were the Lords Inheritance and when men began wickedly to alienate the same and usurp upon his sacred Right then his re-claim and re-seizure thereof condemns the usurpers of down-right theft Mal. 3. Is it so then that these things are Gods it is therefore but equity to pay them to God for equity requireth and Justice biddeth that we give to every one his own on the other side to with-hold them or to take them or any part of them from God is injury because so the right owner is wrong'd more seeing the owner of these things is not man but God it is impiety yea it is sacriledge the highest and the horriblest sin in that kind that can be Verse 15. Christ as a Prophet teacheth spiritually and powerfully spiritually the Word and the Spirit go both together the word is but a dead letter in its self further than the Spirit goes along with it according to that of Iohn 6. 63. If the Spirit goes with the Word then the Word proves Spirit and Life the Spirit worketh freely in the Preaching of the Gospel the Word is but an instrument in the hand of the Spirit by which it works Then Secondly Christ as a Prophet teacheth powerfully therefore the Gospel is call'd The power of God unto salvation and he is said Mat. 7. to teach as one having Authority his word had a commanding power and authority over their Spirits Whensoever Christ comes to preach to thy Soul he will come with power he will make a separation between thy soul and thy sins he will pluck thee off from thy base lusts and cursed practises as once he did Paul and so will Christ deal with thy Soul who ever thou art that cleavest as close to thy sins as thy skin to thy flesh he will fetch thee off from those by his powerful Preaching CHAP. XIX Verse 4. ALl sins then are not equall neither are all to be alike punish'd as by Draco's Laws they were in a manner which Laws are said to be writ not with Ink but blood because they punish'd every Peccadillo almost with blood There are difference in sins and must be so in their punishments He that hates his Neighbour and smites him that he dyes thine eye shall not pitty him verse 13. let him dye without mercy let no man mediate for him lest he draw upon the Land guilt of Blood and hinder the Man-slayer from Repentance But in case a Man kill his Neighbour ignorantly here is a City of refuge to fly unto that he may live And here in an Evangelical sence Christ is our City of Refuge to whom if we fly when we are pursued by the guilt of an evill Conscience we shall live none can take us out of his hands if we be in Christ the Rock Temptations and Oppositions as Waves dash upon us but break themselves Verse 14. How hainous a sin this is appears by this strict prohibition given by God himself back'd with a Curse Chap. 27. and that Curse seconded with a Woe by the Prophet Isaiah A vice so injurious that it was odious to the Heathen and therefore the Romans condemned the meaner sort who were guilty of it to the Mettal houses and banish'd the better sort with the loss of the third part of their Estates so that I cannot but wonder with what face our Anabaptists assert a Community of Goods I grant the Primitive Christians had all things common but that was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in regard of use not right and that by voluntary consent not necessary command the truth is that moral prohibition of stealing must be abolish'd and the Evangelical precept of Charity is needless if either men might not erect bounds of their possession or others might lawfully remove them at pleasure Verse 15. To blame then are those that proceed upon every idle surmize supposition or report and here it is further to be noted that three manner of persons can make no credible Witness or Information First Adversaries for evill will doth never speak well Secondly Ignorant men and those without judgement for he must be both a wise man and an honest man that ought to be a Witness for else if he be a wise man and not an honest man he is a Knave and again if he be an honest man and no wise man he may be a fool and therefore he is to be both wise and honest that is to be a Witness Thirdly whisperers and blowers in mens ears that will spue out in hugger-mugger more than they dare a vow openly To all such we must turn the deaf Ear the Tale-bearer and the Tale-hearer are both of them abominable to God Psalm 15. what matter therefore soever is established must be established at the mouth of two or three Witnesses that are both honest and wise Verse 20. They shall fear with a reverential fear from which will spring sincere service Aliorum perditio tua sit cautio let other Mens destruction be your Caution which is in the Psalmist expression to wash our feet in the Blood of the Wicked Psalm 59. 10. when the Righteous seeing the ruine of the Wicked shall become more Cautious And certainly worthily are they made examples that will not take them The fearful judgements that fall upon others should be a terror to us It is a just presage and desert of ruine not to be warn'd CHAP. XX. Verse 8. ALl the Lords Souldiers that fight his Battels and inroll their Names in his Muster-book must be men of stout courage and valiant men at Arms as they that go about a good Work he receiveth none into his Camp that are faint-hearted which are not able to encourage themselves but discourage others Hence it is that the Lord charg'd the Heralds at Arms to make Proclamation in the audience of the people Whosoever is afraid and faint-hearted c. God would have Wars made in his Name and therefore he would have Souldiers go to them without fear If a man be afraid it is a sign he hath no trust in God for he hath power to overcome fearfulness This serves to reprove all those who wanting the vertue of Valour and this gift of magnanimity do betray themselves and yeild to most unequal conditions and make an agreement upon dishonourable termes When Benhadad the King of Aram laid siege to Samaria and sent unto Ahab saying Thy silver and thy gold is mine Ahab stooped and submitted himself unto him saying My Lord according as thou hast said I am thine But our trust and confidence must be in God and then we shall not fear what man can do unto us Verse 12. The people of God may lawfully make Wars both offensive and defensive against their enemies Thus when Amalek fought with the people of God in Rephidim Moses said to Ioshua Chuse us out men and go sight Amalek so he discomfited Amalek and his people with the edg of the Sword Many other testimonies might be brought and
