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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	council_n	majesty_n	privy_a	1,209	5	9.6979	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A34002	A plea for the bringing in of Irish cattel, and keeping out of fish caught by foreigners together with an humble address to the honourable members of Parliament of the countries of Cornwal and Devon, about the advancement of tin, fishery, and divers manufactures / by John Collins.	Collins, John, 1625-1683.	1680 (1680)	Wing C5379; ESTC R18891	30,333	42

agreed and drawn up by a Council of Trade in Ireland and if we had enjoyed a good one continually in England with proper instructions I believe the Nation might have been twice as rich and much stronger at Sea than now it is I my self about three years since drew up a Draught of instructions such as do not interfere with the work of the present Committee of his Majesties most honourable privy Council for Trade with a Narrative of the losses of our English Fisheries in all making about 7 Sheets of Paper and intend to publish the same after it hath obtained License from one of his Majesties Principal Secretaries of State for there are some things in it of a private Nature and others that much concern the advancement of his Majesties revenue and prevention of frauds The preamble is this That as soon as such Council shall be constituted and their House agreed upon that it be declared to all the Nation in the Gazets and upon the Exchange That his Majesties Gracious intentions in erecting the same is to encourage the Manufactures and employ the poor of the Nation And that hereupon all Merchants Trades-men Corporations Counties and places be invited and desired to send up their Complaints and aggreivances about Trade and Manufactures or any Act relating thereto to the Secretary who is to Collect and draw up out of all Papers sent in or otherwise procurable all that can be pertinently said on any argument of Trade by way of Debitor and Creditor all that can be said pro on one side or the left hand Page and all Contra on the right hand Page observing the like Method in Replies and Duplies The first of the Inland instructions was about the Irish Act to consider some Laws in being whether they hinder or encourage Trade particularly the Irish Act about Cattel And to be the better satisfied about the same to send to all Counties and Corporations for their sentiments therein how much they conceive they are benefited or damaged thereby and to give an account of how much feeding and breeding grounds they have and thence accordingly to state an Accompt and Report in readiness when called for the like for the Act of Navigation and whether our Trade to the Sound be not obstructed thereby and the building of Ships and Vessels for the Norway and Fishing Trades hindred and what the Annual damage may be And the first Instruction about Forreign affairs was That whereas suits of Law in Chancery about Merchants Accompts depend long there to the great trouble of the Court the vexation of the Masters to whom the same are referred and in the event to the ruine of the Parties concerned to prevent which the Instruction is to obtain the Constitution of the Court of Merchants in Holland for ending Suits of that nature and to consider whether the like may not without inconveniency be put in practice here and what additional Laws Constitutions and Instructions will be necessary for the setling thereof The Reasons of such Instruction Mr. Baker thus renders That tedious Law Suits create great Expence which otherwise would go in Trade to the benefit of the whole Nation the makers of the Law not understanding Accompts could not provide for the same and the Councellors having their Study by the Law and they and the Judges having no experience in Merchants affairs or skilled in Accompts they cannot be so competent Deciders and Judges thereof and great inconveniencies come unto all Traders for want of such a Court where rhe Parties alone and their Witnesses should be heard spending both their Monies and their time in Law and after many years of Contest for the most part their business is referred out of Chancery to Merchants or ended at Law as it were at hit or miss when very often both Parties have spent more than double the value of the thing they contested for being necessitated for every motion or tryal to have many Lawyers on both sides Whereas in Spain and other parts there can be admitted for each Party but one Lawyer nor can there be more present in any of the Courts where the Causes are tryed than one Lawyer for the Plaintiff and another for the Defendant and to the eminentest of them 20 s. is an extraordinary pay when he shall attend purposely for the hearing of that one Cause several days To which may be added that it discourages Merchant-Strangers to live and trade with us Being loth to omit mentioning such an Aggreivance I come now to give the Reader a Copy of a Paper formerly drawn up to assert that the Royal-Fishery Company when well filled and constituted are proper to be rendred A Council of Trade but with this limitation That it be not hence