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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	court_n	lady_n	queen_n	1,212	5	8.9992	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40887	The Portugues Asia, or, The history of the discovery and conquest of India by the Portugues containing all their discoveries from the coast of Africk, to the farthest parts of China and Japan, all their battels by sea and land, sieges and other memorable actions, a description of those countries, and many particulars of the religion, government and customs of the natives, &c. : in three tomes / written in Spanish by Manuel de Faria y Sousa ... ; translated into English by Cap. John Stevens.; Asia Portuguesa. English	Faria e Sousa, Manuel de, 1590-1649.; Stevens, John, d. 1726.	1695 (1695)	Wing F428; ESTC R2613	684,223	1,508

Cloaths only instead of a Cap they wear a small Crown which holds the knot of their Hair at the top They own one great God and others lesser but all Corporeal allow of Heaven and Hell the Felicity with the body and even in this World they feign that through certain excercises Men become young again they say and believe any thing that comes into their fancy they have Musick and good Instruments and are therefore called to Funerals and Sacrifices they pretend to Sorcery and promise Rain which always fails to their shame 11. They also pretend to lay Devils that haunt Houses and are as successful as in the other their chief study is a quiet and long Life but more for the long which they endeavour to purchase at any rate 12. The third Sect as its Author is called Xaca he is said to be son of Maga and a dream for that she dreamed she conceived looking upon a white Elephant was delivered of him through her side and died immediatly Xaca did pennance for this misfortune on the snowy Mountain and had there in 12 Years 4 Masters became learned in the Science of the first causes and had many Disciples who spread his Sect through all Asia This Doctrine was brought into China about the Year of Grace 63 at the instance of the Emperor Hamin the followers of this Opinion once amounted to three Millions now they are but few 13. Their Priests wear neither Hair nor beard adore Idols believe there is Reward and punishment in the next Life and live in community 500 together they are called to Sacrifices and Burials and wear a sort of Copes Eat no Flesh Fish Eggs nor drink Wine have large inclosures in Villages and live under a superior others live in Caves Dens and on Rocks some do most rigid pennance Some lock themselves in narrow Houses or rather boxes of Wood full of spikes the points inward and live in these a Month without being able to lean for the spikes or Eating only Drinking Cha. But others affirm they go in provided with lumps of Beef hard baked which they dissolve in that hot liquor there is another sort called Vagabonds that are generally villanous fellows guilty of all crimes especially Robberies There are also Nuns of these Orders their Heads shorn they are but few and not enclosed 14. They believe the transmigration of Souls that they descend and pass through nine Hells then return to be Men at best or else beasts like Men or what is worst of all Birds The wisest of them direct all their study toward the Prima causa after the last death they believe there is neither reward nor punishment 15. Of Transmigration they believe if a Man was courteous he becomes Man again if subject to passion a Lion if cruel a Tiger if unchast a Hog and if given to stealing a Bird of Prey From these proceed many other Sects it is a Proverb of these three Sects that the Lawyers govern the Kingdom the Taucus the Body and the Bonzot the Heart 16. In their Sacrifices are offered a beast like a Goat Swine Oxen Cocks and Hens all sorts of Fish chiefly the Barble Rice Grain and Wine If the King sacrifice the offering is divided among Mandarines if great Men among their Relations if ordinary People they Eat it among them All other things offered are burnt as Silk leaves of Gold and Silver cut Paper Candles Perfumes c. there are no Priests appointed for this every one does it for himself 17. The Chineses are great admirers of virtue and have a sort of Commandments written in their Houses much of the same nature as ours There are strangers in China who differ in point of belief but not considerable We have already mentioned those barbarous Inhabitants of a part of the Island Hainan and others in the Mountains of Quantung Hucheu and Quiangsi these follow the Opinions of the rest of the Kingdom In the Province of Yunnan there is a large tract of Land inhabited by a People differing in language and customs having a King of their own but tributary to China In some parts there are Mahometans who have their Mosques but ill observe their law Tney marry their Sons ro Chinese Women but the Daughters only marry among themselves because Women follow the opinion of the Husbands and these never change Their first coming into China was about 800 Years since being called in by a King to assist him in his Wars and having served well such as would were allowed