difficulty were by the discretion of some appeased at the next meeting arose 3 others but the chief difference was about the proportioning of the charge the Spanish seeking to turn the greatest part thereof on the Venetians and they on them and with such earnestness as if they had met for bettering their particular states rather than for the common good for the Spaniard the War being risen between the Venetian and Turk and through the Popes indulgence raising vast summs of mony upon his Clergy cared not for entring into any further League with the Venetians but as it were in courtesie to send them a yearly ayd for a defensive lingting War and so to keep the Turk's busied upon them farther off from his Territories but the Venetians were even for the same reasons moved to shorten the War whose Customs also were greatly impaired and their Traffique almost quite cut off Thus was all the last year and a great part of this spent in turbulent conferences but uothing concluded which troubled the Venetians not a little being of themselves too weak for so mighty an enemy as Selimus but on a sudden and unexpected they might choose either to joyn in League with the Pope and the King or agree with Selimus for Muhamet the chief Bassa devised how to cross the rising of Mustapha the Competitour of his Honor and to help the Venetians to whom he was much beholden He by secret Messengers had oft put the Venetian Embassadour in hope that if suit were made to Selimus for peace it would be granted promising himself to be an Intercessour but finding him to give small credit to their talk who had before deceived them he did not so give over the matter but for the 〈◊〉 took opportunity to tell Selimus that it was reported the Venetians weary of their long Altercation with the Spaniards and now destitute of all hope and ayd would happily grant him that they had before denied Selimus not unwilling so to hear he proceeded to know what he would have done therein by the way perswading him to what he most wished himself secretly advertising the Embassadour there was great hope of peace Wherefore the Senate under colour of exchanging prisoners and redeeming Merchants goods should send one to Constantinople with whom he would secretly confer of what might further the pacification The Senate thinking it much to concern their State to have a way on tolerable conditions to make peace if the League with the Spaniard could not be concluded chose one Ragazonius a man of great dexterity and wit in any matter and exceeding rich and of a very good carriage things thought of great moment to win the favour of that covetous and barbarous Nation certifying the Pope and Spaniard and other Christian Princes of his sending yet of purpose concealing the secret drift of his going who with thorow-Instructions was in a Galley conducted to Ragusium and was met by Muhamet's son by his Fathers appointment upon the Frontiers safely to conduct him and have him convoyed till out of all danger Ragazonius was by night 〈◊〉 received into Constantinople and brought into an obscure Inne with a guard over him that he should speak with no man but after 3 dayes he was removed much better and presented with divers kinds of dainty dishes Having access to Muhamet after his Message delivered about prisoners and Merchants goods He asked him if he had nothing from the Senate concerning a pacification Who answered he had but he must 〈◊〉 speak with the Embassadour without whom he was to do nothing The Bassa to terrifie him declared the exceeding strength of the Turks both by Land and sea yet so as not to cut off the hope of a pacification saying The Venetians had done better if they had at first listened to him yet as the case stood it should be to their great good by yielding up Cyprus to gain to themselves perpetual tranquillity the Island it self being now not worth the hazarding so many dangers c. Ragazonius being cool and advised and perceiving the Bassa was not to be contraried so answered as that he shewed no token of fear nor let any word fall that might offend his eares This was at their first meeting Ragazonius having leave to speak with the Embassadour who lay at Pera under safe keeping in passing over the Turks of purpose with a Fleet of Galleys encountred each other like a sea-fight who smiling said 't was a pretty childish sport for him that never saw the like but not to them who were acquainted with these things in earnest as the Turks should well know when ever they would prove the Venetians at sea Coming to the Embassadour he by large conference resolved with him what to do and returning to Muhamet easily dispatched with him about prisoners and goods but as to the Capitulations of a pacification They were at first as if they would never agree but after much conference they were likely enough to have agreed Pope Pius and Philip of Spain began to imagine that Ragazonius was sent about some 〈◊〉 of Peace what ever colour it was covered with Wherefore doubting 〈◊〉 the Turk having made peace with the Venetians should turn his Forces upon one or both of them they speedily hastened the former delayed League the Pope sending Columnius to Venice who declared to the Senate how matters had passed at Rome concerning the League what harm might ensue of the same neglected and how much it concerned the common good but them especially to have it speedily confirmed c. Though many enclined thereto yet many could not be resolved whether it were better to embrace peace with the Turk or the League with the Pope and King and that for divers reasons on both hands and after so weighty a matter had been with great contention thorowly debated in the Senate the League was by most voices as most honourable received and the Turks peace rejected a Decree being made to that effect Ragazonius by secret Letters understanding hereof dealt more warily with Muhamet and more hardly to yield to his demands and devising many difficulties requested that he might return to Venice to be resolved of many things by the Senate whereof he of himself could not judge and so to return again with more certain Instructions c. His request obtained he speedily got out of Constantinople but was scarce out of the Gates when the report of the League was brought to Court Which made his way the more troublesome and frustrated the exchange of prisoners and Merchants goods Ragazonius declaring to the Senate the Turks drift his conference with the Bassa and the forwardnesse of the peace was by them highly commended and honourably rewarded The Commissioners at Rome the while concluded a League which they would have perpetual for invasive and defensive wars against the Turk which the Pope King of Spain and Senate confirmed by oath May 20. 1571. The sea and Land-Forces were to consist of 200 Galleys 100
besides which calamities of War the great Sultan found no small wants both in his Coffers and other necessary supplies for maintenance of his Warres chiefly in Hungary and that by the revolt of those three aforesaid Countries But their wholsom confederation being now broken the Transilvanian Prince Sigismund now left as it were all alone and fearing least his Countrey should with himself fall into the Turks Polonians or some other his Enemies hands resigned Transilvania unto the Emperour and his Heires for ever and so leaving his Wife there himself went into Silesia to take possession of two Dukedoms which with the yearly Pension of fifty thousand Joachims or the Revenues of the Bishopwrick of 〈◊〉 he in lieu thereof received of the EMPEROUR whereupon Transilvania was by the general consent of those States in the beginning of one thousand five hundred ninety eight delivered up to the three Emperours Commissioners and an Oath of obedience taken of them all although both the Commissioners and Emperour would have perswaded the Prince either not at all or not so suddenly to have forsaken his Country who was the natural Prince thereof and exceedingly beloved of his Subjects These Commissioners likewise in June following took the like Oath of Michael and his people in Valachia they loathing the Turkish Soveraignty They also then agreed with the Tartars Embassadors who offered 〈◊〉 peace and ayd for forty thousand Duckats yearly and as many Sheepskin-Gowns their usual Apparell All this while continued the Diet begun at Ratisbone in December last Matthias being there his Brother's Deputy who demanded more ayd against the Turk than against the PRINCES and STATES of the Empire offered where at last a large proportion was agreed upon for defraying the charges of those Warres to be payd in three years next and so the Assembly was dissolved but as they returned home RAB one of the strongest Fortresles of Christendom was by Lord Swartzenburg again recovered to the great grief of the storming TURKS and joy of the Christians after this manner The Lord SWARTZENBURG then laying at Komara doubting of some attempt of the TURKS at Rab against him kept continuall Watch and Ward all that Winter time with a strong Garrison the Spring approaching it hapned March 22th about night the Gates being shut two Italians were heard nigh the Walls earnestly requesting to be let in for fear of the Enemies pursuit which being told the Governour by a Gentinel he doubting it to be some subtilty of the Enemy bad them there to tarry till morning and then being let in they prostrating themselves before the Governour pittifully requested him to comfort them with his charitable relief that they might return into their own Countrey answering to him demanding of them that they were Italians and had even then escaped out of the Turks hands at Rab and though they shewed by their gesture not to know any newes yet he would needs know of them when and how they were taken by the Turks and how they escaped out of that cruel servitude so the younger told him that when the Christians were overthrown by the Turks under Agria they having by flight escaped the greatest danger and travelling towards Vienna were by a hundred Turks come out of Rab taken and committed to the Chain where they had almost two years with great patience served telling him also they had been three moneths before carefully devising how to recover their lost liberty which now seemed to make some offer of it self unto them for since the departure of the Emperours Army from the Town they lay as men not much regarded so one day as they were carrying munition from the Pallace of Giaffar for the Souldiers they secretly conveyed three Pieces of Coard by night to let themselves down from the Wall burying the Coard in the ground but night come and they roaming in the dark and still finding one let or other they were forced to defer it till the night following when as they fastning the Coard above slid down one after another the younger though he could not swim being by the assistance of the elder conducted over the broad and deep Ditch and so in the great darkness of the night they were come by chance to Komara thinking to have gone to Vienna The Governour now demanded further how Rab was governed and guarded they told him Very ill and with small care especially since the departure of the Emperors Camp and that four of the Gates being filled up with Earth if broken open would fall into the Ditch and further them that would attempt to enter with divers others particulars Whereupon he requested Lord Palfi in all haste and secresie with 1600 Foot and what Horse he could make to come unto him who presently setting forward by night March 26 before day with 1400 Foot and 120 Horse arrived at Komara where they entring the Gates were again fast shut and so kept for fear of the Enemies Spies so Swartzenburg and Palfi fully discoursing of the intended enterprise and resolving thereon they found they had 2600 Foot and 300 Horse all couragious men who staying two dayes and many of them confessing and receiving the Sacrament now doubted not to encounter a far greater number of Turks than themselves And the more to incite them Palfi delivered to them a notable Speech yet not telling them whither they were to go at the end whereof they all cryed aloud They were most ready to do any of their Commands and follow them any whither and so having well refreshed themselves about the 11th houre March 27 they in good order set forward towards Rab and least the Enemy should have warning of what was intended Palfi ordered Stroine his Maior to follow softly after him with 1700 Horse and Foot so upon the break of day they drew towards Rab lying in close ambush about 7 miles short of the Town and night being come in two houres march they drew near Rab where they stayed about five houres sending before them a French Engineer with 13 others rewarded with 1500 Duckats having with them four Petards where they found the Draw-bridge down because the Turks then secure hourely expected some Wagons with Provision from Alba Regalis whereby they coming to the Gate unperceived and fastning their forcible Engines thereunto gave fire to the same and being not gone far were descryed and asked by a Sentinel What they were but was presently answered by the Petards which in a trice tore in sunder the Gate with some of the Wall and adjacent Fortifications The Watch now gave the Alarum the Christians thrusting in took the Gate no Turk yet coming to hinder their entrance 200 Turks first appeared with their hideous cry Alla Alla but were overcharged by 300 already entred The Bassa also came on with above one thousand following him with the greatest Turkish courage and fury where after two hours most terrible fight the Bassa being slain the Turks a little retired whereby one thousand
keeping whereof Ferents Captain of the Haiducks put therein a Garrison of Haiducks and Turks as not daring to trust the Haiducks alone for fear of treachery nor the Turks for their desire of the place for its commodious scituation This Castle Valiant Collonitz all the wayes being beset 〈◊〉 numbers of Turks Tartars and Rebells had in vain oft sought to relieve neither durst he well trust his own men most being Haiducks for fear of being betrayed Concerning which matters he in a Writing to a Nobleman first shewing his earnest desire to be discharged of his service brake forth that the Enemies strength and number more and more encreasing things could not be in a worse state than they were and he being attended on with very Traicours could not possibly serve the Emperour without a sufficient strength of Germane Souldiers yet this most comforted him that he had done his duty or else this mischief had spread further that the Enemies were then in his Dukedom of 〈◊〉 spoyling all and reckoning up 25 strong Towns and places in upper Hungary beside almost all Transilvania subject to Rebels Now if Collonitz was thus beset and spoiled of his Substance having at one time received hurt to the valeu of a hundred thousand Duckats and not daring to trust his own Hungarians in what state may the rest of the people be thought to have bin being at the same time exposed to the Rebells Turks Tartars for a prey But 4000 Haiducks attempting to surprize Wiglace were so repulsed thence that many being slain 35 Waggons could scarce carry the wounded over the Mountains 100 died by the way But going thence and rifling all 〈◊〉 's Country they commanded all the States within 3 dayes to submit and swear fealty to Botscay or expect all extremities which for fear they promised to do to Botscay's Lievtenant Now were 2 grave Counsellours sent in the Emperor's name to treat with Botscay of peace who sent before them an Herauld to Cassovia to advertise him of their comming whom the Turks so straitly kept that none might speak with him but Botscay 〈◊〉 he also but in the open hearing of the Turks Botscay told him if the Embassadours were sent from the Nobility States of Hungary they should be right welcome to him but if from the Emperour they should come no farther for that all matters had with him been oft enough talked of now more than time to be performed The Messenger returning told them what he said and that the Haiducks had built a very high Bulwark in Cassovia beset the gates with strong guards and so filled the Trenches with Souldiers that a man could hardly enter the City yet one might safely go and come about his businesse also that Redeius had assembled all Governours thereabouts advising them to beware of the excursions of the Haiducks for 14 dayes and the while to bring their wives and children and best things into the City because he could not as yet govern the Head-strong Haiducks being yet in their rage and fury of whom some bringing many Cattel from towards Newhuse were by Collonitz and Trautmanstorff pursuing them with their Horsmen overthrown and all the booty recovered About which time Botscay March 29. by Letters declaring the necessity 〈◊〉 defending their Priviledges and Religion against strangers summoned all the Nobility and States of Hungary to an Assembly to be holden at Serents April 17. and declaring that those who upon a presumptuous or careless contempt should not come should be accounted Enemies to their Country and their goods to be disposed of as should to the Nobles and States then and there assembled be thought meet Much about this time there was a great tumult of the Court-Souldiers at Constantinople a great fire then arising in the City as hath bin often done by the Janizaries who in such confusion make their own gaines wherein many men women perished with above 500 rich Shops and Ware-houses most belonging tothe Jews of whom almost 200 were said to be burnt The young Sultan 〈◊〉 and seeing the like to arise at Pera on th' other side of the Haven could not think but the Souldiers were about fome dangerous Treason which suspition 2 Messengers lately come from Cicala encreased who desired speedy supplies for having in a great Battel lost a number of men he must else retire and leave all to the Persian Howbeit the fire quenched and the Souldiers with spoil satisfied the tumult was with much ado quieted Now Basta's Souldiers seeing neither pay nor other relief to come unto them rose in mutiny and in great rage brake into his Lodging where heaping upon him many Reproaches with their pieces bent against him and spoiling certain Carriages richly laden they left him marching towards Presburg so rifling and spoiling whatever came in their way that they seemed to the people worse than very Turks and Tartars carrying away besides other very great prey above 10000 Oxen and 2000 Horses and threatning as they went to burn the Suburbs of Presburg if they were not forthwith paid Whereupon many Citizens for fear removed to Vienna But the Rebels again in great number besieging New-soli April 16. 〈◊〉 it to the exceeding loss of the Citizens other of their fellows but the day before taking 〈◊〉 and divers other places Thus while both Haiducks and Imperials 〈◊〉 the upper Hungary the poor Husbandmen leaving their dwellings and what they had fled some into Poland others into the Mountains where many perished with 〈◊〉 the Husbandman now dared not to go forth to till nor the Shepherd to feed his flock all places being filled with misery mourning and heaviness The Turks and Tartars being not the causers thereof but even the divided Christians themselves These troubles also brake out in other adjoyning Provinces chiefly into Moravia which the Haiducks miserably spoiled with fire and sword taking certain Towns by force and 〈◊〉 them carryed away the very little children to be sold afterwards to the Turks for remedy of which encreasing-mischiefs Lichtenstein the Governour raising all his power went against them with much ado drave them out of the Country yet they carried away much of its wealth and 4000 Captives appointed to Turkish slavery Basta also laying at Presburg and hearing that of 14000 Turks and Tartars comming to St. Georges 6000 of them were gone over Danubius that whilst they made a road into Austria the rest might attempt Presburg followed them to cut off straglers who otherwise might have done great harm leaving but 300 Walloon Horse with some Foot-Companies to keep the City These 300 expert Horsmen by night going forth where the rest of the Haiducks and Turks securely lay suddenly fell upon them and slaying above 500 before the rest could arm returned with some few Horses of service to Presburg In the mean time they of Comara hearing that Begedes Bassa was to go with a notable Convoy from Buda with 17 Waggons of mony c. to Botscay and the Tartar-Chams
