pope_n toe_n be_v of_o the_o worship_n that_o be_v give_v to_o he_o why_o shall_v it_o be_v more_o unlawful_a to_o worship_n god_n by_o worship_v fire_n or_o water_n or_o the_o earth_n or_o any_o inferior_a creature_n suppose_v god_n to_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n than_o it_o be_v to_o show_v reverence_n to_o the_o pope_n by_o kiss_v his_o toe_n which_o i_o suppose_v can_v be_v upon_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o his_o body_n which_o be_v animate_v by_o the_o same_o soul_n in_o all_o the_o member_n of_o it_o 4._o that_o aquinas_n do_v not_o therefore_o say_v that_o the_o heathen_n worship_v devil_n because_o the_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o worship_v be_v a_o arch-devil_n as_o t._n g._n say_v but_o because_o none_o but_o evil_a spirit_n will_v draw_v man_n to_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o any_o thing_n but_o god_n himself_o and_o then_o that_o evil_a spirit_n do_v appear_v to_o heighten_v and_o encourage_v this_o devotion_n by_o act_v and_o speak_v in_o image_n the_o consequence_n of_o which_o i_o desire_v t._n g._n to_o consider_v and_o this_o testimony_n of_o aquinas_n be_v the_o more_o considerable_a not_o only_o for_o his_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o because_o pius_fw-la 5._o in_o the_o approbation_n of_o his_o work_n a._n d._n 1567._o very_o grave_o mention_n christ_n speak_v to_o he_o from_o a_o crucifix_n when_o he_o be_v pray_v before_o it_o that_o he_o have_v write_v well_o concern_v he_o it_o seem_v the_o crucifix_n be_v animate_v too_o but_o because_o i_o find_v this_o book_n so_o high_o applaud_v by_o possevin_n 2._o and_o other_o for_o the_o best_a account_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n in_o opposition_n to_o heathenism_n card._n cajetan_n in_o his_o commentary_n on_o aquinas_n speak_v of_o the_o image_n of_o god_n 3._o he_o distinguish_v they_o into_o 3._o sort_n 1._o some_o that_o be_v to_o represent_v the_o divinity_n which_o he_o utter_o condemn_v 2._o some_o to_o set_v forth_o the_o appearance_n of_o god_n mention_v in_o scripture_n 3._o some_o by_o way_n of_o analogy_n that_o by_o sensible_a thing_n we_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o the_o veneration_n of_o insensible_a as_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o old_a man_n hold_v a_o globe_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o last_o way_n say_v he_o come_v near_o to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o heathen_n who_o represent_v god_n diverse_o as_o he_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o divers_a effect_n as_o under_o the_o form_n of_o minerva_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o wisdom_n and_o the_o like_a will_v cajetan_n ever_o have_v parallel_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n with_o that_o of_o the_o heathen_n if_o he_o have_v think_v they_o have_v only_o picture_v the_o devil_n under_o these_o representation_n in_o another_o place_n he_o put_v this_o question_n how_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o all_o the_o god_n of_o the_o heathen_n be_v devil_n 4._o since_o although_o they_o worship_v many_o god_n yet_o withal_o they_o worship_v one_o supreme_a god_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v 1._o that_o the_o devil_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o idolatry_n and_o so_o they_o be_v devil_n causal_o though_o not_o essential_o 2._o that_o although_o those_o they_o worship_v be_v not_o in_o themselves_o devil_n as_o the_o heavenly_a intelligence_n yet_o they_o be_v so_o as_o they_o be_v the_o god_n of_o the_o heathen_n i_o e._n as_o they_o have_v divine_a worship_n give_v to_o they_o and_o the_o true_a god_n himself_o he_o say_v be_v not_o worship_v according_a to_o what_o he_o be_v but_o according_a to_o what_o they_o conceive_v of_o he_o but_o he_o grant_v before_o that_o they_o conceive_v of_o he_o as_o the_o supreme_a god_n which_o be_v a_o right_a conception_n of_o he_o but_o if_o he_o mean_v it_o be_v imperfect_a be_v it_o not_o so_o in_o those_o who_o worship_v he_o most_o true_o martinus_n peresius_n ayala_n a_o learned_a bishop_n in_o spain_n 120._o treat_v the_o question_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n say_v express_o that_o s._n augustine_n condemn_v all_o divine_a worship_n or_o latria_n to_o be_v give_v to_o any_o kind_n of_o image_n not_o say_v he_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o matter_n for_o there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o give_v caution_n against_o that_o but_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o representation_n and_o he_o call_v they_o idolater_n which_o give_v that_o worship_n to_o image_n which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n with_o t._n g_o be_v leave_v i_o translate_v simulachra_fw-la image_n for_o so_o i_o be_o sure_a peresius_n understand_v it_o neither_o say_v he_o be_v s._n augustine_n ignorant_a that_o there_o be_v few_o or_o none_o among_o the_o gentile_n who_o think_v the_o matter_n of_o their_o idol_n so_o fashion_v to_o be_v god_n or_o god_n let_v t._n g._n mark_v that_o but_o on_o that_o account_n he_o seem_v to_o condemn_v they_o that_o they_o give_v divine_a honour_n to_o their_o image_n as_o they_o represent_v god_n for_o there_o be_v many_o idol_n among_o they_o in_o which_o there_o be_v no_o devil_n who_o give_v answer_n but_o they_o only_o represent_v god_n as_o their_o benefactor_n neither_o do_v all_o the_o thing_n which_o the_o gentile_n worship_v signify_v a_o false_a god_n for_o there_o be_v a_o altar_n at_o athens_n to_o the_o unknown_a god_n joh._n ferus_fw-la say_v 17._o that_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o heathen_n be_v through_o their_o idol_n to_o give_v worship_n to_o the_o true_a god_n now_o t._n g._n know_v that_o humane_a act_n dâ—_n certain_o go_v whither_o they_o be_v intend_v so_o that_o according_a to_o ferus_fw-la these_o heathen_n do_v true_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n athan._n kircher_n lay_v it_o down_o as_o a_o certain_a principle_n 1._o that_o there_o never_o be_v in_o any_o age_n any_o people_n so_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a which_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v and_o worship_v one_o supreme_a deity_n the_o first_o principle_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n 2._o but_o say_v he_o that_o they_o may_v teach_v the_o people_n that_o the_o supreme_a be_v who_o we_o call_v god_n wâ—â—_n present_a in_o all_o place_n therefore_o they_o maâ—â—_n abundance_n of_o god_n in_o all_o place_n and_o ouâ—â—_n all_o thing_n so_o that_o as_o max._n tyrius_n say_v no_o place_n be_v leave_v without_o a_o deity_n petavius_n not_o only_o make_v use_v of_o the_o argument_n produce_v by_o the_o heathen_n to_o prove_v one_o supreme_a god_n 9_o and_o think_v they_o considerable_a but_o say_v that_o s._n paul_n demonstrate_v mark_v that_o that_o the_o gentile_a philosopher_n attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n by_o the_o work_n of_o creation_n and_o quote_v the_o say_n of_o max._n tyrius_n with_o approbation_n 1_o that_o however_o the_o several_a nation_n of_o the_o world_n differ_v from_o each_o other_o in_o custom_n and_o language_n and_o mode_n of_o worship_n yet_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o there_o be_v one_o god_n lord_n and_o father_n of_o all_o and_o say_v that_o the_o testimony_n of_o orosius_n be_v most_o true_a 1._o that_o both_o the_o philosopher_n and_o common_a heathen_n do_v believe_v one_o god_n the_o author_n of_o all_o thing_n 3._o and_o to_o who_o all_o thing_n be_v refer_v but_o that_o under_o this_o god_n they_o do_v worship_v many_o inferior_a and_o subservient_fw-fr god_n and_o he_o add_v that_o passage_n of_o s._n augustin_n 10._o that_o the_o heathen_n suppose_v all_o their_o god_n to_o come_v at_o first_o out_o of_o one_o substance_n but_o i_o wonder_v he_o omit_v what_o be_v very_o observable_a in_o the_o same_o chapter_n viz._n that_o faustus_n the_o manichean_a hold_v two_n first_o principle_n say_v that_o the_o christian_n join_v with_o the_o heathen_n in_o believe_v but_o one_o and_o s._n augustin_n confess_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o heathen_n do_v believe_v the_o same_o with_o the_o christian_n in_o that_o point_n but_o the_o difference_n he_o say_v lay_v here_o that_o they_o worship_v more_o god_n than_o one_o and_o therein_o the_o manichee_n agree_v with_o they_o and_o the_o christian_n only_o with_o the_o jew_n 9_o but_o the_o manichee_n in_o that_o be_v worse_o than_o the_o heathen_n that_o these_o worship_v those_o thing_n for_o god_n which_o be_v but_o be_v not_o god_n but_o they_o worship_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v so_o far_o from_o bein_z god_n that_o they_o be_v not_o at_o all_o faber_n faventinus_n advers._fw-la in_o his_o discourse_n against_o atheist_n 27._o insist_o upon_o this_o as_o a_o argument_n of_o some_o weight_n to_o prove_v a_o deity_n because_o all_o mankind_n have_v so_o settle_v a_o notion_n of_o one_o first_o principle_n in_o their_o mind_n from_o which_o all_o thing_n come_v and_o by_o which_o they_o be_v govern_v and_o however_o they_o differ_v in_o other_o conception_n about_o
stoic_n forbear_v adultery_n and_o so_o may_v the_o epicurean_o but_o the_o former_a do_v it_o because_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n repugnant_a to_o nature_n and_o civil_a society_n the_o latter_a because_o allow_v themselves_o this_o single_a pleasure_n may_v debar_v they_o of_o many_o more_o so_o say_v he_o in_o this_o matter_n those_o barbarous_a nation_n forbear_v image_n on_o other_o account_n than_o jew_n and_o christian_n do_v who_o dare_v not_o make_v use_n of_o this_o way_n of_o worship_v god_n observe_v that_o he_o do_v not_o say_v this_o of_o the_o way_n of_o worship_v false_a god_n or_o image_n for_o god_n but_o of_o worshippin_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o deity_n and_o he_o give_v three_o principal_a reason_n wherein_o they_o differ_v from_o those_o nation_n 1._o because_o this_o way_n of_o worship_n do_v disparage_v the_o deity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d again_o by_o draw_v it_o down_o to_o matter_n so_o fashion_v 2._o because_o the_o evil_a spirit_n be_v apt_a to_o harbour_v in_o those_o image_n and_o to_o take_v pleasure_n in_o the_o sacrifice_n there_o offer_v which_o reason_n as_o far_o as_o it_o respect_v the_o blood_n of_o sacrifice_n do_v relate_v to_o the_o heathen_a image_n stand_v over_o the_o altar_n at_o which_o the_o sacrifice_n be_v offer_v but_o then_o celsus_n may_v say_v what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o the_o purpose_n my_o question_n be_v why_o you_o have_v no_o image_n in_o your_o own_o way_n of_o worship_n therefore_o he_o add_v his_o three_o reason_n which_o make_v it_o utter_o unlawful_a for_o christian_n as_o well_o as_o jew_n to_o worship_v they_o which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n mention_v before_o now_o i_o say_v if_o origen_n answer_v pertinent_o he_o must_v give_v this_o as_o the_o reason_n why_o christian_n use_v no_o image_n in_o their_o own_o way_n of_o worship_n and_o consequent_o be_v so_o far_o from_o think_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n indifferent_a that_o he_o think_v christian_n ought_v rather_o to_o suffer_v martyrdom_n than_o to_o worship_v they_o but_o to_o put_v this_o beyond_o possibility_n of_o contradiction_n origen_n mention_n a_o say_n of_o heraclitus_n object_v by_o celsus_n that_o it_o be_v a_o foolish_a thing_n to_o pray_v to_o image_n unless_o a_o man_n know_v the_o god_n and_o hero_n worship_v by_o they_o which_o say_v celsus_n approve_v and_o say_v the_o christian_n be_v fool_n because_o they_o utter_o contemn_v image_n in_o totum_fw-la the_o latin_a interpreter_n render_v it_o to_o which_o origen_n thus_o answer_v we_o acknowledge_v that_o god_n may_v be_v know_v and_o his_o only_a son_n and_o those_o who_o he_o have_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o god_n who_o partake_v of_o his_o divinity_n and_o be_v different_a from_o the_o heathen_a deity_n which_o the_o scripture_n call_v devil_n i.e._n causal_o if_o not_o essential_o as_o cajetan_n distinguish_v but_o say_v he_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o that_o know_v god_n to_o worship_n image_n mark_v that_o he_o do_v not_o say_v it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o that_o know_v the_o idol_n of_o the_o heathen_n to_o worship_v they_o or_o the_o evil_a spirit_n that_o lurk_v in_o their_o image_n but_o for_o he_o that_o know_v the_o true_a god_n and_o his_o son_n christ_n jesus_n and_o the_o holy_a angel_n to_o do_v it_o be_v it_o possible_a after_o this_o to_o believe_v that_o origen_n suppose_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n to_o be_v indifferent_a in_o it_o self_n and_o that_o god_n and_o christ_n and_o angel_n may_v be_v lawful_o worship_v by_o they_o be_v all_o this_o only_a periculum_fw-la offensionis_fw-la jealousy_n of_o offence_n before_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n be_v root_v out_o which_o supposition_n make_v the_o primitive_a christian_n in_o plain_a term_n juggler_n and_o impostor_n to_o pretend_v that_o to_o be_v utter_o unlawful_a even_o for_o themselves_o to_o do_v and_o to_o mean_v no_o more_o by_o it_o but_o this_o yes_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o do_v it_o while_o there_o be_v any_o danger_n of_o heathenism_n but_o when_o once_o that_o be_v overthrow_v than_o we_o may_v worship_v image_n as_o well_o as_o the_o best_a of_o they_o for_o my_o part_n i_o believe_v the_o primitive_a christian_n to_o have_v be_v man_n of_o so_o much_o honesty_n and_o integrity_n that_o they_o will_v never_o have_v talk_v at_o this_o rate_n against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n as_o not_o only_a origen_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o the_o best_a and_o wise_a among_o they_o do_v as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n if_o they_o have_v this_o secret_a reserve_n in_o their_o mind_n that_o when_o heathenism_n be_v sink_v past_o recovery_n than_o they_o may_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o they_o utter_o condemn_v now_o which_o will_v be_v just_a like_o some_o that_o we_o have_v hear_v of_o who_o while_o there_o be_v any_o likelihood_n of_o the_o royal_a authority_n of_o this_o nation_n recover_v itself_o than_o they_o cry_v out_o upon_o kingly_a government_n as_o illegal_a tyrannical_a and_o antichristian_a but_o when_o the_o king_n be_v murder_v and_o the_o power_n come_v into_o their_o own_o hand_n than_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o saint_n to_o exercise_v that_o power_n which_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v enjoy_v by_o the_o wicked_a of_o the_o world_n so_o these_o man_n make_v the_o most_o excellent_a christian_n to_o be_v like_o a_o pack_n of_o hypocrite_n the_o heathen_n every_o where_o ask_v they_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o lactantius_n arnobius_n minucius_n and_o other_o as_o well_o as_o origen_n what_o be_v the_o matter_n with_o you_o christian_n that_o you_o have_v no_o image_n in_o your_o church_n what_o if_o you_o dare_v not_o join_v with_o we_o in_o our_o worship_n why_o do_v not_o you_o make_v use_n of_o they_o in_o your_o own_o be_v it_o only_a humour_n singularity_n and_o affectation_n of_o novelty_n in_o you_o if_o it_o be_v you_o show_v what_o manner_n of_o man_n you_o be_v no_o true_o say_v they_o grave_o and_o serious_o we_o do_v it_o not_o because_o we_o dare_v not_o do_v it_o for_o we_o be_v afraid_a of_o displease_v and_o dishonour_v god_n by_o it_o and_o we_o will_v on_o that_o account_n rather_o choose_v to_o die_v than_o do_v it_o upon_o such_o a_o answer_n the_o heathen_n may_v think_v they_o honest_a and_o simple_a man_n that_o do_v not_o know_v what_o to_o do_v with_o their_o life_n who_o be_v so_o willing_a to_o part_v with_o they_o on_o such_o easy_a term_n but_o if_o they_o have_v hear_v the_o bottom_n of_o all_o this_o be_v only_o a_o cunning_a and_o sly_a trick_n to_o undermine_v paganism_n and_o that_o they_o mean_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o though_o it_o be_v unlawful_a in_o itself_o but_o only_o unlawful_a till_o they_o have_v get_v the_o better_a of_o they_o what_o will_v they_o have_v think_v of_o such_o man_n no_o otherwise_o than_o that_o they_o be_v a_o company_n of_o base_a hypocrite_n that_o pretend_v one_o thing_n and_o mean_v another_o and_o that_o the_o wicked_a of_o the_o world_n may_v not_o worship_v image_n but_o the_o saint_n may_v when_o they_o have_v the_o power_n in_o their_o hand_n although_o before_o they_o declaim_v against_o it_o as_o the_o most_o vile_a mean_a and_o unworthy_a way_n of_o worship_n that_o ever_o come_v into_o the_o head_n of_o man_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o religion_n where_o it_o obtain_v that_o it_o be_v worse_a than_o the_o worship_n of_o beast_n that_o it_o be_v more_o reasonable_a to_o worship_v the_o artificer_n themselves_o than_o the_o image_n make_v by_o they_o that_o rat_n and_o mouse_n have_v less_o folly_n than_o mankind_n for_o they_o have_v no_o fear_n of_o what_o man_n fall_v down_o before_o with_o tremble_v and_o great_a show_n of_o devotion_n these_o and_o many_o such_o thing_n as_o these_o the_o father_n speak_v free_o open_o frequent_o on_o all_o occasion_n in_o all_o place_n against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o after_o all_o this_o be_v no_o more_o mean_v by_o it_o but_o only_o this_o thou_o o_o heathen_a must_v not_o worship_v image_n but_o i_o may_v and_o why_o not_o as_o well_o might_n the_o heathen_a reply_n thou_o must_v not_o commit_v adultery_n but_o i_o may_v do_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o command_v you_o boast_v so_o much_o of_o alter_v with_o man_n person_n be_v that_o indeed_o lawful_a for_o you_o that_o be_v not_o for_o we_o where_o do_v the_o law_n of_o moses_n say_v thou_o shall_v not_o worship_v the_o image_n that_o we_o worship_v but_o thou_o may_v worship_v the_o image_n that_o christian_n worship_n and_o if_o the_o law_n make_v no_o difference_n either_o leave_v off_o your_o foolish_a babble_n against_o our_o image_n or_o condemn_v your_o own_o for_o to_o our_o understanding_n you_o be_v as_o much_o against_o the_o law_n as_o we_o be_v
ancestor_n to_o who_o we_o give_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o second_o honour_n next_o to_o the_o god_n as_o celsus_n call_v those_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o due_a honour_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o low_a daemon_n 414._o which_o he_o contend_v aught_o to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o from_o which_o we_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o heathen_n do_v not_o confound_v all_o degree_n of_o divine_a worship_n give_v to_o the_o low_a object_n the_o same_o which_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v due_a to_o the_o celestial_a deity_n or_o the_o supreme_a god_n so_o that_o if_o the_o distinction_n of_o divine_a worship_n will_v excuse_v from_o idolatry_n the_o heathen_n be_v not_o to_o blame_v for_o it_o 2._o if_o this_o pretence_n do_v excuse_v from_o idolatry_n the_o carpocratian_a heretic_n be_v unjust_o charge_v by_o irenaeus_n epiphanius_n and_o s._n augustin_n 7._o for_o they_o be_v say_v to_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n together_o with_o the_o philosopher_n pythagoras_n plato_n and_o aristotle_n wherein_o lie_v the_o fault_n of_o these_o heretic_n be_v it_o only_o in_o join_v the_o philosopher_n together_o with_o christ_n if_o that_o have_v be_v all_o it_o have_v be_v easy_a to_o have_v say_v that_o they_o worship_v the_o philosopher_n together_o with_o christ_n but_o they_o take_v particular_a notice_n of_o it_o as_o a_o thing_n unusual_a and_o blame-worthy_a that_o they_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n which_o they_o pretend_v to_o have_v have_v from_o pilate_n which_o have_v be_v no_o wonder_n if_o there_o have_v be_v as_o many_o image_n of_o christ_n then_o extant_a as_o fevardentius_n pretend_v viz._n the_o image_n of_o christ_n take_v by_o nicodemus_n not_o i_o suppose_v when_o he_o come_v by_o night_n to_o our_o saviour_n that_o at_o edessa_n beside_o those_o which_o s._n luke_n draw_v of_o he_o if_o there_o have_v be_v so_o many_o image_n abroad_o of_o he_o in_o veneration_n among_o christian_n why_o shall_v this_o be_v pitch_v upon_o as_o a_o peculiar_a thing_n of_o these_o gnostic_n that_o they_o have_v some_o image_n paint_v other_o make_v of_o other_o matter_n which_o they_o crown_v and_o set_v forth_o or_o worship_v as_o the_o heathen_n do_v among_o which_o be_v a_o image_n of_o christ_n as_o irenaeus_n report_v it_o and_o suppose_v they_o have_v worship_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n as_o the_o gentile_n do_v worship_v their_o image_n wherein_o be_v they_o to_o blame_v if_o the_o honour_n give_v to_o the_o image_n be_v not_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o image_n but_o of_o that_o which_o be_v represent_v by_o it_o and_o since_o christ_n deserve_v our_o high_a worship_n on_o this_o pretence_n they_o deserve_v no_o blame_n at_o all_o in_o give_v divine_a worship_n of_o the_o high_a degree_n to_o the_o image_n of_o christ._n 3._o the_o primitive_a christian_n do_v utter_o refuse_v to_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o emperor_n although_o they_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v god_n creature_n therefore_o i_o say_v according_a to_o their_o sense_n acknowledge_v the_o saint_n to_o be_v god_n creature_n be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a ground_n to_o excuse_v the_o worship_n of_o the_o image_n of_o saint_n from_o idolatry_n as_o in_o pliny_n epistle_n to_o trajan_n mention_v before_o one_o of_o the_o trial_n of_o christian_n be_v whether_o they_o will_v imagini_fw-la tuus_fw-la sure_fw-mi ac_fw-la vino_fw-la supplicare_fw-la use_v the_o religious_a rite_n that_o be_v then_o customary_a of_o incense_n libation_n and_o supplication_n before_o the_o emperor_n image_n this_o minucius_n call_v ad_fw-la imagine_v supplicare_fw-la to_o pray_v before_o their_o image_n which_o pliny_n say_v no_o true_a christian_n can_v ever_o be_v bring_v to_o but_o will_v rather_o suffer_v martyrdom_n than_o do_v it_o s._n hierome_n speak_v of_o nebuchadnezar_n image_n say_v daniel_n statuam_fw-la seu_fw-la imaginem_fw-la cultores_fw-la dei_fw-la adorare_fw-la non_fw-la debent_fw-la the_o worshipper_n of_o god_n ought_v not_o to_o worship_v a_o image_n let_v say_v he_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n take_v notice_n of_o this_o that_o worship_v the_o emperor_n statue_n that_o they_o do_v that_o which_o the_o three_o child_n please_v god_n by_o not_o do_v by_o which_o we_o see_v it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o statue_n of_o heathen_a emperor_n which_o the_o christian_n refuse_v to_o give_v religious_a worship_n to_o but_o of_o the_o most_o pious_a and_o christian_n which_o out_o of_o the_o flattery_n of_o prince_n those_o who_o expect_v or_o receive_v honour_n be_v willing_a to_o continue_v under_o christian_a emperor_n but_o it_o be_v at_o last_o absolute_o forbid_v by_o a_o constitution_n of_o theodosius_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v already_o in_o the_o discourse_n about_o the_o nature_n of_o divine_a worship_n but_o upon_o what_o reason_n come_v this_o to_o be_v account_v unlawful_a among_o christian_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o saint_n suppose_v they_o to_o be_v god_n creature_n be_v it_o possible_a they_o shall_v think_v the_o emperor_n to_o be_v otherwise_o i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o soldier_n who_o be_v trepan_v by_o julian_n to_o offer_v incense_n to_o his_o image_n at_o the_o receive_v the_o donative_n and_o after_o they_o understand_v what_o they_o do_v be_v ready_a to_o run_v mad_a with_o indignation_n at_o themselves_o cry_v out_o in_o the_o street_n we_o be_v christian_n and_o run_v to_o the_o emperor_n desire_v they_o may_v suffer_v martyrdom_n for_o the_o christian_a faith_n which_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o deny_v by_o that_o act_n of_o they_o as_o gregory_n nazianzen_n and_o theodoret_n relate_v the_o story_n do_v imagine_v that_o julian_n be_v any_o other_o than_o one_o of_o god_n creature_n 17._o or_o that_o they_o have_v any_o belief_n of_o his_o be_v a_o god_n but_o the_o christian_n look_v on_o the_o act_n itself_o of_o offer_v incense_n as_o unlawful_a to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o image_n of_o any_o creature_n or_o to_o the_o image_n itself_o because_o it_o be_v a_o creature_n and_o that_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n viz._n the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n 4._o it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o any_o of_o god_n creature_n to_o be_v worship_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o saint_n if_o any_o worship_n be_v give_v to_o they_o which_o be_v above_o the_o rank_n of_o creature_n i._n e._n any_o of_o that_o worship_n which_o belong_v to_o god_n for_o none_o can_v have_v great_a confidence_n of_o the_o saintship_n of_o any_o person_n who_o image_n they_o worship_v those_o except_v which_o be_v reveal_v in_o scripture_n than_o many_o of_o the_o heathen_n have_v of_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o deity_n which_o they_o worship_v and_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o method_n which_o origen_n s._n cyril_n s._n augustin_n and_o other_o christian_a writer_n take_v to_o prove_v they_o to_o be_v evil_a spirit_n which_o they_o worship_v we_o shall_v find_v the_o great_a argument_n be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o worship_n give_v to_o they_o for_o say_v they_o we_o find_v in_o scripture_n that_o good_a angel_n have_v refuse_v that_o worship_n which_o they_o seem_v so_o desirous_a of_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v just_a reason_n to_o suspect_v that_o these_o be_v not_o good_a angel_n although_o they_o firm_o believe_v they_o to_o be_v so_o and_o hierocles_n say_v carm._n god_n forbid_v we_o shall_v worship_v any_o other_o and_o the_o heathen_n in_o s._n augustin_n 96._o say_v peremptory_o they_o do_v not_o worship_v devil_n but_o angel_n and_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o great_a god_n so_o say_v i_o as_o to_o those_o who_o be_v worship_v under_o the_o name_n of_o saint_n or_o angel_n if_o in_o or_o at_o their_o image_n such_o thing_n be_v speak_v or_o do_v which_o tend_v to_o the_o encourage_v that_o worship_n which_o the_o primitive_a christian_n refuse_v as_o idolatry_n there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n still_o to_o suspect_v those_o be_v not_o good_a but_o evil_a spirit_n under_o who_o name_n or_o representation_n soever_o they_o appear_v for_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o they_o to_o play_v the_o same_o trick_n among_o christian_n which_o they_o do_v among_o heathen_n for_o than_o they_o pretend_v to_o be_v good_a spirit_n and_o why_o may_v they_o not_o do_v the_o same_o still_o if_o we_o have_v a_o full_a discovery_n of_o their_o design_n to_o impose_v upon_o the_o world_n the_o folly_n of_o man_n be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a to_o be_v abuse_v by_o they_o and_o the_o gentile_n be_v in_o that_o respect_n far_o more_o excusable_a than_o christian_n because_o god_n have_v not_o discover_v the_o cheat_n and_o artifices_fw-la of_o evil_a spirit_n to_o they_o so_o as_o he_o have_v do_v to_o we_o by_o the_o christian_a religion_n whatever_o pretence_n of_o miracle_n or_o vision_n or_o appearance_n there_o be_v if_o the_o design_n of_o they_o be_v to_o advance_v a_o way_n of_o