concluded that none but the Fishery Company nor all of them ought to be concerned in such a Council nor that others shall be excluded the Regulation and Choice as to Number and Persons is most humbly submitted to His Majesty's grave Prudence who by adding some eminent Persons to such a Company may have the more frequent Informations how such Affairs move on The REASONS are 1. Such Company did of late and 't is hoped will again consist of Members enough to wit Nobles Gentlemen and Merchants where out at all times to have a sufficient Choice 2. Such Company connot thrive at least in its Infancy without good Encouragements from the Crown or the Nation by its Representative in Parliament and therefore in lieu of such Encouragements may be put on Duty to earn the same 3. In regard of the Capacity the Members thereof are proposed to be in to wit of obtaining the Honour of being of the number of such Council it will excite many who aim at His Majesty's and the Nation 's welfare to become Adventurers in such Company which in probability may in some time become as splendid as either the East-Indian or African Company who thrive already without any such Encouragements 4. If such Company at least for some years be allowed House-Rent by His Majesty and Salaries to their Officers for doing the work of the Fishery and withall that of the Council it is as good as so much given to the said Fishery Company whereas to settle it on any other Constitution were to put His Majesty to a needless Charge 5. Yea and it may be suspected to almost a fruitless Charge for it is not reasonable to expect that eminent Persons named to be Members of such Council shall be so diligent in attending an Affair whereby they have no profit nor no particular concernment of their own as wherein they have especially if their House have an inconvenient Situation 6. If a War break forth and hinder Fishery Affairs the Company must then lose House-Rent and Officers Salaries which would be a discouragement to them and may by this means be prevented 7. The main work of such Council will be first to call for and receive the Complaints Sense and Informations of

means to occasion better measures to be taken than to pass this Act at least for any long time or perpetual The First Argument The Right Honourable the Lord Brereton lately deceased lent me a Paper to peruse that was a Copy of A Report of the Irish Council of Trade intended to be presented to his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant and Council of Ireland dated March 26 1673. in Obedience to An Order of Council of Jan. 20 1672. concerning the Trade and State of that Kingdom what were its Aggreivances and the Remedies Amongst other Articles I find divers relating to England which are inserted at large into this Discourse to wit in Article 15. it is alledged That Ireland pays a yearly Debt to England of about 200000 l. In Article 16. 't is said That while the Cattel-Trade for live Oxen and Sheep was open the value of all the Cattel exported to England never exceeded 140000 l. per Annum whereof 60000 l. per annum was Commodity to wit Hides Tallow Wool and Freight so we had but 80000 l. in Flesh In lieu whereof they had Goods from England to about three or four times the value that is 280000 l. And Article 17. the Customs between England and Ireland in the freest Trade are said to come to 32000 l. per annum as appears by their Custom-house Books And therefore after a Harangue of some hard Measures in Article 13. come to a result in these words Article 17. That about one third of all the imported Manufactures might be made in Ireland and that about two Thirds of the Remainder might be more conveniently had from Foreign Parts than out of England And Consequently it is scarce necessary at all for Ireland to receive any Goods out of England and not convenient to receive above one Fourth from thence of the whole which it needeth to Import the value whereof is under 100000 l. per Annum The Case being thus 't is highly our Interest to admit not only Irish Cattel but all their Commodities to keep them by Agreement on equitable terms hereafter propounded from furnishing Foreigners their Hides were formerly wrought into Shoes and exported to the Plantations as also Tallow And as to their Wool if they are permitted to export it either manufactured or unmanufactured it will in time ruine all the Wool and Cloth Trade of England for now they feed on their lean Cattel export their fat and increase their Flocks of Sheep In sum Ireland can and doth sell to Foreigners Wool Hides Tallow Flesh and Fish at about one Moiety of what England can afford them at and seeing our Lead and Tin are also in a very declining condition as is hereafter shewed it follows that this must be redressed or our Commodities lie on our hands The Merchants in their humble Remonstrance in 1659. to the then pretended Parliament represented it as their judgment That for as much as the Ground of Ireland was of far less value than that of England an Acre there nor being worth 4 s. which is here worth 40 s. and Provisions so much cheaper and consequently the Labours of Men they might afford their Commodities