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A39582 The first pinciples [sic] of the doctrine of Christ together with stronger meat for them that are skil'd in the word of righteousness, or, the doctrine of living unto God, wherein the body of divinity is briefly and methodically handled by way of question and answer / published at the desire and for the use of the Church of Christ in Norwich in New-England by James Fitch. Fitch, James, 1622-1702. 1679 (1679) Wing F1064; ESTC R29838 51,004 168

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disorder and Communion is by union and union is by the uniting means Qu. What Attributes shine forth in the Apostacy of man Answ The holiness and Justice and yet the mercy of God in gentleness and bounty to fallen man do shine forth in or by occasion of mans Apostacy 1. The holiness of God which is that whereby he cannot approve of any but those who do agree with him to advance him as he is most glorious hence he distasted man and abhorred man Hab. 1. 13. 2. His Justice inclined to give every one his due 1. Remunerative in rewarding him who doth well Rom. 4. 4. 2. Vindictive in punishing him who doth evil Rom. 2. 9. and the degrees of this 1. The Sentence called Judgement 2. The Execution of it Eccl. 8. 11. the degrees of this first if more mild called anger if more sharp called wrath and fury Deut. 29. 23. 3. His mercy inclined to succour the undeserving hence first gentleness inclined to spare a sinner in bearing called patience if long his long sufferance 2 Chron. 11. 36. 15 16. 2. His bounty inclined to afford supplies to the undeserving Rom. 2. 4. Man suffers Gods displeasure for sin but this man through his weakness can not bear and therefore breaks under it and cannot satisfy and therefore it is just he should alwayes suffer Quest What is the Anastacy of Man Answ The Anastacy of man is that whereby the mercy of God recovereth some sinners out of a state of sin death into a state of grace and life by the redemption of the Son of God whose work it is to reconcile God and man as he is Priest and man to God as he is a Prophet and King and by his Spirit sent to apply this Redemption 1. The Anastacy of man is his recovery out of a state of sin and death into a state of grace and life Eph. 2. 1. 2. This proceeds from the mercy of God whereby he is inclined to succour the miserable and the undeserving and therefore this is done for his own Names sake Isai 43. 25. The parts of this are Redemption Application 1. Redemption which is a payment of a just price to divine Justice and thereby satisfaction 1. God governs man as he is a reasonable creature 2. Hence according to Justice 3. Hence if man had obeyed he should have been rewarded with life but he having disobeyed he cannot live without just satisfaction made Rom. 5. 17. Concerning Redemption we may consider the person and his work 1. The person who is the Redeemer the Son of God 1. God and man at variance the Father in special the person offended man by his sin having made a breach upon the work of Creation in which work the Fathers manner of working did shine forth as we heard in the Efficiency of God hence it was not meet for him to mediate 2. This work is propounded to the Son of God and he accepts it and his manner of working doth especially shine forth in this who is the second divine person and this is the second great work and he worketh from the Father by the Spirit 1 Tim. 2. 6. Acts 4. 12. 2. His first work to reconcile God to man as a Priest Heb. 2. 17. 2. To reconcile man to God first as a Prophet making known the way of life Luk. 4. 18. 2. As a King dispensing life with a Kingly Authority Psal 110. 1 2 3. And by his Spirit sent to apply this Redemption Joh. 16. 8 9 10 11. but of this afterwards The first being the Sufficiency the second the Efficiency of mans Anastacy or recovery Quest What in the first place ought to be considered concerning this work Answ We ought in the first place to consider the fitness of Christ to be a Redeemer for his two natures being personally united and yet remain the same in Essence and Essential properties and he was anointed that is called and furnished to this great work of Redemption To the performing of the work of a Redeemer we may consider first a fitness of Christ to redeem 2. The parts of Redemption First of his fitness to redeem appearing in his Incarnation and Vnction First his Incarnation the Son of God was made man in all things sin only excepted and the manner of his Subsistence 1. He was like to us Phil. 2. 7. 2. in all things Heb. 2. 17. 3. except sin he was without sin Heb. 4. 15. and the manner of the Subsistence of his humane nature for that subsists in his divine person in which we may consider the union of his natures and their Communion 1. Their union which is that whereby the Son of God assumed a humane nature to subsist inseperably in his own person 1. The person assuming was the Son of God Gal. 4. 