to ●…le there There are Jews in the Province of Honan and in the Metropolis of it Caifumfu they have a neat Synagogue which shall be described hereafter For want of Priests they are become very ignorant In their law and many be●… Mahometans and Pagans CHAP. XVII Of the Original of the Kingdom of China the Pallace and Government of it 1. THere is no certain account of the Original of this Kingdom though their Histories begin at the Universal flood The first three Kings are esteemed Saints since that time the succession has been in 22 families this now reigning has continued 300 Years the first of it did all that was possible to secure his line he abolished all Royalties forbid under severe Penalties any of the blood Royal to have any hand in Government and gave all the power to Lawyers who were to attain it by learning and virtue the Monarchy continues as he left it 2. They reckon Years from the beginning of the last Reign the first actions of it are coining of Money Crowning of the Queen giving her and the Concubines names offering great Sacrifices giving Alms treating Magistrates setting open Prisons turning the Ladies out of the Court taking in new ones all the states acknowledging the King giving him a new name He is stiled Emperor the Courtiers call him Son of Heaven and pay him a respect more than Human 3. The reason the Ladies are turned out of Court is because many are old and the deceased may have had to do with the young and therefore the successor must not venture coming where he has been beautiful Maids are sought for this purpose all over the Kingdom and the Fathers strive to marry them off that they may not be carryed to Court 4. The Women turned out are all sold at the Pallace Ga●… to the best bidders who take them for 〈◊〉 none but mean People buy them their Faces and hands are covered and the buyer sees them not till he carries them home and takes them for better for worse 5. There are about 3000 of these Women who live in four Pallaces one King tired with choosing was drawn in a Chariot by Goats and wherever they stopped he took up another chose by the Pictures of the beautifullest 6. Formerly the Kings were more familiar with their subjects and visited the Kingdom giving publick Audience this custom decayed by degrees and the common way of doing business is by petition but still the King gives

some publick Audiences Monthly and at the four seasons of the Year goes to sacrifice in a Temple without the City 7. The first that introduced this retirement was Vamlie Grand-father to him now reigning he did it because he was very gross and would not lessen the Royal Majesty since his time they are not so often seen as formerly The Temple the King goes to at Peking is round all of Marble and a beautiful structure that of Nanking is long and has five Isles born up by many columns all plain except the Pedestals to show the rarity of them for that being many in numbers very high and thick and all exactly alike each is made of one Tree To these Temples there are many Gates adorned with gilded Iron in them many Altars with Images of the Sun Moon Planets Spirits Mountains Rivers and other things to signify he to whom they sacrifice there is Lord of all All the rest of the Year besides the times of these sacrifices and audiences the King continues in his Pallace and is seen by none but particular persons 8. Some will judge the Kings of China live a confined Life but their Pallace is a City consisting of many Pallaces Orchards and Gardens inclosed within a wall of a vast circumference there is one Pallace for the King Queen and small Children another for the Queen-Mother another for the Sons that are marryed another for the Queens four for the Ladies another called the cold Pallace for the old Men Apartments for Eunuchs Servants Mathematicians and Priests an infinite number of Courts or Cloisters and lesser Apartments for all that live within which are above 17000. 9. The structure of the Pallace is sumptuous much after our manner adorned with curious Carving Painting and Gilding A River runs through the Gardens which are adorned with artificial Mounts and they covered with delightful variety of birds and beasts All is encompassed by two walls distant from each other the circumference is about 4 Miles that of Nanking about five there are 4 Gates that look to the four quarters of the World and have strong guards of Elephants and Soldiers of these 3000 always do duty in one of the Courts 10. Next to the Empress are six Queens who upon publick occasions sit on as many Chairs somewhat below the two Imperial Thrones then there are 30 that have particular honours allowed them the last in degree are the Ladies If the Empress has a Son he takes place of all others if not the eldest of any of these Women there are 12000 Eunuchs with their proper Officers The President who answers our Secretary of State may come to the King without asking leave another who is supream Judge of the Eunuchs is also Captain of the guard of 3000 Horse and 6000 Foot the Eunuchs have all the best Employments and are for the most part marryed 11. In the Court