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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14770	Tvvo histories of Ireland. The one written by Edmund Campion, the other by Meredith Hanmer Dr of Divinity	Campion, Edmund, Saint, 1540-1581.; Hanmer, Meredith, 1543-1604. aut; Ware, James, Sir, 1594-1666.; Spenser, Edmund, 1552?-1599. aut	1633 (1633)	STC 25067; ESTC S118078	462,376	530

the inhabitants of the county towne of Corke being tyred with perpetuall oppressions of their Irish borderers complained themselves in a generall writing directed to the Lord of Rutheland and Corke the Kings Deputy and to the Councell of the Realme then assembled at Divelin which Letter because it openeth the decay of those partes and the state of the Realme in times past I have thought good to enter here as it was delivered me by Francis Agard Esquire one of her Majesties privy Councell in Ireland It may please your wisedomes to have pittie of us the Kings poore subjects within the county of Corke or else we be cast away for ever for where there was in this countie these Lords by name besides Knights Esquiers Gentlemen and Yeoman to a great number that might dispend yearelie 800. pounds 600. pounds 400. pounds 200. pounds 100. pounds 100. markes 20. pounds 20. markes 10. pounds some more some lesse to a great number besides these Lords following First the Lord Marquesse Caro his yearely revenues was besides Dorzey Hauen and other Creekes 2200. pounds sterling The Lord Barnevale of Bearehaven his yearely revenues was beside Bearehaven and other Creekes 1600. pounds sterling The Lord Vggan of the great Castle his yearely revenues was besides havens and creekes 1300. pounds sterling The Lord Balram of Emforte his yearely revenues was besides havens and creekes 1300. pounds sterling The Lord Courcy of Kilbretton his yearely revenues besides havens and creekes 1500. pounds sterling The Lord Mandevil of Barrenstelly his yearely revenues besides havens and creekes 1200. pounds sterling The Lord Arundell of the strand his yearely revenues besides havens and creekes 1500. pounds sterling The Lord Baron of the Guard his yearely revenues besides havens and creekes 1100. pounds sterling The Lord Sleynie of Baltimore his yearely revenue besides havens and creekes 800 pounds sterling The Lord Roche of Poole-castle his yearely revenue besides havens and creekes 1000. pounds sterling The Kings Majesty hath the Lands of the late young Barry by forfeiture the yearely revenue whereof besides two rivers and creekes and all other casualties is 1800. pounds sterling And at the end of this Parliament Your Lordship with the Kings most noble Councell may come to Corke and call before you all these Lords and other Irish men and binde them in paine of losse of life lands and goods that never any of them doe make warre upon another without licence or cōmandement of you my Lord Deputy the Kings Councell for the utter destruction of these parts is that onely cause and once all the Irish men and the Kings enemies were driven into a great valley called Glanehought betwixt two great mountaines called Maccorte or the leprous Iland and their they lived long and many yeares with their white meat till at the last these English Lords fell at variance among themselves and then the weakest part tooke certaine Irish men to take his part and so vanquished his enemy and thus fell the English Lords at variance among themselves till the Irish men were stronger then they and drave them away and now have the whole country under them but that the Lord Roche the Lord Courcy and the Lord Barry onely remaine with the least part of their auncestors possessions and young Barry is there upon the Kings portion paying his Grace never a penny Rent Wherefore we the Kings poore subjects of the Citty of Corke Kinsale and Yowghall desire your Lordship to send hither two good Iustices to see this matter ordered and some English Captaines with twenty English men that may be Captaines over us all and we will rise with them to redresse these enormities all at our owne costs And if you doe not we be all cast away and then farewell Mounster for ever And if you will not come nor send we will send over to our Liege Lord the King and complaine on you all Thus farre the letter And at this day the Citty of Corke is so encumbred with unquiet neighbours of great power that they are forced to watch their gates continually to keepe them shut at service times at meales from sunne set to sunne arising nor