together_o with_o berha_n his_o queen_n their_o son_n thalbald_n the_o reverend_a archbishop_n augustine_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n do_v solemnize_v the_o feast_n of_o christ_n nativity_n in_o the_o city_n of_o canterbury_n and_o do_v there_o cause_n to_o be_v assemble_v on_o the_o 9th_o of_o january_n the_o common_a council_n of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o well_o the_o clergy_n as_o the_o lay-subject_a by_o who_o consent_n and_o approbation_n he_o cause_v the_o monastery_n by_o he_o build_v to_o be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n almighty_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o augustine_n and_o though_o no_o question_n other_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v find_v among_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n yet_o be_v the_o west_n saxon_a kingdom_n do_v in_o fine_a prevail_v and_o unite_v all_o the_o rest_n into_o one_o monarchy_n we_o shall_v apply_v ourselves_o unto_o that_o more_o punctual_o and_o with_o great_a care_n i._o and_o first_o we_o read_v of_o egbert_n who_o first_o unite_v the_o seven_o kingdom_n of_o the_o saxon_n under_o the_o common_a name_n of_o england_n that_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v convene_v at_o london_n his_o bishop_n and_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o high_a rank_n pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la capiendo_fw-la adversus_fw-la danicos_fw-la pyratas_fw-la ingulph_n pyratas_fw-la charta_fw-la whitlagii_fw-la mercyorum_fw-la regis_fw-la ap_fw-mi ingulph_n to_o advise_v upon_o some_o course_n against_o the_o danish_a pirate_n who_o infest_a the_o sea-coast_n of_o england_n ii_o another_o parliament_n or_o council_n call_v it_o which_o you_o will_v call_v at_o kingbury_n anno_fw-la 855_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ethelwolph_n the_o son_n of_o egbert_n pro_fw-la negotiis_fw-la regni_fw-la ingulf_n regni_fw-la charta_fw-la bertult_v mer._n regis_n ap_fw-mi ingulf_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o act_n whereof_o be_v ratify_v and_o subscribe_v by_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n iii_o we_o find_v that_o the_o same_o king_n ethelwolph_n in_o a_o parliament_n or_o assembly_n of_o his_o state_n at_o winchester_n anno_fw-la 855._o cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la hist_o principum_fw-la ingulf_n croyland_n hist_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o nobility_n confirm_v unto_o the_o clergy_n the_o ten_o part_n of_o all_o man_n good_n and_o order_v that_o the_o tithe_n so_o confirm_v unto_o they_o shall_v be_v free_a ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la secularibus_fw-la servitutibus_fw-la from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o imposition_n iv_o the_o two_o charter_n be_v issue_v out_o by_o athelstone_n abovementioned_a consilio_fw-la wifelmi_n archiepiscopi_fw-la mei_fw-la &_o aliorum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la meorum_fw-la 403._o meorum_fw-la ap._n eund_n p._n 402_o 403._o by_o the_o advice_n of_o wiselme_n his_o archbishop_n and_o his_o other_o bishop_n and_o v._o that_o ina_n in_o the_o year_n 902._o cause_v the_o great_a council_n of_o his_o realm_n to_o be_v assemble_v consist_v ex_fw-la episcopis_fw-la principibus_fw-la proceribus_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o bishop_n prince_n nobles_z earls_z and_o of_o all_o the_o wise_a man_n elder_n and_o people_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o there_o enact_v divers_a law_n for_o the_o weal_n of_o this_o realm_n 219._o realm_n ap._n eund_n p_o 219._o we_o also_o read_v this_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edrid_a anno_fw-la 948._o viz._n in_o festo_fw-la igitur_fw-la nativitatis_fw-la beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la cum_fw-la universi_fw-la magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la per_fw-la regium_fw-la edictum_fw-la summoniti_fw-la tam_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la ac_fw-la abbates_n quam_fw-la