most go on Horseback few in Chairs except the great Eunuchs The Father of the King now reigning had a most insolent favourite Eunuch upon the Kings death he kill'd himself but was drag'd and torn to pieces by the rabble and the King seized his vast Treasure Many Fathers geld their Sons to make them capable of this sort of preferment 12. No Criminal can escape Justice in this vast Empire their submission to the King is worthy Admiration every Body speaks to him on their Knees with the Ivory already mentioned before their Mouths The King's Garments differ not from those of the Subjects in form but in the costliness and being embroidered with Dragons which none can wear but he his Wives and the Royal Family It is not easie to know the real value of the King's Revenue but it is reckoned above One hundred and fifty Millions of Ducats yearly Fifty-five are for the King's Expence the Ninety-five for his Ministers Examinations Works and Presents CHAP. XVIII Of the Royal Marriages Nobility Counsels and Government of China in Peace and War 1. WHEN there were many Kings in China they married into those Royal Families Now there is but one and he is forbid by Law marrying out of the Kingdom he must of necessity marry a Subject The Great Men will not give the King their Daughters because they must be first searched even in those Parts none but a Husband may see and if not liked they are sent back Therefore in the Choice they have no regard to Birth but Youth Beauty good Inclinations and Parts 2 Such a one being found two old Women strip her stark naked and axamine as well inward as outwardly the Parts not to be named then put her into a heat to discover whether her Sweat be offensive All things answering expectation she is carried to Court in State and there instructed in such manner as she may deserve to be called Mother of the Kingdom for that is the Stile they give their Queens Some of them have proved incomparable 3. No such care is taken in marrying the Princes The P●…incesses chuse one of Twelve Young Men o●… Eighteen Years of Age placed so as they may be seen without seeing the Princesses But the Husbands are treated ●…o impertinently by the Princesses that th●… Nobility avoid them so that commonly their Husbands are no better born than the Kings Wives 4. The Nobility were of another Nature when there were Titles and Lordships Now all depends upon Learning which makes any Mechanick a Gentleman the want of it renders a Gentleman base This is the reason their Nobility is not of long standing for the Sons of Learned Men being left rich do not study and consequently have no Employments and the Family perishes Yet they have five sorts of Nobility First the Blood-royal thus preserved the Prince inherits the Crown the other Sons live in other Cities with Titles but must not stir thence Their eldest Sons succeed them the others marry the best they can and so their Children as long as the Family lasts The Daughters not looked upon in case of Inheritance marry with Gentlemen The second sort consist of those who have Titles but no Dominions and are inferior to some Magistrates The third the Magistrates The fourth the Students who aim at Degrees The fifth those who live upon their Estates or Merchandice who if not very rich are looked upon no better than the Commonalty 5. The Government is in the Hands of six Councils so highly respected it is scarce credible Each of them has a President and two Assessors this is the next Dignity to that of the Colaos So that a Viceroy of a Province is happy if after his Government expires he reaches to be one of those Assessors Many more Officers belong to each of these Courts the first is answerable to our Counsel of State the second to that of War the third is of Ceremonies the fourth of the Revenue the fifth of the publick Works the sixth of Criminal Causes There are also nine other Courts the first like our Chancery the second the high

transparent From letters they proceed to composition such as are approved of are Printed every 3 Years and learners study them There are no Universities every Master reaches all that is requisite for a man to know as well in learning as manners and behaviour The Disciples of quality never go any where without the Master there are many Schools for the common sort but no Master can take more Schollars than he can teach himself for he is not to trust to another Their Days of recreation are the first 15 in the Year and some others but few in the 5th and 7th Moon The Masters that serve in great Houses Eat at their patrons Table 2. They have large and stately Halls richly adorned where they examine students whereof there are great numbers in every City and Town but chiefly in the Metropolis of Provinces where they take their Degrees These buildings for the most part are all of the same form some bigger than others but all large the greatest of our Pallaces is not equal to the least of them in every one is an infinite number of little rooms where such as are to be examined compose each by himself with a Soldier to attend him that the more learned may not help the ignorant The Hall of