Selected quad for the lemma: state_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
state_n	council_n	king_n	privy_a	1,162	5	9.8102	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64730	Cosmography and geography in two parts, the first, containing the general and absolute part of cosmography and geography, being a translation from that eminent and much esteemed geographer Varenius : wherein are at large handled all such arts as are necessary to be understand for the true knowledge thereof : the second part, being a geographical description of all the world, taken from the notes and works of the famous Monsieur Sanson, late geographer to the French King : to which are added about an hundred cosmographical, geographical and hydrographical tables of several kingdoms and isles of the world, with their chief cities, seaports, bays, &c. drawn from the maps of the said Sanson : illustrated with maps.	Sanson, Nicolas, 1600-1667.; Blome, Richard, d. 1705.; Varenius, Bernhardus, 1622-1650. Geographia generalis. English.	1682 (1682)	Wing V103; ESTC R2087	1,110,349	935

the Helm of State have precedency as the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper Lord President of his Majesties Council Lord Privy Seal Lord high Chamberlain the Earl Marshal the Lord Chamberlain the Master of the Horse c. Precedency may be thus observed the King who is the fountain of Honour the Prince of England who is eldest Son to the King and is born Duke of Cornwal and about the age of 17 years is usually created Prince of Wales Princes of the Blood Royal who are the Sons Brothers Uncles and Nephews of the King The Archbishop of Canterbury the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper the Archbishop of York Lord Treasurer of England Lord President of the Privy Council Lord Privy Seal Dukes Marquesses Dukes eldest Sons Earls Marquesses eldest Sons Dukes younger Sons Viscounts Earls eldest Sons Marquesses younger Sons Bishops Barons Viscounts eldest Sons Earls younger Sons Barons eldest Sons Privy Counsellors that are not Noblemen Judges Viscounts younger Sons Barons younger Sons Knights of the Garter if not otherwise dignified as is rarely found Knights Bannerets Baronets Knights of the Bath Knights Batchelors Colonels Sergeants at Law Masters of Chancery and Doctors and Esquires and those may be comprehended under five several heads 1. Esquires unto the Kings Body 2. the descendants by the Male-line from a Peer of the Realm 3. the eldest Sons of Knights of the Garter Baronets Knights of the Bath and Knights Batchelors 4. the two Esquires attending on the Knights of the Bath at their Knighting and 5. Officiary Esquires as Justices of the Peace Barresters at Law Lieutenant Colonels Majors and Captains and lastly Gentlemen At a Marshal Court held at White-Hall the 18th of March An. Dom. 1615. it was declared and concluded on that there are two degrees that establish and settle the Title of an Esquire by birth the one the younger Sons of Peers of the Realm which do invest into the Heirs-males descended from them the Name and Title of Esquires the other the lineal Heir-male of a Knights House and these may justly assume and challenge the Title of Esquire by birth so that in all reason the younger Sons of Peers are more worthy than Knights so the setling of a Title proceeding from them is more worthy and eminent than that derived from Knights The Dominions of England The Dominions of the King of England are very large for besides that of England Scotland and Ireland there are divers small Isles scituate nigh unto them and do belong to one or the other as the Isles of ORKNEY or ORCADES in number 32 seated against the North-cape of Scotland The Isles of SHETLAND also under the Scotish Dominions the HEBRIDES in number 44 seated Westwards of Scotland the SORLINGS seated in the Westrn-cape of Cornwall the SPORADES being several Isles dispersed about the British Seas amongst which these following are the chief MAN scituate between England Scotland and Ireland JERSEY and GARNSEY on the French Coast WIGHT part of Hantshire PORTLAND part of Dorsetshire STEEPHOLMS and FLATHOM in Somerfetshire AIBBRE in Cheshire DENNY in Monmouthshire CODLEY in Pembrokeshire ANGLESEY which is one of the Welsh Counties SHEPPEY in Kent NORTHEY OSEY and HORSEY in Essex FERNE COCKET and HOLY Isle in Northumberland with several other small Isles not worth the naming as indeed many of these are Then in Africa as TANGIER GVINEY c. In the East Indies several places though belonging to the East India Company of London and in America large Dominions as NEW ENGLAND NEW YORK MARYLAND VIRGINIA CAROLINA all which are on the Continent also divers Isles some of which are very