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A37731 An exact description of Ireland chorographically surveying all its provinces & counties ... : with an index of all the provinces, counties, baronies, cities, towns, forts, castles, rivers, lakes, havens, bays, mountains, promontories, &c., in such a manner as may serve for a geographical dictionary for Ireland ... : done according to the latest surveys, and agreeing with all the new maps / by Laurence Eachard ... Echard, Laurence, 1670?-1730. 1691 (1691) Wing E142; ESTC R22203 53,151 182

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Masters of Dublin and several other considerable Places but being in a short time so incumbred with Danes at home that they were well satisfied to leave all that they had gained here being scarce able to defend their own from that Nation So that these soon recovered their former Liberty that is under the Government of their own Princes The next Conquest was made by the Northern Nations as Danes Swedes and Normans going by the general Name of Norwegians who first scowred along the Coasts by way of Pyracy but afterwards finding the weakness of this Isle by reason of its several Divisions they made an absolute Conquest of it under one Turge●…ius whom they elected for their King They were not Masters of it long before the King of Meath the only Irish Prince in favour with Turgetius found out a Stratagem by the help of his Daughter Omlag●…liben whom this Tyrant loved and slew him and with him all the Norwegians that were his Attendence and by this means they soon routed the rest so that the Petty Princes once more enjoyed their former Dominions The last Conquest was by King Henry the Secend of England Anno 1172. who was called in for the Assistance of the King of Leinster who was driven out of his Kingdom by the King of Meath He restored him and made a Conquest of these Petty Princes who submitted themselves to him and gave him all their Power which was confirmed to him by Pope Hadrian and ever since this Country has for the most part though with divers Alterations remained subject to England The Kings of England had only the Title of Lords of Ireland tho' Kings in Effect and Power till Anno 1542. Henry the Eighth in an Irish Parliament was declared King of Ireland as a Name more Sacred and Repleat with Majesty which was confirmed to Mary his Daughter by Pope Paul IV. Anno 1555. The Irish have always looked upon our Conquests as such wrong and injustice done to 'em though indeed nothing could be more to their Advantage that they would never let slip any Opportunity of Rebellions The first Rebellion was in the Reign of Edward the First 〈◊〉 when that Prince was engaged against the Scots one Dovenald O Neal rose up and styled himself King of Ulster and in Right of Inheritance the undoubted Heir of all Ireland but he was soon quell'd again The second Rebellion was in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth Anno 1537. by the Earl of Kildare who also added the Pretence of Religion This was soon suppressed the Earl taken and beheaded with his five Uncles The third Rebellion was by O Neal in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth Anno 1563. notwithstanding he was pardoned for the beginning of one before He burnt the Cathedral of Armagh and besieged Dundalk but without any success After two Years Sir Henry Sidney Lord Lieutenant went against ●…im in fight broke his Forces so that ●…leeing to the Scots whom he had ●…ikewise injured he was assassinated ●…n cold Blood and soon after attainted ●…n Parliament and the Title O Neal quite abolished The fourth Rebellion in this Coun●…ry was not above 14 Years after in Anno 1579. about the middle of Queen Elizabeth It was begun by the Earl of Desmond who not being of sufficient power himself called in the Spaniards who began to possess themselves of several Places But how soever this was of no such ill consequence as some others were for about a Year after the Spaniards were all driven out Sir Oem being a considerable Agent against them and the Earl himself was taken and executed Anno 1583. The fifth Rebellion was in the same Reign Anno 1595. made by Sir Oem who before had done great Service against the Earl of Desmond This was more dangerous than any before he being a good Soldier Anno 1598. he defeated the English nigh Black-Water In 1599. brought the Earl of Essex to condescend to a Treaty with him In 1601. he brought the Spaniards over to his Assistance who took and Garisoned Kinsale This War lasted eight Years till Anno 1603. Kinsale was retaken and the Spaniards totally driven out whereupon Sir Oem submitted and was brought over by the Lord Lieutenant to King Iames the First The sixth Rebellion was the most terrible of all made by a general Insurrection of all the Irish Anno 1641 in the beginning of our Troubles in England who assassinated an incredible number of the English after such a barbarous sort as no Age nor Nation could ever parallel Our Nation could lend them no Assistance till Anno 1649. and 50. Oliver Cromwel with Ireton and others gave them a most bloody Chastisement erecting many a dreadful Trophie of the Divine Vengeance against all such perfidious Traitors so that if Mercy had not been shewn in time they might with a little more Expence of Time and Treasure utterly extirpated the Irish Name and Nation As for these present Troubles I shall say nothing of having been treated of by so many good Pens already and in my Description of the Provinces Counties Towns Castles c. I shall say but little of these Wars and knowing by reason of them there have been many Alterations which I shall take but little Notice of I shall give a Description of every place as they were before the Wars begun Yet perhaps I may be a little more particular in those Towns which have been most famous in these Wars The Government of this Country is by a Vice-Roy though he has not that Name first called Keepers or Wardens of Ireland afterwards Justices of Ireland and now Lord Lieutenant and Deputy of Ireland Their Authority is Large Ample and Royal having Power to make War to conclude Peace to bestow all Magistracies and Offices except a very few to pardon all Crimes unless they be some of High Treason to dub Knights c. And truly there is not in all Christendom any other Vice Roy that tomes nigher the Majesty of a King for his Jurisdiction Authority Train Furniture and Provision There are assistant to him in Council the Lord Chancellor of the Realm the Treasurer of the Kingdom and others of the Earls Bishops Barons and Judges which are of the Privy Council When any one entreth upon the Honourable Place of Government first the Letters Patents are publickly read after that he takes a solemn Oath in a set Form of Words before the Chancellor then the Sword is delivered to him which is to be born before him and then he is placed in a Chair of State having standing by him the Chancellor of the Realm those of the Privy Council the Peers and Nobles of the Kingdom with a King of Arms a Sergeant of Arms and other Officers of State Besides the Lord Lieutenant himself in more remote Provinces are several Inferiour Governours to administer Justice as a Principal Commissioner in Connaught and a President in the Province of