one of the Islands known by the Name of Sottovento in the South America over against the Province of Venezuela betwixt Oraba and Bonnaire Taken from the Spaniards by the Dutch in 1632. Curdistan Chaldaea a vast Province in Asia under the Dominion of the Turks but upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Persia containing Chaldaea part of Assyria towards Media and a great part of Armenia Major The Western Bounds are closed by the River Euphrates and the Eastern by the Tigris having Tarcomania to the North and Alidulia to the South The Curdes a People partly Mahometans Heathens and Christians take their Name from and dwell in this Province The ancient Chaldaea was divided into two parts the one North of Mesopotamia in which Vr stood the Country of Abraham the other South of Babylon near Arabia Deserta a large Champion Country in which the Philosophers lived and flourished whose same became extended over all the East and whose enquiries gave the first birth to Astronomy Astrology Magick Philosophy and Theology Babylon was the Capital of the ancient Chaldaea La Cure Cora Chora a River of France arising in the Dukedom of Burgundy and flowing through Nivernois Vezelay or Verzelet and Clamessy at Vermenton just opposite to Crevant in the Dutchy of Burgoigne falls into the Sure Cures an ancient Town of the Sabines in Italy from whence the Name of Quirites became derived to the Romans and remarkable also for being the Birth-place of Numa Pompilius It is thought Vescovio was afterwards built upon the Ruines of this Town Curetes a Name of the ancient People of the Island of Crete Curiale Dianae Oraculum a small Town on the Coast of Arabia Foelix towards the Persian Gulph about twenty seven Miles to the North-West of Cape Raz the most Eastern Point of that Country and and eight from Mascate a City Curland Curlandia a Province of Livonia called by the Germans Kureland by the Dutch Coerlandt by the French Courlande is bounded on the East by Semigalen on the South by Samogithia and on the North and West by the Baltick Sea This Country belonged anciently to the Teutonick Order but Sigismund Augustus King of Poland in 1587. forced Gothardus Ketler Master of that Order to renounce their Right and hold it together with Semigalen as a Fee of the Crown of Poland So that ever since it has been separated from Livonia and annexed to that Crown and is still in the Possession of the Family of Ketlers as Dukes of Curland and Subjects to the Crown of Poland The Capital City of it is Goldingen Curresi Avens a River of Italy in the State of the Church in the Diocese of Sabina between Campania to the South and Vmbria to the North. It watereth S. Lorenzo and the Abby di Farfa and then falls into the Tyber fifteen Miles North of Rome Curta a Village of Hungary upon the Danube between Comora and Gran. It is a Roman Town ruined Curzola Corcyra Nigra an Island of the Adriatick Sea on the Coast of Dalmatia under the Dominion of the State of Venice which is twenty five Miles in length from North to South and five in breadth It has a small City or Town of the same Name which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza and there are five other small Villages in it It lies only five Miles from Cape Cabiccello a Promontory of Dalmatia Le Curzolari Echinades Echinae five small Islands over against the Mouth of the Gulph of Lepanto Near to which the Christians gain'd that Signal Naval Victory over Selim II. his Fleet in 1571. in the Battel called the Battel of Lepanto Cusa an
separated from Groningen by the Bay of Dollert it contained heretofore the Earldom of Oldenburgh also In this Province are three Cities or great Towns Embden Aurick and Norden The earth is exceeding fruitful yielding great plenty of Corn Cattle Butter and Cheese Being conquered by Charles the Great it continued subject to the Empire till 1453. when it was granted by Frederick III. to Vlricus Son of Enno whose Posterity still enjoy it The Seat of these Earls is Aurick Frisingen Frisinga a City of the Vpper Bavaria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salisburgh near the River Iser twenty Miles from Landshat to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but since exempted and put under the Dominion of its own Bishop Frislar Bogadium Frislaria a City in Hassia upon the River Eder under the Archbishop of Mentz four Miles from Cassel to the South and the same from Zigenheim to the North commonly called Fritzlar There was a Council celebrated in this City in 1118. Friul Friuli Regio Carnorum Forum Julii Carnia called by the French Frioul is a Province of Italy inhabited heretofore by the Carni it is bounded on the South by the Adriatick Sea and the Golfo di Triesie on the West with the Marquisate of Trevigia and the Earldom of Tyrol on the North by Carinthia and Carniola and on the East by Carniola and Istria This Province is under the State of Venice and has the Title of a Dukedom The chiefest City in it is Vdina and the Fort of Palma is the place of greatest strength The Emperors gave this Province heretofore to the Patriarchs of Aquileja But afterwards the Dukes of Aâ—stria and Carinthia took part of it from the Patriarchs and the States of Venice after many Wars at last in 1455. forced the Patriarch by a Treaty to resign the rest to them the Cities of this Province are Aâ—uileja ruined but under the House of Austria Pieue di Cadoro under the Venetians Cividat di Friuli under the same Goritia under the House of Austria La Palma and Vdina under the Venetians Frodlingham a Market Town in the East Riding of â—orkshire in the Hundred of Holderness Frodsham a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Edisbury Frome or Fraw a River in the County of Dorset which rising by Cantmerls in the Borders of Somersetshire washeth Frampton Dorcester Woodford Morlen and at Wareham falls into Bruksey Haven taking in this passage many smaller Rivers Fromeselwood a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Frome and upon the River Frome Fronsac Franciacum a Castle in Aquitain near Bourdeaux built by Charles the Great and made the Title of a Dukedom it stands upon the River Dordogne Duranius about five Leagues from Bourdeaux to the East called Frontiacum in the Writers of the middle Age. Frontenac a Cittadel in New France in America upon the Banks of a Lake of the same Name built in 1673. to oppose the Incursions of the Salvages Frontignaud Forum Domitii Frontiniacum a small City in the Lower Languedoc upon the Lake of Magellone fifteen Leagues from Narbone to the East and four from Mompellier to the West upon the Mediterranean Sea The Wines of this place are much commended In 1562. the Huguenots besieged it in vain Frurnove See Fornove Frusilone or Frusino Frusio a City heretofore now a small Village in Campagnia di Roma upon the River Cosa which falls into the Gariliano Liris nine Miles from Aâ—atro the same from Ferentino and forty eight from Rome to the East it is now commonly called Frosilone P. Hormisdas was a Native of this place The Fryth or Fyrth or Forth of Edinburgh called by Ptolemy Boderia by Tacitus Bodotria is an Arm of the Sea that from the East penetrates almost quite through the Kingdom of Scotland to meet another such Arm from the West which is called the Fryth of Dunbritain it receives into its bosom many of the great Rivers of Scotland on the South it has Lothaine in which is Edinburgh Linlithgo Glasco and Sterling the principal City of which stands at the Western point of it upon the North side it has the County of Fife These two great Bays divide Scotland into two parts the Southern and the Northern Fuenterabia See Fontarabia Fuld Fulden Fulda a City of Germany in Buchaw or Buchen a Territory in the Upper Circle of the Rhine near Hassia but from this City more frequently called Stift von Fuld The Territory of the Abbey of Fuld The City is built in a Plain there is in it an Abbey of the Order of S. Bennet one of the noblest in all Europe which has the Civil Government of the City and Territory about it This Abbey was built by Pepin King of France in 784. The Abbot is a Prince and Primate of all the Abbots of the Empire It stands twelve Miles from Coburgh to the West ten from Cassel to the South and eleven from Wurtsburg The Territory of Fuld is of a great extent and is more properly called Buchen bounded on the North by Hassia on the East by the County of Henneberg on the South by Franconia and on the West by the Vpper Hassia § Fuld Fulda a River of Germany which gives Name both to the City and Territory last mentioned it ariseth in this Territory towards Franconia and running Northward watereth Fuld and Hurschfeld in Hassia then entertaining the Eder he passeth by Cassel and at Minden in Westphalia being united with the Wertz and Verra they two form the Weser Visurgis one of the greatest Rivers in Germany which dividing the Dukedom of Breme from the Earldom of Oldenburgh falls into the German Ocean at Carlestad between Emden to the West and Hamburgh to the North-East Fuligno Fullinium or Fulginium a small but pretty City in the Dukedom of Spoleto seated in a Valley at the foot of the Apennine twenty Miles from Perugia to the East and ten from Assisio it is divided by the River Tinna Topino and is under the Pope The Inhabitants boast much of the Antiquity of it not without good reason it being mentioned by Strabo Pliny Appianus Alexandrinus and Silius Italicus This City was rased by those of Perugia in 1281. for which the Inhabitants of the latter were excommunicated by the then Pope Martin II. otherwise called the IV. but recovering its former or a greater beauty it is now a Bishoprick much enriched by its Fairs or Marts every year and their excellent Comfeicts The Learned Leandro is of opinion this City is not the ancient Fulginia but that Forum Flaminii stood in or near the place which being ruined by the Lombards the Todi rebuilt it and called it by this Name for which he cites several Authorities Funchal the chief Town in the Island of Madera It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lisbonne Funf-Kirken See Quinque Ecclesiae Fungte a Kingdom in Africa in Nubia Fuoa Nicii a City of Egypt it lies in the Egyptian Delta or Island made by
East of it Genichisar Hermaeum a Cape in Thrace five Miles from Constantinople to the South-East called by the Christians Neo Castro New-Castle Genoua Genua a very ancient and great City in the North of Italy upon the Tyrrhenian Sea it lies in the Form of a Theatre upon the ascent of an Hill opening its Bosom to the Sea five or six Miles in compass so full of stately and regular Buildings Palaces Churches Monasteries c. that its proverbial Epithet in Italy is Genoua la superba and so very ancient that its Original is unknown History makes mention of it above 1800 years ago It is certain it was destroyed by Mago one of Hannibal's Commanders when by the Alpes he entered Italy in the year of Rome 534. about two hundred and sixteen years before the Birth of our Saviour Cornelius Servilius one of the Roman Consuls ordered the rebuilding it sixteen years after its Desolation This City in the end of the first Punick War had greatly shaken Rome it self as Livy relates about the year of Rome 515. But being then subdued and obliged she continued ever after very faithful In the fall of the Roman Empire she had the same fate with her Neighbours and fell under the Herules Goths and Lombards or the Greek Exarches of Ravenna as they prevailed one upon the other In 806. Charles the Great having Conquered the Lombards made Ademar his Kinsman Count of Genoua who got Corfica from the Saracens and united it to this City which has enjoyed that Island ever since In 935 the Saracens took and burnt this City and carried all her People into Captivity but the Duke of Venice brought them back and rebuilt it though others say the Genoese Fleet met these Infidels in their going home and recovered all again after a sharp fight After this they became in a short time by Navigations Commerce and Wars more famous than ever Being grown Wealthy in 1133. Pope Innocent II. made this City an Archbishop's See They deserved this Favour of the Pope by the great Services they by their Fleets performed against the Saracens in the Holy War which began in the year 1096. for which in 1101. they obtained of Baldwin III. part of the Sea-Towns that should be taken in Palestine In the Year 1204. when the Western Christians took Constantinople from the Eastern Emperors the Genouese had a great hand in it Pera was assigned them for that Service a place near Constantinople they were then Masters of Lesbos and Chio and several Islands ' in those Seas and Caffa in the Black Sea in Crim Tartary But aiming to gain Creet too from the Venetians in 1207. there arose a War between the two States which joined with the Genoueses intestine Divisions at last ruined the Greatness of this in 1255. they reduced the Venetians to great streights having taken Chioggia an Island near the City but lost all by demanding more than could be granted In 1260. the Venetians gained another great Victory over them taking twenty four Gallies In 1291. the Venetians took from them Pera and Caffa In 1293. the Tide of Fortune turned the Venetians lost all their Fleet to the Genoueses and another of seventy Ships in 1298. In 1314. the Genouese were beaten by the Venetians and in 1353. reduced to such Streights that they were forced to put themselves under the Protection of the Duke of Milan after which though they recover'd to an Ability of Contesting with the Venetians and beat them in 1401 yet the Turks and their own Divisions at last reduced them to so low an Ebb that they were not able to set out a Fleet. Between the Years 1174. and 1339. they had four dreadful Civil Wars or Broils in the City which contributed very much to their ruin In 1452. Sfortia Duke of Milan possess'd himself of this City In 1563. they were cited to answer for the Expulsion or Banishment of the Marquess of Final by Ferdinando I. Emperor of Germany Selim the Grand Signior Emperor of the Turks beat their Republick out of the Isle of Chios in the year 1571. Besides all these Mutations the French pretend that in 1396. this Republick made over by a formal Grant to Charles VI. of France all the Sovereign Lordship of it and the States depending which was executed and confirmed again to Charles VII in 1458. and from this last Date the French had the Sovereignty of the City till 1528. when Andreas Doria upon the Advantage of the Imprisonment of Francis I. taken by the Forces of Charles V. at the Battle of Pavia restored his Country to its former Liberty Since which this State has had a very great Dependence on the Crown of Spain by reason of his States in Italy at all times preferring the Interests of that Kingdom before all others This so far exasperated Lewis XIV the now French King that in 1674. he sent a Fleet and Bomb'd Genoua in which Action the Ducal Palace was burnt and many other of the noblest in the City and an incredible mischeif done In the end he forced them to send their Duke and four Senators to his Court to make their humble Submissions to him Not that they parted with their Liberty for they are still a Free State nor that they had done him any Injury which they were to acknowledge but either because their Ancestors had revolted above an hundred years agone or because his most Christian Majesty would have it so § The State of Genoua is a Part of Italy anciently call'd Liguria lying upon the Tyrrhenian Sea which bounds it upon the South and West on the East it has the Dukedom of Florence and on the North the Dukedoms of Parma in part and Montisferat in part its length from East to West is one hundred and forty Miles its breadth nevertheless very little Yet that part of it which lies next the Sea is wonderfully fruitful by Nature and made much more so by the Industry of the Inhabitants and has so many Villages and fine Buildings especially towards Genoua that it may seem to be one continued City It is governed as a Common-Wealth under a Duke to continue but two Years and two Senates or Councils This Republick has under it Corsica and Capraia two Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and anciently many other We shall only add to this the Italian Censure upon Genoua Huomini senza Fide Mare senza Pesce Monte senza Legno è Donne senza Vergogna There are Men without Honesty a Sea without Fish Mountains without Wood and Women without Shame Nevertheless this State and City have given three or four Popes to the See of Rome and produced great Persons for all things Their Academy settled at Genoua takes the Title of gli Adormentati Genâ—â—i Melas â— River of the Lesser Armenia which riseth from the Mountains of Argaeus and running Eastward falls into the Euphrates when it has passed the whole Province of Armenia Minor Gentilly a Village within one League of