considerable as JAMAICA BARBADOS BERMVDOS ANTEGO NEW FOVNDLAND c. all which shall be treated of as they come in order but first of the English Counties County of Barkshire described BARKSHIRE well clothed with Wood and watered with Rivers is blest with a sweet Air hath a rich Soil fit both for Corn and Pasturage especially in the Vale of Whitehorse and generally the whole County for profit and pleasure yieldeth to few Shires in England The principal Commodity that this Shire produceth is Cloth which finds great vent and amongst the Rivers that water the County the Isis the Oke and the Kenet which affords excellent Trouts are the chief It is severed into 20 Hundreds in which are 140 Parishes and hath 12 Market Towns Reading Reading pleasantly seated near the Thames and on the Kenet which is navigable for Barges to London which adds much to its Trade which is considerable especially for Cloth and Mault 't is a large Town containing three Parish Churches is beautified with well built Houses hath fair Streets is well inhabited and hath a very considerable Market for Grains Malt Hops and most Country commodities on Saturdays 'T is a Town Corporate governed by a Major 12 Aldermen and as many Burgesses with sub-Officers enjoyeth several Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T was formerly beautified with a fair and rich Monastery and a strong Castle built by King Henry the First where in the Collegiate Church of the Abby himself and Queen with Maud their Daughter were interr'd both which now lie in their ruins New Windsor Windsor pleasantly seated near the banks of the Thames and adjoyning to a Park and Forest well stored with Game 't is a fair large well frequented and inhabited Town Corporate governed by a Major and other sub-Officers sendeth Burgesses to Parliament and hath a very good Market for Provisions on Saturdays This Town is of great note for its stately Castle and Royal Palace of his Majesty seated on a great eminency wherein is a Chappel for Devotion a Colledge for Learning and an Alms-house for decayed Gentlemen called the poor Knights of Windsor and famous is this Castle not only for giving birth to so many of our Kings and Princes but for being the place where the ceremony of the Knights of the Garter is solemnized on St. Georges day Nigh unto New Windsor is Old Windsor a Town of greater antiquity though not of so much splendor Newbury Newbury well seated on the Kennet and in a Champain Plain a large well inhabited and frequented Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and Burgesses beautified with a spacious Market-place and well built Market-house sufficiently served with Corn Flesh Fish and Fowl on Thursdays This Town had its rise out of the ancient Spinae now a small Village near adjoyning and called Speenhamland and is of note for its Jack of Newbury who got so great an estate by Clothing which this Town at present is very considerable for Wallingford Wallingford a Town of great antiquity and in times past very strong and large containing four Parish Churches within its Walls which took up a mile in circuit 'T is at present a large Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and sub-Officers enjoyeth large Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T is commodiously seated on the banks of the Thames over which

landed his Army there and obtained the Regal Dominion thereof which being passed over unto him by their Nobles and Commonalty their Charter so signed was transmitted to Rome and was confirmed by a Patent of Pope Hadrian by a Ring delivered unto him in token of his investure and was farther confirmed by the Authority of certain Provincial Synods and ever since that time it hath remained in the possessions of the Kings of England The Temporal Government of Ireland The Temporal Government since the English became Masters thereof hath most commonly been by one Supream Officer sent over by the Kings of England and called Lord Deputy or Lord Lieutenant who for Majesty State and Power is not inferiour to any Vice-Roy in Christendom living in great grandure and having ample and Royal Power and Authority granted unto him and as Assistant unto him in so weighty a concern he hath his Privy Council being a select number of honourable and prudent persons chosen out of the Nobility Clergy and Capital Officers of State for their Degrees of Honour and Offices of State they are the same with those of England already treated of The present Lord Lieutenant is the Right Noble his Excellency Arthur Capell Earl of Essex Viscount Maldon Baron Capell of Hadham c. Its Laws and Courts of Judicature The Laws of this Kingdom have correspondency with those of England and have likewise there several