Master requests where he might constrain God will make no Covenant with the unwilling how much lesse the Covenant of Grace which stands all upon Love If we stay till God offer violence to our will or to us against our will we shall die Strangers from him The Church is the Spouse of Christ he will enjoy her Love by a willing Contract not by a Ravishment the obstinate have nothing to do with God the title of all Converts is a willing people Verse 9. This shews how careful great Ones should be to grace and countenance the Ministers of the Word before the People to the end their words may have more weight with their Hearers and their service and pains do more good But now it is farre otherwise with too many For great men must shew their greatness in disgracing the Lords Prophets and meaner men shew their malice in spreading false rumors of them Verse 10. Those Garments must be washed which should never wax old that now they might begin their age in purity as those which were in more danger of being foul than bare The danger was neither in their Garments nor their Skin yet they must be wash'd that they might learn by their clothes with what Souls to appear before their God For little would neatness of Vestures avail them with a filthy Soul The God of Spirits looks to the inner man and challenges the purity of that part which resembles himself Cleanse your hands you sinners and purge your hearts ye double minded Verse 14. We are all by our corruption most unfit profitably to hear the Word of God unless we be sanctified and prepared thereunto by the Spirit of God And therefore we ought to make ready for so holy a work by all due care before-hand and to purge our hearts from all cares troubles and impediments whatsoever The Word of God is not to be handled with unclean hands neither will enter into unclean hearers Verse 16. A good way to make a profitable hearer is first to shake him and throw him down in himself For then assuredly the Word entreth more powerfully and he hath a more excellent touch then without such humbling he would have had Remember how St. Paul was thrown down Acts 9. 4. Surely such rushings and shakings and spiritual frightings in Conscience hath the Lord his gracious meaning in to beat us down in our selves that we may more carefully hearken unto him In sickness in prison in poverty in trouble men have other ears than they have in prosperity Verse 21. Curiosity in matters forbidden is odious unto God and therefore ver 12. there were bounds put to the Mount to shew that God would have every man content with that which it pleaseth him to vouchsafe him of revelation and knowledge The Lord hath revealed his Will in his Word and beyond those limits we must not go having no ear to hear where he hath not a mouth to speak Secondly we learn here how profitable the presence of a Magistrate is to make people keep order For surely men are marvellous apt to transgress and therefore again and again they must be admonished by Moses Give Laws never so good and let there not be a Governour to see the execution of them and 't is too clear what little good such Laws do CHAP. XX. Verse 6. THere is no judgement that God executes but Mercy is mingled with it go over any that were executed since the beginning of the World still there was Mercy in it but there is Mercy often manifested where there is no Judgement in it Here is the difference Judgement is never entire but there is some Mercy in it Mercy is alwayes entire and there is no mixture of Judgement at all in it See the effects in regard of extent God saith he will punish to the third and fourth Generation the Fathers upon the Children that is a long time but it is nothing to his Mercy I will shew Mercy sayes God here to thousands of Generations A thousand Generations is longer than the World shall last For there were but forty two Generations from the Creation to Christ A hundred Generations is like to be longer than the World shall last yet God will be merciful to thousands of Generations if it last so long or if not he will be so for ever A large Periphrasis to set forth the Mercy of God Ver. 18. Here you may learn the difference between the Law and the Gospel The Law fearing and frighting shaking and shivering the heart of man beateth down his pride and makes him cry with the Prodigal Son I am not worthy I am not worthy O Father to be called thy Son Luke 15. 19. Yea it makes him stand afar off with the poor Publican and smite his breast in true feeling of his sin and to beseech God for Mercy to a Sinner But now the Gospel cheereth and comforteth helpeth and healeth and sweetly allureth to come in all joyful assurance of Mercy by him who hath fulfill'd the Law for us and taken away the curse of it Heb. 12. 