Quantung which is the least has 6000 of these Cels and the number of students is greater 3. There attend all the time of the examination Prefidents Magistrates Examiners Clerks and all sorts of Trades and all that are there are maintained ind yet and lodging the whole time upon the publick charge The Order and disposition of all things is much to be admired formerly Gentlemen were not admitted to take any degree because not imployed in the Government but they perceiving that only the learned rose obtained though with difficulty to be admitted to both such as are any way infamous cannot take a degree The degrees are 3 answerable to o●… of Batchelor Master of Arts and Doctor the Chancellor goes about the Town●…●…d Cities to examine the first the second is done in the Metropolis of each Province once in 3 Years in each of these Acts there are above 7000 students and above 1500 take the degree of Master of Arts. The Doctors are only made at Court on a sudden a Bricklayer or Taylor is set up in state the marks of this dignity are given them and are a Cap Gown Tassels and Boots all put on with much Ceremony The King defrays the whole charge and every one that takes this degree stands him in 1000 Ducats 4. Of those that go to the Court to take their degree 350 are admitted to that of Doctors the marks of that honour except the Boots which are the same in all differ very much in the value besides those mentioned they have a girdle they wear them all in the employments they get and the last is still richer as they ●…e preferred There is another examination at which the King used to be present now a Colao supplies his place after it they go to salute the King who is on his Throne and gives with his own hand a premium to each of the three first presented the first of the 3 is superior over all the others and has a particular name as has the second and third this is so great an honour that soon after the whole Kingdom knows them by those names and their degree of honour is equal to our Dukes Out of the 350 are chosen 25 who have Pallaces assigned them and are subject to the Colao that is president of the great College of him they learn the speculative part of Government Hence they are preferred to employments superior to Viceroy ships only such as are of that College are admitted to the supream dignity of Colao when one of these 25 Doctors is made a Mandarin especially if he be one of the three presented by the King there is erected to him in his own Country a triumphal Arch all of Marble and very stately with his name on the front 5. Nothing can be said distinctly of their Sciences because in reality they know no distinction Three of their Kings were the masters of the ●…oral and Speculative learning under my●…ical numbers and Symbols they were also the Legislators Above 1000 Years before Christ two other Kings composed the book called Yequim being a comment upon those Symbols then followed Philosophers like the Stoicks The most famous Confucius composed 9 Books which are esteem'd chiefly 5 of them like our Holy writ many Doctors comment upon them he flourished 500 Years before Christ and aimed at the Reformation of Mankind and is held in veneration as the universal Master and a Saint with Temples dedicated to him The Government of the City where he was born remains in his Family the immediate successor has the title revenue and state of a Duke they are all as soon as born held in great veneration 6. The 5 principal Books are Yequim that treats of natural Philosophy fate and predictions the second Xoquim of Chronology the third Xiquim Poetically discourses of the Nature of things and Human Affections the fourth Liquin of Divine Worship the fifth Chun●…icu Examples of good and bad Kings There are 4 other Books of the same Author and another called Mencu that treat of Physicks and Morals out of these is taken a subject for the compositions of such as are examined there are also 9 Books of Comments upon those but only one of them is established by Law 7. They consider 3 principal objects in the World Heaven Earth and Man and accordingly their learning is divided into 3 Sciences that of Heaven treats of the Original of all things that of the Earth of its position product and variety that of Man of his manners and affections to whom they ascribe 5 Moral Virtues Piety Justice Policy Prudence and Felicity respecting 5 Orders of Persons in the Common-wealth Father and Son Husband and Wife King and Subject elder and younger Brother and friends among themselves 8. They have rules of Grammar understand Rhetorick are well skilled in Arithmetick and have knowledge of Geometry but know nothing of Dialectica and Algebra Astronomy is a profession only allowed to two Persons to study one in each Court and they leave it hereditary to their Sons they reckon 5 Elements Water Metal Fire Wood and Earth and appropiate to them as many Planets Mercury Venus Mars Iupiter Saturn The Zodiack they divide into 24 Signs the Year into 12 Moons and 354 Days making a Bissextile every three Years of 13 Moons and 383 Days it begins with the next Moon to the 5th of February Their Musick consists all of one sound the Bonzes sing after the manner of our plain Song their Instruments are of several sorts for the most part noisy and some like ours such as are played upon strings have them of Silk 9. Poetry was always much esteemed in China all that was published of this sort used to be sent to the

