set up another and from thence all their Subjects are absolved from their Oaths of Allegeance c. they must believe it having never read St. Peter though claimed for their own peculiar Apostle from whose pretended Supremacy they usurp theirs who as if he had foreseen the abuse they would put upon his Doctrine more expresly declares the Supremacy in the Civil Magistrate than the other Apostles in his first Epistle ch 2. v. 13. Submit your selves to every Ordinance of Man for the Lords sake whether it be to the King as Supream or unto Governours as unto them that are sent by him c. So St. Paul as if he had foreseen the Apostacy of the Roman Church from their primitive Obedience to the Civil Magistrate is more express in his Epistle to the Romans chapt 13. from the 1st to the 19th vers than to any other Church he writes to saith he Let every Soul be subject to the higher Powers for there is no Power but of God The Powers that be are ordained of God Whosoever therefore resisteth the Power resisteth the Ordinance of God and they that resist shall receive to themselves Damnation So that the Pope and his Clergy must prove they are no Souls before they can prove they are not bound by this Divine Canon for every Soul is required to be subject Object If it be as you say that the Irish Papists in the last bloody Massacre were under no personal provocation to fill them with malice and revenge nor are depraved in principles of Humanity but are of a sociable kind friendly temper and capable of the highest improvements in the liberal Sciences and ingenious Arts whence is it they have so often been treacherous and bloody as their Histories declare If you place all their Faults upon their Religion you might do well to instance what Points of their Religion render them so dangerous c. considering they profess themselves Christians and own the the same God and believe in the same Jesus c. Answ It is not the Religion of the Church of Rome viz. what properly relates to Faith and Worship due to God but the Policies of the State of Rome that render them so incompatible with civil Order and Society multitudes of Christians live safely mixed with Turks and Pagans in Asia and Africa under the Governments of their respective Patriarchs of Constantinople Alexandria Antioch Aethiopia India c. without any dread of Assassinations or Massacres frequent in Popish Countries of whom it may be said as of Manasseh King of Israel they have made Cities and Countries to swim with Blood witness Piedmont Bohemiah France Ireland Belgia c. besides the multitudes destroyed by their unjust Wars in vindication of their usurped Supremacy c. whereby Christendom hath been made an Akeldima and all this from Principles foreign to their own Christianity and novel to their Church as was believed in Gregory the Greats time who exploded the Title of Supremacy c. as Antichristian but I shall respit my more particular Answer to the Supplement at the end of this Treatise whereto I refer all Answers to Objections being not willing to interrupt the argumentative part that it is the Interest of the Irish to promote the Prosperity of the English Protestants in Ireland And having hinted the miserable Desolation and Ruine a weak and feeble English Interest hath encouraged them to bring upon themselves and posterities and the desperate hazards of an utter Extirpation if they should attempt another Rebellion and that an equal Prosperity with their English Neighbours they do and may enjoy if they please I shall close this Chapter with this Repetition that if it be more their Interest to be in safety than in danger to be in equal capacity of Honour and Trust from their Prince with his Protestant Subjects than excluded if it be their Interest to enjoy the Fruit of their Labours and leave their Possessions and Wealth to their Children rather than to have them possess'd by others if it be their Interest to enjoy the hearty good Will and Respects from their Protestant Neighbours rather than their Prejudice arising from their Jealousie and Dread of being massacred robbed and spoyled by them in a word if it be their Interest to secure to themselves and posterities a settled prosperous state rather than to be subject to frequent ruine and destruction then it is their Interest to promote the Prosperity of the English Interest amongst them for whilst that is weak and impotent these things can never be at best not long continue whilst there is a Pope that can not only pardon Rebels and Murderers but also approve and applaud the most barbarous actions as meritorious or a Foreign Popish Prince to encourage and aid them or a Jesuited Priest to instigate them to it If this be the present state of Ireland that the English Interest there hath gained so much ground by the last Act of Settlement c. What now obstructs its progress to that strength and perfection you propose Vide Supplement SECT II. Shewing that above all it is the Interest of the Protestants of Ireland to promote the potency of the English Interest in Ireland IF it be not only the Interest of England but of the Romanists of Ireland to promote the Prosperity and Potency of the English Interest how much more is it the great Interest of all Protestants in Ireland by all lawful and possible means to do it England is obliged more remotely but the Protestants of Ireland more immediate would you not see and feel the miseries of 1641. repeated would you not see your Wives ravish'd and Infants ript out of their Wombs your Daughters deflowred your innocent Babes barbarously murdered before your eyes your stately Buildings in a flame your well improved and planted Estates all laid waste your Princes Authority despised and his Laws rejected your Religion reproached and suppressed as a pestilent Heresie c. I say if these and the like dismal calamities be worth the avoiding then let nothing in your power be omitted tending to the promotion and security of a potent English Interest which nothing will so naturally effect as a vigorous propagation of Trade and Manufacture it is not your building stately Houses nor the draining planting and stocking your Land with the best English Corn and Cattel c. will do it your 41. Experience may convince you all that may be immediately surprised and destroyed by your Enemies and put them in a capacity to maintain a destructive War against you but the well planting our Wall Towns and erecting them where they are wanting and keeping them in a posture of defence by their own Militia's which will be ready Receptacles to the English Families dispersed in the Country adjacent and by the aid of the Country Militia's able to imbody against an Enemy that would fortifie the English Interest and this may be easily effected without much charge to the King or Country by
evidence the authentickness of this opinion by the practice of our Princes since the Conquest p. 122 to 156 A Copy of the present Establishment of Ireland p. 156 to p. 162 A Table for reducing Plantation-Acres into English c. p. 162 163 The establishment of the Subsidies of Ireland p. 164 to 172 CHAP. VI. On Coins IN answer to this Question whether it be advisable to enhance the Value or debase the Alloy of the currant Money of Ireland p. 137 to 188 The Contents of the Supplement p. 181 SECT I. THe Objection answered If the Government of Ireland by its own Members be of so great advantage to the Trade and Wealth of Ireland why was it no more advanc'd under the Lords Justices and Duke of Ormond in their nine years Government p. 181 to 190 Sect. 2. Answering the Objection p. 93 What those Popish Principles are that make them so desperately dangerous to humane Society 1. Not the Religion of their Church relating to Worship but the Policies of their State respecting Government p. 193 194 Their Principles inconsistent with humane Society abstracted p. 195 196 to 199 Their Principles of Treason and Rebellion c. collected p. 200 to 203 The Comment or Gloss made on their inhumane rebellious Principles by their own Authors p. 204 to 207 Since all these wicked Principles have attended the Popes pretended Infallibility and Supremacie from whence did they proceed Answered 1. Negatively not from Christ nor his Apostles nor from the ancient Fathers nor Councels p. 208 209 2. Positively from Vsurpation Treachery and Rebellion p. 210 SECT II. Shewing the Original of their bloody Principles p. 211 The Jesuits first adopted them who are charactered by the locusts prophecied of to ascend out of the Bottomless-pit Rev. 9 p. 211 212 No other Votaries or Orders of Friars c. answers the description p. 213 The design of their Institution by the Pope was to manage his Treasons c. against Princes p. 214 SECT III. Shews that no Authority but the Pope and his Illegal Council of Trent ever confirm'd their Institution p. 214 The Illegality of the Council of Trent proved p. 215 216 217 Rome is no Mother-Church nor Mistress of other Churches and why p. 218 Rome only hath the Primacy in Apostacie ibid. The testimony of Rome's vile Apostacie from her own Learned and Applauded Authors p. 219 220 221 The bloody work Rome's Apostacy and the Pope's Rebellion against Emperors c. made in Italy p. 222 They enjoyed not the Supremacie until they had so vexed and wearied the Emperors that to stay the stream of blood they kept running in Christendom they permitted them to do what they pleased p. 222 All Papists in Ireland not jesuited Papists p. 222 223 Not only their principles but their persons and Order exploded and banisht bymost Popish Princes and States p. 223 224 SECT IV. Of the natural consequences of their inhumane principles p. 225 They abrogate all Laws of Humanity and Divinity p. 225 226 The iniquity of their principles aggravated by fathering their villanies on innocent persons p. 227 The Popes advantage above all Tyrants in the World to Massacre and Assassinate by his Emissaries in all parts to perform his pleasure p. 228 Instances of their detestable stabbing and poysoning of Princes c. ibid. They have made Temples and Sanctuaries their Slaughter-houses in time of Worship ibid. They have poysoned their Disciples by the Sacramental Wine p. 229 What vitious men many of their infallible Popes have been ibid. Like Popes like Preists like Priests like People p. 230 SECT V. Shews their Tyrannical practice since they usurpt the Supremacy p. 231 Instances of Emperors and Princes Excommunicated Deposed and Destroyed by them p. 232 233 Their imperious insultings over mighty Princes submitting to their censurre p. 234 The reason why so many High born Potent Princes have so sordidly subjected themselves to their Tyranny is from Gods judgment upon them p. 235 Princes no sooner become Slaves to the Pope but turn Tyrants over their own Subjects ibid. After his Holiness became his Mightiness he contented not himself to insult over some Christian Princes by the aid of others but brought them all to lay their profane necks under his holy feet by his own power p. 235 236 The Popes cruel project by the Jesuits to have incenst the Turk against the Patriarch of Constantinople and thereby to have destroyed all the Asian Christians that would not own his Supremacy p. 236 237 The saying of Rodulph the Emperor as to the danger of Princes imposing on their Subjects consciences p. 237 Shutting the mouth of Gods Ministers hath usually lifted up the hands of Gods judgments p. 238 The Jesuits bloody work in the West and East-Indies ibid. Of all the Countries in the World England with its Territories hath been the mark the Jesuits have levelled their fiery darts at for 100 years past p. 239 SECT VI. Of the inconsistency of their principles with the just Power and Rights of Temporal Princes p. 140 The most Sovereign Prince under the Popes Jurisdiction more Slaves than any Conquered or Tributary Prince is to the Great Turk instances p. 240 No hereditary Title though of the most ancient Royal Dissent can secure them p. 241 No legal Election c. can do it p. 242 No strength of Arms nor strong Holds can preserve them against their Assassinations p. 243 No Oaths Articles of Peace nor publick Leagues can do it p. 243 244 No Sovereign Prince in the World that either is free or knows how to be so from the Popes Supremacy if not infatuated but would choose it p. 245 Popish Harmonie is only in their Errors Superstitions and Immoralities ibid. Popish Slavery not only Corporal but Spiritual we must believe against reason and sense or be damn'd Hereticks p. 246 Christians must either he Rebels at home or Hereticks at Rome if the Pope and their Prince fall out ibid. We must believe their Blasphemie is Pietie and their Rebellion Loyaltie or be perverse Hereticks instances p. 246 247 The bloody Massacres of Paris and Ireland were perpetrated in Gods name and for Gods Glory and Service p. 246 247 Their most horrid Treasons and Rebellions must be esteemed Loyaltie and for the service of the Prince they rebel against p. 248 to 252 It would be better both for the Papists and Protestants if moral loyal Papists would distinguish themselves from Jesuited Papists p. 352 Vnity in Loyaltie on Civil Interests much more easie and safe than in Religious p. 252 253 The Scripture as positive against Subjects Rebellion on the account of Religion as any one Wickedness there condemn'd p. 254 The Wars betwixt the Protestants of France Germany Belgia c. against their Princes was not primarily for Religion but what p. 255 The difference betwixt Papists and Protestants in their claims of liberty of Conscience p. 255 No vengeance of God upon Popish Persecutors will restrain them instances p. 256 257 SECT