Impe ialls in their Camp whereof they timely advertised so received them at their coming that after a small fight they fled whom the Imperials so 〈◊〉 towards Canisia that they slew above 1000 took about 200 with 1500 Horse and leaving sufficient Garrisons on that side of the Countrey 〈◊〉 towards Vienna Decemb. 6th the Emperours Commissioners at Comara receiving Letters from the Bassa of Buda some of them next day went by water thither where after much talk they found little difficulty about a peace onely the Turks said they could determine nothing without the 〈◊〉 and consent of the Hungarians so they returned full of hope to Comara as did Forgat from Botscay who being ready to go from Kirpay 〈◊〉 Cassovia gave power to Illishascius for furtherance of the Treaty who having Letters of safe conduct from the ARCH DUKE went to 〈◊〉 about the end of December where he talked an hour and half with the Arch-Duke and every day after conferred with the Councellors 4 houres at last composing all differences touching the peace except five Articles concerning freedom of Religion in any wise required by the Hungarians The Haiducks in Hungary began the next year 1606 with great harm in upper Hungary tyrannizing upon all sorts of men and giving divers assaults to divers Cities were valiantly repulsed by the Polonians and Cossacks 〈◊〉 Defendants yet did they no small harm to the Country-people wherefore the King of Poland upon complaint obtained by his Embassador to Botscay that those 〈◊〉 should be recalled Illishaschius had so well dealt in the Treaty of peace that about the end of Jan. it should have been published at Vienna but that some chief Clergymen would not consent to the free exercise of Religion to all but onely to the Nobility whereupon the Hungarian Commissioners being about to return greatly discontented nothing being concluded the Emperours Deputies at length agreed that the free Exercise both of the reformed as well as the Romish Religion should be permitted to all men throughout Hungary as it was in Maximilians and Ferdinand's time concerning which point Letters were delivered to Illishascius all other points being put off to the Assembly of the States of Hungary shortly to be holden at Presburg About the beginning of March the Spahi at Constantinople requested of the Visier that they might take up their Pension of the Husband men in the Countrey which though he denied as commanded by the Sultan in few dayes to pay every one in money yet they presumed to trouble the Countrey and do the Farmers great harm wherefore the Sultan beheaded and hanged some of the chief leaders of them drowning others first bound in Chains so striking no small fear into the other common Souldiers but the Rebellion in Asia encreasing and those Rebels secretly favouring and furthering the proceedings of the Persian the Sultan forthwith sent sent for the Visier to go into Asia against them both committing the while the managing of the Warre in Hungary unto his Lievtenant March 18th being appointed for the Turks and Emperours Commissioners to meet at Rab to further the peace not past 50 Turks coming to the Gate desired to be let in whom the Christians being about to receive a Sentinel it being a thick mist perceived 3000 more Turks lurking thereby and giving an Alarm 〈◊〉 their treachery who retired the Ordnance being discharged after them Next moneth Messengers came from Eperia to Vienna declaring that the City was now so on every side beset by the Rebels that no provision could more come thereunto by which meanes they had lately obtained Tokay where the Souldiers eating their shooes and leather-Jerkins had killed two Boyes to eat and cast lots among themselves which should be killed to eat Ruber the Governour was forced to yield whom Botscay is said to have offered much money c. to take his part but he refused all protesting even unto death to abide faithful to the Emperour About which time 〈◊〉 wrote to a great man at Vienna declaring that Botscay without the consent of the States of Hungary could determine nothing of the peace who had oft told him rather than to submit to a forraign power for ever to put themselves under Turkish protection yet he promised that though he had got the great displeasure of the 〈◊〉 he would yet seek by all meanes to draw the States in their next Assembly unto him whereby that which was concluded at Vienna about Religion should not be reversed for many he said feared that particular would not be performed wherefore they would not be perswaded from Turkish protection till they were secured both in their Religion and ancient priviledges and that they would not endure a forraign Governour with whom they could not talk nor Clergy men to vote in civil affaires therefore he thought it very needful for the Emperour herein to gratifie them and that 〈◊〉 being now left to Botscay he should appoint such a Governour over Hungary as those States should require for there was no hope of peace with the Turks unless Botscay and the States undertook the Treaty since they by a shew of peace were oft discovered but to seek for their own advantages But the Rebels seeing Illishachius labour so much about peace in scorn called him Cripelishacius as inclining too much to the Germanes which he took so ill that he departed to Eperia not purposing to be present at the next Assembly But Botscay pacifying and recalling him he there so notably spake to the States that all began to hope and wish for peace more than before The Turks the while assembling at Belgrade expected the end of this Treaty and Letters from the Sultan to Botscay were also intercepted advising him to joyn with his forces and seize upon Austria Bohemia and 〈◊〉 for he could be content with Hungary and Transilvania leaving the other Provinces unto Botscay About which time the Tartars were about to inroad into Polonia but when by often incursions they had not a little troubled the Haiducks they resolved thenceforth to fight both against Turks and Tartars so that the Turks coming to assault Lippa the Haiducks leaving the Town fortified the Castle with men and bestowing others in Caves and Cellars in the Town layed much Gunpowder in the streets the Turks entring unresisted hasted to take the Castle but the while the Powder taking fire blew up a number of them and those who lay hid forthwith breaking out made of the Turks a great slaughter and so cleared the Town The Estates of Austria considering their great harms received both from the Rebels and Emperours mutinous Souldiers and no more to rely upon forrain protection still to seek when they had most need in a generall Assembly agreed to have 2000 Horse and 8000 Foot alwayes in readiyess 50 Pesants 〈◊〉 one of those Souldiers And much about this 〈◊〉 Illishaschius having Letters of safe conduct from the Arch-Duke came again to Vienna more largely to confer with the Emperours Deputies
upon the Articles of peace where he was so crossed by the Bishop of Vienna in respect of the Article about liberty of Religion that there was no hope of a conclusion while he was 〈◊〉 in Councel wherefore he was in the Arch-Dukes name willed no more to come into the Councel So Illishaschius having travelled to and fro betwixt the Arch-Duke and Botscay with the States of Hungary and debated the matter for a full conclusion himself with Humanoius and divers others with their Train came to Vienna Septemb. 7th and shortly after the Treaty was earnestly begun with often Messengers betwixt Vienna and Cassovia to Botscay then dangerously sick till all the Articles of peace were near about Septemb. 14th agreed on most difference arising about that of Religion for the Hungarians bringing the word Religion to a particularity would have it set down that men might freely exercise the Lutheran Calvinian and Romish Religion without which they would conclude no peace which concluded they next day sent to the Visier at Buda certifying him of all and requesting him not yet to do any thing for disturbing of the peace The 15 Articles were 1. Every man in Hungary to have freedom of his Religion and believe what he would 2. The Hungarians might choose a Palatine for their Governour and the while the Arch Duke to use the Title of Viceroy 3. That Crown to be still in the 〈◊〉 keeping 4. The Hungarian Bishops nobly descended and that had Lands of their own to be admitted to Counsel but the other not so 5. Botscay and his Heires male for eyer to hold Transilvania 6. Transilvania to be still subject to Hungary 7. Three Crowns and three open Helmets to be for his Arms. 8. No more to style himself Prince but Lord of part of Hungary 9. Those to pay the Haiducks who levied them 10. All harms to be for ever forgotten 11. Bohemia Moravia Silesia Lausnicium and Austria not onely to seal to the Articles but swear to keep them so far as concerned them 12. The Hungarians to send some to Vienna in their behalf to ratifie them also with their Letters Seals Oaths 13. The Assembly of the Hungarian-States to be referred till a more fit time 14. This agreement to be confirmed and inrolled in the Records of Hungary 15. The Hungarians might by Embassadors invite the Princes of the Empire to approve and confirm these Articles which were subscribed by Commissioners on both sides Septemb. 20 Botscay and the Hungarian's Embassador admitted to the Arch-Duke's presence obtained of him pardon for all the fore-passed Rebellion to whom the Provinces also gave 〈◊〉 not to be troubled for the same but yet was the Title of Prince of Transilvania left to Botscay for his life whose sickness increasing he would oft say he could willingly die so it might please God first to permit him to excuse himself of his Rebellion before the whole Empire and about the end of September the Commissioners on both sides and certain Noblemen of the Empire received every one a fair Copy of the Articles of the peace in Parchment and then returned to their dwellings but 〈◊〉 went to Newhuse to be present at the peace to be made with the Turks also whence he wrote to the Visier requesting him not yet to attempt any thing but quietly to expect the Emperour's Commissioners shortly to come unto him But while this peace was in hand some Tartars at Constantinople firing a Jew's House there was such a terrible fire that not onely many Houses but many Jewes were burnt also the harm being valued at 4000000 Duckats the Sultan also falling from his Horse in the Tumult was a while sick thereof Also the Turks of Canisia conspiring with a Captain of the lesser Comara came to surprize it but the suspicious Garrison suffering some to enter shut the Gates and killed them every one the rest returning to Canisia The Emperours Commissioners going to Comara about a peace with the Turks the Army followed them lest they should be intercepted by the way who carried with them Solyman the Bassa of Buda and Aly Bassa prisoners apparelled in blew Silk 6 Wagons with Presents for the Sultan following them to 〈◊〉 a most curious Clock fair Pieces of Plate 100000 Duckats with divers rich things But while they there stayed Octob. 8th when as a Hungarian Lutheran was preaching in the Pulpit to the people in the Suburbs Buchem and Knevie Captains with certain of their Servants above half drunk rushing in with their drawn Swords 〈◊〉 out the Preacher Buchem's Trumpeter discharging his Pistoll upon him in which Tumult divers Children were trod to death and the rest put in great fear at which insolency Turson and Budian Hungarian Commissioners would next day have departed from Comara being hardly entreated by Mollart and Collonitz to stay Buchem and Knevie being bound to their appearance and the Trumpeter with Irons clapt in prison but when fame had made the Report hereof at Newhuse much more than it was as that 150 were slain Illishaschius and others had much adoe to appease the tumult there the Huugarians determining to joyn with some Turks and Haiducks and so by night to invade Comara had not grave Pogranius the elder coming thence and declaring the whole matter appeased them but since the said Captains were fled by night to Vienna the Hungarians were very earnest to have them severely punished as breakers of the first Article of the peace Botscay the while beheaded Catayus his Chancellour who went about to poyson him in hope of the Princedom of Transilvania placing Janusy in his stead and giving him his Lands Caesar Galen with some other Captains being now appointed to finde out some commodious and secure place for the Turks Emperours and Hungarians Commissioners to meet in at length made choice of three Islands encompassed with the arms of Danubius whereinto they might freely passe over one to another to treat of their affaires as occasions required and being all thus apart arrived in the Islands toward the end of Octob. and first by themselves then mutually consulting and conferring Novemb. 19th the peace was betwixt all parties fully agreed upon and Hostages with solemn Oaths and promises given for the inviolate keeping of the same the Articles were 1. The Emperour and great Sultan in all their Letters c. to style themselves onely Father and Sonne the Emperour Father for his years and the Sultan's Sonne 2. To take on them onely the name of Emperours in the beginning of their Letters 3. They to take order that Hungary and Austria might be assured in full peace and tranquillity 4. The King of Spain might enter into this peace without let 5. The Tartars and all others to be comprized herein so to be disarmed and the Hungarians assured from their injuries 6. Each party to forbear all acts of Hostility against each other yet to have power to pursue Theeves and Robbers c. and to give notice of them and
themselves in Arms and received fourty Troops of Horse for succour from Constantinople the Commander of them having Commission to try to gain the Bassa by fair means and for that end to offer him the Government of Buda for his own with divers other advantages which the said Bassa accepting and resting secure was seised on and lost his head Much about that time it hapned That one of the Ministers of the Divan presuming to speak but a word in the presence of the Grand Seignior in favour of Ragotzi was presently strangled Yet Prince Ragotzi being in hope to win favour from the Grand Seignior was content to deliver to him the fortresse of Varadin But fearing the Grand Seignior might lay claim to the two Countries he held in Hungary he yielded them to the Emperour's protection June the 7th The Bey of Jergay being Resolved to joyn with the Rebells in Asia under pretence that he had been grieved by the Bassa of Gran Cairo got an Army of 30000 men hoping to make them up 100000 by the aid of the Saniac's of Egypt who were mostly Christians so that the Sultan not knowing how to entrap him was much perplexed which was like to divert his fury from Dalmatia But divers of 〈◊〉 Ring leaders were executed whose sons and Heirs sided with the Persians for revenge The Venetian Generallissimo Morisini riding near the Dardanelles took two Turkish Vessels laden with provisions for candia but twelve got through which were carrying provision for the Turkish Fleet July 8. Their Embassador Bellarini was commanded to appear before the chief Vizier by whom he was seriously examined how far his Commission did extend about an accommodation and whether his Masters would not quit candia for a considerable sum To which he answered that there was no likelihood any such Proposal should be hearkned unto whereupon they threatned the Venetian State and the Embassador was re-committed to his old custody The great Turk extraordinarily honored the French Embassador having heard of the peace between France and Spain fearing lest they should aid the Venetian State which for so many years alone sustained the fury of that mighty enemy of the Christian name July 27. contarini captain of the Venetian Galleys hearing that about 28 Turks Galleys were near the Dardanelles he engaged them and put them to flight many being taken with two principal persons on the Turks side but he lost but few the greatest fury of the encounter having fallen upon the captain Generall 's ship Aug. 2 the Pirates of Algiers took severall Ships from the Christians and at one time 7 together two of them were Holland ships Laden with fine Linnen and other commodities valued at 100000 crowns Prince Ragotzi desired the Germane Emperour to take his Forts into his protection lest the Turk should take them into his own power and so infest Hungary with his forces Hereupon the Emperors forces in Hungary went to take possession of them In Venice Aug. 15. A tempest rose on a sudden which overturned divers houses dispersed and tore abundance of boats and the Arms of the Seignory which were in Marble upon the frontispiece of the Arsenal were blown down And on the 24 of Aug. another great tempest brake down great part of St. Maries Church the mischief done by it being valued at above 100000 crowns The Emperour determining to take Ragotzi into his protection ordered forces to be on the Frontires of Hungary under the command of Arch-Duke Leopold and Gonzaga marched thither with 2500 fresh men that if the Turks should meditate a passage into Hungary they might make it a matter of difficulty for they threatned to make their way through Hungary to fall upon Venice The Grand Seignior departed from constantinople Sept. 7. in regard the pestilence increased daily and he intended to take this occasion finally to extirpate the Rebels to which end he ordered most of the Divan to accompany him with the Janizaries and Spahies and all that he could collect leaving the care of his affairs to the Muphti and his mother the Sultana The chief Visier ordered two new Forts to be built near the Dardanelles but that work was much Interrupted by the frequent shooting of contarini Captain of the Venetian Galleys who retarded it though he could not 〈◊〉 it Prince Ragotzi encountred with his competitor who was back't by the Turks aud defeated him who took refuge in the Castle Deina that Garrison intending to deliver him to Ragotzi who thereupon was received by the Nobility and Gentry whereby his establishment was compleated The great Turk onely required a sum of mony to defray his expences which he sustained in the quarrel of the other Prince A Table whereby you may find most of the remarkable Passages contained in this foregoing History A. AChmat I. crown'd Emperour of Turks 1233. confirms Hasan in his Generalship 1247. besiegeth Strigonium 1255. but depart 1260. besiegeth it again 1285. and wins it 1288. concludes Articles of peace with the Emperour 1296 1297. marries his Daughter to Mechmet Bassa 1340. commands every Nation to wear its own habit 1387. confirms his peace with the Emperour for 20 years 1400. and dies 1406. having first appointed his Brother to be his Successour 1408. Achmat II. established Emperour of the Turks captivates 50000 Christians 1427. strangles the aspiring Visier Bassa 1428. beheads a Persian Embassadour and defeats the Prince of Valachia 1433. imprisons Christian Embassadors 1435. drives Ragotzi out of his Country 1437. honours the French Embassadour 1446. departs from Constantinople 1447. Achomates Bajazets son comes to Scutari and sollicites for resignation of the Empire 455. spoyls Bythinia 457. puts his Father's Embassadours to death and is proclaimed Traytor 458. surpriseth useg 467. and is strangled 471. Aladin Kingdom erected 64. Aladin Sultan of Iconium dies 121. Aleppo's Bassa overthrowes the Bassa of Damasco wins Tripolis 1290. withstands the Turks Forces but flies 1301. Alexander made Vayvod of Moldavia 1381. puts the Horroveans and Tartars to flight 1382. and Turks 1385 1390. invades Valachia 1391. is taken and sent to Constantinople 1398. Alexius made Emperour of Greece 34. is deposed and strangled 40. Alexius Angelus crowned Emperour of Greece 44. seeks the life of Isaac his Brother's son 65. 〈◊〉 from Constantinople 67. is put to death by the Latines 73. Alexius Ducas or 〈◊〉 betrayes young Alexius 68. is chosen Emperour and strangles Alexius 69. his eyes are put out 73. Algier is perplexed with great drought but Christian Captives through their prayers obtain rain 1354. Almericus chosen King of Jerusalem drives Saracon out of Egypt 45. and dies 48. Alphix Sultan of Egypt razeth Tripolis 112. and dies at Damasco 113. Scanderbeg's Nephew flies to Mahomet 346. invades Epirus 347. is created King thereof 350. is taken Prisoner and brought to Scanderbeg 352. is sreed 353. returns to Constantinople and dies 354. Amurath I. made King of Turks 170. takes Dydimothicum 170. Hadrianople 172. and Nissa 175. overthrowes Aladin Sultan of