sailed over victorious to Columbo the King of which place was besieged by his Brother Madune Pandar who at first thought our Fleet had been that of Pate coming to his assistance But hearing the Ruin of it raised the Siege and made Peace Martin and his Officers honored and presented by the King sailed to Cochin from whence they again set out to scour the Coast. Off of Mount Delii they met six Paraos and took five of them A little farther they had the like Success with seventeen others Next day they took six and a Ship laden with Provisions Six thousand Pardaos were offered Martin for the Ransom of one Moor and he chose rather to hang him for an Example Being ordered by the Governor to Diu because a great Fleet of Turks was expected he forced ashore by the way a great Gallion of theirs and loaded his small Vessels with the Riches were in it Thus Martin Alfonso struck a Terror into all the Enemies and purchased us great security for some time 15. D. Emanuel de Meneses was gone about this time Embassador to Xael and was there imprisoned by that King with all the Portugueses who were in the Town So●… base and insolent Spirits were the Cause of this Action The King had favourably received some Portugueses in his Port but they being a loose People required his Kindness with Injuries One of these among others had robbed the King 's own Cousin and after other Tortures hung him and two other persons of Note by the private Parts to make them discover their Treasure Gonzalo Vaz committed another Robbery Alvaro Madera being kindly entertained by an honest Moor forced his Wife from him One Godino had the Honor to treat the King at his House and payed it with calling him Drunkard Others took a Ship belonging to his Subjects and impudently came to sell it in his Port. These and other Villanies had been acted when D. Emanuel de Meneses came with seventy Men to settle a Peace He was ignorant of what had happened and suspected it the less being well treated by the King He was lodged and then beset the Moors killing all the Portugueses about the Town A just Punishment for such Extravagances The King sent for D. Emanuel to Court he went with seventy Men but was admitted with only one and received very civilly but detained a Prisoner as were all the seventy except Godino whose Head was cut off in the presence of the King For Insolencences committed upon Royal Persons admit no delay of punishment Of the seventy he sent thirty as a Present to the Turk to purchase his Favour thinking he had by this Action lost the Portugueses Among the thirty was Madera who making his Escape from Constantinople carried the News to Portugal of the Turkish Fleet that was fitting at Suez to invade India This Advice caused the King to send continual Succors and immediately he dispatched five Ships 16. Nuno de Cuna hearing what had happened at Xael ordered D. Ferdinand de Lim●… who was going to command at Ormuz by the way to conclude a peace with that King He did it the Peace was sworn and D. Manuel de Meneses with those who were still there restored Nuno being satisfied the Turks were not coming as the Moo●… gave out to terrifie him began that vast Cistern which is there of such bigness that being twenty five Spans deep each Span contains a thousand Pipes of Water This he provided against a long Siege and added new Fortifications Having given all the necessary Orders in this place he sailed to Goa CHAP. IX Continues still the Government of Nuno de Cuna the same Year 1538 in the Reign of King John the Third 1. LET us now turn a while to the Bay of Bengala into which falls the famous River Ganges by two mouths This River has its springs in the mountains of great Tartary from whence it runs to the Southward near 600 Leagues and divides India into two pa●…ts Intra extra Gangem On the mouth that falls into the Sea to the Eastward is the City Chatigam on that to the Westward Satigam The Ganges runs through the middle of the Kingdom of Bengala to which were subject on the East those of Caor Comataii Sirote Codovoscam Cou and Tipora but these two last joining together threw off the Subjection on the West of the River Cospetir whose Plain is overflowed by Ganges as Egypt by the Nile conquered by the Patanas The Heathens here say that God granted these particular Prerogatives or Blessings to five Kingdoms To that of Bengala infinite numbers or Foot to Orixa Elephants to Bisnagar People skilled in Sword and Buckler to Delhi abundance of Towns and to Cou innumerable Horses The Country of Bengala lying between twenty two and twenty six degrees of Northern Latitude and being very well watered is most fruitful and produces many sorts of Fruit some like that of Spain Sugar and long Pepper abundance of Cattel and foul infinite quantities of Cotten which they work the