caeteri_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la proceres_fw-la &_o optimates_fw-la londini_fw-la convenissent_fw-la ad_fw-la tractandum_fw-la de_fw-la negotiis_fw-la publicis_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la lond._n regni_fw-la id._n ibid._n p._n 497._o edit_n lond._n that_o in_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o nativity_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o be_v to_o say_v archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n noble_n peer_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n to_o appear_v at_o london_n to_o handle_v and_o conclude_v about_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n mention_v of_o which_o assembly_n be_v make_v again_o at_o the_o foundation_n and_o endowment_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o crowland_n 500_o crowland_n mad_a p._n 500_o and_o afterward_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o same_o by_o edgar_n anno_fw-la 966._o praesentibus_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la &_o optimatibus_fw-la regni_fw-la 50._o regni_fw-la id._n p._n 5._o p._n 1._o 50._o in_o the_o presence_n of_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o like_a convention_n of_o estate_n we_o find_v to_o have_v be_v call_v by_o canutus_n the_o dane_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edm._n ironside_n for_o the_o settle_n of_o the_o crown_n on_o his_o own_o head_n of_o which_o thus_o the_o author_n 250._o author_n rog._n hoved._n annal_n pag._n prio_fw-la p._n 250._o cujus_fw-la post_fw-la mortem_fw-la rex_fw-la canutus_n omnes_fw-la episcopos_fw-la &_o deuce_n nec_fw-la non_fw-la &_o principes_fw-la cunctosque_fw-la optimates_fw-la gentis_fw-la angliae_fw-la londini_fw-la congregari_fw-la jussit_fw-la where_o we_o still_o find_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o well_o as_o the_o duke_n prince_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o to_o be_v rank_v and_o marshal_v first_o which_o clear_o show_v that_o they_o be_v always_o reckon_v for_o the_o first_o estate_n before_o the_o great_a and_o most_o eminent_a of_o the_o secular_a peer_n and_o so_o we_o find_v it_o also_o in_o a_o charter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o saxon_a race_n by_o which_o he_o grant_v certain_a land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o church_n of_o westminster_n an._n 1066._o cum_fw-la concilio_n &_o decreto_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la optimatum_fw-la 630._o optimatum_fw-la ap_fw-mi h._n spel._n in_o council_n p._n 630._o with_o the_o counsel_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earls_z and_o other_o of_o his_o noble_n and_o all_o this_o while_n the_o bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n do_v hold_v by_o no_o other_o tenure_n than_o in_o pura_fw-la &_o perpetua_fw-la eleemosyna_fw-la brit._n eleemosyna_fw-la camden_n in_o brit._n or_o frank_a almoygne_n as_o our_o lawyer_n call_v it_o and_o therefore_o sit_v in_o parliament_n in_o no_o other_o capacity_n than_o as_o spiritual_a person_n mere_o who_o by_o their_o extraorinary_a knowledge_n in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o in_o such_o other_o part_n of_o learning_n as_o the_o world_n than_o know_v be_v think_v best_o able_a to_o direct_v and_o advise_v their_o prince_n in_o all_o point_n of_o difficulty_n but_o when_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n have_v possess_v the_o state_n than_o the_o case_n be_v alter_v the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n be_v no_o long_o suffer_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n in_o frank_n almoigne_z as_o before_z they_o do_v or_o to_o be_v free_a from_o secular_a service_n and_o command_n as_o before_o they_o be_v although_o they_o keep_v their_o land_n yet_o they_o change_v their_o tenure_n and_o by_o the_o conqueror_n be_v ordain_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n sub_fw-la militari_fw-la servitute_fw-la 1070._o servitute_fw-la mat._n paris_n in_o will._n 1._o an._n 1070._o either_o in_o capite_fw-la or_o by_o baronage_n or_o some_o such_o