Christian Religion to be freely preached in his Dominions and the converts to be baptized c. Edward what he might disswaded them from it saying They were enemies to the Crosse of Christ c. But the Peace concluded they said they might not break and so hoysing sail they returned toward Sicily with purpose next Spring to go into Syria But being come nigh the Isle Drepanum most of the great ones went on Land in boats for the ships being most of great burthen they could not put in to the harbour As they lay at Anchor some were eaten up some perished by falling foul of each other others beaten to pieces by a violent tempest above a 120 sail perished with all the people c. only Prince Edward's 13 ships escaped free without any losse The Plague followed them at Land Theobald of Navarre and his Wife dying Lewis his daughter the French Queen with a number of others so that Philip the French King discouraged returned into France as did the rest into their own Countrey Onely Edward at Spring set forward to Ptolemais from Sicily where after a moneths rest marching with 6 or 7000 into the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nazareth putting all to the sword and returned killing afterward and putting to flight his enemies following and hoping for advantage And about Mid-summer killed above 1000 Saracens dispersed the rest making head at Cackhow about 40 miles off Aided by the Cyprians he with like successe made a 3d expedition that for his fame they not a little dreaded him But the Admiral of Joppa one of the Mahometan Assassins 〈◊〉 it meritorious to kill any great enemy of their 〈◊〉 feigning a desire to become Christian had sundry times secret intelligence with the Prince Who being searched had accesse to him lying through hear on his bed bare-headed and pulling out pleasing letters from his Lord which he read but the company voided as he farther questioned with him he suddenly pluckt out an envenomed knife secretly hidden to strike him into the 〈◊〉 the Prince lifting up his arm was grievously wounded therein but as he went to double the stroak he felled him to the ground with his foot and wresting the knife out of his hand and hurt in the forehead he presently slew the murtherer The servants running in one beat out the dead man's brains with a stool to the Princes displeasure The wound in his arm began to mortifie after certain daies dressing that the Surgions began to look heavily yet cutting out all the dead and poysoned flesh they perfectly cured him in 15 daies after The Sultan sent calling his Prophet to 〈◊〉 it was not done by his consent whose Embassadours were not suffered to come nigh him So no expected aid comming in 18 moneths he returned homeward travelling from Apulia to Rome and by France arrived in England where Henry a little before dead he was Crowned in 1272 Gregory 10th knowing the Christians hard state in Syria being lately there with Edward ratified the election of Rodulph of Hapspurge to the Empire upon promise of giving them relief offering the Emperour also 200000 crowns with all tenths for 6 years many blessings being by the Preachers in his name promised to all taking on them the holy war Whereupon he and shortly the Duke of Lorrain and others took on them the Crosse yet busied in other wars and delaying so long and dangerous a journey the threatning Pope died and nothing was done At length the Emperour at some good leasure sent Henry Prince of Meckelburg 〈◊〉 a strong power to perform what he had 〈◊〉 who from Ptolemais destroyed all with fire and 〈◊〉 about Damasco carrying away rich booties till circumvented by the Mamalukes he at Caire remained 26 years in prison till a runagate German being Sultan demanded of him If it would not do him good to celebrate the Nativity of his Christ in Germany the time being at hand I know said he thou respectest that more than liberty Truth said Henry for liberty would avail me nothing if Christ by his Incarnation had not taken away our Captivity therefore I wish I could perswade thee how much all owe to the remembrance thereof God forbid said the Sultan for when I was thy Fathers chief Engineer at Knesefenick I was of the Christian perswasion but leaving that Errour I have also changed my fortune but wouldst thou gladly be free and return home to thy friends Nature craveth it said he though fortune which yet dependeth of thy pleasure gainsayeth I must take thy denial in good part assuring my self that my Wife and beloved Sons have long since ended their mourning Thou art 〈◊〉 said the Sultan c. I owe much to thy Father's remembrance and therefore give thee thy liberty furnishing him with necessaries He departed with one Martin his servant with him all his Captivity and came to Ptolemais and in the way to Cyprus was as a fugitive taken by sea and brought to the Sultan who set him again at liberty and transporting him to Cyprus where as some say furnished with all things fit he came to 〈◊〉 travelling by Land into his Countrey and at last being known by his own Children and friends was joyfully received as their Father and as the Prince of his Subjects shortly after dying Thus it appeareth what notable expeditions the Princes of the West undertook again Christ's enemies and for relief of the 〈◊〉 Christians in Syria and Palestine Divers of them had glorious success some answered not with like event c. Yet even in more zealous times the Christian Princes not feeling those harms so far off and more regarding their hereditary quarrels could not be moved to reach their helping hands unto their brethren crying out for aid The Germans were jarring about their Emperor's choice The French agreed not with the English nor the Low-countreymen nor the English with the Scots the Arragonians at odds with the French and in Italy many deadly factions Of which Melcohsares Aegyptian Sultan understanding purposed to root out all the Christians in Syria and Palestine and joyn them to his own Kingdom but sudden death hindred his great designs Alphix succeeding him entring Syria besieged Tripolis and undermining it put all Christians to the sword but those that by speedy flight escaped and raced it to the ground this was April 9. 1289. Then he took and garrisoned the Castle of Nelesine to hinder them from building it again Likewise sacking and racing Sidon and Berytus after three months siege Tyre was yielded to him on condition of departing with bag and baggage He took as without resistance all strong holds in Syria and Palestine except Ptolemais the Christians Sanctuary defended by the Knights and Templers with whom he voluntarily made a Peace for 5 years The Christians as it were faintly breathing by the late Peace the 2 Grand Masters passed as Embassadours to Pope Nicholas for his fatherly aid who solicited the Princes especially Rodolph the Emperour for their relief who busied with
and Osman with their writings began to be contemned and Haly exalted as the true Successor commanding his Subjects to wear some red Hatband-lace on their Hats to be known from other Mahometans which they still observing are called Cuselba's or Red-heads and was soon so beloved and honoured that his sayings and commands were accounted Oracles and Lawes they swearing by his head solemnly to confirm any thing saying Hysmael grant thy desire when they wished any one well upon whose Coyn was on one side words to this effect There are no Gods but one and Mahomet is his Messenger on the other side Hysmacl the Vicar of God Chasan Chelife and Techellis the while in 1508 having gathered a great Army invaded the Turks Dominion for now such a desire of that new superstition possessed the peoples mindes in general that 10000 of them met first at the City Tascia at the foot of Antitaurus or else at Attalia on a Fair day where they executed the chief Magistrate setting his quarters on 4. of the highest Towers of the City all swearing never to forsake their Captains nor refuse any hazard for honour of their most holy Religion as they would have it These Ring-leaders considering the money brought in by the Countrey people was not sufficient to maintain such a multitude gave their followers proclaimed-leave to 〈◊〉 the Countrey and live on the spoil of those who received not their new Doctrine whereupon bringing store of Cattel c. into the Camp they their multitude increasing entred Lycaonia and roaming up and down many dayes the whole Country so feared them that those in the Villages fled with Wives Children and Goods into Iconium for Proclamations were set up proposing large blessings spiritual and temporal to such as followed their established Doctrine in Persia but to the obstinate after their Sword once drawn utter destruction so that the Inhabitants thereabouts for one cause or other resorted daily to them While the Turks were preparing to suppress them some Troops of Horse came timely to these Prophets from Hysmael who a little before by Messengers had exhorted them couragiously to proceed in so religious an enterprise promising them skilful leaders and Coyn from time to time for Hysmael bearing an old grudge against Ba jazet for former Warres betwixt Turks and Persians disagreeing also in their Superstition and heat of youth pricking him on greatly desired in this his prosperous success to have occasion of warring with him sending Embassadors to the State of Venice to joyn with them in league as before with Usun Cassanes his Grandfather chiefly requesting them to send him men skilful in casting Ordnance and with their Fleet to trouble Ba jazet by Sea he promising by filling Asia the lesse with his Land-Army to give them occasion of recovering all places they lost in the late Warres tothe Turks The Venetians answered they would never forget the ancient league c. being wondrous glad that Hysmael was the Turks enemy c. But the Embassadors such was the badness of the Venetians State and condition obtaining no more than the hope of a league to be in time concluded returned to Cyprus thence to Syria where having secret conference with Zenus Governour of the Venetian Merchants at Damasco Ba jazet grievously complained unto Gaurus the Aegyptian Sultan for suffering not as a confederate them to passe thorow Syria to the Christians their common enemies to stir them up to warre whereupon Zeuus with all the Merchants at Tripolis Aleppo Beritus and Alexandria were carried in bonds to Cairo where often answering in Chains to what was laid to their charge after a year's suffering manifold despight hardly escaped with life and liberty Chasan and Techellis well strengthened and comming to Iconium wasting the Country drew a multitude to receive their Doctrine Wherefore Orchanes and Mahomet Ba jazets Nephews governing those Countries gathering their forces came into field against them but they youthfully and hastily joyning battel in a disadvantagious place were put to flight and had not these wanted Artillery and Engines requisite they would have besieged Iconium Also Corcutus then levying an Army about Thyatira c. 〈◊〉 not set foreward against the Rebels though dispersed fast by him These Prophets entring at last into Bythinia met near the River Sangarius with Caragoses the Asian Viceroy comming against them with a great Army commanding Achomates or Achmates Ba jazets eldest Sonne Governour of Cappadocia and Pontus with his power to follow at the back of the Rebels but Techellis marching with all possible speed was upon Caragoses near Mount Horminus before he was well aware then taking up more Souldiers who thought it not honourable to refuse battel though his Army consisted most of rude Countrey people suddenly taken up most unarmed and called Asapi but he reposed his greatest confidence in his ancient Horsmen's valour and the Rebels most consisted of Foot Techellis exhorted his Souldiers couragiously to defend their lives and Religion by Victory as having no new power or Cities of refuge there to flie unto c. who giving a terrible shout as chearful set upon their enemies The Viceroy placed his foot in the middle and his Horse in the Wings to compasse-in his enemy but Techellis set all his Foot in a square battel and the Horse for a reserve who with their red Hats as if bloody terrified the Viceroy's fresh-water-Souldiers fleeing in half an houre The Turkish Horse although they had slain many and somewhat disordered the battel yet Techellis his men beginning to kill their Horses with their Pikes and lay hard at them they fled also then the Persian horse as yet lookers on following the chase slew many enclosing the Viceroy stayinghis Horsemen who for the dust could not well discern them so that he had bin taken if not rescued by his Guard 7000 Turks Foot were slain all their Ensigns with store of provision taken Chasan Techellis resting a day marched to Cutaie as it were in the midst of lesser Asia the Viceroy's seat who fled thither the Countrey also having for fear conveighed thither most of their wealth Techellis placing such Field pieces he had before taken in battel and his Archers in fit places for annoying the Defendants caused scaling-ladders to be set up proclaiming the Citie 's spoil to his Souldiers if they could take it with greater rewards to them that first recovered the wall 's top Wherefore fearing nothing they strove who first should get up the Ladders c. the Defendants casting down on them Stones Timber Fire Scalding-water Lime Sand c. wherewith though many were killed and spoiled yet others stept up in their place none shrinking back for the Viceroy on one side and Techellis on the other were eye-witnesses of every mans valour the Viceroy all being in danger personally performing all parts of a couragious Souldier but the Defendants at last wearied and most wounded Techellis brake into the City in two places over heaps of dead
had set all things in good order to winter in Iconium himself with a few returning to Constantinople for he heard the Hungarians had made incursions into Servia and spoiled it Wherefore least he should lose Samandria reputed the Bulwark of Servia and Thrace he sent Jonuses Bassa of Bosnia with 8000 Horse into Croatia as far as Catinum transporting another Army over Dannbius into Hungary that the Hungarians at once doubly beset might fear their estate and to shew the World of what power the Othomur Emperors were c. Having thus pressed the Hungarians he at Hadrianople and Constantinople the following winter more prepared for Warre than ever as being advertized that Maximilian the Emperour with the Germ Princes Uladislaus of Hungary and Sigismund of Poland had combined to war on him but learning by his intelligencers sent into all parts of Europe that their meetings proved but great words and Banquets he turned himself with all his preparations again toward the East to the great quiet of Christendom Yet he strengthned his frontiers with most strong Garisons leaving his Son to Solyman at Hadrianople and Pyrrhus Bassa his Tutor which was strange a native Turk at Constantinople then he sent Cherseogles whom he was most trusted with his Army into Bythinia making Zafferus an Eunuch Admiral of his Navy lately built and with wondrous charge rigged forth and staying a little at Constantinople to see the young Souldiers then choosing Janizaries he departed to his Army at Iconium intending again to invade the Persian Being come thither he heard that Campson Gaurus Sultan of Aegypt was come into Syria with a great Army giving out he wou'd ayd the Persian King his Confederate entring into Cilicia with all Hostility if Selimus proceeded to invade him he perplexed and fearing if he should passe Euphrates Campson should break in by Mount Amanus and indanger that part of his Dominion stayed at Iconium sending the Cadalescher who wrote the Commentaries of this Warre and Jachis a great Captain with great presents to pacifie him if possible not to hinder or disturb Selimus from warring upon Hysmael who had so invaded his Dominions in Asia and by a new form of superstition had corrupted and altered the most sure grounds of Mahometanism and if Campson would by no conditions be removed then diligently to learn his strength and designs and speedily to return Campson though spent with age and living in worldly blisse yet for sundry causes thought this expedition good and needful for he hated Selimus for his cruelty and would never renew the League with him made with Bajazet desiring also to represse and abate his insolency grown by success beyond reasons bounds c. especially fearing the losse of Syria and so of all his Kingdom for Aegypt Judea and Syria intollerably oppressed with the Mamalukes were in danger to revolt if the Persians should chance to be vanquished with whom he h dmade a firm League also moved with Aladin's misery he was perswaded Selimus might by his and Hysmael's forces be thrust out of all for Aladin living three years in his Court had by all means possible incited the Mamalukes to revenge Likewise Aladules eldest Son fleeing into Aegypt had filled so the minds of all with detestation of Selimus his cruelty that the chief of the Mamalukes humbly besought Campson to take on him so just a war if through years he thought himself unable yet to give them leave of themselves to take it in hand These Mamalukes far excelled the Turks both in strength skilful riding goodly armour and also in courage and wealth Many Christians of loose life or condemned for notorious offences fleeing to Aegypt and abjuring their Religion being circumcised and meet for the wars grew by degrees to great honour as did Tangarihardinus the Son of a Spanish Marriner by whose advice in Campson's time almost all things were done and was by him sent Ambassadour to Bajazet and to the State of Venice about matters of great importance yet at length by envy he was brought into disgrace thrust out of his place cast into prison and miserably died loaded with cold irons For appeasing the mischief arising in that servile Monarchy for 4 years by civil wars about the succession of a Sultan after Caytheius his death to the sore weakening of the Mamalukes estate the great Courtiers and chief men amongst them offered the Kingdom to Campson Gaurus or as the Turks Casaves Gauris a man of great integrity and courage and free from ambition who earnestly at first refused it excusing himself as unfit for so high a place and with tears standing in his eys besought other great Lords to forbear to thrust him content with his private life into that place subject to so many dangers c. for he was terrified with the example of so many Kings slain in a short time by other proud competitors They perswaded him not upon a foolish obstinacy or vain modesty to refuse his good fortune but couragiously to take on him the government of the State sore shaken with civil discord together with the regal dignity promising by solemn Oath with all their power policy and wealth to maintain and defend the Majesty of his State and that the men of war should not demand their wonted largesse till it might be raised out of his Customs and other Crown-Revenues whereby he suffered himself to be salured Sultan and having given 10 millions of Ducars to the men of War as a largess and by his moderate Government had caused men generally to admire his prowesse and wisdom he so reformed the shaken State of that Kingdom taking away by poyson and other secret devices the chief Authors of that Sedition that for 16 years neither tumult or noise of war was heard in all Syria and Aegypt Undoubtedly worthy the name of a most excellent and fortunate Prince if in the winding up of his life he had not rashly thrust himself into the dangerous quarrels of other Princes Campson encamping at the River Orontes now Farfar entertained Selimus his Embassadours with more bounty than courtesie who most temperately and calmly delivering their Embassage in his Pavilion he answered The Aegyptian Sultans holding the chief place in their Religion used to keep with all care other Mahometans in concord whereof he was ever desirous and was come into Syria only to perswade 〈◊〉 to peace who if he would proceed against Hysmael his confederate he would not long suffer all to go to rack for the pleasure and fury of one insolent and ambitious man saying He had long seen into Selimus his insatiable fierce and troublesome disposition who procuring the death of his Father slaying his Brethren Nephews with many other his best friends and faithful Counsellors could make no end of his ambitious tyranny therefore to tell him the only condion of peace should be If he desisted from invading Hysmael and restored to Aladeules's Son his Father's Kingdom long under the Aegyptian Sultan's protection
