and shew it unto you Joh. 16. 14. Nor will he so much dishonour the righteousnesse and grace of the Father of glory as first to pronounce and declare us justified in the sight of our owne righteousnesse In Mat. 7. from verse 16. to 20. The tree is knowne by his fruit True to others but not unto himselfe If a tree could know it selfe it would first come to know it selfe by seeing upon what root it grew before it came to see what fruit it did beare Joh. 15. 1 2 3 4 5. But this Doctrine is new it is not ancient nor gray-headed The Doctrines of the Covenant of free-grace are ever new because they are the Doctrines of the New-Covenant which can never waxe old should it once waxe old it would soone vanish away Heb. 8. from vers 8. to 13. though it be as ancient as Abraham yea as Adam for hee had his first comfort and assurance in an absolute promise of free-grace Gen. 3. 15. yet it hath ever seemed new in every age Augustines Doctrine of Conversion that is of grace and not of free-will Luthers Doctrine of Justification that is of faith not of works Calvins Doctrine of Predestination that is of grace not of faith and works fore-seen were all of them thought new Doctrines in their times and yet all of them the ancient truths of the everlasting Covenant of grace And surely for this Doctrine in hand Calvin is as clear as my hearts desire to God is wee all might be his words have been partly rehearfed before in the answer of some Objections and partly in my large Answer to your Reply Bellarmine taketh it to be the generall Doctrine of the Lutherans That Assurance of faith goeth before works and doth not follow after Institnt lib. 3. cap. 9. And Pareus in answer unto him saith That though there be an assurance that followeth good works yet the former assurance from the witnesse of the Spirit goeth before And seeing they that are the chief Reformers of the Protestant Assemblies doe generally make sanctification a fruit of faith and doe define faith to be A speciall assurance of mercy in Christ it must needs be out of controversie their judgement That a man receiveth his first assurance not from his sanctification which they make to be an effect flowing from it but from an higher principle even from the grace of the Father and the righteousnesse of the Sonne the Lord Jesus Christ and witnessed by the holy Spirit Bilney in the Book of Martyrs in his Epistle to B. Tuâ—stall relating the manner of his conversion proâ—ested That when hee had wearied himself in many superstitious works of fasting and Popish pennance hee received at last his first assurance from that place in Timothy 1 Tim. 1. 15. hee calleth it a most sweet word unto him This is a true saying and worthy of all men to be received Jesus Christ came into the world to save sinners of whom I am the chiefe A word from an absolute promise set home unto him by the â—oly Spirit without respect of any sanctification formerly wrought or seene in him Alas how farre are they mistaken that thinke the contrary Doctrine hath beene sealed with the bloud of Martyrs Zancheus his judgement though he was a godly and an eminent learned man yet I would not have named him but that Mr. Perkins highly approved his discourse and translated it as a choyce piece into his owne Volume which maketh it obvious to every godly Reader that studieth Perkins learned Workes Page 429. the first testimony saith Zanchey and Porâ—ius for him by which God assureth us of our election is that inward testimony of the Spirit of which the Apostle Paul speaketh Rom. 8. 16. The Spirit witnesseth to our spirits that wee are the sonnes of God And afterward comming to give some direction how a man may know whether this testimony be true and proceedeth from the holy Spirit or no. Hee answereth Page 433. three waies First A man may know it first by the perswasion it selfe Secondly By the manner of its perswasion Thirdly By the effects For the first the holy Spirit doth not simply say it but doth perswade with us that we are the sonnes of God And no flesh can doe it againe By reasons drawne not from our worke or from any worthinesse in us but from the alone goodnesse of God the Father and the grace of Christ freely bestowed and in this manner the Devill will never perswade any man The perswasion of the holy Spirit is full of power for they which are perswaded that they are the sons of God cannot but must needs call him Father and in regard of love to him do hate sinne and on the contrary they have a sound hearty desire to do his Word and Will revealed For the second Answer to the imputation of Novelty Either saith John Cotton I am exceedingly deceived or it justly falleth upon the contrary Doctrine and they are much mistaken that think otherwise I never read it to my best remembrance in any Author olde oâ— new that ever a man received his first evidence of the faith of his Justification from his Sanctification unlesse it be one whom I met with within these two dayes Printed within these two yeares