Courts of Judicature as the Chancery Common-Pleas Kings-Bench Exchequer c. but above all the High Court of Parliament There are likewise in each County Justices of the Peace for the quiet governing and well ordering the Inhabitants as in England The Archbishops and Bishops As to the Ecclesiastical Government of this Kingdom it is committed to the care of four Archbishops under whom are divers Suffragan Bishops whose names are as followeth Under the Archbishop of Armagh who is Primate of Ireland are the Bishops of Meath or Elnamirand Conuer Rathluc Dune or Dundalethglas Ardachad Derry Dal-Liquir Chlocor or Lugundum and Rathbot Under the Archbishop of Dublin those of Ferne Lechlin Glendalach Ossery and Kildare Under the Archbishop of Cassile those of Limrick Waterford Corke Laonie or Kendalnan Gellumabrath Lismore Ardefret the Isle of Gathay Clon De Rosalither Melite or Emilech and Ross or Roscree And under the Archbishop of Tuam those of Elphin Gonany Clonfred Enachdun Achad Duac or Killmacduoc Mage Killmund●ach Cellaiar Roscomon and Lade or Killaleth According to the Temporal Government of this Kingdom it is severed into four Provinces to wit Leimster Vlster Connaugh and Mounster which are again subdivided into several Counties which comprehend several Baronies in which are seated several Towns And of these Provinces in order LEIMSTER It s fertility THis Part of Ireland for the generality is of a fertil Soil affording great plenty of Corn Cattle Fowl and Fish enjoyeth a wholsom and temperate Air is well watered with Rivers the chief amongst which are the Shour Neor and Barraeo It s Bivers which have their rise out of that great Mountain called by Giraldus Bladinae Montes It is very well inhabited as well by the Gentry as the Commonalty and the rather by reason of Dublin the Metropolitan City of this Kingdom therein seated It s form may be said to be triangular for from South-east to the West-point is above 80 miles from thence to the North-west about 70 and her East-Coast about 18 the circumference making about 270 miles And for its bounds it hath on the West the Province of Connough on the North that of Leimster and on the East and South the Sea which regards England from which that is from Holy-head in the Isle of Anglesey it is distant about 50 miles a Sea very dangerous for Saylers by reason of the Flats and Shallows that lie over against Holy-point which are called the Grounds And as to its division it is severed into ten Counties to wit Dublin East-Meath West-Meath Longford Kildare Kings County Queens County Caterlough Weixford and Kilkenny all which are again subdivided into several Baronies and of these Counties in order County of Dublin described DVBLIN or Divelin a fertil County for Corn and Cattle but ill provided with Wood which defect is supplied by Peat or Turff dug up in the clammy places as also by Sea-Coal brought from England It is severed into seven Baronies viz. New-Castle Vpper-Cross Rath-down Castle-knock Coolock Balrudery and Nether-Cross and by reason of its City Dublin the Metropolis of Ireland is very well furnished with Towns and inhabited by Gentry It s chief places are Dublin Dublin the capital City in the Island by Ptolomy called Eblana by the Latinists Dublinium and Dublinia by the West Britains Dinas Dulin and by the Irish Balacleigh that is the Town upon Hurdles by reason that when it began to be first built the ground being wet and moorish the Foundation of its Houses were laid upon Hurdles It is a City of great Antiquity and said to be built by Harold the first King of Norway who brought most of the Kingdom under his obedience though not without great Spoils and after the Conquest of the English was Peopled by a Colony of Bristol-men It is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the River Liffie which after a small course emptieth it self into a capacious Bay of the Sea where it hath a good Haven and a fair prospect and on the South it hath delightful Hills which with the several Parks here adjacent afford great Recreation to the Gentry It is a City dignified and enriched with the residence of the Lord Lieutenant as also with the See of an Archbishop with an Vniversity and the Courts of Judicature by reason of which it is a place of good Traffick being well inhabited and frequented by Nobility and Gentry as also by abundance of wealthy Merchants and Shop-keepers It is beautified with many fair Buildings both publik and private the principal amongst which are the Lord Lieutenants Palace a stately Structure built by order of King Henry the Second in the East-Suburbs then the Cathedral Church dedicated to St. Patrick consisting of a Dean Chanter Chancellor Treasurer two Arch-Deacons and