suffer any stranger to enter there with his weapon but to leave the same at a lodge appointed They walke out for recreation at seasons with strength of men furnished they match in wedlocke among themselves so that welnigh the whole citty is allyed together It is to be hoped that the late sent over Lord President of Mounster Sir Iohn Parrot who hath chosen the same place to abide in as having greatest neede of a Governour resident would ease the inhabitants of this feare and scourge the Irish Outlawes that annoy the whole region of Mounster Henry the 4. in the 10. yeare of his raigne gave the Sword to the Citty of Divelin which Citty was first governed as appeareth by their auncient seale called Signum propositurae by a Provost and in the 14. yeare of H. the 3. by a Major two Bayliffes which Bayliffes were changed into Sheriffes by Charter of Edward the 6. an 1547. This Majorality both for state and charge of that office and for the bountifull hospitality exceedeth any Citty in England except London While Henry the 5. reigned I finde lieutenants and deputyes of Ireland specially remembred Iohn Talbott of Hollamshire Lord of Furnyvall Thomas de Lancaster Senischa of England and Stephen le Scroope his Deputy Iohn Duke of Bedford then also Lord Keeper of England and the noble Earle of Ormond Sir Iames Butler whose grandsire was Iames surnamed the chast for that of all vices hee most abhorred the sinne of the flesh and in subduing of the same gave notable example In the red Moore of Athye the sun almost lodged in the West and miraculously standing still in his epicycle the space of three houres till the feat was accomplished and no pit in that bogge annoying either horse or man on his part he vanquished Omore and his terrible Army with a few of his owne and with the like number Arthur Mac Murrough at whose might and puissance all Leinster trembled To the imitation of this mans worthinesse the compiler of certaine precepts touching the rule of a Common-wealth exciteth his Lord the said Earle in diverse places of that Worke incidently eftsoones putting him in minde that the Irish beene false by kinde that it were expedient and a worke of Charity to execute upon them willfull and malicious transgressours the Kings Lawes somewhat sharpely That Odempsye being winked at a while abused that small time of sufferance to the injury of the Earle of Kildare intruding unjustly upon the Castle of Ley from whence the said Deputy had justly expelled him and put the Earle in possession thereof that notvvithstanding their oathes and pledges yet they are no longer true then they feele themselves the vveaker This Deputye tamed the Obriens the Burckes Mac-banons Ogaghnraghte Manus Mac

England and to his successors after him This service was no sooner performed but there came messengers to Reimond from Dermot Mac Carty Prince of Desmond humbly craving his aide against his eldest son Cormac O Lechan who was in armes against his natural father with the advice of his Councell Reimond granteth aide hee marcheth towards Corke and subdueth the rebell the sonne dissembleth with the father and clapt him in prison the father requiteth the sonne with like he got him in under colour of peace clapt him in prison and cut off his head And not long after saith Cambrensis the men of Corke at a parlee not farre from the Towne slew their Prince Dermot Mac Carty and most of his company Anno 1177. so writeth Holinshed Henry the 2. held a Parliament at Windsore where Laurence Archbishop of Dublin was present as what time Roderic King of Conoght sent thither the Archbishop of Tuam the Abbot of Saint Brandon with one Laurence his Chaplen offring all submission and loyalty The King willingly heard them and gladly concluded a Peace at the importunate suit of his Messengers to avoid further trouble injoyning Roderic to pay him in token of subjection a tribute of Cow hides the Charter of agreement was drawne and subscribed as followeth Hic est finis concordia quae facta fuit apud Windesore in Octabis Sancti Michaelis Anno gratiae 1175. Inter Dominum Regem Angliae Henricum secundum Rodericum Regem Conaciae per Catholicum Tuamensem Archepiscopum Abbatem C. Sancti Brandani Magistrum Laurentium Cancellarium Regis Conaciae 1. Scilicet quod Rex Angliae concedit predicto Roderico Ligio homini suo Regnum Conaciae quamdiu ei fideliter serviet vt sit Rex sub eo paratus ad servitiū suū sicut homo suus ut teneat terrā suam ita bene in pace sicut tenuit antequam Dominus Rex Angliae