military_a hold_n and_o thereby_o be_v compellable_n to_o aid_v the_o king_n in_o all_o time_n of_o war_n with_o man_n arm_n and_o horse_n as_o the_o lay-subject_n of_o the_o same_o tenor_n be_v require_v to_o do_v which_o though_o it_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v a_o great_a disfranchisement_n at_o first_o and_o a_o heavy_a burden_n to_o the_o prelacy_n yet_o it_o conduce_v at_o last_o to_o their_o great_a honour_n in_o give_v they_o a_o further_a title_n to_o their_o place_n in_o parliament_n than_o that_o which_o former_o they_o can_v pretend_v to_o before_o they_o claim_v a_o place_n therein_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la only_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o office_n or_o spiritual_a dignity_n but_o after_o this_o by_o reason_n also_o of_o those_o barony_n which_o be_v erect_v and_o annex_v to_o their_o several_a dignity_n en_fw-fr respect_n de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr possession_n l'antient_a barony_n annex_v a_o leur_fw-fr dignity_n 3._o dignity_n stratford_n pleas._n l._n 3._o as_o our_o lawyer_n have_v it_o from_o this_o time_n forward_o we_o must_v look_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n not_o as_o bishop_n only_o but_o as_o peer_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n also_o and_o so_o themselves_o affirm_v to_o the_o temporal_a lord_n in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o northampton_n under_o henry_n the_o second_o non_fw-la sedemus_fw-la hic_fw-la episcopi_fw-la say_v barones_n pares_fw-la hic_fw-la sumus_fw-la 18._o sumus_fw-la selden_n title_n of_o hon_n p_o 2._o 18._o we_o sit_v not_o here_o say_v they_o as_o bishop_n only_o but_o as_o baron_n we_o be_v baron_n and_o you_o be_v
the_o king_n council_n which_o the_o king_n grant_v yet_o afterward_o 51_o e._n 3._o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o themselves_o he_o be_v restore_v to_o all_o and_o declare_v innocent_a this_o gentleman_n be_v so_o sensible_a of_o this_o their_o prejudice_n and_o rashness_n attend_v with_o so_o much_o levity_n that_o he_o can_v not_o pass_v it_o by_o without_o set_v some_o remark_n upon_o it_o p._n 12._o but_o when_o justice_n loyalty_n and_o honour_n govern_v their_o debate_n and_o resolution_n we_o may_v put_v the_o king_n and_o to_o use_v his_o own_o illustration_n all_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n into_o the_o same_o nest_n of_o box_n and_o yet_o their_o respective_a interest_n which_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n interweave_v will_v be_v secure_a and_o preserve_v inviolate_a but_o the_o gentleman_n tell_v we_o further_o that_o if_o the_o bishop_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n nothing_o can_v pass_v in_o parliament_n without_o they_o this_o may_v be_v general_o true_a among_o state_n coordinate_a without_o a_o sovereign_a head_n over_o they_o and_o when_o a_o rival_n be_v set_v up_o to_o give_v checkmate_n to_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 8._o mention_v by_o this_o gentleman_n at_o p._n 92._o when_o the_o question_n be_v to_o who_o the_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o time_n of_o such_o a_o competition_n the_o crown_n be_v oblige_v to_o secure_v itself_o against_o such_o a_o usurpation_n and_o do_v most_o just_o abandon_v the_o clergy_n that_o side_n with_o it_o but_o 2._o if_o act_n have_v pass_v without_o the_o bishop_n they_o have_v likewise_o do_v so_o as_o by_o he_o be_v say_v sometime_o without_o the_o commons_o egbert_n who_o first_o unite_v the_o seven_o kingdom_n of_o the_o saxon_n under_o the_o common_a name_n of_o england_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v convene_v at_o london_n his_o bishop_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o high_a rank_n to_o advise_v upon_o some_o course_n against_o the_o danish_a pirate_n this_o be_v a_o military_a business_n and_o bloodshed_n may_v have_v ensue_v upon_o the_o stubbornness_n of_o those_o pirate_n who_o infest_a the_o sea-coast_n of_o england_n and_o king_n ethelwolph_n in_o parliament_n or_o assembly_n of_o his_o