according to the Directory So here it doth not follow that we may not use the words of either of the Evangelists but on the contrary that we may indifferently use the words of either and so may pray either in the form of words recorded by the Evangelist Matthew or else according to this form in the text We think it not unlawfull but expedient in the celebration of the Lords Supper to retain the words of some of the Evangelists or of the Apostle Paul 1 Cor. 11. upon that occasion And so I see no sufficient reason but we may and that it is expedient to use Christs owne words either at his first or second delivery of it either as recorded by one or the other Evangelist And lastly who knowes but Jesus Christ speaking Syriack the language then commonly used by the Jewes might expresse himselfe in the same Syriack words at both times and yet the Evangelists render the same diversly in another tongue keeping still the same sense as the same Greek words may be truly translated and yet rendred in English in severall or diverse words but all to the same sense Obj. But it is our duty to pray in the Spirit in the holy Ghost and so as the holy Spirit immediately moves us or suggests to us for matter and words and method and so we are not to be tied to any form of prayer Possibly this was and might be used for a time namely till Christ was glorified and the holy Ghost given as Johns form might last till Jesus Christ gave a new one so this form of prayer might be of use untill the coming down of the holy Ghost to teach Christians to pray of themselves without this or any other form Ans To this Objection I say three things 1. That we are now to pray in the holy Ghost in a right sense but not in the sense and manner above alleadged And so to say no more did those before Christs coming 2. That we may truly pray in the Spirit according to our duty although we use the Lords Prayer 3. The coming of the holy Ghost hath not taken away the Lords Prayer but that notwithstanding it may be used in the prayers of the Church and her Members until Christ come again Of the first All Christians 't is true must pray in the Spirit as all Ministers of Christ are to preach in the evidence and demonstration of the Spirit and in words which the holy Ghost teacheth and yet this hinders not but we may and must study and premeditate for our Sermons not alway expecting extraordinary supplies from the holy Ghost so as that it should be given us always in that houre what to preach and it should not be we that preach or speak but the holy Ghost in us The holy Ghost hath made known to us the minde of God in the Scriptures we are to study them and the matters contained in them and to preach the Word of God Scripture-truthes plainly and affectionately as those who have found favour to be taught of God to have our understandings opened to understand the Scriptures to have our wills bowed to Gods revealed will and our affections warmed with love to the truth and zeale for it and as those who have in themselves experimented those things which they declare unto others Besides Ministers may and ought to read the holy Scriptures and in so doing although for the present they are tied unto words yet this doth in no wise quench the Spirit the Scriptures themselves being dictated by the Spirit so when we pray we are to pray in the Spirit that is for such things and in such a manner as the holy Ghost teacheth in the Scriptures of truth we are to pray in faith to come to God in Christs name merits mediation trusting to be heard and answered for Christs sake with earnestnesse and importunity and so with such sighs and groans which are unutterable which cannot sufficiently be expressed in words 2. As Believers before Christ particularly Moses and Aaron had the Spirit and his help and assistance in prayer so far as was requisite notwithstanding they sometimes used prescribed forms of Gods own inditing appointing And as Iesus Christ himself prayed in the spirit when he prayed in the words of David Psal 22.1 My God my God why hast thou forsaken me So those that are Christs may pray also in the spirit in the using the prayer of Christ that being a Prayer for matter method words composed by him who had the Spirit without measure recorded in the very form of a Prayer and with this preface When ye pray say c. by the holy Ghost that is by the Evangelist moved and assisted infallibly by the holy Ghost If that place be urged 1 Cor. 14.15 I will pray with the spirit and with understanding also I answer it followes I will sing with the Spirit and with understanding also So that if the former part could possibly with any good reason be expounded so as to debarre us from the use of the Lords prayer the latter will exclude Davids and all Scripture-Psalmes too out of the Church But the sense and meaning of that place is of another importance as appeares by the context and that may seem to be this I will not make use of the extraordinary gift of the Spirit inabling me to speak in an unknown or strange language either in praying to or praising of God in the Church where it is not understood by the unlearned and therefore cannot be to edification My own spirit or I may indeed pray according to the inward man and make use outwardly of the gift of Tongues that gift of the holy Ghost in praying but I make no use of my understanding to the benefit of others I resolve therefore so to pray and so to sing as I may be understood by others even as if I had no such gift of Tongues as a man would pray that hath not that gift of tongues which is an extraordinary gift of the Spirit 3. I come to my third Proposition and that is to prove that the coming of the holy Ghost doth not take away the use of the Lords Prayer as a Prayer And were it so as is presumed in the Objection that it was given onely for that time untill the coming of the holy Ghost and that it was out of date in the day of Pentecost even this Evangelical form of prayer like the legall observations I say were it so then the use of the Lords Prayer should cease both as a pattern and as a form of prayer it should neither be any more since Pentecost a Directory or Liturgy But the truth is that the promise of the holy Ghost to teach Christians to pray and the gift of the holy Ghost so promised doth not necessarily take away all helps or directions from Christ or from the Scriptures of the Prophets so that they should thenceforth be void and of none effect to all intents and