now exempted and is one of the States united in the Dutch League § Het Groeningerlandt the Province belonging to this City was heretofore a part of Friesland It s present bounds on the North are the German Ocean and the overflown Shallows on the West Friesland divided from it by the River Lavica on the South Overyssel and on the East East-Friesland from which it is divided by the vast Lake called Dollert The principal City is Groeningen It was of old subject to the Bishop of Vtretcht from whom the City revolted and put it self under the Duke of Guelderland in 1515. It submitted also to Charles V. in 1536. and under that Family continued till 1594. when it was taken by the Forces of the Vnited Provinces from the Spaniards This Province enjoys the last Voice in the Assemblies of the States General Groen-Land or Green-Land Gronia called by the French Terreverte by the Dutch Spitsbergen is a considerable part of the Artick Continent which lies more North than Island First discovered by Ericus Rufus an Islander in 982. After this it was searched and inhabited towards the Shoars by the Danes and Norwegians In 1256. Magnus King of Norway sent a Royal Navy to reduce the Inhabitants who had refused to pay him Tribute But from 1379 all Navigation thither was intermitted and the Inhabitants heard of no more The more Southern parts were again discovered about the end of the last Century by Martin Forbisher an Englishman George Monk a Dane and others yet there can very little be said of it remarkable but its Harbours frequented by the Europeans for Fishing By several advances in succeeding times the Land is discovered to deg 78. of Latitude whether it be an Island or a part of the American or any other Continent is not known Hofman saith the Inhabitants live on Fish and Fowl whereas most I might perhaps say all that have sailed thither pretend to have found no other Inhabitants than Wolves Bears Foxes and Deer It s moâ—â— Southern Cape is in deg 66. of Latitude It has perpetual day during our Summer and Night during our Winter and three months longer for their Summer lasts only three months and fourteen days Grol Grolle or Groenlo Grola is a City belonging to the Vnited Provinces in Guelderland in the District of Zutphen little but well fortified and seated upon the River Slinke Taken from the Dutch by the Marquess of Spinola in 1605. Again by the Dutch in 1617. By the French in 1672. and again deserted in 1674 This City is in the borders of Westphalia and of the Bishoprick of Munster four Leagues from Zutphen to the East There is a Tract written by Grotius entituled Obsidio Grollae Groneburgh See Tavasthus Grosseto Grossetum Rosetum a small City in the State of Siena in Italy upon the Sea Shoar which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena and has a Castle that is very strong It stands about three Miles from the River Ombrone to the North-West near the Lake of Prilis now di Castiglione or di Buriano and four from Siena South This City sprung up out of the ruins of Rusellae which stood about two Miles from it Grosso Ticarius a River of Corsica on the South side of the Island Groswerder an Island of Prussia at the Mouth of the Vistula Grosverner or le Grand Brenner that part of the Alpes next Trent Grotkaw Grotkavia a small City of Bohemia in Silesia the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name under the Dominion of the Bishop of Breslaw from which it is distant seven Miles to the South and thirteen from Prague to the East The Dukedom of Grotkaw is a part of the Vpper Silesia in Bohemia which has belonged to the Bishoprick of Breslaw from the times of Priteslaus Pogarellus Bishop of that Diocese who bought it of Bolâ—slaus Duke of Lignitz and Brieg and annexed it for ever to this See It lies between the Dukedom of Oppelen to the East Monsterberg to the West Brieg to the North and Niessa to the South Grotkaw and Niessa are the principal places in it La Grotta de Cani a pestilential Cavern near the Lake Agnano in Italy four Leagues from Naples towards Pozzuoli call'd likewise the Cavern of Charon from the mortal malignity of the Air and Vapours within it In 1628. Kircher says he tryed the experiment of letting down a dog into it which thereupon became as perfectly dead but taken up and plunged in the Lake Agnano he revived again to 1. Mund. Subter And from this sort of quality it comes to bear the name of de Cani La Grotta di Napoli Crypta Neapolitana a Read cut a-cross the foot of the Mountain Posilipo twelve foot deep and broad and half a League long in the way betwixt Naples and Pozzuoli in Italy for the convenience of a shorter Passage from the one to the other It was the work of Lucullus who empoly'd a hundred thousand men about it and finished it in fifteen days Grubenhagen a Castle and Territory in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick towards the Mountains not far from the River Leina almost five Miles from Gottingen to the North and eight from Goslar to the South-West twenty seven from Bremen to the South-East This is the Capital of a Dukedom the only City in which is Eimberke two Miles North of this Castle which belongs to the Duke of Brunswick Hannover Gruninghen a Town in the Principality of Halberstad in the Lower Saxony Guadajox Salsum a River of Andalusia which at first was called Biboras or Viboras but taking in the two small Rivolets of Tovazo and Salado it has the name of Guadajox and falls into the Guadalquivir between Sevil and Cordova Guadalajara Guadalaxara a City in New Spain which is the Capital of New Gallicia and is very considerable being seated upon the River Baranja and built in 1531 by the Spaniards under whom it is This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico ever since 1570 when the See was translated from Compostella hither and the Seat of the Parliament or Courts of Justice of this Province It is forty Leagues distant from the South Sea and eighty from Mexico to the West standing in a well watered and fruitful Plain The Province of New Gallicia called of old Xalisco hath the name given it sometimes of Guadalajara from this City § Guadalajara a Town in New Castile the Capital of Algar upon the River Henares four Leagues from Henares Complutum to the East and nine from Madrid it has been called Carraca Guadalaviar Durias Turia a River in Valentia in Spain it ariseth in Arragon in the Confines of New Castile near the Head of Tagus Tajo and running Eastward watereth Albarazin and Tervel then turning South it entereth the Kingdom of Valentia and by the Capital City of it falls into the Bay of Valentia over against Majorca Guadalentin Chrysius Terebs a River of Spain which ariseth in Granada near Guadix and
and his surprizing Calais from the English He was assassinated in 1553. being the Father of Henry Duke of Guise and Charles Duke of Mayne c. Henry making himself Head of the Holy League against Henry III. of France was slain in the States of Blois by the Order of that Prince in 1588. and his Elegy is written by the Eloquent M. de Balsac Charles the other Brother took up Arms against Henry III. and continued them against Henry IV. till at last in 1594. he was forced to submit to that Victorious Prince Charles the Son of Henry succeeded his Father in the Dukedom and was the Father of Henry II. who has been famous of later Times being chosen King of Naples though the Spaniards shortly outed him Gulick Juliacum a City of Germany mention'd as such by Tacitus and Ammianus called now by the French Juliers by the Germans Gulick by the Italians Giuliers It is the Capital of the Dutchy of Juliers seated upon the River Roer or Roure which falls into the Maes at Roermande and has a strong square Castle often taken and retaken of latter times till in 1660. it was put by the Spaniards into the Hands of the Duke of Newburg It lies sixteen Miles from Cologn to the West seven from Maestricht and four from Aquisgrane to the North-East See Juliers Guns Sabaria a River of the Lower Hungary which riseth in Austria and falls into the River Rab The Hungarians call it Benges Guntz Guntia a River in Schwaben which gives Name to Guntzburg in the Marquisate of Burgow fourteen Miles from Kempten to the North and thirty nine from Auspurg This River falls into the Danube three Miles below Vlm Guplo a small Lake in the Palatinate of Brest in Poland Gurck Gurcum a City in Carinthia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Saltzburg It stands upon a River of the same Name which a little lower falls into the Oleze six Miles from Villach to the North and about five from Clagenfurt a little East of which the River Gurk falls into the Danube This Bishoprick was instituted by one of the Archbishops of Saltzburg in 1073. who reserved to himself and his Successors the Election and Investiture of the Bishops of this See taking the Oath of Fealty from them But now by Agreement with Ferdinand I. the Emperor chuseth twice together then the Bishop of Saltzburg the third time and so by turns as often as this See becomes vacant though this Bishop is no Member of the Empire nor has any Vote in the Diet as all those which were Founded by the Emperors of Germany have Gdreigura or Guregra an inhabited Mountain towards the Atlas in the Kindom of Fez in Africa thirteen Leagues from the City Fez affording Corn and Cattle in plenty There are divers large Villages upon it which stand in no need of Walls or Castles to defend them the Difficulty of the Avenues is a sufficient Security Gurgian the Caspian Sea Gurgistan See Georgia Gustrow Gustrovium a small City in the Dukedom of Mecklenburg which is the Seat of a Duke who has here a very splendid Castle It stands seven German Miles from Wismar to the East four from Rostock to the South three from Dobbertin to the North and about seven from the Shoars of the Baltick Sea to the South The Duke of Gustrow has under him Rostock and the greatest part of the Territory of Walden also but Gustrow is his principal City Gutkow or Gutzkow Gutkovia is a Town of the Hither Pomerania upon the River Pene which a little lower falls into the Gross Haff and the Baltick Sea It stands 14 Miles from Gustrow to the East 3 from Gripswald to the South and 4 from Wolyast to the South-West This is the Capital of a Marquisate which takes its Name from this Town and lies between the Dukedom of Stetin to the East and the Dominion of Bardt to the West and the Baltick Sea to the North To it belongs Gripswald and Gutkow they are all of them together with Stetin under the King of Sweden who by a Treaty in 1676. regained them from the Duke of Brandenburg who had seized them in a War a little before Guy-Clift a very delightful Cliff amongst Groves and little Streams near Warwick so called from the Famous Guy Earl of Warwick who retired hither from his Valiant Actions to a Life of Solitude and built a Chappel in which he was buried Guydil the Scotch and Irish Guzerate Gedrosia Guzarata a Kingdom in the East-Indies in the Cape of Malabar to the East of the Kingdom of Decan which had heretofore Kings of its own but is now under the Great Mogul whose Viceroy lives in extraordinary State at Amadabat often also called the Kingdom of Cambaia from Cambaia its capital City under which word there is a further Account of it I shall here add that Sultan Mamoet Prince of this Country dying about 1545. left the Tuition of his Son to one of his great Men who being envied and hated by his Country-men and his Prince though of Age then not being able to protect him he in 1565. called in Ecbar the great Mogul who took Possession of this Kingdom and ruined the King and his Tutor together with the discontented Party It is the pleasantest Province in all Indostan ever green Its Sea-Ports are Surat and Cambaya which last is the best in the Indies Gwir Waga a River in Wales which falleth into the Severn at Chepstow after it hath passed by Monmouth Gwidh Vectis the Isle of Wight Gwineth Venedocia North-Wales Gyfhorn Gyfhornia a Town of Germany in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Lunenburg under the Duke of Zell three Miles from Brunswick to the North and five from Zell to the East upon the River Aller Gyll Ansoba a River of Ireland which falls into the Bay of Gallway in Conaught Gyngisch Genadium Cenadium a City of the Vpper Hungary called Chanad by the Hungarians and Gyngisch by the Germans It is the Head of a County of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza Upon the River Merisch which passing from the Carpathian Hills quite through Transylvania and by Lippa a little lower than this City falls into the Teysse over against Segedin from which this City stands about three Miles to the East it was in the hands of the Turks till 1676. but is now in the Possession of the Emperour Gymnosophistae the ancient Philosophers of India whose Memory is preserved in History with great honour they first taught us the placing of true felicity in Speculation Sense and Vertue accompanied with a solid Contempt of Fortune's favours The Greeks received several Doctrines from them and particularly the Metampsychosis to which the Indians to this day as formerly are strictly addicted Of these Philosophers the Brachmanes made one principal Sect. And some applied themselves to give Counsel to Princes and Magistrates some to contemplate the Works of Nature in solitary places H A.
the whole Province it ariseth near Bincha in this Province and dividing it into two parts watereth Monts takes in Tâ—uâ—la and at Conde falls into the Schelde Halapia Mesopotamia Halar Halara a City in Island on the North side which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim it has no Walls nor any great number of Inhabitants but stands by the Bay of Skagafiâ—rd and is under the King of Denmark as King of Norway Halberstad Pheugarum Haiberstatum is a German City in the Lower Saxony and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz being substituted in the stead of Salinstad in 819. The Capital also of a Principality which has its Name from it it stands upon the River Hotheim seven Miles from Magdeburg to the West and from Brunswick to the South Heretofore an Imperial Free Town but being exempt it fell under the Dominion of its own Bishop till by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster this Bishoprick was changed into a Principality and given to the Duke of Brandenburg The Bishop of this Diocese embraced the Augustane Confession in 1586. The Principality of Halberstad is a small Territory granted by Charles the Great who founded it to the Bishoprick but now under the Duke of Brandenburg It is bounded on the North by the Dukedoms of Magdeburg and Brunswick on the South by the Principality of Anhault and lies from East to West about nine German Miles The Capital of it is Halberstad Halifax a Corporation in the County of York upon the River Caâ—der seated upon the â—â—eep descent of an Hill and extended from East to West which of old was called Horton It is a very populous rich Town having in it eleven Chap els whereof two are Parishes and about twelve thousand inhabitants Placed in a barren Soil but the Inhabitants have by their Industry in Clothing and other Manufactures so supplied their Defects that none are richer or better supplied than they Charles II and King James II successively added to the Honour of this Place when they created George Savil Baron of Eyland Viscount and Marquess of Halifax who is still living Halenberg a part of Mount Kalenberg which begins in the Lower Austria at the Danube and runs to the South as far as the Drave whereof this branch parts Hungary from Stiria and Carinthia Halep or Haleppo See Aleppo Halesworth a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Blithing Hali Muza a City in Arabia the Happy upon the Red Seâ— now called Gezien Haling a small Island to the Eastward of Portsmouth with a Town of the same Name Halitz Haâ—â—otz a Town in Poland in a Territory of the same Name upon the River Niester Tyra in Red Russia which has a strong Castle Heretofore a City of great Note and the Capital of Red Russia then a Kingdom the Prince of which was often called the King of Halitz and not of Russia because this Kingdom was divided into many Dukedoms the Principal of which was the Duke of Kiovia Pope Gregory XI made this an Archbishops See But in 1414. the Archbishoprick was removed to Lemburg from which Aalitz stands sixteen Polish Miles to the North-East and twenty five from Caminieck to the West It is now in a declining State and inhabited by few Hall Hala Halla a City in the Vpper Saxony in Misnia which though little is in a good condition and under the Jurisdiction of its own Duke It stands upon the River Sala Saalder three German Miles from Mersburg to the North ten from Magdeburg to the South and seventeen from Wittemburg to the South-West It has near it a Castle called Mauriceburg which was heretofore the Village of Dâ—bredor In 981. it obtained its Character from Otho II. and took its present Name from four Salt Springs which are in it Once a Free and Imperial City but now exempted and subject to its Duke who is of the Electoral House of Saxony therefore called the Duke of Saxony of Hall who besides the adjacent Country has almost half Thuringia and some Places in the Dukedom of Magdeburg Schwabische Hall Hall en Suabe a small Imperial Free City in Schwaben which has been such ever since the year 1360. It is placed in the midst of steep Rocks and Mountains and had both its Name and Being from those Eleven Salt Springs which rise in it It is divided by the River Cocharus Cochar into the Upper and Lower Town which are joined by a Bridge This City was often taken and retaken in the great Swedish War It stands in the Dukedom of Wirtemberg of which it was once a part six German Miles from Hailbrun to the East nineteen from Franckfort on the Main and fifteen from Spire at almost an equal distance from the Rhine the Maine and the Danube Taken by the Mareschal de Turene in 1645. Hall in Inthall a German Town in Tyrol upon the River Inthall from which it has its Name two Miles from Inspruck to the East Hall or Haut a small Town in Hainault in the Confines of Brabant where is a famous Church dedicated to the Virgin Mary much frequented on the account of an Image of hers that is admired for doing of Miracles The Walls were pulled down in 1677. Justus Lipsius has wrote a particular Tract of the Miracles of this Virgo Hallensis or Image of the Virgin Mary of Hall Hall Ernolatia a Village in the Vpper Austria upon the River Krems six German Miles from Lintz Lentia to the South Hallandt Hallandia a part of South Gothland which was heretofore a Province of the Kingdom of Denmark but now under the King of Sweden ever since 1645. Bounded on the East and North with Westro-Gothia on the West with the Baltick Sea and on the South with Scania The chief Town in it is Helmstad This Province is extended from North to South sixty Miles upon the Baltick Sea but not above fifteen broad and was once a Dukedom Hallaton a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Gartrey Halsted a Market Town in Essex in the Hundred of Hinckford Halderstein a small Seigniory in Switzerland near Coire Halydown or Haledon a Town in Northumberland upon the River Tine where Oswald King of Northumberland invoking Jesus Christ in 634. overthrew Edwal King of the Britains and thereupon embraced Christianity sending for Aâ—dan the Scot to teach him and his People and calling the place Heavenfield This Field has been since consecrated to Victory the Scots being beaten here by the English in 1331. and again in 1402. if Halydown and Haledon be the same places as I suppose they are Ham the same with Egypt Ham Hamum a small but strong City in Westphalia upon the River Lippe in the County of March in the Confines of the Diocese of Munster five German Miles from Munster to the South and fourteen from Cologn to the North-East between Dorsten to West and Lippestad to the East This City is under the Duke of Brandenburg yet a Hanse-Town taken by