18 c. Verse 20. There is a fear acceptable to God and yet hath in it a trembling an horror a consternation an astonishment an apprehension of Gods dereliction for a time The Law here was given in thundring and lightning and the people were afraid How proceeds Moses with them Fear not saith he for God is come to prove you that his fear might be before your eyes Here is a fear not that is fear not with despair nor with diffidence but yet therefore that you may fear the Law For in this place the very Law its self which is given to direct them is called fear as in another place God himself is call'd Fear Gen. 31. as he is in other places called Love too Iacob swore by the fear of his Father Isaac i. e. by him whom his Father Isaac fear'd Verse 24. God who was never visible to mortal eye was pleas'd to make himself presential by substitution of his Name that is in certain places he hath appointed that his Name shall be called upon and by promising and imparting such Blessings which he hath made consequent to the invocation of his Name hath made such places to be a certain determination of some special manner of his presence For Gods Name is not a distinct thing from himself not an Idea and it cannot be put into a place in literal signification the expression is to be resolved into some other sense Gods Name is that whereby he is known by which he is invocated that which is the immediate publication of his Essence And because God is essentially present in all places when he makes himself present in one place more than another it cannot be understood to any other purpose but that in such places he gives special Blessings and Graces or that in those places he appoints his Name that is himself specially to be invocated CHAP. XXI Verse 6. THe boaring of his
scent and savour of their Actions as the sound of their Words CHAP. XL. Verse 13. MOses that is appointed here to annoint and consecrate others was never annointed and consecrated himself that so we might learn not to value external Sacraments or Signs by the Dignity of the Minister but by the Ordinance of God Again that the invisible Grace is of force without the visible sign when God will have it so as in Moses here but then withal we must know that this was an extraordinary Command of God to Moses who was then Gods Vicegerent or Vicar-general and therefore what he did God did And certainly God who is the Author of all order may prescribe the form and manner of it Verse 16. Observe how often from this to the two and thirtieth verse is repeated as the Lord commanded Moses and see how sweet commanded Obedience is Were it as acceptable to God to be served with inventions never would these repetitions be made Beware therefore of these wayes and in very reason conclude that if you expect from your Servant your Commands to be fulfill'd according to your will much more may God expect the same obedience from you Verse 32. Those that dispense Gods Ordinances that wait upon his Altar must come with clean hands and a pure heart Holiness becomes every man well but best of all publick persons and that not only for example of good but liberty of controlling ill The Snuffers of the Sanctuary made to purge others must be of pure Gold themselves and the Priest that is to purifie and cleanse the Congregation must be first washed himself But now suppose the Priest be unclean be vicious and who can say he is not so must â—he People notwithstanding seek the Law at his mouth follow his Doctrine Yes certainly For what if the Sacrificer be unclean is the Offering so Scripture is Scripture though the Devil speak it Verse 34. That thus he might grace that outward place now appointed for holy Assemblies to serve him and so to the Worlds end teach how great account all People ought to make of their Churches and Church-meetings Verse 36. The Children of Israels Journey to Canaan was thorow the Wilderness of Arabia Their Guides were a Pillar of Cloud by day and a Pillar of Fire by night The manner of their Journey was this When the Pillar moved they moved when the Pillar stood still they stood still By all which a further matter namely the regiment of Christ over his Church is signified Every one of us is as Passengers and Travellers to an heavenly Canaan and in this Journey we are to passe through the desart Wilderness of this World Our Guide is Christ himself figured by the Pillar of Fire and Cloud because by his Word and Spirit he sheweth us how far we may go in every Action and where we must stand and he goes before us as our Guide to life everlasting A PRACTICAL COMMENTARY UPON THE THIRD BOOK OF MOSES CALLED LEVITICUS CHAP. I. Verse 4. THE party bringing the Sacrifice did by this sign of laying on his hand c. acknowledge that he himself deserved to die but by the Mercy of God he was spared and his desert laid upon the Beast Secondly that it is not enough to believe that Christ was to die for sin but he must lay his hand upon Christ i. e. lay upon him all his iniquities by the hand of his Faith apply Christ to himself and believe that he died for his sins my sins your sins being the only Propitiation for sin Thirdly this laying on the hand shewed that men bringing Sacrifices to God should rather sacrifice their exorbitant affections than those Beasts Verse 5. The reason why God tyed them to a place and not suffered them to sacrifice where they pleased was that by this means they might be kept from using any unlawful manner in their Sacrifices which they might have done if in every place at their pleasure they might have Sacrificed The same reason is now for our set publick places of Gods Worship where the people are to perform their Duties to God after one manner not allowed at their will every one to have a several place lest private places should breed private Fancies Errors and Heresies in the Church Verse 