upon the sharp stakes The women and children also throwing down stones tyles c. from house-tops and windows upon them they as they could spie them fetching them off with their Harquebusies or breaking into their Houses and fighting with diverse successe but most of the Aegyptians according to either fortune assailed sometimes the Turks sometimes the Mamalukes Many cruel encounters were at once in divers places for crossing from street to street they both happened on new enemies and the Victors pursuing a-front were by others following them slain downright The lanes and streets so flowed with blood of the slain heaps that the dust at first very thick was laid as with a plentiful showr the ayr was darkned with smoak and arrows and through clamour noise of Armour and Artillary the earth seemed to tremble and the houses to fall down It thus continued two whole dayes and nights without ceasing yet the Mamalukes few and through such labour and watching giving ground by degrees retired further into the City The third day beset with the greatest danger they so resolutely fought that the Turks retiring a great way left some Field-pieces behind them whereat Selimus despairing commanded to fire the Houses especially for that Jonuses Bassa was in his sight dangerously wounded by a stone out of a window The Houses burning the Egyptians cryed for mercy the Turks fighting but faintly expecting a retreat but they had sudden news that Mustapha on their side had forced the enemies to retire and flee for he being by some directed to a broad street where the Mamalukes had left their Horses ready that on the worst chance they might retire and so haste to their appointed Refuges took them all away having put to flight the weak Garrison of most part Horsboies and Muletors This accident daunted the Mamalukes who now hardly beset and in their own judgement overcome fled most with Tomombeius to Nile where being transported in boats they fled into the Country Sigesta others hiding in Egyptians Houses and loathsome corners of the City 1500. of the better sort fled into Mahomet's Temple long defending themselves to yield on honourable conditions at last through thirst wearinesse and wounds with the fury of the Ordnance they yielded to their pleasure part being slain in the porch the rest sent down the River to Alexandria to be afterwards there murdered Selimus now sent part of his Army to quench the raging fire proclaiming thorow the City that all Mamalukes yielding themselves within twelve hours should have mercy otherwise no hope of life proposing Rewards to the Egyptians revealing them but concealing them to impail them selling their wives and children and to burn their Houses whereupon many Mamalukes came forth and being cast into Irons were soon after perfidiously murdered it being given out they sought to escape and many Egyptians not breaking their faith with the Mamalukes their neighbours appeaching them most constantly died for their friends The insolent Turks ransacked all the City drawing out and 〈◊〉 the hidden Mamalukes riffling the Houses of friends and foes and some in the same Houses raged at once with covetousnesse cruelty and lust as every one was inclined That day that Selimus took Caire Gazelles lately gone to Thebais to assemble the Arabians and new supplies came thither but finding all lost c. he came to Selimus upon faith given for 〈◊〉 of him and his followers three Arabian Captains and a number of good 〈◊〉 in the midst of his chief Captains boldly speaking to him If fortune had not envied our safety thou shouldst not now have had matter most noble Selimus to excel others in worthinesse of mind Whilst we were in Arms our State standing whole we as proudly presuming little 〈◊〉 of thee or the Turks name yea we hated thee as enemies but having to the utmost proved thy force admiring thy prowesse and victories not given without the providence of the immortal God we 〈◊〉 come to thee to better our 〈◊〉 fortune that thou by sparing thy vanquished and yielding enemies mayest extend thy Fame beyond the 〈◊〉 of thy immortal glory We faithfully served Tomombeius while he held even but the name of a King c. But he being driven out wandring the Desarts uncertain whether to live or not we come to thee rather as forsaken than forsaking their Prince to shew thee our loyalty and valour if by thy goodnesse we may serve under thy worthy conduct Selimus knowing Gazelles his vertue and valour and desiring a league with the Arabians or rather Alarbes most to be feared courteously received them with honourable pensions and to sorget their old 〈◊〉 looking for greater things of him Not long after the Moors and Arabians with some 〈◊〉 fled to Achasia making incursions about Caire often cutting off 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sorrage he sending 〈◊〉 to represse them he quickly winning and lacking Achasia slaying most of those Adventurers returned in lesse time then was expected Tomombeius the while began to make head again in Sigesta for he sent for a strong company of Mamalukes from Alexandria many great Arabians and Moors of that Country promising him their help Besides many Egyptians of Caire who became a prey promised if he would come thither by night they would raise a tumult that should easily work the Turks confusion since they could no longer endure their indignities sending him word that the Turks were now but a contemptible number most being slain in the Battel and most of the rest very weak with wounds and sicknesse wherefore hope began to revive Tomombeius his invincible heart above his miserable state One 〈◊〉 an Egyptian the greatest man in all Sigesta whether to avert the War out of his Country or to gain Selimus his good liking came and certified him of Tomombeius his strength and of the Citizens practises Who keeping strong watch and ward in all places secured the suspended Citizens in the Castle then also in his possession placing along Nilus armed boats to impeach Tomombeius his passage at the further banks yet considering Tomombeius was still preparing greater forces in those vast and unknown Countries and fearing the doubtful faith of the numerous Citizens his power being so small the Mamalukes also levying supplies in divers Countries whither they fled and the fleet in the Arabian gulf against the Portugals wherein were 3000. Mamalukes with store of brasse Ordnance being daily expected at Suezzia chiefly fearing if the Bassa left at Taurus should not be able to withstand the Persian King he should be excluded both out of lesser Asia and Syria before supplies could arrive from Constantinople to Alexandria He sent some the reverendest of his Religion with some honourable Egyptians Embassadors to Tomombeius bountifully promising him on the faith of a Prince if he would come in and submit he should on reasonable conditions repossesse his Kingdom never by force to regain but otherwise when the matter was again tryed by Battel he should never find any regard of his Princely State
Merchants Habit After which he by Hariadenus troubled the Mediterranean and all his Neighbors with his Galleys and himself by Land so prevailing that men of service resorted to him as the chief man in those parts He drave the Spaniards out of Bugea famous for great Trade and once for a Mahometan School there losing his righthand he obtained many Victories with an Iron hand for he overthrew a Spanish Army under Diega nigh Algiers and soon after Moncada landing from Italy with the old Spanish Souldiers in his Country he forced him to Sea again where they by Shipwrack or driving a shoare were slain or taken and thrust into his Galleys at last and having overcome the King of Tremissa expulsing him Charls the Emperour stirred up the Christians and Numid ans to ayd that his consederate so that Horruccius coming to take Ora and Portus he was first repulsed then quite overthrown where most of his Army being slain or taken he fled with a few over the Sandy Desarts scattering much Gold to stay his enemies hasty pursuit who notwithstanding overtook him and struck off his Head which was sent into Spain and carried on a Lance thorow the Sea Towns to the great joy of the people formerly hurt by him Hariadenus not inferior to his Brother by the Souldiers general consent took the Kingdom and began to aspire to the Empire of all that part of Africk wherefore he held peace with some and Warres with others as best served his purpose robbing and spoiling the Coasts of Spain Sardinia and the Baleares Islands becoming famous and fearful to his enemies slaying Hamet of the Numidians and chasing away Benchades and Amida two great Princes overcoming Moncada the Spaniard who sore wounded hardly escaped the flight losing divers Gallies he also at Sea slew Pertundus admiral of Spain with his Son taking seven of his Gallies sending his Ensign with part of the spoil a present to Solyman but was much more famous with the Turks when he had repulsed Auria from Cercenna and taken two great Genoway Ships coming to him with men and Ammunition filling Genua with sorrow Solyman grieved with his losse in Peloponesus by Auria chiefly by Abraham chief Bassae's Counsel sent him Sinas an Embassador to Algiers offering him the greatest honours and to make him his Admiral if he would forthwith repair to Constantinople Barbarussa was exceeding glad hereof conceiving no small hope of the Monarchy of Africk if coming to Solyman he might shew him the State of Africk and the Christians power with their continual discord Wherefore committing his Son and Kingdom to two of his faithful kinsmen's Government with 40 of his Warlike Galley's he set forward with Sinas taking and burning by the way after a cruel fight a Fleet of Genowayes bound for Sicily then landing by night in the Isle Elba he surprized Chium a rich City and carrying away their wealth and them into Captivity he arrived at Constantinople in 1533. joyfully received if but for the boyes and maidens richly apparelled Eunuchs Lions Leopards of Lybia which he gave Solyman but after some dayes discourse with the Bassaes of Africks affairs he envy soon over-taking him was seldomer sent for and hardly admitted into their company though offering himself many saying the Ottoman Kings used not to prefer Pirates to the Admiralship and that there wanted not nor ever would men 〈◊〉 and valiant in the Turks Court c. Whereas he against all Right had intruded into another's Kingdom and persecuted Mahometane Princes being of no Religion himself c. Abraham was then gone into Comagena After long suit Solyman answered Barbarussa by 2 Bassaes that all concerning him should be referred to Abraham chief-Bassa by whose counsel he was chiefly sent for wherefore he must repair to him in Syria Though this tended to his disgrace yet in hope by sufferance to obtain another Kingdom he posted thorow Asia the less by land coming over Mount Amanus covered with Winters deep snow to Aleppo where Abraham honourably receiving and largely hearing him wrote to Solyman wishing him to place him as a 4th Bassa of his Council besides his deeming him the most fit to command his Power at Sea who returning with this effectual commendation the 〈◊〉 of the Court was suddenly changed upon him Who was now in all mens mouths but Barbarussa He had brought with him Roscetes Muleasses King of Tunisselder brother whom he wrongfully exiling he had lived at Algiers but now came to Barbarussa to crave aid of Solyman Him he set out to the Bassaes as a most fit instrument for subduing the Kingdom of Tunis as more affected by the people than Muleasses the Usurper After long consultation with the Bassaes about Africks invasion he admitted to Solyman's presence 〈◊〉 him in a Speech from divers motives to that War and saying by the way as he returned he would so use the matter that the Christians also should have good cause to bewail their calamities and if he happened to meet with Auria he should have smal cause to rejoyce of the mischief he had done for him alone he challenged to persecure as his peculiar enemy both for the harms received and for the despight he had at his Fame who taken out of the way the Seas should be open only to Solyman's Fleet And believe me said he he that can command the Seas shall easily subdue the Kingdoms by Land Solyman using well to consider and afterwards to resolve commending Barbarussa's forwardness then brake up the Council Ere long a Decree was made that he should be joyned a 4th Bassa in Council and made great Admiral c. Which proclaimed Solyman himself delivered him a Scepter and Sword willing him by worthy deeds to perform his promise after which Ajax and Cassimes the Bassae's brought him with exceeding pomp to the Navy all Tokens of his new Honour being carried before him and having towards the Sea-ward 800000 Duckats out of the Treasury with 800 janizaries Not long after he departed out of Hellespont with 80 Galleys and certain Galliors towards Italy leaving Amurathes with 12 Galleys to transport Solyman and his Army over into Asia for Persia which done he over-took him at Methone who suddenly passing the strait betwixt Italy and Sicily much frighted both Countries but passing by the Bay of Hippona he set upon the Town of Lucidius of old Tempsa which though standing on a Rock with reasonable walls it was taken by the Turks violence with the more hurt to the Inhabitants because the Mayor had locked up the gates on the other side to keep them from flight Thence with spoil and many prisoners he went to Citharium where he heard a Fleet was building this forsaken Town for fear he ransacked and burnt firing 7 Galleys unfinished but being come in sight of Naples all along the coast were so terrified that 't was thought if he had landed and gone to Naples it would have been abandoned but coming to Procita he took and rifled
others of great place and reputation But the greatest slaughter was of the Bohemians by the breaking in of old Garrison Troops with their Scimitars and iron Mazes The Foot being sore gauled by Janizaries and Archers of the Asapi discharging on them in their march from a Woody Bank were on tother side so charged by Amurathes troops of Bosna that they were at last broken and slain without mercy Lodronius was driven into a marsh where after sore wounding and almost fast in the mud having done his utmost by the Turks fair intreaty yielded himself with 3 Companies and were all saved for now the Turks seeking after spoyl hunted after them who dispersedly fled taking and leading away a great number for slaves Mahometes having thus obtained so great a Victory almost without the bloud of his Souldiers and taking the spoyl pitched his Tents in a little Medow cleansed of dead bodies and after feasting with his Captains he commanded the chief prisoners spoyls and Ensignes to be brought and commending the Captains that had done any good service He rewarded the Souldiers some with Gold some Silver as they deserved and diligently viewed all prisoners not common Souldiers He caused every ones name and Office to be enrolled giving one reward or other to such as brought in the Heads Ears or Hands of Christians with Rings upon them Lodronius being for his deadly wounds thought unable to endure travel was slain by his keepers and his Head sent afterward to Constantinople for many who were afterwards ransomed have reported that amongst the Prisoners fair Ensigns guilt Armour c. presented to Solyman Bachitius Macer and Lodronius their Heads were seen known in a silver Bason which after he had looked asquint upon he sternly commanded all the prisoners to be slain but the Janizaries interceding for them as valiant and to whom they had given their Faith and might do him good service he saved many of them but Cazzianzer fleeing to his own Castle was of all men accused and commonly railed upon so that it was reported he durst nor shew his face for shame Infamous Libels being sung in the Cities of Germany of him and the other runaway Captains Whereat he was so grieved that he requested Ferdinand safely to come to Court to answer what could be laid against him the King receiving him there with doubtful countenance Bnt his hearing being somewhat protracted and he the while half doubtful whether to be quitted or condemned kept in safe custody feigning himself sick by degrees brake thorow a brick Pavement under his bed with his knife and by his sheetes escaped Post-Horses being ready without the Castle Not long after he fled to the Turks Mahometes gladly received him and promising him the Government of Croatia as a tributarie King if he would faithfully serve Solyman and help him subdue the Cities of Austria after this agreement for his more credit he dealt with Sirenus a Croatian Noble and his supposed dear Friend to revolt with him assuring him of Solymans kind dealing with them who promised to go over with him to the Turk with a troop of his best and most trusty Horsmen but changing his purpose after he had well feasted Cazzianzer at his House he caused him to be slain sending his Head to Ferdinand of whom he received in reward his Castle with all his substance