that maintaineth our first comfort of Justification from Sanctification But â—enerally all our English Orthodox Teachers doe oppose it Amongst the English Teachers one for ought I know did more â—dvance the Doctrine of Marks and â—ignes then Master Nicholas Byfield â—â—d yet he himselfe professeth that â—umane reason cannot beleeve such â—reat things from God from any â—â—ing that is in us But onely beâ—use we having the Word of God â—suring such happinesse unto such â— lay hold upon the promises conâ—ined in it So that it is that which â—eedeth Faith or as he calleth it â—e perswasion of our good estatesâ—et notwithstanding saith he the â—â—surance of Faith is much increased â—â—d confirmed by Signes the forâ—er part of which speech touchâ—â—g the first begettings of the assuâ—â—nce of Faith consenteth with me the latter concerning the increasing and confirming of the assuranceâ— argueth plainely his consent thuâ— farre also that he meant not that thâ— assurance of the Faith of Justification should spring from Sanctification But when he would have thâ— assurance of Faith to bee increaseâ— and confirmed by the light 〈◊〉 Signes I would not refuse it 〈◊〉 by the assurance of Faith hâ—â— meanes onely assurance of Knowledge or if he meaneth onely aâ—surance of Faith properly so caâ—led I would then put in this caâ—tion That then the Spirit of Goâ— himfelfe had need by his owne tâ—stimony to reveale our justificatâ—on unto us and Gods free grace 〈◊〉 accepting us in Christ or else it 〈◊〉 not Word nor Worke nor tâ—â— light of a renewed conscience thâ—â— can increase or confirme the assâ—rance of Faith of our Justificatioâ— But only the manifestation of Goâ— Free-grace in a Divine testimony â—atified by his owne
A CONFERENCE M r. John Cotton HELD AT BOSTON With the ELDERS of NEW-ENGLAND 1. Concerning gracious conditions in the soule before faith 2. Evidencing Justification by Sanctification 3. Touching the active power of Faith Twelve Reasons against stinted forms of prayer and praise Together with The Difference between the CHRISTIAN and Antichristian Church Written by FRANCIS CORNWELL a Minister of Jesus the Christ London Printed by J. Dawson and are to be sold Fr. Eglesfield at the Signe of the Mary-gold in Pauls Church-yard 1646. TO THE HONOVRABLE AND True-hearted lover of his Countrey Sir HENRY VANE Junior Knight sometimes Governour of New-England Treasurer of the Navie Royall and a Member of the House of COMMONS Sir THe Churches of the Saints and the World may not bee unfitly compared to the Pearle and the Pebble though both of one naturall substance earth yet the one of rare price whose beauty is the sun-beames inclosed the other wanting it is cast away as refuse What maketh the Saint more excellent then his neighbour seeing both are borne of flesh both subject to the same corruptions sicknesse death but this The Saints excellency is nothing else but the Image of Jesus Christ the Sunne of righteousnesse shining in him For as the moone and starres derive their light from the sunne so all the wisdome righteousnesse holinesse a Saint hath hee deriveth from Christ Hence David the King doth so prize their fellowship All my delight is in thy Saints thine excellent ones that are in the earth and them that excell in vertue Yea it is a sure note of a Citizen of Sion that hee honours them that feare the Lord Whereas worldly men without grace are rendred in his eyes as vile Hence the Spouse acknowledgeth that all her excellency cometh from plantation Let my Beloved come into his garden and eat his pleasant fruit Yea Christ declareth to Nicodemus that a beleevers holinesse cometh from regeneration that in Christ hee may onely glory How doth the Lord discover this his excellency to a beleever by his calling till that time hee lieth amongst the refuse of the world as foolish disobedient deceived serving divers lusts and pleasures living in malice and envie hatefull and hating one another But then the kindnesse and love of God to man appeared by delivering him out of the kingdome of darknesse and translating him into the kingdome of his deare Sonne By which it is manifest that hee is one of the Chosen generation the royal priesthood the holy nation the peculiar people whom hee hath called out of darknesse into his marvellous light But when doth the Lord discover the truth of his calling to his conscience Then when hee giveth him precious faith for that onely distinguisheth him form the world that lieth in sinne Gal. 3. 