state_n at_z winchester_z anno_fw-la 855._o by_o the_o advice_n 72._o these_o great_a council_n be_v the_o parliament_n of_o those_o time_n let._n p._n 72._o and_o counsel_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o nobility_n confirm_v unto_o the_o clergy_n the_o ten_o part_n of_o all_o man_n good_n and_o order_v that_o the_o tithe_n so_o confirm_v unto_o they_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o imposition_n and_o wingate_n in_o his_o abridgement_n and_o the_o word_n parliament_n tell_v we_o out_o of_o the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n of_o a_o act_n in_o aelfred_n time_n that_o parliament_n shall_v be_v hold_v twice_o a_o year_n and_o often_o if_o need_v require_v but_o note_n say_v he_o this_o be_v by_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n only_o and_o i_o believe_v we_o may_v observe_v the_o like_a practice_n among_o some_o of_o this_o gentleman_n precedent_n but_o it_o be_v much_o more_o satisfactory_a when_o the_o law_n be_v enact_v by_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a that_o be_v by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o joint_a assent_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o parliament_n let_v we_o not_o therefore_o dissolve_v or_o drive_v they_o away_o when_o we_o have_v they_o that_o which_o be_v allege_v out_o of_o bishop_n jewel_n and_o crompton_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o quodlibetical_a question_n for_o your_o 98._o p._n 93._o to_o 98._o satisfaction_n that_o king_n james_n be_v of_o this_o judgement_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o very_a word_n and_o speech_n produce_v by_o this_o gentleman_n to_o the_o contrary_n the_o parliament_n say_v he_o be_v compose_v of_o a_o head_n and_o a_o body_n the_o head_n be_v the_o king_n the_o body_n be_v the_o member_n of_o the_o parliament_n this_o body_n again_o be_v subdivide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o upper_a and_o the_o low_a house_n the_o upper_a house_n compound_v partly_o of_o nobility_n temporal_a man_n who_o be_v hereditable_a counsellor_n to_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n by_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o creation_n and_o land_n and_o partly_o of_o bishop_n spiritual_a man_n who_o be_v likewise_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o place_n and_o dignity_n counsellor_n ad_fw-la vitam_fw-la liferenters_a of_o this_o court._n the_o other_o house_n be_v compose_v of_o knight_n for_o the_o shire_n and_o gentry_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o to_n here_o we_o see_v though_o the_o king_n make_v but_o two_o house_n yet_o he_o do_v clear_o distinguish_v they_o into_o three_o estate_n though_o he_o do_v not_o call_v they_o so_o to_o what_o be_v say_v by_o stephen_n gardiner_n and_o finch_n i_o oppose_v the_o testimony_n of_o livy_n selden_n cook_n and_o sheppard_n to_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o b._n memory_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o 19_o propos_fw-fr when_o he_o be_v fluctuate_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o storm_n gather_v round_o about_o he_o and_o to_o the_o declaration_n of_o the_o commons_o 2_o h._n 4._o n._n 32._o i_o may_v answer_v that_o the_o upper_a house_n in_o a_o large_a sense_n consist_v of_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a sit_v and_o vote_v together_o may_v be_v take_v for_o one_o estate_n but_o take_v precise_o and_o in_o a_o strict_a sense_n as_o their_o concern_v and_o interest_n be_v distinct_a so_o they_o be_v clear_o two_n but_o to_o those_o authority_n i_o shall_v rather_o oppose_v the_o act_n of_o recognition_n 1_o eliz._n 3._o where_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o in_o that_o parliament_n assemble_v do_v recognize_v the_o queen_n majesty_n to_o be_v their_o true_a lawful_a and_o undoubted_a sovereign_n liege_v lady_n and_o queen_n in_o these_o word_n we_o your_o most_o faithful_a loving_n and_o obedient_a subject_n represent_v the_o three_o estate_n of_o this_o realm_n which_o evident_o show_v the_o queen_n be_v