intraret Hiberniam reddendo ei tributum totam illam terram habitatores terrae habeat sub se justiciae ut tributum Regi Angliae integrè persolvant per manum ejus sua jura sibi conservent illi qui modo tenent teneant in pace quam diu mansuerint in fidelitate Regis Angliae fideliter integre persolverint tributum alia jura sua quae ei deben● per manum Regis Conaciae salvo in omnibus jure honore Domini Regis Angliae suo 2. Et si qui ex eis Regi Angliae ei rebelles fuerint tributum alia jura Regis Angliae per manum ejus solvere noluerint a fidelitate Regis Angliae recesserint ipse eos justitiet amoveat si eos perse justitiare non poterit Constabularius Regis Angliae familia sua de terra illa juvabunt cum ad hoc faciendum quum ab ipso fuerint requisiti ipsi viderint quod necesse fuerit propter hunc finem reddet predictus Rex Conaciae Domino Regi Angliae tributum singulis annis scilicet de singulis decem animalibus unum co●ium placabile mercatoribus tam de tota terra sua quam de aliena 3. Excepto quod de terris illis quas Dominus Rex Angliae retinuit in dominio suo in dominio Baronum suorum nihil se intromittet Scilicet Duvelina cum pertinentijs suis Midia cum omnibus pertinentijs suis sicut unquā Murchart Wamai Leth Lachlin eam melius plenius tenuet aut aliqui qui eam de eo tenuerint Et excepta Wesefordia cum omnibus pertinentijs suis scilicet cum tota Lagenia excepta Waterf cum tota terra illa quae est a Waterf usque ad Dungarvan ita ut Dungarvan sit cum omnibus pertinentijs suis infra terram illam 4. Et si Hibernenses illi qui aufugerint redire voluerint ad terram Baronum Regis Angliae redeant in pace reddendo tributum predictum quod alij reddunt vel faciendo antiqua servitia quae facere solebant pro terris suis et hoc sit in arbitrio Dominorum suorum et si aliqui eorum redire noluerint Domini eorum et Rex Conaciae accipiat obsides ad omnibus quos ei Cōmisit Dominus Rex Angliae ad voluntatem Domini Regis et suam et ipse dabit obsides ad voluntatem Domini Regis Angliae illos vel alios et ipsi servient Domino de Canibus et Avibus suis singulis annis de presentis suis et nullum omnino de quacunque terra Regis sit retinebunt contra voluntatem Domini Regis Hijs testibus Richardo Episcopo Wintoniae Gaufrido Episcopo Eliensi Laurentio Duvelinensi Archepiscopo Gaufrido Nicolao et Rogero Capelanis Regis Guilelmo Comit. Essex et aliis multis Moreover at that Parliament the King gave an Irishman named Augustine the Bishopricke of Waterford which was then voyd and sent him unto Ireland with Laurence the Archbishop of Dublin to be consecrated of Donatus Archbishop of Cashill Anno 1176. Bertran de Verdon founded the Monastery of Crokisdan As Reimond marcheth towards Leinster newes came unto him from the Lady Basilia his wife that Strangbow was dead the which hee concealed with good countenance and called a secret councell of the wiser sort and trustiest friends how to dispose of the State of the Land afore the Irish were acquainted therewith it was agreed upon for that the enemy were many the forces but few they should strengthen all their holds upon the Sea cost untill the K. pleasure were further knowne and withdraw the midland garrisons to supply and compleat the same And among others they thought good to take the garrison out of Lymerik and deliver the Towne to the charge of Donald Obrien of Thomond Prince of Lymericke he being sent for came in poast understanding Reimonds pleasure was the gladdest man that might bee and undertooke the charge Viz. to keepe the Towne to the Kings use and at his pleasure to re-deliver it as also in the meane time to keepe the peace this he undertooke with Corporall oathes and solemne vowes and thereupon delivered hostages But the Englishmen were no sooner over the one end of the Bridge but Donald broke the other end and set fire in the foure quarters of the Towne saying there shall no English race rest here any longer This they beheld with their eyes to their no small griefe of mind Cambrensis inveyeth against this Donald Obrien calling him traitour wicked impudent perfidious perjured and what not This was in Anno one thousand one hundred seventy seven Earle Strangbow left behinde one daughter of tender yeeres and lyeth buried in the Church of the blessed Trinity in Dublin over against the Pulpit in the body of the Church whose exequies Laurence O Toole Archbishop of Dublin did solemnize with great reverence whereupon the King sent into Ireland William Fitz Adelme to be his