a_o book_n no_o one_o suspect_v that_o his_o praise_n be_v therefore_o direct_v to_o his_o book_n thus_o it_o be_v in_o the_o act_n of_o worship_n the_o object_n be_v that_o be_v to_o which_o the_o worship_n be_v direct_v but_o because_o external_a act_n must_v have_v some_o local_a circumstance_n by_o the_o position_n of_o our_o countenance_n and_o the_o tendency_n of_o our_o posture_n either_o towards_o heaven_n or_o towards_o some_o place_n as_o the_o more_o immediate_a symbol_n of_o a_o divine_a presence_n the_o difference_n be_v apparent_a between_o such_o a_o direction_n of_o the_o act_n towards_o a_o place_n and_o the_o direction_n of_o it_o towards_o a_o object_n in_o case_n it_o can_v be_v make_v appear_v that_o may_v be_v a_o place_n of_o worship_n which_o be_v not_o a_o object_n of_o it_o for_o which_o we_o must_v consider_v 1._o that_o the_o object_n of_o worship_n be_v that_o to_o which_o the_o worship_n be_v give_v either_o for_o its_o own_o sake_n or_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o that_o which_o it_o represent_v but_o a_o local_a circumstance_n do_v only_o circumscribe_v the_o material_a act_n of_o worship_n within_o certain_a bound_n and_o the_o proper_a object_n of_o worship_n be_v a_o person_n either_o real_o present_a or_o represent_v as_o present_v the_o idolater_n who_o worship_v their_o image_n as_o god_n if_o at_o least_o any_o considerable_a number_n of_o they_o ever_o do_v so_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o they_o suppose_v some_o spirit_n to_o be_v incorporate_v in_o the_o image_n and_o so_o to_o make_v together_o with_o it_o a_o person_n fit_a to_o receive_v worship_n those_o who_o worship_v the_o element_n or_o heavenly_a body_n do_v it_o not_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o matter_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v but_o of_o those_o spirit_n which_o they_o believe_v to_o rule_v over_o those_o thing_n they_o worship_v as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v in_o the_o general_a discourse_n but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o order_n to_o a_o object_n of_o worship_n that_o the_o person_n be_v real_o present_a for_o if_o man_n by_o imagination_n do_v suppose_v he_o present_a as_o represent_v by_o a_o image_n that_o make_v those_o who_o worship_n that_o image_n perform_v the_o very_a same_o act_n as_o if_o he_o be_v actual_o present_a and_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n they_o do_v make_v this_o representation_n by_o a_o image_n a_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o make_v that_o a_o object_n of_o worship_n which_o we_o say_v be_v the_o very_a thing_n forbid_v in_o the_o second_o commandment_n viz._n that_o any_o image_n shall_v be_v worship_v on_o the_o account_n of_o what_o it_o represent_v and_o therefore_o it_o forbid_v all_o kind_n of_o representation_n to_o be_v worship_v by_o man_n because_o a_o image_n seem_v to_o have_v such_o a_o relation_n to_o the_o thing_n it_o represent_v that_o they_o may_v pretend_v they_o give_v worship_n to_o it_o on_o another_o account_n than_o mere_o its_o matter_n and_o form_n viz._n the_o thing_n represent_v by_o it_o thus_o when_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o exemplar_n as_o it_o be_v both_o in_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a and_o trent_n they_o thereby_o show_v that_o they_o do_v make_v the_o image_n a_o true_a object_n of_o worship_n although_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o person_n represent_v but_o suppose_v man_n worship_n god_n towards_o the_o west_n as_o the_o jew_n do_v or_o towards_o the_o east_n as_o the_o christian_n do_v what_o be_v there_o in_o this_o that_o do_v represent_v god_n to_o we_o what_o be_v there_o that_o we_o fix_v our_o worship_n upon_o but_o only_o himself_o god_n have_v no_o where_o forbid_v man_n to_o worship_v he_o towards_o the_o place_n of_o his_o presence_n for_o even_o our_o saviour_n have_v bid_v we_o pray_v our_o father_n which_o be_v in_o heaven_n and_o suppose_v god_n have_v promise_v a_o more_o peculiar_a presence_n in_o his_o holy_a temple_n it_o be_v as_o lawful_a to_o worship_n god_n towards_o that_o as_o towards_o heaven_n but_o that_o which_o god_n have_v strict_o forbid_v be_v the_o worship_v of_o any_o thing_n on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o representation_n either_o of_o himself_o or_o of_o his_o creature_n for_o this_o do_v suppose_v that_o image_n to_o be_v make_v the_o object_n of_o worship_n although_o it_o be_v on_o the_o account_n of_o what_o it_o represent_v 2._o suppose_v the_o same_o external_a act_n to_o be_v perform_v towards_o a_o image_n and_o towards_o a_o place_n of_o god_n particular_a presence_n yet_o the_o case_n be_v not_o alike_o in_o both_o these_o if_o those_o who_o do_v they_o declare_v they_o do_v they_o not_o with_o a_o design_n to_o worship_v that_o place_n for_o to_o the_o make_v any_o thing_n a_o object_n of_o worship_n there_o must_v be_v some_o ground_n to_o believe_v that_o they_o intend_v to_o worship_v it_o either_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o action_n or_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n they_o live_v in_o but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v express_o declare_v that_o what_o they_o do_v be_v only_o intend_v as_o a_o local_a circumstance_n there_o be_v no_o ground_n to_o charge_v they_o with_o make_v it_o a_o object_n of_o worship_n thus_o those_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o declare_v that_o they_o do_v not_o worship_v the_o image_n but_o only_a worship_n god_n before_o a_o image_n although_o they_o perform_v the_o same_o external_a act_n of_o worship_n yet_o be_v condemed_a of_o heresy_n because_o hereby_o they_o declare_v they_o do_v not_o give_v worship_n to_o image_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o their_o council_n much_o more_o certain_o will_v those_o be_v condemn_v by_o they_o who_o declare_v it_o unlawful_a to_o worship_v any_o thing_n on_o the_o account_n of_o representation_n and_o that_o they_o do_v only_o determine_v the_o act_n of_o outward_a worship_n towards_o a_o particular_a place_n without_o any_o intention_n to_o worship_v that_o place_n but_o only_o to_o worship_n god_n that_o way_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o jew_n as_o to_o the_o worship_v of_o image_n and_o of_o god_n towards_o the_o holy_a of_o holies_n they_o declare_v it_o utter_o unlawful_a to_o do_v one_o because_o god_n have_v strict_o forbid_v it_o and_o they_o though_o it_o as_o lawful_a to_o do_v the_o other_o because_o he_o allow_v the_o practice_n of_o it_o and_o it_o be_v sufficient_o know_v among_o the_o people_n of_o the_o jew_n that_o they_o have_v no_o intention_n to_o worship_v either_o the_o ark_n or_o the_o cherubim_n 3._o where_o there_o be_v only_o a_o local_a circumstance_n of_o worship_n the_o same_o thing_n will_v be_v worship_v suppose_v that_o circumstance_n change_v but_o where_o any_o thing_n be_v a_o object_n of_o worship_n that_o be_v change_v the_o same_o thing_n be_v not_o worship_v this_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o easy_a and_o intelligible_a by_o all_o if_o a_o jew_n shall_v worship_v towards_o the_o east_n or_o christian_n towards_o the_o west_n the_o same_o object_n of_o their_o worship_n continue_v still_o for_o they_o worship_v the_o same_o god_n both_o way_n but_o if_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n or_o the_o b._n virgin_n be_v take_v away_o from_o the_o altar_n a_o papist_n can_v be_v say_v to_o worship_v the_o same_o thing_n there_o that_o he_o do_v before_o which_o plain_o show_v that_o there_o be_v a_o real_a difference_n between_o these_o two_o which_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n to_o clear_v the_o jewish_a worship_n of_o god_n towards_o his_o holy_a place_n and_o to_o show_v how_o different_a it_o be_v from_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n 8._o 2._o but_o t._n g._n pretend_v to_o bring_v clear_a scripture_n for_o the_o jew_n worship_v the_o ark_n adore_v you_o the_o footstool_n of_o god_n for_o it_o be_v holy_a psal._n 98.5_o so_o all_o the_o ancient_a father_n 206._o he_o say_v read_v it_o without_o scruple_n and_o s._n hierome_n he_o say_v confirm_v it_o and_o why_o be_v it_o place_v in_o the_o holy_a of_o holies_n and_o why_o be_v the_o people_n command_v to_o adore_v or_o bow_v down_o before_o it_o but_o to_o testify_v their_o reverence_n to_o it_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v 1._o one_o may_v venture_v odds_o against_o t._n g._n that_o when_o he_o quote_v all_o the_o father_n for_o he_o he_o have_v very_o few_o of_o his_o side_n nothing_o less_o will_v content_v he_o here_o than_o all_o the_o father_n read_v it_o without_o scruple_n for_o it_o be_v holy_a when_o lorinus_n say_v 99.5_o that_o all_o the_o greek_a father_n not_o one_o dissent_v that_o he_o have_v see_v read_v it_o for_o he_o be_v holy_a and_o among_o the_o latin_n he_o confess_v that_o s._n hierome_n and_o s._n augustine_n both_o read_v it_o so_o for_o
imprimatur_fw-la g._n jane_n r._n p._n d._n henr._n episc._n lond._n à _fw-la sac_fw-la domesticis_fw-la june_n 3._o 1676._o a_o defence_n of_o the_o discourse_n concern_v the_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o answer_n to_o a_o book_n entitle_v catholic_n no_o idolater_n by_o ed._n stillingfleet_n d._n d._n chaplain_n in_o ordinary_a to_o his_o majesty_n the_o two_o first_o part_n london_n print_v by_o robert_n white_a for_o henry_n mortlock_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o phoenix_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n and_o at_o the_o white-hart_n in_o westminster-hall_n 1676._o to_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n henry_n lord_n bishop_n of_o london_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n my_o lord_n i_o have_v hear_v that_o in_o some_o famous_a prophetic_a picture_n pretend_v to_o represent_v the_o fate_n of_o england_n the_o chief_a thing_n observable_a in_o several_a of_o they_o be_v a_o mole_n a_o creature_n blind_a and_o busy_a smooth_a and_o deceitful_a continual_o work_v under_o ground_n but_o now_o and_o then_o to_o be_v discern_v by_o the_o disturbance_n it_o make_v in_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v so_o natural_a a_o description_n of_o a_o restless_a party_n among_o we_o that_o we_o need_v no_o judge_n of_o controversy_n to_o interpret_v the_o meaning_n of_o it_o our_o forefather_n have_v sufficient_a testimony_n of_o their_o work_n under_o ground_n but_o in_o our_o age_n they_o act_v more_o visible_o and_o with_o that_o indefatigable_a industry_n that_o they_o threaten_v without_o great_a care_n to_o prevent_v they_o the_o undermine_v of_o our_o church_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o our_o establish_a religion_n which_o since_o they_o can_v hope_v so_o easy_o to_o compass_v alone_o they_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v in_o to_o their_o assistance_n all_o such_o discontent_a party_n who_o be_v so_o weak_a if_o any_o can_v be_v so_o to_o be_v prevail_v on_o to_o be_v instrument_n to_o serve_v they_o in_o pull_v down_o a_o church_n which_o can_v never_o fall_v but_o they_o must_v be_v stifle_v in_o its_o ruin_n one_o will_v think_v it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a for_o any_o to_o run_v into_o a_o snare_n which_o lie_v so_o open_a to_o their_o view_n or_o to_o flatter_v themselves_o with_o the_o vain_a hope_n of_o escape_v better_a than_o the_o church_n they_o design_v to_o destroy_v but_o such_o be_v the_o admirable_a wisdom_n of_o divine_a providence_n to_o order_n thing_n so_o above_o all_o humane_a discretion_n that_o when_o the_o sin_n of_o a_o nation_n have_v provoke_v god_n to_o forsake_v it_o he_o suffer_v those_o to_o concur_v in_o the_o most_o pernicious_a counsel_n for_o enslave_v conscience_n who_o pretend_v to_o the_o great_a zeal_n for_o the_o liberty_n of_o it_o so_o that_o our_o church_n of_o england_n in_o its_o present_a condition_n seem_v to_o stand_v as_o the_o church_n of_o corinth_n do_v of_o old_a between_o two_o unquiet_a and_o boisterous_a sea_n and_o there_o be_v some_o very_a busy_a in_o cut_v through_o the_o isthmus_n between_o they_o to_o let_v in_o both_o at_o once_o upon_o it_o suppose_v that_o no_o strength_n will_v be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o so_o terrible_a a_o inundation_n it_o be_v a_o consideration_n that_o may_v dishearten_v those_o who_o be_v engage_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o religion_n against_o the_o common_a adversary_n to_o see_v that_o they_o promise_v themselves_o as_o much_o from_o the_o folly_n of_o some_o of_o their_o most_o seem_a enemy_n as_o from_o the_o interest_n and_o power_n of_o their_o friend_n 7.5_o thus_o like_o s._n paul_n in_o macedonia_n we_o be_v trouble_v on_o every_o side_n without_o be_v fight_n and_o within_o be_v fear_n if_o man_n do_v but_o once_o understand_v the_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o our_o peace_n we_o may_v yet_o hope_v to_o weather_n out_o the_o storm_n that_o threaten_v we_o and_o to_o live_v as_o the_o church_n have_v frequent_o do_v in_o a_o toss_a condition_n with_o wave_n beat_v on_o every_o side_n but_o if_o through_o weakness_n or_o wilfulness_n those_o thing_n shall_v be_v hide_v from_o our_o eye_n the_o prospect_n of_o our_o future_a condition_n be_v much_o more_o dreadful_a and_o amaze_a than_o the_o present_a can_v be_v if_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o hope_v that_o all_o man_n will_v lay_v aside_o prejudice_n and_o passion_n and_o have_v great_a regard_n to_o the_o common_a good_a than_o to_o the_o interest_n of_o their_o several_a party_n they_o can_v not_o but_o see_v where_o our_o main_a strength_n lie_v by_o what_o our_o enemy_n be_v most_o concern_v to_o destroy_v and_o that_o no_o man_n of_o common_a understanding_n will_v make_v use_n of_o disunit_a party_n to_o destroy_v one_o great_a body_n unless_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o master_v they_o when_o they_o have_v do_v with_o they_o and_o therefore_o the_o best_a way_n for_o their_o own_o security_n be_v to_o unite_v themselves_o with_o the_o church_n of_o england_n that_o be_v a_o blessing_n too_o great_a for_o such_o a_o people_n to_o expect_v who_o sin_n have_v make_v our_o breach_n so_o wide_o that_o we_o have_v too_o great_a reason_n to_o fear_v the_o common_a enemy_n may_v enter_v through_o they_o if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o way_n find_v out_o to_o repair_v those_o breach_n and_o to_o build_v up_o the_o place_n which_o be_v break_v down_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o can_v see_v how_o those_o who_o can_v have_v join_v in_o communion_n with_o the_o christian_a church_n in_o the_o time_n of_o theodosius_n the_o great_a can_v just_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o in_o we_o for_o that_o be_v the_o age_n of_o the_o church_n which_o our_o church_n of_o england_n since_o the_o reformation_n come_v the_o near_a to_o idolatry_n be_v then_o suppress_v by_o the_o imperial_a edict_n the_o church_n settle_v by_o law_n under_o the_o government_n of_o bishop_n public_a liturgy_n appoint_v antiquity_n reverence_v schism_n discountenance_v learn_v encourage_v and_o some_o few_o ceremony_n use_v but_o without_o any_o of_o those_o corrupt_a mixture_n which_o afterward_o prevail_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o whatever_o man_n of_o ill_a mind_n may_v suggest_v to_o the_o disparagement_n of_o those_o time_n it_o be_v real_o a_o honour_n to_o our_o church_n to_o suffer_v together_o with_o that_o age_n when_o the_o christian_a church_n begin_v to_o be_v firm_o settle_v by_o the_o countenance_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o do_v enjoy_v its_o primitive_a purity_n without_o the_o poverty_n and_o hardship_n it_o endure_v before_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o that_o time_n be_v man_n of_o that_o exemplary_a piety_n of_o those_o great_a ability_n of_o that_o excellent_a conduct_n and_o magnanimity_n as_o set_v they_o above_o the_o contempt_n or_o reproach_n of_o any_o but_o infidel_n and_o apostate_n for_o than_o live_v the_o gregory_n the_o basil_n the_o chrysostoms_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n the_o ambrose_n and_o augustins_n in_o the_o western_a and_o they_o who_o can_v suspect_v these_o to_o have_v be_v enemy_n to_o the_o power_n of_o godliness_n do_v never_o understand_v what_o it_o mean_v it_o be_v no_o doubt_n the_o most_o desirable_a thing_n in_o our_o state_n and_o condition_n to_o see_v the_o piety_n the_o zeal_n the_o courage_n the_o wisdom_n of_o those_o holy_a bishop_n revive_v among_o we_o in_o such_o a_o age_n which_o need_v the_o conjunction_n of_o all_o these_o together_o for_o such_o be_v the_o insolency_n and_o number_n of_o the_o open_a contemner_n of_o our_o church_n and_o religion_n such_o be_v the_o activity_n of_o those_o who_o oppose_v it_o and_o the_o subtlety_n of_o those_o who_o undermine_v it_o as_o require_v all_o the_o devotion_n and_o ability_n of_o those_o great_a person_n to_o defend_v it_o and_o i_o hope_v that_o divine_a spirit_n which_o inflame_v and_o act_v they_o have_v not_o forsake_v that_o sacred_a order_n among_o we_o but_o that_o it_o will_v daily_o raise_v up_o more_o who_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o convince_v dissenter_n that_o there_o may_v be_v true_a and_o hearty_a zeal_n for_o religion_n among_o our_o prelate_n and_o those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o good_a work_n be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o reformation_n nay_o even_o in_o this_o age_n as_o bad_a as_o it_o be_v there_o may_v be_v as_o great_a instance_n produce_v of_o real_a charity_n and_o of_o work_n of_o public_a and_o pious_a use_n as_o when_o man_n think_v to_o get_v soul_n out_o of_o purgatory_n or_o themselves_o into_o heaven_n by_o what_o they_o do_v and_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a exact_o to_o compare_v all_o act_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o have_v be_v do_v ever_o since_o the_o reformation_n with_o what_o there_o be_v do_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n for_o a_o much_o long_a time_n immediate_o before_o