Principles nay against the common Law of Nature and Nations such as render humane Society more dangerous than brutish who prey not on nor devour those of their own kind but rather unite their strength in common dangers for common safety In the stating of which I shall observe this method 1. Propose the Principles themselves and shew you what they are and how esteemed by their own Authors 2. To observe their original from whence they proceed 3. The Authority by which they are approved and confirmed and by whom rejected and condemned 4. Their natural Consequences what they must produce 5. The actual or practical Operation of them what Work they have already done in the world 6. Their Inconsistency with the just Power of Princes and States c. 7. Shall give give some Reasons why it is not only the Duty but the Interest of the Irish Papists to reject and explode them above all other Papists in the world First Sect shews what those Principles are that are so incompatible with humane Society and civil Peace It may be said of them as the unclean Spirit replied to Christ Mark 15. they are legions the detection and rejection of which hath engaged many of our Protestant Authors to write many great Volumes to conâ—ute them as Dr. Fulk Willet Field Jewell c. and later Chillingworth Stillingfleet Poole and of Ireland Bishop Usher Bramhall Taylor c. with several of our dissenting Divines as Mr. Baxter c. besides many German and French Protestant Doctors But to avoid prolixity I shall chiefly observe what is asserted by the Author of the Mystery of Jesuitism Mystery of Jesuitism p. 296. who is so thorough a Papist that he asserts the Church of Rome to be the only true Church out of which there is no Salvation and therefore his Testimony and the Doctors of Sorbon c. whom he vindicates in their opposition to their Casuists and Schoolmen c. is without exception But that they may be known by their proper names I shall stile them Jesuitical Tridentine Tenents the Jesuits laid the Cockatrice eggs and the Council of Trent hatch'd them into flying Serpents into mortal stinging Scorpions as I shall observe in the 5th Section The first born of this viperous brood was the Popes personal Infallibility which though contended for from Boniface 3. yet was never received nor imposed as an Article of Faith until that illegal Council of Trent but attributed to General Councils only but this was so needful a point without which they could never have attained that one thing necessary the Popes personal Supremacy and of these two Parents were begot that litter of bloody Tenents which as I shall shew Sect. 5. hath since made Christendom an Acheldama or field of Blood 1. Their Doctrine of probable Opinions whereby they may not only reject all Doctrines of Faith c. If two nay if one grave Doctor maintain the grossest Error it is a probable Truth M.J. p. 71. But they thereby justifie the declining all Rules of Morality 1. No man is bound to obey his Superior though the superior Opinion be the more probable nay though just but he may embrace what is most acceptable to himself M.J. p. 78 83. 2. It is lawful to kill a man for a Box o' th' ear either given or offered and to kill an Informer a Witness or Judge if he suspect they will be corrupt pag. 91. 3. To kill a man for the Lye or opprobrious speeches affrontive signs or gestures pag. 94. 4. If a man take our Goods to the value of a Crown it is no sin to kill him pag. 97. 5. If there be reason to suspect a man will disgrace him by opprobrious speeches it is lawful to kill him pag. 97. 6. To kill a Jansenist if he reflect upon their Society much more a Hugonite pag. 98. For the justifying of these Opinions is cited Escober Molina Tanerus Becanus Reginaldus Lay-man Lessius Amicus Filusius Carramuel and other Jesuits 7. Judges may receive Gifts and give their Sentence in a probable Opinion against a more probable Opinion in his own Judgment cited Castro Palata Escober and Layman pag. 103 104. 8. If a man gain an Estate by violence rapine and extortion c. in order to his honorable Subsistance rather than it should be scattered amongst his Creditors he may turn Bankrupt and delude his Creditors with a good Conscience cited Escober Lessius c. pag 108 109. 9. It is lawful nay charitable to direct a Thief about to rob a poor man to quit him and rob a rich man Vasquez Escober c. pag. 109. 10. If a man entreat a Souldier to beat his Neighbour or fire his House that hath offended him he is not obliged to repair him especially in Ireland pag. 109 110. 11. Goods purchased by Crimes as by Murder c. is lawfully possest and the person not obliged to make restitution Escober c. page 112 113. 12. He then asserts the Doctrine of Equivocation and Mental Reservation and how to have a false thing believed for a truth without lying useful to baffle a true and to prove a sham Plot vid. Ursinus p. 197. 13. Saith Sanchez page 129. a man may swear he hath not done a thing he really hath by understanding within hlmself that he did it not on such or such a day or before he was born c. this is a thing of great convenience on many occasions and is always necessary or advantageous p. 130. and is absolutely necessary when confessing the truth would discover Plots against Heretical Princes c. or any ways reflect on the Catholick Cause 14. Promises oblige not when a man hath no intention to engage himself when he makes them p. 130. this is a probable Opinion for more than two grave Doctors assert it 15. A man may lawfully deflower a Virgin if she consent provided he direct his intention aright to pass for a Gallant c. though the Father hath just cause to be troubled at it yet neither she nor the person to whom she prostitutes her self is guilty of sin and lest any bold Heretick should presume to question the truth of this necessary Point they give this reason for it For the Maid is in possession of her Virginity as well as her Body she may dispose of it as she pleases and to whom she pleases p. 132. A necessary Doctrine for the better keeping the Vow of Chastity 16. Saith Escober p. 134. a wicked intention as haply looking on a Woman with an impure desire joyn'd with that of hearing Mass as a man oft hinders not a man from fully performing the duty especially in Venus Temple 17. That an Ecclesiastick surprised in Adultery by the Womans Husband may lawfully kill him in his own defence saith Escober Ad M.J. p. 94. The merit of the Murder is to expiate the sin of
the veneration to the Divine Precepts of St. Peter Paul c. that Heathens gave to the Moral Precepts of Seneca Socrates and Plutarch Preciseness would not be the Reproach and Prophaneness the Applause of these last and worst times of this doting old World as it is saith the deservedly admired Orinda For since it s grown in fashion to be bad And to be vain or angry proud or mad While in their Vices only men agree Is thought the only modern Gallantry How would some brave Examples check the Crimes And both reproach and yet reform the Times But however Romantick Fancies and Composers of Plays are now admired by a Generation of men who are like those Boys that are fond of their play but hate their Books yet Inventers and Improvers of manual Arts have ever been esteemed the Patrons of the Honor and Wealth of their Country by all that esteem publick profit before private pleasure Sir it is not the Art of the Tradesman but the Knowledge of the Statesman I recommend to your Study For though it be not necessary your Lordship should understand when Leather is well tanned or Wool well ordered or Flesh and Fish with their products well saved nor when Cloth Stuff is true made yet it is very convenient your Noble Self and others like to be concerned with you in State Affairs should be acquainted how much the right Managing those lesser matters tends to the Credit and Wealth of your Country and that the Labour of the poor when rightly improved produceth greater Wealth to a Country than the Revenue of the rich as is evident in the Chapter of Manufactures And as your Lordship may be eminently serviceable herein in your publick station when you come to be a Chief Minister of State so at present by your leading Example in being the chief Member of that honourable Society proposed for curing all our Mercantile maladies in the Chapter of Corporation-Trade few sober young Gentlemen but would esteem it their Honour as well as their Interest to be ingaged with you in a work so beneficial to their Country and convenient to themselves for it is the Glory of Princes and Nobles to imbarque themselves in Designs for the publick Weal of their Country wherein your Lordship hath Royal as well as Noble examples in the members of the African and Canary Companies at London c. and it is recorded to the Honor of the Lord Chancellor Cromwel after his grateful Requital of his old Friend Francis Friscobald a decayed Banker of Florence that he highly importuned him to stay and erect a new Bank in London offering to go a share with him to the value of 60000 Duckats a considerable Sum in those times And this work of improving Ireland in Trade and Manufactures seems to be reserved for the Age your Lordship is to act your part on the publick Stage for as I demonstrate in the first Chapter Ireland was never capable of it until the year 1660. and since then many hopeful Attempts have miscarried for want of discerning the Defects in their Foundation for which Experience since then hath supplied Remedies which this little Book proposes that as your most Illustrious Grandfather hath had the Honor to regulate and settle the real Estates of this Kingdom a work of that weight and difficulty few Heads or Hands but his own could have performed so to the general satisfaction of all the different opposite Interests so will it probably be your Lordships work to build upon that well laid Foundation by improving the personal Estates of Irelands Inhabitants which nothing but the propagating its Trade and Manufactures can do and that is a Work will prosper in no hand but that of Interest as is asserted in the Chapter of Irelands Interest in its own Government and none will question but your Lordship hath the greatest Interest in Irelands Prosperity of any Subject in the Kings Dominions and as your Interest so your natural Genius if your observes mistake not inclines you to Seriousness a temper this frothy age needs your example in and it is hop'd by them that love you it is not only the gravity of your paternal Education and Example but the power of your own innate solid Humour that hath preserved you to this age so spotless wherein too many young Noblemen are ignobly vicious to the reproach of their Dignities titular Honour abstracted from Vertue is but the shadow of Greatness vertuous and heroick Actions are the substance of it Juvenal fol 279. Is there in Greatness so much good as will But only serve to counterpoise the ill Each Crime is so conspicuously base As he that sins is great in Birth or Place Herbert But who will honour him that 's Honours shame Noble in nothing but a noble Name Honour consists in VVorth not Blood The Great weigh nothing if not good The men whose Vertue is thir Birth Have been the greatest men on Earth Which Campion in his Epistle to Robert Earl of Leicester the Darling of his Princess and Glory of his Country in his time affirms having enumerated the excellent Qualifications of his Mind and loveliness of his Deportment saith these are indeed the Kernels that shine through the Shell of your Nobility this is the Sap that preserves the Bark of your noble Tree these are the Substance that make you worthy of those Ornaments wherewith you are attir'd c. therein placing the worth of this great Statesman not in his high Birth or glittering Titles which were even of the highest Dignities at Court but in his noble and vertuous Qualities shining through the glass of titular Dignities vitious great ones are apt to measure their own Fame by their own Shadows and by the Flatteries of Sicovants about them when the better such speak of them the worse the vertuous think of them as a good man once said Lord what evil have I done that this wicked man praiseth me the judicious will not judge of others so much by their personal Carriage as by their Company when we observe the Ravens and Crows are gathered together croaking we conclude there is Carrion neer that place it is the unhappiness of vicious Potentates to have all the Beasts Birds of prey following them by their ill scent and to have swarms of Flesh-flies buzzing their praise as if every vice were a vertue but it is determined by a more unchangeable decree than that of the Medes and Persians that the Name of the wicked shall rot Prov. 10.7 Histories acquaint after ages with their Vices as well as Vertues and tell the world what cruel Tyrants the Nimrods Pharaohs Herods c. What gross Idolaters Ahab Manasses c. Nay prophane Histories penned by Heathens record to posterity what beastly Drunkards c. Great Alexander and his valiant Captains were that his Darling Ephestion and soon after himself drunk themselves dead whilst young What effeminate leacherous Sots Sardanapalis Galba c. What traitorous Villains to
Bishop Usher in his Speech to the Assemblies of the States of Ireland April 1627 asserts this opinion that it is the Intereâ—â— of the Papists to promote the potency 〈◊〉 the English Interest in Ireland p. 77 to 80 Henry the 4 th of France refuseth but Phâ—lip of Spain accepts of the Donation 〈◊〉 Ireland from the Pope The Spaniarâ— never throve since p. 77 Bishop Usher's Prophecy of dismal times 〈◊〉 come on the Protestants by the Papists yet though sharp will be but short p. 81 82 The English great Plenty and Debaucheriâ— made them ripe for destruction p. 82 A hint of the most barbarous Tortures anâ— inhumane Cruelties of the Irish upon thâ— naked secure English p. 82 83 The excellent natural temper of the Irish evidenceth that the barbarous Crueltieâ— proceeded from the bloody Principles infused into them by their Priests p. 85 86. Their observation of the weakness of the English as to Arms their great Encouragement to rise p. 85 The Dismal destruction God brought on the Irish by the Sword Plague and Famine p. 87 88 The most sober of the Irish approved this Notion in the year 1651 1652. that it is their interest to promote the Potency of the English Interest p. 88 All Irish Papists are not infected with Jesuitical bloody Principles but many of them good Subjects and good Neighbours p. 89 It is the interest of the Irish Papists in any capacity to live to promote the English Interest to that Potency as all attempts to disturb it might appear irrational and desperate p. 90 It would encourage their Industry in Planting and Trading p. 90 It would incline the the most sober Papists to enquire into the differences about Religion if from under the dread of the Potency of the Popish Clergie p. 91 Their ignorance of the Scriptures the reason of their Errors p. 92 The novelty of the rebellious bloody Principles rejected by the ancient Roman-Church above 600 years after Christ p. 93 94 The equal Peace and Prosperity Honour and Trust Love and Friendship Irish Papists not Jesuited might enjoy if they would secure the English against the fear of Massacres c. p. 94 95 Sect. the second p. 96. asserts it above all other the Protestants of Ireland are obliged to promote the Potency of the English Interest there But in regard through mistake the Pages are not figured I can only refer to the supposed Letter of the Alphabet which the Reader may soon perform with his Pen. The Argument to secure themselves against the miseries of 41. being repeated p. 96. 