6. This was to teach the Party that offered the Sacrifice to offer up himself to the Lord flayed and without skin that is without all counterfeit and hypocritical shews without all earthly vain and proud Confidence in himself or any Works or Worth whatsoever in him but naked and bare to present himself to his God with a single and faithful heart boasting of no Desert but humbly craving Mercy and Pardon for Christs sake the true Sacrifice Verse 17. This was a great comfort to the poorer sort of Offerers for thus are they assured that although they were not of ability to Offer unto him Oxen and Sheep yet were they as dear to him as those that could so do and their Sacrifice of Pigeons or Turtles yeelded as sweet a savour And thus gracious will God ever be even two Mites of a poor Widdow shall be accepted and a little Spice or Goats-hair or what my power is to bring unto him shall be received For it is not the Gift but the Heart of the Giver that God looks upon and respects and thus the poor Widdows Mite could weigh but little very little with God but the Heart weigh'd heavy and so her Heart being put to her Mite gave it weight above the greater but far more heartless largesses of the Pharisees CHAP. II. Verse 6. THis Offering thus parted and sprinkled with Oyl signified the Graces of Gods Spirit where with Christ was fully annointed within and without above his fellows For they were only singly annointed either as Kings or as Priests or as Prophets but Christ was a thrice Sacred annointed Person a Prophet to teach us by his Word a Priest to purge us by his Blood a King to guide us by his Spirit And this three-fold Office of our Saviour was really represented by the Oyl wherewith he was annointed For first Oyl is said in the Psalms to make a chearful countenance and thus doth Christ as a Prophet make not only a cheerful Countenance but a cheerful Heart and Soul by Preaching the glad Tydings of Salvation Secondly Oyl doth supple and cure Wounds and so doth Christ as a Priest the Wounds of our Souls and Consciences with that precious Ointment of his Blood Thirdly Oyl will still be the uppermost of all Liquors so likewise Christ as a King is above Men and Angels hath the Soveraignty over all the Creation Verse 11. By this Rule of having no Leaven they were taught the purity of Christs Doctrine and the Holiness of his Life his Doctrine so pure that it maketh others pure Iohn 15. 3. and his Life so pure that not only his false Accusers could fasten no fault upon him but by his Innocency he appeased
VVHo can better order an Army than the Lord of Hosts and who more fit to lead his people into the Land of Canaan than he that brought them out of the house of bondage and he alone it is that doth here marshal the Camp of Israel order the Militia of his People and make them as an Army terrible with banners Terrible and full of Majesty either to draw Hearts or to daunt them God is both the Van and Rear in the Churches Army The Lord will go before you and the God of Israel will be your reward So that although Satan muster up all his Forces Tyrants Hereticks and the like that invade the Church and assault her on all sides yet they shall find her invincible Many a time have they afflicted me from my youth may Israel say but they have not prevailed against me Psalm 129. the Church is invincible and only the Church Athens took upon her of old to be so and Venice of late boasteth the like but time hath confuted the one and may soon do the other when the Church shall stand firm because founded on a Rock Verse 3. God providing here for the good of his People appointeth Officers and Magistrates over them and leaves them not to themselves which would have been the occasion of much contention Every Tribe had his certain Captain and Leader designed by God who is the God of order and therefore giveth to his People Rulers to fight their Battles and to guide them in order and Godliness Faithful Magistrates are needful for Church and Common-wealth who are not only a portion among Believers but the chief parts and stay of them in well-doing both in Peace and War Verse 10. Reuben was the Eldest Son of Iacob and to him as the First-born the Birth-right did belong and yet we see verse 3. that Iudah was placed before him thus doth God sometimes shew himself a just Judge in punishing sin and yet withall a merciful Father to Reuben in his Posterity for whereas he had deserved to be raced out of the number of Gods people because of his Incest yet God allowed Reuben here the second place among the Tribes So that all-be-it he was punish'd justly he was punish't gently Thus God dealeth evermore he will punish sin but he will do it in mercy not in severity gently not rigorously for Correction and not seeking the ruine of his Children CHAP. III. Verse 1. THere is a Natural Generation and there is a Moral or spiritual Generation my Father begets me the first way and my God or my Teacher the second way Thus here Moses did Regenerate what Aaron had begot he was a Father by his directions and instruction when Aaron was only by Nature The word delivered by Gods Minister for our spiritual Birth and Education is not a dead letter an empty sound as some would have it for together with the Word there goes forth a Regenerating power the exhortations thereof are operative means of Sanctification as when God said Let there be light or Christ said Lazarus come forth The Spirit maketh the seed of the Word profitable and generative And hence Ministers are call'd Fathers as Moses here was Father to Aarons Children who are therefore call'd his Generation Verse 4. When God had formerly sent his fire from above and commanded the continuance of that