the Hundred of Finsbury of which the Earl of Warwick bears the Title of Baron Kent Cantium is the most South-Eastern County of England on the North it is bounded by the Thames which parts it from Essex on the East and South it has the British Sea in part on the North and on the West it has Sussex and Surrey It is in length from East to West fifty Miles and from South to North twenty six Divided into five Lathes Sutton Aylesford Soray St. Augustine and Shepway wherein are four hundred and eight Parishes and thirty Market Towns That part which lieth towards the Thames is healthful but not fruitful the middle parts are both the Southern are very fruitful but not healthful The Thames the Medway the Stower the Tun and the Rother besides lesser Streams water it Some give this Character of it The Weald for Wood East Kent for Corn Rumney for Meadow Tenham for an Orchard Shepey and Reculver for Wheat Thanet for Barley and Hedcorn for Capons This Country was first conquered by Julius Caesar though not without Resistance in the years of Rome 696. and 698. fifty three years before the Birth of our Saviour being forced to a double Expedition against almost this single County As he began the Conquest of Britain here so did the Saxons Hengist erecting the Kingdom of Kent in the year of Christ 456. seven years after the first arrival of the Saxons Against the Danes the Kentish men did also great things and with much Courage and Patience repelled those Barbarous People When William the Conquerour had subdued all the rest of the Nation he was glad to come to a Composition with the Inhabitants of this County and to grant them their ancient Liberties and Customs Whence the Laws of Gavelkind obtain here to this day This County was also the first that imbraced the Christian Religion from Augustine the Monk in the year 568. Accordingly Canterbury is justly the Metropolis of the whole Kingdom of England as having been the first Fountain from whence the Christian Religion spread it self amongst the Saxons for as for the British or Welsh they had imbraced Christianity long before VVilliam the Conquerour in 1067. created Odo Bishop of Bajeux his half Brother Lord Chief Justice and Lord Treasurer of England Earl of Kent In 1465. Edward IV. created Edmund Grey Lord Ruthyn Lord Treasurer of England which Family still injoys this Honour Anthony II. the present Earl of Kent being the eleventh in this Succession Besides the Sea of Canterbury this County injoys a second Bishoprick which is Rochester and a great many populous rich Towns fafe Roads large and secure Harbours for Ships and whatever else is desirable in Human Life except a more serene Air. Kerci or Chierche Cercum a small Town at the Mouth of the Streights of Caffa upon the Euxine Sea belonging to the Precopensian Tartars Kerez See Keureuz Keriog a River in Shropshire which falls into the Dee above Bangor Kerka or Karka Titius a River of Dalmatia which washeth Sardona and Sebenico then falls into the Adriatick Sea eight German Miles North of Spalatro Kermen Germia a considerable City at this day in Thrace seated not far from Adrianople the Turks have here a Sangiack Kerry a County in the Province of Munster on the Vergivian or Western Ocean between the County of Clare to the North and the County of Cork to the South and East the Capital of which is Ardart Keschidag Olympius a Mountain of Misia in the Lesser Asia Kesmarckt or Keysermarkt Caesaropolis a Town of the Vpper Hungary at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains towards the Frontiers of the Kingdom of Poland Keswick a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Hundred of Allerdale near to which Black Lead is digged up in plenty It standeth in a Valley environed with Hills and has been formerly a famous Town for Copper Mines Kesâ—el or Cassel Castellum Menapiorum a Town in Brabant two Leagues beneath Roermond to the North between the Maes to the East and the Peel to the West seated upon the River Neerse which a little lower falls into the Maes Kettering a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Huxton upon a Rivulet which falls into the Nen delightfully seated on an Ascent It has a Sessions-House for the Justices of Peace of the County Keureuz Keres Krais Chrysius Cusus a River of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary which ariseth in the Western Borders of Transylvania near Feltat and watering Giula a little above receiveth another Branch called by the same Name which passeth by Great Waradin both which Rivers being united fall into the Tibiscus or Tyesse at Czongrodt above Segedin One of these is called by the Germans Fekykeres which goes to Giula the other Sebeskeres Feky signifying White and Sebes Black Kexholm Kexholmia a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland which was heretofore under the Russ but conquered by the Swedes in 1617. It is the most South-Eastern part of Finland The Capital of this Province is Kexholm seated upon the Banks of the River Voxen near to the Western Shoar of the Lake of Ladoga which together with the Castle which is very strong was taken by Monsieur Pont de la Gardie a French Gentleman from the Russ in 1580. The year following this Gentleman took Narva and several other strong places for the Swedes from the Moscovites and was at last drowned in the River of Narva Keyserstul Forum Tiberii a small Town in Switzerland upon the Rhine over which it has a Bridge It lies in the County of Baden nine German Miles from Basil to the West and Constance to the East and belongs to the Bishop of Constance but is subject to the Canton of Zurick Kidwelly a Market Town in Caermarthenshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Khoemus Margiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia See Margiana Kherman Kermoen Kermon or Kirman Carmania or Caramania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia with a City of the same Name Kiburgh a Castle in the Canton of Zurich upon the River Toss two Miles from Zurich to the East the Earls of which were heretofore of great Name This Castle was purchased by them of Zurich in 1452. Kiel or Kil Chilonium a City in the Dukedom of Holstein under the Duke of Holstein upon the Mouth of the River Swentin having a convenient Port upon the Baltick Sea much frequented by Merchants Ships there belongs to it a Castle seated on a Hill and an University opened here in 1665. The Convention of the States of Holstein are usually held here This City stands nine German Miles from Lubeck to the North ten from Flensborg to the South and tho very well fortified has of late suffered very much from the Swedes Kiengara See Gangra Kienning a great City of the Province of Fokien in China and the Capital of a Territory of its own Name commanding six other Cities It is adorned with a magnificent Pagod or
Capital of that Kingdom to the North and Malaca to the South three hundred and eighty Miles from either it has a good Harbour Ligorne Livorno Ligurnus Liburnus portus Leghorn an ancient and celebrated Sea-Port mentioned by Polybius Antoninus and Cicero It is called by the Italians Livorno by the English Legorne by the French Ligourne seated in the Territory of Pisa on the West of Italy under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence in a Plain fifteen Miles from Pisa to the South ten from the Mouth of the Arno forty from Piombino to the North and sixty from Florence to the South-West There belongs to it a large and a safe Haven very much frequented by Merchants the Great Duke to secure the Wealth and Trade of it has built three strong Forts upon it This City belonged heretofore to the States of Genoua Cosmus de Medices Duke of Florence had it from them in exchange for Serezana being then a poor despicable Village not much inhabited by reason of the unhealthfulness oâ— the Air corrupted by the Marshes near it Francis and Ferdinando two of his Successors having improved its condition by making it a Free-Port at a time when the Genouse had excessively inhansed their Imposts upon the Merchants built the three Forts and walled the Town and built in it also a Noble Palace for the Governour and for the Reception of Foreign Ambassadors with a large Arsenal or Magazin It has two Havens the greater is extreamly large safe and convenient for Ships of any Burthen the lesser called Darsi is of some use for smaller Ships See Du Val Voyage d Ital. Liguria a part of the ancient Gallia Cisalpina in Italy now contained in the States of Genoua Liiflandt See Livonia Lilers Lilerium a Town in Artois upon the River Navez seven Leagues from Arras to the North. Lille L'Isle Insula Insulae a City in Flanders called by the Inhabitants Lyssel by the English Lisle by the Italians Lida is the Capital of Flandria Gallica a great strong populous place well Traded upon the River Deuller Lewis XIV the present King of France took this from the Spaniards in 1667. It lies five Leagues from Ypre to the South six from Doway four from the Borders of Artois and five from Tournay Built by Baldwin IV. Count of Flanders in 1007. Baldwin the Pious his Son being born here favoured it very much and on that account walled it in 1066. and built in it also a magnificent Church and a delicate Monastery There is saith L. Guicciardin a good Castle in it and the Ruins of an old one called Buck where the Governours for the ancient French Kings resided which were then instituted the Forestexs of Flanders This City was taken and burnt by Philip II. King of France about 1185. Being rebuilt it was again taken and harassed by Philip IV about 1304. Since then it is much increased saith the same Author by the Industry of the Inhabitants who imploy themselves moâ—â—ly in weaving Silks so that it is raised to be the third City in the Low-Countries after Antiverp and Amslerdam and frequently called in French La petit Paris for its Beauty The French had it confirmed to them in 1668. by the Treaty of Aix la Chapelle It is the Head of a large Chattellany containing divers Villages and strongly fortified § Also a pleasant Town in the County of Venaissin in Provence five or six Leagues from Avignon and about the same from Carpentras in a fruitful Country surrounded by the River Sorgue like an Island and thence called L'isle Lille Illa a River in Aquitain in France which ariseth in the Province of Limosin and flowing through Perigord watereth Perigeux Vesima the Capital of that County and Mucidan at Coutraz it entertains the Dormia from Aubeterre then a little beneath Lisbourne falls into the Dordonne seven Miles above its conjunction with the Garonne Lillebonne or Islebonne Islebonna Juliobona a Town in the Paix de Caux in Normandy in the Diocese of Rouen giving Name to a Branch of the House of Lorrain In the year 1080. the Bishops of Normandy were assembled in a Council here in the presence of William the Conquerour King of England at which the Archbishop of Rouen presided Lillo Lilloa a strong Fort built by the Hollanders upon the Schelde two Leagues beneath Antwerp to the North one above Santvliet or Sanflit to the South and four from Bergen op Zoom At this Fort all Ships that pass up the River to Antwerp are by the Treaty of Minister to stop Lima or Ciudad de Los Reyes Lima the Capital of the Kingdom of Peru a beautiful great well traded City and the See of an Archbishop Built in 1535. by Francis Pizarro a Spaniard in the Valley of Lima called by Natives Rimac The Viceroy of Peru resides here which with other Advantages hath made it very great rich populous and beautiful though it be all built with Timber and an open unwalled Town They compute about five thousand Spaniards and forty thousand Negroes in it a great number of Ecclesiastical Buildings as Churches Convents Colleges and Hospitals and a stately Palace Royal wherein the Vice-Roy keeps his Court. It stands upon a River of the same Name one Mile from the Pacifick Ocean two from its own Harbor called Callao de Lima one hundred and twenty from Cusco the old Metropolis of this Kingdom as Jo. Laei saith It is under the King of Spain and had an University opened in 1614. Long. 296.40 Lat. 23.30 A dreadful Earthquake Octob. 30. 1687. overthrew most of the Buildings both publick and private and buried above a thousand Inhabitants in the Ruins The Ecclesiasticks of Peru have celebrated two or three Councils here Lima Lamia a River in Portugal which washeth the Town of Viana de Foiz de Lima six Leagues from Braga to the West and then falls into the Ocean Limagne Limane Limania or Alimania a small Territory in Auvergne which for the greatest part is contained in that Province It is very well watered and wonderfully fruitful being a Plain upon the River Allier extending from North to South twelve Miles near and below Clermont Limat Limmat Limagus Lindemagus a River in Switzerland which ariseth in the County of Sargans or Sarganzerlandt and runneth North through the Lake of Riva and that of Zurich after which it watereth Zurich and Baden and a little lower falls into the Aar the chief River of Switzerland Limburg a Dutchy and Town in the Low-Countries The Dutchy though one of the Seventeen Provinces is not great It lies between the Duthcy of Juliers to the East and North and the Bishoprick of Liege to the West and South It had heretofore Dukes of its own but upon the Death of Walrame the Third by Dr. Heylin called Henry in 1285. Adolph the next Heir sold it to John Duke of Brabant who pretended at the same time a Right to it as descended from Margaret Daughter of Henry Duke of Limburgh in 1172 married
the Palatinate of Landomir Long. 45.00 Lat. 51.00 Lublaw Lubloa called by the Poles Luboulia i◠a Castle belonging to the Vpper Hungary but mortgaged to the Crown of Poland in 1412 which has been ever since in their Hands and being cut off from the County of Cepasz it is annexed to the Palatinate of Cracow Lucania an ancient Province of Italy now thrown into the Basilicata in part and part into Calabria but before a Member of Magna Graecia Its Inhabitants made frequent Wars with the Romans and in the year of Rome 428. killed Alexander King of the Epirots near the River Acheron The Luccaye Islands near the Continent of America in the North Sea lie betwixt 294. and 304. Deg. of Long. and 21. and 28. of Lat. making a part of the Antilles The chiefest of them are Lucaioneque Amana Abacoa Bimini Guanahani Majaguana Juma c. enjoying a temperate Air and a fruitful Soil Lucca Luca Luceria a City and Republick of Italy ascribed by Pliny and Strabo to Hetruria but now in the Dukedom of Florence and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Pisa tho not subject to his Jurisdiction It is very strongly fortified with eleven Bastions and very populous Built by the Thusci in the Year of the World 3236. thirty nine years after Rome in the times of Senacherib and of Ezekiah King of Judah Narsetes the General of the Emperor Justinian besieged it in the Sixth Century Charles V. left this City under the Government of a French Cardinal who set them at liberty One of their own Paulus Giunisius Ravished this from them they soon recovered it again In the year 1390. the City was taken by Galatius Duke of Milan but in 1430. they again recovered their Liberty which they have ever since carefully preserved and to that purpose in 1626. made the present Fortifications The Dominions belonging to this State by the Italians called Il Luchese are small not above thirty Miles long and twenty five broad lying between the Appennine to the North the Mediterranean Sea to the West the States of Genoua to the North and Pisa to the South its greatest length is from North to South The Earth brings forth here Wine Oil and Chesnuts in abundance not so productive of Corn. The Inhabitants have improved every Inch of it to the utmost by which they have made it very pleasant The Bishop is immediately subject to the Pope This City stands ten Miles from Pisa to the North thirteen from the Sea to the East and forty five from Florence to the West Commonly Epitheted Lucca l'industriosa The Tomb of Richard King of England who died here in a journey to Rome is to be seen in the Church of S. Fridainus Long. 33. 16. Lat. 42. 50. Luceria See Nocera Lucerne Lucerna a City and Canton in Switzerland The City stands in Argow upon the Lake of Lucerne where the River Russ flows out of it through this place and is covered by three Bridges nine German Miles from Bearn to the East and six from Altorf to the South-West An Imperial Free City till the year 1332 when it was exempted The Marquess de la Parelle Lieutenant-General of the Duke of Savoy's Army recovered it out of the Hands of the French in Aug. 1690. The Lake of Lucerne called by the Germans Lucernerzee is extended twenty four Miles from East to West and is often called the Waldtstatteuzee from the four Cities which encompass it viz. Altorf Swiss Stantz and Lucerne The Canton of Lucerne the third of the twelve Swiss Cantons is Roman Catholick united to the rest in 1332. and bounded North West South and East by the Cantons of Zurich Swiss and Stantz Lucomerie Lucomorie a Province belonging to the Russ beyond the River Ob in Asia towards the North Ocean in which there are no Cities the People living in Woods Caves and desart places Towards the South of this Province there are Mountains called by the same Name Lurko See Lusuc Luconia See Lusson Ludlow a large populous well built Market and Borough Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Overs upon the Banks of the Teme walled and defended by a Castle built by Roger Earl of Montgomery It elects two Parliament-Men and the Court for the Marshes of Wales first ordained by King Henry VIII used to be kept here Lug Logus a small River which ariseth in Radnorshire and flowing through the County of Hereford a little beneath the principal City falls into the Wye at Mordeford bringing with it the Arrom the Wadels the Oney the Loden and the Frome Lugnitz Vallis Leguntia a Canton belonging to the Grisons Lugo Lucus Augusti Turris Augusti Arae Sextianae a City and Bishops See in Gallicia in Spain under the Archbishop of Compostella upon the River Minho eighteen Leagues from Compostella to the East ten from the Shoar of the Ocean South and thirty from Leon to the West An ancient Roman City mentioned by Pliny and Antoninus This City falling into the Hands of the Moors was recovered by Alphonsus King of Leon who died in 756. That which has most contributed to its preservation is its Hot Baths Long. 12. 00. Lat. 43. 00. Several small Synods have been anciently assembled at it § There is another Town called Lugo about fifteen Miles from Ferrara in Italy which was almost quite destroyed by the overflowing of the Po in May 1688. Luki Lodusia a City and Port in Gothland in Sweden Lulworth Castle a delightful and noted Castle in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Winfrith with a large Park about it and enjoying a Prospect into the British Sea The Kings of England in their Western Progress have often honoured it with their presence Lumasia the same with Bulgaria Lumellina a Territory of Lumello a Town in Lombardy in Italy in the Dukedom of Milan in the Territory of Pavia twenty Miles from that City to the West towards Casale Luna an ancient Roman City in Italy out of whose Ruins is sprung the present Sarzana See Sarzana Lunden Lundis Londinum Scanorum a City of the Kingdom of Sweden which was the Capital of the Province of Scania and an Archbishops See with six Suffragan Bishops under it These are all in the Kingdom of Denmark to which this City belonged till 1658 when it fell into the Hands of the Swedes who in 1668 opened here an University It was once much Celebrated but now in a declining Condition eight German Miles from Copenhagen to the East and six from Landscroon to the South-West commonly called Lund by the Inhabitants Made a Bishops See in 1065 an Archbishops in 1103 Ill treated by the Swedes in the latter Wars the Danes receiving a considerable Overthrow near it December 14. 1676. It is now only a Bishops See the Archbishop being in 1660 Translated to Copenhagen Long. 41. 00. Lat. 57. 23. Lunenburgh Luneburgh Lunaeburgum Selenoburgum a City of the Lower Saxony in Germany formerly one of the principal Hanse Towns in the Empire and the Capital of the