22. The Scripture concludeth father mother sonne daughter nay the infant that is borne of the most holiest parents all under sinne that the promise by the faith of Jesus Christ might bee given to them that beleeve So that in that same houre the Lord giveth him faith hee giveth him an evidence in himselfe that hee loved him in Christ before he was borne before hee had done good or evill that hee hath justified him from all those things hee could not be justified by the Law that hee hath purged his conscience from all dead works that his person is accepted his sinne discharged and he hath a right to the purchased inheritance amongst them which are sanctified Thus the love of Christ revealed to dye for him to take away his iniquity and reconcile him to God the Spirit given to take away his heart of stone giveth him an heart of flesh to cause to walke in his flatutes yea and draweth his heart to yeeld obedience to every commandement of Jesus the Christ The truth of this grace given Right Worshipfull you can give a true testimoniall for you were once in your naturall condition as well as others till it pleased God who separated you from the womb to call you by his grace to reveale his Sonne in you you consulted not with flesh and bloud but left your native soyle in the persecuting times of the Prelates chusing rather to suffer affliction with the people of God according to the light they had received then to remaine in England and enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season Yet there the Lord exalted your Worship to bee the Governour And in that dawning light coming forth out of mysticall Babylon the Lord discovered much spirituall knowledge of the riches of his free-grace in Jesus Christ amongst you you being freed from the yoke of the Task-Masters heere the Bishops that kept you in bondage you had liberty there to debate those Questions which the naming onely of them heere would have rendred a man odious But Satan that envieth the peace of the Saints stirred up a spirit of contention amongst you especially when these Queries came to be debated 1 Whether there are any gracious conditions or qualifications wrought in the soule before faith 2 Whether any man can gather his evidence of the assurance of his Justification from his Sanctification 3 Whether there bee an active power of Faith and other gifts of grace in a Christian conversation The one side would not beleeve themselves justified no farther then they could see themselves worke making their Markes Signes and Qualifications the causes of their Justification The other side laid the Evidence of their Justification onely by Faith in the free Promise for there are foure things that makes remission of sinnes perpetuall to a beleever First The cause of Remission the sacrificed Body of Christ on the Crosse or accursed Tree Heb. 10. 4. By one offering hee hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified Secondly The ground is a free promise tendred to us from God as to Adam The Seed of the Woman shall breke the Serpents head Gen. 3. 15. John 3. 16. 1 John 4. 10. Thirdly The meane is Faith apprehending it Phil. 3. 9. Fourthly The Spirit of Christ sealing of it Ephes 1. 13. This truth revealed for the comfort of poore drooping Saints found great opposition But the good Lord stirred up your gracious spirit to countenance and defend them in the midst of strong opposition and though you were sleighted and set light by at the ende of your Government as not worthy to be an assistant with many other Instruments more yet the good Lord stood by you and strengthned you and delivered you from the hands of your opposers perserved you from the dangers of the Sea and though at your returne to your Native Soyle you lived like Joseph a while in a despised condition yet the Lord raised you up to sit amongst Princes So that though you were willing to lose life friends preferment for Christ found you not then life peace joy in the Lord Jesus which was better to you then all worldly
the assurance of faith of our justification doe spring from sight of sanctification it is by right of some promise made unto such a worke and the right which a man hath by promise to a worke maketh the assurance of the promise but debt unto him and then the promise is not sure unto him out of grace The fourth Argument If when the Lord declareth himselfe pacified toward us he utterly shames us and confounds us in the sight and sense of our unworthynesse and unrighteousnesse then he doth not give unto us our first assurance of the faith of our justification upon the sight and sense of sanctification But when the Lord declareth himself pacified towards us he doth utterly ashame us and confound us in the sight and sense of our unworthynesse and unrighteousnesse Therefore he doth not first give us assurance of the faith of our justification upon the sight and sense of our sanctification The consequence is plaine from the Law of Contraries For if the Lord shame us with a sight and sense of sinne hee doth not then first comfort and incourage us with the sight and sense of sanctification Minor is proved Ezek. 16. 63. Rom. 4. 5. Ezek. 16. 63. That thou maist remember and bee confounded and never open thy mouth any more because of thy shame when I am pacified toward thee for all that thou hast done saith the Lord God Rom 4. 