fire for Nadab and Abihu to fetch prophane Coals to Gods Altar could savour of no less than presumption and Sacriledge when we bring zeal without knowledg mis-conceits of Faith carnal Affections the devices of our will-worship superstitious devotions unto Gods service we bring common fire to his Altar these Flames were neveâ— of his kindling he hates both Altar Fire Priest and Sacrifice And now behold â—he same Fire that consumed the Sacrifices before consumes the Sacrificers It was the sign of Gods acceptation in consuming the Beast but whiles it destroyed Men the fearful sign of his displeasure By the same means God can bewray both love and hatred And here one might have thought that being but young Men and not yet warm in their Function both Age and Inexperience might have excus'd them but no pretences can bear off a sin with God That no man may hope the plea either of Birth or Youth or of the first Commission of Evill may challenge pardon I see here young Men Sons of the Ruler of Israel for the first offence struck dead Verse 13. The First-born are said to be Gods by several Rights First by right of Redemption he that is saved is not his own but his that saved him He hath saved us from our enemies that we might serve him Luke 1. 74. Christ hath therefore broke the Devils yoke from off our Necks that we might take upon us his yoke that is easie and his burthen that is light serve we must still but after another manner as the Israelites did when freed from the Egyptian bondage Yet thou shalt keep this service saith Moses Exod. 12. 25. Secondly the first-born are Gods by right of dilection as usually best beloved that together with our Children he might draw to himself the best of our affections Thirdly by right of Sanctification they were saparated they were sanctified to the Lord to wait on his Altar to shew that singular things are expected of all that draw nigh unto God in any duty but especially in the office of the Ministry Those that stand in the presence of Princes must be exact in their carriage God appointed both the weights and measures of the Sanctuary to be twice as large as those of the Common-Wealth which implies that he expects much more from those that serve him there than he doth from others CHAP. IV. Verse 9. A Type of Christ who is light Essential and giveth light to every man that cometh into the world to every man the light of Reason to his own a supernatural light to know Heavenly things an affecting transforming Light which shall change us into the same Image with himself from glory to glory as the Pearl by the often beating of the Sun-beams upon it becomes Radiant which will make us walk as the children of Light like so many Christal glasses with a light in the midst of each which appeareth throw every part of them and in respect of this light every Created understanding in its highest abilities is at the most but as Aeschilus saith of Fire stoln by Prometheus a beam of that Light Essential Verse 19. Aaron and his Sons must appoint the Cohathites their several Offices and shew them what part every particular person must bear that the wrath of God do not break in among them and this consideration of the wrath of God ready to come upon offenders ought to encrease their care to do the duty that God requires Holy things must be handled Reverently Religiously Whatever matters of God we meddle withall whether it be Hearing of his Word or Receiving of the Sacrament or Calling on his Name we are
Royal Prophet sings Blessed is the people that know the joyful sound Psalm 80 15. that can discern and feel the comfortable sound of Gods Word the free use of his Ordinances serving God with chearfulness and giving him thanks with exaltation of heart and rapture of Spirit Verse 31. Why doth Moses so earnestly desire this Hobab to be their guide in the way was not the All-seeing Eye of God sufficient had not he promised to conduct them and had they not the pillar of Cloud to go before them most true yet humane helps when they may be had and God offers them to our hand may not be neglected The using of lawful means doth not oppose or afront the providence of God who it is true can work without means but yet we must attend unto his will and not stand upon his naked power without his will Verse 35. It is a great encouragement to know the forms that the Saints prevailed with God of old that God accepted such Prayers at their hands he that accepted them then if we send them by the same Spirit will accept them now And therefore it is that we have mention upon Record of the Prayers of Abraham of Iacob of Moses here and in other places of David of Hezekiah and divers others To what end and purpose but that we might thereby learn to fit our selves with words to attain a habit of Prayer by studying these forms For which reason also it was that in the Old Testament for all duties of piety and Religion there were forms set For the blessing of the People there was a form set Numb 6. In time of Repentance and Humiliation the Prophet sets them a form Ioel 2. and so here when the Ark removed there was a form for that Sacrifice Arise O Lord and let thine Enemies be scattered and when the Ark stood still Return O Lord to the many thousands of Israel CHAP. XI Verse 4. THe thirst of Israel is well quench'd and now they complain as fast for hunger the other mutiny for Water was of some few Male-contents this was of the whole Troop Not that none were free Caleb Ioshua Moses Aaron Miriam were not yet tainted Usually God measures the state of any Church or Country by the most the greatest part carries both the Name and Censure Sins are so much greater as they are universal so far is evill from being extenuated