one half cheaper than the English can do So that in time if this were not redressed Ireland would get all the Trade from England but if not 't is better to Trade with them on an Over-Ballance than not at all and better to lessen their Markets abroad than quite to obstruct our furnishing the same Whence the Query resulting is this Have we or is it fit we should have a Power over Ireland to hinder them from selling their Commodities in Foreign Parts when we will not have them our selves If we have it is not well observed of which take the following Narrative Mr. Euclid Speidell a Custom-house Officer informs that in the year 1678. there were 40 Ships lading of Wool Shipp'd off from Ireland that according to Cockets ought to be unladen in England but none of it arrived here the Contents he certainly knew not But according to a moderate supposition Mr. Poyntz His Majesty's Tapestry-maker hath given the following Calculation to wit 40 Ships or Vessels at 40 Tuns each is 1600 Tuns which will employ 29458 Men Women and Children for a year allowing 3 Persons to a pound of Wool for a day in some of the faculties of Carding Spinning Combing Weaving Dying and Dressing which at 6 d. each per diem comes to 268804 l. per annum And according to Mr. Poyntz all these Faculties may be estimated to employ 96000 Persons for a year who may earn in that time at moderate rates 750000 l. which if wrought beyond Sea is not only so much loss to His Majesty's Native Subjects but as much gain to Foreigners besides the loss of Navigation and Money if the same should come in upon us The Second Argument Secondly Suppose that Act pass and Irish Cattel are barr'd out and this in favour to the Western and Northern Parts or breeding Grounds I say His Majesty and the Eastern and Southern Parts are for the present the losers and in the event the Nation shall have no Fishery nor by consequence be able to contest the Dominion of the Sea Of each severally 1. His Majesty loseth most of the Customs of 32000 l. a year before-mentioned and also much by the over-dearness of Provisions for His Navy which are twice as dear at home as our Neighbours over the Water are furnished with them from Ireland as followeth in so much that if another War at Sea should happen the Nation in this respect must soon groan under it as an unsupportable burthen 2. The Kingdom loseth the Navigation between England and Ireland and consequently the Employment of three or four hundred Sail of Ships and Vessels and the breeding of Mariners to manage them whereof alas we have too few 3. The Eastern and Southern Parts have lost their Victualling of the Dutch and of our own Merchant-men as may be plentifully proved from the Searchers Office at the Custom-house and 't is already asserted in Print that our Ships for the most part Westerly or Southerly bound Victual here but for six Weeks and take in the rest of their Provisions in Ireland or Irish Provisions in Spain according to contract made for the same Whereupon I put this Querie Shall English Ships be permitted to Victual in Ireland or not If yea then our Provisions are not spent at home contrary to the Hypothesis in keeping Cattel out and our Money must be returned to purchase them there If the English shall not be allowed to Victual there I further Enquire shall the Irish be permitted to carry their Provisions abroad or sell them to strangers at home or both Have we power to impose upon them If they shall be permitted to carry them abroad our Provisions cannot obtain Foreign vend as being much dearer than theirs And when they Export their Provisions they will also Export their Commodities and furnish their returns Of this

Amsterdam and then both Export the Charges at London come to about 1200 l. and at Amsterdam 60 l. and in two Ships of Tobacco of 200 Tuns each the charges shall be here 1000 l. and in Holland 120 l. And by reason hereof the Hollanders use to employ about 300 Sail of Ships every Winter to bring in French Wine and Brandy to Ship off again to the quantity of 40000 Tuns by which they could not get less than 2 or 300000 l. and 200 Sail more for Salt I have twice seen Fleets of theirs of about 500 Sail at a time in the Isle of Wight whereas the English only trade for 11 or 12000 Tuns of Wine yearly to spend The Case being thus and our building and sailing with more hands more chargeable it is no wonder we do not much thrive albeit we drive on rather a great Navigation than a profitable Trade This inconvenience was long since represented to King James by Sir Walter Rawleigh as we find in his little Book of Observations upon Trade printed in 1653. pag. 10. in these words Of this their smalness of Custom meaning in Holland Hamburgh c. inward and outward we have daily Experience for if two English Ships or two of any other Nation be at Bourdeaux both laden with Wine of 300 Tuns a piece the one bound for Holland or any other petit States the other for England the Merchant shall pay above 900 l. here in Duties when the other in Holland shall be cleared for 50 l. and so in all other Wares and Merchandizes accordingly It ought to be an Instruction to a Council of Trade to State an