4. hence it was God assumed a humane nature and yet not as God for then all the three persons had assumed 2. But the Son of God assumed mediately by his person 2. That which is assumed is a humane nature Soul and body hence 1. a twofold understanding Mark 13. 32. 2. A twofold will divine and humane accompanied with a natural desire of his safety Math. 26. 39. 3. And a twofold presence Omnipresent as God but not so as man 3. The assumption it self his humane nature did not subsist by its self for then it had been a person and then two persons mediating but there is but one Mediator ● Tim. 2. 5. 2. His humane nature subsisted in his person 1. It was sustained by it from the beginning of its Being and thus was related to the divine nature as an Effect or an Adjunct 2. It was filled with the divine nature Col. 2. 9. and thus the divine nature had a twofold respect of Subsistence one in the Godhead as he was the second person this was from Eternity another in the humane nature in time and yet but one Subsistence for this works no change in the divine nature only a relation is added to it 3. Subsisteth in it inseperably for if this union had been broken then no Mediator not God-man in one person hence when Soul and body were severed yet the divine nature preserved its union to both of them Acts 2. 31. 4. Hence assuming was no act of Christs Humiliation for 1. It was an act of his divine person and that cannot suffer 2. If it were an act of Humiliation it should be laid aside in the state of his Exaltation then the union of Christs natures should cease in heaven but this cannot be Thus of the union Next of the Communion of Christs natures only we must remember 1. Their Communion 2. But no Confusion 1. Their Communion which is personal for such is their union 1. Hence they co-operate to the same effect if the divine nature doth effect that to which the humane nature doth not concur then no work of God-man if the humane nature did that in which the divine did not concur then no act of the
publick life Answ Christ's Humiliation in his publick life was that whereby he entred into his publick life with baptisme and temptation and his course in it was a going about doing good in poverty and much labour preaching and working of miracles towards the conclusion prepared himself and his Disciples for his death 1. Christ entred into his publick life with Baptism Temptation 1. By Baptisme Mat. 3. 15. shewing himself to be the band of both the Covenants and that the Covenant of works and the covenant of grace were performed in and by him 2. By Temptation Mat. 4. the beginning of that Chap. shewing he was come upon his trial and should overcome and be able to succor the tempted 2. His course in his publick life in going about doing good Act. 10. 38. 1. in poverty 2 Cor. 8. 9. 2. In much labour 1. In preaching Luk. 4. 18. 2. Working Miracles of all sorts which was proper to Christ Mat. 11. 5 6 3. Towards the conclusion prepared himself and his Disciples for his death by his practice and his speech 1. His practice 1. His Example in giving such an excellent pattern of humility and love in washing his Disciples feet Joh. 13. 1. to the 18. 2. More especially in his Transfiguration Mat. 17. 2. And his Celebration of the Passover and abolishing of that thereby shewing he was the lamb to be offered up and appointing his Supper in the place of it Matth. 26. 17. 26. 2. By his speech 1. To God in prayer Joh. 12. 27. his most solemn prayer in Ioh. 17. 2. His speech to his disciples in the 14 15 16. Chapters of John Quest What was the Death of Christ Answ Christ's death was the extream punishment he suffered first before his Crucifixion especially in his agony in the Garden and his being arrested by a band of men with Judas being arraigned he suffered extream ignominy by derision and whipping and the sentence of condemnation but principally his suffering the Crucifixion it self Christs death was the extream punishment he suffered before his Crucifixion especially in his Crucifixion 1. Before his Crucifixion 1. Before his arraignment 1. His Soul trouble especially his Agony in the garden Luk. 22. 44. 2. His being arrested by a band of men with Judas ver 47 and 52. 2. His being arraigned before civil and ecclesiastical Tribunal Luk. 22. 54. Thus Justice pursued our Surety Isai 53. 12. 3. Vpon his arraignment followed 1. His Extream ignominy by derision and scourging Mat. 26. 67. A Sentence of condemnation Mat. 26. 27. He was reproached as a Deceiver a false Prophet a Blasphemer and many other horrible crimes for he suffered for all sorts of sins Isai 53. 5. Quest What was Christs Crucifixion Answ Christs Crucifixion was that whereby he was lifted up and hanged upon a cross and so being made a curse languished to death and suffering both a bodily and spiritual death gave up the Ghost and his body continued in the grave three dayes 1. His Crucifixion is that whereby he was lifted up and hanged upon the cross Matth. 27. 35. 2. And thus was made a curse and languished to death Gal. 3. 