In the mean time the Venetians provoked resolved without delay to War upon the Turk also being animated by the Emperour and Pope Pauls who lately warned thought it more safe to keep the Turks busied farther off than to suffer them to be too much acquainted with the Ports of Italy or Cicilia Wherefore their Embassadors consulting all the following Winter at last agreed at Rome the Emperour to set forth 82 Galleys the Venetians as many and the Pope 36 in all 200. The Venetians were to lend the Pope as many rigged Galleys as he would furnish with men and the Emperour and State of Genna to find shipping to transport the Land Forces and Victual Auria was Charls his General Grimmanus a Patriarch the Popes Capellus for the Venetians to whom was joyned Justinianus a chief Senatour very expert in Sea-matters Gonzaga Viceroy of Sicily was to command the Land-Forces and what ever was gotten from the Turks in Greece the Islands or Dalmatia was to be the Venetians who had been so injured by them Charls also promising the Confederates to have what wheat they would out of Sicily for reasonable price and without Custom Solyman understanding this commanded Barbarussa to make ready his Fleet and do all harm he could to the Venetian's Islands who with 130 Warlike Galleys with the first of the Spring in 1538 departed to Creete where he unadvisedly landed most of his men to surprize the City Canea For Grittus with a strong Garrison so vexed the Turks with great and small shot and the sallying out of two Italian Companies that he having lost many retired in such haste that he left a 1000 Turks behind him gone after booty who were all slain by them of Creet Then attempting divers other places he was notably repulsed with the City of Candia not daring to meddle but sayling almost round took little Sicilia forsaken by the Inhabitants which he firing departed from Creet for he heard that Capellus come to Corcyra would soon come to relieve it Auria came to Corcyra also joyning with Capellus Barbarussa then lay in the Bay of Ambracia expecting the Christians entrance of its Strait that he might sink them with his Ordnance placed on both sides for Grimmanus had a little before begun to besiege Prevesa upon the Promontorie of Actium fast by that strait so battering the Castle that had not the Turks from Aetolia come to relieve it with a strong power he had probably taken it wherefore the Patriarch returned to Corcyra having well viewed the Straits of that Bay and the Turks Fleet at Anchor therein upon whose Relation the great Commanders consulted what course best to take for their better proceeding Gonzaga was of opinion Prevesa's Castle was with all their Force to be assaulted which taken all passages might easily be taken from the enemies Fleet in the Bay by sinking a great ship in the strait's mouth and moaring three great Galleons full of Artillary so that if Barbarussa would adventure forth he must needs be sunk Auria replyed 〈◊〉 Counsel was in shew glorious but most dangerous to execute both for the peril of landing Souldiers and Ordnance it being to be thought the Aetolian Horse would as before speedily come for relief whose force their Foot could scarce abide And if the Fleet Autumn approaching should by force of Weather forsake that coast whence should the Landed men get any Victual in the enemie's Country c. Wherefore he thought best if the enemy could not be drawn out to Battel to go into Naupactum Bay taking that Town not greatly fortified so to ransack all Towns to the bottom of Corynth Bay which
Charls's great good when the Venetians spent with long and chargable wars should be stripped by force or wrung by necessity from Lands and Territories Solyman grieved determined to besiege Newcastle again by sea and land caufing also Nauplium and Epidaurus in Peloponnesus Venetian Cities to be besieged yet he took singular pleasure that Barbarussa the worst fu nished had driven the great Christian Fleet out of the sea Wherefore at Spring 1539. Barbarussa repaired his Fleet notably furnishing it and manning his Galleys most with select Souldiers and Summer well come on He came to Rizonicus Bay when Ulames Governour of Bosna appeared with his Forces on the Mountains as he had in charge Barbarussa sent before him Dragut and Corsetus with 30 Galliots who landing their men at Castronovum or Newcastle were encountred by Sarmentus and forced to their Galliots many being slain and taken After which came Barbarussa with 60 Galleys and 3 tall ships which carried all warlike provisions spending 3 dayes in landing his Ordnance and casting up Trenches done but by night for the Town-shot which slew in that space about 1000 Turks Agis Hariadexus as it were a King at Taiorea in Africa being one to Barbarussas's great grief who gave a fourth part of his 54 battering pieces to Ulames on the North side himself bat ering the East side in 3 places and Salec from sea battering another part Sarmentus thus assayled did what he could to repair the breaches the Turks the while taking a Tower whence having displayed their Ensignes they sore troubled the Spaniards Ulames also had made a breach and was ready to enter Whereupon Sarmentus commanded the hurt Souldiers to get into the Castle below and the rest with him to take the Market-place where the Turks breaking in made a most bloudy fight the Spaniards being almost every man slain Sarmentus wounded in the face with 3 arrows and wearied seeing Fria a Captain ready to flee sharply reproving him caught him by the hand making him tarry till both slain many valiant Captains were there lost Arius with the wounded Soldiers in the Castle now yielded whose lives Barbarussa as he promised spared but carried them into captivity and desirous to send Sarmentus's Head to Solyman he offered money and liberty for his body but it could not be known among so many dead heaps Barbarussa proud of this Victory wrote threats to Bembus a Venetian Senatour Governour of Cattarus in the bottom of that Bay to deliver the City else he would assault it Bembus answered in so doing he should violate the late League and that he should find him ready to repel his Forces He displeased sent some Galleys discharging great pieces at Cattarus as if come to besiege it Bembus discharging as many more at them shewed his men on the Walls whereupon Barbarussa returned to Castronovum and appeased with Presents from Bembus he departed out of the Bay The long wars between the Emperour and French King were now well pacified and such shew of Friendship betwixt them that most men thought they would as one go against the Turk which opinion not wholly believed by the wiser sort this also confirmed that Vastius and Hanebald 2 of their most famous Captains were sent Embassadours to draw the Venetians into the confederation of that War who gallantly coming to Venice were by Duke Laudus and the State magnificently received the people flocking together to behold them especially Vastius with his tall and comely person They having audience in the Senate Vastius arising from the Dukes side made an oration shewing That by Gods great Providence two of the mightiest Kings of Europe having had long mortal wars were being touched with zeal of Religion become great friends to revenge so many calamities received from the Infidel that they were sent to kindle in them the like zeal who being of such power at sea were wished for of all other as their Confederates in that sacred war and hoped Victory As for Land Forces unto those lately brought into the field at Vienna should be joined all the horse Infantry of France all the forces of Sigismund King of Polonia Wherefore the Victorious Emperour and most Christian King Francis did most instantly request them to enter into the like godly cogitations c. For it might worthily seem a most shameful thing unto them to have renewed their League c. Neither did it beseem that most wealthy State to be terrified with any charges from what was good and right for by the profit of one sea or land-Victory they should to their incomparable praise recompence all former losses The Duke answered in the name of the State Never any thing happened to them more honourable or more desirable than the hope of such a peace wholsome to the endangered Venetian State and wondrously to be desired of all Christian Princes if those two most mighty would sincerely religiously and unitedly resolve upon that sacred War for then would the Venetians not be wanting c. but end their League with the Turk wherefore it was to be requested of the Almighty God that they would speedily and seriously fulfil that hope of Peace which they had in shew promised Few dayes after some select Senatours sitting in Council calling the Embassadours asked them if they knew any thing of the Capitulation of that League and whether they thought Charls in regard thereof would give Francis his son the Dukedome of Millane as was reported Hanebald was silent Vastius said He knew no more but that they had agreed betwixt themselves and that the Emperour 's desired peace to help the afflicted c. could not be effected without yielding in many things to the requests of the French King c. The Nobility and Authority of this Embassage more moved the Senate than he former Embassadours Mendoza a Spaniard and Pellicerius a French-man then present yet they much suspected it because containing no certain resolution c. yet all seemed to rest in this point that the Venetians in hope of this League should neglect the renewing of last-years League with Solyman now almost expired On which uncertainty the grave Senatours thought it too dangerous to depend yet the Senate was wonderfully divided Some inveighed against the renewing of that shameful League with the Infidels urging with many reasons the Christian Confederation Others of deeper reach considering their exceeding harms by falling out with the Turk and suspecting the Emperours drift with the great dearth then in the City not to be relieved but out of Macedonia and Greece Charls having then imposed a Custome on all Corn coming out of Sicily amounting to the price of the Corn and fraight which mischiefs they said were to be prevented by renewing of the league They speut almost whole Winter-nights in the Court consulting what best to do but all there said or decreed was made known not only to the Embassadours but in Provinces far off never before in that State known Foscarus an old Senatour
also sought to renew their League now expired which was easily obtained but of small assurance Selimus now in 1569. purposed to build a Magnificent Temple at Hadrianople for his own Sepulture with a Monastery a Colledge and an Alms-House but was troubled how to 〈◊〉 them with Revenues sufficient for the Mahometan Kings are forbidden to convert any Lands or Possessions to such holy uses but what they have won from the enemies of their Religion which is as a Spur to prick them forward to add to their Empire Nothing that was presented so pleased him as the taking of the rich Island Cyprus from the Venetians which Conquest would be enough with a large over-plus to supply what wanted in his Fathers devout works but that which moved him most was the glory of such a Conquest His Predecessors usually in the beginning of their Raign doing or attempting some notable thing against the Christians The matter being propounded to the great Bassaes Muhamet chief Visier and a secret friend to the Venetians perswaded him not to yield thereunto alledging besides the danger that Solyman at his death charged him the League with the Venetians to be religiously kept which he also had lately most solemnly confirmed But Mustapha with Piall Bassaes so 〈◊〉 what he said envying at his Honour and so shewed both the Honour profit and easinesse thereof much of the Venetian Arsenal being also burnt that Selimus calling Muhamet in his choller Christian no small disgrace presently prepared by sea and land for performance of his resolution which was discovered by Barbarus the Venetian Embassadour and suspected by their Merchants whom the Turks began 〈◊〉 cut short in their Traffique looking big on them and giving them hard speeches The Embassadour came to Muhamet complaining of the breach of the League and remembring him of the Venetian State 's fidelity requesting Selimus before he began that War to declare his mind to the Senate that so happily all might be 〈◊〉 to the good of both parties which he did not for hope to avert the War but to win time till the State might make ready their Fleet and Forces neither left he the Bassa till he procured Cubates to be sent Embassadour to Venice to prove whether the Senatours would deliver the Island or adventure the taking it from them by force These and such like things made known at Venice brought a general heaviness on the City Cubates come to Ragusium Surianus sent to meet him brought him to Venice in his Galley The Senators the while were divided in opinions some thought it not good to wage Warre against such an invincible Enemy c. alleadging they had alwayes in the winding up of the Warres lost something besides losses already sustained that it were better to part with Cyprus so they might quietly enjoy the rest saying time would give them some fit occasion to recover what they had lost to trust in their confederates was but to deceive themselves destruction having come thence whence ayd was alwayes to have bin hoped for Others said nothing could be more dishonourable than without Fight to 〈◊〉 with so notable a piece of their Seigniory c. that the Turks would afterwards seek also after Creet and Corcyra and so they yielding one thing after another to spoil themselves of all c. that hard beginnings had oftentimes merry endings that the favour of that insolent and greedy Nation was not to be gained but with such a costly peace much more hurtful than Warre it self Besides it much concerned Christian Princes to have their State preserved wherefore 't was to be hoped they would ayd them to the utmost In the end it was resolved on by plain force to withstand the Turks So when Cubates came to Venice no man met him or shewed him common courtesie but being admitted into the Senate-house with his two Interpreters onely he delivered Selimus's Letters which whilest they were breaking up and translating he delivered also his Message the effect whereof was that Selimus worthily grieved that the like care of keeping faith did not appear in them as in him who harboured Pirates in their Havens murthering his Subjects which injuries longer to forbear might rather be imputed to him for cowardise than courtesie that the onely remedy of falling out by new quarrels daily arising was to deliver to him the Island Cyprus the cause of all those grievances to which small request if they did not yield he purposed not onely to take it from them but prosecute them with most cruel Warre by Sea and Land taking God to witness all the calamities to ensue thereof to be imputed to themselves Then he in Muhamet the Visier's name told them that he was right sory for this breach c. most instantly requesting them and advising them not wilfully to plunge themselves into such dangers as they could hardly or never finde the way out c. telling them Selimus did nothing but thunder out most cruel threats which his indignation was raised of the manifold complaints brought against them Selimus's Letters were also full of false surmized grievances as that they had in Warlike manner entred his Frontiers in Dalmatia doing great harm that they had put to death certain Turkish Pirates that Cyprus was a Harbour for the Pyrates of the West wherefore he required them to yield it to him or else he would by force take it from them saying he renewed his Fathers League with them not for any liking thereof but because he had resolved at first peaceably to endure all things The Venetians answered the Embassador that they had alwayes inviolably kept their Leagues with the Othoman Emperours in regard whereof they had let slip many opportunities to augment their Dominions in That they had never passed their own bounds or invaded the Turks only to have taken order that no Pirates should roam up and down at pleasure taking God to witnesse they were the Authors of Peace and Selimus of War who contrary to the League had denounced war against them Wherefore they would defend that Kingdom which they by Ancient and lawful right possessed and that the same God would be present to their 〈◊〉 complaints c. Cubates departed at a secret Postern guarded for fear of the people who in great numbers were assembled to the Court-Gate muttering It were well done to rend him in pieces that accursed Turk the Messenger of his faithless Master he as he went storming and swearing by his Mahomet to be revenged of so great an indignity The Senates answer was of some highly commended others deemed it too sharp to the further incensing of the Turk thinking they might have obtained a more indifferent peace by courtesie c. The Venetians forthwith sent Letters to the Governours of Cyprus with all care and diligence to prepare to withstand the Turk and made choice of most valiant and expert Captains by Sea and Land for the defence of their dispersed Seigniorie with the leading of their forces