1st Expedient to plant our Wall'd-Towns and erect new where needed to be done without charge by Manufacturies p. A. 2. To Institute Laws against single life with the reasons p. A. B. C. 3. Above all other Expedients to endeavour a right understanding betwixt all Protestants sound in Fundamentals c p. C. Bishop Bramhall's opinion concerning Criminal Schism p. E. Bishop Bramhall Taylor Sanderson and Hall c. differ from our fiery Zealots who esteem all Separations Criminal Schism and more sinful than Drunkenness Swearing Whoring c. it is the Jesuits not the Protestant Divines opinion p. F. The sober Dissentors agree with the Church in all Fundamentals both Positive and Negative p. F. and G. They maintain not only Internal but External Communion with the establish'd Church in all Essentials p. G. The Jews had their several Sects yet all esteemed Israelites while they adhered to Moses Law The German Lutherans and Calvinists more differ yet esteem each other Protestants p. H. It is a preposterous Zeal like Hell hot without light that makes different Opinions different Religions saith Bishop Bramhall p. E. The Papists who glory much in their Vnity are much more divided in Doctrine c. and yet esteem each other Catholicks p. H. I. If the Protestant Dissenters were as malignant against the Church as the Papists yet they could not be dangerous p. I. K. L. Irrational for Dissenters Papists or others to expect protection from a Prince oâ— State to whom they will not give aâ— Security in their power for their Loyalty p. L. M. Dissenters ought to avoid all occasions 〈◊〉 appearing or being engaged in any Fâ—ction in a State or reflecting on the Râ—ligion established asserted from Scripture Instances p. M. N. O. Errors in Schism more sinful than Error in Conformity p. O. P. The Authors Apologie for his Essay to Vnâ—on with his reasons how much the safeâ— and prosperity in Trade and Wealth dâ—pend on it p. Q. R. CHAP. III. ASSerts Irelands Interest in its own Government in what cases excepted p. 96 97 â—he most expeditious and effectual way to secure and plant Ireland with English is by the Armies and how to be managed p. 97 98 â—he neglect thereof the ruine of the English the last Massacre p. 98 〈◊〉 what cases by the Civil list c. Preferments Ireland may be advantaged by sending persons from England p. 99 â—hat reason of State there was heretofore to Govern Ireland by Ministers of State out of England c. are ceast now p. 100 101 â—easons why persons unacquainted with the humour and state of Ireland cannot so well secure its Peace nor promote its Prosperity as its own Members p. 102 to 114 â—hat are the discouragements to persons in England from setling upon their Estates in Ireland p. 105 106 â—esidents both ancient and modern of Princes c. Governing their Tributary Provinces by their own Princes and Nobles p. 107 It hath been the practice of the Kings of England since the Conquest to Govern Ireland by Interested Persons p. 108 109 Cases excepted when England had reason to send over persons disinterested but are all now removed p. 110 111 The Duke of Ormond hath enjoyed the longest Regency and undergone the greatest difficulties of any Vice-Roy since the Conquest and why p. 112 113 His Loyalty not only applauded by the King c. but his Service in Ireland approved by the English Parliament who offered him great rewards if he would have accepted of them p. 113 Mr. Spencer of my opinion p. 114 So Giraldus Cambrensis p. 115 So Sir Hen. Wooten p. 107 The Objection answered why I term English Protestants aliens to Irelands Interest p. 115 116 117 The case of the English in Ireland differs from all other Tributary Countreys they being not the Conquered but the Conquerors by vertue of whose blood and the blood of their Ancestors Ireland was subjected to the Crown p. 118 They are more obliged to secure the interest of the Crown than that is to protect them ibid. 1000 men raised in Ireland worth 2000 fresh-men brought from England for that service ibid. The sufferings themselves and their Progenitors have undergone deeply engageth them to be true to and resolute in defence of the English Interest above all others p. 119 Spencer of the same opinion p. 120 So Livy p. 121 A Catalogue of the Lord Lieutenants c. in two Columns to
Separation Wherein is prov'd from undeniable matter oâ— Fact and Reason that Separation from the Church of England is in the judgment of Papists and by sad experience found the most compendious way to introduce Popery and ruine the Protestant Religion in two Parts Octav by R.W. Interest of Ireland c. THE SECOND PART OF IRELAND'S INTEREST c. Proposing Expedients for Ireland's Relief against its Trade-obstructing and Wealth-consuming Maladies hinted in the First Part. CHAP. I. Of Banks and Corporation Trade I joyn them together not that it is necessary in Countreys qualified to manage them distinct but where Members and Stock is wanting they are very consistent in the same hands to be managed by the same united Stocks and Policies BAnks are of divers kinds designed for several uses but still aiming at the same end which is gain either to the State or particular Persons together with such credit to their Bills that they become current in all places and to all persons where and to whom assigned These Banks sometimes consist of particular persons but usually Societies as the Chamber of London Banks of Amsterdam and Venice c. Some of which chiefly designs Exchange as Placentia in Italy Lions in France others Usury as Genoa c. others both for the publick and private benefit in increasing Trade securing and employing Orphans Widows and helpless people to money c. Bodin * p 672. observes that in Florence Siana c. they had their Banks nam'd Mounts of Piety wherein he that would deposite any Sum at the Birth of a Daughter should receive ten times so much when they arriv'd at the age of eighteen years where also Poor men might borroâ— Money upon Pawns at low interest to prevent excessive Usuries whereby the poor were opprest and that Antonius Pius and Servius c. delivered the publick Money in the Treasury to industrious men to imploy in Trade on Pawns or other good security whereby the Merchant gained by Traffick and the publick Moneys increased by Interest besides saith he a greater benefit did arise the publick Treasure was preserv'd from the paws of Thieves and Horse-leeches at the Court and from being otherwise wasted by the Princes prodigality But I shall only treat of Banks as they relate to Trade and Commerce and become useful to others by accident Sometimes Banks are erected from the plenty of Money in places not capable of Trade or where persons are not willing to adventure in Trade and so employ their Money at Usury or Exchange to foreign places as Genoa Placentia and most of the Banks in Italy which are the greatest and ancientest Banks in the World Heylin observes the King of Spain was indebted to the Bank of Genoa a Tun and a half of Gold at one time and eighteen millions at another But since their case is not like to be Irelands I shall only insist upon Banks for the supply of the want of Money which may properly be called a Land or dry Bank yet not wholly without Money but like some Merchants who with a small Stock and large Credit will drive a great Trade This sort of Bank must be founded upon undoubted visible Credit that all persons who have Money to spare may covet to lodge it there rather than in any other place having the knowledge of the Solvent Capital for their security and the great Credit upon which the whole success of their Bank depends it being with them as with some Merchants that are not so much concerned to have twenty Bonds sued as one Bill of Exchange protested From whence it is the Rich in Holland are as glad to get their Money secur'd in Banks or Cantors as the Poor are to get their Children receiv'd into the Hospitals which our observing Countrey-man Sir William Temple * 229. hath not omitted in his Observations Whosoever is admitted to bring in his Money takes it for a great savour and when they pay off any part of the Principal those it belongs unto receive it with tears Not will what is proposed be found difficult for persons in Ireland of very obscure Capitals might obtain credit both at home and abroad for treble the Goods they take up and how much more then may be done on the Credit of such a Bank especially when we consider how many of our single Bankers or Exchangers have fail'd within these few years to the ruine of some and weakening the Estates of others to this Kingdom damage upwards of 50000 l. besides the scandal it hath brought on the credit of the Countrey that no man knows who to trust or where to lodge Money with security these Bankrupts being as promising hopeful men as most they have left behind them But since there is no security in Ireland can be so solvent and satisfactory as Land-Security other Stocks though never so great may be subject to decay and the Creditor not discern it as hath been too evident in some of the most creditable Companies and chief Bankers in London Yet a Land-security may be so setled by Law as it cannot be weakned in that it will not be in the power of the Bankers in any case to alienate or incumber their Title in those Lands otherwise than by Bank-credit since all are personally and equally concerned therein As for Example Suppose Dublin being the chief Seat of the grand Bank and twenty persons shall secure to each other Lands of 200 Pounds per. ann by Feofment or Statute-staple in trust on Defeasance for Bank-security if any former Settlements or Statutes be they will soon be discerned and there can be no collateral Incumbrance on that Security this will be a Security to a Bank of 4000 Pounds per. ann Lands being worth twelve years purchase within ten miles of the City which will raise a Bank-Security of 48 thousand Pounds And that no place or person might be depriv'd of the benefit hereof every chief Port may likewise have their Banks as Branches or Members of the Principal Bank and take into their Company the neer adjacent places and to hold a weekly correspondence with each other and credit each others Bills or Bank-tickets Nor will such Banks restrain or confine any man from the freedom of Trade for though none have the benefit of the Bank-credit that hath not a Bank-security yet shall they have liberty if they desire it to trade in Company with the Bankers and have equal profit with them proportionably to their respective Adventures and at the end of every voyage liberty to withdraw or continue their Stocks as they shall see cause and chuse the place they will adventure unto and the Commodities they will export or import or else left to trade by themselves as they please by which also all persons that either want knowledge in Trade or scruple Usury c. may imploy their Stocks be they great or small upon equal terms with the Bankers allowing only for Factorage or provision towards the maintenance of the
grows not rich as well as the Country benefited and as the best of Trades may be made bad by too many of the same Faculty in one City so the best expedient for Foreign traffique may be rendred unsuccessful by erecting more Corporations than the commerce of the Country will bear for Traffique like Water runs with the deepest and strongest current when it is by banks reduc'd to a narrower channel and when it begins with Nilus to overflow its banks it is time enough to increase its channels as I shew in the Chapter of the Progress of Trade and from hence it was after London began to gain a further inspection into Foreign traffique they grew so soon weary of the Yeild of the Hance which from the time of our Henr. 3. to Philip and Mary were not only permitted but courted and encouraged in their Commerce with us enjoying great Priviledges and paying small Duties from which time their Customs were enhanced from one to twenty per Cent. the Hance not only complain'd but clamour'd aloud for breach of their ancient Priviledges confirmed unto them by long prescription from thirteen successive Kings of England the which they pretended to have purchased with their Money King Philip undertook to accommodate the business but Qeen Mary dying and he retiring nothing was effected complaints being afterwards made to Queen Elizabeth she answered that as she would not innovate any thing so she would protect them still in the immunities and condition she found them hereupon their Navigation and Traffique was suspended a while which proved very advantagious to the English Merchants for upon this they tryed what they could do themselves herein and their Adventures and Returns proving successful they took the whole Trade into their own hands This so nettled the Hance that they devised all the ways that a discontented people could to draw upon our Staplers the ill opinion of other Nations and States but that proving of too small a force to stop the current of so strong a Trade as they had got footing into though they applied themselves to the Emperor as being a Body incorporated to the Empire and upon complaint obtained Ambassadors to the Queen to mediate the business but they returned still re-insecta hereupon the Queen caused a Proclamation to be published that the Merchants of the Hance should be treated and used as all other Strangers within her Dominions in point of Commerce without any mark of distinction which they so ill resented they quit the Country and so ended the Yeild of the Hance after 200 years flourishing Obj. Is there not a great hazard in this affair to the principle Bankers in the mismanagement of it either for want of skill care or fidelity in its ministerial Officers c. Answ There is no humane affair but is subject to injury a Prince runs some hazard in the choice of his Counsellors and a State in the election of their Senators and since there proceed no Angels from Adam the best of men will be subject to err But this constitution of Corporation-trade is as capable of a solvant rational security as is in the power of man to devise and to that height we never heard nor read it ever failed any Undertakers these 400 years in England or elsewhere but on the contrary as it hath raised many Principalities and States as is before observed from poor and low condition ro great wealth and potency so many particular Families hath it raised from low and mean to worshipful and honourable Ranks for the method of managing