by the multitude of the guilty that nothing can more aggravate it With men commonness may plead for favour with God it pleads for Judgement Many hands draw the Cable with more violence than few The leprosie of the whole Body is more loathsome than that of the part Verse 5. Contentation is a rare Blessing because it arises either from a fruition of all Comforts or a not desiring of some which we have not Now we are never so bare as not to have some benefits never so full as not to want something God hath much ado with us either we lack Health or Quietness or Children or Wealth or Company or our selves in all these We remember when we sate by the flesh-pots of Egypt and did eat freely of their Cucumbers and Melons and Leeks and Onyons Every Mind remembers and affects that which is like its self Carnal minds are for the flesh-pots of Egypt though bought with servitude spiritual are for the presence of God though Redeem'd with Famine and would rather dye in Gods presence than live without him in the sight of delicate and full dishes Verse 8. The same hand that rain'd Manna into the Israelites Tents could have Rain'd it into their Mouths or Laps God loves we should take pains for our spiritual food Little would it have availed them that the Manna lay about their Tents if they had not gone forth and gathered it beaten and baked it Let Salvation be never so plentiful if we bring it not home and make it ours by Faith we are no whit the better If the work done and means us'd had been enough to give life no Israelite had dyed their Bellies were full of that Bread whereof one Crum gives life yet they dyed many of them in displeasure As in Natural so in Spiritual things we may not trust to means the Carkals of the Sacrament cannot give life but the Soul of it which is the thing represented Verse 9. The meat of these Israelites was strange but nothing so strange as their Bread from the first day that their Manna fell till their setling in Canaan God wrought a perpetual miracle in this food a miracle in the place other bread rises up from below this fell down from above neither did it ever Rain Bread till now yet so did this Heavenly shower fall that it is confined to the Camp of Israel a miracle in the quantity that every morning should fall enough to fill so many hundred thousand maws and mouths A miracle in the Composition that it is sweet like Hony-Cakes round like Corianders transparent as dew A miracle in the quality that it melted by one heat by another hardened A miracle in the difference of the fall that as if it knew times and would teach them as well as feed them it fell double in the Evening of the Sabbath and on the Sabbath fell not A miracle in the continnance and ceasing that this shower of Bread followed their Camp in all their removals till they came to tast of the bread of Canaan and then withdrew it self as if it had said ye need no miracles now you have means Verse 18. God tells the Jews here that they had wept in his ears God had heard them weep but for what and how they wept for Flesh there was a Tincture a deep die of murmuring in their Tears Christ goes as far in the passion in his agony and he comes to a passionate deprecation in his tristis anima and in this Si possibile and his Transeat calix But as all these Passions were sanctified in the root from which no bitter Leaf nor crooked Twigg could spring so they were instantly wash'd with his veruntamen a present and a full submitting of all to Gods pleasure yet not my will O Father but thine be done Verse 22. When our own provision fails then not to distrust the provision of God is a noble tryal of Faith Shall our flocks and herds be slain cries even Moses Whereas he should have said God who stopp'd the mouth of the Sea that it should not devour us can as easily stop the mouth of our stomack he that commanded the Sea to stand still and guard us can as easily command the Earth to nourish us he that made the Rod a Serpent can as easily make these stones Bread Why do we not wait on him whom we have found so powerful Now they set the Mercy and Love of God upon a wrong Last while they measure it only by their present sence While we see our daily Bread on our Cubbord we believe let God
not so affect us if it were not with the danger of our own Secure minds never startle till God come home to their sences Verse 4. The Midianites joyn with the Moabites in Consultation in Action against Israel one would have thought they should have look'd for favour from Moses for Iethro's sake who was both a Prince in their Country and Father in Law to Moses and either now or not long before was with Israel in the Wilderness Neither is it unlike but that Moses having found forty years harbour among them would have been what he might inclineable to favourable treaties with them but now they are so fast link'd to Moab that they will either sink or swim together Intireness with wicked consorts is one of the strongest Chains of Hell and binds us to a participation both of sin and punishment an easie occasion will knit wicked hearts together in conspiracy against the Church of God Verse 6. Their Errand is Divelish Come curse Israel that which Sathan could not do by the Sword of Og and Seon he will now try to effect by the Tongue of Balaam If either strength or policy would prevail against Gods Church it could not stand And why should not we be as industrious to promote the glory of God and bend both our hands and heads to the causes of the Almighty When all helps fail Moab the Magician is sent for it is the sign of a desperate Cause to make Sathan either our Counsellor or Refuge Verse 9. I should wonder to hear God speak with a false Prophet if I did not