5. To him that worketh not but beleeveth on him that justifieth the ungodly his faith is accounted for righteousnesse The fift Argument When sanctification is not evident it cannot be an evidence of justification But when Justification is hidden and doubtfull Sanctification is not evident Therefore Sanctification cannot be our first evidence of Justification Minor When Faith is hidden and doubtfull Sanctification is not evident But when Justification is hidden and doubtfull Faith is hidden and doubtfull Therefore when Justification is hidden and doubtfull Sanctification is not evident The first proofe of the Major If Faith be the evidence of things not seene then when Faith it selfe is hidden and doubtfull which maketh all things evident what can be cleare unto us But Faith is the evidence of things not seene Hebr. 11. 1. Therefore when Faith it selfe is hidden and doubtfull Sanctification cannot be evident The second proofe of the Major If no Sanctification be true and sincere but when it is wrought in faith then neither can it be evident But when it evidently appeareth to bee wrought in Faith Therefore when Faith is hidden and doubtfull Sanctification cannot be evident But no Sanctification is pure and sincere but when it is wrought in Faith nor cannot be evident but when it evidently appeareth to bee wrought in Faith Therefore when Faith is hidden and doubtfull Sanctification cannot be evident The sixth Argumont Such a Faith as a practicall Sillogisme can make is not a Faith wrought by the Lords Almighty power For though Sillogismus â—iâ—em facit yet such a faith is but an â—umane faith because the Conclusion followeth but from the strength of reasonings or reason not from the power of God by which alone Divine things are wrought Ephes â— 19. 20. Col. 2. 20. But the Faith which is wrought by a word and a worke and the light of a renewed Conscience without the witnesse of the spirit and â—efore it is such a Faith as a practiâ—all Sillogisme can make Therefore such a Faith as is wrought â—y a word and a worke or by the â—ight of a renewed Conâ—cience without the witnesse of the Spirit and â—efore it is not a Faith wrought by the Lords Almighty â—ower The proofe of the Minor From the condition of all these â—hree the Word the Work and the â—ight of a renewed Conscience they are all but created blessings and gifts Thereâ—ore cannot produce of themselves a word of Almighty power Because the Word without the Almighty power of the Spirit is but a dead Letter and the Work hath no more power then the Word nor so much neither For Faith cometh rather by hearing of a Word then by seeing of a Worke Rom. 10. 17. And the light of a renewed Conscience is a created gift of spirituall knowledge in the conscience 1 Iohn 2. â— Hereby we know that wee know him that we keepe his Commandements 1. John 3. 14. Wee know wee have passed from death to life because we love the Brethren Vers 19. Hereby we know we are of the 〈◊〉 No better Answer need to be expected then what Calvin hath given in the exposition of these Scriptures who thus expoundeth them Though every beleever hath the testimony of his Faith from his Workes yet that commeth in a posteriori probatione a latter or secondary proofe instead of a signe Therefore the assurance of Faith saith hee doth wholly reside in the grace of Christ and we must alwaies saith he remember that it is not from our love to the Brethren that we have the knowledge of our estate which the Apostle speaketh of as if from thence were fetched the assurance of salvation For surely wee doe not know by any other meanes that we are the Children of God but because hee sealeth unto our heart by his Spirit our adoption of us out of free-grace and we by faith receive the assured pledge of him given in Christs love Therefore as an addition or inferiour helpe for a prop unto faith not for a foundation to leane on Certaine it is that those which â—ohn writ unto were three sorts of â—en Old men Young men and Babes â—et there was none of them but did know their good estate by the knowledge of the Father before they knew their good estat by their brotherly love For even of Babeâ— he saith they knew the Father 1 Iohâ— 2. 13. And therefore by the rule oâ— relation they knew their Son-shipâ— and adoption And if it should be asked how they knew it John telleth By the unction they had receiveâ— from Christ â— Ioh. 2. 27. that is bâ— the spirit it selfe which taught them tâ— know all things which no created gifts of Sanctification could doe Even in nature children doâ— not first come to know their parents either by their lovâ— to their brethren or by their obedience to their parents but from their parents love descending on them So we loved him because he first loved us 1 Iohn 4. 19 Herein is love not that we loved God buâ— that he loved us and sent his Son to beeâ— propitiation for eâ—r sins 1 Ioh. 4. 10. If Iohn could give sanctification foâ— an evidence of adoption to such a knew their good estate before by the witnesse of the Spirit this were but to light a Candle unto the Sunne Whether were it more absurd to light a Candle unto the Sunne or to light a Candle to see to a mans eyes Now faith is instead of eyes unto the soule By Faith Abraham saw the day of Christ and rejoyced â—hough it were a farre off Ioh.