this Society gives so clear and full an inspection into its constant state that each of its principle Creditors may inform himself at pleasure by the Comptrollers Books whether its Capital decays or increaseth and what profit or loss the Return of every Ship at the end of her Voyage produceth besides at every Quarter Assembly the Governours c. are to give an account of the whole Transaction since the last Assembly and themselves receive an account every month of the proceed of the Officers and how they observe the Instructions and Institutions of the general Assembly which are always recorded in the Office Then the general Assembly of the original Bankers c. at their annual Meetings have the whole transaction of the year past with its product presented to them fairly ingressed by the Register of which as many of them as desire it may have Copies and at the same Meeting they elect their Governor his Deputy and Counsel of Assistants for the ensuing year and regulate what they find deficient in the last years Transactions and make a new Establishment for the ensuing years Proceed from which the Governor c. must not vary without first summoning a general Assembly and proposing the matter to them at which Assembly the Divident is to be made of the past years Profit which every man may either receive or otherwise have it added to his Capital in Bank and so increase his Stock there So that upon the whole the Stock in Bank is never out of the owners possession nor view but lieth as ready and as visible as his Cash in his own coffer And although the original Bankers cannot withdraw their Stock to the weakening of the grand Capital yet they may assign it to others which the Company will be obliged to accept or otherwise give the same Rate others offer for the Interest so that a Stock in Bank will not be subject to so much hazard as in a Merchants own hands managed by his own Factors or Servants or in a Gentlemans hand managed by his Steward c. in regard few persons are capable of keeping a dayly check upon their private concerns either in respect of capacity or time to perform it Thus having not only proposed the erecting a Corporation who by united Stocks and Councils will propagate and improve the Trade and Wealth of Ireland but also strengthened my Proposition with Examples of all Kingdoms and States flourishing in Trade who have greatly increased their Trade and Wealth thereby and answered such Objections as I conjectured might arise against it I shall only speak of its Method and submit the whole to the consideration of the publick spirited Judicious Object If we were informed at least something of the Method of managing this Bank it might further give satisfaction Answ The Method for managing this Bank c. to be settled by common consent of the original Bankers according to the Rules of the English or Dutch East India Companies or such other Method as they shall agree upon 1. That the Persons to manage this Affair viz. the Governor Deputy and Council of Assistants be annually chosen by the original Bankers who shall be enjoyned to observe such Rules and Methods as shall be given them from time to time â—nd the said Governor and Deputy c. to propose â—nd the general Assembly to approve of their Register Treasurer c. 2. That the Trade
had they been permitted quietly to enjoy this small part they so rightfully possest they had gone no further But instead thereof Roderick King of Connaght then sole Monarch of Ireland raiseth the whole Kingdom to drive out Mac Morrough and his Welshmen upon which he appeals to Strongbow and renewes former contracts who hasts over with about 1200 fresh Men by them wars with the Waterfordians who were in Arms against him took the City and married the Kings Daughter with an assurance of the Reversion of the Kingdom and soon after disperses his Enemies then surrendred all his Conquests to the King who came over with a new Force to secure his Interest which so terrified the Irish that all their Kings and great Lords proffered to to be tributary and swore Allegiance and had they so continued they had felt no farther damages But no sooner was the Kings back turned but they are again up in Arms to disposess the English of what they had so justly atchieved who still subdued them and gained ground of them and obtained Grants of their new Conquests until all the Irish Kings and great Lords were vanquished and their Lands c. possest by the English Victors the Heirs of Ulster and Connaght married to the Kings Subjects whose successive Heirs in process of time were married unto the Royal Family and so their Lands and Honours came Hereditary in the Crown who of right disposed of them at pleasure Now had it not been the Interest as well as the Duty of the Irish to have submitted to their first Concessions Then Dermot Mac Morrough had sustained no wrong his right Heir had enjoyed his Dominion and the rest of the Irish great Lords had enjoyed their particular Rights none pretended to disturb them until constrained in their own defence So if we take a further view of their many Insurrections and perfidious Rebellions since they held their Honours and Lands from the Crown of England it will appear they were tempted to it by the weakness of the English Interest as in times of troubles in England by the Barons Wars and Struggles betwixt the two Roses c. When the Kings of England drew over part of their Army for Ireland some taking one side and some the other which did not only weaken Englands Strength in Ireland but divided what were left into powerful Factions betwixt the great English Lords of Ireland which became the cause of the ruine of that great Family of Desmond with several others of good Rank who though degenerated from their English Civilities yet after they turned Rebels against their Prince they fell wholly off to the Interest Manners and Customs of his and their own former Irish Enemy whereby Ireland was to be new conquered and replanted for the degenerate English were more stubborn Rebels and with more difficulty subdued than the rebellious Natives for although their Minds and Manners were degenerated they had so much English Blood left in their Veins as gave them English Courage and Resolution whereby Tho. Fitz Giralds and Desmonds Rebellions became harder work to subdue than any before them they also receiving great Incouragements and Aids from the Pope and King of Spain upon the account of Religion they became obdurate the same Indulgences that were granted to the Souldiers fighting against the Turk in the holy War being sent them whereby their Consciences were not only released from their Obligations of Allegeance to their Prince but strongly engaged on the behalf of holy Church to extirpate that mad and venemous Doctrine and Hellish Opinion as the Protestant Faith was then termed in a Pamphlet then publish'd intituled A Declaration of the Divines of Salamanca and Vallidolid dispersed through Ireland by O Sullivan a Spanish Priest which with divers other practices of the Irish to shake off the English Government is rehearsed and press'd by that pious Prelate Primate Usher the Glory of the Irish Protestant Church in his elegant Speech to an Assembly of all the States of Ireland April 1627. in which he defends my Assertion that it is the Interest of the Irish to aid and support the Prosperity of the English Interest amongst them and had they had Grace to have believed him some thousands of Irish Families now utterly ruined might have been in a prosperous state And after he had minded them of their traiterous tendering the Regency of Ireland to the French King and upon his refusal to the Spaniard which was by him accepted for although Henry the fourth of France was not Apostate enough to invade his Protestant Neighbours yet Charles the fifth of Spain and his Son Philip were Papist enough to admit the Popes Donation which the Irish obtained for them Title good enough not only to claim Ireland and invade it with several Armies of Italians and Spaniards who landed at Kinsale and Kerry to their cost but also to attempt England by their supposed invincible Armado in 88. but the invincible just God did not only deliver us from their power the Sword destroying his Land Souldiers in Ireland and the Sea swallowing up his Naval Force assayling England but also from that time blasted the Counsels and Successes of that aspiring Monarch that their Fame and Potency hath ever since dwindled away Portugal and the Low Countries soon after revolted and the stately Don who then talk'd and acted as proudly as Monsieur doth now was so far from beeing able to invade his Neighbours he hath been put to his shifts to secure his Hereditary Countries and as old as I am I hope to live to see it the case of Monsieur who though now stiled the most Christian King hath declared himself the most inveterate Enemy to the most Christian Faith and Profession in the Christian World and let but the Defender of the Faith turn his Subjects loose with his Commission in their pockets they would soon covince him of it and let him know that the English Blood that inspired their Ancestors at the Battel of Agincourt c. is boyling hot in their Veins and that Charles the Second may be as dreadful to France as ever was Henry the fifth c. when he pleaseth if our God hath not given us up for our impious provocations to be a prey and a spoil as he did Israel to the Assyrians a bitter and hasty Nation But to return to my Argument that it is the Interest of the Irish Papists to further the Protestant English Interest in Ireland I shall return to my reverend Author saith he They put me in mind of the Philosophers Observations that such who have a vehement respect to a few inferiour things are easily misled to overlook many great things so saith he they have so deep a sense of their present burthen of contributing small matters towards the support of the Kings Army to secure us from foreign Invasions that they overlook all those miserable Desolations that will come upon them by a long and heavy War which the having of an
Army in a readiness may be a means to prevent the lamentable effects said he of the last Wars in this Kingdom doth yet freshly stick in our memories neither can we so soon forget the Depopulation of our Land when besides the combustions of War the extremity of Famine grew so great that the very Women in some places by the way side have surprised the men that rode by to seed themselves with the flesh of the Horse and the Rider and that now again here is a Storm towards wheresoever it will light every wise man will easily foresee which if we be not careful to meet with in time our estate may prove irrecoverable when it will be too late to think of Had I wist Neither may you my Lords and Gentlemen that differ from us in point of Religion imagine that Community of Profession will exempt you more then us from the danger of a common Eenemy what you may expect from a Foreigner you may conjecture by the Answer which the Duke of Medina Sidonia gave in this case in 88. That his Sword knew no difference between a Catholick and a Heretick but that he came to make way for his Master and what kindness they looked for from the Countrymen that were to joyn with them they might judge as well by the carriage which they ordinarily used towards them both in the Court and Colledges abroad as by the Advice not long since presented by them unto the Council of Spain wherein they would not have so much as the Irish Priests and Jesuits that are descended of English Blood to be trusted but would have you and all yours to be accounted Enemies to the Designs of Spain in the Declaration published about the beginning of the Insurrection of James Fitz Morice in the South the Rebels professed it was no part of their meaning to subvert Honorabile Anglorum solium their Quarrel was only against the person of Queen Elizabeth and her Government But now the case is otherwise the translating of the Throne of the English to the power of a Foreigner is the thing that is mainly intended and the re-establishing the Irish in their ancient Possessions which by the valour of our Ancestors were gained from them This saith he you may assure your selves Manet alta mente repositum and makes you more to be hated of them than any other of the English Nation whatsoever The danger thereof being thus common to us all it stands us upon to joyn our best helps for avoiding of it Thus you may see what deep Sentiments this great good man had of Irelands danger many years before that terrible Earthquake in 1641. tumbled down its peace and prosperity into its first Chaos of which this holy Priest became a true Prophet 40 years before the Blow was given in several Sermons preached before the Government yet in print to be read Anno Dom. 1601. from Ezek. 4.6 discoursing concerning the Prophets bearing the Iniquity of Judah 40 days accounting a day for a year he made this direct application in relation to the connivance at Popery at that time From this year saith he will I reckon the Sin of Ireland that those whom you now embrace shall be your ruin and you shall bear this iniquity which fell out exactly true both in point of time and thing he also foretold all the Troubles that befell England both relating to Church and State and lived to see them come to pass accordingly as Dean Bernard who writ his Life and others have observed and also recorded some of his prophetical Expressions near his end of miseries yet to come upon the Church of God as followeth Life of Bp. Usher p. 35. He being asked whether he thought that great Persecution which he had formerly spoken of to fall upon the Protestant Churches were past or yet to come he then turned his eyes towards the face of the enquirer and fixing them there in a strange kind of manner as he used to do when he spake not his own words and when the power of God was upon him said Fool not your self with vain hopes of its being past for I tell you what you have seen is but the beginning of sorrow to that which is to come on all the Protestant Churches which e're long will fall under a sharper Persecution than ever yet they have had upon them and that by the cruel Hands of the Papists On which words Dean Bernard makes this Comment Now howsoever I am as far from heeding of Prophecies this way as any yet with me it is not improbable that so great a Prophet so sanctified from his youth so knowing and eminent throughout the universal Church might have at some special times more than ordinary motions and impulses in doing the Watchmans part of giving warning of Judgments approaching But doubtless the Spirit of that holy man like just Lots righteous Soul was grieved with the filthy conversation of the wicked being well skilled in Divine Astrology might prognosticate from Scripture Constellations that a people like those of Laish who dwell careless quiet and secure when there is no Magistrate to put them to shame for the most scandalous provoking sins Judg. 18.1 Destruction was near when the iniquitys of the Amorites were at the full the Deluge destroyed the old world and were that faithful Watchman now alive to behold a deluge of profess'd Prophaneness and Debauchery committed with a bold contempt of Gods and Mans Laws to see men glory in actions Heathens are ashamed of he would conclude the time of the fulfilling of his Prophecy was near even at the doors But so obdurate were the Irish then against all that could be said or done to oblige them to peace and so stupified were the English by their long peace and great plenty accompanyed with grievous Debauchery nothing could reclaim them but the direfull Judgment of God executed on them by those Irish Sabeans and Chaldeans or rather Cannibals for the first did but spoil Job of his Goods but these eat the Flesh and drunk the Blood of the English in a metaphorical sense as Psalm 14.4 Have the workers of iniquity no knowledge who eat up my people as they eat bread these as the Prophet complains devoured Israel with open mouth and drunk their Blood as sweet Wine So great delight and pleasure did they manifest in the miserable distresses and tortures they put the English under no tongue can express the barbarous inhumane Cruelties committed by them on all Sexes Degrees and Ages that in a few months they destroyed say some one hundred and fifty thousand others two hundred thousand Christians many of whom knew not their right hand from the left and most of them innocent naked people in no capacity to resist nor under the least suspicion of danger many of them presuming upon their old intimate acquaintance and long friendly neighbourhood amongst them would not slee concluding their late familiarity and mutual obligations of kindness could not