meet_v with_o either_o ancient_a or_o modern_a when_o i_o have_v do_v this_o i_o compare_v those_o observation_n i_o have_v make_v with_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o several_a age_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n who_o have_v manage_v the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n against_o heathen_n or_o heretic_n from_o hence_o i_o frame_v the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o follow_a book_n wherein_o i_o have_v not_o only_o examine_v and_o confute_v t._n g.'s_n false_a notion_n of_o it_o but_o endeavour_v to_o settle_v the_o true_a one_o in_o its_o place_n which_o be_v dispatch_v and_o the_o main_a principle_n of_o his_o whole_a book_n thereby_o weaken_v and_o overthrow_v i_o betake_v myself_o to_o the_o particular_a defence_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o i_o apprehend_v nothing_o of_o great_a consequence_n in_o this_o debate_n than_o to_o give_v a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n between_o we_o which_o t._n g_o endeavour_v with_o all_o his_o art_n to_o blind_v and_o confound_v after_o which_o i_o have_v give_v a_o distinct_a answer_n to_o every_o thing_n material_a or_o plausible_a in_o that_o part_n of_o his_o book_n which_o swell_v this_o discourse_n beyond_o my_o expectation_n i_o must_v respite_v the_o other_o part_n to_o a_o far_a opportunity_n which_o i_o may_v the_o better_a do_v because_o the_o remainder_n of_o t._n g_n book_n have_v already_o receive_v a_o sufficient_a answer_n from_o a_o learned_a and_o worthy_a person_n the_o content_n part_n i._n a_o general_n discourse_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n chap._n i._n t._n g's_o notion_n of_o idolatry_n examine_v and_o confute_v page_n 1_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o divine_a worship_n p._n 184_o part_n ii_o be_v a_o particular_a defence_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n against_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n chap._n i._n the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n between_o christian_n and_o heathen_n p._n 349_o chap._n ii_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n about_o image_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n p._n 487_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o second_o commandment_n p._n 670_o chap._n iu_o a_o answer_n to_o t._n g_o be_v charge_n of_o contradiction_n paradox_n reproach_v of_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a school_n dispute_v and_o to_o his_o parallel_a instance_n p._n 784_o part_n i._o a_o general_n discourse_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n chap._n i._o t._n g's_o notion_n of_o idolatry_n examine_v and_o confute_v to_o make_v good_a the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n against_o the_o roman_a church_n 1._o which_o be_v my_o present_a business_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n necessary_a to_o be_v do_v 1._o to_o lay_v down_o the_o right_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n 2._o to_o examine_v what_o t._n g._n and_o other_o have_v say_v to_o justify_v themselves_o from_o the_o particular_n of_o this_o charge_n i_o begin_v with_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n not_o only_o because_o my_o adversary_n call_v i_o to_o it_o in_o these_o word_n 203._o here_o the_o axe_n be_v lay_v to_o the_o root_n and_o if_o ever_o the_o dr._n will_v speak_v home_o to_o the_o purpose_n it_o must_v be_v upon_o this_o point_n he_o must_v speak_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n etc._n etc._n but_o because_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n in_o debate_n depend_v upon_o it_o and_o whosoever_o read_v through_o t._n g_o be_v answer_v to_o i_o will_v find_v the_o only_a strength_n of_o it_o to_o lie_v in_o a_o very_a different_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n which_o he_o set_v up_o which_o if_o it_o prove_v true_a the_o main_a of_o my_o charge_n must_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n although_o however_o by_o his_o way_n of_o writing_n he_o can_v hardly_o answer_v the_o character_n i_o have_v give_v he_o either_o of_o a_o learned_a or_o ingenuous_a adversary_n the_o notion_n of_o idolatry_n which_o t._n g._n lay_v down_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o these_o assertion_n of_o he_o 64._o that_o god_n be_v the_o only_a supreme_a and_o superexcellent_a be_v above_o all_o and_o over_o all_o to_o he_o therefore_o sovereign_a honour_n be_v only_o to_o be_v give_v and_o to_o none_o beside_o he_o that_o as_o no_o command_n of_o god_n can_v make_v that_o to_o be_v not_o idolatry_n which_o be_v so_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o no_o prohibition_n if_o there_o be_v any_o can_v make_v that_o to_o be_v idolatry_n which_o have_v not_o in_o it_o the_o true_a and_o real_a nature_n of_o idolatry_n that_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n forbid_v in_o the_o commandment_n 203._o be_v the_o worship_a image_n instead_o of_o god_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o people_n in_o their_o duty_n of_o give_v sovereign_a worship_n to_o god_n alone_o 39_o by_o restrain_v they_o from_o idolatry_n 63._o that_o this_o law_n be_v make_v particular_o to_o forbid_v sovereign_a worship_n to_o be_v give_v as_o he_o say_v it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n give_v by_o the_o heathen_a to_o grave_v image_n 67._o i._n e._n representation_n of_o imaginary_a being_n or_o to_o any_o similitude_n i._n e._n the_o likeness_n of_o any_o thing_n which_o although_o it_o have_v a_o real_a be_v yet_o be_v not_o god_n that_o 99_o the_o image-worship_n condemn_v by_o s._n paul_n be_v the_o worship_a image_n for_o god_n or_o as_o the_o image_n of_o false_a god_n that_o 103._o evil_a spirit_n or_o false_a god_n do_v reside_v in_o their_o image_n by_o magical_a incantation_n 349._o that_o the_o supreme_a god_n of_o the_o heathen_n be_v not_o the_o true_a god_n but_o a_o devil_n and_o that_o the_o poet_n who_o call_v he_o the_o father_n of_o god_n and_o man_n 348._o be_v those_o who_o horace_n confess_v that_o they_o take_v the_o privilege_n to_o dare_v to_o feign_v and_o say_v thing_n from_o these_o assertion_n it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o form_v t._n g_o be_v notion_n of_o idolatry_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v the_o giving_z the_o sovereign_a worship_n of_o god_n to_o a_o creature_n and_o among_o the_o heathen_n to_o the_o devil_n and_o now_o who_o dare_v charge_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n with_o idolatry_n i_o do_v not_o wonder_v that_o he_o call_v this_o so_o foul_a so_o extravagant_a so_o unjust_a a_o charge_n and_o parallel_v i_o with_o no_o mean_a a_o person_n than_o julian_n the_o apostate_n say_v that_o sure_o a_o more_o injurious_a calumny_n scarce_o ever_o drop_v from_o the_o pen_n of_o the_o great_a enemy_n of_o christianity_n 350._o except_o that_o of_o julian_n the_o apostate_n but_o i_o be_o so_o use_v to_o their_o hard_a word_n that_o i_o can_v easy_o pass_v they_o over_o and_o immediate_o apply_v myself_o to_o the_o debate_n of_o these_o thing_n which_o will_v tend_v very_o much_o to_o the_o clear_v the_o true_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n 1._o whether_o idolatry_n be_v not_o consistent_a with_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o one_o supreme_a be_v 2._o wherein_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o divine_a worship_n lie_v which_o be_v give_v to_o a_o creature_n make_v it_o idolatry_n for_o if_o those_o who_o acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a be_v the_o creator_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o world_n be_v notwithstanding_o this_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n and_o that_o idolatry_n be_v as_o t._n g._n confess_v 27._o the_o give_v the_o worship_n due_a to_o god_n to_o a_o creature_n then_o if_o we_o can_v prove_v that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v give_v any_o part_n of_o that_o worship_n which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n to_o any_o thing_n beside_o he_o we_o may_v still_o just_o charge_v they_o with_o idolatry_n although_o they_o believe_v one_o supreme_a god_n and_o reserve_v some_o worship_n which_o he_o call_v sovereign_a to_o he_o 1._o whether_o idolatry_n be_v not_o consistent_a with_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o one_o supreme_a be_v creator_n 2._o and_o governor_n of_o the_o world_n who_o i_o suppose_v t._n g._n will_v not_o deny_v to_o be_v the_o true_a god_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o he_o that_o the_o whole_a heathen_a world_n be_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n without_o except_v the_o more_o intelligent_a and_o wise_a person_n among_o they_o therefore_o our_o only_a business_n as_o to_o they_o be_v to_o inquire_v whether_o they_o do_v acknowledge_v this_o supreme_a be_v and_o it_o be_v without_o dispute_n that_o all_o christian_n do_v acknowledge_v the_o true_a god_n if_o i_o can_v then_o prove_v that_o such_o have_v notwithstanding_o be_v charge_v with_o idolatry_n by_o those_o who_o judgement_n t._n g._n dare_v not_o refuse_v i_o hope_v these_o two_o thing_n be_v make_v out_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o those_o may_v be_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n
godhead_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v by_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v make_v so_o as_o to_o leave_v they_o without_o excuse_n 20._o be_v this_o their_o know_v of_o god_n 21._o and_o that_o incorruptible_a god_n who_o glory_n they_o turn_v into_o the_o image_n of_o a_o corruptible_a man_n &_o c_o be_v all_o this_o 23._o nothing_o but_o jupiter_n of_o crete_n and_o the_o arch-devil_n under_o his_o name_n but_o what_o will_v not_o man_n say_v rather_o than_o confess_v themselves_o idolater_n although_o these_o testimony_n of_o scriture_n be_v never_o so_o evident_a 3._o yet_o i_o be_o not_o sure_a but_o t._n g._n may_v be_v the_o polus_n mention_v in_o erasmus_n now_o who_o he_o mention_n for_o my_o sake_n 37.203_o more_o than_o once_o and_o may_v espy_v a_o red_a fiery_a dragon_n even_o the_o old_a serpent_n there_o where_o i_o can_v see_v nothing_o but_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o true_a god_n therefore_o suppose_v that_o the_o testimony_n of_o heathen_n or_o the_o scripture_n may_v not_o weigh_v much_o with_o he_o methinks_v he_o may_v have_v consider_v what_o the_o learned_a man_n of_o their_o own_o church_n have_v say_v to_o this_o purpose_n th._n aquinas_n confess_v fin_n that_o the_o most_o of_o the_o gentile_n do_v acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a god_n from_o who_o they_o say_v all_o those_o other_o who_o they_o call_v god_n do_v receive_v their_o be_v and_o that_o they_o ascribe_v the_o name_n of_o divinity_n to_o all_o immortal_a substance_n chief_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o wisdom_n happiness_n and_o government_n which_o custom_n of_o speak_v say_v he_o be_v likewise_o find_v in_o scripture_n where_o either_o the_o holy_a angel_n or_o man_n and_o judge_n be_v call_v god_n i_o have_v say_v you_o be_v god_n and_o many_o other_o place_n franciscus_n ferrariensis_n in_o his_o commentary_n on_o that_o place_n say_v that_o aquinas_n his_o meaning_n be_v that_o the_o scripture_n only_o agree_v with_o the_o heathen_n as_o to_o the_o name_n but_o that_o they_o call_v their_o god_n proper_o so_o whereas_o the_o scripture_n speak_v of_o they_o only_o by_o way_n of_o participation_n and_o do_v aquinas_n mean_v any_o otherwise_o of_o the_o heathen_n when_o he_o say_v that_o all_o their_o inferior_a god_n derive_v their_o very_a be_v from_o the_o supreme_a the_o same_o aquinas_n in_o his_o book_n purposely_o write_v against_o the_o gentile_n 120._o give_v this_o account_n of_o their_o principle_n of_o religion_n that_o some_o of_o they_o hold_v one_o god_n the_o first_o and_o universal_a principle_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o withal_o all_o they_o give_v divine_a worship_n latriam_fw-la next_o to_o the_o supreme_a god_n to_o intellectual_a substance_n of_o a_o heavenly_a nature_n which_o they_o call_v god_n whether_o they_o be_v substance_n separate_v from_o body_n or_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o heavenly_a orb_n and_o star_n in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o intellectual_a substance_n unite_v to_o aerial_a body_n which_o they_o call_v daemon_n who_o they_o make_v god_n in_o respect_n of_o man_n and_o think_v they_o deserve_v divine_a worship_n from_o man_n as_o be_v mediator_n between_o the_o god_n and_o they_o and_o in_o the_o last_o place_n to_o the_o soul_n of_o good_a man_n as_o be_v raise_v to_o a_o high_a state_n than_o that_o of_o this_o present_a life_n other_o of_o they_o supposs_v god_n to_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n do_v believe_v that_o divine_a worship_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o the_o several_a part_n of_o it_o not_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o body_n but_o the_o soul_n which_o they_o say_v be_v god_n as_o a_o wise_a man_n have_v honour_n give_v he_o not_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o his_o body_n but_o of_o his_o mind_n other_o again_o assert_v that_o thing_n below_o man_n as_o image_n may_v have_v divine_a worship_n give_v to_o they_o in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o do_v participate_v of_o a_o superior_a nature_n either_o from_o the_o influence_n of_o heavenly_a body_n or_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o spirit_n which_o image_n they_o call_v god_n and_o from_o thence_o they_o be_v call_v idolater_n and_o so_o he_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v who_o acknowledge_v one_o first_o principle_n do_v give_v divine_a worship_n to_o any_o other_o be_v because_o it_o weaken_v the_o notion_n and_o esteem_n we_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o the_o supreme_a be_v to_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o any_o other_o beside_o he_o as_o it_o will_v lessen_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o king_n for_o any_o other_o person_n to_o have_v the_o same_o kind_n of_o respect_n show_v to_o he_o which_o we_o express_v to_o the_o king_n and_o because_o this_o divine_a worship_n be_v due_a to_o god_n on_o the_o account_n of_o creation_n which_o be_v proper_a only_o to_o he_o and_o because_o he_o be_v proper_o lord_n over_o we_o and_o none_o else_o beside_o he_o and_o he_o be_v our_o great_a and_o last_o end_n which_o be_v all_o of_o they_o great_a and_o weighty_a reason_n why_o divine_a worship_n shall_v be_v appropriate_v to_o god_n alone_o but_o say_v he_o although_o this_o opinion_n which_o make_v god_n a_o separate_a be_v and_o the_o first_o cause_n of_o all_o intellectual_a being_n be_v true_a yet_o that_o which_o make_v god_n the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n though_o it_o be_v far_o from_o truth_n give_v a_o better_a account_n of_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o create_a being_n for_o than_o they_o give_v that_o divine_a worship_n to_o god_n himself_o for_o according_a to_o this_o principle_n the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o respect_n of_o god_n be_v but_o as_o the_o several_a member_n of_o a_o man_n body_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o soul_n but_o the_o most_o unreasonable_a opinion_n he_o say_v be_v that_o of_o animate_v image_n because_o those_o can_v deserve_v more_o worship_n than_o either_o the_o spirit_n that_o animate_v they_o or_o the_o maker_n of_o they_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v divine_a worship_n give_v they_o beside_o that_o by_o lie_a oracle_n and_o wicked_a counsel_n these_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v evil_a spirit_n and_o therefore_o deserve_v no_o worship_n of_o we_o from_o hence_o he_o say_v it_o appear_v that_o because_o divine_a worship_n be_v proper_a only_o to_o god_n as_o the_o first_o principle_n and_o none_o but_o a_o ill_o dispose_v rational_a be_v can_v excite_v man_n to_o the_o do_v such_o unlawful_a thing_n as_o give_v the_o worship_n proper_a to_o god_n to_o any_o other_o be_v that_o man_n be_v draw_v to_o idolatry_n by_o the_o instigation_n of_o evil_a spirit_n which_o covet_v divine_a honour_n to_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o the_o scripture_n say_v they_o worship_v devil_n and_o not_o god_n from_o which_o remarkable_a testimony_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o these_o thing_n 1._o that_o he_o confess_v many_o of_o the_o gentile_n who_o he_o charge_v with_o idolatry_n do_v believe_v and_o worship_v the_o supreme_a god_n as_o creator_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o world_n 2._o that_o divine_a worship_n be_v so_o proper_a to_o the_o true_a god_n that_o whosoever_o give_v it_o to_o any_o create_v be_v though_o in_o itself_o of_o real_a excellency_n and_o consider_v as_o derive_v that_o excellency_n from_o god_n be_v yet_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n 3._o that_o relative_a latria_n be_v give_v to_o a_o creature_n be_v idolatry_n for_o so_o he_o make_v it_o to_o be_v in_o those_o who_o suppose_v god_n to_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n and_o i_o desire_v t._n g._n or_o any_o other_o cunning_a sophister_n among_o they_o to_o show_v i_o why_o a_o man_n may_v not_o as_o lawful_o worship_v any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o a_o relative_a latria_n suppose_v god_n to_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n as_o any_o image_n or_o crucifix_n whatsoever_o for_o if_o union_n contact_n or_o relation_n be_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o relative_a latria_n in_o one_o case_n it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o other_o also_o and_o i_o can_v but_o wonder_v so_o great_a a_o judgement_n as_o aquinas_n have_v 3._o shall_v not_o either_o have_v make_v he_o justify_v the_o heathen_n on_o this_o supposition_n or_o condemn_v the_o christian_n in_o give_v latria_n i._n e._n proper_a divine_a worship_n to_o the_o cross._n for_o there_o be_v not_o any_o shadow_n of_o reason_n produce_v by_o he_o for_o the_o one_o which_o will_v not_o hold_v have_v much_o more_o for_o the_o other_o for_o if_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o image_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o prototype_n be_v not_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o body_n to_o the_o mind_n that_o animate_v they_o if_o the_o image_n deserve_v the_o same_o worship_n with_o the_o person_n represent_v by_o it_o be_v not_o much_o more_o any_o part_n of_o the_o body_n capable_a of_o receive_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o the_o person_n as_o the_o
this_o first_o principle_n yet_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o this_o that_o it_o be_v immortal_a and_o not_o only_o good_a in_o itself_o but_o the_o fountain_n of_o all_o good_a which_o sure_o be_v no_o description_n of_o a_o arch-devil_n but_o what_o need_v i_o far_o insist_v on_o those_o author_n of_o his_o own_o church_n who_o have_v yield_v this_o when_o there_o be_v several_a who_o with_o approbation_n have_v undertake_v the_o proof_n of_o this_o in_o book_n write_v purposely_o on_o this_o subject_n such_o as_o raim_n breganius_n gentil_n mutius_n pansa_n philoso_n livius_n galante_n comparat_fw-la paulus_n benius_n eugubinus_n theolog_fw-la but_o above_o all_o augustinus_n steuchus_n eugubinus_n philo._n who_o have_v make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o prove_v that_o not_o only_o the_o be_v of_o the_o deity_n but_o the_o unity_n as_o a_o first_o principle_n the_o wisdom_n goodness_n power_n and_o providence_n of_o god_n be_v acknowledge_v not_o mere_o by_o the_o philosopher_n as_o plato_n and_o aristotle_n and_o their_o follower_n but_o by_o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n but_o i_o be_o afraid_a these_o book_n may_v be_v as_o hard_a for_o he_o to_o find_v as_o trigautius_n be_v and_o it_o be_v well_o if_o his_o principle_n be_v as_o hard_o to_o find_v too_o if_o they_o discover_v no_o more_o learning_n or_o judgement_n than_o this_o that_o the_o supreme_a god_n of_o the_o heathen_n be_v a_o arch-devil_n but_o t._n g._n say_v 350._o that_o the_o father_n of_o god_n and_o man_n among_o the_o heathen_n be_v according_a to_o the_o father_n a_o arch-devil_n be_v it_o not_o possible_a for_o you_o to_o entertain_v wild_a and_o absurd_a opinion_n yourselves_o but_o upon_o all_o occasion_n you_o must_v lay_v they_o at_o the_o door_n of_o the_o father_n i_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o place_n where_o the_o people_n be_v hard_o put_v to_o it_o to_o provide_v godfather_n for_o their_o child_n at_o last_o they_o resolve_v to_o choose_v two_o man_n that_o be_v to_o stand_v as_o godfather_n for_o all_o the_o child_n that_o be_v to_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o parish_n just_o such_o a_o use_n you_o make_v of_o the_o father_n they_o must_v christen_v all_o your_o brat_n and_o how_o foolish_a soever_o a_o opinion_n be_v if_o it_o come_v from_o you_o it_o must_v present_o pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n but_o i_o shall_v do_v my_o endeavour_n to_o break_v this_o bad_a custom_n of_o you_o and_o since_o t._n g._n think_v i_o a_o scarce-revolted_n presbyterian_a i_o shall_v make_v the_o right_a father_n stand_v for_o his_o own_o child_n and_o because_o this_o be_v very_o material_a towards_o the_o true_a understanding_n the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n i_o shall_v give_v a_o full_a account_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o father_n in_o this_o point_n and_o not_o as_o t._n g._n have_v do_v from_o one_o single_a passage_n of_o a_o learned_a but_o by_o their_o own_o church_n think_v heretical_a father_n viz._n origen_n present_o cry_v out_o the_o father_n the_o father_n which_o be_v like_o a_o country_n fellow_n that_o come_v to_o a_o gentleman_n and_o tell_v he_o he_o have_v find_v out_o a_o brave_a covey_n of_o partridge_n lie_v in_o such_o a_o field_n the_o gentleman_n be_v very_o much_o please_v with_o the_o news_n and_o present_o ask_v he_o how_o many_o there_o be_v what_o half_a a_o score_n no._n eight_o no._n six_o no._n four_o no._n but_o how_o many_o than_o be_v there_o sir_n say_v the_o country_n fellow_n it_o be_v a_o covey_n of_o one_o i_o be_o afraid_a t._n g_o his_o covey_n of_o father_n will_v hardly_o come_v to_o one_o at_o last_o justin_n martyr_n be_v the_o elder_a genuine_a father_n extant_a who_o undertake_v to_o reprove_v the_o gentile_n for_o their_o idolatry_n paris_n and_o to_o defend_v the_o christian_a worship_n in_o his_o paraenesis_n to_o the_o greek_n he_o take_v notice_n how_o hardly_o the_o wise_a gentile_n think_v themselves_o deal_v with_o when_o all_o the_o poetical_a fable_n about_o their_o god_n be_v object_v against_o they_o just_a as_o some_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v when_o we_o tell_v they_o of_o the_o legend_n of_o their_o saint_n which_o the_o more_o ingenuous_a confess_v to_o be_v make_v by_o man_n who_o take_v a_o privilege_n of_o feign_v and_o say_v any_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o the_o heathen_a poet_n but_o they_o appeal_v for_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o religion_n to_o plato_n and_o aristotle_n both_o who_o he_o confess_v 6._o to_o have_v assert_v one_o supreme_a god_n although_o they_o differ_v in_o their_o opinion_n about_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o formation_n of_o thing_n by_o he_o afterward_o he_o say_v that_o the_o first_o author_n of_o polytheism_n among_o they_o viz._n orpheus_n do_v plain_o assert_v one_o supreme_a god_n 16._o and_o the_o make_n of_o all_o thing_n by_o he_o for_o which_o he_o produce_v many_o verse_n of_o he_o and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n a_o excellent_a testimony_n of_o sophocles_n viz._n that_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n who_o make_v heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o sea_n and_o wind_n but_o the_o folly_n and_o madness_n of_o mankind_n bring_v in_o the_o image_n of_o god_n and_o when_o they_o have_v offer_v sacrifice_n and_o keep_v solemnity_n to_o these_o they_o think_v themselves_o religious_a 18._o he_o far_o show_v that_o pythagoras_n deliver_v to_o his_o disciple_n the_o unity_n of_o god_n and_o his_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o the_o fountain_n of_o all_o good_a that_o plato_n be_v warn_v by_o socrates_n his_o death_n dare_v not_o oppose_v the_o god_n common_o worship_v but_o one_o may_v guess_v by_o his_o write_n that_o his_o meaning_n as_o to_o the_o inferior_a deity_n be_v that_o they_o who_o will_v have_v they_o might_n and_o they_o who_o will_v not_o might_n let_v they_o alone_o but_o that_o himself_o have_v a_o right_a opinion_n concern_v the_o true_a god_n 19_o that_o homer_n by_o his_o golden_a chain_n do_v attribute_n to_o the_o supreme_a god_n a_o power_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n 22._o and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o deity_n be_v near_o as_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o supreme_a as_o man_n be_v and_o that_o the_o supreme_a be_v he_o who_o homer_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d god_n himself_o which_o signify_v say_v justin_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o true_o existent_a deity_n and_o that_o in_o achilles_n his_o shield_n he_o make_v vulcan_n represent_v the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n 27._o from_o these_o argument_n he_o persuade_v the_o greek_n to_o hearken_v to_o the_o revelation_n which_o the_o true_a and_o supreme_a god_n have_v make_v of_o himself_o to_o the_o world_n and_o to_o worship_v he_o according_a to_o his_o own_o will._n in_o his_o apology_n to_o the_o roman_a emperor_n antoninus_n pius_n and_o marcus_n aurelius_n and_o the_o roman_a senate_n and_o people_n for_o so_o baronius_n show_v 14._o that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o first_o be_v true_o the_o second_o and_o that_o not_o only_o write_v to_o the_o senate_n but_o to_o the_o emperor_n too_o who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v marcus_n aurelius_n as_o eusebius_n say_v and_o photius_n after_o he_o he_o give_v this_o account_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n then_o so_o warm_o manage_v about_o idolatry_n 17_o that_o it_o be_v not_o whether_o there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n or_o no_o or_o whether_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v divine_a worship_n give_v to_o he_o but_o whether_o those_o who_o the_o gentile_n call_v god_n be_v so_o or_o no_o and_o whether_o they_o or_o dead_a man_n do_v deserve_v any_o divine_a honour_n to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o and_o last_o that_o be_v suppose_v whether_o this_o honour_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v to_o image_n or_o no_o for_o every_o one_o of_o these_o justin_n speak_v distinct_o to_o as_o to_o their_o god_n he_o deny_v that_o they_o deserve_v any_o divine_a worship_n because_o they_o desire_v it_o and_o be_v delight_v with_o it_o from_o whence_o 44._o as_o well_o as_o from_o other_o argument_n he_o prove_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v true_a god_n but_o evil_a daemon_n that_o those_o who_o be_v christian_n do_v only_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n the_o father_n of_o all_o virtue_n and_o goodness_n and_o his_o son_n who_o have_v instruct_v both_o man_n and_o angel_n for_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o think_v that_o in_o this_o place_n justin_n shall_v assert_v the_o worship_n of_o angel_n equal_a with_o the_o father_n and_o son_n and_o before_o the_o holy_a ghost_n as_o some_o great_a man_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v do_v and_o the_o prophetic_a spirit_n in_o spirit_n and_o truth_n 68_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o crime_n to_o object_n against_o the_o christian_n but_o that_o they_o do_v not_o