twenty Prebendaries Nigh unto which is the Archbishops Palace both which are without the City in the Suburbs called St. Patricks Then the Collegiate Church consecrated to the Holy Trinity commonly called Christ-Church seated in the midst of the City which Queen Elizabeth dignified with the Priviledges of an Vniversity and not far from this is the Town-Hall called Toles-tale a fair Stone-building of a quadrangular form and here the Lord Major Sheriffs Aldermen and other the Magistrates of the City assemble together for the management and consulting on the publick Concerns of the City as to hear Causes hold Sessions c. Then a beautiful Colledge with several other fair Edifices It is at present a City of a large Extent to what it formerly was and doth daily increase in

they seldom are seen abroad Their habit They wear their Garments very long with long loose sleeves those of the Northern Provinces make use of Furs and those of the Southern wear Silk but persons of quality are richly habited and adorned with many Pearls and Precious Stones They are great lovers of Women as also of their bellies commonly eating thrice a day their diet being good and cleanly drest and they as neat in eating it making use of Knifes and Forks They are addicted to Arts and Sciences They are very ingenious and much more industrious and Politick then their Neighbours having the use and understanding of Arts and Sciences both liberal and Mechanical as Philosophy Physick Astronomy concerning the Heavens and Stars the Eclipses of the Sun and Moon c. in the which they have abundance of vain fancies Also they are expert in Musick and making of Musical Instruments Navigation Architecture Painting Sculpture making of Clocks casting of Metals in Images Medals or the like these with several other inventions too tedious to name they had the benefit of before us yet are they not in that perfection as they are with us And as for Armes they have their courage so low Not good Souldiers that both the Souldiers and the Commanders submit themselves to the whip when they have been wanting in their duty so that it was said that when the Tartars affaulted them it sufficed them only to have shewed them the whip to have put them to slight as the Scythians their predeceisors once served their slaves who during their long absence had married their Mistresses It is likewise reported that the China Horses could not suffer the weighing of the Tartarian Coursers and the Chinois Cavaliers being of the same humor they were more likely to run than fight Moreover the Chinois are very ceremonious courteous and great complementers for which they have several Printed Books which they teach their children not passing by any one that they know without kind salutations and if they happen to espy any friend which comes out of the Country besides their kind greeting his first question will be to ask him whether he hath dined or supped which if he hath not he will carry him to a Tavern and give him a treatment of Flesh Fowle and Fish and if he hath din'd a collation of Fruits and Conserves They are also very costly in their Feasts and Entertainments as in variety of Meats Fruits Preserves to which may be added other delights as Musick Singing Dancing Plaies and other pastimes And for persons of quality they observe more state some Feasts lasting about 15 or 20 days They have several days which they make great account of in Feastings and merriments but above all others their new years day which is in March where also their Priests are present at their rejoycings adding to the solemnity of the day Sacrifices which they make to their Gods In their Marriages they also very expensive in their Feasts for the Bridegroom receives no other Portion from her friends then what they bestow in their entertainments but on the contrary he gives her a Portion which the gives to her friends in thankfulness for their care in her education Their Religion and belief The Chinois may be held as Pagans and Idolaters not knowing the true Religion but worshipping Idolls they invoke the Devil they hold the immortality of the Soul and after this life it goeth to eternal bliss or torment they also hold a kind of Purgatory and that their friends and relations upon their prayers and supplications may have some ease for which purpose they have a day set apart for the performing of this ceremony They have four orders of Religious men they observe all one fashion but are distinguished by their colour they all shave their beards and heads they make use of Beads and say their Matins c. as the European Monks do Mandelsloe saith that they are much addicted to incantations and charmes not doing any thing of concernment without they