through it but now it lies in Ruins therefore called Rovine di Mariana nothing being left but the Cathedral Church which has no Roof neither the Bishops See being removed to Bastia in 1575. Marib See Mecca Mariemberg Mariae-berga a Town of Germany in the Vpper Saxony in Misnia nine German Miles from Meissen the Capital of that Province to the South This is one of the Mine Towns seated in the Mountains near Annaberg in the Borders of Bohemia built by Henry Duke of Saxony in 1519. and still in the Hands of that Family Marienbourg a Town in Hainault in the Low Countries built by Mary of Austria Queen of Hungary and Governant of the Low Countries in 1542. and strongly fortified against the French who nevertheless gained the possession of it by the Pyrenean Treaty in 1660. and dismantled it This stands upon the River Aube eleven French Leagues from Mons to the East and four from Charlemont to the South-West Marienburgh Mariaeburgum called by the Poles bork by the Inhabitants Margenburgh is a strong City in Prussia Regalis whereof it is the Capital upon the River Nogat a Branch of the Vistula six German Miles from Dantzick to the North-East and four from Elbing to the South-West Heretofore the principal Seat of the Knights of Prussia who built it and dedicated it to the Virgin Mary the Castle in 1281 the Town in 1302. Casimirus King of Poland took this City in 1460. The Swedes in 1625. The Castle was burnt in 1644. and restored to the Poles in 1655. by Treaty Marienburgh or Marieburgh the same with Queen's Town in Ireland See Queen's County Mariendal the same with Mergentheim Mariestadt Mariaestadium a new City in Westrogothia in Sweden between the Lakes of Wener and Neter three German Miles from the former and six from the latter Long. 31. 19. Lat. 58. 27. Marigalante one of the Caribby Islands in South America under the French six Leagues from Guadeloupe and ten or twelve from Dominco Recommended for Fruitfulness Marignano Melignanum Meriganum a Town in the Duchy of Milan upon the River Lambro in the middle between Milan and Lodive ten Miles from either Near this the Swiss were beaten by Francis I. in 1515. Marinat Scardus a Mountain in Macedonia it parts Servia Albania and Macedonia and ends at the Euxine Sea near Saramontin the Borders of Romania Drino and many other Rivers spring from it In the Maps it is written Mazinai Marish Mariscus Marus a River of Transylvania it ariseth from the Carpathian Hills and passeth by Neumark Radnot Alba Julia or Weissenburg Branksa and Lippa to Segedin where it ends in the Tibiscus This is the principal River of Transylvania Mariza Hebrus a River of Thrace it ariseth out of Mount Hebrus which is a Branch of Mount Marinat in the Northern Confines of Macedonia Servia and Bulgaria where they all meet from two Fountains and running East it watereth Phileba or Philippopolis Adrianople and Ploutin where it receives Copriza and turning Southward falls into the Archipelago over against Lembro Mark See Marck Market-Iew a Market Town in the County of Cornwal and the Hundred of Penwith Marieborow or Marleburg Cunetio an ancient Roman Town seated upon the River Kenet in Wiltshire in the North-West Bounds towards Barkshire upon the ascent of an Hill In this there was a famous Parliament held for ending the Differences between the Barons and the King in the fifty second year of Henry III. A. C. 1267. where were made the Statutes called the Statutes of Marleburgh The Parliament assembled in a Castle which this place anciently had belonging unto John Sans terre as he was surnamed afterwards King of England It is still a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to the Parliament and hath withal the Convenience of Savernake Forest and Aldburn Chase in its Neighbourhood Charles I. at his Coronation added another Honour to this place by Creating James Lord Ley Lord Treasurer Earl of Marleborow February 5. 1625. which was afterwards possessed by William the fourth Earl of this Family Grandchild to the first Earl who succeeded Henry his Nephew slain in a Sea-Fight against the Dutch in 1665. The Lord Churchill enjoys this Title at present by the Creation of King William Marlow Magna a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Disborough probably so called for the Store of Marl or Chalk here dug up Marmara Strymon a River on the South of Macedonia towards the Borders of Thrace more usually called Stromona and also Radnitz and Iscar it falls in the Archipelago at Amphipoli Marmora Elaphonesus an Island in the Propontis on the Coast of Asia famous for Marble Quarries it is ten or twelve Leagues in circuit with a City the Capital of its own Name and divers Villages inhabited by the Religious Caloyers The adjacent Sea is called from hence the Sea of Marmora which discharges it self on one side into the Pontus Euxinus by the Bosphorus Thracius and on the other towards the South into the Aegean Sea by the Hellespont The ancient Poet Aristeas adorned this Island with his Nativity It communicates its Name to the three Neighbouring Islands Avezia Coutalli Gadaro called in general the Islands of Marmora They all stand in a good Climate abounding in Corn Wine Cattel Cotton and Fruit inhabited principally by the Religious Greeks and some Arabians Ptolemy mentions Marmora by the Name of Proconnesus Others call it Neuris Marmorica the present Kingdom of Barca in Africa it had heretofore for its Bounds Libya Propria to the East and Cyrenaica to the West Marne Matrona a great River in France which ariseth in Champaigne near Langres in a Village called Marmote in the Confines of the Franche Comte and running North-West watereth Langress Chaumont â—oynevil S. Dizier Chalons and Meaux then falls into the Seyne two Miles above Paris Maro A Valley Marquisate and Town upon the Confines of the States of Genoua belonging to the Duke of Savoy Marocco is both a City and a Kingdom in Africa in the West Part of Barbary the Kingdom of Marocco is a considerable part of Mauritania Tingitana extended on the Atlantick Ocean from the River Abene to that of Azamor on the East it has the River Malava which parts it from Tremesen on the West the Atlantick Ocean on the South Mount Atlas and on the North the Kingdom of Fez. The Country is said to be very fruitful and pleasant abounding in Cattle Fruits Corn Sugar Oil Hony and whatever is useful to the Life of Man Divided into seven Provinces which are Guzzula Sus Marocco Hea Hascora Daccala and Tedles The King takes the style of Emperour of Barbary and Marocco King of Fez Suz c. Hath a great number of Castles in this Kingdom yet there is one kept by the Portugueze two Leagues from Azamor Marocco Marochum Marochia Marochium the principal City which gives Name to the whole called by the Spaniards Maruccos by the Italians Marocho is supposed to have been the Bocanum
Aquitain in France upon a small River falling into the Vezere seven or eight Leagues from Perigueux and Bergerac Here there is a very long Subterraneous Caverne call'd la Caverne de Cluseau in which Altars Paintings and rooms are pretended to be discovered as if the Pagans had sacrificed in this place to the Infernal Gods Mirepoix Mirapisca Mirapicium Mirapincum a City of the Vpper Languedoc in France in the County of Foix upon the River Gers three Leagues from Foix to the East and eleven from Tolouse to the South Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolouse by Pope John XXII In 1318 having been before a part of the Diocese belonging to that Archbishoprick The Earls of this place in the War against the Albigenses for their bravery obtained the title of Mareschalls of the Faith Miron or Hued Icer Serbes a River in the Kingdom of Algier Miscow an Island in the Gulph of S. Laurence in the North America belonging to New France betwixt that Country and the Island of S. John small but very fruitful Missa Senna Sena a River of Italy which watereth Vrbino the Capital of the Dukedom of that name and falls in the Gulph of Venice four Miles from Signiglia to the North-West Called by the latter Geographers il Cesano Misitra Lacedaemon Sparta is an ancient and most famous City of the Morea seated upon the River Eurotas now called Vafilipotamo thirty Miles from Megalopolis to the South one hundred and twenty from Athens to the South-West and twenty from the nearest Shoar of the Mediterranean Sea This was the Old Sparta Long. 48. 50. Lat. 38. 31. It is situate partly upon a Plain partly upon the foot of Mount Tayget which within Cannon Shot closeth it on the North the River descending from some Hills on the North-West incompasseth it on the West and South In ancient times it was as Polybius saith forty eight Greek Stades in Circuit which is six English Miles but it had a very unhealthful Situation the Mountain on the North side cutting off the cooling Breezes and redoubling by Reflection the Violence of the Rays of the Sun which make it even now when there is so few Inhabitants in it subject to the Plague every Autumn besides the Mountain renders it weak and undefensible This City is said to be built about the Year of the World 2997. in the days of the Patriarch Jacob 1763 Years before the Birth of our Saviour which account if it be true makes Misitra 983 years older than Rome There was no City in the World that flourished so many Ages as this in Military Glory it had a considerable share in all those Actions which made the ancient Greeks so famous It had Kings also the longest of any of the Grecian Cities for many Ages two at once and when they took away the Power from them they preserved the name This City was never brought under the Power of any Stranger till Philopoemen a Macedonian who died in the Year of the World 3767. took and abolished Lycurgus his Laws Which is placed by Helvicus in the Year of the World 3767. one hundred and ninety one Years before the Birth of our Saviour After this it became so inconsiderable as to be rarely mentioned only we are informed the Greek Emperors made it the Appenage of their Elder Sons Mahomet II. stiled the Great was the first of the Turkish Princes who in 1458. or thereabouts possessed himself of this City and the Cittadel built in the latter times on the top of Mount Taygetus In 1473. the Venetians took the City from the Turks but not being able to master the Cittadel they were soon after forced to desert it In 1687. the Bassa of Misitra Articled with the Victorious Venetians to March away with only what the Garrison could carry This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth at this day very small and little peopled Misnia Libonotria is a Province and Marquisate of Germany called by the Inhabitants Meissen or Meissnerlandt It is a considerable part of the Vpper Saxony bounded on the North by the Principality of Anhalt on the East by Lusatia on the South by Bohemia and Franconia and on the West by Thuringia The greatest part is under the Elector of Saxony who resides at Dresden the Capital City The other considerable Places are Leipsick Meissen Mersburg Naumburg and Zwicaro Misraim the most ancient name of Egypt Mistretta Amestrata a very ancient Town in Sicily in the North-West part of the Island upon the River Alaesum fourteen Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and fifty five from Palermo to the East Modbury a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Armington betwixt the Rivers Arme and Aune La Mocha an Island of the South Sea near the Kingdom of Chili in America Modena Mutina a City of Lombardy in Italy the Capital of a Sovereign Dukedom of the same name Seated in a Plain upon the River Secchia the greatest Bed of which runs four Miles more to the West but it has two Branches one runs under the Walls the other through the City of Modena and a little beneath the City unite and fall into the Panaro This City lies twenty Miles from Bologna to the North-West and forty four from Ferrara to the South-West It is naturally strong by its Situation fortified too and has had a Castle added of latter times for its greater security Ancient Story informs us this City was a Roman Colony of great Strength and Reputation and that M. Antonius besieged D. Brutus the principal Conspirator against Julius Caesar here but Hirtius and Pansa the two Consuls coming up Antonius was forced to raise the Siege whereupon followed a bloody Fight in which both these Consuls were slain in the Year of Rome 711. In the times of the Goths and Lombards it was intirely ruined but rebuilt by the Children of Charles the Great In 973. here was a Council held for the composing some differences amongst the German Princes This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna Lo Stato di Modena Mutinensis Ducatus the Dukedom of Modena is bounded on the North with the Dukedoms of Mantoua and Mirandola on the East with the Territory of Bologna on the South with the Dukedom of Tuscany and the States of Luca on the West with the Dukedom of Parma It extends from North to South sixty from East to West forty five Miles heretofore under the Duke of Ferrara but the eldest Line of that Family failing in Alphonsus II. in 1597 the Dukes of Modena who were a younger Branch of the same Family put in their Claim for the whole Succession but were opposed by Pope Clement VIII Whereupon ensued a War which was ended by a Treaty the next Year the Pope keeping Ferrara and the Duke Modena as a Sovereign State Alphonsus d'Este the present Duke is the Third of this Line since the Sovereignty fell into this Family descended from a Race of Dukes which began
Pope Lucius III. adorned with this Archiepiscopal Chair in the Year 1182 at the Request of that Prince who assigned this See a large Revenue and built a stately Palace for the Archbishops Mons Montes Montes Hannoniae the Capital City of the Province of Hainault in the Low Countries called by the Dutch Berghen by the Germans Berg by the French and English Mons Seated upon the River Troville which a little lower falls into the Haisne in the middle between Douay to the West and Namur to the East twelve Miles from either and ten from Brussels to the South-West It is very strongly seated because all the Country about it may be drowned and it is well walled has three deep Trenches about it a Castle in it The publick and private Buildings are very Magnificent many of them adorned with excellent Fountains The French besieged it with an Army of thirty thousand Men in 1678 under the Command of the Duke of Luxemburgh and so strongly retrenched their Army that they despised any Attempt that could be made upon their Camp yet the Prince of Orange coming up to the Relief of this City bravely and resolutely attacked them and by the Valour chiefly of ten thousand English led on by the brave Lord Ossory entered the French Camp with their Swords drawn at high Noon-day the French General very hardly escaping This rich strong populous City defended it self against the encroachment of the French and remained in the hands of the Spaniards till 1691. when the French besieg'd and took it The ancient Counts or Earls of Hainault used the title of Earls of Mons. There is a famous Abbey of Chanonesses in it permitted to marry Mons en Puelle a Village and Castle in the Chastellanie of L'isle in Flanders betwixt the Cities L'isle and Doway where Philip le Bel K. of France fought the Flemings Aug. 18. 1304. and killed of them 25000. Monserat or Montserrat Mons Serratus a Mountain in Catalonia in Spain upon the River Lobregat nine Miles from Barcelone to the South-West very high and steep in the middle of it is a Monastery famous for the Worship of an Image of the Virgin Mary which was found here in 880. Monsoreau a Town in Anjou in France Monstieres a City and an Archbishoprick in Tarantaise in Savoy Mont a Marquisate in the Ecclesiastick State subject to the Pope Montacute a sharp-pointed Hill in the South parts of Somersetshire which has the honour to give the title of a Viscount to the R. H. Francis Brown descended from Anthony Brown created Viscount Montacute in the Reign of Qu. Mary in 1554 which Anthony was descended from Tho. Montacute Earl of Salisbury created Lord Montacute and afterwards Marquess Montacute by K. Edw. IV. Montagnia a considerable City of Natolia upon the Coast of the Sea of Marmora and the Gulph called heretofore Cianus Sinus five Leagues from Bursa accounted to have five or six thousand Inhabitants of Turks Greeks and Jews and by the way of the Gulph entertaining a good Commerce with Constantinople Montaldo a small place in Piedmont subject to the Pope Mont-alcino or Monte Alcino Mons Alcinous and Mons Alcinus a small City in the Territory of Siena under the Great Duke of Tuscany built upon an Hill twenty one Miles from Siena to the South-West and fifty five from Piombino to the North-East A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena but exempt from his Jurisdiction Montalto Mons Altus a New City in the Marchia Anconitana in the States of the Church under the Dominion of the Pope upon the River Monocia twelve Miles from Fermo to the South-West and eight from Ascoli to the North A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ferme founded by Pope Sixtus Wwho was born here § There is another Montalto in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which passes for the Vffuguim of Livy A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cozenza § Besides a small Town under the Pope in Italy upon the Confines of Piedmont and the Dukedom of Montferrat Montames Caliabrum once a City of Lusitania and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Merida now a considerable Town in the Province of Estremadura in Spain which has a Castle in the Possession of the Knights of Saint James six Leagues from Merida Montargis Montargium a pleasant City in le Gastinois a Province of France seated upon the River Loing which falls into the Seyne twenty five Leagues from Paris to the South and eighteen from Orleans to the East Being besieged by the English in 1418. it was burnt and rebuilt in the Year 1528. since which time it has been esteemed the Capital of le Gastinois Montauban Montalbanus Mons Aureolus Mons Albanus a City of France in the Province of Quercy in Aquitain in the Confines of Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolose founded by Pope John XXII in 1317. upon the River Tarn eight Leagues from Tolose to the North nine from Caors to the South and ten from Agen to the North-East This is a pleasant great rich populous City generally built with Brick and a very strong Place By the Edict of Nants made in 1599 by Henry IV. this was one of the places put into the Hands of the French Protestants for their Security They quietly enjoyed it till the Year 1621 when it was in vain attempted to take it from them by a potent Siege It had a Brick Bridge upon the River which being much damnified in this Siege was rebuilt in 1667 with a flanting Inscription in Latin Montbelliard See Monbeliar Montblanc Mons Albus a small Town in Catalonia Honored by being made the Title of a Dukedom it stands upon the River Francolinum five Leagues from Tarragona to the North. Montbrison See Monbrison Monte-Cassino See Cassin Monte-Corbino a City of the Kingdom of Naples in Italy of good antiquity It was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento but in 1433 the See became united with that of Vulturara in the same Kingdom Monte-Falco a Town in the Province of Ombria in Italy near the City Spoleti Monte-Fiascone Mons Physcon a small City in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy made a Bishops See by Pope Vrban V. It stands upon the Lake of Bolsena Volsinium between Viterbio to the East and Bolsena to the West eight Miles from either of them and twenty from Corneto to the North. with the Bishoprick of which this is united for ever The Wines of this place have ever been in great esteem Monte-Fiore a Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy Monte-Leone Mons Leo Hippo Vibo a City and Colony of the Brutii now in the Further Calabria which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza but that Chari was removed to Melito by Pope Gregory VII This place is in a very good estate four Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea twenty from the Ionian Sea and about thirty eight from Cosenza to the South See Melito Some