worship_v the_o same_o god_n with_o they_o nor_o offer_v up_o libation_n and_o the_o smoke_n of_o sacrifice_n to_o dead_a man_n 66._o nor_o crown_n and_o worship_n image_n that_o they_o agree_v with_o menander_n who_o say_v we_o ought_v not_o to_o worship_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n not_o because_o devil_n dwell_v in_o they_o but_o because_o man_n be_v the_o maker_n of_o they_o and_o he_o wonder_v they_o can_v call_v they_o god_n 57_o which_o they_o know_v to_o be_v without_o soul_n and_o dead_a and_o to_o have_v no_o likeness_n to_o god_n it_o be_v not_o then_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o be_v animate_v by_o evil_a spirit_n that_o the_o christian_n reject_v this_o worship_n for_o then_o these_o reason_n will_v not_o have_v hold_v all_o the_o resemblance_n they_o have_v be_v to_o those_o evil_a spirit_n that_o have_v appear_v among_o man_n for_o that_o be_v justins_n opinion_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o idolatry_n 44._o that_o god_n have_v commit_v the_o government_n of_o all_o thing_n under_o the_o heaven_n to_o particular_a angel_n but_o these_o angel_n prevaricate_a by_o the_o love_n of_o woman_n do_v upon_o they_o beget_v daemon_n that_o these_o daemon_n be_v the_o great_a corrupter_n of_o mankind_n and_o partly_o by_o frightful_a apparition_n and_o by_o instruct_v man_n in_o idolatrous_a rite_n do_v by_o degree_n draw_v man_n to_o give_v they_o divine_a worship_n the_o people_n not_o imagine_v they_o to_o be_v evil_a spirit_n and_o so_o be_v call_v by_o such_o name_n as_o they_o like_v best_o themselves_o as_o neptune_n pluto_n 55._o etc._n etc._n but_o the_o true_a god_n have_v no_o certain_a name_n give_v to_o he_o for_o say_v he_o father_n and_o god_n and_o creator_n and_o lord_n and_o master_n be_v not_o name_n but_o title_n arise_v from_o his_o work_n and_o good_a deed_n and_o god_n 44._o be_v not_o a_o name_n but_o a_o notion_n engraft_v in_o humane_a nature_n of_o a_o unexpressible_a be_v but_o that_o god_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v worship_v appear_v by_o this_o which_o be_v the_o great_a command_n give_v to_o christian_n 65._o thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v with_o all_o thy_o heart_n and_o with_o all_o thy_o strength_n even_o the_o lord_n god_n that_o make_v thou_o where_o we_o see_v the_o force_n of_o the_o argument_n use_v by_o justin_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o christian_n lay_v in_o god_n peremptory_a prohibition_n of_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o any_o thing_n but_o himself_o and_o that_o found_v upon_o god_n right_a of_o dominion_n over_o we_o by_o virtue_n of_o creation_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o divine_a monarchy_n he_o show_v that_o although_o the_o heathen_n do_v make_v great_a use_n of_o the_o poet_n to_o justify_v their_o polytheism_n yet_o they_o do_v give_v clear_a testimony_n of_o one_o supreme_a deity_n who_o be_v the_o maker_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n for_o which_o end_n he_o produce_v the_o say_n of_o aeschylus_n sophocles_n orpheus_n pythagoras_n philemon_n menander_n and_o euripides_n all_o very_a considerable_a to_o this_o purpose_n in_o his_o work_n there_o be_v extant_a the_o resolution_n of_o several_a question_n by_o a_o greek_a philosopher_n and_o the_o christian_n reply_n in_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o evident_a than_o that_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o both_o side_n that_o there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n infinite_o good_a powerful_a and_o wise_a nay_o the_o greek_a philosopher_n look_v upon_o the_o ignorance_n of_o god_n as_o a_o thing_n impossible_a 160._o because_o all_o man_n natural_o agree_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n 5._o but_o there_o be_v plain_a evidence_n in_o that_o book_n that_o it_o be_v of_o late_a date_n than_o justins_n time_n therefore_o instead_o of_o insist_v any_o more_o on_o that_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o far_a proof_n that_o in_o his_o time_n it_o can_v be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o dispute_n between_o the_o christian_n and_o heathen_n whether_o there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n that_o aught_o to_o be_v worship_v by_o man_n and_o that_o shall_v be_v from_o that_o very_a emperor_n to_o who_o eusebius_n say_v justin_n martyr_n do_v make_v his_o second_o apology_n viz._n m._n aurelius_n antoninus_n it_o be_v particular_o observe_v of_o he_o by_o the_o roman_a historian_n that_o he_o have_v a_o great_a zeal_n for_o preserve_v the_o old_a roman_a religion_n and_o jul._n capitolinus_n say_v anton._n that_o he_o be_v so_o skilful_a in_o all_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o that_o he_o need_v not_o as_o it_o be_v common_a for_o one_o to_o prompt_v he_o because_o he_o can_v say_v the_o prayer_n by_o heart_n and_o he_o be_v so_o confident_a of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o god_n that_o he_o bid_v faustina_n not_o punish_v those_o who_o have_v conspire_v against_o he_o for_o the_o god_n will_v defend_v he_o his_o zeal_n be_v please_a to_o they_o and_o therefore_o baronius_n do_v not_o wonder_n that_o justin_n and_o other_o christian_n suffer_v martyrdom_n under_o he_o 9_o but_o in_o the_o book_n which_o be_v leave_v of_o his_o writing_n we_o may_v easy_o discover_v that_o he_o firm_o believe_v a_o eternal_a wisdom_n and_o providence_n which_o manage_v the_o world_n and_o that_o the_o god_n who_o veneration_n he_o commend_v be_v look_v on_o by_o he_o as_o the_o subservient_fw-fr minister_n of_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n reverence_n the_o god_n say_v he_o but_o withal_o 9.4_o he_o say_v honour_n that_o which_o be_v most_o excellent_a in_o the_o world_n that_o which_o dispose_v and_o govern_v all_o which_o sometime_o he_o call_v the_o all-commanding_a reason_n sometime_o the_o mind_n and_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n which_o he_o express_o say_v be_v but_o one_o and_o in_o one_o place_n he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o world_n and_o one_o god_n and_o one_o substance_n and_o one_o law_n and_o one_o common_a reason_n of_o intelligent_a being_n and_o one_o truth_n 6._o but_o the_o great_a objection_n against_o such_o testimony_n of_o antoninus_n and_o other_o lie_n in_o this_o that_o these_o only_a show_n the_o particular_a opinion_n of_o some_o few_o man_n of_o philosophical_a mind_n but_o they_o do_v not_o reach_v to_o the_o public_a and_o establish_a religion_n among_o they_o which_o seem_v to_o make_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o other_o deity_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o they_o do_v not_o give_v to_o he_o any_o such_o worship_n aâ—_n belong_v to_o he_o which_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a objection_n against_o the_o design_n of_o this_o present_a discourse_n i_o shall_v here_o endeavour_v to_o remove_v it_o before_o i_o produce_v any_o far_a testimony_n of_o the_o father_n for_o which_o we_o must_v consider_v wherein_o the_o roman_n do_v suppose_v the_o solemn_a and_o outward_a act_n of_o their_o religion_n to_o consist_v viz._n in_o the_o worship_n appropriate_v 〈◊〉_d their_o temple_n or_o in_o occasional_a prayer_n and_o vow_n or_o in_o some_o part_n of_o divination_n whereby_o they_o suppose_v god_n do_v make_v know_v his_o mind_n to_o they_o if_o i_o can_v therefore_o prove_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v in_o a_o extraordinary_a manner_n make_v use_n of_o all_o these_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n to_o the_o supreme_a god_n it_o will_v then_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o father_n and_o they_o about_o idolatry_n can_v not_o be_v about_o the_o worship_n of_o one_o supreme_a god_n but_o about_o give_v religious_a worship_n to_o any_o else_o beside_o he_o the_o worship_n perform_v in_o their_o temple_n be_v the_o most_o solemn_a and_o frequent_a among_o they_o in_o so_o much_o that_o tully_n say_v therein_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n exceed_v all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n 9_o but_o the_o most_o solemn_a part_n of_o that_o worship_n be_v that_o which_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o capitol_n at_o rome_n and_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o jupiter_n latialis_n in_o alba_n and_o both_o these_o i_o shall_v prove_v be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o supreme_a god_n 118._o the_o first_o capitol_n be_v build_v at_o rome_n by_o numa_n pompilius_n and_o call_v by_o varro_n the_o old_a capitol_n 4._o which_o stand_v at_o a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o place_n where_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o great_a temple_n be_v lay_v by_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n the_o one_o be_v about_o the_o cirque_fw-la of_o flora_n the_o other_o upon_o the_o tarpeian_a mountain_n there_o be_v so_o little_o leave_v of_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o former_a that_o for_o the_o design_n of_o it_o we_o be_v to_o judge_v by_o the_o general_a intention_n of_o numa_n as_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o deity_n of_o which_o plutarch_n give_v this_o account_n numa_n that_o he_o forbid_v the_o roman_n make_v any_o image_n of_o god_n either_o like_a to_o man_n or_o beast_n because_o the_o first_o be_v be_v
aether_n and_o earth_n and_o heaven_n and_o all_o thing_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n above_o all_o jupiter_n be_v it_o and_o clemens_n be_v so_o far_o from_o think_v this_o a_o improper_a speech_n that_o he_o say_v it_o be_v speak_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o decency_n and_o gravity_n concern_v god_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o they_o who_o boast_v so_o much_o of_o the_o father_n be_v not_o over_o conversant_a with_o they_o but_o father_n bellarmine_n or_o father_n coccius_n serve_v they_o for_o a_o whole_a jury_n of_o they_o but_o i_o commend_v t._n g._n for_o his_o modesty_n for_o when_o he_o have_v say_v this_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o father_n he_o produce_v no_o more_o but_o good_a father_n origen_n and_o he_o be_v so_o kind_a heart_a to_o he_o that_o though_o i_o believe_v he_o have_v hear_v how_o he_o have_v be_v condemn_v for_o a_o heretic_n yet_o he_o with_o great_a judgement_n suppose_v that_o what_o he_o say_v be_v the_o common_a sense_n of_o the_o father_n but_o beside_o this_o 604._o clemens_n quote_v a_o say_n of_o heraclitus_n approve_v by_o plato_n wherein_o the_o only_a wise_a be_v be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o jove_n and_o to_o show_v that_o one_o supreme_a be_v be_v receive_v among_o the_o greek_n he_o cite_v far_a an_o express_v testimony_n of_o timaeus_n locrus_n wherein_o he_o say_v there_o be_v one_o unbegotten_a principle_n of_o all_o thing_n for_o if_o it_o be_v beget_v it_o be_v no_o first_o principle_n but_o that_o out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v beget_v will_v be_v that_o principle_n which_o clemens_n parallel_v with_o that_o say_n of_o scripture_n hear_v o_o israel_n the_o lord_n thy_o god_n be_v one_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v i_o omit_v the_o testimony_n of_o author_n cite_v before_o but_o to_o they_o he_o add_v diphilus_n the_o comedian_n who_o be_v a_o little_o young_a than_o menander_n and_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o ptolemy_n who_o speak_v plain_o concern_v the_o omniscience_n providence_n and_o justice_n of_o god_n in_o the_o verse_n cite_v out_o of_o he_o and_o call_v god_n the_o lord_n of_o all_o who_o very_a name_n be_v dreadful_a and_o who_o word_n afterward_o be_v so_o full_a of_o emphasis_n that_o i_o can_v forbear_v set_v they_o down_o although_o i_o beg_v pardon_n for_o mix_v so_o much_o of_o a_o foreign_a language_n in_o a_o english_a discourse_n he_o bid_v those_o man_n look_v to_o it_o who_o presume_v upon_o god_n patience_n because_o he_o do_v not_o at_o present_a punish_v they_o 606._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d look_v to_o it_o you_o that_o think_v there_o be_v no_o god_n there_o be_v there_o be_v if_o any_o man_n do_v ill_a let_v he_o think_v time_n be_v gain_v for_o certain_o suffer_v he_o shall_v for_o what_o he_o have_v do_v amiss_o but_o withal_o he_o quote_v a_o say_n of_o xenocrates_n chalcedonius_n wherein_o he_o call_v god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o supreme_a jove_n and_o another_o of_o archilochus_n parius_n a_o very_a ancient_a poet_n 604._o in_o the_o 23_o olympiad_n say_v s._n cyril_n of_o alexandria_n wherein_o he_o begin_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d o_o jove_n 1._o thy_o power_n be_v in_o heaven_n and_o thou_o see_v all_o that_o be_v do_v there_o whether_o good_a or_o evil_n and_o menander_n say_v that_o god_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n good_a and_o aeschylus_n celebrate_v the_o mighty_a power_n of_o god_n to_o this_o purpose_n 609._o think_v not_o that_o god_n be_v like_a to_o what_o thou_o see_v thou_o know_v he_o not_o for_o he_o be_v like_a to_o that_o which_o can_v be_v touch_v or_o see_v he_o make_v the_o mountain_n tremble_v and_o the_o sea_n to_o rage_n when_o his_o command_a eye_n do_v on_o they_o look_v for_o the_o great_a god_n can_v do_v what_o he_o think_v fit_a but_o diphilus_n say_v yet_o far_o honour_v he_o alone_o that_o be_v the_o father_n of_o all_o good_a thing_n from_o all_o which_o clemens_n conclude_v 611._o that_o the_o east_n and_o west_n the_o north_n and_o south_n have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o anticipation_n concern_v the_o government_n of_o one_o supreme_a disposer_n of_o thing_n 612._o because_o the_o knowledge_n of_o his_o most_o common_a operation_n have_v equal_o reach_v to_o all_o but_o especial_o to_o the_o inquisitive_a philosopher_n of_o greece_n who_o have_v attribute_v a_o wise_a providence_n to_o the_o invisible_a and_o only_o and_o most_o powerful_a and_o most_o skilful_a contriver_n of_o all_o thing_n although_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o convince_v a_o modest_a man_n 9_o that_o the_o gentile_n who_o be_v charge_v with_o idolatry_n by_o the_o primitive_a father_n do_v agree_v in_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o one_o supreme_a deity_n and_o be_v so_o think_v to_o do_v by_o those_o who_o manage_v that_o charge_n against_o they_o yet_o i_o shall_v proceed_v from_o clemens_n to_o origen_n his_o disciple_n and_o see_v if_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n be_v alter_v in_o his_o time_n the_o dispute_n between_o celsus_n and_o he_o do_v not_o at_o all_o depend_v on_o this_o whether_o there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n or_o no_o or_o whether_o sovereign_a worship_n do_v belong_v to_o he_o for_o celsus_n free_o acknowledge_v both_o these_o i_o know_v origen_n several_a time_n charge_v he_o with_o be_v a_o epicurean_a but_o whatever_o his_o private_a opinion_n be_v he_o own_v none_o of_o the_o epicurean_a principle_n about_o religion_n in_o his_o book_n against_o the_o christian_n wherein_o he_o declare_v himself_o to_o be_v both_o for_o god_n and_o providence_n he_o call_v god_n the_o universael_a reason_n he_o acknowledge_v he_o to_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o all_o immortal_a being_n and_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v from_o he_o 247._o and_o say_v that_o god_n be_v common_a to_o all_o good_a and_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o nothing_o and_o without_o envy_n nay_o he_o call_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o great_a god_n 200._o and_o say_v that_o man_n ought_v to_o undergo_v any_o torment_n rather_o than_o to_o think_v or_o speak_v any_o thing_n unworthy_a of_o he_o 392._o 419._o that_o he_o be_v at_o no_o time_n to_o be_v forsake_v by_o we_o neither_o night_n nor_o day_n in_o public_a or_o private_a in_o our_o thought_n or_o action_n but_o our_o soul_n ought_v always_o to_o be_v intent_n upon_o he_o thus_o far_o celsus_n seem_v a_o good_a christian_a what_o be_v the_o matter_n then_o between_o origen_n and_o he_o that_o they_o can_v not_o agree_v about_o divine_a worship_n since_o celsus_n do_v acknowledge_v the_o supreme_a excellency_n of_o god_n and_o consequent_o that_o sovereign_a worship_n be_v only_o due_a to_o he_o why_o the_o dispute_n lie_v in_o this_o point_n celsus_n contend_v with_o great_a vehemency_n that_o since_o god_n make_v use_v of_o inferior_a spirit_n to_o govern_v the_o world_n that_o those_o aught_o to_o have_v divine_a honour_n give_v to_o they_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o several_a country_n that_o this_o tend_v more_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o supreme_a deity_n for_o that_o devotion_n 421._o say_v he_o be_v more_o perfect_a which_o pass_v through_o all_o to_o he_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v conceive_v that_o god_n shall_v envy_v the_o honour_n of_o his_o own_o minister_n but_o we_o ought_v rather_o to_o suppose_v that_o the_o great_a god_n be_v better_a please_v with_o it_o 381._o so_o that_o all_o that_o celsus_n plead_v for_o be_v either_o a_o inferior_a service_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o at_o the_o utmost_a but_o a_o relative_n latria_n a_o divine_a worship_n which_o be_v to_o fall_v after_o a_o inferior_a manner_n upon_o the_o low_a god_n but_o to_o be_v final_o terminate_v upon_o the_o supreme_a to_o this_o origen_n answer_v two_o way_n 1._o by_o show_v that_o these_o inferior_a deity_n be_v not_o good_a angel_n but_o daemon_n i._n e._n evil_a spirit_n which_o he_o prove_v many_o way_n but_o chief_o by_o this_o that_o they_o seem_v so_o covetous_a of_o divine_a worship_n from_o man_n 2._o by_o insist_v on_o this_o as_o the_o fundamental_a principle_n of_o worship_n in_o the_o christian_a religion_n that_o divine_a worship_n be_v to_o be_v give_v only_o to_o god_n himself_o and_o to_o his_o son_n christ_n jesus_n this_o he_o inculcate_n upon_o all_o occasion_n this_o he_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n that_o god_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v worship_v all_o other_o thing_n whether_o they_o have_v being_n or_o have_v not_o be_v to_o be_v pass_v by_o 10._o and_o although_o some_o of_o they_o may_v deserve_v honour_n
signify_v daughter_n imply_v the_o lesser_a deity_n and_o olla_fw-mi taal_fw-mi the_o supreme_a god_n as_o the_o word_n signify_v which_o he_o prove_v from_o sharestanius_fw-la that_o the_o old_a arab_n do_v acknowledge_v abraham_n ecchellensis_n speak_v of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o old_a arabian_n say_v that_o those_o who_o be_v of_o the_o sect_n of_o chaled_a orient_a go_v upon_o this_o principle_n that_o there_o be_v one_o creator_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n most_o powerful_a and_o most_o wise_a beside_o these_o there_o be_v those_o who_o worship_v intelligence_n or_o celestial_a spirit_n and_o these_o say_v he_o although_o they_o confess_v one_o creator_n of_o the_o world_n most_o holy_a wise_a and_o powerful_a yet_o they_o say_v we_o have_v need_n of_o mediator_n to_o he_o therefore_o they_o invoke_v those_o spirit_n with_o all_o rite_n of_o religious_a worship_n and_o these_o say_v he_o be_v call_v the_o daughter_n of_o god_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o alcoran_n not_o much_o different_a from_o these_o be_v the_o worshipper_n of_o image_n who_o he_o describe_v as_o we_o have_v do_v before_o but_o he_o tell_v we_o there_o be_v a_o sect_n of_o dahritae_n among_o they_o who_o he_o call_v philosopher_n who_o be_v mere_a atheist_n and_o assert_v the_o eternity_n of_o the_o world_n and_o these_o be_v except_v he_o say_v that_o the_o ancient_a arab_n do_v believe_v the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o he_o tell_v out_o of_o they_o 9_o their_o particular_a history_n of_o it_o but_o ecchellensis_n be_v aware_a of_o the_o parallel_n between_o the_o worship_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o among_o the_o arabian_n suppose_v they_o acknowledge_v one_o true_a god_n and_o therefore_o put_v the_o qustion_n whether_o they_o do_v worship_v their_o idol_n for_o god_n without_o relation_n to_o any_o superior_a or_o only_o take_v they_o for_o second_o cause_n and_o give_v they_o the_o name_n of_o god_n only_o analogical_o it_o be_v a_o question_n seasonable_o put_v but_o not_o so_o wise_o answer_v for_o as_o if_o he_o have_v quite_o forget_v what_o he_o have_v say_v before_o he_o say_v without_o all_o doubt_n the_o most_o of_o they_o look_v upon_o the_o god_n they_o worship_v as_o of_o supreme_a authority_n and_o majesty_n and_o independent_a of_o any_o other_o what_o although_o they_o acknowledge_v but_o one_o supreme_a god_n and_o call_v all_o the_o lesser_a deity_n his_o daughter_n although_o all_o of_o they_o a_o very_a few_o except_v believe_v the_o creation_n of_o all_o thing_n by_o one_o most_o wise_a and_o powerful_a be_v but_o alas_o he_o do_v not_o think_v of_o this_o question_n when_o he_o say_v the_o other_o thing_n and_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o remember_v they_o now_o but_o to_o say_v what_o serve_v best_a for_o his_o present_a purpose_n to_o clear_v the_o roman_a church_n from_o idolatry_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v then_o but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o sect_n of_o dahritae_n who_o do_v only_o in_o name_n own_o any_o thing_n of_o god_n and_o religion_n that_o do_v assert_v the_o eternity_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o god_n but_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n both_o among_o the_o phoenician_n and_o chaldean_n as_o well_o as_o arabian_n but_o i_o say_v these_o be_v atheist_n and_o not_o idolater_n those_o who_o where_o charge_v with_o idolatry_n among_o they_o be_v such_o as_o believe_v a_o supreme_a deity_n but_o give_v divine_a honour_n to_o being_n create_a by_o he_o the_o like_a be_v suggest_v by_o some_o concern_v the_o persian_n as_o though_o they_o attribute_v omnipotency_n and_o divine_a worship_n only_o to_o the_o sun_n and_o those_o who_o take_v all_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n upon_o trust_n mere_o from_o herodotus_n or_o justin_n or_o other_o greek_a and_o latin_a writer_n may_v think_v they_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v it_o but_o if_o we_o look_v into_o those_o who_o have_v be_v most_o conversant_a in_o the_o persian_a write_n we_o shall_v find_v a_o different_a account_n of_o they_o jac._n golius_n in_o his_o note_n on_o alferganus_fw-la say_v 20._o that_o the_o persian_n give_v the_o name_n of_o their_o god_n to_o their_o month_n and_o day_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a religion_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o magi_n whereby_o they_o do_v believe_v their_o god_n to_o preside_v over_o they_o for_o it_o be_v a_o principle_n among_o they_o as_o well_o as_o other_o nation_n of_o the_o east_n that_o the_o thing_n of_o this_o low_a world_n be_v administer_v by_o angel_n and_o according_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a prayer_n and_o devotion_n according_a to_o the_o several_a day_n and_o month_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o their_o very_a meat_n drink_n clothing_z and_o perfume_n be_v different_a and_o they_o have_v their_o table_n or_o rubric_n