betwixt them to be favourable to his friends and an enemy to his foes and to give notice to his Court of all new Warres which she should hear of concerning the said King for behoof of her self and him So commending her Embassador for his good and faithful service there done who having left Bardon his Deputy was returning towards England that he or some other principal Embassador should without delay be sent to his Court to continue the Office of Legation Yet for all these fair shewes it may seem by the state of the Turkish affaires at those times and what hath since ensued that Amurath glad of the 〈◊〉 of those two great Princes and not well yet assured of his Conquest in Persia had no great minde to invade Spain as too farre off and not to be so easily managed at Sea as the Warres he shortly after waged against Rodolph the Emperour by Land About this time also the Cossacks making an in road upon the Turks and Tartars surprized 〈◊〉 a Port-Town where they spoyled many rich Ware-Houses of Turkish Merchants and rifling some Ships in Harbour burnt the rest with great booty returning to their lurking places wherewith the Tartars provoked and set on by the Turks forty thousand of them brake into Podolia and the Provinces near Poland burning the Countrey before them slaying the poor people without mercy and besides spoyl carried away many thousands Captive yet most of them the Polonian rescued with the notable slaughter of his Enemy in his return whereupon it was thought open Warres would have broke out betwixt the Turk and King Sigismund had not he by his Embassadors and the Queen of Englands mediation appeased the angry Turk and renewed his League Amurath now at peace with the World and sitting idle at home was perswaded by his Bassaes to take some new Warre in hand for that great Empires they said could not without the continuall use of Arms long stand as appeared by the Roman State which whilest it was at Warres with Carthage or their great Captains occupied in Arms against Neighbour-Princes still remained triumphant but giving it self to ease and pleasure and the Martiall-men not imployed as they were wont it soon by civill discord fell and the Mistris of the World becam it self a prey even to the basest Nations which old 〈◊〉 foreseeing cryed out in the Senate that the Souldiers were to be still busied in Arms farre from home for in so doing the glory of the State should increase whereto Amurath's Progenitors having respect propounded not peace as the end of their Warres as do other weak Princes but as invincible Conquerors still made one Victory the beginning of another c. which and the like reasons they alleaged not so much for love of their Prince or zeal to the State as their own particular profit especially the two old Bassaes Sinan and Ferat the envious competitors of each others honour these perswasions well pleased Amurath who though he were no Souldier himself yet was he desirous of new Conquests and to increase his name accounting it no lesse honour by his Servants to perform great things then it was to his Ancestors to do that they did in person but Amurath could not at first tell what to resolve upon for the great Bassaes concerning the intended Warre were of eight sundry Opinions The first was that the Wars against the Persians should be renewed The second for the invading the King of Morocco and Fez The third for Warre against the King of Spain The fourth for the besieging again of Malta The fifth to set upon the Venetians The sixth for invading some part of Italy The seventh for the King of Poland The eighth for Warre upon the Emperour and Kingdom of Hungary with all which aforesaid Princes except the Spaniard though the Turk were then in League yet was that never made question of but onely which might best stand with the profit of his State for him to set upon his barbarous Law allowing him that liberty in such cases to break all faith and promise especially with Christians Sundry reasons were alleaged by the Bassaes for every one of these Opinions too large here to relate particularly But the Reasons for the eighth Opinion of making Warre upon the Christian Emperour whom the Turks call King of Vienna were for that Uschocci were grown so insolent as to make prize of the Turks both by Sea and Land so that for both the harms they did and for the honour of the Othoman Empire they were no longer to be suffered for hereby especially the Merchants great hindrance and the Sultans great losse had removed their Mart from Narenta in the Turks Dominion to Spalato a Town of the Venetians and yet were not so secure though there were peace betwixt the Emperour and Venetians because these unruly men troubled all both by Sea and Land with their robberies driving away Cattel burning Villages and taking away babes out of their Mothers Arms so that it was no doubt but if occasion should serve they would attempt to surprise with all their power the Turks strong Holds upon the Frontiers nor was it unknown how little the Emperour esteemed the Turk when he warred with the Persian paying Tribute too late at his pleasure neither was this Warre to be deemed difficult or doubtful because they might attempt it by Croatia Hungary and Austria Countries abounding with all necessaries they being also to travel almost all the way in the Turks own Territories besides the chief fortresses of Hungary with many other strong places they already held whither their Armies in all cases might retire or repair their losses out of the same They said the Roman Empire desired peace more then War that the Princes were very careful to heap up and preserve their Treasures and the Germans having had no Warres a long time were now lesse fit for Arms and worse to be commanded alwayes distrusting the Hungarians Italians and Spaniards whom they rather hated then loved being divided also amongst themselves chiefly about Religion neither were forraign Princes to be feared to give the Emperour ayd the Polonian and Transilvanian lived 〈◊〉 in peace with the Turk and therefore would by no meanes turn the heat of this Warre into the rown bosoms c. And though the King of Spain might afford the House of Austria great ayd yet he was now too much busied elsewhere and the Bishop of Rome could not be ready in all places to serve his turn the Italian Princes would not spend themselves to pleasure another man and the Venetians would not rashly stir up the Turks against themselves but rather at ease expect the effect of the Warre All those Opinions of the great Bassaes concerning the Warre proceeded not so much from any sound advice as commonly 〈◊〉 do but rather from a certain barbarous insolency and contempt of others Amurath stood long in doubt in such diversities of Opinions what to resolve upon but contenting himself with what
the injury and disgrace done to his Embassador which all Princes cryed shame of might he punished and that his servants in durance might be freed then some good form of peace and bounding of Territories might perhaps be agreed on else all talk of peace was but vain c. This Answer the Captives at Buda were to give by word or writing to the Bassa and earnestly to request him both for their own and fellowes Liberty at Constantinople however to comfort themselves that they should have Allowance sufficient for things necessary as the Emperour had granted to Perling whom he might have justly detained being no lawfull prisoner but for his Oaths-sake No mans name was set to this Answer The Emperour most carefull of the Reliques of Hungary laying as it were in the Lyons mouth prayed Ayd as far as Spain and Italy especially of the King of Poland as his near Alliance and Neighbour He and the States of Hungary sending their Embassadours thither when he through the daily Incursions of the Turks and Tartars into the adjoyning Countries had called a Parliament in Febr. at Cracovia whereof Mahomet fearing sent 2 of his chief Chiaus Embassadours to the King and States to crave ayd in his Wars in Hungary promising the King if he refused not Coyn sufficient to pay his Souldiers and to be alway ready to requite him the like upon occaon These Embassadours obtaining safe conduct of Michael of Valachia through his Country were by him honourably entertained and brought into a fair Lodging discoursing with him of many matters but the Vayuods followers grieved at such honor done to their mortall Enemies 〈◊〉 into the room with their Weapons and slew them both and setting upon their followers cut them all in 〈◊〉 Mahomet hereupon wondrously enraged threatned all evils both to the Moldavians and Valachians forthwith sending other Embassadours who arrived safely at Poland The Tartars being overthrown and many strong Holds taken from the Turks by the Transilvanians c. Mahomet called home Sinan to confer with him as was thought of some great matters sending Ferat Bassa in his place who coming to Belgrade in April took the charge upon him at whose first coming in the night all the cords of the Tents were cut in sunder and his Tent let fall about his eares Some supposing it was disgracefully done by Cicala before wronged by him Others thought by the Janizaries who wished rather to be led by Mahomet himself At his comming the Famine last year begun was now exceeding great in most places of Hungary possessed by the Turks so that the Tartar-women roasted their own children and ate them there was also a terrible plague great numbers of Turks and Tartars dying daily so that of 85000 Tartars scarce 8000 remained through the sword 〈◊〉 and famine Great were the harms the Turks daily received from the three revolted Countries Michael of Valachia entring their Frontiers surprized Chimele with the Castle wherein were 14 Field-pieces 2 having the Arms of the Emperour Ferdinand and th' other 2 the Arms of Huniades which he sent a Present to Sigismund of Transilvania Then he took Orosige a famous Port-town the abode of the Turks Purveyor finding therein Butter Cheese Honey and other provision enough for 8000 men for a whole year He took also from them Kilec and Galempe with the strong Castle of St. George called Grigio and then besieged Laganoc At first of the Spring came Matthias from the Nobles of Hungary assembled at Presburg to Vienna and so to the Emperour at Prague who made him General of lower Hungary Maximilian his Brother General of upper Maximilians Lievt was Lo. Matthias's was Count Mansfelt sent for out of Flanders Joh. de Medices he made a Master of the Ordnance with charge to fortifie Komara which he so did that it was thought not inferiour to Rab in strength all which time the Emperour soliciting the Christian Princes for repressing of the common Enemy out of his Hereditary Provinces and from other Princes He had this Spring raised a right puissant Army to the number of 15900 Horse and 50500 Foot which notable Army raised from the power of divers Christian Princes and conducted by worthy Chieftains had much better success this Summer than had the like Army the year before Charls Count Mansfelt son of Peter Ernest the old Count from his youth brought up in Arms was by the King of Spain sent with 2000 Horse and 6000 Foot out of the Low-countries most of whom being Walloons He departed from Bruxelles in Febr. and taking leave of his Father at Luxenburg came through Germany in March to Prague where he was by the Emperour and Arch-Duke most honourably entertained and shortly aster with great solemnity created a Prince of the Empire His following Forces were by the way stayed partly through the unwonted rising of rivers partly by some German Princes jealousie who denied them passage till the Emperours Letters had opened the way yet the Princes in their passage stood on their guard Fame now encreasing the wondrous preparations of Turks and Christians the Turks exceeding carefully looked to the fortifying of their Frontier-towns chiefly Strigonium and Rab as did the Christians to Komara and Altenburg Many hot skirmishes passed the while between them especially in Transilvania and Valachia the Turks being still worsted to the great discontent of their Emperour Near Temesware the Bassa of Buda was overthrown by Ferentz and the Transilvanians Asid Ferat entring Valachia with a great Army was by Lo. Nadasti and the Valachians ayded by Transilvanians discomfited and overthrown Nadasti sending 8000 Turks heads to Alba Julia to Sigismund and some Ensigns one most richly garnished being thought worth 30000 Dollars which the Prince restoring to Nadasti offered him great possessions in Transilvania if he would have seated himself there All this Spring the Turks boasted and threatned they would shortly work Wonders by Sea and Land and for the more credit Rays a notable Pyrate was sent with 12 Galleys who did much harm upon the coasts of Italy reporting where he landed that this was but the beginning of a greater War a wondrous Fleet being to follow which raised a great fear in divers places yet no such Fleet appeared for the Turk much troubled with the revolt of Transilvania c. and the then raging mortality among his Souldiers and Horses could not look into the Sea his hands being sull enough with the troubles of Hungary Sigismund upon some just causes suspecting Aaron of Moldavia to have Intelligence with the Polanders and also with Cardinal Bator and other his mortal Enemies and secretly to have bin about to make his peace with Mahomet which encreasing suspition being about this time confirmed by Letters intercepted the Prince had Aaron apprehended and with his Wife and Son to be sent as prisoners to Prague placing by consent of the Nobility one Roswan in his room a wise and discreet Moldavian and who had bin alway to him faithfull but
benefit they had from him so lately received and in case they should little esteem of those things yet they should know he was not to be feared with words but fully resolved not to stir a foot thence with his Forces but rather to lose his life which for all that he would sell as dear as he could They courteously answered him He should not give 〈◊〉 to any speeches of the light vulgar but to content himself that the Nobility had not done any 〈◊〉 thing So after much dispute were appointed 3 persons according to the 3 estates to go and request the Emperour Maximilian for their Governour with special request also that he would not overcharge with forraign Souldiers that Province already sore 〈◊〉 especially having in it-self people sufficient more nimble to encounter with Turks than the slow Almaines and they also of a double charge Basta thought it not good to call again any such Assembly seeing plainly the mind of the people was to resolve to remain for ever free if they should have come to a second consultation yea in that very Diet the Chiaki was declared Governour in behalf of the people with authority in many things of himself to determin without any assembly of the other States which they said They did only till they by the Emperour were provided of a 〈◊〉 Howbeit Basta perceived more than a Tribunitiall power to be now ioyned by the people to the Emperour's Commissioners knowing that this Chiaki was in great hope to have bin proclaimed Prince of the Confederates if they had not bin presently relieved against the Vayuod having noted in him his great ambition in marching from 〈◊〉 towards the Vayuod Next day came all the Councel of that Province with the Deputies appointed to have gone to the Emperour and the people to Basta's House requesting him to send his Germans out of the Country and after so many troubles to give it a little leave to 〈◊〉 himself might stay at Alba Julia till the Deputies might go to his Majesty with their requests Basta not a little troubled with such an Imperious request now saw himself deceived in the ground of all this action by trusting too much to his own too small Forces in so populous a Province contenting himself only with their Oath without any other Hostages Besides of the 6000 that he brought with him thither 3500 of Silesia now brought to 2000 could not be perswaded longer to stay without their pay before-hand the pay of their Country being already spent and the rest drawn out of the Garrisons of upper Hungary or there pressed were at a certain time to return Yet for not grieving of the Country he requested of them some strong place wherein his men in Garrison might live upon their own Wages which when he could not obtain and considering it might happen unto those few which would stay with him as it did to the 8000 Almaines of Castaldo driven out of that Country under colour of some insolency committed though about 20 〈◊〉 had bin the chief doers thereof he resolved of all these things to give notice to the Court so to march softly to the confines and to save his 8 pieces of Ordnance and Munition in Vivar-Castle a good way within the confines which with Kniver-Castle the Generall of the Vayuods Horse delivered to one of the Emperour's Commissioners who there provided for Basta his familiar Favorite although the Transilvanians had sought with great promises to have had the said strong Castles in their own power But the matter was so well handled afterwards by Basta 〈◊〉 and the other Emperour 's great Favorites that in a Diet of the Transilvaniaus he was with a convenient guard again received as the Emperors Lievt till further order were by him taken The Chiaki and his Complices faintly consenting thereunto Neither had Basta any longer assurance of that his Government than the fickle people would afford him with which his weak State among more enemies than friends we will a while leave him In the mean time the Treaty betwixt the Emperour and the Turk being frustrated Ibraim Bassa having made great preparation all last Winter now at length in the latter end of Aug. began to set forward with his Army from Belgrade supposed to be about 200000 men and sitting down before Babotsca a strong Fortress in lower Hungary furiously battered it purposing next day to assault it but the Captain of the Castle considering the weakness of his Garrison and the walls to be already sore shaken delivered up the place upon reasonable composition Thence the Bassa marched to Canisia in the Frontiers of Stiria a Town supposed by most to be impregnable for it was scituated in a very deep Marsh and strongly garrisoned with Hungarians and Almaines Ibrahim especially longed for this place both to free the Turks Frontiers from the often incursions of the Souldiers therein and hereby also to open a more free safe passage for the Turks into Austria So encamping on the side of the Marsh which encompassed the Isle whereon the Town stood he began with Faggots Earth to fill up the Marsh so to pass over his Army the besieged not ceasing with great shot to disturb them c. Who yet proceeding in their work had brought it almost close to the Island where being about to land they were by the Garrison-souldiers encountring them forced to retire with the loss of a number of men and 2 of their best Captains but preparing against next day with a greater force to have assaulted the Isle they saw the Imperiall Army now at their backs aud doing them great harm with their Artillery divers Bands also sometime sallying out of the Camp discharged great Vollies of shot even into their Trenches also from the Town they received no small hurt The Imperiall Army were about 42000 Horse and Foot men of divers Nations under the leading of Duke Mercurie with whom were also Nadasti and divers other famous Captains come for the relief of 〈◊〉 a place of so great importance But Ibrahim understanding by his espials the smalness of their number went out and joyned battel with them with great slaughter on both sides which doubtfull fight yet in all mens judgement most enclinable unto the Christians was by the coming on of the night broken off The Christians retiring into their Trenches the Turks stood all night in the field with their Weapons in their hands who presuming on their multitude and next day daring the Christians to battel their Captains being at variance could by no means be perswaded to go out against them So that the Tartarian General taking courage made an inroad into the Country and meeting with 200 Waggons laden with Victuals for the Christian Army slew the Convoy and carried them away whereby such want arose among them that they were glad by night to dislodge and retire which for all that being by the Turks perceived they presently following them cut off above 3000