Stephen and Miles Cogan Adventurers with Strongbow in the first Attack and possessors of Lands for their Service succeeded him next to them succeeded Hugh de Lacy and Robert le Power both interested persons in Ireland Le Power being then Governor of Waterford and Wexford was possest of a great Estate in those Countries * Cambden of Ireland and Hugh de Lacy marrying the Daughter of Rodorick King of Connaght had a considerable Interest in Ireland by her right the King still approving interested persons fittest to govern Ireland that designing to send over his own Son John he first made him King of Ireland to give him a peculiar Interest in that Kingdom †Hovenden p. 77. from his time being anno Dom. 1185. until Lionel Duke of Clarence 1361. near 200 years that Edward the Third's Son was sent over who by right of his Wife was Earl of Ulster and Lord of Connaght I find Ireland governed for the most part by Butlers of the House of Ormonde Fitz Morris Fitz John Fitz Gerralds c. of the Houses of Kildare and Desmond with Woggans Barrys Powers Bourkes Burminghams c. and in intervals by Dignitaries of the Church or other Ministers of State in Ireland I find very few but either had considerable Interest in Ireland or otherwise settled on them at their sending over or purchased by them in the time of their Service and settled there with their Families In all which time we read of very few Factions until that of Desmond who raised a Dissention betwixt the English of Blood and English of Birth which bred such ill Blood in his own Families Veins as boyled up to the ruine of it afterwards in the Queens days 1583. and from the time of the Duke of Clarence 1361. until 1385. the Earl of Oxford was created Duke of Ireland and Marquess of Dublin at his coming over of Twelve Lord Lieutenants and Deputies c. in that time not above two or three at the most but Butlers Gerralds c. Next Richard the Second sent over Mortymer Lord Lieutenant but first created him Earl of Ulster Lord of Trim Clare and Connaght 1398. from him until the year 1449. I find not above four or five viz. Sir John Stanly Scroop Sutton de Gray c. and they but short times but persons of Ireland viz. Talbots Gerralds and Butlers the later six times in this short space of about fifty years Then was Richard Duke of York being Earl of Ulster Lord of Connaght and Meath by Descent from Lionel Duke of Clarence Lord Lieutenant But for a more distinct Account of Irelands Chief Governours since the Conquest I shall refer the Reader to the ensuing Catalogue as I find it recorded by Borlacy Spencer Campian Hanmer Marlburroughs Hooker c. wherein I have only noted some few remarkable things that happened under some of their Governments designing only a brief Catalogue of both sorts to make good my Position that the Policy of England hath still found it best to govern Ireland by its own Members or persons peculiarly interested in its prosperity But this is observable when Noblemen c. were sent out of England to govern Ireland it was not of choice but rather of necessity as in these and the like cases First to ballance Factions amongst the English Lords of Ireland when their animosities grew so high that Interest of State required a more indifferent Hand at the Helm which proceeded from their great Power ruling their Tenants c. as Soveraign Princes over large Teritories by the Brehon Laws whereby multitudes both of English and Irish more depended upon their Favour than the Kings but that sort of Lordship is utterly extinguished root and branch the greatest Lords of Ireland are as subject to the Kings Laws as the meanest man and the whole Militia of the Kingdom under the Kings immediate Commission and Pay therefore that Reason ceaseth Second Reason was to ballance Factions in the Court of England especially in the Barons Wars and in the Contest betwixt the two Houses of York and Lancaster c. but the two Roses now are not only graffed but so well grown upon one stalk that danger is over Thirdly in times of considerable Rebellions when either of these two Reasons swayed 1. When the Work required persons of greater Experience in Martial Affairs than it it was supposed Ireland afforded but Ireland is now so well furnished with Noble persons of approved Courage and Conduct that it is able to supply England if the Kings Affairs should require it with Officers from the Truncheon to the Halbert to conduct a Royal Army 2. When the great Lords of Ireland were in Factions one against the other especially those of English Race as the Geraldines and Butlers c. which two Houses mantained an inveterate Feud for several Generations yet by turns were chiefly employ'd by Henr. 7th and 8th till the 20th year of the Raign of Henry the Eighth Thomas the Son of Gerrald Earl of Kildare then Prisoner in the Tower broke out into Rebellion from which time the King sent over English Governours during his Life as Skeffington the Lord Gray Brereton St. Leger c. which course his Son Edward the Sixth and both his Daughters Mary and Elizabeth imitated him in for the most part the like King James and Charles the First but the reason thereof must be attributed to the Change or rather Reformation of Religion most of the Noble Families of Ireland capable of chief Trust still adhering to the Roman Superstition and consequently uncapable of promoting a Protestant Interest which case is now otherwise most of the ancient Nobility of Ireland are Protestants as may appear in my Schedule of Irelands Nobility and as that reason of State is ceased so hath the practice since About two years after the Rebellion Jan. 1643. James then Marquess now Duke of Ormonde was sworn Lord Lieutenant since which time being 39 years Jan. last he hath born the Honour of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland except from the 18th of September 1669. the Lord Roberts entred until the â—4th of August 1677. the Earl of Essex surrender'd not full eight years so that the Duke hath born the Honour 31 years and actually exercised the Regency 19 years being interrupted about 12 years viz. from December 1650. he left Clanrickard Deputy until the 28th of July 1662. when His Grace was again sworn Lord Lieutenant and as he hath exercised the longest Regency so hath he had the most difficult Work of any chief Governor since the Conquest First Commander of an Army for some years under great wants the hardest task to a noble spirited General Secondly Fighting against a people he desired and endeavoured the Welfare of that would not believe him until they found it to their cost that their Ingratitude and Treachery to him and their Princes Interest that he asserted sell upon their own pates Thirdly Fighting for a Prince in no capacity to support him
c. Cyprian lib. 1. Epist 3. Hierom all Bishops are of one Worthiness neither Riches nor Poverty maketh Bishops higher or lower St. Augustine about a hundred years after St. Cyprian rejects it vid. Council of Africa ch 9. So Chrysostome Hom. 3. and 35. Gregory the Great the last of good Bishops at Rome did not only condemn the Title as Antichristian but greatly bewailed it as the forerunner of the Churches Misery saith he Ages succeeding shall feel the dismal effects of that fond Title which he termeth Nomen vanitatis vocabulum prophanum perversum superbum scholestum superstitiosum 4. Not from the Councils 1. The Council of Carthage saith there is none but a few desperate and loose companions take the Authority of the Bishops of Africa to be less than that of Rome Cyprian Epist 3. 2. The Council of Nice Canon 6. vid. Russinus History of the Church lib. 1. ch 6. 3. Council of Constantinople ch 2. 4. The Council of Africa Canon 26. ch 5. Council of Ephesus ch last 6. Council of Chalcedon ch 28. Canon 16. 7. Council of Constantinople ch 35. 8. Council of Carthage ch 4. Canon 26. But it is manifest both the Popes Infallibility and Supremacy proceeded from detestable Treachery and intolerable Pride and Debauchery vide Sect. 2. Not only our Protestant but their own Authors commence the Reign of Antichrist from that time see Luthers Opinion pag. 72 of my 2 d. Part viz. the first that obtained the Supremacy was Boniface the third the most vitious of Popes we read of who by the help of Brasutus cut out his way to the infallible Chair by poysoning six Popes his Predecessors viz. Domasus the second Leo the ninth Victor the second Stephen Benedict the tenth and Nicholas the second vide Paget 244. and after wickedly approving of Phocus his treacherous and barbarous murdering his Master Maurice the Emperor with his Wife and Children for which he was condemned by Cyryacus Patriarch of Constantinople Phocus in revenge declares Boniface to be Universal Bishop vide Plat. in His Life After him Adrian the second by flattering another Tyrant Basilius who murdered his Master Michael the Emperor obtain'd of him that none should enter the Council of Constantinople till they first subscribed to the Popes Supremacy circa Anno 870. from which time they daily gained ground by Force or Fraud over the Bishops of other Churches But Urban the second was not contented with bare Subscriptions but required them to swear Obedience to him And this Supremacy gained from the Clergy by specious pretences of zeal for the Liberties of the holy Church and to free Clerks from Civil Tribunals and Taxes by Lay-Princes who were thereby also deprived of their antient priviledges of the Investiture of Bishops and withal prohibited all Appeals but to the infallible Chair upon this our Thomas Becket c. contested with Henry the second about Arraigning Clerks before criminal Judges for Murders Robberies Felonies c. which cost Becket his Life and the King intolerable Troubles and Vexations and at last the loss of his Kingdom and Life which Vexations were continued by the insolent Clergy against his three Successors Richard the first King John and Henry the third but Edward the first to be quit with them outlawed all the Clergy Matthew Paris Ann. 1213. What kind of Creatures the Pope and Clergy were after this read Sect 2. and what woful work they made in the world after they had gained the Supremacy read Sect. the 5. SECT II. Observes the Original of these cursed Principles ALthough they had been long a hatching and dispersed throughout the Popedome asserted by some and opposed by others yet never espoused as Articles of Faith till the Jesuits adopted them And if you would know the Divine Original of the Jesuits you may read St. Johns Prophesie of them Revel ch 9. where they are described to the life by Characters that sute with no Sect but themselves Where they are distinguished from all other Locusts whatsoever 1. From their Place the bottomless pit v. 2. vide ch 11. 7. 17. 2. From the Time when the Smoak of the Pit had darkened the Air in the time of deep Ignorance 3. By their Shape like Horses prepared unto Battel terrible being movers of bloody Wars c. vers 7. 4. By their Swiftness in execution they had Wings v. 9. 5. By their Cruelty their torment was as the torment of a Scorpion when he striketh a man vers 5. 6. Their Strength to devour their Teeth were as the Teeth of Lyons v. 8. 7. Their Security they had Breast-plates of Iron v. 9. 8. Their Grievousness to the world men shall seek Death and shall not find it c. v. 6. 9. Their Honour On their Heads shall be Crowns of Gold v. 7. 10. Their Visage or rather Vizard their Faces were as the Faces of Men and they had Hair as the Hair of a Woman v. 8. 11. Their Attendants they had Tayls like unto Scorpions and there were Stings in their Tayls vers 10. 12. Their King over them the Angel of the bottomless pit v. 10. 13. The terrible Noise they shall make in the world the sound of their Wings was as the sound of Chariots of many Horses running to Battel v. 9. vide Famous Mead his Remains and the Learned Broughton on this Chapter Now these Characters are only found in the Jesuits all other Orders of Fryars c. are not only defective in most of these Qualifications but in the End and Design of their Institution The first Votaries we read of were the Hermits or Pilgrims who were driven into desolate places in the height of persecution Grimstones States and Empires fol. 1197. And soon after in Constantines time when the Church had rest St. Basil and St. Hierome gathered these dispersed Hermits into Societies and Convents Ross View of Religions p. 249. After them St. Augustine in the fourth Century was moved to institute his Order from his sense of the Corruption and Pollutions with which the generality of Christians were defiled In the seventh Century the first Order in the West was instituted by St. Benedict who imitated the Augustines in severity of Discipline and strictness of Morals but much more superstitious out of which Hive swarmed twenty four distinct Orders the Daughters still worse than the Mothers Ross 270. Grimstone fol. 1203. to 1210. But the Popes having been struggling first with the Clergy and next with the Emperors and Princes for the Supremacy from Boniface 3. in the beginning of the seventh Century to defend their Title instituted the Franciscans and Dominicans as Fryars Preachers that they might from the Pulpit chase Princes out of their Thrones but the stubborn Emperors c. defending their Rights with their Swords as you may read in Urfinus who abbreviates the History His Holiness observ'd St. Peters Keys would not do he threw them into Tyber and drew St. Pauls Sword for the Light of the Gospel broke out