Pont near Belsey in the County of Northumberland giving the Title of Earl to the Duke of Newcastle and its name to the VVard it stands in It did formerly belong to the Barons Ogle Oglio Ollio Ollius a River in the States of Venice in Italy it springeth from the Mountains above Edulum in the Borders of Switzerland in the Valteline and flowing through Brescia or Brexa into the Lake de Iseo it leaves it at Calepio a little lower separating the Territory of Brescia from that of Cremona or the State of Venice from the Dukedom of Milan and watering part of the Dukedom of Mantoua it falls into the Po at Burgoforte Oie a County in Picardy It is extended from Calais as far as to Graveling and Dunkirk and hath a Town in it of the same name The Spaniards during the Civil Wars of the League possessed themselves of this County till by the Treaty of Vervin in 1598. it was surrendred again to the Crown of France The English heretosore held it above two Ages § There is a small Island Oie near that of Rè upon the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain L'Oise Osesia Isauria Oesia Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy in the Confines of Hainault and Champagne and washing Guise Lafere and Noyon at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne a bigger River than it self so by Pont S. Maxiente Beaumont and Pont Oyse falls into the Seyne six Miles below Paris towards Roan Okeham or Oakham the Capital Town of the County of Rutland seated in the rich and pleasant Vale of Catmoss and said to derive its name from the plenty of Oaks growing in its neighbourhood It has a Castle where the Assises are kept a Frecschool and a Hospital And by an ancient Privilege belonging to its Royalty a Nobleman entering on horseback within its Precincts pays the homage of a Shooe from his Horse Therefore upon the door of the Shire-Hall there are many Horse-shooes nailed and over the Judges Seat in the same one curiously wrought five foot and a half long with a breadth proportionable But this Homage or Forfeiture may be commuted for money Okehampton a Borough and Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Black-Torring It returns two Members of Parliament Old or Ould Olitis a River in Quercy in France Olde or Oude Vlda a River in Bretagne Oldenburg Oldenburgum Brannesia a small City in VVestphalia the Capital of a County of the same name seated upon the River Honta twenty five Miles from Breman to the West and forty from Embden to the East Built by Otho the Great and almost totally ruined by Fire in the year 1676. that very day the Citizens were to have taken the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Denmark The County of Oldemburg is a small County in the Circle of VVestphalia between East-Friesland to the West the Dukedom of Bremen to the East the Bishoprick of Munster to the South and the German Ocean to the North. Very fruitful especially as to Pasture and Cattle the Air is cold and Foggy This for a long time was under Counts of its own who are derived from VVittikindus the last King and first Duke of the Saxons VValepart one of his Nephews in 850. being the Earl of Oldemburg This Line continued with some small variation for twenty three or twenty four Descents and in 1676. failed Since which it has been annexed to the Crown of Denmark that King being descended of the Eldest Branch of the Earls of Oldenburg Oldenborg a Town in Holstein in the Territory of Wageren once a Bishops See but removed long since to Lubeck it stands not above three Miles from the Baltick Sea and thirty from Lubeck to the North. Oldenpo Oldenpoa a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Lettonia to the South Esthonia properly so called to the West Alentak to the North and Moscovy to the East under the Swedes the chief Town in it is Tonspat Oldenzeel or Oldensel Odesalia a strong Town in Overyssel in the Vnited Netherlands taken and dismantled by the Hollanders in 1626. Oldeslo Oldensloe Oldesloa a Town in Holstein in Wageren upon the River Trava in the Borders of Lavemburg three German Miles from Lubeck to the West and five from Hamburgh to the South-East The King of Denmark erected here a spacious Fortification in 1688. At which Lubeck was not a little alarm'd Oleron Vliarus an Island on the Coast of Aquitain belonging to the Duchy thereof upon the Shoar of Saintonge against the Mouth of the River Charente two Leagues from the Continent Six from North to South two from East to West strengthened by a very strong Castle on the South Side and universally famous for the Sea-Laws here Published by Richard I. King of England at his Return from the Holy Land in the fifth year of his Reign at which time this Island lay under the Dominion of the Kings of England This is the same Island with the Olarion of Sidonius Apollinaris which he says yields plenty of Rabbets Oleron or Oleron sur le Gave Oloronensis urbis Huro Hurona Elarona Loronensium Civitas a City of Bearn in the South of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux Destroyed by the Normans in the year 1080. and rebuilt by Centulus one of the Earls of this Province upon a Branch of the Gave thence called Le Gave de Oleron ten Leagues from Tarbes to the West eighteen from Dax to the South and twenty four from Pampelona to the North. It stands upon an Eminence having an old Tower Olika Olica a City in Volhinia a Province of Poland five Miles from Lucko to the South-East which in 1651. sustained a Siege against the Cossacks and preserved it self out of their Hands Olinde Olinda a Maritim City of Brasil in America the Capital of the Province of Pernambuc Taken by the Hollanders in 1629. and fortified but afterwards deserted and returned under the Crown of Portugal This City stands upon a Hill near the Mouth of the River Bibiribe has a Castle called S. George and a large Haven In 1676. it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvadore Olivenza Evandria Oliventia a strong City of Portugal upon the River Guadiana three Leagues from Elvas to the South-West and twelve from Evora to the East Taken by the Spaniards in 1658. and restored to the Portuguese by the Treaty of Peace at Lisbon in 1688. Olivero Oliverio Helicon a River on the North of Sicily The Mount of Olives Mons Olivetus a Mount in the Vicinage to the East of the City Jerusalem in Palestine which hath the Valley of Jehosaphat lying betwixt Jerusalem and it and the Brook Kedron gliding at its Foot About two thousand Paces in length from North to South and six hundred in heighth affording a delightful Prospect not only over Jerusalem but towards the Mountains of Arabia towards Jordain and the Dead Sea Hebron and Samaria It breaks into three Points or little Hills whereof the
lowest to the South is called the Mountain of Scandal that to the North Mons Viri Galilaei the other in the midst is the highest And upon each of these Hills in the times of the ancient Moabites and Ammonites stood a Tabernacle of the Idols Ashtaroth Chamosh and Melchen which were adored by Solomon's Concubines Hither our Saviour retired to pray the Night preceding his Passion as before often and from hence he ascended into Heaven leaving the Print of his Foot upon a Rock which is shown to Pilgrims to this day Helena the Mother of Constantine built a Noble Church here whose Ruins are extant together with others of the Temple of Moloc the Village Shiloah the Garden of Gethsemani and the Sepulchres of the Prophets Haggai and Zechariah severally scattered up and down the Mountain The Turks have now two or three small Mosques upon it It is of a fruitful Mould yielding Corn and plenty of Olives according to its Name Oliveto a Principality towards the middle of the Basilicata in the Kingdom of Naples Olmitz Olmutz Olomutium a small but neat strong populous City once the Capital of Moravia a Province in Bohemia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Prague Taken by the Swedes in 1642. and defended by them against the Emperor till the Peace of Munster it stands seven German Miles from Bryn to the South-East twenty from Vienna to the North and twenty six from Cracovia to the West in a fruitful Soil The Poles call it Olomoniec the Germans Ulmitz Olt Aluta a River of Transylvania called by the Germans Alt flowing Southward through Transylvania and watering Cronstad Mergenburg Fogaras it leaves Hermanstat to the West and crossing the Mountains of Eysenthorn and the Western Part of Moldavia falls into the Danube above Nigeboli Olympia an ancient City of Elis now the Province of Belvedore in the Morea where Jupiter thence sirnamed Olympius had a magnificent Temple dedicated to him which the Oracles therein delivered and the Olympick Games every five years celebrated in his Honour rendered immensely rich Famous moreover for a Statue and Throne of Jupiter made by Phidias of Gold Ivory and Precious Stones with that Art and Grandeur as to be accounted amongst the VVonders of the Old VVorld Pausanias delivers a particular Description thereof Strabo remarks a Fault in the Proportion The Emperor Caligula would have taken it away but was diverted from his Enterprize by strange Prodigies according to the Histories of Dion Suetonius and Josephus In the same Temple amongst many other Altars there was one dedicated to the Vnknown Gods which gave the occasion to the like Inscription at Athens Olympus a high Mountain of Thessalia betwixt the Mountains Pelion and Ossa well known in the Writings of all Greek and Latin Poets It is now called Lacha Om Lar a River of Arabia Foelix which falls into the Gulph of Persia Ombla Arjona a River of Dalmatia which falls into a Harbour of the same Name two French Leagues from Raguza to the North. This seems to be the Port belonging to Raguza Ombria or l'Vmbra Vmbria was in ancient Times a considerable part of Italy Bounded on the North by the Adriatick Sea on the South by the River Nera Nar on the West by the Tiber and on the East by Picenum the Apennine dividing it This in ancient Inscriptions and Authors epitheted according to its several Provinces Vmbria Thuscia Vmbria Sabina Vmbria Crustomina Vmbria Fidenata Senonia c. contained the Dukedom of Vrbino a part of the Marchia Anconitana and of Romandiola the Dukedom of Spoleto and the greatest part of what is now from the ancient name called Ombria which is bounded on the North with the Dukedom of Vrbino and the Marchia Anconitana on the West with the Dukedom of Florence on the South with S. Peters Patrimony and on the East with Abruzzo all under the Pope except S. Sepulcro which belongs to the Duke of Florence the Capital City of Ombria is Perugia Ombrone Vmbro a River of Italy which ariseth ten Miles from Siena to the East and flowing Southward by Buonconvento takes in Mersa and Orcia and five Miles beneath Grosseto falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea seven from Talamont to the North West There is a Castle called by the same name at its fall into the Sea Omland a part of the Province of Groeningerlandt in the Vnited Netherlands well Peopled with Villages and excellent in Pasturage It did belong heretofore to Friseland Omme See Trero Onega a vast Lake in Moscovy between the White Sea to the North Ladoga another great Lake to the West Kargapolia to the East and Megrina to the South It parts the Dominions of the Swedes from the Moscovites to the North and South and transmits its Waters by the River Suri into Ladoga The Natives call it Onega Ozero It is computed to be fifty Leagues in length eighteen in breadth and one hundred and twenty in circumference Onar a City on the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies eighteen Spanish Leagues from Goa to the South which has a strong Castle a large Haven heretofore in the hands of the Portuguese but now subject to the King of Canara with the Kingdom depending on it called by the same name Oneglia or Oneille a Valley upon the Borders of the States of Genoua in Italy under the Duke of Savoy It hath the honour to be a Marquisate and is extremely commended for its Vines Olives and Fruits Onspach or Anspach Onoldum Onspachium Anspachium a Town and Castle in Franconia upon a River of the same name in Franconia six German Miles from Norimburg to the East and ten from Bamberg This is the Capital of a Marquisate belonging to a Prince of the Family of Brandenburg between the Bishopricks of Bamberg and VVurtsburg to the North and that of Eichstad to the South Ophiophagi an ancient People of Aethiopia whom the Classicks characterize under this name because of their Eating of Serpents Oppelen Oppolia a City of Bohemia in Silesia upon the River Oder the Capital of a Dukedom It has an ancient Castle which together with the Dukedom was mortgaged to J. Casimir King of Poland The City is well fortified yet taken by the Swedes and kept till the Peace of Munster It stands seven German Miles from Ratisbon to the North nine from VVratislaw and six from the Borders of Poland The Land of Ophir When Christopher Columbus first discovered the Island of Hispaniola in America in 1492. he was confident he had found the Ophir of K. Solomon to see the vast Mines of Gold there Peru and Mexico have had the same judgment passed upon them as in Africa the Kingdoms of Angola Melinde and Sofala together with Carthage and in Asia Arabia the Islands of Ormus Zeylan Java Sumatra the Kingdoms of Pegu Siam Bengala and Malaca But the American Voyages of all sound the most improbable because of the immense distance of that Country from Palestine and the want of the
it self the Publick Schools and Physick Garden are admired by all By the Charter of K. Edward III. the Mayor of the City stands bound to obey the Orders and live in Subjection to the Vicechancellour of the Vniversity which from the time of its Restauration under K. Alfred has been all along accounted one of the four principal Vniversities of Europe the three other being Paris Salamanca and Bologna Henry VIII added in the year 1541. the Honor of a Bishop's See Aubrey de Vere the present Earl of Oxford is the twentieth of his Family which has been honored with this Title ever since the year 1155 or as others say in 1137. It is certain he is the first Earl in England Long. 19. 20. Lat. 52. 01. This City having suffered very much with and for Charles the Martyr after a Siege from May 2. to June 24. 1646 was surrendred to the Parliamentarians Oxirynchus or Oxgrynchus an ancient Town in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Evagrius He says the Inhabitants were almost all Monks or Nuns and that it had then twelve Churches besides the Monasteries Oyse Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy and running Southward by Guise and la Fere takes in there the Serre then entering the Isle of France at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne and between Clermont and Senlis passeth to Pont-Oyse beneath which it falls into the Seyne eight Leagues below Paris Ozaca a great City of the Kingdom of Japan in the Island of Niphonia with a splendid Castle belonging to the King built some few years since The Island is in a very large Bay of the Province of Jetsesena The City stands in the middle of the Island fifty Leagues from Meaco to the North-East Ozsurgheti Ozurietum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Guriel in Georgia where the King of Guriel resides Ozwieczin Ozviecinum a Town in the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Cracovia upon the Vistula where it takes in the Sala scarce three Polish Miles from Silesia and about seven from Cracovia to the West It has a Timber Castle seated in a Morass Honored with the Title of a Dukedom In the year 1654 it returned to the Crown of Poland after it had for many years been annexed to Silesia This Town is called by the Germans Ausch-Wits P A. PAchacama a famous fertile and pleasant Valley in the Kingdom of Peru four Leagues from Lima where stood in the times of the Yncas or Indian Emperors of Peru a most magnificent Temple by them built to the honour of the Creator of the Vniverse says Garcillasus not of the Sun as others misrepresent their Devotion Its Ruines are yet apparent This Temple was immensely rich with the Treasures especially hidden in it when Pizarro became Master of the Country It is said himself drew thence above nine hundred thousand Duccates Pacamores a People of Peru near the Confluence of the Maranio and the River of Amazons Pacca the Moorish Name of Beja a City of Portugal Pactolus a River of the Lesser Asia which ariseth in Lydia from the Mountain Tmolus and passeth by the City Sardis into the Hermus now Sarabat whence it is also by the Moderns called by the same Name of Sarabat The antient Poets often quote its golden Sands Padeborn Paderborn Paderborna Padeburna a City of Westphalia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the Institution of Charles the Great who held a Diet or Parliament here in 777. In 799. Pope Leo III. took refuge in this City In 999. it happened to be burnt In 1002. the Empress Cunegonda was crowned at it Of old an Imperial and Free City but since exempt and in the Hands of its own Bishop ever since 1604. It is seated near the Rise of the River Lippe twelve Miles from Munster to the North-East and ten from Cassel to the South-West about two Miles from it lies the Castle of Newhaus built by Theodore Furstemberg Bishop of this Seâ— in the year 1590 for the Residence of the Bishop Long. 30. 30. Lat. 51. 45. § The Bishoprick of Paderborn is a Tract in the Circle of Westphalia bounded on the North by the County of Lippâ— on the East by Munster on the South by Hassia and on the West by the Dukedom of Westphalia It is from North to South forty Miles The principal Places in it are Paderborn Brackel and Warburgh Ferdinand Furstemberg Bishop of this Diocese has written a History of it Padoua Patavium a Ciâ—y of Italy in the States of Venice upon the Rivers Brenta and Bachiglione twenty four Miles from Venice to the West eighteen from Vicenza and forty eight from Ferrara to the North. All the ancient Writers agree this City was built by Antenor a Trojan particularly Virgil speaking of Antenor says Hic tamen ille urbem Patavi sedesque locavit soon after the Ruin of Troy They pretend to shew his Tomb here upon which there is an Inscription in Gothick Letters that cannot be equally old In this City was brought into the World Livy the great Roman Historian About the year of Christ 452 it was ruined by Attila King of the Huns rebuilt by the Inhabitants of Ravenna About an hundred years after the Lombards destroyed it and Charles the Great refounded it In 1140. it came into the Possession of the Carrarii In 1221 Frederick II. Emperor opened the University here In 1403. John Galeatius Duke of Milan put an end to this Family and three years after the Venetians took it from him In 1509 it was taken from them by Maximilian I. Emperor of Germany but being soon after recovered has ever since continued under that State It is great and strong but not very populous and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Aquileja Long. 33. 58. Lat. 44. 54. The Country it stands in is so fruitful as to give occasion to this Italian Proverb to prefer Padua before either Venice or Bologna Bologna la grassa Venetia la guasta ma Padoa la passa It is made a strong place by its Castles Towers Walls and Ditches The Palaces and publick Buildings are noble the Vniversity is particularly famous for the Faculty of Physick It is the Capital of the Territory called the Padouan which comprehends Este Arqua Poluerara Castelbaldo Montagnana Mirano c. There are two Academies of the Ingenious established in it under the Titles of gli Recoverati and gli inflammati It shews the ruines of a Roman Amphitheatre And in the year 1350. a Synod was assembled in this City Padstow a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Pider with a Haven to the North Sea Pagâ—ts â—romley a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the River Blithe Paglion â—auâ—on a small River which washeth the City of Nice in Piedmouâ— then falls into the Mediterranean Sea alamos a Sea-Port Town in Catalonia The Palatinate of Bavaria See Bavaria The Palatinate of the Rhine Palatinatus Rheni Palatinatus Inferior