writing for him to confirm most being drawn out of the pacification at Vienna in 1606 1. Freédom of Religion to be permitted in every City and Town 2. All the strong places to be governed by natural Hungarian Captains 3. That Crown to be still in Hungary and kept by temporal men 4. First of all a Palatine to be chosen 5. If the King did not alwayes reside there he to be content that the Palatine and Councel should in his absence conclude of all things 6. All publick Offices to be bestowed onely upon well deserving Hungarians none to be admitted for money 7. No Jesuites to be in the Kingdom nor Ecclesiastical men so much favoured as formerly 8. Officers not to be bound to give account but before the Treasurers of Presburg being natural Hungarians 9. Money not to be carried out of the Kingdom as hitherto 10. The Palatine dying the King to chuse another within a year the chief Justice the while as of old supplying the place The Protestant States of Austria had sent to those of Hungary then at Presburg requesting that since they could not obtain the free exercise of Religion as well within as without their Cities they would afford them the ayd due by the pacification at Vienna who sent Turson and others with interceding Letters to Maximilian who answered King Matthias never thought to attempt against the priviledges of Austria granted by the Emperour Maximilian but he could by no means grant to the Cities the liberty of Religion both for Conscience and for danger that might ensue from the Pope and King of Spain yet he would promise to suffer it without the Cities and in bestowing publique Offices to regard no Religion yet so that they laid down Arms submitted to the King confessed their fault craving pardon whereby perhaps they should prevail most The Hungarian Embassadors going with this answer to the Austrians by divers Reasons earnestly perswaded them to submit and by request to solicite their cause with the King whereof were That the League betwixt the Hungarians and Austrians concerned as well the Catholiques as Protestants that the Hungarian power could not be brought into Austria but to its utter destruction that 〈◊〉 Religion was never planted or defended with the Sword Christ saying them to be happy who therefore suffer persecution and commanding Peter to put up his Sword into his scabberd that hereby Hungary it self should be exposed to many dangers c. But all Controversies ended with the Hungarians Illishashius was chosen Palatine and Matthias November the 14th proclaimed King of Hungary and on the 19th day Crowned in great Pomp and solemnity at Presburg and on a high 〈◊〉 covered with Cloth sworn to the HUNGARIANS as their KING and they to him as his Subjects where many Haiducks and common people at or after the great Feast scrambling for the money that was cast abroad and in taking up the Cloth from the scaffold had their hands and fingers cut off King MATTHIAS now stayed at Presburg till the new Building in the Castle was ended where the Crown was to be kept that he might see it with the other Ornaments put thereinto and sealed up with his own Seal and the while laboured to appease divers contentions and to place fit men in great Offices for the Hungarians would not suffer the Germanes therein wherefore many were displaced and Sigifrid Collonitz also a most well-deserving man yet soon after by Maximilian's Counsel he was by the Hungarians repenting thereof both restored to his former Offices and had even greater preferments offered him also but Illishaschius now Palatine Novemb. 28 largely and earnestly entreated with the King in behalf of the Protestants of Austria chiefly because those of Hungary seemed in their behalf much moved and the Moravian Embassadors openly protested their States could not forsake them if their need required The Elector of Saxonie and other Princes of the Empire earnestly interceded also for them yet the Popes Nuntio so withstood them that the King then granted nothing who returning to Vienna the Protestant States of Austria sent six EMBASSADORS to the KING to know whereto to trust who answered them December the 27 they should be content with the former answer and submit to the Kings pleasure or do what they saw good whereupon they levied new Forces perswading their Souldiers that minding their Oaths to serve faithfully wheresoever and against whomsoever Now a great Army of the Protestants lay about Crembsa and Spain So that the King sent to those two Towns 1500 Horse and some Ordnance under Bucheme to strengthen them publishing an Edict Jan. 10th 1609 charging the States to come to Vienna on the 21 day to take the 〈◊〉 of allegiance yet they most stifly refused remitting nothing of their Requests so that 〈◊〉 who had 〈◊〉 in this cause was quite out of 〈◊〉 Bucheme the while was like to be disappointed of a 〈◊〉 place he was about to take up for his Horsemen by Gerrane's Horse on the States side wherefore Bucheime with seven Troops and Gerrane with 3 and 3 Companies of Foot had a hot skirmish Jan. 13th 100 of Bucheimes men being slain of Gerranes not so many they having the advantage of ground hereupon the King much moved proclaimed at Vienna proscribing all the Protestants Souldiers and pronouncing them Rebels except before Jan. 21 they laying down Arms departed their Camp howbeit the 〈◊〉 States increased their Forces and from a Hill not far from Hallenbynne discharging three tire of Ordnance much terrified the Kings Souldiers within the Town The States of Moravia about this time sent Embassadors to those at Horne and others to the King declaring unto him their States were earnestly importuned by those of Austria to 〈◊〉 them ayd according to their agreement the year before and amongst the rest telling him the Protestant States were content to put the controversie to grave and wise Arbitrators on both sides yet so that for 〈◊〉 dayes no Hostility should be used the Inhabitants above and beneath Amisum to be comprised in this Truce those in durance for Religion to be freed and all high wayes and passes to be cleared from all dangers Hereupon the King gave leave to the States of Moravia upon the most equall tearms they could to compose all matters who so laboured therein that March the 12th a Pacification was made betwixt the King and them the Pope's Nuntio and other great Ones seeking in vain to lett it and among other Articles concerning the liberty of their Religion and Priviledges some who were put out of Office for not taking the oath of Allegiance were to be restored to their places all grudging 〈◊〉 and quarrell to be on both sides forgiven and for ever forgotten the Towns above Amisum to have the free exercise of the reformed Religion in their Suburbs and Hospitals Ere long the King going to Lintze with 300 Horse was with 8 Troops aud 15 Foot Companies meeting him most honourably brought into the City where
he received of the States the Oath of Obedience which Triumphantly performed he May 27. 〈◊〉 to Vienna The States of Austria the while Zealously exercising their Religion at Horne a multitudet of people daily resorted to their Sermons the Romanists much grieving and fretting thereat the King also put divers Catholicks out of Office placing Protestants in their rooms greatly discontenting many About which time the Bassa of Agria had compacted with one Drake for 20000 Crowns before-hand to have Filek delivered unto him who would have effected it by setting his House on fire in the night but his traiterous purpose discovered and by him confessed he was alive cut into 4 pieces The Bassa of Buda also went about to exact the Oath of Allegiance of above 400 Christian-Villages not comprized within the Treaty but the Haiducks on the other side assembled in great numbers in upper Hungary began here and there to trouble the Turks till they were commanded to desist for disturbing the peace About this time also Illishachius much beloved and lamented of the Hungarians died at Vienna who was with all Funerall pomp buried in his own Territory in Hungary with his Ancestours in whose stead Turson was by the Hungarian Nobility chose Palatine and by the generall acclamations of the people so saluted And now rather worse troubles began to arise in Bohemia for Religion than in Austria the Hussites so called earnestly importuning the Emperour for the free exercise thereof or rather for removall of some grievances done thereto and the Catholiques leaving nothing unattempted to frustrate whatever the Emperour had in a generall Assembly granted to them of the Religion which controversie he having referred to some of his chief Counsellours and they wholly favouring the Romanists would give the other no answer to rest on they upon good deliberation appointed May 4th to hold a generall meeting in the new Court at Prague to consult of all matters concerning their Religion yet the while protesting in Parliament by Codovitsius They appointed it for the Emperour 's good and quiet of the whole Realm c. Immediatly after they sent Embassadors to King Matthias the Electour Palatine Dukes of Saxony and Brunswick requesting them to mediate for them to the Emperour for the freedom of their Religion wholly agreeing with the confession of Augusta long before allowed by Maximilian Now these 〈◊〉 were by some commended by others both blamed and accused of Rebellion but the Emperour complaining of the inconsideratnesse of his Counsellours prorogued the Parliament commanding by a 〈◊〉 that very day to be appointed for concluding that Article of Religion on which the States had appointed their Assembly Howbeit many troublesome Spirits published in Writing that the States-Assembly was only to rise rebelliously against the Laws and their Prince and advised them to forbear from making any such Assembly Hereupon in Prague they of the Religion and Romanists not daring to trust each other were ready upon every false report and vain surmise to go together by the ears till the Emperour caused it to be proclaimed in the now Court at Prague that he understanding the States Apology did abrogate his late Edict against them accounting them all for his good Subjects c Denouncing their appointing their Assembly in the new Court at Prague not to be contrary to his Majesty and that he appointed May 25. for a Parliament to be in Prague-Castle for ending the Article about Religion and reforming other grievances of the Common-wealth yet so that the said States should safely and quietly come thither not entertaining any Forraign Souldiers as neither should himself do Whereupon they publiquely praying and singing for their good success returned from the new Court to provide to come to the Parliament next day But the Emperour still delaying the matter the States weary and in doubt June 3d. offered to the Emperour a short writing concerning their grief and further purpose 〈◊〉 the blame to the troublesome Natures of some Ecclesiastical and Temporal persons protesting also that since they certainly heard much Warlique preparation chiefly in Bavaria to be and divers consultations to be holden against them unknown to him and his faithfull Counsellours which might tend to the destruction of himself and the whole Kingdom they would endeavour by Arms to their utmost to defend him their Soveraign with themselves and the Kingdom against Forraign Force and Invasion In the mean time an Embassadour from the Duke of Saxony came to entreat the Emperour in the State 's behalf 〈◊〉 also of the Silesian States came requesting the Emperour to have the free exercise of their Religion 〈◊〉 unto them and promising most readily to ayd the Bohemian States if need should be but the Bohemian States raised a great number of Horse and Foot whom they brought even to the City at length July the 11. the Saxon Embassadours earnestly soliciting their cause they received answer from the Emperor according to their desire by effectual Letters granting the States of the Religion a free communicating under both kinds and a free exercise of their Religion in all points throughout all Bohemia without the let or interruption of any and to be he said for ever inviolably kept Which to be for ever remembred he would cause the same to be enrolled in the publique Records of Parliament The Letters were publiquely set up in Prague-Castle July 13. that all might know this Article of Religion the first in that Parliament propounded to be concluded according to the minds of the States who on the 15 day had a publique Sermon according to the confession of Augusta preached in the German Tongue in an assembling place which had long bin shut up sending also to the Duke of Saxony for learned men for the setting up of the University of Prage and governing the lower-Consistory there both now granted unto them also by the Emperors Letters And for all this the Silesian Embassadour's still labouring with the Emperour for the religious liberty of that Province the Bohemian States would not dismisse their Souldiers mustered nigh Roggenson till the Silesians had their request offering him also a large Narrative of their griefs But the Turks Embassador coming from Vienna with a notable Train Sept. 21. having first saluted and presented the King with great gifts at Vienna comming to Prague was honourably received by the Citizens and Emperour's Council Octob. 12. and on the 19 day presented to the Emperour from the Sultan a rich Tent of divers colours most curiously wrought with Orient Pearls 4 couragious Horses with most sumptuous Furniture some Turkish Weapons set with precious Stones a Princely Turks-Robe used at their Marriages with other rare things of less value He also delivered him the Sultans Letters desiring the peace for 20 years to be again renewed unto whom Letters were delivered from the Emperour with rich Presents for the Sultan to wit Caroches lined within with Damask and covered without with black Velvet 6 gallant Horses most richly
with Sand and then he entred in great pomp into Constantinople with a great number of Horsemen and some Companies of Foot the Cadis or men of justice of the City all the Talumans or those of Mahomets Law then the Visiers and Bassaes after whom followed the Sultan with his Houshold many being most fair Pages chosen among the Infants of the Tribute for the unnatural pleasures of their Master Divers Beglerbegs also attended him and with their Companies and Nassuff's five hundred attendants richly armed c. The number of all sorts of Attendants was esteemed forty thousand persons The Persian Embassador that he might carry into his Countrey a pattern of the Ottoman State and greatness cast out as the Sultan passed by his Lodging one hundred pieces of Silk which were gathered up by the Archers of his Guard There was other pomp celebrated this year in France Spain Naples and Germany for the Marriages of Lewis the 13th of France with Anne Infanta of Spain and of the Prince of Spain with Lewis's eldest Sister for the Crowning of the Empress and the Emperours entrance into Nuremberg Four dayes after the Persian Embassador had audience kissing the Sultans hand and presenting unto him in his Masters behalf four hundred Balls of Silk a Bezoar-stone as big as a mans fist and others lesse nine Bags full of Turquoises a Foot and a half long and above four fingers broad many Tapestries of Wooll Silk Cloth of Gold and Silver with many other precious and rare things Then beginning to treat seriously after some difficulties a peace was concluded the Persian King to pay two hundred Camels Loads of Silk yearly Tribute to the Turk the Persian's Sonne to be called Bassa of Tauris and the Cadi thereof to be sent from Constantinople The Embassador now returned leaving most of his Train dead of the Plague at Constantinople whose Head his King cut off for this dishonourable and burthensom peace sending back the Chiaux comn from Constantinople to see him sweare the peace Some write he did him some indignities which made the Turk and him return to Arms. Nassuf to shew his Authority procured to have the Chimacham deprived of his Bassa's-place and sent over to Scudaret pretending to prefer him to a Government nigh Trebizond but intending to deprive him of his head whereupon his many and great friends in Court procured of the Sultan to have him sent for back again for he was old and might live at home in quiet and for his former services had one thousand aspers a day allowed him which much discontented Nassuf Matthias the Emperour sent Negroni his Embassador to the Sultan to complain of the daily enterprises upon Transilvania which he said belonged to him as a dependant on Hungary Negroni kissed the Sultans hand but his Presents being of lesse value than the Persians were little esteemed His demands of Transilvania were grounded upon an Article of the peace between the Emperour and Botscay which was that Botscay dying without issue-male Transilvania should be at the Emperours disposall this being read the Mufti answered it was against their Law so those demands were rejected since Botscay said the Visier had no power from the 〈◊〉 to treat and give to the Emperor Transilvania after death Negroni grounded Botscay's gift upon the 8th Article of peace betwixt the Turk and Emperour concluded in the Isle of Danubius to wit That all granted in Botscays Treaty at Vienna should be faithfully observed Nassuf replyed Amurath then Visier might err in Signing those Articles shewing some other Articles where that was not inserted saying The Sultan would perform only those pressing Negroni to sign them which he refused so as Nassuf used some threats but he replyed In this case he had rather die gloriously for the good of his Masters affairs than having signed those to die with infamy at his return yet promising to acquaint his Emperour and certifie them of his pleasure Achmat after this went to lay at Hadrianople where his Janizrries began to mutiny spurning at their daily Bread and Rice and being asked the reason answered No Emperour before him had so carried out his men in the depth of Winter This much incensed Nassuf who was in such credit with the Sultan that while he stayed there he came 3 times privately to visit him and obtained a priviledge none privately to speak with him but himself Returning to Constantinople there was a great fire 500 Houses being burnt Nassuf finding some Janizaries readier to break open Locks rifle Shops than to quench the fire struck out the brains of one with his Mace and brake anothers arm It was an old custom there that the whole Family where the fire began should die for neglect but the Seraill in Achmats Fathers time happening on fire Cicala petitioned him this custom to be abolished as unjust that others should die and not so in the Emperour's House whereto he yielded Soon after there was another great fire where Nassuf hanged many Janizaries finding them too busie in rifling going up and down with his Scimitar in one hand and a Janizaries head he had cut off in the other The G. Seignior sent him Holy-water wherein he had dipt a piece of 〈◊〉 Garment which poured into the fire the Turks said It ceased presently yet many Eye-witnesses say It burned 4 hours after This Visier was a cruell Enemy to the Janizaries sending 16000 into Asia suffering no more to be made but only Saphies and over such as remained he made his own servants to be Churbagies and Agaes of fifties and hundreds fortifying himself by all means he could to prevent his sudden ruin Let us pass into Africk The Family of the Xeriffs of Fez and Morrocco began some 104 years since from Mahomet Xerif born at Tigumedet in Dara a Province of Morrocco he was Alfaqui or Preacher of Mahomet's Law who seeing the divisions betwixt those Soveraign Princes and that the Portugals had seized on the chief Forts of Morrocco began with 3 of his Sons Abdalla Hamet and Mahomet to lay the Foundation of a new Monarchy by a cóvnterfeit Piety on a godly pretence of warring against the Portugals and upon a desire to retire the Moors who were in their pay the more easily to chase them out of Morroeco The King of Fez seeing but the out-side of his Designes let his son's display their Standard against the Portugals in Morrocco who being at first followed by a great number vanquished in many encounters the bruit whereof retired the Moors from their service whom with Barriga their Leader they soon after defeated yet Abdalla lost his life in this Combat but seized upon Tarradent in Sus and in a manner the whole Country betwixt Morrocco and Mount Atlas setling their Principality in Tarradent their Father being called Governour of the Province of Sus. The King of Morrocco fearing their present greatness yet assured of some fit occasion to bring them under let them enter into Morrocco but they