all be amended Therfore now you may come unto that generall reformation which you spake of and bringing in of that establishment by which you said all men should be contained in duty ever after without the terror of warlike forces or violent wresting of things by sharpe punishments Iren. I will so at your pleasure the which me thinkes can by no meanes be better plotted then by ensample of such other Realmes as have beene annoyed with like evills that Ireland now is and useth still to bee And first in this our Realme of England it is manifest by report of the Chronicles and auncient Writers that it was greatly infested with Robbers and Out-lawes which lurking in Woods and fast places used often to breake foorth into the high-wayes and sometimes into small villages to robbe and spoyle For redresse whereof it is written that King Alured or Aldred did divide the Realme into Shires and the Shires into Hundreds and the Hundreds into Lathes or Wapentackes and the Wapentackes into Tythings So that tenne Tythings make an Hundred and five made a Lathe or Wapentake of which tenne each one was bound for another and the eldest or best of them whom they called the Tythingman or Borsolder that is the eldest pledge became surety for all the rest So that if any one of them did start into any undutifull action the Borsolder was bound to bring him forth who joyning eft-soones with all his Tything would follow that loose person thorough all places till they brought him in And if all that Tything fayled then all that Lathe was charged for that Tything and if that Lathe fayled then all that Hundred was demaunded for them and if the Hundred theh the Shire who joyning eft-soones together would not rest till they had found out and delivered in that undutifull fellow which was not amesnable to Law And heerein it seemes that that good Saxon King followed the counsell of Iethro to Moyses who advised him to divide the people into Hundreds and to set Captaines and wise men of trust over them who should take the charge of them and ease of that burthen And so did Romulus as you may read divide the Romanes into Tribes and the Tribes into Centuries or Hundreths By this ordinance this King brought this Realme of England which before was most troublesome unto that quiet State that no one bad person could stirre but he was straight taken holde of by those of his owne Tything and their Borsholder who being his neighbor or next kinsman were privie to all his wayes and looked narrowly into his life The which institution if it were observed in Ireland would worke that effect which it did in England and keep all men within the compasse of dutie and obedience Eudox. This is contrary to that you said before for as I remember you said that there was a great disproportion betweene England and Ireland so as the lawes which were fitting for one would not fit the other How comes it now then that you would transfferre a principall institution from England to Ireland Iren. This law was not made by the Norman Conqueror but by a Saxon King at what time England was very like to Ireland as now it stands for it was as I tolde you annoyed greatly with Robbers and Out-lawes which troubled the whole state of the Realme every corner having a Robin Hood in it that kept the woods and spoyled all passengers and Inhabitants as Ireland now hath so as me thinkes this ordinance would fit very well and bring them all into awe Eudox. Then when you have thus tythed the Communalty as you say and set Borsolders over them all what would you doe when you came to the Gentle-men would you holde the same course Iren. Yea marry most especially for this you must know that all the Irish almost boast themselves to be Gentlemen no lesse then the Welsh for if he can derive himselfe from the head of any Sept as most of them can they are so expert by their Bardes then hee holdeth himselfe a Gentleman and thereupon scorneth to worke or use any hard labour which hee saith is the life of a Peasant or Churle But thenceforth becommeth either an horse-boy or a Stocah to some Kerne inuring himselfe to his weapon and to the gentlemanly-trade-of stealing as they count it So that if a gentleman or any wealthy man Yeoman of them have any Children the eldest of them perhaps shall be kept in some order but all the rest shall shift for themselves and fall to this occupation And moreover it is a common use amongst some of their Gentlemens sonnes that so soone as they are able to use their Weapons they straight gather to themselves three or foure