13. hence the death he suffered was 1. A cursed death the hanging upon the cross being a Symbolum or sign of the curse 2. A most shamefull death hanged up between the heaven and the earth as if the heaven at present rejected him and as if the earth would not bear him 3. A most tormenting death in pain and languishing especially considering the perfection of his spirits and senses and consequently the pam he felt was the greater being perfectly sensible of pain 3. Suffering both a bodily and a spiritual death 1 A spiritual death wholly deprived ●● the sense of the sweetness of the love of the Father and possessed with the sense of the contrary bitterness Mat. 27. 46. 2. Bodily death He gave up the Ghost Mat. 27. 50. 1. He was a Surety for sinners 2. Hence he was to suffer death 3. Hence must shed his heart blood 4. Hence wholly deprived of the life of joy and comfort in Soul and body 5. But yet not left to sin for that befals man because he is weak and breaks under the punishment of sin but Christ was able to endure the worst and extremity of the punishment The consequence of his death his body continued in the grave three dayes Luk 24. 7. 1. He had endured the punishment respecting sense when he said it is finished 2. Yet continued in the state of death 1. His body buryed 2. His Soul seperated from it though not suffering pain 3. The union of his Soul and likewise of his body continued unto his divine person that although they were severed one from another yet they remain united to his divine person Acts 2. 31. The second part of Redemption namely Christs Exaltation Quest What is Christs Exaltation Answ The Exaltation of Christ is his Tryumph over his and our Enemies the degrees of which are his Resurrection from the dead his ascension into Heaven his session at the right hand of the Father and at the end of the World his return in glory to be the Judge of the World 1. His Exaltation that is his Tryumph over his and our Enemies Acts 2. 35 36. Phil. 2. 8 9. 2. The degrees of which Exaltation 1. Before the end of the World 2. At the end of the world 1. Before the end of the world 1. His Resurrection his body raised Soul and body reunited and this done by his God-head Rom. 1. 4. and seen by his Disciples forty dayes Acts 1. 3. 2. His Ascension 1. His humane nature ascended into the highest Heavens by the power of his God-head Eph. 4. 10 11. his Disciples being witnesses Acts 1. 10 11 3. His session at the right hand of his Father which holds forth 1. His entertainment by his Father Psal 110. 1. having accepted him and put all things under him 1 Cor. 15. 21 22 27. 2. He well satisfied with his reward Psal 16. 11. 3. Hence his Intercession he presents his merits claimeth the performance of what was promised him respecting his glory and the good of his people Heb. 9. 24 25. 2. At the end of the World his return in glory to be the Judge of the World 1 Thes 4. 16 17. 1. In Christs humiliation the glory of Christs divine nature was hidden but not diminished in his Exaltation it is manifested but not augmented 2. His humane nature was really abased and really exalted enjoying the actings of the glory of his divine nature according to its manner and measure 3. When the day of Judgement is come and finisht he will deliver up his Kingdome to his Father as compleat and so to continue for ever but not so as to put an end to his Head-ship and Mediator-ship 1 Cor. 15. 24 28. 4. The degrees of his Exaltation are according to the degrees of his humiliation 1. Christ dyed and he rose again 2.
heart 2. Cor. 4. 13. Rom. 6. 17. 2. Causeth the soul to come to Christ Cant. 1. 4. for life Joh. 5. 40. 3. And is joyned to Christ as its spiritual head Eph. 1. 22. and this is internal and mystical none knows but he that hath it Rev. 2. 17. Quest In what manner doth the Spirit work Faith Answ The Spirit doth work Faith by an unresistible power he prepareth the heart by making it contrite and humble and then infuseth Faith Concerning the working of Faith consider who worketh it and how 1. Who worketh it It is wrought by the unresistible power of the Spirit 1. Those who are dead cannot of themselves move so are all by nature Eph. 2. 1. 2. By nature a meer resistance against the Spirit Acts 7. 51. 3. Hence the Soul at first is passive in this work moves as moved 4. The power at first put forth by the Spirit is exceeding great more then at Creation for then as there was nothing so there was no resistance but here is not a meer emptiness and nothingness but worse a Spirit of resistance against the work of Faith Eph. 1. 19. 2. How he worketh it by preparation and infusion 1. Preparation before the infusion of Faith 1. So long as there is a resisting there can be no receiving consent and dissent cannot be in the same Subject in the same part respect and time 2. But to resist and not be subject is natural Rom. 8. 7. 