Curiosity of their Quilts is extraordinary The Natives are Heathens and Men of no Courage but false and treacherous that it may appear all the World over Cowardize and Treachery go together The King is Heir to all Men. The principal City Gouro seated on the Banks of Ganges three Leagues in length containing one million and two hundred thonsand Families and well fortified along the streets which are wide and streight Rows of Trees to shade the People which sometimes is in such numbers that some are trod to death 2. About fifty years before the Portugueses discovered India came ●…o Gouro an Arabian Mahometan who growing rich and powerful obtained the then King of Bengala a Victory over the King of Orixa The King besides other Rewards made him Captain of his Guard and he ingratefully killed the King usurped the Kingdom and left the Inheritance thereof to the Moors that succeeded They observe no Rule of Inheritance from Father to Son but even Slaves sometimes obtain it by killing their Master and whoever holds it three days they look upon as established by Divine Providence Thus it fell out that in forty years space they had thirteen Kings successively At the time when Martin Alfonso de Melo Iusarte was prisoner to Mahomet Xiath that King who tyrannically held the Crown kept his Court at Gouro in great apprehension of being deposed but with such state that only his Women amounted to the number of ten thousand Martin and the others who were Prisoners with him obtained him success against the Patanas with whom he was at War 3. Martin and his Fellows obtained their Liberty by the means of Coje Sabadim a rich Moor who promised i●… Nuno de Cuna would carry him to Ormuz he would contrive the King of Portugal should have a Fort in the Port of Chatigam The Governor earnest upon this important Affair granted all he demanded and sent thither Martin Alfonso with two hundred Men in five Vessels The

our hopes advanced when the Fathers were imprisoned by the Court of Ceremonies for presuming to reside there without presenting themselves before their Tribunal This confinement lasted but three days because the King sent for them Though he sent for them they saw him not yet performed all the usual impertinent Ceremonies to his Throne as if he had been there The Supream President of that Court more particularly examined F. Rivius who he was whence he came and what he and his Companions pretended at Court and he being the most expert in the Chinese Language in most lofty terms answer'd to all those Particulars to the great admiration of the President and all the Auditory 13. The King being informed hereof granted the Fathers leave to live at that Court and all the Courtiers favoured them especially the Ministers of State and Mandarins F. Rivius so far gained the favour of a Calao the Supream Dignity in that Empire that he treated him as his equal a thing never used in that great Place seated him at his Table and gave singular attention to all he said particularly in Matters relating to Religion One of the things that most pleased him was that Christianity allowed not of more Wives than one Thus Rivius contracted Friendship with the President of the Supream Council and soon after most of the Principal Men. 14. Thus with Divine and Royal Assistance the Faith was propagated at Peking Hancheu Nanking and Nancham There were converted Mandarins Lawyers and other Persons of Note some with their whole Families and the Society of Jesus after 20 Years labour in the Year 1601 was possessed of four Residences in China one whereof at Court which was to support all the rest 15. F. Nicholas Longobardo a Sicilian who was Rector at Hancheu suffered very much but some Men of Note especially one Tauli pleading for the Fathers the Storm was somewhat appeased But it broke out more furious at the Instigation of a Witch who there being a great Dearth said the Goddess Quonhin would not give Rain whilst the Fathers were there and F. Nicholas was threatned with Death who desirous to suffer Martyrdom ran to the Place where they were threatning him He finding those People disputing about the Rain told them how vain it was to expect it from any but the God he preached and immediately there fell such abundance as refreshed the Fields and quenched their Thirst after his Blood so that House for that time was restored to its former quiet Let this for the present suffice touching the Conversion of China till we have occasion to speak of it again The End of the First Part. THE PORTUGUES ASIA TOM III. PART II. CHAP. I. The Government of the Viceroy D. Francis de Gama Count de Vidigueyra from the Year 1597 till 1600. DON Francis de Gama Count de Vidigueyra arrived at Goa in May having set out from Lisbon the Year before with five Sail whereof only his Ship Winter'd at Mombaçá He carried himself from the beginning with such State that he gained the general ill Will of all Men notwithstanding in other things he endeavoured to oblige 2. He disposed of all Places in the gift of the Viceroys to his own Creatures who sold them to underserving Persons whereby those who had merited them by their