have first consulted it by their charmes and if they prove not according to their desire they will raile and abuse their Gods with scurrilous language fling them down beat them whip them and tread upon them but when their choler is asswaged they will cogg with them give them good words and pretend sorrow and if the charme favour them then they offer to them Geese Ducks boiled Rice c. These charms are commonly two small pieces of wood one side being flat and the other being hallow which they fling upon the ground and if it happen that the round side of both or of one is downwards they take it for an ill omen if uppermost for good They believe that all things visible and invisible were created by Heaven who by a Vicegerent governs the Universe another who governs all Sublunary things they also add three principal Ministers one looks to the production of Fruits and the generation of Men and Animals another governs the Air and causeth Rain c. and the other governeth the Waters and Sea Mandelsloe saith also Their funeral Ceremonies that at their Funerals they have several ceremonies as soon as any person is deceased they wash his body put on his best Clothes and set him in a Chair where his Wife Children and other Relations kneeling down about him take their leave of him which done they put him into the Coffin set it upon a Table covering him with a Winding-sheet which reaches to the ground on which they draw the Picture of the deceased where they leave him 15 days during which time in some other Room they set on a Table Wine Fruit and Lights for the Priest who watcheth after which time they carry the Corps to the Burial place his Relations commonly mourning for a year The King governs by his own Will The Government of the Kingdom or Empire of China is wholly at the power of the King either to change take away or augment Laws when and as oft as he pleases yet doth he not execute any rigorous Laws upon them scarce acting or imposing any thing upon his Subjects without the Advice of his Council of State besides this Council of State he appoints others as well for the Administration of Justice as for the oversight of other affaires in the Kingdom but they neither inflict any punishment to Criminals or determine any thing of themselves but make their report to the King who decides the same They are very circumspect how they condemn any person not passing their sentence till the offence is found so clear and evident that the offendor is not able to justifie himself they use fair means first for the finding out of the truth and if that will not do they then inflict several tortures upon them their executions are various and more cruel according to the offence committed some being hanged some they impale some they burn their greatest punishment is inflicted on

in the name of the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost he receiveth a sword therewith to defend the Catholick Church to repulse and vanquish the enemy to expose himself to death for the Faith to relieve the oppressed and all by the power of the Cross which is desigured by the cross hilt then is he girt with a belt and thrice struck on his shoulders with his sword which signifies that he is cheerfully to suffer all afflictions for the honour of Christ who taking it of him flourisheth it aloft three times as a provokement to the adversary and then sheaths it again Then he that gives him Knighthood doth exhort him to get true honour by laudable and couragious actions to be vigilant in the Faith c. then two other Knights of the said Order do put on a pair of gilt spurs which doth signifie that he should do no ignoble action for gain and to value Gold no more than dirt and thus with a Taper in his hand he goes to Mass where he is excited to Hospitality to works of Piety redemption of Christian Captives c. Also he is asked whether he is resolved to live among them to quit the Authority of secular Magistracy to revenge their injuries whether he be of any profession whether a freeman joyned in Matrimony or vowed to another Order and having answered thereunto upon the receipt of the Sacrament he vows in this order I vow to the Almighty God to the Virgin Mary his immaculate Mother and to St. John Baptist perpetually by the help of God to be truly obedient to all my superiours appointed by God and this Order to live without any thing of mine own and withal to live chastly which done he is received as a member of them besides other prayers they are commanded to say daily 150 Pater-nosters for such as have been slaves in their Wars None are admitted to this Order but those who can prove their Gentility for six descents which is examined and approved by the Knights of their Nation