in and before the Roman times Now the eldest Sons of the Dukes of Savoy are styled Princes of Piedmont Pienza Pientia Corfinianum a City of Hetruria now in the Territory of Siena and a Bishops See by the Institution of Pope Pius II. in 1462. who was born at it under the Archbishop of Siena It is little but well Peopled six Miles from Monte Pulciano to the West ten from the Popes Dominions and twenty five from Siena to the North-East under the Duke of Florence Baudrand in another place states the distance thus three from Monte Pulciano and twenty two from Siena Piergo See Polina Pieria and Pierius By these names in ancient Histories we find mentioned a River of the Peloponnesus in Achaia § A sountain in Elis in the same Country § A Mountain of Thessalia in Macedonia consecrated to the Muses by the Poets who therefore give them the name of Pierides § An entire Province of the ancient Macedonia towards the Sinus Thermaicus and the Borders of Thessaly the Inhabitants whereof were called Pieres § As likewise a part of Syria near Cilicia Pifar Phiternus Tifernus the same with Biferno a River in the Kingdom of Naples it ariseth out of the Apennine in the Province of Molise near Boiano and flowing to the South-East watereth Guardia Alferes and passeth by Larina at last by Termini a City of the Capitanata falls into the Adriatick Sea between il Fortore and Trigno two other Rivers of that Kingdom Pignerol Pinarolo Pinarolium a City of Piedmont upon an Hill which has a strong Castle upon the River Cluso at the foot of the Alpes Twelve Miles from Turin to the North-West nineteen from Suse to the South and ten from Saluzes This City belonged to the Dukedom of Savoy but was ravished from that Prince by Cardinal Richelieu in 1630 and by Lewis XIII United March 31. 1631 to the Crown of France for ever according to the Articles of the Treaty of Querasque betwixt him and Victor Amadaeus D. of Savoy There are divers Churches and Religious Houses here And the Castle is very strong both by art and nature Pilaca Ajax a River of Calabria which falls into the Ionian Sea Pilau Pilaua a strong Fort or Castle in the Ducal Prussia at the Mouth of the Bay of Koningsperg three German Miles from that City to the West Taken by the Swedes in 1626 but now under the Duke of Brandenburg and has a very good Harbour belonging to it Pilsen Pilsenum a City of Bohemia upon the River Mies nine German Miles from Prague to the West six from the Borders of the Vpper Palatinate and eleven from Eger or Heb. This is a great and strong City besieged unsuccessfully by the Hussars but taken by the Count de Mansfeldt in 1118. The Mies below it receives a small River in that form as makes this place seem to stand in a Peninsula Pilsno Pilsna a City of the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Sandomir near the Vistula the Capital of a Territory of the same Name Pinco Pincus a River in the Isle of Candy or Crete Pindus a vast Mountain now called Mezzovo ascribed by Strabo to Macedonia by Ptolemy to Epirus it passing between it and Macedonia by others to Thessalia It stretcheth from East to West from the Acroceraunian Hills now called Capo della Chimera in Albania to the Thermopylae now Bocca di Lupo in the midst of this Course it brancheth out to the South the Parnassus and Helicon which has occasioned the confounding these three Names The Enacho and Eas two Rivers spring from this Mountain Pingiam a great and rich City of the Province of Xansi in China said to be the Capital over thirty others in the same Province Pingive a City in the Province of Queicheu in China Pingleang a City in the Province of Xensi in China upon the River Kiang at the Foot of the Mountains Pinglo a great City in the Province of Quamsi in China upon the River Li. The Capital over several other Cities Pinhel Pinelum a small but strong City in the Kingdom of Portugal in the Confines of the Kingdom of Leon upon a River of the same Name four Leagues from the Duero to the South and six from Guarda Piâ—sk Pinscum a Town in Lithuania in the Palatinate of Brescia upon a River of the same Name Once a very considerable place and now the Capital of a District called by its Name but being taken by the Cossacks they burnt and plundered it by which Devastation it is reduced into a mean Condition It stands nineteen Miles from Brescici to the East Piomba Helvinum Matrinas a River of Abruzzo flowing between the Cities of Adria and Penna in the Further Abruzzo into the Adriatick Sea Piombino Piumbinum a great and strong City in the Territory of Siena in Italy on the Tyrrhenian Sea under the Dominion of a Prince of its own but has a Spanish Garrison for its Protection It lies in the midst between Orbitello and Ligorne fifty Miles from either and from Siena This City sprung out of the Ruins of Populonium which stood not far from it Pir Orontes Pirgi Perga once an Archbishops See now a small Village in Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia Pirn a Town in the Province of Messen Misnia in the Vpper Saxony in Germany upon the Elbe three Leagues from the Borders of Bohemia near Dresden Remarkable for a Treaty concluded at it in 1635 betwixt the Elector of Saxony and the Emperor Ferdinand II. As also for the Protection given here in 1628 to the Refugee Protestants of Bohemia and Austria In 1640 the Army of the King of Sweden took this Town Pisa Pisae a Town of Hetruria of great Antiquity built by the People of Peloponnesus as Strabo averrs now an Archbishops See upon the River Arno which divides it and is covered with three Bridges Great but not well peopled It has an University which was opened here in 1349 and a strong Cittadel Also once a potent Commonwealth which recovered Sardinia out of the Hands of the Saracens mastered Carthage and Majorca and gave great assistance to the Christians of the East but being it self first overpowered by the Florentines and restored to its former Liberty by Charles VIII of France it fell the second time under their Power and together with Florence subjected to the House of Medices under whom it now is This City stands six Miles from the Mouth of the Arno to the East and forty five from Florence ten from Lucca to the South fifteen from Ligorne In a numerous and splendid Council here held in 1400 Alexander V. was chosen Pope and the two Antipopes Benedict XIII and Greg. XII declared to be Schismaticks and Hereticks and as such deposed It is famous for many other noble Councils One in 1134 under Pope Innocent II. excommunicated the Antipope Anacletus Another in 1511 acted against the person and Government of Pope Julius II. Whereunto add the Treaty in 1664
Taro takes its course to the Po. The Towns Campiano and Borgo di Val di Taro stand in this Principate Pristina a large City in Bulgaria situated in the midway between Nissa and Vscopia Taken by the Imperialists in the year 1689. Prochita or Procida an Island three Miles in compass on the Coast of Terra di Lavoro near the Bay of Naples which has a fine Castle and a Monastery Propontis the Sea betwixt Asia Minor and Thrace now called the Sea of Marmora See Marmora La Provence Provincia one of the Southern Provinces of France The first part of France which the Romans conquered and reduced into the form of a Roman Province from whence it has its Name Provincia Romana In those times it was bounded on the East by the Maritim Alpes on the South by the Mediterranean Sea on the West by the Rhosne and on the North by the Vocontii Caturiges and Ebroduntii three Gallick Tribes or Nations within which bounds it contained all these other Tribes the Cavares the Salii Desviates Albici Mimeni and Oxybii It is now much less than it was then but still one of the greatest Provinces in France bounded on the North by the Dauphine on the East by the Alpes and the County of Nizza on the West by Languedoc cut off by the Rhosne and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea From East to West from the Rhosne to the Var forty four Leagues from North to South thirty two in Circuit one hundred fifty eight as Honorate de Bouche has shewn in a very exact Description of it lately published The Capital of this Province is Aix the other Cities are Antibe Arles Avignon Carpentras Digne Dragugnan Frejus Grasse Marseille Orange Sisteron Tarascon Toulon Voison The Rivers Rhosne Var Durance Verdon Argens c. water it This Province was conquered by the Romans before Julius Caesar entered France upon the complaint of the Marsilians against the Salians M. Fulvius Flaccus was sent with an Army against them in the year of Rome 627. one hundred twenty three years before the Birth of our Saviour and the War was ended by Fabius Maximus in 632. It continued under the Romans till the year of Christ 411. when it was granted to Atholphus King of the Goths with Placidia a Sister of the Emperour Honorius by that Prince Theodorick expelled this Nation in 462. and brought it under the Ostrogoths or Goths of Italy from whom it passed to Theodobert King of Metz a Frank about 549. by the Grant of the Emperour Justinian From these it passed to Rodolph Duke of Burgundy and in 876. Hugh de Arles obtained this Province of Boson King of Burgundy by the Title of Earl of Provence It continued under Earls with the changes of Families till 1481. when Charles Earl of Maine the last Earl of Provence gave it to Lewis XI King of France his Cousin German from which time it has been united to the Crown of France There were in this Province three other small States not subject de Jure to the Crown of France as Avignon under the Pope Nizza under the Duke of Savoy and Orange under the Prince of Orange Provins Provinum a Town sometime the Capital of la Brie in France upon the River Vousie whence the Province-Roses take their denomination It has been understood by some to be the Agendicum of the Ancients Prusa See Bursa Besides which two other ancient Episcopal Cities in Bithynia in the Lesser Asia have their Names remembred by Strabo Pliny and Ptolemy Said to be now called Cheris and Barech Prussia Borussia Pruthenia a great and fruitful Province of the Kingdom of Poland which is a Dukedom called by the Inhabitants Prouss by the Poles Prussy by the Germans Preussen and by the Italians Prussia Bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea on the West by Pomerania on the South by Poland and Mazovia on the East by Lithuania Samogitia This Province was at first under Sovereign Dukes of its own after that under the Knights of the Teutonick Order who in 1228. began a long and bloody War towards the Conquest of it in 1454. the Western part was lost from that Order being subdued by the Poles In 1500. the Grand Master of the Order triumphed over the Moscovites that had fallen upon Prussia and Lithuania In 1525. the Eastern part submitted to the Crown of Poland too Albert Marquess of Brandenburg the thirty fourth and last Master of that Order doing Homage and obtaining from that Crown the Eastern part with the Title of Duke of Prussia It stands now divided into two parts called the Regal and the Ducal Prussia in the first are Dantzick Marienburg Elbing and Thorn in the second are Koningsberg and Memel The Regal Prussia Dantzick excepted was yielded by a Treaty in 1655. to the Crown of Sweden The Ducal is under the Duke of Brandenburgh who farmes the Amber-Fishery along the Coast of the Baltick Sea in this Province at eighteen or twenty thousand Crowns a year Pruth Porata Hierasius a River of Moldavia which arising in Red Russia entereth Walachia and watereth Jaczy the Capital of that Province and at last falleth into the Danube Pruym or Prume Prumia a Castle Town and Monastery in Germany of the Order of S. Benedict in the Forest of Ardenne built by Pepin King of France in the year 760. It stands upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Saar betwixt the Electorate of Trier and the Dutchy of Luxemburgh seven Leagues to the North from Trier and six from Limburg to the South Lotharius the Emperour Son of Lewis the Debonnaire resigning the Imperial Dignity died a Monk in this Monastery in 855. In 1576. the Territory belonging to the Abbey which till then had been subject to the â—bot of this House only fell under the Elect of Trier whose Successors are ever since the pectual Administrators of this Jurisdiction confirm therein by the Diet at Ratisbone in 1654. which extends to some Villages about this Monastery Przemysl Premislia a City of the Kingdom of Poland upon the River san in Red Russia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lemburg and sixteen Polish Miles from Sandomir to the South and eighteen from Lemburg to the West It stands upon an Hill well peopled and in a flourishing state Psylli an ancient people of Libya in Africa described by Suetonius Herodotus Gellius c. to have had a particular art at expelling and mortifying of Poisons whence Augustus Caesar desiring to preserve Cleopatra for a Triumph caused these Psylli to suck the Poison out of her But too late Ptolemais See Aca. Ptolemais Cyrenaica one of the five Cities of the ancient Pentapolis in the Kingdom of Egypt which was a Bishops See of great note heretofore in the Person of Synesius its Bishop who in 411. assembled a Council at it for the excommunication of Andronicus Prefect of the Country The modern Name of it is Tolometa
Julian Aspes in the Vpper Carniola scarce three German Miles from Volzana to the North and flowing Eastward through Carniola watereth Craineburg where it is a considerable River though not far from its Head It watereth Labach Cilley and Raia Then entring Sclavonia which it divides from Croatia Bosnia and Servia and passing by Zagrab Graditzka Possega at four Hungarian Miles distance to the South to Belgrade it there falls into the Danube after a Course of about three hundred Miles as Dr. Brown saith it has several considerable Islands made by its Stream in some of which the Romans had considerable Towns particularly in Sisseck near Zagabria The Waters of the Danube appear white and troubled those of the Save on the contrary are black and more clear This and the Drave inclose between them that most fruitful Country called Sclavonia Saverne or Zabern Tabernae Alsatiae a Town in Alsatia called by the Germans Elsas Zabern and by the French Saverne under the Bishop of Strasburg and his usual Residence Antoninus mentions this Place in his Itinerary It is a strong and populous City had heretofore a very strong Castle which is now demolished and it is seated upon the River Sorr near the Borders of Lorain four Miles from Strasburg to the West and from Hagenaw towards Nancy The Lutherans were defeated before this Town in 1525. by Anthony Duke of Loraine It yields very good Wine § There is a second Saverne in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany upon the River Erlbach called by the Natives Berg Zabern to distinguish it from Rhein Zabern a Town in the same Province situated at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Erlbach Savigliano Savilianum a great Town in Piedmont upon the River Magra under the Duke of Savoy between Fossano to the East and Saluzzo to the West five Miles from either Savio Isapis Sapis a River of Italy which springeth out of the Apennine in the Florentine Romandiola twelve Miles from Sarsina and flowing through Romandia properly so called washeth Sarsina and Sesena and falls into the Adriatick Sea five Miles from Cervia to the West Sauldre Sodera a River of France mentioned by Venantius Fortunatus which ariseth in Berry and flowing through Sologne and Blaisois four Leagues beneath Romorentin falls into the Cher. Sault Saltus a Castle and a County in France The Castle is seated in the Borders of the Dauphine and Vendosmois seven Leagues from Carpentras to the East and four from Apte in Provence to the North from this Castle the adjacent Country is called the Comte de Sault Saumont Saluas Mons a Town in the Diocese of Paris in France Saumur Salmurium a City of France which has been called Truncum it is seated in Anjou upon the River Loyre over which it has a long Stone Bridge eight Leagues from Angiers to the East The Tuede a small River falls near it into the Loyre It is a pleasant City upon an Hill having a strong Castle and not built above six hundred years since This whilst the Protestant Religion was suffered in France was imployed by them as an University The Oratorians have now a College at it It has been anciently honoured with four or five Synods Taken from the Huguenots in 1684. An Image of the B. Virgin there now is said to do Miracles Sauna Sapina a River of Romandiola Saunoi Salonensis Ager a Territory between the Seile and the Nita in the Diocese of Metz in France Savolax Savolaxia a County in Sweden in Finland between Kekholm to the East and Tavasthia to the West Carelia to the South and Muscovy to the North in which there is no place of note Savona Savo Saona a City of Liguria called by the Inhabitants Sana by the Spaniards Saona It is seated in the States of Genoua and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan very populous defended by two strong Castles with five Gates and divers fine Churches the second City of note in the States of Genoua The Popes Gregory VII Julius II. and Sixtus IV. were all its Natives It had a very convenient Harbor which the Genouese have designedly ruin'd and stands in the Bay delle Spetie which makes the best Harbour in all the Mediterranean This Port of Savona was ruined by the States because the French demanded it to make it a Magazine for Salt Andrew Doria had before begun this Work by sinking two great Vessels in the Mouth of it loaded with Earth and since they have walled it up with Masons Work to make it for ever useless This City stands twenty five Miles from Genoua to the West and from Albenga to the East Savonnieres an ancient Town one League from Toul in Loraine where in the year 859. in the Reign of Charles the Bald K. of France and P. Nicholas I a Provincial Council was celebrated called by the name of Concilium ad Saponarias Saur Sura a Village and a River which falls into the Moselle See Sour Saura Isauria a City in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Iconium and stands in South Galathia near Psidia Saustia Sebastia an Episcopal City in Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia Long 67. 30. Lat. 42. 30. Savoy Allobroges Sapandia Sabaudia a celebrated Sovereign Dukedom in Europe called by the Natives Savoy by the Germans Saffoy by the Spaniards Saboya It was of old a part of Gallia Narbonensis and the North part of the Country possessed by the Allobroges on the North bounded by Vallais or Wallisserlandt Switzerland and Gex on the West by Beugey separated from it by the Rhosne on the South by Dauphine on the East by Piedmont and the Dukedom of Milan a part of it reaching beyond the Alpes The whole is covered by vast high Hills and Mountains and as it is thereby made healthful so it is generally barren the Valleys excepted There are some Mines in it and a great deal of game Divided ordinarily into six parts viz. Savoy properly so called Genevois Maurienne Tarantaise Fossigm and Chablais The Inhabitants are dull of apprehension and no great Soldiers the chief City Geneva is a Free State the best under the Duke of Savoy is Chambery or Cameraci The Conquest of this Country for the Romans was begun by Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus in the Year of Rome 631 one hundred and nineteen Years before the Birth of our Saviour Nero first made it a Roman Province At the fall of the Roman Empire it became a part of the Kingdom of Burgundy and under Rodolph the last King was united to Germany In the year 999 Berald of Saxony fled hither and settled whose Son Humbert was by Conradus Salicus made Earl of Maurence a Town in this Country in the year 1027. From this beginning by Conquests and Marriages this Family became so considerable that Sigismond the Emperour Created Amadee the eighth in the Line Duke of Savoy in the year 1397. or as others in the year 1416. Victor Amadee II. the present Duke of Savoy succeeded