to me and drinke vers 38. Hee that beleeveth on me as the Scripture hath said out of his belly shall flow rivers of living waters Vers 39. But this he spake of the Spirit that they that beleeve on him shall receive For the holy Spirit was not yet given because that Jesus waâ— not yet glorified But when Jesus was by the right hand of his Father exalted he received of the Father thâ— promise of the holy Spirit Heâ— hath shed forth this which you now seâ— and heare Acts 22. 33. Fourthly All things that arâ— lost and accursed to mankinde by the fall of the first Adam are restored and sanctified to the use oâ— the beleevers in and by the second Adam Jesus the Christ All thingâ— are yours Whether Paul or Apollo or Cephas or the world or life or death or things present or things to come all are yours and yee are Christs and Christ is Gods 1 Cor 3. 21 22 23. Hence the unbeleeving wife is sanctified to the use of the beleever And shee being an unbeleever dwelling with the beleeving husband is sanctified to bring forth an holy Seed to the use of the beleever though the childe be borne in sinne and by nature the child of wrath as the most prophanest Pagans are Psal 51. 5. Ephes 2. 3. Void of understanding not able to distinguish betwixt good and evill Yet Titus 1. 15 Unto the pure all things are pure Nay the meat and drinke and the Creature which God hath created are sanctified to his use 1 Tim 4. 3 4 5. For every creature of God is good and nothing to be refused If it bee received with thankesgiving For it is sanctified by the Word and Prayer What Priviledge hath the unbeleeving party by dwelling and abiding with the beleever Great is the Priviledge if he or shee will abide for living under them where the holy Spirit breatheth and his lips drop as the honey combe the sweet precious treasure of the Gospell of grace What knowst thou oh thou beleeving husband whether God will not make thee instrumentall to save thy wife though an unbeleever Or what knowest thou oh thou beleeving wife whether God will not make thee instrumentall to save thy husband 1 Cor. 7. 16. And when hee is converted hee will blesse God for you as David did for Abigail in another case Blessed be the Lord for you and blessed be your good counsell for you have been an instrument to convert a soule from the errour of his way and save a soule from death and hide a multitude of transgressions Is it not a greater Priviledge for an Infant to be borne of a beleever then to be borne of a Jew a Turke or an Heathen yea For the Children borne of beleevers are brought up in holy instruction and education from their childe-hood as young Timothy was taught in the Scriptures from his youth by his mother Eunice seeing it is the charge the holy Spirit hath laid upon beleeving Parents Ephes 6. 4. Fathers provoke not your children to wrath But bring them up in the nurture and feare of the Lord. Whereas if their Parents were Jewes and Turkes and Heathens the Parents being without Christ being Aliants from the Common-wealth of Israel and strangers from the covenant of Promise having no hope and without God in the world Ephes 2 12. Their children brought up with them follow after Superstitious vanities and ferve dumbe Idolls as their Teachers and Fathers led them â— Cor. 12. 1. Fiftly They are people live under precious promises And hee hath promised that the eye of his providence shall bee over them all their dayes for good He biddeth them not distract themselves with immoderate carking care For what they shall eate or what they shall drinke or yet for their bodies what they shall put on Reasons Christ giveth are two First Your heavenly Father knoweth yee have need of all these things Secondly But seeke yee first the Kingdome of God and his righteousnesse and all these things shall be added unto you Matth. 6. 33. Now the members of the Church of Christ gathered according to Christs Institution Matth. 28. 18 19 20. are the Children of the Kingdome and under the Promise that God as a Father will provide for them Therefore they are exhorted to bee carefull for nothing But in every thing by Prayer and Supplications with thankesgiving let their request be made knowne unto God Philip. 4. 6. Hence the Apostle exhorteth the Church of â—he Hebrewes Let your conversation bee without covetousnesse and bee content with such things as yee have For he hath said I will never faile thee nor forsake thee So that we may boldly say the Lord is my helper And I will not feare what man shall doe unto me Hebr. 13. 5 6. Sixtly They are under the promise of Audience whensoever they come to petition in the name of his Sonne Jesus the Christ for what they want be they few or many Matth. 18. 