with that strength by Wickliffs Books c. dispersed in Germany Bohemiah France Piedmont c. the Popelings observ'd it to be past the Cure of preaching Fryars whereupon Paul the third discern'd it necessary to raise a more warlike Regiment and instituted these Knights of the Virgin Mary as the Jesuits first stiled themselves Ross Stillingf p. 306. You have an exact account of their Original and Progress by that eminent Protestant Divine Dr. Stillingfleet in his Fanaticism of the Church of Rome pag. 301. to p. 320. and by Grimstone in his States and Empires fol. 1213. to which I shall refer you And if you neither laugh at the Ridicule nor weep at the Ignorance and Stupidity of that age you must be of a steddy temper But to give you an account of the bloody Wars barbarous Massacres and treacherous Assassinations since Anno Dom. 1545. the Council of Trent confirmed their Order and their Hetrodox Articles of Faith would be to copy Volumes of their own and our Authors but you may read some brief hints in Sect. 5. SECT III. Shews the Authority whereby they were confirmed EXcepting the Popes whose vowed slaves they are the Council of Trent is the only Council that approved and confirmed their Institutions therefore it is worth observing the Qualifications of that Assembly saith Dr. Stillingfleet pag. 106. so contrived as not to condemn the grossest Error The occasion of the Council was to suppress Luthers Doctrine in the designe of the Conclave at Rome but press'd by the Emperor c. to reform things amiss too and restrain the Imperiousness of the Pope and his Conclave Hist Coun. of Trent fol. 17. the Policy of Rome thought it not prudent to deny the calling it least it should be imposed nor safe at present to admit it least it should impose on them fol. 37. Christendom groaning under their unsupportable Exactions and Tyranny which Germany presented in an hundred Grievances fol. 37. Therefore the only expedient was to delay it and to that end raised many scruples about the Authority of their Summons fol. 54. the Qualifications of their Members place of Sitting c. fol. 233. fol. 25 57. by which means they drill'd out twenty years the Lives of six Popes before the first Session 1542. saith Grimstone then transferred to Bolonia after back to Trent fol. 465. And after that what time they spent in Preambles c. vide Council of Trent p. 139 c. 1. About the Title some of the Bishops were for stiling it the most holy Council representing the Church universal others opposed it the Italians vehemently Hist Council of Trent p. 138. So betwixt the Bishops and the Regulars about Priviledges p. 151. between the Dominicans and Franciscans in several points betwixt the Italian Bishops and others about Residence and the extent of Episcopal Power but the Legates informing the Pope of these Controversies he sent them these Orders Not to broach any new Difficulties in matter of Faith nor to determine any of the Points controverted among Catholicks and to proceed slowly in the Reformation but vigorously against the Hereticks vide Sleidens 12th Book But with what vehemency their proceedings were opposed by most Princes vide Field p. 107 c. by the French King Sleiden lib. 22. so Charles the fiâ—â—h by his Ambassador Mendoza disclaimed against the Popes Power in calling Synods to reâ— thâ— Church besides all the Members of 〈◊〉 Council were enjoyned to take this Oath against their Freedom and Liberty I will defend 〈◊〉 â—â—â—pacy against all men so help me God c. 〈…〉 no 〈◊〉 durst offer his Reasons or obâ—â—â—â—â—â—â—â—â—â—st what the Popes Creatures proposed 〈◊〉 presently expelled the Council Sleiden 〈…〉 Craken p. 158. Yet for all this Carâ—â—â— â—antarâ— c. urged for the true Doctrine 〈◊〉 jâ—â—â—â—fication the Spanish and German Bishops â—â—â—â—ve to reducâ— the Popes boundless Authority tâ— oppâ—se whâ—m he encreased the number of Bishops many of whom only titular and of a sudden created thirteen new Cardinals sent his frequent Instructions to direct and lead the Council that it became a Proverb The Holy Ghost travelled from Rome to Trent in a Packet Such as they could not expel as Cardinal Cantaren c. they cut off by Poyson and whilst they were thus amusing the world with an expected Reformation the Pope raiseth an Army invades Germany to impose the Tridentine Faith This is the Council of Trent called by the usurped Power of the Pope guided by Fraud and Subtilty awed by illegal Expulsions and treacherous Poysonings ending in bloody Wars from whence proceeded all their new Articles of Faith But with what Dissatisfaction not only to the Emperor and French King but most other Princes except the Popes Vassals the Italians these things were received you may read by their respective Letters printed at the end of the History of the Council of Trent fol. 782. to fol. 823. and then judge whether these Principles were not imposed on their pretended Catholick as well as on Protestant Princes But the History of this Council being writ by an Author so generally applauded amongst the Romanists that it became a proverb Father Paul is so blameless and pure that his very Pantables were canonized vide his Life fol. 43. but being voluminous I shall refer the Reader to Bishop Bramhall's Vindic. p. 351. to 355. where he demonstrates that Council to be neither general free nor lawful and yet this is the best Authority the Jesuits and their Principles are confirmed by and by which they are grown so presumptuous as to excommunicate all the Christians in the world for damned Hereticks that disown the Pope though they cannot be ignorant that their Principles and communion are rejected by far the greater number of Christians in the world v. Paget p. 1. to p. 33. where you may also read their Harmony both in Doctrine and Worship with Protestants of Europe and how vehemently they explode the Usurpations Heresies and Idolatries of the Roman Church fol. 59. to fol. 109. in so much that the Patriarch of Constantinople c. excommunicates the Pope and his Clergy once a year Therefore Rome cannot be the Mother Church nor the Mistress of other Churches being the fewest in number and last in being Jerusalem Antioch Constantinople and Alexandria nay England were in the Faith before her if we may believe the most authentick of Authors as Bishop Jewell Dr. Fulk Willet Paget vid. fol. 146. Bishop Bramhall Taylor Stillingfleet Ursinus c. indeed she was first in Apostacy in that she deserves the Primacy in departing from the Faith and holy Life of the Apostles and primitive Churches as is manifest from their own Authors that writ from Boniface 3. the first debauch'd grand Apostate to Leo the tenth who obtained a Confirmation from the Council of Trent of their Errors and Usurpations Saith Erasmus on the thirteenth Chapter of the Revelations When the Roman Kingdom after the time of Julianus
was divided into East and West then began a new Roman Jurisdiction namely the Popes Pomp the Kingdom of the Papists took upon it all the Power of the first Beasts the Roman Emperor and compelled the Christians to Idolatry and Service of false Gods under pretence of honouring Christ and Saints Again on ch 17. he doth affirm that the Women prophesied of to be the Mother of Whoredoms and Abominations of the earth drunk with the Blood of Saints c. to be Christian Rome Again on chap. 18. Sect. 3. With this Babylon have Princes and Prelates and whole Kingdoms committed Whoredoms and Abominanations So Hollcot pag. 18. complaining of the Priests and Prelates of Rome in his time saith They be like the Priests of Baal they resemble the Priests of Dagon they are the Priests of Priapus and Angels of Hell So Aventine lib. 6. I am ashamed to say what manner of Bishops we have with the Revenue of the Church they feed Horses Hounds I need not say Whores So Mantuan lib. 3. Their Wickedness is in every mans mouth Cities and Countries talk of it the bruite thereof hath quenched all care of Vertue So their Bishop Cornelius Epist 3. With what monsters of Filthiness with what channel of Uncleanness with what pestiferous Contagion are both Priests and People defiled c. So their Palingenus lib. 5. warns the people Let no Fryar Monk or any other Priest come within thy doors take heed of them they are the dregs of men the fountain of folly the sinks of sin Wolves under Lambs skins c. under the shadow of Religion hide a thousand unlawful acts Committers of Rapes abusers of Boys spending night and day either openly with Whores or secretly with Boys O shameful saith he can the Church endure such Hogs Saith Plantina Vita Marcellini What shall we think will become of this our age wherein our Vices are grown to that height that they have scarce lest a place with God for Mercy how great is the Leachery of all sorts amongst the Priests and the chief Rulers vid. His Life of the Popes Saith Mantu lib. 3. They are hateful to Heaven and loathsome with unclean Lusts c. they rather kindle and provoke God by their Services than appease him never hope for help so long as such pray for you Saith Hierome Whilst I staid at Babylon and was an inhabitant of that purple Whore the Senate of Pharisees made an uproar and the whole Faction conspired against me if you would see the barbarous cruelty of one Pope towards another plucking out of Eyes famishing in loathsom Prisons cutting off Tongues Hands Fingers Noses Stones c. vide Paget fol. 112. Saith St. Augustin on Psalm 44. They have made us the Citizens of Babylon we left him that made us and worship what we make our selves Saith St. Ambrose Apocalips lib. 6. Rome is become a second Babylon Saith Chrysostom Hom. 36. 1 Cor. The Church at this day is like unto a Woman that hath quite lost her Modesty Saith Vincent Religious Orders are become unto mens Souls the way of perdition Saith Card. Beno They are led by the Spirit of Error and Doctrine of Devils Beno de Vita Hildeb Saith Matth. Paris in Hen. 2. Whence Christians were wont to fetch the Waters of Righteousness there they find a poysoned puddle Abbot Joachim on Jeremiah chap. 1 and 2. proves the Romish Church to be the Whore of Babylon mentioned Rev. 17. They have chosen Antichrist for Christ the Devil for God and Hell for Heaven Nay certain of their own Prophetesses as Saint Bridget lib. 4. cap. 133. and St. Hildegrard the Nun in her 2d Book c. declaim vehemently against the Vices as abominable and their State as antichristian So their Bishop Cornelius in his Oration to the Council of Trent Would to God they were not fallen with one consent from Faith to Infidelity from Christ to Antichrist Saith Platina on John 10. The Popes are clean departed from Peters steps vid. Paget fol. 171 c. Saith Cataldus in his Prediction of Rome Thou unhappy Babylon the damned pit of Priests It would be endless to give you the Testimony of their own Fathers Bishops Fryars Nuns c. of Romes dreadful Apostacy from Christ to Antichrist and from Truth to Error from Boniface 3. anno 602. to Leo 10. 1520. the Council of Trent was proposed and from Leo 10. to Paul 3. the Council was opened Hist Counc Trent 97. all which 20 years time were spent in bloody Wars betwixt the Emperor and the Popes the Emperors and Francis the first of France c. vide the Life and Reign of Charles the fifth where you will find the Pope changed sides theree or four times as his advantage lay to weaken them and strengthen himself though contrary to several Oaths and Leagues agreed on But did they themselves escape no Rome was several times taken and sack'd the Pope besieged in the Bastile glad to compound on base conditions though he kept them not which Confusions made bloody work all Italy over that by their continued bloody Wars the Pope had so wearied the Emperor and Princes in strugling with him that Charles the fifth resigned the Empire and retired to a Monastry and all others let him do what pleased him and did themselves what he plesaed to be quiet and then the Council of Trent past their impious Canons though not without much contradiction Thus you see by whom approved next consider by whom rejected and banished How far their seditions bloody Principles have been exploded and detested by learned Romanists you may observe Sect. 1. p. 204. to 208. which I there inserted to this end that you may observe all Papists are not Jesuited Papists it was evident in the last Irish Rebellion a considerable number of the Irish Nobility and Gentry not only disapproved but violently opposed the Nuntio's party who copied out the Jesuits Principles and Practices as you may read in Borlacy's History of the Irish Wars in 1649 6150 c. and in this last Irish Plot I have heard several of good Rank of their party vehemently declare their abhorrency of it but divers of their Clergy have been Discoverers and Witnesses against their Primate Plunket c. which nothing could move them to but Duty some of them being in a plentiful condition and titular Dignitaries in their Church are thereby reduced to great wants even to extremity the more is the pity And as their Principles have been detested so their Practices have been resisted and their persons banished all Popish Realms and States as fast as they discerned their destructive consequences as in these following Instances may appear 1. The State of Venice did not only banish but violently thrust them out of the Country never to return and made it capital for any man the Duke himself to move for their Restoration you may read the Story at large in Howels Survey of the Republick of Venice fol. 161. to 167.