to_o instruct_v they_o and_o what_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o the_o planet_n be_v not_o say_v he_o 21._o to_o themselves_o but_o to_o those_o intelligency_n which_o they_o suppose_v to_o rule_v they_o nay_o they_o suppose_v particular_a spirit_n to_o rule_v over_o all_o the_o material_a part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o spirit_n over_o fire_n be_v call_v adar_n and_o aredbahist_n the_o spirit_n over_o herb_n and_o tree_n chordad_fw-es the_o spirit_n over_o bruit_n be_v bahmen_fw-ge the_o spirit_n over_o the_o earth_n be_v asfendurm_v and_o so_o they_o have_v a_o angel_n of_o night_n and_o another_o of_o death_n and_o the_o spirit_n over_o the_o sun_n be_v call_v mihrgîan_n from_fw-la mihr_fw-ge the_o sun_n whence_o the_o word_n mithras_n but_o above_o all_o these_o they_o believe_v there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o call_v hormuz_n and_o dei_fw-la 40._o and_o the_o persian_a writer_n say_v that_o zoroaster_n appoint_v six_o great_a festival_n in_o the_o year_n in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o six_o day_n creation_n 24._o and_o to_o this_o be_v very_o agreeable_a what_o the_o persee_v in_o indosthan_n do_v to_o this_o day_n deliver_v of_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o religion_n for_o 5._o they_o affirm_v god_n to_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o that_o he_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n to_o certain_a spirit_n and_o they_o worship_v the_o fire_n as_o a_o part_n of_o god_n and_o call_v the_o sun_n and_o moon_n god_n great_a witness_n 44._o and_o the_o description_n of_o they_o in_o varenius_n full_o accord_v with_o this_o that_o they_o acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a god_n every_o where_o present_a 269._o that_o govern_v the_o world_n but_o he_o make_v use_v of_o seven_o chief_a minister_n for_o the_o management_n of_o it_o one_o over_o man_n another_o over_z bruit_n another_o over_o fire_n as_o be_v before_o describe_v and_o under_o these_o they_o place_v 25_o more_o who_o be_v all_o to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o the_o supreme_a god_n of_o their_o administration_n with_o this_o account_n agree_v the_o relation_n of_o mandelslo_n concern_v they_o 215._o who_o say_v that_o the_o parsis_n believe_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n preserver_n of_o the_o universe_n that_o he_o act_v alone_a and_o immediate_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o that_o the_o seven_o servant_n of_o god_n for_o who_o they_o have_v also_o a_o great_a veneration_n have_v only_o a_o inferior_a administration_n whereof_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v account_n and_o after_o the_o enumerate_v these_o with_o their_o particular_a charge_n he_o reckon_v up_o 26_o under_o they_o with_o their_o several_a name_n but_o they_o call_v they_o all_o in_o common_a geshoo_n i._n e._n lord_n and_o believe_v he_o say_v that_o they_o have_v a_o absolute_a power_n over_o the_o thing_n whereof_o god_n have_v entrust_v they_o with_o the_o administration_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o they_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o worship_v they_o and_o to_o invocate_v they_o in_o their_o extremity_n out_o of_o a_o persuasion_n that_o god_n will_v not_o deny_v they_o any_o thing_n they_o desire_v on_o their_o intercession_n schickard_n relate_v a_o particular_a story_n of_o the_o persian_a king_n firutz_n 130._o or_o peroze_n which_o show_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o a_o supreme_a deity_n among_o the_o persian_n in_o his_o time_n which_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n there_o happen_v a_o mighty_a drought_n in_o persia_n so_o that_o it_o rain_v not_o for_o seven_o year_n and_o when_o the_o king_n granary_n be_v utter_o exhaust_v and_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o further_a supply_n he_o call_v his_o people_n out_o into_o the_o open_a field_n and_o there_o in_o a_o most_o humble_a manner_n he_o beseech_v the_o great_a god_n lord_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n to_o send_v they_o rain_n and_o give_v not_o over_o pray_v till_o a_o plentiful_a shower_n fall_v upon_o they_o which_o say_v he_o be_v another_o example_n after_o the_o ninivites_n of_o god_n great_a mercy_n
to_o their_o god_n but_o they_o have_v temple_n for_o heaven_n and_o earth_n in_o nankin_n and_o pekim_n in_o which_o the_o king_n himself_o offer_v the_o sacrifice_n and_o in_o the_o city_n they_o have_v temple_n for_o tutelar_a spirit_n to_o which_o the_o mandarin_n do_v sacrifice_n as_o to_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o river_n mountain_n and_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n etc._n etc._n and_o there_o be_v temple_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o great_a benefactor_n to_o the_o public_a and_o therein_o be_v place_v their_o image_n trigautius_n say_v 10._o that_o he_o find_v in_o their_o ancient_a book_n that_o the_o chineses_n do_v of_o old_a time_n worship_v one_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o call_v king_n of_o heaven_n or_o by_o another_o name_n heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o beside_o he_o they_o worship_v tutelar_a spirit_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n with_o semedo_n and_o the_o same_o he_o say_v continues_z still_o in_o the_o learned_a sect_n among_o they_o who_o first_o author_n be_v their_o famous_a confutius_n to_o he_o they_o have_v a_o temple_n erect_v in_o every_o city_n with_o his_o image_n or_o his_o name_n in_o golden_a letter_n whither_o all_o the_o magistrate_n every_o new_a or_o full_a moon_n do_v resort_n to_o give_v honour_n to_o confutius_n with_o bowing_n and_o wax-candle_n and_o incense_v the_o same_o they_o do_v on_o his_o birthday_n and_o other_o set_a time_n there_o to_o express_v their_o gratitude_n for_o the_o mighty_a advantage_n they_o have_v have_v by_o his_o doctrine_n but_o they_o make_v no_o prayer_n to_o he_o and_o neither_o seek_v nor_o hope_v for_o any_o thing_n from_o he_o they_o have_v likewise_o temple_n to_o tutelar_a spirit_n for_o every_o city_n and_o tribunal_n where_o they_o make_v oblation_n and_o burn_v perfume_n acknowledge_v these_o to_o have_v power_n to_o reward_v and_o punish_v bartoli_n say_v 73._o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o any_o contempt_n of_o religion_n but_o out_o of_o reverence_n to_o the_o deity_n because_o of_o the_o excellency_n of_o his_o majesty_n that_o they_o suffer_v none_o but_o the_o king_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o he_o and_o according_o the_o large_a power_n the_o tutelar_a spirit_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v the_o great_a magistrate_n be_v to_o attend_v their_o service_n and_o the_o lesser_a those_o of_o city_n and_o mountain_n and_o river_n but_o that_o which_o be_v more_o material_a to_o our_o present_a business_n be_v to_o consider_v the_o resolution_n of_o a_o case_n of_o conscience_n not_o long_o since_o give_v at_o rome_n by_o the_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n de_fw-fr propagandâ_fw-la fide_fw-la after_o advise_v with_o and_o the_o full_a consent_n of_o the_o pope_n obtain_v 12_o sept._n 1645._o which_o resolution_n and_o decree_n be_v print_v in_o the_o press_n of_o the_o congregation_n the_o same_o year_n with_o the_o pope_n decree_n annex_v to_o it_o and_o his_o peremptory_a command_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o it_o by_o all_o missionary_n and_o that_o copy_n of_o the_o resolution_n i_o have_v see_v be_v attest_v by_o a_o public_a notary_n to_o agree_v with_o the_o original_a decree_n which_o case_n will_v help_v we_o very_o much_o to_o the_o right_a understanding_n the_o notion_n of_o idolatry_n according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o case_n be_v this_o the_o missionary_n of_o the_o society_n of_o jesuit_n have_v have_v a_o plentiful_a harvest_n in_o china_n and_o many_o of_o the_o great_a man_n embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n by_o their_o mean_n the_o missionary_n of_o other_o order_n especial_o the_o franciscan_n have_v a_o great_a curiosity_n to_o understand_v the_o art_n which_o the_o jesuit_n use_v in_o prevail_v with_o so_o many_o great_a person_n to_o become_v christian_n and_o upon_o full_a enquiry_n they_o find_v they_o give_v they_o great_a liberty_n as_o to_o the_o five_o precept_n of_o the_o church_n as_o they_o call_v they_o viz._n hear_v mass_n annual_a confession_n receive_v the_o sacrament_n at_o easter_n fast_v at_o the_o solemn_a time_n and_o ten_o and_o first-fruit_n beside_o they_o do_v forbear_v their_o ceremony_n of_o baptism_n their_o oil_n and_o spittle_n in_o the_o ear_n and_o salt_n in_o the_o mouth_n when_o they_o baptize_v woman_n and_o give_v extreme_a unction_n to_o they_o because_o the_o jealousy_n of_o their_o husband_n will_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o use_v they_o but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o to_o our_o purpose_n be_v the_o liberty_n they_o give_v the_o mandarin_n in_o two_o thing_n 1._o to_o go_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n in_o every_o city_n as_o they_o be_v bind_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o office_n to_o do_v twice_o a_o month_n or_o else_o they_o forfeit_v their_o place_n and_o there_o to_o prostrate_v themselves_o before_o the_o idol_n with_o all_o the_o external_a act_n of_o adoration_n that_o other_o use_v and_o swear_v before_o it_o when_o they_o enter_v into_o their_o office_n so_o they_o do_v secret_o convey_v a_o crucifix_n among_o the_o flower_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o altar_n or_o hold_v it_o cunning_o in_o their_o hand_n and_o direct_v all_o their_o adoration_n to_o the_o crucifix_n by_o the_o inward_a intention_n of_o their_o mind_n 2._o to_o go_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o keum-fucu_a or_o confucius_n twice_o a_o year_n and_o to_o perform_v all_o the_o solemnity_n there_o that_o the_o rest_n do_v and_o the_o same_o as_o to_o the_o temple_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o be_v erect_v to_o their_o honour_n according_a to_o the_o precept_n of_o confucius_n because_o the_o chineses_n declare_v that_o they_o intend_v only_o to_o give_v the_o same_o reverence_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o they_o will_v do_v to_o themselves_o if_o they_o be_v still_o live_v and_o what_o they_o offer_v to_o they_o be_v nothing_o but_o what_o they_o will_v give_v they_o if_o they_o be_v alive_a without_o any_o intention_n to_o beg_v any_o thing_n from_o they_o when_o they_o know_v they_o to_o be_v dead_a and_o the_o same_o allowance_n they_o give_v as_o to_o the_o image_n of_o their_o ancestor_n about_o which_o many_o ceremony_n be_v use_v by_o they_o the_o missionary_n of_o s._n francis_n order_n be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o these_o thing_n from_o the_o philippines_n they_o send_v a_o memorial_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n concern_v they_o who_o by_o his_o ambassador_n represent_v it_o to_o the_o pope_n whereupon_o the_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n be_v call_v and_o after_o great_a deliberation_n and_o advise_v with_o the_o pope_n about_o it_o they_o make_v their_o decree_n wherein_o they_o by_o several_a resolution_n declare_v it_o unlawful_a upon_o any_o of_o those_o pretence_n to_o use_v act_n in_o themselves_o unlawful_a and_o superstitious_a although_o direct_v by_o their_o intention_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n and_o lest_o any_o shall_v imagine_v it_o be_v only_a matter_n of_o scandal_n which_o they_o stand_v upon_o as_o t._n g._n do_v 92._o about_o worship_v towards_o the_o sun_n they_o make_v use_v of_o several_a expression_n on_o purpose_n to_o exclude_v this_o for_o so_o they_o resolve_v the_o seven_o quere_z nullatenus_fw-la licere_fw-la it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n lawful_a and_o the_o eight_o nullo_n praetextu_fw-la under_o no_o pretence_n whatsoever_o and_o to_o the_o nine_o express_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v salve_v propter_fw-la absentiam_fw-la gentilium_fw-la if_o there_o be_v no_o gentile_n present_v from_o this_o resolution_n we_o may_v observe_v several_a thing_n to_o our_o purpose_n that_o idolatry_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o reserve_v sovereign_a worship_n as_o due_a only_o to_o he_o for_o the_o congregation_n call_v the_o image_n of_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n a_o idol_n and_o consequent_o the_o act_n of_o adoration_n must_v be_v idolatry_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o clear_a that_o the_o chinese_n especial_o the_o christian_n do_v never_o intend_v to_o give_v to_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n the_o honour_n proper_a to_o the_o supreme_a deity_n and_o bartoli_n have_v at_o large_a prove_v 70._o that_o the_o chineses_n do_v of_o old_a acknowledge_v the_o true_a god_n and_o his_o providence_n over_o the_o world_n and_o that_o their_o prince_n do_v worship_v the_o same_o god_n still_o to_o who_o they_o offer_v sacrifice_n and_o they_o call_v he_o by_o two_o name_n scianti_n which_o signify_v supreme_a monarch_n and_o tienciù_fw-fr lord_n of_o heaven_n and_o as_o he_o tell_v we_o they_o put_v a_o apparent_a difference_n between_o tienciù_fw-fr and_o tienscin_n i._n e._n between_o god_n and_o angel_n and_o say_v that_o the_o power_n of_o forgive_a sin_n belong_v only_o to_o god_n and_o not_o to_o they_o that_o upon_o a_o debate_n among_o the_o missionary_n about_o the_o use_n of_o these_o word_n for_o the_o true_a god_n and_o some_o scruple_n raise_v from_o some_o
misinterpretation_n of_o it_o by_o a_o atheistical_a sect_n among_o they_o they_o be_v satisfy_v by_o plain_a and_o perspicuous_a testimony_n out_o of_o their_o book_n that_o they_o can_v mean_v no_o other_o than_o the_o true_a god_n and_o that_o he_o to_o who_o the_o king_n every_o year_n offer_v sacrifice_n be_v a_o pure_a mind_n free_a from_o all_o mixture_n govern_v all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o to_o he_o all_o the_o act_n of_o sovereign_a worship_n be_v perform_v such_o as_o sacrifice_n vow_n prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n therefore_o the_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n or_o guardian_n angel_n as_o they_o suppose_v they_o must_v be_v of_o a_o inferior_a nature_n and_o yet_o the_o congregation_n of_o the_o cardinal_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o pope_n condemn_v this_o for_o idolatry_n that_o give_v a_o inferior_a worship_n on_o the_o account_n of_o create_a excellency_n when_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v religious_a be_v utter_o unlawful_a among_o christian_n for_o this_o be_v the_o only_a imaginable_a reason_n why_o the_o congregation_n do_v so_o absolute_o condemn_v the_o worship_n of_o confutius_n and_o their_o ancestor_n and_o hurtado_n in_o the_o explication_n of_o this_o decree_n 487._o confess_v that_o the_o chineses_n do_v not_o esteem_n confutius_n as_o a_o god_n but_o only_o look_v on_o he_o as_o a_o holy_a and_o virtuous_a philosopher_n yet_o say_v he_o because_o they_o do_v those_o act_n to_o he_o which_o be_v only_o proper_a to_o god_n they_o commit_v manifest_a idolatry_n in_o it_o for_o say_v he_o they_o who_o give_v to_o a_o creature_n the_o worship_n due_a only_o to_o god_n do_v commit_v idolatry_n and_o from_o hence_o the_o gentile_n who_o acknowledge_v one_o god_n be_v idolater_n because_o they_o give_v to_o the_o creature_n the_o honour_n due_a to_o he_o in_o the_o do_n of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o acknowledgement_n of_o divine_a excellency_n in_o the_o thing_n they_o give_v it_o to_o by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v some_o external_a act_n of_o worship_n so_o proper_a to_o god_n that_o although_o a_o man_n have_v never_o so_o clear_a apprehension_n in_o his_o mind_n of_o the_o supreme_a excellency_n of_o god_n above_o the_o creature_n he_o worship_v yet_o the_o give_v that_o worship_n to_o they_o make_v his_o act_n idolatry_n the_o jesuit_n to_o excuse_v these_o thing_n speak_v very_o high_a thing_n of_o confutius_n and_o of_o his_o admirable_a life_n and_o doctrine_n and_o sure_o not_o without_o great_a reason_n if_o their_o relation_n hold_v true_a as_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o suspect_v they_o but_o the_o more_o confutius_n be_v extol_v the_o worse_o they_o make_v their_o own_o case_n for_o all_o these_o act_n of_o external_a worship_n towards_o he_o be_v condemn_v for_o idolatry_n and_o how_o then_o come_v the_o worship_n of_o ignatius_n loyola_n to_o be_v otherwise_o who_o i_o dare_v say_v never_o be_v so_o great_a a_o philosopher_n nor_o do_v so_o much_o good_a in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o jesuit_n say_v confutius_n do_v but_o at_o last_o they_o will_v have_v all_o these_o honour_n to_o confutius_n to_o be_v only_o civil_a honour_n although_o trigautius_n confess_v 151._o that_o he_o have_v a_o temple_n in_o every_o city_n that_o his_o image_n with_o that_o of_o his_o disciple_n be_v set_v up_o in_o it_o that_o these_o disciple_n be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o sort_n of_o divi_z i._n e._n as_o canonize_v saint_n 10._o that_o bear_v they_o make_v use_v of_o all_o the_o rite_n of_o adoration_n genuflection_n wax-candle_n incense_n oblation_n prayer_n only_o except_v but_o we_o see_v notwithstanding_o all_o their_o pretence_n the_o pope_n and_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n have_v condemn_v they_o as_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n that_o the_o pope_n and_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n be_v not_o of_o t._n g_o be_v mind_n that_o act_n do_v certain_o go_v whither_o they_o be_v intend_v for_o all_o these_o act_n of_o worship_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o person_n to_o the_o secret_a crucifix_n which_o lie_v among_o the_o flower_n upon_o the_o altar_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o in_o their_o opinion_n be_v a_o fit_a object_n of_o worship_n yet_o other_o circumstance_n do_v so_o much_o alter_v the_o nature_n of_o it_o that_o they_o declare_v these_o act_n to_o be_v in_o themselves_o unlawful_a by_o action_n go_v whither_o they_o be_v intend_v i_o do_v not_o mean_v as_o t._n g._n suggest_v that_o the_o physical_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o pass_v to_o the_o object_n whither_o the_o act_n be_v direct_v i._n e._n that_o i_o do_v not_o think_v of_o that_o which_o i_o do_v think_v of_o but_o my_o meaning_n be_v that_o such_o a_o direct_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o give_v a_o moral_a denomination_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n viz._n that_o it_o become_v lawful_a or_o unlawful_a by_o virtue_n of_o such_o a_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o that_o the_o law_n of_o god_n may_v so_o determine_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o act_n of_o worship_n as_o to_o make_v they_o unlawful_a whatever_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v and_o thus_o the_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n here_o resolve_v the_o case_n the_o person_n use_v only_o those_o act_n of_o adoration_n that_o may_v be_v direct_v to_o god_n by_o a_o secret_a intention_n of_o the_o mind_n they_o suppose_v a_o crucifix_n a_o fit_a object_n for_o divine_a worship_n and_o go_v together_o into_o a_o idolatrous_a temple_n and_o use_v all_o the_o external_a equivocal_a act_n as_o t._n g._n call_v they_o which_o the_o rest_n do_v they_o direct_v their_o act_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o intention_n to_o the_o crucifix_n yet_o although_o the_o congregation_n think_v this_o intention_n right_o direct_v they_o condemn_v the_o act_n as_o in_o themselves_o unlawful_a but_o of_o these_o thing_n hereafter_o the_o first_o observation_n be_v sufficient_a to_o my_o present_a purpose_n viz._n to_o show_v that_o according_a to_o the_o present_a sense_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n the_o practice_n of_o idolatry_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o one_o supreme_a god_n from_o the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o east-indies_n 16._o i_o proceed_v to_o that_o of_o the_o tartar_n who_o dominion_n have_v extend_v itself_o over_o that_o vast_a continent_n from_o the_o utmost_a north-east_n part_n to_o the_o border_n of_o europe_n that_o way_n and_o this_o acount_n i_o shall_v give_v from_o the_o least_o suspect_a witness_n in_o this_o matter_n viz._n the_o emissary_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n who_o have_v converse_v most_o among_o they_o and_o make_v it_o their_o design_n to_o understand_v their_o religion_n in_o a._n d._n 1246._o after_o the_o horrible_a devastation_n make_v by_o the_o tartar_n in_o poland_n and_o hungary_n pope_n innocent_a 4._o send_v johannes_n de_fw-fr plano_n carpini_fw-la as_o his_o legate_n or_o nuncio_n to_o they_o 3._o and_o after_o a_o year_n and_o four_o month_n stay_v among_o they_o he_o give_v this_o account_n of_o their_o religion_n unum_fw-la deum_fw-la credunt_fw-la quem_fw-la credunt_fw-la esse_fw-la factorem_fw-la omnium_fw-la visibilium_fw-la &_o invisibilium_fw-la &_o credunt_fw-la eum_fw-la tam_fw-la bonorum_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la mundo_fw-la quam_fw-la poenarum_fw-la esse_fw-la factorem_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la orationibus_fw-la vel_fw-la laudibus_fw-la aut_fw-la ritu_fw-la aliquo_fw-la ipsum_fw-la colunt_fw-la they_o believe_v one_o god_n who_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o all_o thing_n visible_a and_o invisible_a and_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o worldly_a good_n and_o punishment_n and_o yet_o he_o say_v they_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o worhip_n of_o he_o but_o their_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o image_n which_o he_o there_o at_o large_a decribe_n but_o there_o be_v a_o inferior_a deity_n who_o he_o call_v itoga_n paulus_n venetus_n natagay_n which_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v the_o god_n of_o the_o earth_n 47._o and_o he_o they_o worship_v with_o great_a superstition_n and_o beside_o they_o worship_v the_o sun_n moon_n and_o fire_n and_o make_v oblation_n to_o the_o image_n of_o their_o first_o emperor_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v affirm_v by_o vincentius_n bellovacensis_n 74._o after_o he_o lewis_z the_o nine_o of_o france_n send_v william_n de_fw-fr rubruquis_fw-la a_o franciscan_a a._n d._n 1253._o who_o pass_v through_o the_o several_a court_n of_o the_o tartarian_a prince_n and_o give_v a_o exact_a account_n to_o his_o prince_n of_o the_o religion_n he_o find_v among_o they_o in_o the_o conference_n he_o have_v with_o mangu-chan_n who_o be_v then_o emperor_n about_o religion_n the_o emperor_n tell_v he_o 43._o we_o mole_n which_o be_v the_o name_n they_o call_v themselves_o by_o that_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o tribe_n from_o whence_o jingiz-chan_a come_v the_o tartar_n be_v another_o tribe_n but_o better_o know_v to_o the_o european_n we_o say_v he_o believe_v that_o