19. I say to you that if two of you beleevers baptized agree in earth as touching any thing that they shall aske It shall bee done for them of my Father in Heaven Vers 20. For where two or three are gathered together in my Name that is by his Power Authority and Royall Commission he hath promised his presence there am I in the midst of them to heare and returne them an answer to their request yea and to protect and preserve his Church gathered in every Age to the ends of the world Thus at the Prayer of the Church that was reproched for holding forth the Faith of Jesus the gift of the holy Spirit was given to speake the Word of God with boldnes Acts 4. 31. At the earnest suit and intercession the Church made unto God Peter the Apostle was released out of his Imprisonment and brought to the house where they were praying Acts 12. Seventhly Lastly there is no Society hath such Priviledges as this Spirituall Hoâ—se which is constituted according to the Magna Charta of the Gospel Matth. 28. 18 19 20. Marc. 16. 15 16. though while they are in the Woâ—ld they are for the Faith of Jesus the Christ killed all the day long either in their good names by râ—proch and â—lander or in their estates by the â—ighty Nimrods of these oppresâ—â—ng daies they are exposed to plunâ—er and spoiling which they are to â—ake patiently Hebr. 10. 32. or in â—heir Liberties to be imprisoned for â—ontending for the Faith of Jesus â—he Christ 1 John 5. 1. Once given â—nto the Saints or forbid to preach â—ny more in his name as the Apoâ—tle Peter was Acts 4 18. or to have â—heir lives taken violently fâ—om â—hem as James the Apostle was by â—he Tyrant Herod Acts 12. 2. 3. And accounted But as sheepe for the slaughter regarded no more by the Wolves in sheepes clothing then the bloudy Butcher regardeth the life of his sheepe yet the poorest member amongst them is rich
had accompanied with him from the time of Iohns Baptisme untill the time of Christs ascension into glory that had been baptized were they also Re-baptized after the death and resurrection of Christ The Answer is Nay Because they had the promise of the holy Spirit to be given them without any more baptizing with water Acts 1. 5. Iohn truly baptized with water but yee shall be baptized with the holy Spirit not many dayes hence And the Lord made good his word of promise they were filled with the holy Spirit when the dayes of Pentecost were fully come Acts 2. 2 3 4 5. Thus I have answered the Objections Because If two Disciples of Christ agree together in earth touching any thing that they shall ask they have promise it shall bee done for them of his Father in heaven Mat. 18. 19. But there is no promise to any people in faith and order but a people agreed Reas 1. Because two cannot walk together unlesse they be agreed Amos 3. 3. neither can the heart of two beleevers truly consent to pray together unlesse they bee agreed touching the things they will ask of the Father of glory Reas 2. Difference of opinion causeth difference of affection and is an occasion of many deare and precious soules to withdraw communion as is to be seen in Barnabas and Paul dissenting about the choyce of a companion the contention grew so hot that they separated the one from the other Acts 15. 37 38 39 40. Two or three Disciples of Christ gathered together in his name that is by his power authority and royall Commission where-soever whether in the mountaine or in the desert or in ship or in the dungeon there will Christ be in the midst of them to heare and grant their petitions or deliver them out of trouble as he did Peter out of the prison at the intercession of the Church Act. 12. To all such as walk in this Gospel faith and order the Lord Jesus hath promised a greater manifestation of his presence and Spirit Joh. 14. 26. And John in the Island of Pathmos â—ound it Revel 1. 9 10. Yea and to all them that love him and keep his commandements the Father and the Sonne hath promised to owne their poor hearts to be his Temple and Palace where hee will abide and dwell Joh. 14. 23. Lastly All such as are congregated in Gospel faith and order have a promise from King Jesus of Royall Protection in their greatest dangers Heb. 13. 5 6. So that with the Prophet Habacuck they can glory in Christ in their greatest extremities Hab. 3. 17 18. Though the vine doe not yeeld her fruit and the fatnesse of the olive faile and the herd perish from the stall yet will I joy in the Lord and rejoyce in the God of my salvation But is there any hope to see the Nation of England reformed according to the Primitive pattern founded upon the word of the eternall Truth Ephes 2. 20. Yea. First Because there was never a more exact Covenant taken in no Realme or Nation since the dayes of zealous Josiah 2 Chron. 34. 31. and Nehemiah Nehem. 10. 