Accompt thereof on every Commodity He proceeds and saith That this draws all Nations to Traffick with them and although it seems but small Duties which they receive yet the multitudes of all kind of Commodities and Coyn that is brought there and carried out by themselves and others is so great that they receive more Customs and Duties to the State besides Excise by the greatness of their Commerce in one year than England doth in two years for the hundredth part of the Commodities are not spent in Holland but vended into other Countreys which makes all the Country Merchants to buy and sell and increase Ships and Mariners to transport them My Travels and meaning is neither hath been to diminish your Majesty's Revenues but exceedingly to encrease them c. This might be remedied by changing that part of the Duty of Customs that concerns Foreign Goods into an Excise to be managed in the same places and by the same Offic●rs and that without detriment to the Revenue laying the Excise upon the Expence especially of Goods we may want or best spare high and yet hardly raise the price of them for where Goods are plenty they will be cheap and People will be rather content with a small profit at home than run the hazard of a greater abroad If the advice of our renowned Hero had been followed the Dominion of the Sea had never been disputed which if once gained by our Adversaries as an eminent Peer in his Speech well observed is never to be lost or recovered and if so we might possibly be at their mercy whether the River of Thames should be stopt from Coals and Trade or not That we have lost the Greenland Muscovia and Fishery Trades is notorious And all this digression is but to render Gentlemen that may possibly meet with this discourse more kind in their measures towards the trading part of the Nation especially at such a time when our staple Commodities and Forreign Trades are under such circumstances and we not out of danger of our Neighbours entring into a Conjunction against us The Remedy we Propounded in the Third Argument will destroy the greatest part of the profit the Irish could or might have had by Trading with any but our selves We must therefore propound equitable Terms of amends Namely that whereas we are now Furnished with Linnen and Canvas from Forreign parts to the value of much above a Milion a Year We ought to encourage the planting of Hemp and Flax and the Manufactures thereof by keeping out Forreign both in Ireland and at home And by taking off all that Ireland can furnish allbeit it be to the value of 400 Thousand Pounds a Year in that Commodity and in building and fitting out if the Fishery Trade be well encouraged Ships and Fishery Vessels Cordage Twine and Nets Sails and Barrels which may be done there at Cheap rates so by that means encourage their industry and receive payment for the Debt payable to England aforesaid and for that great value of goods that used to be exported hence into Ireland And withall allow them a Trade to our American plantations This was the Advice of Mr. Baker and many eminent Merchants given to Oliver and his Council in 1658. as we find it in Page 14 of his Book Intituled The Merchants Petition and Remonstrance consented to by the Lord Mayor c. How great Prudence and Right State Policy were it That all encouragements and immunities should be given to those of Ireland that should Sow Flax and Hemp and that the same might be made into Linnen whereby England might become dependant on Ireland for the same Which would make that Country to become very Rich and Flourish And so the wealth of these Nations would be kept within themselves And for a mutual Correspondency all the wools of Ireland shall be brought into England and converted into Manufactures And these Manufactures Exported into Ireland to pay neither Custome nor Excise Whereby you will still keep Ireland dependant on England according to the practice of the King of Spain in the West-Indies Where Vines for Wines Olave Trees for Oyles will grow better than in Spain Yet none are suffered to be planted upon pain of Death because they may keep them dependant on Spain for the Commodities of their own growth and by which comes unto them most benefit For if they should have permitted the planting of these in the West-Indies they would not have needed that Assisttance from Spain The West-Indies being large Territories and the Ground of little value And the Ground of Ireland being of far less value than that of England an Acre there not being worth 4 s. which is here worth 40 s. And Provisions being so much cheaper and consequently the Labours of men they may afford their Wool cheap which being wrought into Manufactures and that Countrey better situated than England for Forreign Exportations they might afford them the one half cheaper than the English should be able to do So that Ireland in time would get all the Trade from England And it will be no prejudice to them to bring their Wools into England Now the price of Wool will not therefore be the Cheaper in England rather they will have thereby a greater value because the Commodities that are made of the same will be exported again into Ireland