life_n on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o intercession_n for_o they_o and_o that_o they_o trust_v more_o to_o they_o especial_o to_o the_o bless_a virgin_n than_o to_o christ_n himself_o and_o that_o what_o interpretation_n soever_o some_o man_n put_v upon_o those_o title_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o heaven_n mother_n of_o mercy_n etc._n etc._n the_o common_a people_n do_v not_o understand_v they_o according_a to_o their_o sense_n of_o they_o nay_o erasmus_n go_v far_o 2._o say_v that_o their_o very_a preacher_n worship_v the_o bless_a virgin_n with_o more_o religion_n or_o devotion_n than_o they_o do_v christ_n himself_o or_o his_o holy_a spirit_n call_v she_o the_o mother_n of_o grace_n by_o all_o which_o we_o see_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o divine_a worship_n be_v not_o so_o clear_o state_v by_o they_o but_o that_o the_o more_o ingenuous_a man_n who_o have_v live_v and_o die_v in_o the_o communion_n of_o that_o church_n have_v think_v not_o only_o the_o people_n but_o the_o teacher_n very_o much_o to_o blame_v in_o it_o 19_o 2._o my_o business_n now_o be_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o father_n in_o this_o dispute_n about_o the_o notion_n of_o divine_a worship_n not_o to_o handle_v particular_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o father_n in_o dispute_n between_o we_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o question_n of_o invocation_n of_o saint_n but_o to_o show_v that_o they_o go_v upon_o the_o same_o principle_n i_o have_v here_o lay_v down_o in_o the_o distinction_n between_o the_o honour_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o they_o and_o while_o they_o speak_v most_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o saint_n they_o deny_v any_o religious_a worship_n to_o be_v perform_v to_o they_o origen_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n against_o celsus_n 10._o make_v that_o to_o be_v the_o property_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n that_o god_n only_o be_v to_o be_v worship_v but_o that_o other_o may_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d worthy_a of_o honour_n but_o not_o of_o worship_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o speak_v as_o plain_o as_o word_n can_v express_v his_o meaning_n although_o say_v he_o we_o shall_v believe_v that_o 416._o angel_n be_v set_v over_o these_o thing_n below_o yet_o we_o only_o praise_v and_o magnify_v they_o but_o all_o our_o prayer_n be_v only_o to_o be_v make_v to_o god_n and_o not_o to_o any_o angel_n and_o only_o jesus_n christ_n be_v to_o offer_v up_o our_o prayer_n to_o god_n 233._o and_o lest_o any_o shall_v imagine_v he_o mean_v only_o some_o kind_n of_o prayer_n he_o say_v express_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d all_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n and_o intercession_n 238._o and_o say_v that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o pray_v to_o they_o who_o pray_v for_o we_o but_o now_o what_o say_v t._n g._n to_o these_o place_n which_o except_v the_o first_o i_o have_v object_v against_o the_o practice_n of_o invocation_n of_o saint_n and_o angel_n in_o my_o former_a discourse_n why_o true_o he_o say_v 361._o that_o origen_n meaning_n be_v partly_o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o pray_v to_o they_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o we_o do_v to_o god_n but_o we_o may_v pray_v to_o they_o after_o another_o manner_n but_o be_v that_o inferior_a sort_n of_o prayer_n prayer_n or_o not_o when_o we_o desire_v they_o to_o pray_v for_o we_o be_v not_o that_o desire_v their_o intercession_n for_o we_o but_o origen_n deny_v that_o any_o prayer_n be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o they_o or_o any_o one_o to_o be_v pray_v to_o although_o it_o be_v only_o to_o intercede_v with_o god_n for_o we_o but_o only_o the_o son_n of_o god_n i_o remember_v a_o answer_n of_o a_o devout_a servant_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n much_o like_o this_o of_o t._n g._n for_o when_o it_o be_v object_v that_o she_o can_v not_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o redemption_n for_o mankind_n because_o it_o be_v say_v isa._n 63.3_o i_o have_v tread_v the_o wine-press_n alone_o and_o of_o the_o people_n there_o be_v no_o man_n with_o i_o true_o say_v he_o there_o be_v no_o man_n with_o thou_o 2._o but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o woman_n for_o all_o that_o so_o do_v t._n g._n deal_v with_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o father_n let_v they_o be_v never_o so_o express_v against_o all_o sort_n of_o prayer_n and_o invocation_n they_o hold_v only_o of_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o prayer_n but_o there_o may_v be_v another_o and_o inferior_a sort_n notwithstanding_o but_o be_v there_o any_o sort_n that_o be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o all_o and_o that_o origen_n can_v be_v understand_v in_o these_o passage_n of_o such_o prayer_n only_o as_o suppose_v the_o supreme_a excellency_n in_o god_n most_o evident_o appear_v by_o the_o dispute_n between_o celsus_n and_o he_o which_o be_v not_o about_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n but_o of_o inferior_a spirit_n and_o minister_n to_o he_o as_o have_v be_v full_o prove_v already_o the_o church_n of_o philomelium_n in_o that_o noble_a testimony_n concern_v the_o martyrdom_n of_o polycarp_n 15._o make_v the_o same_o distinction_n between_o honour_n and_o worship_n for_o they_o utter_o deny_v give_v any_o worship_n to_o a_o creature_n as_o inconsistent_a with_o christianity_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o confess_v the_o honour_n and_o esteem_v they_o have_v for_o the_o martyr_n which_o they_o express_v by_o meeting_n at_o the_o place_n of_o their_o martyrdom_n keep_v their_o anniversary_n day_n and_o recommend_v their_o example_n to_o the_o imitation_n of_o other_o in_o the_o former_a discourse_n i_o produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o justin_n martyr_n theophilus_n antiochenus_fw-la and_o mention_v many_o other_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n viz._n that_o all_o religious_a worship_n be_v due_a only_o to_o god_n and_o with_o this_o double_a caution_n to_o prevent_v cavil_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v without_o make_v any_o distinction_n of_o absolute_a and_o relative_a worship_n which_o they_o must_v have_v be_v drive_v to_o in_o case_n they_o have_v give_v religious_a worship_n to_o any_o beside_o 2._o that_o when_o the_o christian_n refuse_v to_o give_v adoration_n to_o the_o emperor_n it_o can_v not_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o adoration_n proper_a to_o the_o supreme_a god_n for_o none_o can_v be_v so_o senseless_a to_o imagine_v they_o require_v that_o but_o such_o kind_n of_o religious_a worship_n as_o they_o give_v to_o the_o image_n of_o their_o go_n to_o all_o this_o t._n g._n reply_n 340._o i._o that_o these_o testimony_n be_v impertinent_a because_o they_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o of_o that_o divine_a worship_n which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n alone_o and_o not_o of_o the_o inferior_a worship_n which_o belong_v to_o saint_n or_o angel_n may_v he_o not_o as_o well_o have_v say_v that_o they_o prove_v that_o no_o man_n may_v be_v worship_v but_o a_o woman_n may_v for_o the_o force_n of_o the_o testimony_n do_v not_o lie_v mere_o in_o this_o that_o they_o attribute_v divine_a worship_n only_o to_o god_n but_o that_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o most_o general_a term_n which_o signify_v worship_n without_o any_o distinction_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o kind_n of_o that_o worship_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v on_o a_o religious_a account_n for_o no_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n will_v have_v write_v as_o they_o do_v if_o they_o have_v believe_v that_o some_o sort_n of_o religious_a worship_n be_v lawful_a to_o be_v give_v and_o another_o not_o do_v t._n g._n think_v that_o he_o shall_v ever_o escape_v censure_n in_o his_o church_n if_o he_o shall_v say_v peremptory_o that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o give_v any_o kind_n of_o religious_a worship_n to_o a_o creature_n when_o the_o very_a indices_fw-la of_o the_o father_n can_v escape_v the_o index_n expurgatorius_fw-la for_o blab_a so_o great_a a_o truth_n no_o we_o shall_v have_v t._n g._n present_o out_o with_o his_o distinction_n worship_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n supreme_a call_v latria_n inferior_a call_v dulia_n religious_a may_v be_v take_v in_o two_o sense_n 1._o that_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o virtue_n of_o religion_n and_o that_o be_v proper_a to_o god_n 2._o that_o which_o tend_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o religion_n and_o that_o may_v be_v give_v to_o creature_n and_o thus_o will_v the_o father_n have_v write_v if_o they_o have_v ever_o look_v over_o aristotle_n threshold_n and_o be_v of_o t._n g_n mind_n and_o therefore_o my_o argument_n which_o proceed_v upon_o the_o general_a term_n of_o the_o father_n without_o intimate_v any_o such_o distinction_n do_v hold_v good_a that_o either_o they_o do_v not_o write_v like_o understand_a man_n or_o they_o know_v no_o such_o distinction_n as_o these_o 2._o that_o although_o justin_n martyr_n and_o theophilus_n deny_v divine_a worship_n to_o be_v give_v to_o emperor_n yet_o they_o both_o imply_v 342._o that_o lawful_a worship_n
together_o sacris_fw-la &_o sacrificiis_fw-la sometime_o religione_fw-la &_o sacris_fw-la 1._o sometime_o religionis_fw-la ritibus_fw-la sometime_o religionis_fw-la obsequio_fw-la 4._o by_o all_o which_o he_o understand_v the_o same_o thing_n viz._n the_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n which_o for_o distinction_n sake_n he_o call_v latria_n as_o that_o service_n or_o worship_v that_o man_n owe_v to_o one_o another_o he_o say_v be_v call_v by_o another_o name_n and_o i_o confess_v i_o can_v find_v s._n austin_n apply_v the_o term_n of_o dulia_n to_o any_o service_n we_o owe_v to_o saint_n or_o angel_n in_o heaven_n 55._o but_o he_o avoid_v the_o term_n of_o service_n and_o deny_v it_o be_v due_a to_o they_o and_o only_o call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o love_n and_o fellowship_n with_o they_o and_o therefore_o martinus_n peresius_n have_v good_a reason_n to_o quarrel_v with_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n dulia_fw-la 7._o because_o we_o be_v only_a fellow_n servant_n with_o they_o and_o bellarmin_n give_v he_o no_o sufficient_a answer_n by_o bring_v that_o place_n gal._n 5._o serve_v one_o another_o in_o love_n for_o that_o only_o relate_v to_o person_n in_o equal_a condition_n where_o the_o mutual_a office_n may_v be_v alike_o which_o can_v be_v suppose_v in_o this_o case_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o say_v 61._o that_o dulia_n be_v use_v by_o s._n austin_n as_o a_o term_n express_v the_o service_n we_o owe_v to_o god_n as_o our_o lord_n but_o t._n g._n think_v he_o have_v run_v i_o down_o 386._o by_o produce_v the_o forego_n place_n which_o he_o say_v i_o purposely_o conceal_v from_o the_o reader_n for_o fear_v he_o may_v infer_v that_o if_o some_o degree_n of_o the_o service_n call_v dulia_n may_v be_v give_v by_o servant_n to_o their_o master_n sure_o a_o high_a degree_n of_o it_o may_v be_v give_v to_o holy_a angel_n very_o fine_o argue_v and_o as_o much_o against_o s._n augustine_n sense_n as_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o say_v in_o plain_a term_n those_o angel_n that_o require_v service_n from_o we_o be_v devil_n for_o this_o he_o make_v the_o character_n of_o they_o that_o they_o do_v invite_v we_o ut_fw-la sibi_fw-la serviamus_fw-la but_o say_v he_o we_o honour_v good_a angel_n by_o love_n and_o not_o by_o service_n but_o t._n g._n be_v not_o more_o mistake_v in_o s._n augustine_n sense_n of_o dulia_n than_o he_o be_v about_o latria_n for_o he_o say_v that_o he_o understand_v it_o of_o sacrifice_n and_o that_o when_o he_o say_v bless_v spirit_n be_v not_o willing_a we_o shall_v sacra_fw-la facere_fw-la it_o ought_v not_o be_v render_v equivocal_o as_o it_o be_v by_o i_o to_o perform_v any_o sacred_a office_n but_o to_o dedicate_v and_o sacrifice_v to_o they_o or_o consecrate_v ourselves_o or_o any_o thing_n of_o we_o to_o they_o by_o the_o rite_n of_o religion_n by_o which_o he_o say_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o worship_n which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n alone_o that_o be_v of_o such_o dedication_n and_o consecration_n as_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o heathen_n to_o their_o daemon_n as_o go_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o i_o grant_v that_o s._n austin_n speak_v of_o the_o worship_n due_a to_o god_n alone_o and_o of_o those_o rite_n of_o religious_a worship_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o heathen_n to_o their_o god_n but_o the_o question_n be_v what_o he_o understand_v by_o those_o religious_a rite_n whether_o only_a dedication_n and_o sacrifice_n and_o consecration_n or_o other_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n for_o t._n g._n can_v be_v so_o ignorant_a as_o not_o to_o know_v that_o adoration_n and_o prayer_n be_v as_o constant_a as_o solemn_a as_o proper_a act_n of_o religious_a worship_n both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o heathen_a custom_n as_o those_o he_o mention_n thence_o orandi_fw-la causa_fw-la fanum_fw-la adire_fw-la in_o cicero_n 6._o deos_fw-la immortales_fw-la precari_fw-la venerari_fw-la atque_fw-la implorare_fw-la debetis_fw-la ut_fw-la urbem_fw-la defendant_n catil_n and_o scarce_o any_o greek_a or_o latin_a writer_n that_o mention_n their_o religious_a rite_n but_o under_o they_o they_o take_v notice_n of_o adoration_n and_o prayer_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o some_o of_o they_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o form_n of_o they_o and_o the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o invocation_n in_o their_o litany_n for_o the_o word_n be_v as_o old_a as_o homer_n wherein_o they_o invocate_v their_o god_n in_o order_n that_o they_o will_v be_v favourable_a and_o propitious_a to_o they_o and_o pliny_n say_v in_o general_a 2._o that_o no_o sacrifice_n be_v offer_v without_o prayer_n and_o macrobius_n 9_o servius_n 7._o and_o arnobius_n say_v 3._o they_o begin_v their_o invocation_n with_o janus_n not_o because_o they_o look_v on_o he_o as_o chief_a but_o as_o a_o mediator_n who_o be_v to_o carry_v up_o their_o prayer_n to_o the_o superior_a power_n and_o they_o end_v in_o vesta_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o that_o these_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o sacra_fw-la be_v not_o only_o manifest_v from_o their_o conjunction_n with_o sacrifice_n but_o from_o the_o old_a form_n of_o obsecration_n in_o which_o they_o use_v ob_fw-la vos_fw-la sacro_fw-la for_o obsecro_fw-la i_o will_v now_o understand_v from_o t._n g._n why_o he_o think_v that_o s._n austin_n shall_v purposely_o leave_v out_o in_o these_o word_n adoration_n and_o invocation_n which_o be_v by_o all_o nation_n look_v on_o as_o some_o of_o the_o proper_a act_n of_o religious_a worship_n especial_o when_o he_o mention_n both_o these_o before_o and_o after_o for_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o dispute_n be_v about_o the_o intercession_n of_o create_a spirit_n and_o man_n address_n to_o they_o and_o afterward_o he_o join_v adoration_n together_o with_o sacrifice_n as_o a_o thing_n peculiar_a to_o god_n 19_o putaverunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la deferendum_fw-la angelis_n honorem_fw-la vel_fw-la adorando_fw-la vel_fw-la sacrificando_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o a_o place_n already_o cite_v if_o this_o be_v not_o shut_v one_o eye_n against_o noonday_n light_n it_o be_v a_o draw_v a_o curtain_n before_o it_o lest_o it_o grow_v too_o hot_a but_o for_o all_o this_o t._n g._n be_v very_o confident_a 431._o that_o s._n austin_n be_v for_o the_o perform_v religious_a worship_n to_o martyr_n because_o he_o say_v express_o that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o christian_a people_n in_o his_o time_n to_o celebrate_v with_o religious_a solemnity_n the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n and_o very_o kind_o after_o his_o mode_n he_o charge_v i_o with_o corrupt_v the_o word_n of_o s._n austin_n by_o translate_n they_o thus_o that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o his_o time_n to_o have_v their_o religious_a assembly_n at_o the_o sepulcher_n or_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o translate_v as_o t._n g._n know_v well_o enough_o by_o the_o character_n but_o ill_o will_v never_o speak_v well_o but_o i_o still_o say_v and_o stand_v to_o it_o that_o this_o be_v his_o sense_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o consider_v the_o design_n of_o his_o word_n faustus_n the_o manichean_a have_v charge_v the_o african_a christian_n with_o idolatry_n in_o the_o honour_n they_o give_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n 21._o s._n austin_n answer_v that_o they_o do_v so_o celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o martyr_n that_o they_o erect_v no_o altar_n to_o any_o martyr_n but_o to_o the_o god_n of_o martyr_n although_o it_o be_v for_o their_o memory_n for_o who_o of_o the_o bishop_n or_o priest_n that_o officiate_n at_o the_o altar_n in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o sepulcher_n ever_o say_v we_o offer_v to_o thou_o peter_n or_o paul_n or_o cyprian_a but_o that_o which_o be_v offer_v be_v offer_v to_o god_n who_o crown_v the_o martyr_n but_o it_o be_v do_v at_o their_o sepulcher_n who_o he_o have_v crown_v that_o by_o the_o very_a place_n our_o affection_n may_v be_v raise_v and_o our_o love_n quicken_v both_o to_o those_o who_o we_o may_v imitate_v and_o to_o he_o by_o who_o we_o be_v enable_v to_o do_v it_o now_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o part_n of_o religious_a worship_n be_v here_o perform_v to_o the_o martyr_n if_o the_o christian_a sacrifice_n that_o be_v idolatry_n according_a to_o t._n g._n and_o will_v have_v justify_v faustus_n to_o purpose_n but_o s._n austin_n utter_o deny_v this_o to_o be_v perform_v to_o they_o all_o that_o the_o martyr_n be_v concern_v in_o as_o to_o the_o religious_a solemnity_n be_v no_o more_o than_o that_o the_o office_n of_o religion_n be_v perform_v at_o their_o sepulcher_n this_o be_v a_o honour_n to_o they_o i_o grant_v but_o no_o part_n of_o religious_a worship_n and_o although_o the_o design_n of_o the_o worship_n be_v only_o to_o honour_n god_n yet_o the_o place_n of_o do_v it_o be_v out_o of_o honour_n to_o the_o
little_a too_o hasty_a to_o be_v so_o soon_o angry_a at_o the_o sight_n of_o they_o for_o upon_o this_o ground_n his_o spirit_n may_v be_v stir_v within_o he_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o altar_n and_o devotion_n in_o rome_n as_o well_o as_o athens_n but_o s._n paul_n do_v not_o wait_v for_o any_o decree_n of_o the_o areopagus_n in_o this_o matter_n he_o see_v enough_o to_o inflame_v his_o zeal_n in_o their_o practice_n and_o public_a worship_n without_o look_v after_o any_o distinction_n of_o their_o sophister_n and_o school-divines_a although_o there_o be_v many_o upon_o the_o place_n ready_a to_o justify_v every_o rite_n of_o their_o worship_n and_o that_o will_v not_o let_v go_v one_o tittle_n of_o their_o gross_a superstition_n for_o all_o the_o truth_n and_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n they_o can_v find_v out_o as_o many_o analogy_n and_o metaphorical_a signification_n as_o other_o man_n and_o think_v it_o as_o little_a disparagement_n to_o the_o deity_n to_o worship_v he_o under_o the_o several_a representation_n of_o minerva_n ceres_n or_o bacchus_n when_o by_o these_o they_o understand_v the_o several_a effect_n of_o god_n wisdom_n and_o goodness_n in_o give_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o other_o can_n in_o represent_v he_o as_o a_o old_a man_n with_o a_o pope_n crown_n on_o his_o head_n or_o with_o one_o head_n and_o three_o face_n as_o some_o that_o be_v no_o athenian_n have_v do_v for_o god_n sake_n which_o of_o the_o two_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o beget_v in_o man_n mind_n such_o apprehension_n of_o god_n that_o he_o be_v like_a to_o man_n those_o who_o make_v and_o expose_v such_o image_n of_o the_o god_n they_o worship_v or_o such_o who_o make_v a_o inscription_n upon_o a_o altar_n to_o the_o unknown_a god_n and_o if_o he_o be_v unknown_a how_o come_v they_o to_o know_v he_o to_o be_v so_o like_o themselves_o what_o need_n s._n paul_n take_v such_o pain_n to_o drive_v a_o conceit_n out_o of_o their_o head_n which_o for_o all_o that_o we_o see_v never_o enter_v into_o they_o if_o indeed_o s._n paul_n have_v see_v over_o that_o altar_n a_o grave_a image_n of_o a_o man_n in_o pontifical_a robe_n with_o a_o hoary_a head_n a_o long_a beard_n and_o a_o triple_a crown_n he_o will_v probable_o have_v ask_v they_o how_o the_o athenian_n that_o be_v witty_a man_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o such_o a_o absurdity_n to_o call_v that_o a_o altar_n to_o the_o unknown_a god_n when_o they_o be_v so_o familiar_o acquaint_v with_o he_o as_o to_o know_v the_o very_a cut_v of_o his_o beard_n and_o fashion_n of_o his_o crown_n but_o as_o superstitious_a as_o the_o athenian_n be_v they_o be_v not_o so_o ridiculous_a but_o yet_o because_o they_o suppose_v this_o god_n may_v be_v please_v with_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o idol_n that_o be_v not_o only_o in_o the_o temple_n but_o in_o the_o street_n and_o forum_n of_o athens_n where_o thucydides_n say_v 6._o there_o be_v twelve_o altar_n therefore_o s._n paul_n discourse_v of_o this_o god_n after_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o to_o show_v how_o unsuitable_a such_o a_o way_n of_o worship_n be_v to_o his_o nature_n and_o perfection_n 1._o from_o his_o infinite_a power_n v_o 24_o 25._o god_n that_o make_v the_o world_n and_o all_o thing_n in_o it_o see_v that_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n dwell_v not_o in_o temple_n make_v with_o hand_n neither_o be_v worship_v with_o man_n hand_n can_v any_o thing_n be_v plain_a than_o that_o here_o s._n paul_n dispute_v against_o their_o worship_n and_o not_o their_o opinion_n he_o find_v no_o fault_n with_o their_o opinion_n about_o the_o true_a god_n but_o only_o that_o it_o be_v not_o clear_a and_o distinct_a enough_o in_o that_o he_o be_v too_o much_o the_o unknown_a god_n among_o they_o he_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o one_o supreme_a god_n creator_n of_o the_o world_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o they_o and_o from_o the_o consideration_n of_o that_o infinite_a power_n of_o he_o he_o show_v how_o unreasonable_a it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o circumscribe_v he_o within_o their_o temple_n or_o to_o worship_v he_o by_o their_o image_n for_o what_o be_v all_o these_o image_n of_o you_o which_o you_o be_v so_o fond_a of_o and_o so_o unwilling_a to_o part_v with_o although_o they_o be_v the_o statue_n of_o phidias_n or_o polycletus_n or_o the_o picture_n of_o xeux_n or_o apelles_n yet_o still_o they_o be_v but_o the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n and_o what_o be_v these_o to_o the_o heaven_n and_o the_o earth_n which_o he_o have_v make_v if_o any_o image_n deserve_v worship_n it_o be_v one_o of_o god_n make_v and_o not_o of_o your_o own_o but_o since_o no_o image_n can_v represent_v the_o infinite_a perfection_n of_o the_o great_a creator_n never_o think_v to_o honour_v he_o by_o your_o foolish_a puppet_n and_o baby_n of_o dirt_n and_o day_n this_o be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o apostle_n argument_n but_o what_o do_v this_o signify_v to_o their_o think_v the_o divinity_n to_o be_v like_o themselves_o for_o whether_o god_n be_v like_a or_o unlike_a to_o their_o image_n yet_o still_o they_o be_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n as_o a_o picture_n be_v still_o the_o work_n of_o the_o painter_n although_o never_o so_o unlike_o the_o person_n for_o who_o it_o be_v intend_v but_o s._n paul_n condemn_v they_o for_o worship_v god_n with_o the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n i._n e._n with_o image_n and_o statue_n as_o be_v infinite_o below_o the_o greatness_n of_o that_o divine_a power_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o which_o we_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o he_o 2._o from_o his_o infinite_a perfection_n manifest_v by_o his_o selfsufficiency_n need_v nothing_o v_o 25._o and_o from_o his_o communicate_v to_o his_o creature_n what_o be_v needful_a for_o they_o see_v he_o give_v to_o all_o life_n and_o breath_n and_o all_o thing_n now_o what_o can_v there_o be_v more_o unsuitable_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o such_o a_o be_v than_o to_o be_v worship_v by_o such_o dull_a senseless_a contemptible_a piece_n of_o earth_n which_o have_v not_o in_o they_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o mean_a animal_n to_o who_o god_n have_v give_v life_n and_o breath_n that_o be_v so_o far_o from_o represent_v the_o perfection_n and_o selfsufficiency_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o able_a to_o help_v themselves_o but_o when_o by_o the_o help_n of_o wedge_n and_o beetle_n a_o image_n be_v cleave_v out_o of_o the_o trunk_n of_o some_o well_o grow_v tree_n that_o little_o dream_v of_o the_o honour_n which_o be_v like_a to_o come_v to_o the_o dull_a part_n about_o it_o after_o it_o shall_v pass_v through_o the_o several_a refining_n of_o the_o carpenter_n axe_n who_o blow_n it_o endure_v with_o admirable_a patience_n and_o of_o the_o painter_n pencil_n who_o miniature_n add_v much_o beauty_n and_o glory_n to_o it_o yet_o after_o all_o the_o skill_n of_o artificer_n to_o set_v forth_o such_o a_o divine_a block_n it_o can_v one_o moment_n secure_v itself_o from_o be_v eat_v by_o worm_n or_o defile_v by_o bird_n or_o cut_v in_o piece_n by_o axe_n or_o if_o any_o of_o these_o sail_n from_o decay_v through_o mere_a stand_n or_o suppose_v this_o worshipful_a idol_n be_v make_v of_o a_o hard_a substance_n and_o after_o its_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o saw_v and_o carve_v and_o polish_a and_o with_o much_o ado_n bring_v into_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o man_n and_o a_o rude_a symbol_n of_o the_o deity_n and_o set_v up_o for_o the_o adoration_n of_o mankind_n yet_o still_o it_o want_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v above_o the_o utmost_a power_n of_o man_n but_o be_v give_v to_o the_o least_o mite_n viz._n life_n and_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o a_o admirable_a contrivance_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o these_o yet_o such_o mean_a and_o pitiful_a thing_n as_o these_o will_v the_o folly_n of_o mankind_n find_v out_o to_o represent_v the_o great_a and_o the_o most_o perfect_a be_v in_o the_o world_n judge_v now_o whether_o thing_n that_o want_v life_n and_o breath_n and_o all_o thing_n be_v fit_a mean_n whereby_o to_o worship_v he_o who_o give_v all_o these_o thing_n to_o his_o creature_n or_o whether_o those_o thing_n which_o need_v the_o art_n of_o man_n to_o make_v they_o and_o his_o continual_a care_n to_o preserve_v they_o be_v fit_a to_o represent_v that_o be_v which_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o nothing_o 3._o from_o his_o infinite_a presence_n v_o 27_o 28._o that_o they_o shall_v seek_v the_o lord_n if_o haply_o they_o may_v feel_v after_o he_o and_o find_v he_o though_o he_o be_v not_o far_o from_o every_o one_o of_o we_o for_o in_o he_o we_o live_v and_o move_v and_o have_v our_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o plausible_a argument_n of_o