29. than is in these our dayes to see a through Reformation in England and Ireland according to the word of God and to extirpate Popery Prelacy Superstition Schisme Heâ—esie in Doctrine Worship and Discipline that the Lord should be one and his Name one in the â—hree Kingdomes So that we are â—ot to leave so much as an hoofe behind us of any Superstition or Romish relique or any humane Tradition in Gods worship to be â—etained though it have remained â—nder the venerable garbe of Anâ—iquity Universality and Unity â—he three great pillars of the Roman Hierarchy Secondly Because there are in â—he Synod some learned pious tenâ—er conscientious men that in the â—ayes of the cruell and ambitious Prelates like the Priest and Levites 〈◊〉 the dayes of idolatrous Jeroboâ—m that served the Devils and the Calves hee made 2 Chron. 11. 13 14 â—5 left all their maintenance and went and lived in a strange land to enjoy the liberties of a good conscience and worship the Lord Jesus according to the light they had received that are at this day truly sensible what a burden thâ— Penall Statutes have beene in ouâ— Land in former times to tendeâ— consciences that desire without any sinister ends to see a Reformation according to Gods word therefore will never consent tâ— have such a Penall Law enacted as the Prelates of England oncâ— obtained by fraud and policy in the dayes of Richard the Second to kill the English Subjects that would declare the whole truth oâ— God so farre as it was revealed to them and keep a good consciencâ— toward God and man which occasioned the death of some of thâ— Nobility Gentry and Ministery in the Nation with many other of inferiour rank Thirdly There are in the higâ—â— and honourable Court of Parliament some such conscientious tender-hearted men that in the Preâ—ates dayes left if not sold their â—ossessions to goe into a desolate â—ildernesse to worship the Lord â—esus in spirit and truth according â—o the light God revealed unto â—hem and many other were folâ—owing after that are truly sensiâ—le that it hath ever been a plot of the Bishops and Priests to labour â—o enthrall the English Nobility and Commons in Parliament to â—â—ake Lawes to kill and imprison â—he conscientious in the Land that â—oe desire to worship the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ in spirit and â—ruth according to his revealed will in his owne word under the speâ—ious pretences of unity and uniformity in the worship of God as â—he Statutes of K. Henry 8. K. Edward 6. Q. Mary and Q. Elizabeth â—eclare Fourthly It is obvious to every well-affected Subject in the English Nation that when our Brethren that noble ancient warlike Nation the Scots contended for a Reformation according to the light they haâ— received and casting off Rome proud Papall and Prelaticall Government with all their deviseâ— formes of Worship they must havâ— dyed the English Prelates had sâ— farre incensed his Majesty against them and raised large summes oâ— money toward the levying of aâ— Army to kill and destroy them had not the Lord by his specialâ— providence prevented it Fifthly When the Lord opened the eyes of our deare and thricâ— noble Patriots of our Countrey assembled in Parliament to make a solemne Protestation to opposâ— all Popery and Popish innovations and to extirpate Episcopacy root and branch as a Plant thâ— heavenly Father never planted Then evill counsell prevailed with the King to withdraw from his Parliament and under the pretence of a Guard to protect his Person to make warre against his Parliament that they should dye But our faithfull Nobles and true hearted Commons in England reply Shall our Ionathans dye who have in part freed our consciences from Roman Traditions and ancient corrupt Festivals and covenanted with us for a
good Spirit The third Question is concerning the activenesse of Faith The Controversie is WHether Faith concurre as an active instrumentall cause to â—ur Justification In the explicating of it I must â—â—rst speake what it is that justifieth â—â—ee First we doe beleeve that in our â—ffectuall calling God draweth us to â—nion with Christ Ioh. 6. 44. Sheding abroad his Spirit in our hearts Rom. 5. 5. And working Faith in us 〈◊〉 receive Christ Ioh. 1. 12. 13. And 〈◊〉 live by Faith upon him Gal. 2. 20. Secondly we are no sooner alive in Christ but we are accounted of God â—s his adopted children in Christ Gal. â— 26. Ephes 1. 5. and so are made heires of righteousnesse Galat. 3. 29. God imputing the righteousnesse of his Sonne Jesus to us for our justification Rom. 4. 23. 24. 25. As we were no sooner alive in the first Adam but we became his children and heires of his transgression God imputing the guilt of it to our condemnation Now in this we all consent that in receiving the gift of Faith we are meerely passive But yet a double Question heere ariseth Whether in receiving of Chrisâ— or the Spirit who commeth into our hearts in his name we be meerly passive Whether our Faith bee active to lay hold upon the righteousnesse oâ— Christ before the Lord doe firsâ— impute the righteousnesse of Christ unto us Our Reasons are If it be the spirit of Grace sheâ— abroad in our hearts that doth beâ— get Faith in us then if wee were Passive in receiving Faith wee are much more passive in receiving Christ or the Spirit of Christ that begetteth Faith for if we have no life to be Active untill Faith come we have much lesse life to be Active before the Cause and root of Faith come But it is the spirit of Grace shed abroad in our hearts that begetteth Faith in us Zech. 12. 