Service were put by their Right Yet afterwards hearing the just Complaints made against this unjust Proceeding he caused the Buyers to be refunded and gave those Places to Men of more worth 3. Manasinza the great Mogol's Favourite marched to subdue the Patanes who were in Rebellion because Catula King of Orixa having plunder'd and profaned a famous Pagod they unexpectedly fell upon him and killed his Son with 2000 Men. Manafinza had with him 35000 Horse 80000 Foot many Elephants with Castles and great quantity of all other warlike Engines At the City Iassalor all the Inhabitants to the number 6000 fell furiously upon the Enemy resolving to die and ordering as soon as they were cut off their Goods Wives and Children should be burnt that the Enemy might not possess their Riches or dishonour their Families They did great Execution at the first onset but were all cut to pieces and there being no time to put in execution their design Manasinza entred Iassalor plundering the Riches and ravishing Women which struck such a Terror into the rest of the Patanes they all submitted themselves Then marching towards the King of Orixa and he not daring to stand a Battel freely offered Subjection 4. In Ceylon the Tyrant D. Iohn King of Candea taking the advantage of time when our General D. Hierome de Azevedo had dispersed his Men to refresh them caus'd the King of Uva and the Princes of Dinavaca to join and take the Field with 4000 Men many Musketeers and armed Elephants With this force they marched towards our Fort of Corvite six Leagues from Ceitavaca where Salvador Pereyra de Silva commanded with 100 Men. Silva by the General 's order chose some of his Men and marched one Night with such a secrecy four Leagues to the Place where the Enemy was Encamped that they sooner felt than heard him killing many of their Men before they could handle their Arms. The Confusion was such they presently fled he pursued them slew above 1000 and carried away some Prisoners Elephants and other Booty 5. In the Summer D. Iohn takes the Field again with the King of Uva and Simon Correa who being in Rebellion called himself King of Ceitavaca He thought to draw our General D. Hierome out of his Works by attacking our Quarters at Mature where D. Ferdinand the Modeliar commanded D. Ferdinand understanding the Enemy was near thought to have performed such another fortunate piece of Service as Salvador Pereyra had done but his Companion Simon Pincham prevented him and after a desperate Fight in which he was almost lost obtained a Victory equal to that of Pereyra and falling upon the Rebels in their Works killed most of them so that the Flower of Candea fell this Day 6. At the end of May died at Columbo the lawful King of the whole Island of Ceylon D. Iohn Parea Pandar a Catholick and without Heirs King Philip was with the usual Solemnity immediately Proclaimed King of the whole Island and the Oath of Fidelity to him taken by all the Principal Men as being appointed Heir by the last Will of the Deceased 7. About this time came first into India the Scourge of the Portugues Pride and Covetousness for in the Month of September News was brought to Goa that the two first Holland Ships which durst cut those Seas had been in the Port of Titangone and were bound for the Island Sunda The Viceroy having held a Council about this Affair it was resolved to fit out a Squadron of two Galleons three Gallies and nine other Vessels and the Command of it was given to Laurence de Brito an ancient and experienced Captain deserving of greater Commands 8. Three Ships arrived

time Govern'd above 5 Years He was the 25 th Viceroy and 46th Governor the 6th of the Name and 4th of the Sirname CHAP. III. The Government D. F. Luis de Brito Bishop of Cochim from the Year 1628 till 1629. 1. THE King having ordered the Count de Vidigueyra to resign the Government to D. Francis Mascarennas then gone to Spain he committed it to D. F. Luis de Brito Bishop of Cochim There being no account of any thing memorable in this first Year of his Government we will go on to next The first that occurs is what happened at Ceylon 2. Our General Constantine de Sa having declared War against Candea F. Francis Negram sent him advice to attack that City immediately and he might take the King as being wholly unprovided he lost the Opportunity by only a short Delay about other Affairs Nevertheless the City was destroyed with Fire and Sword 3. The King of Achem imflamed with the Desire of recovering Malaca contrary to the Laws of Nations imprisoned our Ambassador then residing at his Co●…t and made extraordinary Preparations for a Siege as designing to undertake it in Person Laçamane his great General who had conquered many Kings for him opposed this Resolution for which he lost his Prince's Favour 4. Marraja ambitious by Flattery to gain his Prince's Esteem promised the King to make him soon Master of that so much coveted Town and hereupon had the Command of the Sea given him as Laçamane that of the Land The King set out with a Fleet of near 250 Sail in which he carried 20000 Men and a great Train of Artillery In this number