they_o he_o so_o much_o set_v forth_o the_o divinity_n of_o the_o star_n and_o the_o heaven_n he_o must_v either_o contradict_v himself_o or_o attribute_v only_o a_o inferior_a divinity_n to_o they_o and_o that_o he_o do_v not_o speak_v so_o clear_o of_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n because_o he_o look_v on_o he_o as_o incomprehensible_a and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o so_o well_o know_v in_o what_o way_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o worship_v he_o 5._o however_o he_o invocate_v he_o in_o several_a place_n especial_o when_o he_o be_v to_o speak_v concern_v the_o god_n and_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o hermias_n erastus_n and_o coriscus_n which_o he_o write_v when_o he_o be_v grow_v old_a he_o call_v to_o witness_v the_o god_n over_o all_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o time_n and_o father_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o cause_n of_o thing_n but_o as_o to_o the_o public_a manner_n of_o worship_n he_o say_v that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o teach_v unless_o god_n himself_o direct_v he_o he_o far_o show_v that_o notwithstanding_o plato_n speak_v so_o much_o and_o so_o well_o concern_v the_o true_a god_n serran_n 6._o yet_o he_o attribute_v the_o title_n of_o divinity_n to_o several_a rank_n of_o spirit_n to_o the_o heaven_n the_o sea_n to_o the_o world_n to_o zamolxis_n to_o mercurius_n trismegistus_n and_o to_o good_a man_n in_o general_a to_o who_o he_o command_v sacrifice_n and_o other_o act_n of_o worship_n to_o be_v perform_v quoth_v in_o religione_fw-la nostra_fw-la justissimè_fw-la fit_a sanctis_fw-la &_o divis_n which_o be_v with_o great_a reason_n do_v among_o we_o to_o saint_n and_o deify_v man_n i_o now_o appeal_v to_o t._n g._n whether_o aug._n steuchus_n do_v not_o bring_v this_o matter_n very_a home_o to_o they_o when_o he_o say_v 11._o that_o they_o either_o worship_v angel_n so_o he_o say_v philo_n render_v their_o daemon_n or_o saint_n as_o they_o very_o believe_v and_o suppose_v the_o honour_n of_o these_o be_v very_o well_o please_v to_o the_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o constant_o acknowledge_v as_o he_o at_o large_a prove_v not_o only_o concern_v plato_n but_o aristotle_n and_o all_o the_o philosopher_n of_o any_o reputation_n and_o he_o say_v that_o socrates_n in_o plato_n not_o only_o confess_v the_o true_a god_n 12._o but_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v worship_v and_o observe_v by_o man_n and_o that_o for_o his_o sake_n man_n ought_v never_o to_o forsake_v the_o way_n of_o righteousness_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v rather_o to_o follow_v god_n than_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o friend_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o can_v be_v better_a render_v than_o in_o the_o apostle_n word_n it_o be_v better_a to_o obey_v god_n than_o man_n it_o will_v be_v endless_a to_o repeat_v the_o place_n wherein_o he_o show_v at_o large_a that_o plato_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o philosopher_n do_v acknowledge_v the_o unity_n power_n wisdom_n goodness_n and_o providence_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o after_o all_o these_o acknowledgement_n be_v it_o possible_a to_o conceive_v that_o they_o shall_v never_o intend_v to_o refer_v the_o honour_n they_o give_v to_o inferior_a deity_n and_o their_o image_n to_o this_o supreme_a god_n nay_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a say_v some_o they_o shall_v do_v otherwise_o since_o they_o believe_v all_o the_o other_o deity_n they_o worship_v to_o be_v create_v and_o dependent_a being_n but_o i_o need_v not_o make_v use_n of_o such_o a_o way_n of_o prove_v it_o paulus_n benius_n eugubinus_n have_v make_v it_o appear_v 213._o he_o say_v that_o according_a to_o plato_n the_o supreme_a god_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v after_o a_o singular_a and_o peculiar_a manner_n and_o he_o give_v this_o account_n of_o the_o platonic_a principle_n of_o divine_a worship_n as_o to_o inferior_a deity_n 1._o that_o plato_n god_n be_v no_o other_o than_o our_o angel_n and_o that_o he_o set_v god_n the_o maker_n of_o they_o at_o a_o mighty_a distance_n from_o they_o 2._o that_o when_o he_o speak_v so_o much_o of_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o heavenly_a body_n he_o do_v not_o thereby_o intend_v the_o worship_n shall_v be_v give_v so_o much_o to_o the_o body_n as_o to_o those_o bless_a mind_n that_o move_v they_o yea_o say_v he_o to_o they_o proper_o and_o precise_o and_o so_o that_o they_o be_v remove_v no_o honour_n or_o worship_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o body_n themselves_o which_o certain_o be_v no_o more_o idolatry_n on_o this_o supposition_n than_o adoration_n of_o the_o host_n be_v upon_o one_o far_o more_o extravagant_a but_o he_o say_v by_o one_o place_n in_o plato_n epinomis_n it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o he_o intend_v the_o star_n shall_v be_v worship_v otherwise_o than_o as_o image_n of_o the_o god_n and_o therefore_o say_v he_o very_o ingenuous_o 217._o plato_n do_v scarce_o at_o all_o differ_v unless_o in_o word_n from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o this_o matter_n 3._o that_o plato_n do_v put_v a_o difference_n in_o the_o nature_n and_o kind_n of_o the_o worship_n which_o he_o give_v to_o inferior_a deity_n and_o that_o which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o difference_n as_o be_v make_v among_o they_o and_o that_o when_o he_o acknowledge_v they_o to_o be_v create_v by_o he_o he_o can_v not_o give_v sovereign_a worship_n to_o they_o 4._o 219._o that_o when_o plato_n give_v worship_n to_o daemon_n the_o difference_n be_v only_o about_o word_n because_o by_o daemon_n he_o understand_v a_o inferior_a order_n of_o angel_n who_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v good_a and_o holy_a and_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o mankind_n the_o only_a difference_n then_o that_o this_o learned_a man_n can_v find_v worth_a take_a notice_n of_o between_o plato_n worship_n and_o they_o be_v this_o that_o they_o worship_v those_o for_o saint_n and_o deify_v man_n and_o the_o image_n of_o such_o who_o be_v not_o true_o saint_n not_o be_v canonize_v by_o the_o pope_n but_o if_o they_o have_v be_v such_o 220._o he_o than_o confess_v that_o they_o do_v nothing_o amiss_o in_o the_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o they_o or_o their_o image_n alioquin_fw-la say_v he_o ea_fw-la cultus_fw-la venerationisque_fw-la ratio_fw-la cum_fw-la nostra_fw-la magnopere_fw-la congrueret_fw-la so_o that_o all_o the_o dispute_n come_v to_o this_o whether_o mercurius_n trismegistus_n be_v not_o as_o good_a a_o saint_n as_o thomas_n becket_n and_o as_o much_o deserve_v to_o be_v worship_v or_o socrates_n as_o ignatius_n loyola_n not_o whether_o we_o account_v they_o so_o but_o whether_o they_o upon_o their_o supposition_n of_o their_o excellency_n and_o virtue_n may_v not_o as_o innocent_o worship_v they_o as_o the_o papist_n do_v the_o other_o p._n lescalopier_n a_o late_a jesuit_n say_v 51._o that_o plato_n make_v so_o palpable_a a_o distinction_n between_o the_o supreme_a god_n maker_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o other_o deity_n that_o no_o one_o but_o a_o epicurean_a backbiter_n can_v deny_v that_o plato_n do_v open_o and_o constant_o assert_v one_o god_n and_o that_o he_o do_v not_o give_v equal_a honour_n to_o any_o as_o he_o do_v to_o he_o and_o deliver_v this_o as_o the_o substance_n of_o his_o opinion_n unum_n deum_fw-la imprimis_fw-la adorandum_fw-la cujus_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la cetera_fw-la numina_fw-la colenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la one_o god_n to_o have_v sovereign_a worship_n give_v he_o and_o other_o to_o have_v a_o relative_a and_o inferior_a worship_n and_o now_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v bring_v this_o matter_n home_o to_o t._n g._n and_o make_v it_o appear_v from_o their_o own_o writer_n that_o these_o philosopher_n go_v upon_o the_o same_o principle_n of_o divine_a worship_n that_o they_o do_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n the_o only_a appearance_n of_o difference_n be_v about_o the_o worship_n of_o deify_v man_n 13._o and_o that_o not_o as_o to_o the_o nature_n and_o kind_n of_o the_o worship_n but_o only_o as_o to_o the_o person_n and_o yet_o as_o to_o this_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v 1._o that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o mistake_n such_o a_o one_o as_o many_o may_v be_v guilty_a of_o in_o the_o roman_a church_n who_o it_o be_v possible_a may_v worship_v those_o for_o saint_n in_o heaven_n who_o be_v in_o a_o worse_a place_n 2._o many_o of_o those_o worship_v by_o the_o heathen_n be_v confess_v to_o have_v be_v good_a man_n so_o campanella_n confess_v of_o janus_n 18._o who_o he_o take_v to_o be_v noah_n and_o he_o say_v deserve_v to_o be_v worship_v as_o well_o as_o moses_n and_o peter_n and_o paul_n and_o the_o prophet_n and_o he_o say_v far_a that_o many_o wise_a and_o virtuous_a man_n be_v worship_v by_o the_o heathen_n who_o do_v not_o look_v on_o they_o as_o essential_o go_n thus_o many_o learned_a man_n have_v show_v that_o the_o veneration_n of_o adam_n and_o eve_n of_o noah_n
express_o to_o the_o contrary_n have_v it_o not_o become_v he_o either_o to_o have_v answer_v these_o testimony_n or_o not_o to_o have_v assert_v that_o which_o these_o testimony_n most_o full_o and_o clear_o deny_v but_o he_o be_v content_a to_o take_v they_o upon_o my_o word_n i_o thank_v he_o for_o his_o kindness_n in_o it_o but_o do_v he_o take_v they_o as_o true_a or_o false_a if_o as_o true_a than_o the_o heathen_n do_v not_o worship_v their_o image_n as_o god_n which_o he_o yet_o say_v they_o do_v if_o he_o take_v they_o as_o false_a when_o i_o quote_v they_o as_o true_a the_o kindness_n be_v very_o extraordinary_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v if_o he_o have_v produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o bellarmin_n vasquez_n suarez_n valentia_n and_o other_o to_o show_v that_o the_o papist_n do_v not_o take_v their_o image_n for_o god_n and_o i_o shall_v say_v i_o take_v the_o testimony_n upon_o his_o word_n and_o yet_o assert_v the_o direct_a contrary_n to_o they_o without_o so_o much_o as_o the_o least_o answer_v to_o what_o they_o say_v will_v not_o any_o indifferent_a reader_n account_v i_o either_o impudent_a or_o ridiculous_a yet_o this_o be_v exact_o the_o case_n of_o t._n g._n for_o he_o say_v several_a time_n in_o this_o chapter_n that_o the_o heathen_n do_v worship_v their_o image_n as_o god_n whereas_o those_o testimony_n say_v as_o plain_o as_o word_n can_v express_v it_o that_o they_o do_v not_o and_o yet_o these_o testimony_n he_o take_v upon_o my_o word_n i._n e._n in_o common_a construction_n he_o believe_v they_o to_o be_v true_a and_o yet_o the_o matter_n contain_v in_o they_o to_o be_v false_a which_o be_v a_o admirable_a piece_n of_o t._n g.'s_n art_n and_o ingenuity_n but_o to_o add_v yet_o more_o to_o his_o kindness_n at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o take_v these_o testimony_n on_o my_o word_n he_o will_v let_v the_o reader_n see_v what_o credit_n he_o be_v to_o give_v to_o my_o cite_n of_o author_n but_o why_o then_o will_v he_o take_v any_o upon_o my_o word_n if_o i_o have_v so_o little_a credit_n with_o he_o herein_o he_o show_v himself_o either_o very_a weak_a if_o he_o will_v take_v my_o word_n when_o he_o think_v i_o deserve_v no_o credit_n or_o very_o malicious_a if_o he_o know_v i_o deserve_v credit_n and_o yet_o go_v about_o to_o blast_v it_o as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v but_o wherein_o be_v it_o i_o have_v expose_v my_o reputation_n so_o much_o in_o the_o two_o testimony_n 16._o he_o have_v fasten_v his_o talon_n upon_o the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o arnobius_n wherein_o i_o say_v the_o heathen_n deny_v that_o they_o ever_o think_v their_o image_n to_o be_v god_n or_o to_o have_v any_o divinity_n in_o they_o but_o what_o only_o come_v from_o their_o consecration_n to_o such_o a_o use._n that_o which_o he_o charge_v i_o with_o be_v that_o by_o cog_a in_o the_o word_n divinity_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n i_o will_v represent_v it_o to_o the_o reader_n as_o though_o the_o wise_a heathen_n intend_v to_o worship_v the_o true_a divinity_n by_o those_o image_n whereas_o all_o that_o they_o say_v in_o arnobius_n be_v that_o they_o do_v not_o look_v on_o their_o image_n as_o god_n per_fw-la se_fw-la of_o themselves_o but_o they_o worship_v the_o god_n which_o by_o dedication_n be_v make_v to_o dwell_v in_o they_o i.e._n say_v he_o by_o magical_a incantation_n by_o which_o the_o soul_n of_o wicked_a man_n be_v evocate_v and_o as_o it_o be_v tie_v to_o dwell_v in_o those_o image_n 103._o as_o s._n austin_n relate_v l._n 8._o de_fw-la civ_o dei_fw-la c._n 23._o &_o 26._o hereupon_o he_o charge_v i_o very_o severe_o with_o soul_n deal_v in_o put_v divinity_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n when_o the_o infernal_a spirit_n be_v mean_v by_o it_o as_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n by_o these_o image_n when_o they_o declare_v they_o worship_v false_a god_n by_o they_o a_o very_a heavy_a charge_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o distinct_a answer_n 1._o to_o that_o of_o translate_n divinity_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n t._n g._n may_v if_o he_o please_v take_v it_o upon_o my_o word_n or_o if_o not_o let_v he_o search_v the_o place_n once_o more_o that_o i_o translate_v these_o very_a word_n of_o arnobius_n nihil_fw-la numinis_fw-la in_o esse_fw-la simulachris_fw-la that_o the_o image_n have_v no_o divinity_n in_o they_o and_o if_o these_o word_n be_v not_o in_o that_o very_a place_n and_o but_o two_o line_n before_o those_o quote_v by_o he_o erras_fw-la &_o laberis_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o will_v venture_v my_o credit_n in_o cite_v author_n upon_o t._n g.'s_n ingenuity_n but_o if_o they_o be_v there_o as_o most_o certain_o they_o be_v what_o do_v such_o a_o man_n deserve_v for_o so_o notorious_a fair_a deal_n 2._o my_o design_n be_v not_o to_o represent_v by_o this_o mean_n that_o the_o heathen_n only_o intend_v to_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n by_o image_n but_o that_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n be_v unlawful_a although_o man_n do_v not_o take_v the_o image_n themselves_o for_o god_n so_o i_o say_v in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o those_o quotation_n that_o i_o will_v prove_v that_o the_o heathen_n do_v look_v on_o their_o image_n as_o symbol_n or_o representation_n of_o that_o be_v to_o which_o they_o give_v divine_a worship_n do_v i_o say_v of_o the_o true_a god_n be_v not_o the_o word_n so_o general_a on_o purpose_n to_o imply_v that_o whatever_o be_v they_o worship_v they_o look_v on_o the_o image_n as_o symbol_n or_o representation_n of_o it_o and_o after_o to_o prevent_v all_o such_o cavil_n i_o purposely_o add_v i_o do_v not_o ask_v whether_o they_o be_v mistake_v as_o to_o the_o object_n of_o their_o worship_n but_o what_o can_v a_o man_n do_v to_o prevent_v the_o cavil_n of_o a_o disingenuous_a sophister_n 3._o as_o to_o what_o he_o say_v that_o what_o they_o plead_v in_o arnobius_n be_v only_o that_o their_o image_n be_v not_o god_n per_fw-mi se_fw-mi of_o themselves_o but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o spirit_n dwell_v in_o they_o i_o answer_v that_o t._n g._n charge_v the_o heathen_a idolater_n with_o worship_v the_o image_n themselves_o 106._o and_o say_v that_o i_o deal_v very_o disingenuous_o in_o affirm_v that_o the_o wise_a heathen_n do_v not_o worship_v the_o image_n themselves_o now_o what_o can_v be_v more_o pertinent_a to_o my_o purpose_n than_o to_o produce_v those_o very_a word_n of_o arnobius_n you_o err_v and_o be_v mistake_v o_o t._n g._n in_o what_o you_o affirm_v for_o we_o do_v not_o think_v the_o matter_n of_o brass_n silver_n and_o gold_n to_o be_v god_n or_o adorable_a deity_n per_fw-la se_fw-la of_o themselves_o whereby_o we_o see_v t._n g's_o own_o word_n as_o he_o render_v they_o out_o of_o arnobius_n do_v sufficient_o vindicate_v i_o and_o contradict_v he_o he_o say_v they_o do_v worship_v the_o image_n themselves_o and_o they_o say_v they_o do_v not_o what_o do_v he_o mean_v else_o when_o he_o say_v in_o other_o place_n 99.106_o that_o the_o heathen_n worship_v their_o image_n as_o god_n what_o be_v this_o but_o to_o take_v the_o image_n themselves_o for_o god_n for_o he_o never_o once_o suppose_v it_o unlawful_a to_o worship_v image_n on_o the_o account_n of_o a_o divine_a spirit_n be_v present_a in_o the_o image_n suppose_v that_o spirit_n of_o itself_o to_o deserve_v adoration_n as_o suppose_v upon_o consecration_n of_o a_o image_n of_o the_o b._n virgin_n she_o shall_v manifest_v herself_o in_o and_o by_o that_o image_n in_o speak_v or_o move_v or_o work_a miracle_n do_v t._n g._n think_v it_o the_o more_o unlawful_a to_o worship_v such_o a_o image_n no_o certain_o but_o that_o man_n ought_v to_o show_v more_o devotion_n towards_o it_o therefore_o t._n g._n can_v not_o condemn_v the_o heathen_n for_o the_o worship_v the_o image_n suppose_v good_a spirit_n do_v dwell_v in_o they_o set_v aside_o then_o the_o dispute_n about_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o spirit_n all_o that_o he_o can_v imagine_v the_o father_n have_v to_o condemn_v in_o those_o that_o worship_v image_n be_v that_o they_o worship_v the_o image_n themselves_o for_o god_n which_o the_o heathen_n in_o arnobius_n deny_v and_o which_o be_v the_o thing_n i_o produce_v that_o testimony_n to_o prove_v bellarmin_n who_o my_o adversary_n follow_v say_v that_o the_o heathen_n do_v take_v the_o image_n themselves_o for_o god_n 13._o for_o which_o he_o give_v some_o very_a substantial_a reason_n 1._o because_o their_o priest_n tell_v they_o so_o 2._o because_o almost_o all_o the_o world_n believe_v it_o this_o one_o will_v think_v be_v enough_o to_o justify_v the_o belief_n of_o it_o have_v the_o authority_n of_o their_o teacher_n and_o consent_v of_o nation_n for_o it_o 3._o the_o motion_n speech_n and_o oracle_n
to_o the_o supreme_a god_n inferior_a worship_n to_o the_o god_n under_o he_o and_o so_o proportionable_o till_o they_o come_v to_o their_o hero_n or_o deify_v person_n to_o who_o they_o allow_v the_o low_a kind_n and_o degree_n of_o worship_n for_o it_o be_v a_o palpable_a mistake_n in_o any_o who_o think_v they_o do_v give_v the_o same_o degree_n of_o honour_n and_o worship_n to_o all_o plutarch_n say_v 361._o that_o plato_n do_v put_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o worship_n of_o celestial_a god_n and_o daemon_n and_o so_o do_v xenocrates_n between_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n and_o good_a daemon_n and_o those_o sour_a and_o morose_a and_o vindictive_a spirit_n which_o live_v in_o the_o air._n plato_n he_o tell_v we_o make_v it_o the_o office_n of_o good_a daemon_n to_o carry_v man_n prayer_n to_o the_o god_n and_o to_o bring_v from_o they_o oracle_n and_o other_o divine_a gift_n and_o so_o their_o worship_n must_v be_v suitable_a to_o their_o employment_n which_o be_v inferior_a to_o that_o of_o the_o celestial_a deity_n who_o station_n and_o employment_n be_v more_o immediate_o under_o the_o supreme_a god_n apuleius_n thus_o reckon_v up_o the_o order_n of_o deity_n according_a to_o plato_n 1._o the_o supreme_a god_n the_o author_n and_o ruler_n of_o all_o socrat._v 2._o the_o celestial_a deity_n spiritual_a immortal_a good_a and_o infinite_o happy_a to_o who_o the_o government_n of_o thing_n be_v commit_v next_o under_o god_n but_o because_o they_o suppose_v no_o immediate_a communication_n between_o these_o celestial_a god_n and_o man_n therefore_o they_o rank_v between_o they_o and_o man_n 3._o daemon_n as_o intercessor_n between_o the_o god_n and_o man_n who_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o celestial_a go_n 4._o the_o low_a sort_n of_o daemon_n he_o say_v be_v soul_n discharge_v of_o the_o body_n which_o if_o they_o take_v care_n of_o their_o posterity_n be_v call_v lar_n or_o domestic_a god_n lar_n in_o the_o old_a hetruscan_n language_n signify_v a_o prince_n thence_o the_o lar_n be_v the_o god_n of_o family_n and_o those_o who_o be_v good_a have_v the_o title_n of_o god_n for_o honour_n sake_n confer_v upon_o they_o as_o he_o speak_v but_o he_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v a_o peculiar_a honour_n belong_v to_o the_o supreme_a god_n cum_fw-la sit_fw-la summi_fw-la deorum_fw-la hic_fw-la honour_n proprius_fw-la and_o he_o they_o do_v solemn_o invocate_v as_o not_o only_o appear_v by_o frequent_a passage_n in_o plato_n but_o by_o that_o of_o boethius_n 139._o for_o as_o plato_n say_v we_o ought_v to_o invocate_v the_o divine_a assistance_n in_o the_o least_o affair_n therefore_o in_o so_o great_a a_o matter_n invocandum_fw-la rerum_fw-la omnium_fw-la patrem_fw-la we_o ought_v to_o call_v upon_o god_n the_o father_n of_o all_o thing_n next_o after_o he_o they_o pray_v to_o the_o celestial_a deity_n which_o prayer_n the_o inferior_a order_n of_o spirit_n be_v to_o carry_v up_o and_o to_o bring_v down_o answer_v so_o that_o the_o address_n be_v make_v to_o the_o celestial_a deity_n which_o the_o aereal_a daemon_n carry_v to_o they_o say_v apuleius_n to_o keep_v a_o due_a distance_n between_o god_n and_o man_n and_o although_o the_o other_o platonist_n differ_v from_o apuleius_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o reckon_v up_o the_o several_a order_n of_o inferior_a deity_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o alcinous_n proclus_n jamblichus_n and_o other_o yet_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o make_v one_o supreme_a god_n the_o first_o author_n and_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o make_v a_o