10. Therefore if we be Passive in receiving Faith we are much more Passive in receiving the spirit that begetteth Faith If we bee active in laying hold on Christ before he hath given us his Spirit then we apprehend him before he apprehend us then wee should doe a good act and so bring forth good fruites before wee become good trees yea and bee good trees before we be in Christ But these are all contrary to the Gospell Philip. 3. 12. 13. Matth. 7. 18. Iohn 15. 4. 5. Therefore wee bee not active in laying hold on Christ before hee he hath given us his Spirit Whether our Faith bee active to lay hold upon Christ for his righteousnesse before the Lord do first impute the righteousnesse of Christ to us we conceive no. For these Reasons If the sinne of Adam were imputed unto us for our condemnation assoone as we were alive by naturall life before we had done any act of life good or evill then the righteousnesse of Jesus Christ is imputed unto us to our Justification as soon as we be alive unto God by Faith before wee have done any act of Faith But the former is plaine Rom. 5. 18. 19. Therefore the latter also If our Faith be first active to lay hold upon Christ for his righteousnesse before God imputeth it unto us Then wee take Christs righteousnesse to our selves before it bee given unto us But that wee cannot doe for in the order of nature giving is the cause of taking unlesse wee take a thing by stealth If our Faith be first active in laying hold on Christ for his rightenesse before God impute it unto us then we doe justifie God before he doth justifie us For hee receiveth the testimony which God hath given of his Son that God hath given us life in his Sonne he hath set to his seale that God is true Iohn 3. 33. And so he which justifieth God as others that doe not receive the testimony condemne God of lying 1 Ioh. 5. 10. But we cannot Justifie God before he justiâ—e us no more then we can love him before hee first loved us 1 Ioh. 4. 19. If our Faith be first active to lay hold on Christ for his righteousnes before God impute his righteousnes unto us Then wee are righteous men to act and worke out our own righteousnesse before we be righteous by the imputed righteousnes of Christ But we be to our best acts and workes of righteousnesse unrighteous till our sinnes bee pardoned which is not untill the righteousnesse of Christ be imputed to us In the order of nature the object is before the act that is conversant about it Therefore it is in the order of nature before the act of our Faith To beleeve on the name of Christ is an act of Faith To beleeve on the name of Christ is to receive Christ Iohn 1. 12. Therefore the receiving of Christ is by an act of Faith The place in Iohn upon which the weight of this Argument lieth saith no more but that they which received Christ in the second Aorist in the time past doe beleeve on his name in the time present Which we willingly grant that they who receive Christ their faith becommeth active through him to beleeve in his name that so they might receive him and his righteousnesse We are justified by Faith Rom. 3. 28. When we are said to bee justified by Faith It is by the righteousnesse of Christ imputed unto us Abrahams To credere his act of beleeving was imputed unto him for righteousnesse Rom 4. 3. It is taken generally amongst the Learned for a singular opinion of Master Wotton that To credere the act of beleeving should be imputed for rigteousnesse For indeed the act of beleeving is neither a righteousnesse according unto the Law For the Law is perfect Psal 19. 7. Nor a righteousnesse according unto the Gospell For the act of beleeving is an act of our owne though given of grace But the righteousnesse of the Gospell is not an act of our own And therefore Paul desireth that he may be found in Christ not having his owne righteousnesse which is of the Law but that which is through the Faith of Christ the righteousnesse which is of God by faith Phil. 3. 9. to wit the righteousnesse of Christ imputed But this Doctrine is opposite unto the streame of all the Learned a passive Faith is not heard of amongst men and they doe genenerally make Faith an instrumentall cause of their Justification A passive Faith is rarely hard of out of my mouth but yet the thing meant by it is never rare in the writings of the learned nor sometimes the word passive Faith Two things are meant by the word of Faith and may be said to be passive in our Justification in a double respect Because a habite of Faith may be called passive before it putteth forth any act and we are justified assoone as by an habit of faith we are alive in Christ in the first moment of our conversion before