of Vessels were fortyseven Galleys of extraordinary Strength Beauty and Value all near One hundred Foot in length and of a proportionable breadth The King went aboard with his Treasure Wife and Children but upon some ill Omen the Fleet sailed without him and came before Malaca at the beginning of Iuly 5. As they landed they marched towards the Castle that is between the City and Pangor Antony Pinto de Fonseca with 200 Men charges them and kills above 300 without losing a Man Iohn Suarez Vivas who commanded 350 Portugueses at Iller after doing great Execution among the Enemy on several occasions overpower'd by their numbers was forced to abandon that Post. 6. The Enemy having gained Mount St. Iohn thence battered the Fort furiously which answered with no less liberality The Capuchin Convent of the Mother of God was of importance to the defence of the Fort Iames Lopez de Fonseca having defended it 50 Days made a Sally with 200 Men defeating 2000 of the Enemy Lopez falling sick Francis Carvallo de Maya took that Post and defended it so well that the Enemy was provoked to batter it with such Fury that the Monastery was abandoned being levelled with the Ground Out of those Ruins the Enemy raised good Works where Laçamane held his Quarter with 3000 Men. Maraja had another large Fort upon Mount St. Iohn there was another towards Iller another at St. Laurence and so in other Places with Lines of Communication They provided Boats to run up the River and straiten the Town on all sides 7. Our General Fonseca desiring to disturb Laçamane sent Vivas with 220 Portugueses to attack his Works He killing 100 and the rest flying possessed himself of the Work by Night and retired with some of the Cannon The King of Pam our Allye understanding the Posture of our Affairs sent a Fleet with 2000 Men to the assistance of the Town Next came Michael Pereyra Borallo with five Sail from St. Thomas but all was too little to remove so powerful an Enemy though they had lost above 4000 Men having killed but 60 of ours This was the Condition of the Town at the end of October when Nunno Alvarez Botello arriv'd there 8. The Bishop then Governor was informed of this Design upon Malaca in Iune and of the weakness of the Place which required a speedy Relief It was then the dead of Winter and the Bishop was not very forward so the business was put off till September The Bishop falling sick minded the Recovery of his Health more than the Town and was put in mind by the principal Men of Goa moved thereto by Nunno Alvarez Botello of the great danger that Place would be exposed to if not speedily relieved They desired him to appoint some Person who might forward that Business since sickness hindred him He after seeming to approve of what they said could never be prevailed with to name any fearing perhaps he so named would wrest the Government from him sooner than Death 9. But Death took him away about the end of Iuly that those who were Ambitious to relieve Malaca might put their Designs in Execution That Bishop governed nineteen or twenty Months was the Forty-seventh Governor second of the Name first of the Sirname and the second Prelate that had that Command CHAP. IV. Of the Viceroy D. Francis Mascarennas in the Year 1628 with sundry Occurrences at Pegu Martavam Prom Siam and other Places 1. DON Francis Mascarennas had served so well in India that without solliciting he was appointed Viceroy there at the same time he was coming for Spain Being arrived here he was sent back this Year with the same Title and sailed from Lisbon with three Ships only one of them reached India the other two with the Viceroy were put back to Lisbon 2. In the Viceroy's Ship a Gentleman was taken actually committing an abominable Crime whom the Viceroy caused to be shot in pieces at the mouth of a Cannon He He was accused of this Action as not having power of Life and Death being at that time upon his return yet he was well received at Court and sworn of the Council of State of Portugal He may be reckoned the 27th Viceroy and 48th Governor the 7th of the Name and 4th of the Sirname 3. Since this Gentleman not passing to India has deprived us of the worthy Actions might be expected from him let that Want be supplied with an account of Exploits of the Black King of Siam in whom appeared a strange mixture of Virtues and Vices Much has been said of him already whereof some hints shall be given here and all that was before omitted added 4. In the Year 1544 the King of the Brama's by Sea and Land besieged the City Martavam Metropolis of the great and flourishing Kingdom of that Name whose Yearly Revenue was 3 Millions of Gold Chaubainaa being then King and Nhay Ca●…otoo Queen thereof who from the height of Fortune fell to the depth of Misery The Brama Fleet consisted of 700 Sail 100 of them great Galleys In them were 700 Portugueses commanded by one Iohn Caeyro reputed a Man of Valour and Conduct 5. After a Siege of 7 Months and 5 Assaults wherein the Brama's lost 12000 Men Chaubainaa found it was impossible to withstand that Power Provision being already so scarce they had eaten 3000 Elephants He