infinite_a distance_n between_o he_o and_o his_o creature_n and_o that_o there_o be_v several_a degree_n of_o the_o being_n that_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v under_o he_o some_o as_o the_o bestower_n of_o blessing_n but_o subordinate_a to_o the_o supreme_a and_o other_o only_o as_o intercessor_n between_o the_o god_n and_o men._n diogenes_n laertius_n say_v of_o pythagoras_n pytha._n that_o he_o charge_v his_o disciple_n not_o to_o give_v equal_a degree_n of_o honour_n to_o the_o god_n and_o hero_n herodotus_n say_v of_o the_o greek_n euterpe_n that_o they_o worship_v hercules_n two_o way_n one_o as_o a_o immortal_a deity_n and_o so_o they_o sacrifice_v to_o he_o and_o another_o as_o a_o hero_n and_o so_o they_o celebrate_v his_o memory_n isocrates_n distinguish_v between_o the_o honour_n of_o hero_n and_o god_n when_o he_o speak_v of_o menelaus_n and_o helena_n helen_n but_o the_o distinction_n be_v no_o where_o more_o full_o express_v than_o in_o the_o greek_a inscription_n upon_o the_o statue_n of_o regilla_n wife_n to_o herodes_n atticus_n as_o salmasius_n think_v 81._o which_o be_v set_v up_o in_o his_o temple_n at_o triopium_n and_o take_v from_o the_o statue_n itself_o by_o sirmondus_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o she_o have_v neither_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o mortal_a nor_o yet_o that_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o go_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o any_o ask_v wherein_o the_o difference_n of_o these_o honour_n lay_v lilius_fw-la gyraldus_n say_v 501._o that_o the_o god_n be_v worship_v to_o the_o east_n the_o hero_n to_o the_o west_n vossius_fw-la think_v 12._o that_o among_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n it_o lay_v in_o have_v their_o image_n carry_v in_o the_o public_a procession_n but_o without_o sacrifice_n and_o their_o name_n put_v into_o the_o saliar_fw-la hymn_n at_o rome_n and_o insert_v into_o the_o peplus_fw-la of_o minerva_n at_o athens_n hesychius_n make_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o hero_n to_o lie_v in_o a_o temple_n 〈◊〉_d a_o statue_n and_o a_o fountain_n but_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o alexander_n say_v that_o he_o send_v to_o the_o oracle_n of_o ammon_n to_o know_v whether_o hephaestion_n shall_v be_v make_v a_o god_n or_o no_o the_o oracle_n answer_v that_o they_o shall_v honour_v he_o and_o sacrifice_n to_o he_o as_o to_o a_o hero_n whence_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o material_a act_n of_o sacrifice_n as_o t._n g._n speak_v may_v be_v common_a to_o god_n and_o hero_n but_o the_o inward_a intention_n of_o the_o mind_n make_v the_o great_a difference_n between_o their_o worship_n beside_o that_o which_o be_v express_v in_o the_o inscription_n of_o regilla_n viz._n that_o the_o honour_n of_o one_o sort_n be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o voluntary_a act_n but_o the_o other_o be_v a_o necessary_a duty_n they_o may_v sacrifice_v and_o pray_v to_o the_o hero_n who_o be_v the_o beati_fw-la among_o they_o but_o no_o man_n be_v absolute_o bind_v to_o do_v it_o but_o those_o who_o be_v devout_a and_o religious_a will_v as_o salmasius_n there_o explain_v the_o word_n of_o the_o inscription_n 118._o and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o critic_n that_o among_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v word_n of_o a_o different_a importance_n i._n e._n in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n to_o beatify_v and_o to_o canonize_v for_o i_o perceive_v the_o heathen_a hero_n do_v stand_v upon_o their_o preferment_n as_o well_o as_o the_o roman_a saint_n and_o those_o who_o have_v be_v beatify_v a_o competent_a time_n come_v to_o be_v canonize_v at_o last_o so_o plutarch_n say_v 255._o of_o isis_n and_o osiris_n hercules_n and_o bacchus_n that_o for_o their_o virtue_n of_o good_a daemon_n they_o be_v promote_v to_o deity_n and_o of_o lampsaca_n that_o she_o have_v at_o first_o only_o heroical_a honour_n give_v she_o and_o afterward_o come_v to_o divine_a it_o seem_v by_o the_o inscription_n of_o herodes_n and_o by_o the_o testament_n of_o epicteta_n extant_a in_o greek_a in_o the_o collection_n of_o inscription_n 216._o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o particular_a family_n to_o keep_v festival_n day_n in_o honour_n of_o some_o of_o their_o own_o family_n and_o to_o give_v heroical_a honour_n to_o they_o in_o that_o noble_a inscription_n at_o venice_n we_o find_v three_o day_n appoint_v every_o year_n to_o be_v keep_v and_o a_o confraternity_n establish_v for_o that_o purpose_n with_o the_o law_n of_o it_o the_o first_o day_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o muse_n and_o sacrifice_n to_o be_v offer_v to_o they_o as_o deity_n the_o second_o and_o three_o in_o honour_n of_o the_o hero_n of_o the_o family_n between_o which_o honour_n and_o that_o of_o deity_n they_o show_v the_o difference_n by_o the_o distance_n of_o time_n between_o they_o and_o the_o preference_n give_v to_o the_o other_o but_o wherein_o soever_o the_o difference_n lie_v that_o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n acknowledge_v among_o they_o appear_v by_o this_o passage_n of_o valerius_n in_o his_o excellent_a oration_n extant_a in_o dionysius_n halicarnass_n 696._o i_o call_v say_v he_o the_o god_n to_o witness_v who_o temple_n and_o altar_n our_o family_n have_v worship_v with_o common_a sacrifice_n and_o next_o after_o they_o i_o call_v the_o genii_n of_o our_o
worship_n contrary_n to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n we_o have_v the_o same_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o evil_a spirit_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o as_o the_o primitive_a christian_n have_v that_o evil_a spirit_n be_v worship_v by_o the_o heathen_n under_o the_o notion_n of_o good_n 5._o the_o arrian_n believe_v christ_n to_o be_v a_o creature_n and_o yet_o be_v charge_v with_o idolatry_n by_o the_o father_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o do_v give_v a_o high_a degree_n of_o worship_n to_o christ_n than_o any_o do_v to_o saint_n i_o answer_v that_o they_o do_v only_o give_v a_o degree_n of_o worship_n proportionable_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o excellency_n suppose_v to_o be_v in_o he_o far_o above_o any_o other_o creature_n whatsoever_o but_o still_o that_o worship_n be_v inferior_a to_o that_o which_o they_o give_v to_o god_n the_o father_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o person_n i_o dispute_v against_o for_o if_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o man_n that_o believe_v the_o incomparable_a distance_n between_o god_n and_o the_o most_o excellent_a of_o his_o creature_n to_o attribute_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o god_n alone_o to_o any_o creature_n then_o say_v i_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o those_o who_o believe_v one_o god_n the_o father_n to_o give_v to_o the_o son_n who_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o creature_n the_o honour_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o god_n it_o must_v be_v therefore_o on_o their_o own_o supposition_n a_o inferior_a and_o subordinate_a honour_n and_o at_o the_o high_a such_o as_o the_o platonist_n give_v to_o their_o celestial_a deity_n and_o although_o the_o arrian_n do_v invocate_v christ_n and_o put_v their_o trust_n in_o he_o yet_o they_o still_o suppose_v he_o to_o be_v a_o creature_n and_o therefore_o believe_v that_o all_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n he_o have_v be_v give_v to_o he_o so_o that_o the_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o christ_n must_v be_v inferior_a to_o that_o honour_n they_o give_v to_o the_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v supreme_a absolute_a and_o independent_a but_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o the_o father_n by_o multitude_n of_o testimony_n already_o produce_v do_v condemn_v the_o arrian_n as_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o the_o own_n of_o saint_n to_o be_v god_n creature_n do_v alter_v the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n and_o make_v such_o christian_n uncapable_a of_o idolatry_n 2._o i_o come_v to_o the_o second_o period_n 4._o wherein_o image_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o christian_a church_n but_o no_o worship_n allow_v to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o and_o i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o think_v that_o the_o forbearance_n of_o the_o use_n of_o image_n be_v from_o the_o fear_n of_o compliance_n with_o the_o pagan_a idolatry_n that_o i_o much_o rather_o believe_v the_o introduce_v of_o image_n be_v out_o of_o compliance_n with_o the_o gentile_a worship_n for_o eusebius_n in_o that_o memorable_a testimony_n concern_v the_o statue_n at_o paneas_n or_o caesarea_n philippi_n which_o he_o say_v 18._o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o syrophoenician_n woman_n do_v attribute_v the_o preserve_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o peter_n and_o paul_n to_o a_o heathen_a custom_n which_o he_o say_v be_v do_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n say_v valesius_fw-la inconsideratè_fw-la &_o imprudenter_fw-la contra_fw-la veterem_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la incautè_fw-la very_o unadvised_o and_o against_o the_o ancient_a rule_n of_o the_o church_n and_o yet_o to_o my_o great_a amazement_n this_o place_n of_o eusebius_n be_v on_o all_o occasion_n produce_v to_o justify_v the_o antiquity_n and_o worship_n of_o image_n if_o it_o have_v be_v only_o bring_v to_o prove_v that_o heathenish_a custom_n do_v by_o degree_n creep_v into_o the_o christian_a church_n after_o it_o obtain_v ease_n and_o prosperity_n it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o it_o not_o that_o i_o think_v this_o image_n be_v ever_o intend_v for_o christ_n or_o the_o syrophoenician_n woman_n but_o because_o eusebius_n say_v the_o people_n have_v get_v such_o a_o tradition_n among_o they_o and_o be_v then_o willing_a to_o turn_v their_o image_n to_o the_o story_n of_o the_o gospel_n where_o they_o find_v a_o syrophoenician_n woman_n make_v her_o address_n to_o our_o saviour_n and_o a_o tradition_n be_v among_o they_o that_o she_o be_v of_o this_o place_n and_o there_o find_v two_o image_n of_o brass_n the_o one_o in_o a_o form_n of_o a_o supplicant_n upon_o her_o knee_n with_o her_o hand_n stretch_v out_o and_o the_o other_o over_o against_o she_o with_o a_o hand_n extend_v to_o receive_v she_o the_o common_a people_n see_v these_o figure_n to_o agree_v so_o lucky_o with_o the_o story_n of_o the_o gospel_n present_o conclude_v these_o must_v be_v the_o very_a image_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o woman_n and_o that_o the_o woman_n out_o of_o mere_a gratitude_n upon_o she_o return_v home_o be_v at_o this_o great_a expense_n of_o two_o brass_n statue_n although_o the_o gospel_n say_v 5.43_o she_o have_v spend_v all_o that_o she_o have_v on_o physician_n before_o her_o miraculous_a cure_n and_o it_o will_v have_v be_v another_o miracle_n for_o such_o a_o image_n of_o christ_n to_o have_v stand_v untouched_a in_o a_o gentile_a city_n during_o so_o many_o persecution_n of_o christian_n especial_o when_o asterius_n in_o photius_n say_v 271._o this_o very_a statue_n be_v demolish_v by_o maximinus_n i_o confess_v it_o seem_v most_o probable_a to_o i_o to_o have_v be_v the_o image_n of_o the_o city_n paneas_n supplicate_v to_o the_o emperor_n for_o i_o find_v the_o very_a same_o representation_n in_o the_o ancient_a coin_n particular_o those_o of_o achaia_n bythinia_n macedonia_n and_o hispania_n wherein_o the_o province_n be_v represent_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o woman_n supplicate_v and_o the_o emperor_n hadrian_n in_o the_o same_o habit_n and_o posture_n as_o the_o image_n at_o paneas_n be_v describe_v by_o eusebius_n 2144._o and_o that_o which_o add_v more_o probability_n to_o this_o conjecture_n be_v that_o bythinia_n be_v so_o represent_v because_o of_o the_o kindness_n do_v by_o hadrian_n to_o nicomedia_n in_o the_o restore_n of_o it_o after_o its_o fall_n by_o a_o earthquake_n and_o caesarea_n be_v say_v by_o eusebius_n to_o have_v suffer_v by_o a_o earthquake_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o after_o such_o a_o favour_n to_o the_o city_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n to_o have_v two_o such_o brass_n statue_n erect_v for_o the_o emperor_n honour_n but_o suppose_v this_o tradition_n be_v true_a it_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o that_o this_o gentile_a custom_n be_v observe_v by_o a_o syrophoenician_n woman_n in_o a_o gentile_a city_n and_o what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n in_o christian_a church_n for_o eusebius_n do_v plain_o speak_v of_o gentile_n when_o he_o say_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v that_o those_o gentile_n who_o receive_v benefit_n by_o our_o saviour_n shall_v do_v these_o thing_n when_o say_v he_o we_o see_v the_o image_n of_o his_o apostle_n paul_n and_o peter_n and_o christ_n himself_o preserve_v in_o picture_n be_v do_v in_o colour_n it_o be_v their_o custom_n to_o honour_v their_o benefactor_n after_o this_o manner_n i_o appeal_v to_o any_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n whether_o eusebius_n do_v not_o herein_o speak_v of_o a_o mere_a gentile_a custom_n but_o baronius_n in_o spite_n of_o the_o greek_a will_v have_v it_o thus_o quod_fw-la majores_fw-la nostri_fw-la ad_fw-la gentilis_fw-la consuetudinis_fw-la similitudinem_fw-la quam_fw-la proximè_fw-la accedentes_fw-la 112._o at_o which_o place_n is._n casaubon_n set_v this_o marginal_a note_n graeca_n lege_fw-la &_o miraberis_fw-la but_o suppose_v this_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o eusebius_n what_o be_v to_o be_v gain_v by_o it_o save_v only_o that_o the_o bring_n of_o image_n among_o christian_n be_v a_o mere_a imitation_n of_o gentilism_n and_o introduce_v the_o heathen_a custom_n into_o the_o christian_a church_n yet_o baronius_n have_v something_o more_o to_o say_v for_o this_o image_n viz._n that_o be_v place_v in_o the_o diaconicon_fw-la or_o vestry_n of_o the_o church_n of_o paneas_n it_o be_v there_o worship_v by_o christian_n for_o which_o he_o quote_v nicephorus_n 30._o who_o at_o other_o time_n he_o reject_v as_o a_o fabulous_a writer_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o philostorgius_n out_o of_o who_o nicephorus_n take_v the_o other_o circumstance_n of_o his_o relation_n be_v so_o far_o from_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o this_o image_n 3._o that_o he_o say_v express_o the_o contrary_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d give_v no_o manner_n of_o worship_n to_o it_o to_o which_o he_o add_v the_o reason_n for_o it_o because_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o christian_n to_o worship_v either_o brass_n or_o any_o other_o matter_n no_o not_o
lord_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o that_o we_o be_v his_o offspring_n therefore_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o think_v that_o the_o godhead_n be_v like_a unto_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o stone_n grave_v by_o art_n or_o man_n device_n where_o i_o observe_v that_o the_o apostle_n do_v not_o speak_v mere_o against_o their_o other_o object_n of_o worship_n beside_o the_o true_a god_n nor_o their_o suppose_v their_o god_n to_o be_v present_a in_o their_o image_n nor_o take_v their_o image_n for_o god_n but_o against_o their_o supposition_n that_o there_o be_v any_o resemblance_n between_o god_n and_o their_o image_n or_o that_o he_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v any_o honour_n by_o they_o the_o same_o argument_n i_o add_v s._n paul_n use_v to_o the_o roman_n 1.19_o speak_v of_o those_o in_o who_o that_o which_o may_v be_v know_v of_o god_n be_v manifest_a even_o his_o eternal_a power_n and_o godhead_n yet_o these_o person_n who_o know_v god_n 21._o do_v not_o glorify_v he_o as_o god_n but_o change_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o incorruptible_a god_n into_o a_o image_n make_v like_a to_o corruptible_a man_n etc._n etc._n where_o change_v his_o glory_n into_o image_n be_v i_o say_v 23._o immediate_o oppose_v to_o the_o glorify_v he_o as_o god_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o eternal_a power_n and_o godhead_n so_o that_o these_o two_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o each_o other_o to_o glorify_v god_n by_o a_o image_n and_o to_o glorify_v he_o as_o god_n for_o here_o the_o apostle_n do_v not_o discourse_n against_o the_o most_o gross_a and_o sottish_a idolater_n of_o the_o heathen_n but_o as_o s._n chrysostom_n well_o observe_v against_o the_o philosopher_n and_o the_o wise_a among_o they_o who_o although_o they_o differ_v in_o their_o opinion_n of_o religion_n extreme_o from_o the_o vulgar_a yet_o they_o concur_v with_o they_o in_o all_o the_o external_a practice_n of_o idolatry_n and_o therefore_o the_o apostle_n do_v not_o charge_v they_o with_o false_a notion_n of_o a_o deity_n for_o he_o say_v that_o they_o hold_v the_o truth_n in_o unrighteousness_n 21._o and_o that_o they_o do_v know_v god_n but_o they_o show_v their_o vanity_n and_o folly_n in_o think_v they_o have_v find_v out_o subtle_a way_n of_o defend_v the_o common_a idolatry_n among_o they_o and_o instead_o of_o oppose_v they_o make_v use_v of_o their_o wit_n to_o excuse_v they_o to_o which_o i_o add_v this_o material_a observation_n that_o the_o most_o intelligent_a heathen_n do_v never_o look_v on_o their_o image_n as_o any_o other_o than_o symbol_n or_o representation_n of_o that_o be_v to_o which_o they_o give_v divine_a worship_n for_o which_o purpose_n i_o produce_v several_a testimony_n of_o celsus_n porphyry_n athanasius_n arnobius_n s._n augustin_n max._n tyrius_n julian_n and_o eusebius_n from_o whence_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v whether_o these_o man_n who_o worship_v image_n on_o those_o ground_n do_v amiss_o or_o no_o in_o it_o i_o do_v not_o ask_v as_o my_o word_n be_v express_o whether_o they_o be_v mistake_v as_o to_o the_o object_n of_o their_o worship_n but_o on_o supposition_n they_o be_v not_o whether_o they_o be_v to_o blame_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o serve_v god_n by_o image_n in_o such_o a_o way_n as_o they_o describe_v if_o not_o wherefore_o do_v s._n paul_n pitch_n upon_o that_o to_o condemn_v they_o for_o which_o they_o be_v at_o not_o all_o to_o blame_v in_o he_o ought_v i_o say_v to_o have_v do_v as_o the_o jesuit_n in_o china_n do_v who_o never_o condemn_v the_o people_n for_o worship_v image_n 588_o but_o for_o worship_v false_a god_n by_o they_o and_o persuade_v they_o not_o to_o lay_v they_o aside_o but_o to_o convert_v they_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o true_a god_n and_o so_o melt_v down_o their_o former_a image_n and_o make_v new_a one_o of_o they_o can_v we_o imagine_v s._n paul_n mean_v the_o same_o thing_n when_o he_o blame_v man_n not_o for_o believe_v they_o to_o be_v god_n but_o that_o god_n can_v be_v worship_v by_o the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n and_o for_o change_v thereby_o the_o glory_n due_a to_o god_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o infinite_a and_o incorruptible_a be_v into_o mean_a and_o unworthy_a image_n think_v thereby_o to_o give_v honour_n to_o he_o and_o upon_o these_o ground_n i_o there_o show_v that_o the_o primitive_a father_n dispute_v against_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n 8._o for_o the_o make_v use_n of_o corporeal_a representation_n make_v the_o deity_n contemptible_a say_v clemens_n of_o alexandria_n 559._o origen_n say_v 375._o that_o christian_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o image_n because_o of_o the_o second_o commandment_n and_o on_o that_o account_n will_v rather_o die_v than_o defile_v themselves_o with_o they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a any_o one_o that_o know_v god_n shall_v pray_v to_o they_o that_o it_o be_v no_o sufficient_a excuse_n to_o say_v they_o do_v not_o take_v they_o for_o god_n but_o only_o for_o symbol_n or_o representation_n of_o they_o for_o they_o must_v be_v ignorant_a mean_a and_o unlearned_a person_n who_o can_v imagine_v the_o work_n of_o a_o artificer_n can_v be_v any_o representation_n of_o a_o deity_n i_o show_v further_o 6._o that_o many_o of_o the_o wise_a heathen_n themselves_o condemn_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n by_o image_n as_o incongruous_a to_o a_o divine_a nature_n and_o a_o disparagement_n to_o the_o deity_n as_o zeno_n xenophanes_n antisthenes_n xenophon_n numa_n varro_n and_o many_o other_o 2._o have_v thus_o lay_v down_o so_o much_o of_o my_o former_a discourse_n together_o as_o be_v necessary_a to_o understand_v the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n i_o come_v now_o to_o consider_v what_o t._n g._n do_v answer_n to_o it_o 1._o to_o the_o place_n of_o s._n paul_n act_v 17.24_o and_o rom._n 1.19_o he_o say_v that_o no_o one_o ever_o deny_v the_o unsuitableness_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o such_o image_n to_o the_o divine_a nature_n 96._o as_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v proper_a likeness_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o divinity_n of_o which_o s._n paul_n speak_v in_o the_o first_o place_n or_o of_o the_o image_n of_o the_o false_a god_n of_o the_o heathen_n of_o which_o he_o speak_v in_o the_o latter_a in_o reply_n to_o this_o i_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o place_n act_v 17.24_o where_o he_o say_v it_o be_v plain_a from_o s._n paul_n word_n that_o they_o think_v the_o divinity_n to_o be_v like_a to_o the_o image_n they_o make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o this_o be_v a_o mighty_a argument_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o s._n paul_n to_o drive_v that_o erroneous_a conceit_n out_o of_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o athenian_n who_o believe_v the_o divinity_n to_o be_v like_o the_o image_n they_o make_v but_o none_o at_o all_o from_o my_o pen_n against_o catholic_n who_o detest_v the_o thought_n of_o have_v or_o make_v any_o such_o image_n this_o then_o be_v the_o question_n between_o we_o whether_o s._n paul_n discourse_n against_o the_o athenian_n do_v proceed_v only_o on_o the_o supposition_n of_o the_o divinity_n be_v like_a to_o their_o image_n or_o whether_o the_o dissimilitude_n between_o they_o be_v not_o make_v use_n of_o by_o the_o apostle_n as_o a_o argument_n to_o show_v that_o image_n be_v not_o a_o proper_a suitable_a mean_n whereby_o to_o worship_v god_n for_o which_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o apostle_n scope_n and_o design_n which_o certain_o be_v to_o convince_v they_o of_o their_o idolatry_n for_o it_o be_v say_v ver_fw-la 16._o that_o his_o spirit_n be_v stir_v within_o he_o when_o he_o see_v the_o city_n whole_o give_v to_o idolatry_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o speech_n he_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o bigoterie_n in_o the_o heathen_a worship_n ver_fw-la 22._o &_o 23._o that_o among_o their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n idol_n say_v theophylact_v he_o have_v espy_v a_o altar_n with_o this_o inscription_n to_o the_o unknown_a god_n and_o upon_o this_o he_o take_v a_o occasion_n more_o full_o to_o discover_v he_o who_o they_o ignorant_o worship_v and_o withal_o to_o show_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o their_o worship_a god_n at_o all_o by_o image_n if_o the_o apostle_n design_n have_v be_v as_o t._n g._n imagine_v to_o drive_v that_o erroneous_a conceit_n out_o of_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o athenian_n that_o the_o divinity_n be_v like_a to_o their_o image_n his_o spirit_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v move_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o their_o image_n but_o at_o their_o discourse_n about_o they_o when_o he_o hear_v they_o own_o the_o divinity_n to_o be_v like_o they_o for_o in_o case_n they_o only_o look_v on_o their_o image_n as_o help_n to_o their_o devotion_n or_o as_o analogical_a representation_n of_o some_o divine_a perfection_n although_o they_o do_v worship_n god_n by_o they_o t._n g._n must_v think_v then_o s._n paul_n a_o