3. Hence the power of resistance must be taken away before an infusion of Faith a turning from sin and self before there can be a turning unto Christ This preparation is in contrition and humiliation 1. Contrition Quest What is Contrition Answ Contrition is that whereby a sinner being convinced of the evil of sin and feeling the bitterness of it is broken under the burthen of it and broken off from the same with a hatred sorrow abomination and fear of sin as the greatest evil Contrition consists of conviction and compunction 1. Conviction whereby a sinner is convicted of the evil of sin Ioh. 16. 8. Ier. 2. 19. 2. Compunction a pricking of the heart letting in a sense of the bitterness of sin into the heart Act. 6. 37. Zach. 12. 10. The effect of this brokenness of heart 1. Vnder the burden of sin as too heavy to bear 2. And off from sin as a most detestable soe and this appears 1 In respect of sins past and present 1. Hatred 2. Sorrow 3. Abomination 2 Cor. 7. 11. 2 In respect of the future a fear Psal 51. 17. Quest What is Humiliation Answ Humiliation is that whereby a sinner despairing of life in himself and of any ability of himself to go to Christ is content to be at the dispose of God and is brought down to the foot of God hence is poor in spirit and is cut off from self confidence and self-soveraignty 1. Humiliation is that whereby a sinner despaireth of life in himself for he sees himself to be naked and miserable Rev. 3. 17 18. 2. And of any ability in himself to goe to Christ that he is blind maimed and halt Luk. 14. 21. 3. Hence is content to be at the foot of God at the Lords dispose Act. 9. 6. Isa 41. 2. hence poor in spirit Mat. 5. 3. And thus is cut from self-confidence and self-severaignty 1. From self-confidence he feels its in vain for him to lean upon any thing that he hath or can doe 2. From self-soveraignty for he is weary of the yoke of sin and he cannot rule himself he is weary of himself and heavy laden Ioh. 7 20. Mat 11. 28 29. Quest What is the infusion of Faith Answ The infusion of Faith is the pouring into the heart a spirit of faith whereby the soul is affected toward Christ as a giver of life and by means of the covenant of grace cometh to Christ for life and is joyned to him as its head 1. This infusion of Faith is the pouring into the heart a spirit of Faith a disposition or spirit to believe 2. Cor. 4. 13. Hence followeth 1. The heart is affected towards Christ as the giver of life Iohn 4. 10. 2. Comes to Christ for life Ioh. 6. 37. and this is by means of the covenant of grace which containeth the promise of life to believers The Law is a means remotely to prepare for saith but the Gospel nextly as it contains the covenant of grace Gal. 3. 2. 3. And thus the soul is joyned to Christ as its head 1. Christ propounds himself as a most suitable husband and Match for the soul 2 The soul consenteth 3. By consent is joyned to Christ 1 Cor. 11. 2. Revel 22. 16. 1 Cor. 6. 17. But con 〈…〉 ing the salvation of Infants we may consider 1. Some Infants are saved otherwise all that dye in their infancy are destroyed which would be a cruel conceit Mar. 10. 15. 2. All that are saved must be saved by Christ if one might be saved without Christ then not needfull for any one whomesoever 3. All who are saved by Christ must be saved by union to Christ otherwise cannot have communion with him 4. This union to Christ must be by faith for there is no other union to Christ revealed in the Gospel 5. This Faith is wrought either mediately by means of the Gospel revealing the Covenant of grace or immediately without this Gospel revelation but those Infants whom Christ saveth are not capable of hearing and understanding the Gospel preached and yet let it not be hard for us to believe they may be saved 1. If the first Adam could convey of his sinful image to his Seed surely the second Adam the Lord Jesus can communicate of his image 2. Have Infants a union to the first Adam by natural generation or propagation and shall not some Infants have union to the second Adam in the way of regeneration surely Christ hath as much power to save Infants as Adam had to destroy them Rom. 5. 20. Qu. What is Communion with Christ mystically considered Answ Communion with Christ is that whereby Christ doth communicate unto a believer a state of life and makes him partaker of life it self and thus hath communion with Christ not only relatively in Justification and Adoption but by real communication in sanctification and glorification 1. A believer having union to Christ hath communion with Christ Eph. 1. 3. Rom. 8. 32. 2. Hence communion 1. In respect of the state of life 2. In life itself and thus is translated from death to life 1 Joh. 3. 14. The first is communion relatively in Justification Adoption 1. He that was condemned is now absolved in Justification 2. He that was a stranger from God yea an Enemy is become a friend yea a child of God in Adoption The second is communion by way of real communication and as the former respects condition so this respects disposition And this is in sanctification and glorification 1. He that was filthy