straglers or Kearne with whom wandring a while up and downe idlely the Countrey taking onely meate hee at last falleth unto some bad occasion that shall be offered which being once made knowne hee is thenceforth counted a man of worth in whome there is courage whereupon there draw to him many other like loose young men which stirring him up with incouragement provoke him shortly to flat Rebellion and this happens not onely sometimes in the sonnes of their Gentle-men but also of their Noble-men specially of them who have base Sonnes For they are not onely not ashamed to acknowledge them but also boaste of them and use them to such secret services as they themselves will not be seene in as to plague their Enemyes to spoyle their Neighbours to oppresse and crush some of their owne too stubburne Free-holders which are not tractable to their wills Eudox. Then it seemeth that this ordinance of tithing them by the pole is not onely fit for the Gentle-men but also for the Noble-men whom I would have thought to have beene of so honourable a minde as that they should not neede such a kinde of being bound to their allegiance who should rather have held in and stayde all the other from undutifulnesse then neede to bee forced thereunto themselves Iren. Yet so it is Eudoxus but because that Noble-men cannot be tythed there being not many tythings of them and also because a Borsolder over them should be not onely a great indignitie but also a danger to adde more power to them then they have or to make one the commander of tenne I holde it meeter that there were onely sureties taken of them and one bound for another whereby if any shall swerve his sureties shall for safe-guard of their Bonds either bring him in or seeke to serve upon him and besides this I would wish them all to bee sworne to her Majestie which they never yet were but at the first creation and that Oath would sure contayne them greatly or the breach of it bring them to shorter vengeance for God useth to punish perjurie sharpely So I reade that there was a corporall Oath taken in the raignes of Edward the Second and of Henry the Seventh when the times were

the Englishe Gentlemen in Vlster as the lacke of vvalled townes is also the principall occasion of the rudenesse and wildenesse in other partes of Ireland This Savage having prepared an army against the Irish allowed to every Souldiour before he buckled with the enemy a mighty draught of Aquavitae Wine or old Ale and killed in provision for their returne beeffes venison and foule great plenty which diverse of his Captains misliked considering the successe of warre to be uncertaine esteemed it better pollicy to poyson the cates or to doe them away then to cherish a sort of Catives with princely foode If ought should happen to themselves in this adventure of so few against so many Hereat smyled the Gentleman and said Tush yee are too full of envy this world is but an Inne whereunto you have no speciall interest but are onely tennants at the will of the Lord. If it please him to commaund us from it as it were from our lodging to set other good fellowes in our roomes what hurt shall it be for us to leave them some meate for their suppers let them hardly winne it and weare it If they enter our dwellings good manners would no lesse but to welcome them with such fare as the country breedeth and with all my heart much good may it doe them Notwithstanding I presume so farre upon your noble courage that verily my minde giveth me that wee shall returne at night and banquet our selves with our owne store and so they did having slaine 3000. Irishmen Morrice Fitz Thomas Earle of Desmond Lord Iustice during life whom followed Sir Thomas Rokesbye a knight sincere and upright of conscience who being controlled for suffering himselfe to be served in wooden Cuppes Answered these homely Cuppes and dishes pay truely for that they containe I had rather drinke out of wood and pay gold and silver then drinke out of gold and make wooden payment Almericus de Sancto Amando Iames Butler Earle of Ormond and Morrice Fitz Thomas Earle of Kildare Iustices of Ireland by turnes To this last the Kings letters appointed in yearely fee for his office 500. pounds with promise that the said governour should finde twenty great horse to the field and should bee the tvventieth man in going out against the enemy vvhich allovvance and conditions at these dayes I thinke vvere ordinary Leonell the third sonne of Edward the third Duke of Clarence and in the right of