a vast Arm of the Sea falls into the German Sea almost twenty English Miles North of St. Andrews Taygetus a Mountain of the Province of Laconia in the Peloponnesus consecrated in Pagan times to Castor and Pollux Standing in the neighbourhood of Sparta now Misitra and being broken once by an Earthquake it did much mischief to that City Tearus a River of Thrace salling into the Hebrus so admired by Darius the Son of Hystaspes for its Water according to Herodotus that he erected a Colom in its honor Teane a River in Staffordshire upon which Checkley is situated Tebesca an ancient City in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage Tech Ter Illybiris Thicis Tichis a small River in the County of Roussillon which springeth out of the Pyrenean Hills in the Borders of Cerdanna watereth Arles and Cerdanna then falls into the Mediterranean Sea twelve Miles from the Mouth of the Egli to the South Tectosagae an ancient People of Gallia Narbonensis whose Capital City was the modern Tolose They made an incursion into Germany and there established themselves near the Hyrcinian Forest Tedles Tedlesia a Province in the Kingdom of Morocco It s chief City is Tofza Tees Athesis Tuasis a River which parts England from Scotland It ariseth in Twedale therefore called the Tweed no less frequently and running Eastward and being augmented by the Cale at Rydam it becomes a boundary at Tiltmouth takes in the Bromyshe out of Northumberland and on the South side of Barwick entereth the German Ocean Teflis Artaxata Arxata Tephlis Zogocara the Capital City of Georgia in the Province of Carduel upon the River Khur or Cyrus Anciently one of the greatest Cities of the East but being taken and ill handled by the Turks it consists of very few Inhabitants under the King of Persia Baudrand Sir John Chardin who saw it some few years since contrariwise assures us it is one of the fairest though not the biggest Cities in Persia at the bottom of a Mountain upon the River Cur incompassed on all sides but the South where the River secureth it with a strong and beautiful Wall and has about fourteen Christian Churches served by Armenians and Georgians together with a large Castle guarded by Natural Persians only The Bishops See or Palace is near the Cathedral Church It has in the mean time not one Mosque except a small one lately built in the Castle because the Christians will not endure it and the Persians are too wise to exasperate their Frontier People who can with ease call in the Turks to revenge the Injuries of their Religion It is well Peopled full of Strangers who resort thither on the account of Trade Twice in the hands of the Turks in the Reigns of Ishmael II and Solyman his Son The latter took this and Tauris about 1548. The Persian Tables place it Long. 83. 00. Lat. 43. 05. The Congregation at Rome de propaganda fide keeping a Mission of Capuchins in Georgia who understand Physick and by that means render themselves very acceptable to the Country their Praefect resides here It is the Seat of the Viceroy of Georgia Tefza a City in the Province of Tedles in the Kingdom of Morocco built on an high Hill by the River Derna Tegan Teganum a City in the Province of Huquam in China The Capital over five Cities Tegaza a Desart in Nigritia in Africa Tegaea an antient City of Arcadia in the Peloponnesus which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth Tegeste a Peninsula in Florida in North America Tegorarin a City and Territory in Biledulgerid in Africa Teissa or Tiissa Tibiscus the Theysse a River of the Vpper Hungary which ariseth in the Carpathian Mountains and floweth through Transylvania hither to pay its Tribute to the Danube Segedin stands upon it The Hungarians use to say It is two parts Water and the third Fish Tejum an ancient City of Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia remarkable by being the Birth-place of Anacreon the Poet who died of a Grape-stone sticking in his Throat Telepte an Ancient City of the Province of Byzacena in the Kingdom of Tunis in Barbary It was a Bishops See particularly remarkable in the person of Donatus who in 418 celebrated a Council at it against the Pelagians Now in slavery to the Moors Telessia a City of the ancient Samnium in Italy now in the Province called Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples It became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento and was adorned with the Title of a Dukedom But since 1612 the See has been transserred from hence Telgen Telga a City in Sudermannia in Sweden four Miles from Stockholm to the North-West Temesen Temesena a Province in the Kingdom of Fez. Temeswaer Temesuaria a Town in the Vpper Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name A great and strong place seated upon the River Temes whence it has its Name five Leagues from Lippa towards the Borders of Transylvania and about ten from Belgrade The Turks twice attempted it before they took it in 1552 from the Transylvanians upon which they bestowed great costs in the fortifying of it and esteem it invincible as indeed it is the strongest Place they have left them The County of Temeswaer is bounded on the North by Chaunad and Transylvania on the West by the Tibiscus on the South by the Danube and on the East by Moldavia Temiam Temiamum a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Gangara on the West by that of Bito on the South by the River Niger and on the East by the Desart of Sert or Seu. The principal City of which is Temican Tempe a sweet Valley in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia watered by the River Peneo The Poets have rendered it famous to all Ages It lies betwixt the Mountains Olympus and Ossa And some place the ancient City Lycosthome in it which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa Temruck or Tomaruchi Tyrambe Tyrambis a City of Crim Tartary in Asia sixteen Miles from the Cimmerian Bosphorus to the East and ten from the Lake of Corocondam to the North. Tenbury a Market Town in Worcestershire upon the Edge of Shropshire and the Banks of the River Tent in the hundred of Doddington Tende Tenda a Town in the County of Nizza in the Appenine near the Borders of the States of Genoua eighteen Miles from Alba to the North and twenty five from Fossano South which has a Mountain near it called Le col de Tende and a very strong Castle This was a Sovereign State under Counts of its own but now subject to the Duke of Savoy Tenduc Tenducum a City and Kingdom of the Asian Tartary Bounded on the North by the Great Tartary on the East by Jupia on the West by the Kingdom of Tangut and on the South by China This Prince has within a little more than forty
years last past Conquered the Kingdom of China and is one of the greatest Princes in the World His Dominions extending from Cochin China to the River Obb North-West and South-East There is lately published a short Account of these Tartars in two Letters written by a Chinian Jesuit who travelled with this King into Tartary Tenedos a small Island of sixteen Miles in Compass five from the Shores of Asia twenty five from the Island Metelino to the North in the Archipelago and eighteen from the Dardanels to the South called by the Turks Bosh Adasi the Barren Island yet it affords excellent Muscadine Wine Plenty of Game and is well situated to bridle the Streights of Gallipoli It has a City two Castles and an Harbor for small Vessels and being taken by the Venetians with whom the Genouese disputed the possession of it a long time was betrayed to the Turks by their Governor In the time of Troy which stood within two Leagues of it this Island was consecrated to Apollo and the Graecian Navy seigning a Despair to take that City retired hither to disguise their design It became since Christianity a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mitelene The Promontorium Sigaeum or Cape Janizzari lies near it Teneriffa one of the Canary or Azores Islands in the Atlantick Ocean over against Mauritania in Barbary called by the Natives Theneriffe It is about forty eight Spanish Leagues in Circumference Fruitful populous rich and has been subject to the Spaniards ever since 1496. The Ancients called this Nivaria as is supposed because the top of its Point or Peak which is thought the highest in the World and very sharp is rarely without Snow This Peak is said to be fifteen Miles high and may be seen one hundred and twenty English Miles at Sea The principal Towns in it are Laguna and S. Croce To which belongs an excellent Haven Blake and English Admiral April 20 in 1657 notwithstanding a Castle seven Forts sixteen great Galeons all well man'd and provided with Cannon and Ammunition which threatned his inevitable Ruine entred this Harbor and in six hours time beat the Spaniards out of their Ships and Forts too He put the English in possession of the vast Treasure of a West India Fleet which they plundered and burnt all those Spanish Ships they found This Island is no less remarkable for having been made the first Meridian by many of the latter Geographers § The Spaniards have given the same Name to a Town in the Province called Terra firma in South America standing near the Confluence of the Rivers S. Magdalena and S. Martha Tenez a City and Kingdom towards the Coasts of the Mediterranean and West of the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary Tengchieu a City in the Province of Xantum in China which stands upon the Chiman Ocean on the Bay of Nanquin and is very strongly fortified Long. 149. 00. Lat. 37. 00. Teno Tenos Tine an Island in the Archipelago under the Venetians who have been Masters of it above these three hundred years It is a Latin Bishops See and but few Greeks live here In Pagan times it was famous for a Temple consecrated to Neptune It produceth Wine Figs and Silk Hath a Fortress and a City of its own Name Teno but Hydrusia and Ophiusa were the first and ancientest Names of this Island Tenterden a Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath. Tentyra an Island and City in the Nile in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Juvenal Teos an Ancient City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus Ter. See Tech. Teramo Aprutium a City of the Further Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See Terassa the same with Tarsus Terbestan the Caspian See Tercera Tertiaria or Tertia the principal of the Azores Islands twenty five Miles from East to West but not of equal breadth about sixteen Leagues in circuit surrounded with Rocks which render it difficult of Access It lies forty Leagues from Teneriffe to the East The chief City of this and all the Azores is Angara which is a Bishops See and with Fort San Felippe under the Portuguese From this Island the Azores are sometimes called the Tercera Isles It is much subject to Farthquakes and has a Fountain particularly remarkable for a virtue to petrifie Wood. Tergowisch See Targovisto Terki Terchium the principal City of Circassia in Asia in a well watered Plain about one German Mile from the Caspian Sea to the West sixty from Astracan to the South and thirty six from Derbent to the North-West Long. 76. 30. Lat. 45. 05. This City being some years since put into the hands of the Duke of Moscovy has of late been carefully fortified as a Frontier against the Persians on that side Olearius assures us it stands in Lat. 43. 23 in a Plain which bounds the sight upon the River Temenski which issueth out of the Lake of Bustro and facilitates the Correspondence between the Town and the Caspian Sea The Town is fortified with Rampiers and Bastions of Earth and has a Garrison of two thousand Russ paid by the Great Duke Terlee a famous Abbey for Women of the Order of S. Bernard in the State of Holland founded by the ancient Earls of Holland a League and a half off Leyden but broken and ruined since the Reformation there Termini or Termuli Termulae Buca a City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento and stands upon the Adriatick Sea at the Mouth of the River Tiferno in the Borders of the Hither Abruzzo thirty Miles from Lanciano to the East § Also a Town in the Island of Sicily upon a River of its own Name risen out of the Ruines of the ancient City Himera and called in Latin Writers Terminus Himeriorum The River Termine bad the same ancient Name with the City Terna Torna a River which runs through Artois and falls into the Canche at Hesdin Ternate Ternata the chief of the sive Molucco Islands Now in the Hands of the Hollanders tho it has a King of its own who resides in the Town of Malay the Dutch have some Ports in this Island to secure its Possession There are two ports belonging to it The Island Tider lies within one League of it Terni Interamna an ancient Latin Colony and a City of Ombra in the States of the Church in Italy which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope It stands in a Plain upon the River Nare twelve Miles from Spoleto to the South in the Road to Ancona and has many rare Antiquities to shew Ternois Ternensis Pagus a small Tract in Artois in the County of S. Paul which takes its Name from Terna Ternova Ternobum a City of Bulgaria mentioned by Gregoras and Calchondylas now the Residence of the Turkish Sangiack and anciently the Seat of the Despote It stands upon the River Jantra or Ischar near Mount
River Varo to the West made very conspicuous in the World by the Learned Writings of one of its late Bishops The Inscriptions about it prove its having been a Roman Colony It gives the Title of a Baron betwixt whom and the Bishop the temporal Jurisdiction of it is divided Long. 29. 15. Lat. 42.50 Vencheu a City in the Province of Chequin in China Vendosme Vindinum Vindocinum a City in the Province of la Beause in France upon the River Loyre nine Leagues from Chasteaudun to the West and Amboise to the North and seven from Blois This is the Capital of a Dukedom between la Perche to the North Blois to the East Touraine to the South and Mans to the West The Dukedom is given to the Younger Sons of the Crown of France very frequently It hath an ancient Castle a College of the Oratorians and some Religious Houses Vendres Rubensis Lacus a Lake in Languedoc in France Venice Venetia one of the noblest Cities and Free States of Italy called by the Inhabitants Venetia and Vinegia by the Poles Wenecya by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the French Venise by the Germans Venedig by the Georgians Venedich and by the Turks Venedick It is the Capital also of a mighty Common wealth and a Mart or Sea-Port as much frequented by the Merchants of all Nations as most other in the World Begun by the Inhabitants of Padoua about the year of Christ 421 upon the Rocks of the Adriatick Sea out of a terror of the Goths and other barbarous Nations which then like an impetuous and irresistible Torrent over run Italy The Senate of Padoua as Masters of the Islands of the Lagune to this purpose proclaimed by their three Consuls the ssame year Rialto a Port belonging to them there to be an Asylum for all that would retire to it Attila after this overthrowing and ruining Aquileja the Inhabitants of that City fled to Venice too in the year 453. Whereby both Rialto and the neighbouring Islands became Peopled receiving for their Governours Consuls or Tribunes which Cassiodorus calls Maritimorum Tribunos sent to them from the Senate of Padoua till in time every Island chose itself a particular Tribune yearly and every Tribune became in the nature of a petty Sovereign And thus for nigh the first three hundred years they were neither one and the same City or Republick but a consederation of many neighbouring Islands united together by common interest for their security against the Barbarians of Italy In the year 697 the Tribunes of the twelve principal Islands by permission from the Emperor as Sovereign of all the Country and the Pope which was procured to supersede the pretensions of Padoua to these Islands set up the first Duke and since that time this City hath encreased to that degree that it has filled all the seventy two Islands about it which as every Island anciently had its separate Pastor as well as Tribune are become so many Parishes each having its peculiar Church From the year 697. to 1172. or 1177. the Dukes or Doges governed with an absolute authority and caused their Brothers or Children to be elected oftentimes their Colleagues and their Successors The third Doge was assassinated by the People for his Tyranny whereupon ensued an Interregnum of five years in which the State was committed to certain Officers every new year changed and elected Then they desired to have a Doge again And from 697. to 1177. they had about thirty four or thirty six Sovereign Doges In 1172. the Election of the Doge by the voices of all the People was abolished and a Sovereign independent Counsel appointed for that use consisting of two hundred and forty Citizens chosen indifferently out of the Gentry Citizens and Artizâ—ns But withal they Created twelve Tribunes with power to oppose the Doges Ordinances in case they appeared unjust This foâ—m of Government continued one hundred and eleven years And in 1280. the Council was fixed upon a number of certain Families and their descendents expressed in publick Register with an utter exclusion of other Persons and Families of all States and Qualities whatsoever Which last form time hath improved with many additions The Sword is now carried not before but behind the Doge and the publick Coins represent him in Ducal Habits upon his Knees before S. Mark who is the Symbol of the Republick two no small intimations of his inferiority to it It is lawful for the Senate to depose him otherwise his Dignity is for life in case of extreme old age and sickness rendring him uncapable of business as they did Francisco Foscarini at the age of 84. after his Dogate had been always happy to them The Families of the twelve Tribunes who set up the first Doge in 697 are all preserved to this day and obtain the first rank in the Venetian Nobility with the Title of the twelve Electoral Houses Most of the Princes of Italy and not them only but Hen. III. and Henry le Grand Kings of France have desired to be received into the Body of the Nobility of this State For which others who purchase their Nobility ordinarily pay one hundred thousand Duckats In the year 1177. the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and Pope Alexander III. were reconciled in a Council here but the common story of the Pope's putting his foot upon the Emperor's Neck is rejected and refuted by Baronius In the year 1451 the Bishop of this City had the Title of a Patriarch given him who writes Divina Miseratione Venetiarum Patriarcha without the addition of Sanctae sedis Apostolicae gratia and is nominated by the Senate Aquitela is another Patriarchate within the Dominions of this State who though that City belongs to the House of Austria find means to keep the Patriarchate constantly full against the interposition of any Person by the Emperour The Body of S. Mark brought hither from Alexandria is said to be preserv'd in the NOble Church of his name in this City Here are accounted one hundred and forty Palaces one hundred and thirty Monasteries for Men and Women one hundred and sixty five Marble Statues twenty five brass sixty seven Parishes eighteen Hospitals and innumerable other Testimonies of Riches and Grandeur The several Islands are said to be joyned together by five hundred Bridges the greatest of which called il ponte di Rio Alto was built of Istrian Stone in 1591. The Arsenal for their Gallies is the most celebrated and their Harbor the most large and safe in the World This City is the Mistress and Sovereign of the Adriatick Sea once the Mistress of the Morea Cyprus Candy the Negropont almost all the Islands of the Archipelago up to Constantinople Thessalonica most of the other Sea-Port Towns of Greece Smyrna and many others in Asia which have been ravished from her by the prevailing fortunes of the Ottoman House She is now no less gloriously strugling to regain what she dearly sold if the Turk had