know it hath been no rare thing with him as with men to bestow words where he will not bestow favour Not the sound of the voice of God but the matter which he speaks argues love he may speak to an Enemy he speaks peace to none but his own It is a vain bragg God hath spoken to me so may he do to Reprobates or Devils but what said he Did he say to my Soul I am thy Salvation hath he indented with me that he will be my God and I shall be his I cannot hear this voice and not live God heard all the Consultation and Message of these Moabites these Messengers could not have moved their Foot or their Tongue but in him and yet he which asked Adam where he was asks Balaam What men are these I have ever seen that God loves to take occasion of proceeding with us from our selves rather than from his own immediate prescience Hence it is that we lay open our Wants and confess our sins to him that knows both better than our own hearts because he will deal with us from our own mouths Verse 12. The reward of the divination had easily commanded the Journey and Curse of the Covetous Prophet if God had not stayed him How oft are Wicked men Curs'd by a Divine hand even in those sins which their Hearts stand to It is no thank to lewd men that their Wickedness is not prosperous Whence it is that the World is not over-run with Evil but from this that Men cannot be so ill as they would Verse 15. Where Wickedness meets with power it thinks to command all the World and takes great scorn of any repulse So little is Balack discouraged for one refusal that he sends so much the stronger Message more Princes and more Honourable O that we could be so importuuate for our good as Wicked Men are for the compassing of their designs a Denial doth but whet the desires of vehement Suitors Why are we faint in Spiritual things when we are not denied but delayed Verse 22. We that see only the outside of Balaam may wonder why he that permitted him to go afterward opposeth his going but God that saw his Heart perceived what corrupt affections carried him he saw that his covetous desires and wicked hopes grew the stronger the nearer he came to his end an Angel is therefore sent to with-hold the hasty Sorcerer Our inward disposition is the life of our actions according to that doth the God of Spirits judge us whiles men censure according to our external motions To go at all when God had commanded to stay was presumptuous but to go with a desire to Curse made the act doubly sinful and fetcht an Angel to resist it It is one of the worthy employments of good Angels to make secret opposition to evill designs many a wicked act have they hindred without the knowledg of the Agent It is all one with the Almignty to work by Spirits and Men it is therefore our glory to be thus set on Work to stop the course of evill either by disswasion or violence is an Angelical service Verse 28. That no man may marvel to see Balaam have visions from God and utter Prophecies from him his very Ass hath his Eyes opened to see the Angel which his Master could not and his mouth opened to speak more reasonably than his Master There is no Beast deserves so much wonder as this of Balaam whose common sence is advanc'd above the Reason of his Rider so as for the time the Prophet is brutish and the Beast Prophetical who can but stand amaz'd at the Eye at the Mouth of this silly Creature for so dull a sight it was much to see a bodily object that were not too apparent but to see that Spirit which his Rider discern'd not was far beyond Nature To hear a Voice to come from that Mouth which was used only to bray it was strange and uncouth but to hear a Beast whose Nature is noted for incapacity to out-reason his Master a professed Prophet is in the very height of Miracles Yet no heart can stick at these that considers the dispensation of the Almighty in both Our Eye could no more see a Beast than a Beast can see an Angel if he had not given this power to it and if his power can make the very Stones to speak how much more a Creature of sense we may wonder we cannot distrust when we compare the act with the Author which can as easily Create a Voice without a Body as a Body without a Voice There is no Mouth into which God cannot put words and how oft doth he chose the weak and unwise to confound the Learned and Mighty Verse 32. I hear the Angel of God taking notice of the cruelty of Balaam to his Beast his first words to the unmerciful Prophet are in expostulating the wrong We little think it but God shall call us to an account for the cruel unmerciful usage of his poor mute Creatures He hath made us Lords not Tyrants Owners not Tormentors he that hath given us leave to kill them for our use hath not given us power to abuse them at our pleasure they are so our Drudges as that they are our Fellows by Creation It was a signe the Magician would easily strike Israel with a Curse when he wish'd for a Sword to strike his harmless Beast It is