the third poysoned his Mother Sister and Neece vid. Ursin p. 220. so Stephen the Prince of Transilvania by poyson Luc. Hist pag. 614. Innocent the fourth attempted to poyson the Emperor Conrade Ursin p. 221. King John poysoned by a Monk of Swinsted nay when other projects have failed rather than miss effecting their malice their very Temples which are Sanctuaries against others have been used as Slaughter-houses of these Ecclesiastical Butchers two Princes of the House of Medicees assaulted at Mass the one kill'd the other wounded by the Order of Sixtus the fourth circa ann 1480. When Henr. the fourth besieged Hildebrand in the Bastile his Holiness suborned Traitors to convey great Stones on the Rafters of the Church over that place where the Emperor sat to let them fall on his head whilst at his Devotions but were discovered by the fall of one of them before the time Ursin p. 32. But most horrid was their poysoning the Emperor Henry the seventh at Bonavent although one of their own Disciples in their Chalice at the Sacrament vide Grimstones State of the Empire fol. 603. its like from thence the Mass became a Sacrifice so that the consequences of these inhumane Principles depending on the Popes Infallibility for Sanction must be desperately dangerous to humane Society considering what kind of bruites the Popes themselves have been as they are described by Platina c. on their Lives but Ursinus hath epitomised their Catholique Vertues pag. 198. to 243. and reduc'd them into their respective Classes 24 in number to be deliberately read in less than one hour how many of them were Atheists Arrians Conjurers Blasphemers Tyrants Traytors Parracides Adulterers Sodomites incestuous persons Drunkards monsters of men c. And how like Priest like People they are at Rome hear some of their own Poets Characters Of their Secular Priests Mantuan Hateful to God polluted with vile Lusts Alas in vain they manage sacred Trusts Heaven they provoke not please for such to pray There is no need nor help at all can they Put in new Ministers and cast them out From Temples this so sacrilegious Rout. Nor let a longer stay profess They make a trade of Wickedness Then of their Regulars And those men too who seize that lofty Name Religious persons bragging that they came From holy Fathers under fleece of Sheep Vile wretches Souls of Wolves within them keep Thus Vertues visage is abus'd To cloak the Baseness by them us'd Pasquil Flee Rome that wouldst be holy come not neer Thou mayst be any thing but godly there I 've seen thee Rome adieu ne'r more will see Till Bawd or Whore or worse I mean to be SECT V. Shews what hath been the Practice of this Principle of Supremacy since usurped by the infallible Prince of Priests TO begin with the Apostle of this Profession Hildebrand I gave you a taste of his infallible Canons but observe his suitable Practice 1. Against his liege Lord the Emperor Hen. the fourth a warlike brave Prince that had fought 60 Battels with success and yet this bold insolent Prelate excommunicates him deprives him of all Regal Authority absolves his Subjects from their Oaths of Allegiance c. on which some of the discontented Princes especially the Duke of Saxony rebel whereby he was compelled to prevent the shedding of Christian Blood to humble himself to this man of Pride so low as to wait with his Empress and Son clad in Canvass barefooted three days in cold frosty weather at his Holiness's Gates before he obtain'd Absolution yet soon after without any now provocation we read of but the Jealousie of this infallible Tyrant that the Emperors great Stomack would not disgest this intolerable Indignity renewes his Excommunication and instigates Rodulph Duke of Swavia his Brother in Law to invade him who after many bloody Bickerings was routed and slain After that stir'd up the Saxons to create Harman Prince of Luxemburgh Emperor after he was slain seduceth Egbert Marquess of Saxony to take upon him the Empire after he was slain the Emperor called a Council at Brixia which deposed and banished this insolent bloody Pope for Heresies Sacriledge Factions a Defender of Perjury Scandal a Believer of Dreams and Divinations a notorious Necromancer possessed with an unclean Spirit an Apostate from the true Faith Thus far infallible Hildebrand who dyed in exile Paget fol. 250 c. But this Elijah bequeathed his Mantle to his Successor Pascall the second who revives Hildebrands Curse against the old Emperor and prevaileth with his own Son Henry to rebel against his most puissant Father and to usurp the Imperial Crown but some Achitophel told this young Absalom old David had been a man of war from his youth and therefore his infallible spiritual Father advised him to decline Force and try Treachery in English though a Treaty in Italian against his carnal Father so a Diet was summoned at Mentz where the old Emperor depending upon the publick Faith for safety was treacherously seized and cast into Prison where he soon ended his miserable days Which unnatural Rebellion against so famous a Father was highly magnified by Cardinal Baronius saith my Author What Turk or Savage would be the Oeconomist of such unnatural Treachery But after this deposing of Kings became common as Boeslaus King of Poland by Childerick the third the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa by Zechary the first Innocent the third excommunicated the Emperor Philip and then deposed him and set up Otho the fourth and plunged them in bloody Wars then excommunicated Otho and absolved his Subjects from their Oaths of Allegiance circa ann 1200. Again Frederick the second first excommunicated then absolved him upon his promise to assist in the holy War where while he was in person bravely fighting and had taken Jerusalem Nazareth and Joppa c. from the Saracens the Pope raiseth an Army invades his Territories enters Naples wrested divers places from him giving out he was dead but Letters coming of his great success in Asia so much vexed his Holiness he trod them under his Feet and deludes his Son Henry to conspire against him which caused the shedding much Christian Blood but at his return he subdued his Enemies committed his Son to prison in Apulia where he shortly after dyed circa anno 1220 1244. Clement the sixth to keep up the Trade excommunicated Ludovicus of Bavaria and commanded the German Princes to elect Charles the fourth 1346. Julius the second excommunicated Lewis the twelfth and deposed John King of Navarr and gave his Crown to the King of Spain 1536. Gregory the tenth excommunicated our Henry the eighth Pius the fifth Queen Elizabeth If you read the Histories of those times especially Ursinus printed ann Dom. 1600. who hath epitomised them into a small Volume to be read in a few hours from Charles the Great anno Dom. 800. to Rodulph the second 1612. a period of 812 years who though briefly yet fully relates the treacherous and bloody
against the King and most barbarous inhumane Cruelties exercised upon his most loyal Subjects in Ireland did they transact in the Kings Name to which they counterfeited his Great Seal vide Borlacy fol. 29. and declared all they did was for the Kings Service See their Remonstrance at Trim March 17. 1642. with their other Addresses but especially the grand Bond of their Catholick Confederacy their Oath of Association they declare thus in the Preamble As also for the defence and safeguard of his Majesties Person regal Power just Prerogatives Honour State and Rights in the body of the Oath thus I A.B. do prosess swear and protest before God his Saints and Angels that I will during my life bear true Faith and Allegiance to my Soveraign Lord Charles c. that I will to my power during my life defend uphold and maintain all his just Prerogatives Estates and Rights c. Now to say this in that very act in which the Bond of their treasonable Rebellion consisted which after the greatest deliberation they agreed to publish in contempt of the Kings Laws and Soveraign Power puts dull Hereticks to a stand what to make of Popish Loyalty unless they can loyally rise in Rebellion against their King and barbarously murder two or three hundred thousand of his loyal Subjects for his Honour and Service Sir John Temple p. 6. The Lords of the Pale desired Commissions and Arms to resist the Rebels and then imployed them to assist them for his Service Sir John Temple p. 60. They maintained a long and bloody War against His Majesties Vice-Roy and Army commissioned by him for His Majesties Service After near two years viz. June 1643. they by the utmost extremity of War against the Kings Vice-Roy had reduced his Majesties Army into great extremities of wants c. yet in their Instrument impowering their Commissioners to treat about the Cessation they stile themselves His Majesties most faithful Subjects necessitated to take up Arms for the Defence of His Majesties just Prerogatives and Rights vide Dr. Borlace pag. 126. And this near two years after His Majesty had declared them and their Adherents and Abettors lewd and wicked persons that had rob'd and massacred multitudes of his loyal Protestant Subjects Rebels and Traitors against his Royal Person Enemies to his Crown c commanding his Justices and Army to prosecute the said Rebels and Traitors with Fire and Sword as persons unworthy of Mercy or Favour vid. Dr. Borlaco's Hist fol. 53 54. It is evident His Majesty esteemed that Treason and Rebellion they called Loyalty and good Service yet so confident they were all they had done consisted with their Loyalty they menaced the Lords Justices and Council July 1643. if any Messenger brought any Papers to them containing other Language than to His Majesties loyal and obedient Subjects they should not return safe Dr. Borlace p. 128. And to pass by all the Breaches of their Articles of Cessation which you may read a Brief of in Dr. Borlace's Hist fol. 147 148. Take but a brief view of their Behaviour after the Peace was proclaimed 1646 and 1648. 1. They treacherously contrived to cut off the Lord Leutenant and his Army who in confidence of the Articles of Peace they had got into their Quarters as far as Cashel Borlace p. 161 Their Excommunicating all that adhered to the Peace and joyning with the Nuntio's Army to besiege and distress the Lord Lieutenant with the Kings Army in Dublin Borl p. 162 165. Their treacheorous Consult at Waterford to cut off the Lord Lieutenant and his Party who visited them in kindness to contrive their Security and was instrumental to the great hazard of his Person to preserve a Body of Foot that had otherwise been cut off in their Retreat from passage were these things for His Majesties Service Borlace's Hist fol. 231 232. Nay from that time all their Affronts Indignities and Contempts put upon the Kings Authority in the Persons of the Marquesses of Ormond and Clanriccard were still for the Kings Service you may read in Borlace's History of the Years 1650 1651. When not only the Lord Lieutenant was dayly affronted to that height as is not to be parallell'd for Rudeness and Ingratitude and after all his patience bearing with and winking at so many repeated affronts which his high Spirit would have disdained the least part of if the Kings Interest had not weighed down all they excommunicated and rejected his Person and Authority with all imaginary reproach and slander vide Borlace 259. to 273. but it was still for the Kings Service And little better Treatment did that most loyal and upright Catholick Peer the Marquess of Clanriccard meet with from his Countrymen vide id 291. to 295. But after all for that unpardonable sin of Loyalty c. was excommunicated as a Contemner of the Authority of the Church because he would not betray his Trust from his Prince vide idem fol. 287. But all these intolerable Affronts and Contempts put on the Kings Authority from the Peace 1648. was only by the Clergy and Nuntio's Party for not only the Marquess of Clanriccard but many other Catholick Noblemen and Gentlemen with a considerable party of the Popish Army adhered stedfastly to the Kings Authority to the last the other only pretended to it Which fully evidenceth all Papists as is before asserted are not Jesuited Papists And it would be better both for themselves and us if they would more visibly distinguish themselves that we might know our Fiends from our Enemies My Opinion is those Subjects indulged by their Prince in the Liberty of their Consciences ought not only to explode all pernicious Principles to the Peace of his State in themselves but detect them where they discover them in others of their Sect or Persuasion or otherwise they justly suffer those Miseries that shall ensue by their neglect for though Unity in Religion is an excellent bond for Christian neighbourly Society where it can be obtained without violence to Reason and Conscience Yet I judge an Unity in Loyalty that is mutually to adhere to the Civil Constitutions of the Government they live under is much more steddy and safe Civil Interest being much more inclusive and less disputable than Religious for since St. Paul withstood St. Peter to the Face Galat. 2.11 and that sharp Contention betwixt Saint Paul and Barnabas on which they separated Acts 15.39 I do not find either in sacred or other History but there hath been Contentions and Divisions in the Church but still their Civil Interest was the same against Pagan Persecutors until that wicked Error of the Arrians became potent and persecuted the Orthodox since which time that Antichristian Spirit of Persecution hath rendered Christians less sociable than Pagans That were I to choose my Habitation in the world I should think my self more safe and comfortable in the Neighbourhood of moral Turks or Heathens that retain the Principles of Humanity than amongst such Christians
Union amongst all sorts of Protestants to distinguish between Popish and other Recusants between them that would destroy the whole Flock and them that only wander from it c. And though Parliaments were not then inclined to so great Moderation yet hath His Majesty indulged Dissenters and suspended the Execution of penal Statutes against them in a great measure for these twenty years past and more particularly hath govern'd this Kingdom by Lord Lieutenants c. that have imitated his Royal Clemency to the utmost Dissenters could expect that they would shew themselves the most ungrateful disingenious people in the world to be disloyal or give the Government the least cause of Jealousie of them As I observed before their Interest is as entirely involved in the Safety of the Crown and Potency of the English Protestant Interest as the Conformists themselves and they contentedly see them enjoy all Honours and beneficial Offices either Civil Ecclesiastical or Military c. under the Government and chearfully perform their Duties in all troublesome and chargeable Services to their King and Country and desire no greater Reward than that their Loyalty may not be suspected till they give cause And notwithstanding they may be dissatisfied with some things relating to the Hirarchy and Ceremonial part of the established Religion yet not to that height but they will allow there is a necessity of a National Religion to prevent Atheism c. and if so it follows there is the like necessity of a National Constitution and Discipline to prevent Confusion and until the Wisdom of the Nation in Parliament see cause to reform things some think amiss most Dissenters judge it their Interest as well as their Duty to support the Protestant Church as now established against all illegal Opposition whatsoever as the Bulwark of the Protestant Religion in Ireland against Popery and Confusion c. There is not any thing the Conformists can design for the promotion of Godliness which is the chief end of all Forms but the sober Nonconfor-heartily joyn with them so that the pious Conformists and Nonconformists are both of the same true Religion pertakers of the same Grace on earth Phil. 1.7 and Heirs of the same Glory in Heaven Rom. 8.17 And the impious of both sorts of one false Religion pertakers of the same spirit of Formality and Hypocrisie on Earth 2 Tim. 3. and shall receive the same Condemnation Psal 9.17 John 5.29 And if this hath been and is the case of the dissenting Protestants of Ireland c. can they be blamed for expressing a sence of their Damage and Danger by the Jesuited Papists their Neighbours especially when sometimes from the Pulpit and other times from the Bench they are represented to be as dangerous persons as themselves and that is dangerous enough if it were true and whatever their Protestant Neighbours apprehend of them their Popish will believe it because they proved the most dangerous Hereticks to them from the year 1649 to 1653. that ever they met with in Ireland but I hope the Protestant Interest fares not the worse for that and therefore would be as glad to see Bonefires made of them as their Predecessors were of Cranmer