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A01450 The cognizance of a true Christian or the outward markes whereby he may be the better knowne: consisting especially in these two duties: fasting and giuing of almes: verie needfull for these difficult times. Diuided into two seuerall treatises. Published by Samuel Gardiner, Batcheler of Diuinitie Gardiner, Samuel, b. 1563 or 4. 1597 (1597) STC 11573; ESTC S102818 96,047 234

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doo excuse themselues from fasting they lewdly do accuse the times of their Creator If these men will suffer themselues to be reformed and not remaine incorrigible I doubt not but if they will peruse these treatises but they will bee perswaded to fulfill these duties Wherin I haue indeuoured by pregnant proofes of Sciptures authorities of Fathers and manie perswasorie and effectuall similitudes gathered from the Fathers to enforce the same And these I am bold to dedicate to your Grace and to you Honourable and my good Lord of Norwich for verie good causes both publike and priuate 1 First I take my selfe as a poore Minister of the Church to owe a Canonicall dutie to your Grace as to one to whom the gouernment of our Church vnder the sacred Maiestie of our blessed Queene is principally committed and to you reuerend father beeing our prudent godlie and vigilant Diocesan 2 Secondly both your loues to my deceased father might haue incouraged me if there were nothing else 3 But principally I presume herein to giue you this booke because your Graces godly sanctions and your my Lord industrious publication of these sanctions to vs your Cleargie through the confines of your libertie are the subiect matter and occasion of my Booke 3 Also the loue your Grace and your honour do beare to all godlie endeuors and the countenance that you giue vnto painful ministers hath ministred vnto me no small cheerfulnesse in this matter 5 Last of all in that I haue deuoted my selfe in all solemne obsequies vnto your good Lordship and it hath pleased your honour aswell to ascribe mee in the number of your Chaplains as to encourage me in my labour and studies as my bounden dutie willeth mee I consecrate vnto your Lordships the fruits of these my labours GOD euen the most mightie God enrich your zealous harts with the abundant graces of his spirit and make your names famous vnto the endes of the worlde giue you long life with all worldly prosperitie that by both your god lie wisdoms we may stil be led as sheep as by the handes of Moses and Aaron London the 8. of October in the yeare of our saluation 1597. Your Graces and Lordships in all obsequie to be commaunded Samuel Gardiner To the Reader GOdly Reader if euer these two Christian and Religious duties of Fasting and Almes haue bin iudged needful it is now high time ●ey should be well thought vpon and di●gently put in practise For through the ●nkindnesse of former yeares the iust punishment of our sins and more through the insufficed wretchednesse of cruell men commorants maultwormes badgers and ●egraters and of the like title the rods of Gods furie and the verie imps and lims of the diuel the poore haue beene brought vn●o all extremitie and are now almost constrained to eate the flesh of their own armes The Lord in mercie hath now visited vs and hath done his part and hath turned our former scarcitie into present plentie the earth hath brought forth hir increase and God euen our owne God hath giuen vs his blessing But wee regard not to visit the poore to do our dutie but albeit we find him a gracious father we remain stil gracelesse children For the plentie which God hath sent to refresh the poore is without cause kept in and not acknowledged to the vndoing of the poore But take we heed that we tempt not God and presumptuously prouoke the holy one of Israel vnto anger in extenuating and abazing his rich mercies and making him a niggard when as he hath opened the windowes of heauen giuen vs plentiously of his blessings to drink as out of a riuer If for his bountiful nesse weeshall reward him with vnthankfulnesse and our eyes shal be euill because h● is good he hath verie sharp arrows to draw out of his quiuer instruments of death 〈◊〉 grind our hairie scalpes For doubtlesseth poore shall not alwaies be forgotten the patient abiding of the meeke shall not peris● for euer Let vs therefore heare their cri● and sustain them with releefe This we sh● be verie able to performe and thereby pr●uent a future danger if we shall giue out our riotous feasting and deuote our selues sometimes to a religious fasting If this seemeth too greeuous and ouer burdensome to vs content we our selues with a moderate diet and let our superfluities be bestowed to succour their necessities As God hath liberally lent to vs so let vs largely lend to him againe By giuing to the poore thou dost lend to him and he promiseth to set it vpon his owne accounts in theresurrection of the righteous Consider wee the difficult estate of these times the huge heapes of poore people their extreame miserie I haue vsed all diligence as God hath guided mee with his holy spirit to stirre you vp to these religious duties vrging and pressing these two propositions with as effectual and plausible perswasions as I could I hope I haue not languished in any part of my worke but in euery place without any impertinent and idle digressions to make the paper swell haue by solid arguments illustrated and confirmed such needfull circumstances as belong to my assertions I heartily desire thee not superficially and slenderly to consider it but deliberately to reuolue it in thy mind And albeit there be others who haue written of this argument more sufficiently then I yet seeing I cannot bring gold and siluer with others I see no reason but that I may bring such as I haue euen goats haire and badgers skins vnto the Lords Tabernacle The widowes mite was as pleasing vnto God as the plentifull and sumptuous contributions of the rich Though I haue but one talent I cannot in duty bind it vp in anapkin or bury it in the earth The honor of Christ Iesus whose vnworthie seruant I am my dutie to my deare soueraigne whose loyall subiect I am the loue of my countrey whose vnfaigned friende I am hath animated me to this labor which I commend to God and to thy indifferent iudgement Fare well London this eight of October 1597. Thine in the Lord Samuel Gardiner The Cognizaunce of a true Christian or the outward markes whereby he may be knowne The first Chapter Of diuerse kinds of fasts BEcause there are so manie sundrie kindes of fast and few there be who fast in that order as they ought it is verie needfull that first we should distinguish it before we do define it that wee deceiue not our selues in a zeale without knowledge 2. Tim 3 5. Hauing a shew of godlinesse but indeed do denie the power of it There is a fast which may be called Naturall A natural fast because the law of Nature doth prescribe it and that is but an abstinencie only for the time or a spare diet which is onely vsed as a preseruatiue of our health that both body mind might be more pliable vnto their proper functions forasmuch as by a large and plentifull repast the minde