destruction therefore our only safety standeth in Prayer and begging Gods assistance Fourthly We have daily Temptations Bodily and Ghostly arising from the World the Flesh and the Devil and therefore saith our Saviour Watch and pray that ye enter not into temptation Mat. 26. So then this Morning and Evening Sacrifice should direct us how and when to Worship God we must remember him in the Morning and Evening he must be the first and last in our thoughts we must begin the day and end it with him Verse 9. Every day in the Week ought to be the Christians Sabbath wherein he is to perform some duties or other of Religion but every Seventh Day should be a double Sabbath wholly taken up in the Service and Worship of God When our whole work must be to beravish'd in Spirit doing no Work but such as whereby we either bless God or look to receive a Blessing from him none but such as wherein we would the Lord should find us at his coming which Lactantius saith Will be on the Sabbath day And therefore the Jews call'd the Sabbath the Queen of dayes blessing the Lord at its coming in and going out that God might have both the first and the last Fruits of the day Verse 26. Here is handled the Feast of Pentecost or of Weeks to give God thanks after the gathering of the Harvest For in as much as God hath not only set us in this World but supplies and feeds us in it so that we live by his bounty and liberality it was his will that the Jews should keep a yearly Feast to him to give him thanks that hereby they might acknowledg all the year after that they were sustain'd by his hand Secondly These first Fruits figured out Gods Church which is a people separated unto him from the rest of the World For as the first Fruits were separated from the rest of the heap unto God so is the state of the Church call'd and cull'd out of the World unto his service CHAP. XXIX Verse 1. THis Feast of Trumpets was to be a Feast of remembrance of Gods manifold mercies received in the Wilderness that thereby they might stir up themselves to be united to God and may serve to stir us up to return unto God Praise and Thanksgiving with joyfulness of heart for all his benefits according to that of Psalm 81. 1 2. Make a joyful noise unto the God of Iacob Take a Psalm and bring hither the timbrel blow up the Trumpet in the New-Moon so David having experience of Gods goodness towards him in many preservations composed the eighteenth Psalm as a testimony of his thankfulness for his deliverance from his Enemies And although this Feast is pass'd away and abolish'd by the coming of Christ yet this remaineth that we our selves should serve for Trumpets For as the Temple being destroyed we must be spiritual Temples unto God so the Trumpets being taken away every one of us must be spiritual Trumpets i. e. we should rouze up our selves from the World and the vanities thereof Our Ears are so possess'd with the sound of earthly things and our Eyes so dazled with the pleasures of the flesh that we are as deaf and blind men that can neither hear nor see what God saith unto us wherefore we must not look till there be a solemn holy-day to call us unto the Church there to keep a Feast of Trumpets but it must serve us all the dayes of our life as a spur to cause us to return to God Verse 7. The Jews were here to afflict their Souls with voluntary sorrow for their sins for the whole year and so dispose themselves to obtain pardon and reconciliation For whereas in their private Sacrifices they durst not confess their capital sins for fear of Death due to them by the Law God graciously provided and instituted this yearly Sacrifice of Atonement and afflicting their Souls for the sins of the whole people without particular acknowledgment of any After the same manner the Lords Supper is with us a day of Atonement or afflicting of our Souls for the Passover must be eaten with four hearbs And further we may observe from hence that this day of afflicting their Souls was to be immediately before the Feast of Tabernacles verse 12. they were to be kept in sorrow five dayes before they might keep their Feast of joy which Feast signified the spiritual joy and gladness of the Saints that are redeemed by Christ all their life long We must first look upon him whom we have pierc'd and weep for him before we can receive any comfort by him We must afflict our Souls for his Passion before we shall partake of the joy of his Resurrection Verse 12. This Feast was call'd the Feast of Tabernacles because during the dayes of this Feast they were to live in Tents and Tabernacles it being a memorial of Gods preserving them in the Wilderness where was no house for them to rest in and from hence we may learn that it is a duty belonging to all to remember the dayes of their troubles and afflictions from which God in great mercy hath delivered us We are ready to forget our former condition when God hath given us rest and therefore God would have his own people year by year to depart out of their Houses and dwell in Tents that thereby they should call to mind both where they were and where they had been that although they now were at rest and ease in the Land of Canaan yet they had not alwayes been so for God had carried them upon Eagles wings and preserved them after a miraculous manner in the Wilderness CHAP. XXX Verse 2. VVHen a man vows he vows unto the Lord and therefore if he breaks it he sins against the Lord. Who expects he should have kept touch with him and accordingly will punish such a vow-breaker for he hath not lyed unto men but unto God Acts 5. As God is true saith St. Paul 2 Cor. 1. 18. our word towards you was not yea and nay but yea and Amen For the Son of God c. Why what 's all this to the purpose may some say yes very much For it implies that what a Christian doth promise to men much more to God he is bound by the earnest penny of Gods Spirit to perform he dares no more alter and falsifie his word than the Spirit of God can lye And as he looks that Gods promises should be made good to him so he is careful to pay what he hath vowed to God seeing Gods Covenant is of mercy ours of obedience and if we expect that God should be all sufficient to us we must be altogether faithful to him Verse 8. The power and authority of the Husband over the Wife is very great for all be it the Wife be at liberty to vow in the Lord when her Husband is dead yet while he lives he hath power to disanul her vows The Husband is the head of the