Ridley and Latimer c. being convinc'd burning such surly stubborn Hereticks by three or four at a time is a more safe way than sighting them with the Kings Commission in their Pockets But from the whole I argue it is the Interest of the Loyal moral Papists of Ireland above all the Papists in the world to disown and reject the Jesuits Principles expressed Sect. 1. from the consideration of these past woful consequences not only to the Protestants but to the total ruine of multitudes of Noble Worshipful Catholick Families many of whom are utterly extinct and others reduced to a very mean and contemptible state to what their Ancestors enjoyed And if so Herberts Travels fol. 290. Why do the Windings of inconstant State Molest us Mortals since the self same Fate Turns high and low ones with an equal doom That Servants oft possess their Masters Room Men are but Men and be they strong or wise All their Design subject to Hazard lies And if this hath been the issue of their former Struggles can it be their Interest to hazard what is left by another desperate Attempt for as I before asserted it must be an Have at all another such Act as that of Decimo septimo would not leave a nocent Papist an Acre of Land in Ireland And if these Jesuitical Principles mentioned Sect. 1. be indulged they are such a sort of Horse-leeches so greedy of Blood as Sect. 5. and such Salamanders whose natural Element is the fire of Contention as Sect. 4. long Peace cannot be expected 2 King 9.22 and if no solid setled Peace in a Country no Improvement of Trade c. as Part 1. Chap. 1. And whilst these just causes of jealousies fears remain upon the Spirits of the English c. there can be no true Friendship nor comfortable Neighbourhood which their Errors in Worship could not hinder if their Principles in Morals were but safe And therefore I assert it their Interest above all the Papists in the world to explode these Jesuitical Principles express'd Part 2. pag. 93 94. and then though we retain different Church Rites yet may we firmly unite in one common State-Interest as natural Subjects of the same King governed by the same Laws interested in the same common Peace and Safety of our native Country against all Invaders or intestine Disturbers whatsoever By this means the cares and perplexities of our common politick Father will be remov'd to his great content all prejudices and animosities betwixt Protestants and Papists will vanish all Tories and other Robbers that discourage English Planters will be restrained when the Irish are equally in danger and consequently equally engaged to apprehend and suppress them all foreign Invaders will be discouraged when they understand all Irelands Inhabitants notwithstanding their different Religions are united in the Interest of their King It is not to be expressed the manifold common Benefits that would accompany this Unity in Loyalty which is the main Design of what is before declared in these seven Sections Saith the Poet As he who did against great Jove Rebel Was struck with Thunder and knock'd down to Hell So God will all you Monsters overturn Who'gainst the King the Church the State dare spurn Your Glory shall be Shame black Hell your Mansion Furies your fellows Brimstone and Fire your Pension Your motions like Aegaeons when he turns Aetna doth shake and for a while it burns But when you move you shake the World asunder Whose Bowels burn and roar till you be struck with thunder FINIS
Deu. 25.15 that all men buy and sell by the same Weights and Scales divers Weights and Ballances are abomination to the Lord Prov. 11.1.20.10 But neither the Numbers nor the Parts of this sort of Antischismaticks are so considerable but our Quakers Muckletonians c. may match them who will extend Idolatry Popery Superstition and carnal Worship as far beyond their due bounds c. as they do criminal Schism that I shall leave them to agree upon the invisible Evidence of their unscriptural Principles and only plead for a charitable Union betwixt the sober and pious of both parties And as they agree in all essential positives the same Creed the same Scriptures the same Sacraments c. so in all reforming negatives they protest against all Popish Errors either relating to Faith or Worship contained in the first Protestation of the German Churches or is since protested against by any of the Protestant Churches in the world and that with more vehemency which makes them not the less Protestants They protest against all the old Herisies of the Arrians Socinians Gnosticks Nestorians c. so that both in positives and negatives the difference is little in Substantials betwixt Dissenters and the Protestant Church of England they maintain not only internal Communion with the universal Catholick Church but internal and external with the Protestant Church of England They do not only make the same Scriptures the standard of Faith Worship and Manners but highly esteem of and bless God for the many famous Lights the Church of England hath produc'd for the propagating Gospel Principles and converting Souls to Christ they put the highest value on their learned Writings next to the sacred Scriptures and esteem their Expositions Annotations c. the most Orthodox in the world they retain a venerable memory of all her Confessors and blessed Martyrs and are ready if God call them to it to seal the Truths they dyed for with their dearest Blod they bless God for and heartily rejoyce in all her learned and pious Bishops and Ministers that now are and daily pray that God would increase their Numbers and bless their Labours in his Work and grieve for all the Reproach and Dishonour brought upon the Church by ignorant and scandalous Ministers c. they agree with the Church at least in 36 of the 39 Articles and are therefore doubtless of the same Religion The Jews had their several Sects as the Pharisees the Sadduces the Herodians Essins c. but were all owned as Israelites if they adhered to the Law of Moses and the Prophets notwithstanding their Interpretation and Observation in some things of weight were different Some of the German Protestant Princes are Lutherans and others are Calvinists and their Subjects mix'd in their Dominions of both Persuasions yet they own each other for Protestants the Lutheran Princes have the same confidence in their Calvinist Subjects as in their Lutheran and the like on the other hand they all firmly unite to aid and assist their respective Princes against their Popish Adversaries if National Interest interpose not whereby the Protestant Interest in Germany becomes formidable and potent and yet the difference in Opinion betwixt the Lutherans and Calvenists is far greater than the difference betwixt English Protestants and the generality of Dissenters The Papists themselves who glory much in their Unity have their Jansenists Dominicans Molenists Jesuists Scotists and several Orders whose Differences are more momentary by far than any of ours some of them even to the shaking of the bottom of their very Faith as might be evidenced in their disputes about the Subject of Infallibility some placing it in a Council as the Councils of Basil and Constance others in the Pope as the Councils of Lateran and Trent some in both yet they own each other of one Religion Dr. Willet in his Synopsis fol. 1325 to 1352 incerts 307 Controversies amongst the Papists many of them repeated by Dr. Stillingfleet vid his Divisions of the Romish Church from pag. 353 to 471. And as they have these many distinct Sects maintaining contrary Opinions amongst their Clergy and Votaries so betwixt the Clergy and Laity as is at large asserted by Bishop Taylors Disswasive from Popery Bishop Jewel and Dr. Stillingfleet ch 4 and 5. and the History of the Council of Trent fol. 33 39.44 wherein you may read the bitter Contests about Ecclesiastical Power and Jurisdiction betwixt Pope and Pope the Popes and the Emperors of Germany Kings of Spain France Portingal States of Venice Italian Princes and States c. producing bloody Wars c. and yet were all esteemed Roman Catholicks But admit this were not the case but the Dissenters were as opposite in Principle and Interest to the Protestant Church as the Papists that they esteemed them all damn'd Hereticks and their Religion a pestilent Heresie and that it were not only lawful but meritorious by all possible means whether by War Massacres or Assassinations to destroy them as the Enemies of God and holy Church yet they could not be dangerous to the Common-wealth because of the paucity of their Numbers and Indepency of their Interest if the Papists were as few in number and had as few Noblemen and persons of Interest to head them and no Foreign aid to back them more potent nor neerer than Maryland all men would esteem it ridiculous for the State to maintain a potent Army to secure the Interest of the Crown against them or to observe the Protestants in dread of being destroyed by them especially if this small number of Papists were so far divided in their Opinions there were no probability of their ever agreeing which Faction should sway the Scepter having no Family or person that made the least pretence to a right of Soveraignty I say if this were the case we should laugh at persons dreading Popish Plots and Rebellions as we do at our little Children when they point to their own Shadows and cry a Bug-a-bo and yet this is the best capacity the Dissenters of Ireland are in to disturb the State and if so surely those Watchmen are blind of one eye at least that warn the State to beware of Puritans c. as more dangerous than Papists For admit Dissenters were persons of dangerous Principles considerable Interest there are few of them of despicable Fortunes the poorest of them by their painfulness in their Callings and frugality have Bread to eat and Rayment to put on and most of them live comfortably by their Industry and some of them enjoy plentiful Estates by Title from the Crown whereby they are equally engaged with others to preserve the Peace and support the Interest of it until their case be as desperate as blind Sampsons when he pull'd down the House on his own head to be revenged on the Philistines for his two Eyes I see no reason they should be esteemed dangerous to the Peace of Ireland but rather a great additional strength both to Church
and State both against Foreign Invasions and intestine Rebellions they own no Government nor Jurisdiction that is forreign nor any other but that which the Laws of the Land have established to which they have sworn Allegiance and are and will be subject not only for Wrath but for Conscience sake so far as answers the great end of Government few prudent Statesmen but will judge it is the Interest of the State of Ireland considering its circumstances not only to continue their Indulgence towards those they have but to declare a Toleraon of all Protestants of what Nation or Opinion soever principled as before is declared which has been the Practice of all Princes and States courting Trade as I shew at large in the the Chapter of the Policies of Trade I never read of any Prince or State that persecuted their dissenting Subjects but from one of these considerations 1. From Conscience to propagate Truth and suppress Error but this way of converting Souls by Prison Banishments and Death I read not hath been much in use with Protestant Princes or States since the Reformation 2. Or Jealousie of the Safety of their Interest and in this case it is irrational for any sort of Dissenters Papists or others to expect Protection from that Prince or State to whom they will not give the best Security in their power of their Allegeance and peaceable deportment The States of Holland and New England who pretend the highliest to Liberty exact it and it is a Principle in Nature for every Being to provide for its own saftety much more for that Being on whose safety all others depend Therefore it is not only the Duty but the Interest of all Dissenters not only to give the utmost security for their Loyalty in their power but to avoid all occasions of appearing engaged in any Faction that may happen in the State for though the matters controverted be only of a civil nature and have no tendency to Religion but rather the safety of the State and Honor of the Prince yet that side Dissenters shall generally appear for will be reflected on by Churchmen if not by Statesmen to design some Faction against the Government that were I to choose a Parliament man or a Magistrate of a City c. I would neither give my Vote for a Dissenter nor for a prophane debauched Conformist if there were a sober pious good Church-man to be had 2. As Dissenters in prudence ought to be of no Faction in a State so to avoid all manner of just provocations toward the Governors whilst they enjoy the liberty of worshipping God in the way their own Consciences dictate it is not reasonable they should expect the liberty of reflecting on that Religion the Law of the Land establishes by which they are indulged there is little ground to believe any of the godly persons we read of as Joseph and Moses in Pharaohs Court good Obadiah in wicked Ahabs Daniel Nehemiah and the three worthies c. in Babylon the Christians in Cesars Houshold did carry themselves offensively towards their fellow Courtiers much less towards their Princes they served though most of them Pagans it is not rational to suppose any of those good men reproved or censured the Religion of their Princes publickly but it is manifest they made a publick profession of their own and more vehemently when it was most dangerous so to do as Daniel when the King published his Decree Chapt. 6. and Obadiah when by the instigation of Jesabel Ahab persecuted the Prophets and Mordecai and Esther when Hammon contrived the destruction of the Jews but whilst they were permitted quietly to enjoy their own Worship I do not find they either writ or spoke against the Religion of the Country they were in and St. Paul disapproves it being accused by Tertullus the Orator before Felix for a mover of Sedition and prophaning the Temple c. Acts 24.6 he denies the Charge v. 12. saith he they neither found me in the Temple disputing with any man neither raising up the people neither in the Synagogue nor in the City c. but this I confess saith he by the way they call Heresie so worship I the God of my Fathers v. 14. that is I meddle not with their Religion nor matters of State but practice my own I only preach the Gospel of Peace and walk as becomes it so in his second Arraignment before Festus chap. 25 chap. 18. he makes his defence thus neither against the Law of the Jews neither against the Temple nor yet against Cesar have I offended any thing at all c. Now if these things had not been faults St. Paul would not have endeavoured to vindicate but rather have justified himself he was no time-server nor man-pleaser 1 Thess 2.4 So in his third Arraignment before Agrippa chap. 26. how humbly and condescendingly did he express himself as before to the other two and when the King told him too much Learning made him mad v. 24. or a Fanatick he humbly replied I am not mad most noble Festus but speak the words of truth and soberness Now if these things be written for our learning how unlike it is the spirit and behaviour of such Christians under sufferings for Conscience sake that think they can never bear a faithful Testimony except they do it stubbornly and rudely therefore let Dissenters who wish well to the common Protestant Interest be cautious whilst they press after Gospel Purity they break not the bonds of Gospel Unity and whilst they seperate from what they judge humane to be wary they reject not what will prove divine Worship though there may be a just and pious Separation as Bishop Bramhall before cited delares Yet there may be also a sinful Schism as every particular Sect allows when it is from themselves and an Error in Schism will be found a greater Sin when it proceeds from Pride of mind and Self-conceitedness than an Error in Conformity when it proceeds from Charity and a godly fear of sinning on the other hand Therefore it is safest to separate from things rather than persons or Churches to own every Church so far as they own the Truth and only separate from what is in your Consciences manifest Error and Superstition Bish Bramhall p. 271. Go as far as upright Conscience will give leave to manifest a love to Union and an hatred of Division and that it may appear you separate not through Stubbornness and Faction but singly to maintain a good Conscience towards God and that with all Christian Charity and Humility towards others especially your Superiors this would suit with St Peters Advice to be ready always to give an account to every man of the hope that is in you with meekness and fear 1 Pet. 3.15 and secure you from suffering as evil doers and busie bodyes c. for it is better if the will of God be that you suffer for well doing than for evil doing saith St. Peter 1