and in 1546. kept in it a Chapter of the Order of the Golden Fleece It had then 4 Collegiate Churches divers Abbeys and Ecclesiastical Houses But in 1577. they with the rest of Holland revolted from the Spaniards In 1559. it had been advanced to an Archbishoprick by Pope Paul IV. and nine Suffragan Bishops assigned to this See which was one of the occasions of the Revolt In 1636. it was made an University and in 1672. it fell for a short time into the hands of the French but is since returned to its former liberty the Learned Dr. Brown has given a short account of the present State of this City in his Travels Pag. 101. Long. 26. 26. Lat. 52. 10. The State of Vtretcht Sticht van Utretcht is the fifth of the Vnited Provinces Bounded South West and North with Holland and on the East by Guelderland Besides its Capital it has Wick the Seat of the Bishops Duerstede Rhenen Amersford and Monfort which are fortified strong places and about sixty great Villages Uulxin the same with Veuxin Uxbridge a large Market Town in the Coun. of Middlesex in the Hundr of Elt horn upon the River Coln Uzerche Vsarcha Vsarchia a Town in the Lower Limosin in Aquitain in France upon the River Vezere adorned with an Abbey and a Castle The Abbot is Lord of the Town Uzes Vcetia Vtica Vzetia Castrum Vseticense a City of the Lower Languedoc in France upon the River Eisent which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbonne and honored with the Title of a Dukedom by King Charles VI. after it had born the Titles first of both a Barony and a Viscounty The Bishop enjoys the Honor to be a Count and joynt Lord of the place with the King Therefore it hath three Castles for the King the Duke and the Bishop A rich populous and well traded City John de S. Gelais its Bishop in the last Age embraced the Reformed Religion and married an Abbess 't is said he abjured it again before his death and was buried in the Abbey of S. Maixant In 1635. there was a Synod held here It stands 3 Leagues from Nismes to the North and 6 from Avignon to the West Long. 25. 10. Lat. 43. 36. Vzeste a Castle in the Territory of Bazadois in Guyenne in France betwixt Bourdeaux and Bazas Remarkable for the Tomb of Pope Clement V. sometime Archbishop of Bourdeaux who was born at Villandrand a Village one League from this Castle died at the Castle of Roque-Maure two Leagues from Avignon in 1314 and was interred here in 1316. WA WAad Vaudum a Territory in Switzerland called by the French Le Pais de Vaud which was a part of the Dutchy of Savoy till 1536. and now subject to the Canton of Berne It is bounded on the South by the Lake of Lemane on the West by Gex and the Franche Comte on the East by Berne on the North in part by Berne and in part by Friburgh The Capital of it is Lausanne The other good Towns are Avenches or W 〈…〉 purg Yverdon Mouldon and Nyon It is sometimes written Vault Wadstein a Town in the Province of Ostrogothia in Sweden Die Wael Helium Vahalis Vacalos the middle Branch of the Rhine which divides from it at Schencken a Fort beneath Emmeren and watering Nimmeguen Tiel and Bommel falls into the Maes above Gorcum a City of Holland Waga Vagus a River in Scandia Wageren Wagria or Wagerlandt a small Territory in Holland towards the Baltick Sea between Lubeck to the South and Kâ—el to the North. The Cities of it are Lubeck Oldesto Pâ—oen Segeberg and Oldenburg which are divided between the King of Denmark the Dukes of Holstein and the Bishop of Lubeck Wainfleet or Waynfleet a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the division of Lindsey and the Hundred of Chandleshow upon a Wash in a fenny gound which empties it self into the Sea not far from hence Made famous by giving Name and Birth to William of Waynfleet Bishop of Winchester the Founder of Magdalen College in Oxon and of a Free-School in this Town Wakefield a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Agbridge upon the River Calder here covered with a fair Stone Bridge which King Edward IV. adorned with a â—â—â—ely Chappel It is a large Town well built of Stone of good Antiquity and drives the Cloathing Trade Walachia Valachia a considerable Province of the Kingdom of Hungary called by the Germans Walachey by the Turks Iâ—â—akia and by the Poles Wolochy It is a part of the antient Dacia and stands now divided into the Provinces of Walachia and Moldavia of the latter I have spoken in its proper place The former is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Poland and Red-Russia on the East by Bessarabia on the South by Bulgaria separated from it by the Danube and by Moldavia which last also bounds it to the West It is much less than the Maps commonly make it also commonly misplaced and set where Moldavia should stand The History of it is delivered in Moldavia To which I shall only add here that after Mahomet IV. Emperor of the Turks was deposed and Solyman his Brother set up in his stead and that the Duke of Lorain had seized Transylvania the Prince and States of Walachia in 1687. and 88. rendered themselves under the Emperor's Protection upon condition That the Succession in the Government of that Principality shall be continued to the Heirs Male of the present Prince and the States be preserved in the Possession of their just Rights and Privileges paying to the Emperor the Annual Tribute of 50000 Crowns This Country extends from East to West 90 French Leagues from North to South 50 in form Triangular The Plains would be very fruitful if they were well cultivated but being little peopled much ravaged by the Turks and Tartars and lying in common they are over-run with Weeds for here is little or no Wood. The Mountains have rich Mines but they are as much neglected their Religion is that of the Greek Church The present Valvode is Matthis George Gista set up in 1658. by the late Sultan of the Turks Walcheten Valacria one of the Islands at the Mouth of the Schelde which compose the Province of Zeland in the Vnited Netherlands It s Capital City is Middleburgh New Walcheren the same with Tabago Waldeck Valdecum a County in Hassia between Westphalia to the West Hassia to the East and South and Paderborne to the North under a Count of its own yielding Wine Corn and several sorts of Mines The principal places in it are Curback and Waldeck which last stands upon the Eder 5 German Miles from Cassel to the West and 7 from Marpurg to the North. Walden a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Vttlesford upon an Eminence likewise called Saffron-Walden from its situation amongst pleasant and profitable Fields of Saffron Walderswick a Sea Town in the County of Saffolk and
of its Bishops who died in 1617. The Capital of a great Territory and Diocese belonging to its Bishop who is a rich and potent Prelate and a Duke of Franconia since the times of Charles the Great in token whereof his Grand Mareschal always assists with a Sword of State at his Master's Mass His Diocese extending from North to South fifteen German Miles and besides this City containing Ochsenfurt Gemund and Koningshoven This City is fifteen Miles from Francfort and nineteen from Mentz to the East The Italians call it Herbipoli It is built in a fruitful Plain incompassed with Hills filled with Vineyards pleasant Gardens and flowry Meadows It has a Stone Bridge over the River The Territory was granted to this See by Charles the Great Long. 31. 50. Lat. 49. 44. Wurzen a Town in the Vpper Saxony in Germany in the Province of Misnia upon the River Muldaw two miles from Leipsick to the East Under the Bishop of Meissen but now in the hands of the Elector of Saxony as Administrator of that Bishoprick It belonged heretofore to the Counts of its own Name Wye Vaga a River in South Wales which falls into the Severn at Chepstow in Monmouthshire § Also a Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath. X A. XA the same with Geichon Xacca See Sacca Xagua a Bay upon the Southern Coast of the Island of Cuba in America containing above six Leagues in Circuit with a small Island in the middle which affords excellent Water It is entered by a deep Canal which is made naturally safe by Rocks on each side about a Cannon shot in length and narrow The French call it le Grand Port as being one of the best and most commodious in America Xalisco Xalisca a Province of New Spain in America the same with that the Spaniards call New Galicia Xalon Salo a River of Spain which ariseth in old Castile and watering Medina celi entreth Arragon in which Kingdom it takes in the Maungles Xiloa Deca and Hyvela and watering Huerta Calataiud Riela and Placenza falls into the Ebro four Leagues above Sarragoza Xansi Xansia a Province in the North of China which is the second of that Kingdom Bounded on the North by that famous Wall which parts China from Tartary on the East by Pekim on the West by Xensi and on the South by Honan The Capital of it is Taiyven It contains five great Cities one hundred and ninety two small and five hundred eighty nine thousand six hundred fifty nine Families Xanthi an Ancient valiant People of Asia mentioned by Herodotus who being reduced to the last Extremity in a siege by Harpagus Cyrus's General fired their Cittadel with their Wives Servants Goods c. enclosed and exposed themselves to present Death rather than Captivity upon the Swords of the Enemy Xanto Xanthus the same with Scamandro Xantoigne See Saintonge Xantum Xantonia Xantung a Province on the North of China Bounded on the North and East by the Bay of Nanchim on the West by Pekim and on the South by Nankim the Capital of it is Cinan It contains six great ninety two small Cities seven hundred seventy thousand five hundred and fifty five Families and is one of the most fruitful Provinces in that vast Kingdom Xaocheu Xaocheum a City in the Province of Quantum in China Xaoching Xaochinga a City in the Province of Chekiam in China upon the River Chey Xaoun Xaoum a City in the Province of Fokien in China upon the River Zuyen The Capital over three other Cities Xativa Setebis Xativa a small City in the Kingdom of Valentia called by the French Chativa Seven Miles from Valentia to the South and two beyond the Xucar to the same Quarter Xauxa a vast River in Peru in America called also el Rio Maragnon it ariseth out of the Lake Chincacocha one hundred and twenty Miles from Lima to the North. And falls into the River of Amazons Xecien Xecienum a City in the Province of Queichieu in China Xeuil Singilis a River of Spain which ariseth in the Kingdom of Granada and watering Loxa entereth Andalusia falls into the Quadalquiver beneath Cordova eight Leagues to the West Xenfi Xensia a Province in the North of China Bounded on the North by Tartary the Chinian Wall and the River Croceus on the East by Xansi on the South by Suchen and on the West by the Kingdom of Thibet The Capital of it is Sigan It contains eight great and one hundred and seven small Cities nineteen Castles and three hundred thirty one thousand and fifty one Families Xeres de la Frontera Asta Regâ—â— Asiâ—a Ceâ—areana Xera a City in the Kingdom of Andâ—lâ—â—â—a in Spain of great Circuit planted in a fruitful Country yet not much peopled Near this City was the last Battel fought between Roderick the last Gothish King of Spain and the Moors November 11 in the year 71â— the loss of it put the Infidels in possession of Spain Which they kept till the year 1462 when they were finally subdued It stands upon a small River four Miles from the Quadalquir to the East something less from the Bay of Cadiz North and about seven from the City of Cadi Xeres de Guadiana a small City in the Kingdom of Andalusia upon the Guadiana seven Miles from its Mouth North. Xeres de Bedaiox or Los Cavalleros a small City in the Kingdom of Leon in Extremadura It lies seven Miles from Badajox to the South twelve from Marida to the South-West and twenty from Sevil to the North-VVest There is also a Town in New Spain of this Name Xerte Xerta a River in the Kingdom of Leon in the Province of Extremadura which watereth Placentia then falls into the River Alagon which falls into the Tajo above Alcantara This River is not expressed in the later Maps Xicli Motichanus a River of Sicily which falls into the Sea on the South side of that Island near a Town of that Name in Valle di Noto Xicoco an Island of Japan represented to contain four Kingdoms Xilaon a small River of Algarve in Spain which falls into the Atlantick Ocean at Tavira a City of that Province Xiloca Bilbilis a River of Spain in the Kingdom of Arragon which watereth Daroca and then falls into the Xalon against Calataiud Ximo one of the three principal Islands of Japan represented to contain nine Kingdoms Nangazachi Arima and Bungo are some of the considerable Cities in it Xincheu Xincheum a City of the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China Xiria Pholoe a Mountain of Arcadia in the Morea Xca or Xaoa a Kingdom in Aethiopia near the Fountains of the Nile towards Zanguebar part of which is under the Abissines and the rest ravished from them by the Gala's a barbarous Neighbour Nation Xucar Sucro a River of Spain which springs out of the same Mountain with the Tajo in the Borders of Arragon and running South watereth Cuenca Alarcon and receiving the Gabriel Algarra and Suls falls
in 1452. when the Emperor Frederick III. in favour of Borso d'Este first erected this State into a Dukedom Tho this Family is the same with that of Brunswick in Germany said to be eight hundred years old yet the noblest Branch it ever produced is Mary Queen Consort to King James II. This Country is much celebrated for its great fertility Modica Motuca an ancient City of Sicily upon a River of the same name ten Miles from Pachino the most South-East Cape of that Island and five from the Southern Shoar It is now in a flourishing State Modin an ancient Town of Palestine upon a Hill betwixt Emaus and Rhama famous for being the Country of the Heroical Macchabees Modon Methone a City of the Morea on the Southern Shoar in the Province of Belvedore called Messenia by Strabo Pliny and others by the Venetians Modon by the Turks Mutune It is now a fine strong City a frequented Port and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Patras has a strong Castle a large and safe Haven about eleven English Miles from Navarino to the South twenty five from Coron to the West and sixty two from Cape Matapan to the same quarter Seated in a fruitful and delightful Country strong by Nature and Art and is the common Residence of the Sangiac of the Morea In the times of Trajan it suffered very much by a parcel of Illyrian Barbarians who surprized and slew many of its Inhabitants which loss that generous Prince repaired by his Princely Compassion and advantageous Privileges granted to it In 1208. the Genouese ravished it from the Venetians but did not hold it long In 1124. it came first into the hands of the Venetians but was taken from them the year following by the Greek Emperor In 1204. the Venetians retook it Bajazet II. in 1498. besieged it with an Army of an hundred and fifty thousand Men and took it by a kind of surprize after a stout defence upon the arrival of a considerable Succour which drew the Inhabitants from their Posts to their ruin In 1659. Morosini the Venetian General took it and might have taken Coron too if he had not been forced to Sail away to the Dardanells for the security of Candy The Turks regained this Place in the end of the Candian War But in 1686. the Venetian Arms again prevailed to deliver this noble and strong City out of the Hands of the Infidels They found in it ninety nine pieces of Canon Modruch Modrusa a City in Croatia eighteen Miles from Zeng or Segna to the North and eight from Carlstat to the South-West Once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Zara in Dalmatia Moen or Mone an Island in the Baltick belonging to Denmark and not far from Zeland Having in it a Town called Stege or Stoke Moers See Muers Moeris a Lake in the Kingdom of Egypt seventy two Miles from the ancient Memphis to the West said by Mela to be twenty Miles in circumference Here stood the Labyrinth so famous in Antiquity by the descriptions that are given of it in Pliny Herodotus and Strabo It contained sixteen or thirty some say several principal quarters of Apartments full of the Statues of the Gods and Kings of Egypt together with such numbers of Palaces Temples Pyramids Galleries c. Contrived one about and within another that it required the help of a thread to walk forth Travellers report there are yet to be seen three hundred and fifty Chambers in the fashion of a Labyrinth in the same place and that it is now called Castro Caron Moesel Mosella a River in the Dukedom of Lorain called by the French la Moselle by the Germans Das Moesel it ariseth from Mount Vauge a little above the Village of Bussans in the Confines of Alsatia and the Franche Comte and flowing Northward through Lorain watereth Toul beneath which it takes in the Murthe from Nancy so goes to Metz where it takes in the Seylle another great River from the East so passeth Thionvillein and Luxemburgh to Trier or Trevès above which it takes in the Sar and at Coblentz falls into the Rhine Moesia a Province of the ancient Illyricum betwixt Macedonia Thracia and Dacia called by the Romans for its fertility the Granary of Ceres It was divided into the Vpper and Lower Moesia The first is the same now with the modern Servia the other with Bulgaria Moghali Emodus a vast Branch of Mount Taurus in Asia which separates India from Tartary called by others Dalanguer See Taurus and Dalanguer The Empire of the Great Mogul See Indostan Mohacz Mohatz a Town in the Lower Hungary upon the Danube between the River Sarwiza to the North and the Drave to the South four German Miles from either six from Esseck to the North and nine from Colocza to the South This otherwise small Place is memorable for two great Battels here fought the first between Lewis King of Hungary and Solyman the Magnificent in 1526 in which that unfortunate Prince Lewis being about twenty years old with twenty five thousand Men fought three hundred thousand Turks when being over-powered by number twenty two thousand of the Christian Army were slain upon the place five thousand Wagons eighty great Cannon six hundred small ones with all their Tents and Baggage were taken by the Victors and the King in his flight over the Brook Curass feil into a Quagmire and was swallowed up after which Solyman took and slew two hundred thousand Hungarians and got such a footing in this Kingdom that he could never be expelled This fatal Battel was fought October 29. The second in some part retrieves the Loss and Infamy of the former The Duke of Lorain being sent by the Emperor with express Orders to pass the Drave and take Esseck his Highness July 10. 1687. with great difficulty passed that River then extremely swelled with continued Rains but finding the Prime Visier Encamped at Esseck with an Army of an hundred thousand Men so strongly that it was not possible to Attack him in that Post without the ruin of the Christian Army he retreated and repassed the 23 of the same Month whereupon the 29 the Prime Visier passed that River at Esseck and upon August 12. there followed a bloody Fight in which the Turks lost an hundred pieces of Cannon twelve Mortars all their Ammunition Provisions Tents Baggage and Treasure and about eight thousand Men upon the place of Battel besides what were drowned in passing the River which could never be known after which Victory General Dunewalt September 30. found Esseck totally deserted by the Turks and took Possession of it Mohilow Mohilovia a City of Poland in the Province of Lithuania upon the River Nieper in the Palatinate of Witebsko ten Polish Miles from Orsa to the South twenty two from Smolensco to the North-West and eighteen from Mâ—islaw to the West It is seated on a Hill well fortified full of Inhabitants the Russ in 1654. took it but the Poles in 1656. regained