not_o there_o esteem_v one_o so_o when_o the_o funeral_n of_o hen._n 5._o be_v end_v the_o three_o estate_n do_v assemble_v and_o acknowledge_v his_o son_n king_n to_o think_v to_o elude_v such_o evidence_n by_o say_v as_o this_o gentleman_n do_v in_o the_o like_a case_n that_o such_o expression_n be_v deliver_v obiter_fw-la upon_o the_o by_o be_v to_o make_v what_o we_o fancy_v not_o in_o any_o statute_n utter_o void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n the_o next_o question_n concern_v the_o bishop_n peerage_n for_o the_o affirmative_a we_o have_v these_o thing_n to_o say_v 1._o that_o the_o prelate_n be_v call_v by_o the_o same_o writ_n for_o form_n and_o manner_n with_o that_o direct_v to_o the_o temporal_a baron_n so_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o quodlibetical_a question_n that_o they_o sit_v and_o vote_n there_o by_o a_o double_a capacity_n as_o bishop_n first_o in_o reference_n to_o their_o several_a see_v and_o second_o as_o peer_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o barony_n hereupon_o they_o affirm_v to_o the_o lord_n temporal_a in_o parliament_n hold_v at_o northampton_n hen._n 2._o as_o selden_n report_v we_o sit_v not_o here_o as_o bishop_n only_o but_o as_o baron_n we_o be_v baron_n and_o you_o be_v baron_n here_o we_o sit_v as_o peer_n and_o some_o statute_n call_v they_o peer_n of_o the_o land_n in_o terminis_fw-la 2._o it_o be_v his_o grace_n of_o canterbury_n title_n primus_fw-la par_fw-fr angliae_fw-la that_o the_o first_o peer_n shall_v be_v no_o peer_n be_v a_o unheard_a of_o solecism_n if_o he_o be_v a_o peer_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v his_o com-peer_n what_o ever_o they_o be_v to_o the_o lord_n temporal_a john_n stratford_n archbishop_n of_o that_o place_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 3_o claim_v this_o privilege_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o see_n and_o the_o protestat_fw-la of_o w._n courtney_n elsewhere_o mention_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v another_o pregnant_a evidence_n to_o this_o purpose_n and_o 25_o edw._n 3._o the_o prelate_n put_v up_o this_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n as_o the_o gentleman_n himself_o relate_v it_o p._n 83._o see_v archbishop_n and_o bishop_n hold_v their_o temporalty_n of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o land_n as_o other_o earl_n and_o baron_n be_v that_o you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o grant_v unto_o they_o that_o no_o judge_n may_v henceforward_o for_o mere_a contempt_n cause_v their_o temporalty_n to_o be_v seize_v here_o we_o have_v a_o prayer_n that_o their_o temporalty_n may_v not_o be_v seize_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o
lawyer_n understand_v to_o be_v the_o sentence_n of_o guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a now_o i_o will_v fain_o be_v resolve_v whether_o these_o proceed_n be_v not_o in_o agitatione_n causae_fw-la sanguim_n whether_o accoord_v 1._o p._n 1._o to_o this_o practice_n a_o case_n of_o blood_n be_v not_o all_o the_o while_n in_o agitation_n and_o then_o reflect_v upon_o the_o gentleman_n rule_n in_o logic_n causa_fw-la causae_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la causati_fw-la and_o upon_o the_o story_n of_o chaucer_n friar_n let_v the_o reader_n please_v to_o peruse_v p._n 64_o 65_o 66_o of_o the_o letter_n and_o then_o judge_v whether_o the_o practice_n be_v not_o as_o i_o say_v irrational_a and_o then_o second_o this_o practice_n of_o those_o popish_a time_n be_v uncharitable_a for_o if_o the_o bishop_n be_v debar_v sit_v as_o judge_n in_o such_o case_n capital_a out_o of_o a_o suspicion_n of_o their_o integrity_n it_o be_v uncharitable_a to_o the_o bishop_n if_o out_o of_o a_o jealousy_n they_o may_v be_v too_o soft_a and_o yield_a in_o their_o clemency_n it_o be_v uncharitable_a to_o the_o delinquent_n if_o out_o of_o fear_n they_o may_v be_v too_o severe_a in_o point_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v uncharitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o discretion_n ought_v to_o take_v