Spaniard in Hungary and then 〈◊〉 at Sea came thither May 1. He was to treat of the freedom of the Holland-slaves to make a League with the Turk and obtain a free Navigation for the Hollanders throughout his Empire He kist Achmat's hand and was favourably received presenting to him the Letters of his Embassy and rich and rare Presents which the Sultan accepted with Admiration July 6. After the League betwixt them was sworn according to the Embassadours forementioned charge Achmat also granting That the States should have an Embassador residing at his Port. About the end of this year the Moors chased out of Spain having by Presents won the favour of the Cadi of Pera who was a Negro newly placed in by Nassuf had power to thrust all the Jews out of Pera and to ruin their Synagogues which they did with all violence One of the Jews Sect dwelling in Chios thinking he had more credit than the rest complained to the Cadi who in stead of doing justice caused 500 blows to be given him with a cudgel The Morisques threatned also to do as much to the Christians at Pera as had bin done to them in Spain bragging they would seize upon their Temples chiefly that of the Franciscans reasonable fair but the French Embassador complaining to the Visier he prohibited any of their attempts on rigorous punishment but throughout all the Levant and in all encounters where they came they did the Christians much more mischief than the Turks At this time Achmat had collected a mighty Army for Transilvania encamping it about his Pallace of Darut Bassa whither the Constantinopolitans walked to see it few days after he went to Hadrianople meaning to proceed in his Voyage leaving only his Admirall at Constantinople to have a care of the City who published an Edict That no man should go out of his House nor keep light therein after the Cry which is an hour within night when the Talismans from the top of their Mosques invite the people to make their Sala or prayer then he sent some Chaoux 〈◊〉 entreat all Embassadors there to suffer none of their people to go out by night that their liberty might not give a dangerous Example yet 3 English men of the Embassadors train going forth were met by the Provost of Pera who took them and causing each of them to have 150 blows with a Cudgel committed them to prison never opened but with a silver Key About the end of the year the Patriarch of Constantinople upon divers complaints was deprived by the Visier Cyrillus Patriarch of Alexandria much against his will preferred to the place The former Excōmunicates all that wrought his overthrow but himself was banished into Rhodes in his passage the Vessel being cast upon Mitilene he there renounced the Patriarchship before that Bishop resigning it to him of Patras who coming to Constantinople labored with Nassuf for the place who upon promise to pay 15000 Chequines 10000 more than they were wort made him a grant whereupon Cyril came with the Greeks to expostulate with the Visier who said He must do what he could for the Emperours fit Wherefore if they would give the 15000 Chequines Cyril should continue the people were willing but Cyril refusing th' other was made Patriarch who sent for the old one 〈◊〉 Rhodes to make peace with him holding his excommunication unjust being deprived by a Council also About which time Nassuf sent for the English French Venetian and Low-country Embassadors to raise their Custom one in the 100 more than the Merchants formerly paid Whilst Achmat's Army drew near to Transilvania fortifying his places in those Countries Cosmo de Medicis G. D. of Tuscany bent his designes against the Fort of Agliman in Caramania of old Cilicia being the Fort and Port of the City Selencia which in old time contained within it the most fearfull Forces of the Pirates of those days The Trophy of the Heads of 40 Florentines were erected on the Walls of Agliman by the ignorance of the Captain of the ship Prosper caused the G. Duke to study this 〈◊〉 in the end of March 1613. he armed 6 galleys under Inghirami manning them with 6 Companies of Foot commanded by Montanto besides 40 Knights of St. Steven and many other Gentlemen Petro de Medicis being one from Ligorne they came to Civita Vecchia In the beginning of April they took in the Earl of Candale and other Nobles and Gentlemen of France who would be partakers in the enterprize About mid April they landed by night nigh 〈◊〉 a small Town in Asia the less but they found it forsaken by the Inhabitants sayling Eastward they set upon and took 3 Vessels like Caramousalls Upon their way to Agliman they took a Vessell called Grippe instructing them that there were 2 Galleys of Cyprus in the Port which was well furnished with all necessaries and without a good number of Horsmen and that one of the Gallies was to come forth to fetch a new Mast from the Isle Pappadula Inghirami laid his Fleet close in the Island to surprize that Galley but it discovering them speedily returned to Agliman allaruming all the Country of which they had news by a long-Boat they sent from the Port Cavalier to discover yet they pass on and about 3 in the morning came near the shoar and before 6 they landed about a mile and half from the Port. Montanto the Earl of Candale and a few choise ones landed first to discover encountring with the Turkish-horse yet Montanto commanded they should all land save 20 to guard every Galley Within this strong Fort seated upon a little pleasant Hill were above 300 fighting men with store of necessaries for defence without were a 100 Horse scouring up and down and within the Port 2 Galleys a Caramousall and a Greek Brigandine with about 150 fighting men The order of the Florentines Combat being divided by Montanto Candale led them forward without being charged by the Turks till he came within 120 paces of the Wall where he was charged before from the Fort behind by the Galleys and in Flank from the Mountain with such a horrible cry that the Marriners with the Petards exceedingly terrified let them fall and fled but Monterault and Tiel took them up Being come within 15 paces of the Walls 20 Turks sallied forth but being too weak they fled presently back into the Town the Earl tried to enter with them but the Port was shut so soon as they were in While they were fastning the Petard to the Gate great stones fell upon the Troop wherewith Don Pedro was overthrown and half-slain Whilst they were thus busied the Mayor came and told Candale there was 300 Musquetiers come to charge him they were 2 Beys come out of the Galleys through the bad guarding of those left to hinder their landing he leaving some with the Petard turned with the rest to charge them but they retreated towards the Mountain making many a shot so the Christians
Embassadors to the Grand Seignior and the Prince of Transilvania to negotiate and since Hungary was much exhausted what should be taken in Stiria Carinthia and Carniola to be united to it that it might the better resist the Turk all which tended to the prejudice and ruine of the House of Austria Bethlem knowing he had much incensed the Emperour and whole House of Austria by these actions he therefore in the end of this year sent an Embassador with Presents to Constantinople to crave assurance of the Sultans aid and support if the Emperour should invade Transilvania having first prevailed over the Bohemians where being countenanced by many chief Bassaes Osman confirmed unto him his constant support and protection by an Oath containing many fearful and Turkish imprecations Jan. 5th whereby Gabor assured in the beginning of 1620 called an Assembly of the States of Hungary at Presburg whither came Embassadors from the Bohemian King and States and incorporated Provinces concluding a mutual and perpetual League both there and then at Prague one of the Articles being that seeing there was chiefly need a peace to be made and kept with the Turk a new Embassage should be sent to the Sultan from them all and 〈◊〉 chiefly to undertake that business yet so that all should 〈◊〉 their Embassadors and bear their shares both for the Presents and Charges In June Bethlem Gabor at an Assembly-of the Hungarian States at Newhusall propounded That he very much desired to restore Hungary so afflicted to freedom and enjoyment of Religion and priviledges he sparing no cost for its lawful defence having as a Witness that he desired peace 〈◊〉 the Crown offered him at Presburg that the ground of peace was to maintain the League begun with the Bohemians That he always desired peace with other Princes help so it were sincere to obtain which he had aided his miserably afflicted Confederates That he knew the Emperour desired Warre who had let the Cossacks spoil many places of Hungary with fire and sword denying passage for the Bohemian and Austrian Embassadors wherefore they must now consult how Warre might be begun and maintained c. and for speedy sending Embassadors to the Turk lest being engaged in intestine Warre the frontier Forts should be attempted then there came Embassadors thither from Bohemia Austria Silesia Lusatia Poland Turkie and Venice this being content that Commonwèalth should enter a League the Turk also offering a perpetual League with them Aug. 25 Bethlem Gabor at the Turks instance and with the applause of most of the States was proclaimed King of Hungary by the Palatine and then he levied an Army of 30000 some say 50000 Horse and Foot with many Ensignes with divers Emblems and devices wherefore the Protestants of Vienna the Emperour consenting wrote humbly intreating to spare the City and Countrey for their innocent Wives and Childrens sakes yet all the Citizens the while were to provide for six moneths Victuals Constantinople had newes of an apparition seen at Medina in Arabia where 〈◊〉 being buried the Turks use to go in Pilgrimage to visit his Tombe but they must first go to Mecha a few days journey off for a Ticket from the Beglerbeg The Vision continued three weeks terrifying the whole Countrey because none could discover what it meant About Septemb. 20th there was such a Tempest and fearful thunder about midnight as the Heavens were darkned and those awake almost distracted but the Element being clear they might read these words therein in Arabick Oh why will ye 〈◊〉 in lies Between 2 and 3 a Clock a Woman in white was seen encompassed with the 〈◊〉 with chearful countenance and a Book in her hand From the North-west right against her came Armies of Turks Persians Arabians and other 〈◊〉 in order and ready to charge her but she stirred not onely opening the Book whereat they fled and presently all the Lamps about Mahomet's Tombe went out for the Vision vanishing commonly an hour before Sun rising they heard a murmuring wind imputing their extinguishment thereto The ancient Pilgrims of Mahomet's race who visiting this place cut not their 〈◊〉 were much amazed as not conceiving the meaning hereof but a Derviser or Turkish Capuchin living in contemplation stepping boldly up said to the Company The World had rever but three true Religions each having a Prophet first God choosing the Jewes did wonders for them in Aegypt bringing them out by Moses who gave them a Law wherein he would have maintained them if not obstinate rebellious and idolatrous so he gave them over scattering them upon the face of the Earth Presently after he raised a new Prophet who taught the Christian Religion which Good Man the Jews 〈◊〉 as a Seducer not moved with his Piety great Miracles or Doctrine yet afterwards the preaching of a few Fishermen so moved mens hearts as the greatest Monarchs bowed to his very Title and yielded to the command of his Ministers but their Church being dismembred into East and West and idolatrously setting up Images with many idle Ceremonies God was weary of them too sending divisions among them and also forsaking them dispossessed them of Jerusalem and Constantinople Yet God the Governour of the World raised great Mahomet giving way to our Nation so that we shall be for ever happy if we can serve this God aright and take example by others fall But alas I tremble to speak it we have erred in all points wilfully breaking our first Institutions so as God hath shewed his wrath by evident signs keeping our Prophet from us who set a time to return with all happinesse to his People 40 years being past by our account Wherefore this strange and fearful Vision foretells some great troubles and Changes For either the opening of the Woman's Book foretells our falling from 〈◊〉 first intent of our Law whereat these armed men depart as confounded with guilt of Conscience or 〈◊〉 other Book in which we have not yet read and against which no power shall prevail so as I fear our Religion will be proved corrupt and our Prophet an Impostor and then this Christ whom they talk of shall shine like the Sun and set up his Name everlastingly The company at this word charging him with Blasphemy a Capitall offence condemned him and by the Beglerbegs warrant put him to Death not beheading or strangling him as they usually do but stripping him naked gave him 100 blows on the soles of his Feet till the blood came forth the poor Priest crying still upon the Woman that opened the Book Then they beat all his Body with a Bulls pizzel till his sinewes crackt and laying him on a Wheel with an Indian Sword of Sinewes they brake his bones to pieces He crying to the last gasp Oh thou Woman with the Book save me The Beglerbeg when as there was a fearful tempest sent some Spahies to advertise the Sultan of these tydings Michna being made Vayuod of Moldavia by Achmat and the Polonian party wholly
The Grand Seignior being still bent to dethrone Ragotzi sent rigorous Orders to the Moldavian and Wallachian Princes That they should invade him But he sent more severe Order to the 〈◊〉 of Buda threatning That if he did not his duty he should be flead alive and his skin placed on one of Buda's Towers whereupon Ragotzi challenged the 〈◊〉 to a fight advancing about the beginning of July who thereupon breaking up from Lippa the Transilvanians fired the Suburbs of Arad Castle towards which he was marching The Turks Officers who led the Avaunt seeing the smoak and fire hastned directly to the 〈◊〉 whom the Hungarians following put to flight Mustapha Beg being taken Prisoner whereby the encouraged Transilvanians drew near the Turks main Army the Turks thereupon discharged 3 great Guns to warn their men to retire within the Waggons placed for a 〈◊〉 but the Transilvanians so plyed them with their great Guns that they fled into a Valley who the Transilvanians pursuing them into the River Mor were drowned and the whole Turkish Army became a prey on July 4th 1658. The chief prisoners besides Mustapha wounded being the Bassa of Agria the Col. Aga of the Janizaries Col. Gyenety Aga at Buda and the Beg of Lippa Alai Beg of Waitzen being trodden to death by the Horse the Bassa was likewise so put to it in flight that he was forced to run into the water whom a Hussar pursuing catched by the Garment to take him but he was rescued and the Hussar slain The Prince's men pursuing them above 30 leagues to one of their chief Cities they returned with rich booties The newes of this overthrow caused such an alteration at Constantinople that contrary to the Law of Nation they imprisoned the Imperial and French Embassadors charging the French of being a Complice with his Son in his Letter in Cyphers which he intercepted and the other That his Master had suffered some German Companies to serve under Ragotzi though the Emperour's Deputies had demonstrated it was without his consent and that the Turk for his money might have as many of them as he would The Turks besieged the chief City of Candia expecting that the Captain Bassa who was at Sea would shut up all the passages by Sea with 40 Galleys but he hearing that the Venetian Galleys were in his way retired to Scio. The Venetian General re-inforced his Fleet with Galleys sent by the Pope and the Grand Master of Malta having monies and all 〈◊〉 of Ammunitions and Provisions with 4 Fire-ships provided for him July 9. wherewith he defeated 44 Turkish Galleys at the Dardanelles which were commanded to clear the Passage taking very rich booty Prince Ragotzi having had good success against the Turks thereby so obliged the States of Transylvania to him that they resolved to establish him in that 〈◊〉 from which the Grand Seigniour would have 〈◊〉 him sending him an Embassadour to let him know That they desired his good Will for the continuance of the Prince Who July 18. defeated a Party of Turks but gave no Quarter and holding a Generall Muster there appeared 16000 fighting men besides a great party of Dragoons which he expected whereby in part he recovered two 〈◊〉 which the Turk had before taken from him The Hungarians also raised an Army 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 7 Towns 〈◊〉 to them which the Turks formerly had taken whereof they would restore but three July 18. 1658. Prince Leopold of Austria King of Hungary and Bohemia was elected to be Emperour of the Romans at Franckford by the Prince Elector Palatine the Elector of Mentz Trior Colen Saxony and the Brandenburgish and Bavarian Embassadours with all the State and Splendour usual in that Ceremony And Sept. 24. was received into Vienna with all magnificent Soem nity possible Prince Ragotzi proceeding against the Turks put the Bassa of Buda 〈◊〉 flight 4 of his chief Commanders and 6000 men being taken and killed But the Prime Visier marched towards Belgrade with 80000. men besides Forces which were to come Aug. 1. Count Vorgats commanded 300. Hussars to fetch away the Cattle from Graen but 300 Janizaries issued 〈◊〉 and put them to flight yet the Count at length forced them into a Village which he set on fire burning some of them and carried away 〈◊〉 Prisoners Aug. 9. Prince Ragotzi came upon the Turks at unawares defeated them and pursued above 30 〈◊〉 to one of their chief Cities and returned with rich booty And after that he burned Lippa to the ground About this time the Hungurian General Prince Gonzaga finding the Turks in a Warlike posture demanded what they intended and they answered That they intended no hostility against Hungary but that the Great Turk was Resolved to call Ragotzi 〈◊〉 an Account for his Actions The Turks Sept. 21. took the Castle Jeno without much opposition and besieged Wardein 300 foot and 300 Horse of theirs falling in at the Old Castle put many of Ragotzi's men to the Sword where was store of Gunpowder the rest blew themselves and the Turks into the Ayr. The Venetian Fleet Sept. 28. departed to Candia to a oid Tempests at Sea And the Ships of Malta and the Pope's Galley's returned home with great booty which they got out of the Turkish Islands Octob. 9. The Turks laid waste all the Territories which belong to Ragotzi using the people cruelly carrying away many thousands in Captivity and from thence they went towards the Danow to suppresse 〈◊〉 Rebellious Bassaes which made the Hungarian States consult daily to help Prince Ragotzi but could get no answer from the Emperor concerning this point because he would know what the Turkish Embassadour would propound and had appointed Lamboy to be General of the Army in Hungary in stead of Gonzaga The chief Vizier having taken 〈◊〉 Castle besieged Varadin by reason of which Prince Ragotzi finding himself too weak retired so far that the Tartars took Alba-Julia the Metropolis of Transilvania and made more then 40000 slaves Octob. 12. About which time the English Ship 〈◊〉 was set upon comming from Constantinople to Legorn by three ships of the Pirate 〈◊〉 they defended themselves bravely and much endamaged the Pirates but the captain seeing that he could not save the ship blew up themselves with the Pirates that had boarded her The Venetian Generalissimo Morisini perceiving he could 〈◊〉 no opportunity to engage the Turks as he desired thought fit by uniting with the Pope's Squadrons and those of Malta to attempt a surprise of the City of 〈◊〉 which seemed easy in regard the Governour was gone forth with the better part of the Garrison and had gained Intelligence of the principal 〈◊〉 For Execution whereof the Fleet set Sail to Delos and staid there three dayes under the command of the Marquess of Villa nova where the Generalissimo arriving gave order for Fire-works Petards Scaling-ladders and other necessary Instruments designing to every one what Post to attaque Seignior Philippo Ghesi had command to break the chain in the entrance