they remain a year upon approbation before they are admitted into the Society where they come very young that they may the sooner come to a Commendum at home Their habit as we noted before are black Cloaks with large white Crosses of fine linnen set on the shoulder place but in time of War they wear Mandilions of Crimson with the said White Crosses set behind and before and about their necks they wear a Riband with a branch of the Cross If one of these Knights be convicted of a Capital offence he is in the first place publickly degraded in the Church of St. John where he received his Knighthood also strangled or thrown into the Sea There are of these Knights 1000 whereof 500 alwaies reside in this Island the other 500 dispersed throughout Christendom at their several Seminaries which upon any summons are to make their personal appearance every Nation do feed by themselves in their several Alberges and sit at table like Friers Of these there be 16 of great authority Councellors of State called the Great Crosses out of whom the Officers of their Order as the Marshal the Admiral the Chancellor the Master of the Hospital c. are chosen and who together with the Master punishes the trangressors as aforesaid Now when the Great Master hapneth to die they suffer no vessel to go out of the Land until another be chosen lest the Pope should intrude on their election which is thus performed The several Seminaries nominate two Knights and two also are nominated for the English and these 16 from among themselves chuse 8 and these 8 chuse a Knight a Priest and a Frier servant and they three out of the 16 great Crosses elect the Great Master who being thus chosen is stiled The most illustrious and most reverend Prince the Lord Frier A.W. great Master of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem Prince of Malta and Goza The Great Master being thus chosen and received with these and many other noble Ceremonies hath a great power over all the Commanders and Officers of the Order he assembles the Councels calls the Officers of Justice who exercise in his Name and execute under his Seal he Coins money disposes of Treasure imprisons and sentences the faulty pardons the Condemned creates Knights of Grace confers even to the eighth dignity of the Great Cross c. In the Councel and at Table he sits under a Canopy of State and is bravely attended and served by Knights according to their Order and without Fee and doth all the acts of Soveraignty and hath a great revenue to support his Dignity Their possessions Besides Malta the Great Master and the Knights of Malta possess the Isles of Cumin and Cumiot which are very little Forfola or Furfura which is but a Rock and when they would iest with any among them or play on some young Knight they call him Prince of Forfola The Isle of Goza of which the Great Master takes the title of Prince this is the Gaulos or Gaudos of the Antients and to this day called Gausditch by its Inhabitants and Gausdosch by the Moors It is about 6 or 8000 paces from Malta and about 20000 paces in Circuit its form approaching to an Oval It s Fortress is on an uncommanded hill and the Town beneath it all the Isle though mountainous is peopled not by Villages but by Hamlets and houses scattered here and there the Air being very good and the land watered with many streams It may assist Malta with its Corn Fruits Muttons Hares Fowl Honey c. they take here excellent Faulcons and that which is presented to the Vice-Roy of Sicily in the name of the Great Master of Malta and for Malta likewise those which are presented to the King of France are for the most part taken here This Isle of GOZA was taken and pillaged by the Turks in 1551 who carried near 4000 souls Captives there remaining almost as many At present it is restored and the Castle well fortified and all the approaches of the Isle defended with some Forts It s Governour is one of the Knights whom the Grand Master sends from three years to three years the Inhabitants speak Arab or Moresco as at Malta have the same manners and are all Catholicks Likewise LAMPEDOZA and LINOSA or Limosa distant from Malta about 10000 paces belong to these Knights but both are esteemed desart West of them and towards the Cape of Bona is the Isle of Pantaleria which belongs not to the Knights but to the Catholick King but because we have not remembred it before we will here speak a word of it It s Circuit is about 30000 paces It s City and Port regard Sicily towards the North and Malta towards the East Above the City is a Castle or Rock which nature hath made craggy and inaccessible on all sides The Land bears little Corn quantity of Pulse and Kitchin-herbs produceth abundance of Cotton Anniseeds