her_o rule_n from_o charity_n when_o pity_n and_o when_o severity_n be_v to_o be_v use_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o public_a sometime_o justice_n may_v be_v provoke_v into_o severity_n and_o when_o impeachment_n be_v prefer_v with_o rigour_n it_o be_v possible_a the_o prudence_n and_o piety_n of_o such_o grave_n and_o holy_a person_n intervening_a a_o rash_a and_o unadvisable_a sentence_n may_v be_v stop_v and_o prevent_v a_o deluge_n of_o mischief_n which_o may_v otherwise_o ensue_v letter_n ensue_v see_v the_o case_n p._n 26_o 27_o 28._o of_o the_o letter_n have_v the_o bishop_n be_v present_a at_o haxeye_n trial_n they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v prevent_v his_o condemnation_n as_o obtain_v his_o pardon_n the_o canon-law_n than_o give_v the_o first_o rise_v and_o beginning_n to_o this_o usage_n as_o this_o gentleman_n seem_v to_o acknowledge_v p._n 68_o but_o the_o ground_n of_o that_o canon_n be_v superstition_n and_o it_o do_v confront_v the_o king_n supremacy_n and_o be_v irrational_a and_o uncharitable_a in_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o let_v we_o therefore_o examine_v what_o force_v it_o have_v and_o by_o what_o authority_n that_o this_o be_v in_o use_n while_o the_o pope_n have_v a_o concurrent_a jurisdiction_n here_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o whether_o ever_o it_o receive_v a_o civil_a sanction_n and_o a_o express_a ratification_n and_o have_v the_o stamp_n of_o parliament-authority_n set_v upon_o it_o be_v the_o matter_n now_o in_o question_n and_o this_o i_o do_v steadfast_o deny_v and_o the_o gentleman_n as_o earnest_o affirm_v and_o contend_v for_o to_o prove_v this_o he_o do_v allege_v a_o double_a confirmation_n and_o to_o give_v it_o the_o more_o credit_n he_o carry_v it_o up_o as_o high_a as_o the_o day_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n but_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o management_n of_o his_o evidence_n he_o turn_v a_o indulgence_n into_o a_o prohibition_n a_o privilege_n into_o a_o complete_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o a_o protestation_n into_o a_o statute_n he_o do_v allege_v the_o year-book_n of_o 10_o e._n 4._o term._n pasch_fw-mi n._n 35._o 78._o let._n p._n 78._o where_o we_o have_v set_v down_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o trial_n in_o parliament_n when_o a_o lord_n be_v indict_v etc._n etc._n he_o shall_v plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o this_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o his_o peer_n and_o then_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a who_o may_v not_o consent_v to_o the_o death_n of_o any_o man_n shall_v make_v their_o proctor_n etc._n etc._n this_o say_v he_o i_o allege_v to_o show_v that_o even_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o bishop_n can_v be_v judge_n in_o a_o case_n capital_a here_o the_o gentleman_n say_v their_o make_v a_o proctor_n be_v error_n temporis_fw-la the_o error_n of_o those_o time_n why_o because_o that_o practice_n be_v not_o for_o his_o purpose_n but_o if_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n he_o mean_v the_o statute-law_n as_o he_o seem_v to_o do_v i_o must_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o reverse_v his_o judgement_n for_o the_o pope_n have_v then_o a_o concurrent_a jurisdiction_n here_o in_o england_n the_o canon-law_n be_v in_o force_n among_o they_o and_o in_o declare_v that_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a may_v not_o consent_v to_o the_o death_n of_o any_o man_n they_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o canon-law_n but_o this_o be_v not_o any_o the_o least_o confirmation_n of_o it_o but_o this_o gentleman_n will_v needs_o have_v it_o confirm_v by_o a_o civil_a sanction_n and_o so_o become_v the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o first_o confirmation_n he_o say_v be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o 10_o h._n etc._n p._n 69_o etc._n etc._n 2._o among_o the_o sixteen_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n which_o