his wife Earle of Vlster Lord Lieutenant of Ireland He published an inhibition to all of Irish birth that none of them should approach his army nor be imployed in service of the warres Obrene he vanquished suddainely but no man wist how an hundred of his principall Souldiours in garrison were missed whose dispatch that seditious decree was thought to have procured wherefore hee advised himselfe and united the people shewing alike fatherly care towards them all and ever after prospered Knights he created these Gentlemen the worthiest then in Chivalry and at this day continuing in great worship Preston now the house of Gormanstowne Holywood Talbot Cusacke Delahide Patricke Robert and Iohn de Fraxinis The exchequer he removed to Catherlagh and bestowed in furnishing that towne 500. pounds Gerald Fitz Morice Earle of Desmond Lord Iustice untill the comming of VVilliam de VVindsore Lieutenant to the King then in the last yeare of Edward the third ruling the realme under the name of Lord Governour and keeper of Ireland ¶ At the yeare 1370. all the Notes written by Flatsbury doe end and from hence to this day nothing is extant orderly gathered the rest I have collected out of sundry monuments authorityes and pamphlets During the raigne of Richard the second Lieutenants and Iustices of Ireland are specially recorded the two Mortimers Edmund and Roger Earles of March Phillip Courtney the kings cousin Iames Earle of Ormond and Robert Vere Earle of Oxford Marquesse of Divelin and Lord Chamberlaine who was created Duke of Ireland by Parliament and was credited with the whole Dominion of the Realme by graunt for tearme of life nothing paying therefore passing all writs all offices as Chancellor Treasurer Chiefe Iustice Admirall his owne Lieutenant and other inferiour charges under his own Teste The meane while King Richard afflicted impatiently with the decease of Queene Anne his wife nor able without many teares to behold his pallaces and chambers of Estate which represented unto him the solace past and doubled his sorrow sought some occasion of businesse and visited Ireland where diverse Lords and Princes of Vlster renewed their homage and he placing Roger Mortimer his Lieutenant returned quietly but within foure yeares after informed of the trayterous death of Mortimer whom he loved entirely and being wonderfull eager in hastening the revenge thereof upon the Irish he journeyed thither the second time levied infinite subsidies of money by penall exactions and with his absence as also with those injuries fed the hatred and opportunity of conspiratours at home for Henry Duke of Lancaster intercepted the Kingdome whose sonne with the Duke of Glocesters sonne King Richard shut up in the Castle of Trim and then shipped course into England tooke land at Milford Haven found his defence so weake and unsure that to avoide further inconvenience and perill of himselfe and his friends he condiscended to resigne the Crowne CAP. VII The house of Lancaster Henry the fourth Henry the fift Henry the sixt ALexander Bishop of Meth Lieutenant of Ireland under Thomas Lancaster the Kings brother so was also the worshipfull Knight Sir Stephen Scroope whom for his violence and extortion before used in the same office under King Richard the common voyce and out-cry of poore people damned This report hearing the Lady his wife she would in no wise assent to live in his company there but if he sware a solemne oath on the Bible that wittingly he should wrong no Christian creature in the land that duely and truely he should see payment made for all expences and hereof she said she had made a vow to Christ so deliberately that unlesse it were on his part firmely promised she could not without perill of her soule goe with him her husband assented and accomplished her boone effectually recovered a good opinion schooled his Caters enriched the country continued a plentifull house remissions of great fines remedyes for persons endamaged to the Prince pardons of lands and lives he granted so charitably and discreetely that his name was never uttered among them without many blessings and prayers and so cheerefully they served him against the Irish that in one day he spoyled Arthur Mac Murrough brent his country restored O-Carrol to the towne of Callane with-held by VValter Burke slew a multitude of Kerneghes and quieted Leinster Not long before the Major of Divelin Iohn Drake with his band out of the Citty had slaine of the same Irish Outlawes 400. In this Kings raigne