beside_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n to_o make_v the_o observation_n of_o they_o the_o more_o inviolable_a be_v establish_v by_o the_o solemnity_n 72._o p._n 72._o of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v the_o great_a obligation_n that_o mankind_n be_v capable_a of_o make_v even_o god_n a_o party_n to_o it_o to_o see_v it_o obey_v and_o punish_v the_o transgressor_n here_o be_v a_o fair_a plea_n for_o a_o solemn_a confirmation_n if_o the_o gentleman_n be_v not_o partial_a or_o mistake_v in_o the_o business_n but_o the_o case_n be_v this_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o immunity_n the_o prelate_n especial_o grow_v very_o remiss_a and_o careless_a of_o their_o duty_n as_o be_v note_v former_o hereupon_o in_o that_o great_a council_n which_o be_v then_o their_o parliament_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o king_n make_v this_o the_o 11_o of_o those_o constitution_n the_o archbishop_n bishop_n &_o universae_fw-la personae_fw-la regni_fw-la 71._o p._n 71._o not_o all_o the_o dignify_v clergy_n of_o the_o land_n as_o this_o gentleman_n render_v it_o but_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o who_o have_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v hold_v their_o possession_n from_o the_o king_n as_o a_o barony_n and_o shall_v answer_v for_o their_o estate_n unto_o the_o king_n justice_n and_o minister_n and_o shall_v observe_v and_o obey_v all_o the_o king_n law_n and_o together_o with_o other_o baron_n they_o be_v to_o be_v present_a in_o all_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n court_n this_n be_v the_o duty_n they_o be_v oblige_v and_o solemn_o swear_v to_o and_o then_o follow_v a_o indulgence_n or_o privilege_n till_o the_o sentence_n come_v to_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n and_o here_o they_o be_v leave_v to_o their_o liberty_n to_o observe_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o holy_a canon_n hereupon_o we_o may_v 73._o p._n 73._o build_v our_o faith_n that_o there_o be_v real_o such_o a_o usage_n as_o this_o gentleman_n infer_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o that_o a_o liberty_n be_v leave_v to_o continue_v it_o according_a to_o the_o canon_n and_o in_o veneration_n of_o it_o but_o that_o it_o be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v we_o have_v not_o one_o syllable_n to_o prove_v it_o the_o second_o confirmation_n this_o gentleman_n find_v be_v in_o 11_o r._n etc._n p._n 18_o etc._n etc._n 71_o etc._n etc._n 2._o upon_o the_o protestation_n of_o the_o archbishop_n for_o himself_o and_o the_o other_o bishop_n and_o here_o after_o some_o fluctuation_n and_o unsteadiness_n p._n 75._o to_o make_v it_o a_o law_n he_o tell_v we_o the_o subject_a matter_n enact_v do_v consist_v of_o two_o particular_n the_o one_o that_o the_o prelate_n have_v a_o right_a to_o sit_v and_o vote_n in_o all_o other_o business_n the_o other_o that_o they_o have_v no_o right_n nor_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o be_v present_a in_o parliament_n when_o such_o business_n be_v in_o question_n but_o the_o tenor_n of_o their_o protestation_n be_v that_o they_o intend_v to_o be_v present_a to_o consult_v to_o treat_v of_o and_o to_o determine_v in_o omnibus_fw-la in_o all_o thing_n save_v their_o right_n their_o state_n and_o dignity_n but_o because_o some_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v transact_v in_o that_o parliament_n at_o which_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o sacred_a canon_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o be_v personal_o present_a therefore_o they_o protest_v that_o while_o such_o thing_n be_v in_o agitation_n they_o will_v absent_v themselves_o which_o protestation_n be_v read_v in_o full_a parliament_n at_o the_o instance_n and_o prayer_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o parliament-roll_n by_o the_o king_n command_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o commons_o this_o the_o gentleman_n will_v needs_o contend_v to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o parliament_n or_o a_o law_n