sight of the Lord a wicked man he was and yet he besought the Lord 2 Kings 13.4 and he hearkened unto him Again I say unto unregenerate persons it is their duty to pray 't is their sin if they doe not It is not their sin simply to pray but they sin indeed whether they eat or drink or sleep or plough or pray because they do not these things to the glory of God but they sin more who will neither lift up their hands to heaven nor put their hand to the plough nor exercise themselves in some honest calling Let thy plough as soone stand still because the ploughing of the wicked is sinne as thy prayers cease before the Lord therefore But God forbid that thou shouldst sinne against God in ceasing to pray for thy own soul for others also although thou beest unregenerate I dare confidently say that no man is ever the farther off from finding grace because he doth in a way of prayer diligently seek for it Prov. 2.1 2 3 4 5 6. Ezek. 36.25 26 27 37. Mat. 7.7 If once God bow thy heart to pray in good earnest there 's hopes he will incline his eare to heare Only see thou henceforth regard not iniquity in thy heart if thou expectest that God should regard thy Prayer 2. Pray with your families thus dedicating your houses daily unto the Lord. The Jews at their first entrance or taking possession of a new house to dwell in it did use to pray feast and sing Psalmes hence the title of the thirtieth Psalme A Psalm and Song at the dedication of the house of David Christians let your houses be dedicated houses houses of prayer and singing of Psalmes to all that dwell therein Let God have his morning and evening Sacrifice every day Christians either have or ought to have a Church in their houses your houses should be Seminaries and Nurseries for the Congregation where God should have a Church let not the Devill have a Chappell Instead of praying reading and singing of Psalmes let there not be heard cursing roaring and revelling doe not open your doores to be a randevouz for Devils a habitation for Ziim and Iim and every unclean spirit We heare little now of Fairies and Hobgoblins of Spirits walking in houses I hope one reason is because the worship of God is set up in many houses Therefore it is that Dagon falls down because the Ark of God the Ordinances of God are brought into the house Let all that come under your roofe say Surely the feare of God is in this place this is none other than the house of God and this is the gate of heaven God ordained in the beginning that the first-born of every family should be the King or Governour and the Priest to offer sacrifice God provided a Magistrate and a Minister in every house I perswade my selfe that one great cause why many men are no more masters in or of their own houses or that they finde so much trouble and dâ—sturbance in their government from wife children servants is this because they seperate those things which God hath joyned together they will be Kings to over-rule their Families but they will not be Priests unto God to offer unto him the sacrifice and incense of Praise and Prayer with and for their families they would be Masters but they refuse to be Ministers in their own houses Where there is most praying to and blessing of God together in families I dare warrant there 's the least brawling and cursing of one another Those that serve God together most will least seek to domineere one over another But no mervail you cannot agree all the day in and about your own work when you did not agree in Gods work together in the morning I finde in the Scriptures that God required one great act of religious worship to be performed in private houses namely the Passover And they say that the Jewes in their publick mournings did use to shut themselves up in their houses with their families and there upon some extraordinary occasion they might fast pray and mourn See Zech. 12.12 13 14. Now if they held it lawfull to worship God in such great and extraordinary acts of devotion in their private houses and that too the Temple standing Then let not the calling the family together to pray read and sing Psalmes now in Gospel times be censured for an unlawfull Assembly nor any man be in danger to be called in question for such daily exercises there being sufficient cause whereby we may give account of such meetings in every place every day Yea let me exhort you not onely to make Prayer your ordinary your everyday-work but that when ever the Bridegroom is taken from you when Christ with-drawes his presence or hides his face from your family that then you that are the children of the Bride-chamber would fast and pray in those dayes I dare boldly say that one speciall way and meanes to keep hunger or fasting through necessity or to keep mourning or eating your bread with sorrow and mingling your drinke with teares out of your houses and to celebrate a continuall feast to have peace of conscience and the joy of the holy Ghost amongst you in your dwellings is to bring in prayer ordinary and extraordinary under your roofe As God blessed Potiphar's house for Joseph's sake and the house of Obed-Edâ—m for the Ark's sake so be assured he will blesse you and your houses if you would open your doores to entertain Family-prayer throughout all your dwellings that imprecation or curse of the Prophet should never come nigh your houses Poure out thine indignation upon the Heathen and upon the families that call not upon thy name your houses should never be Beth avens i. e. houses of iniquity and vanity your places Bochims places of weeping your fields Achâ—eldama's fields of blood your valleys valleys of Achor valleys of trouble if you would daily by prayer consecrate them Bethels that is houses of God Let none scruple to pray with their family because it may be some of them are not Saints for this is the way to make them all so And I never read that our Lord Jesus refused to be present at the Passeover which yet was not celebrated without prayers because that Judas a Devil was there But this I read that our Lord prayed in the presence of many thousands Iohn 6.26 27. although some of them were such as laboured more for the meat that perisheth than for that which endureth to everlasting life ver 66. 3. Pray in publique do not forsake the assembling your selves together the praying to God and praising of him in the great Congregation The glory of a King is the multitude of his Subjects And God is most honoured when thousands and ten thousands of his Saints come together into his Courts to bow and kneele before him in prayer David was glad when they said Come let us goe into the house of the Lord.
How good and how pleasant a thing it is for brethren to joyn together in prayer God hearkens and heares and a booke of remembrance shall be written for them that speak often one to another as those converts doe Zech. 8.2 Come let us goe speedily to pray before the Lord I will goe also One soul well tuned in prayer maâ—es good musick in Gods ears Mâ— Cobbet of Prayer but he delights much saith a reverend Author I say most in prayers in consort when two or three when two or three thousand gather together and agree to ask any thing in the name of Christ The Church on earth is never so like the Church in heaven as when the four living Creatures and the four and twenty Elders i e. when Pastors and People having Harps in their hands that is being prepared to praise God and golden vials full of Odours or Incense that is being prepared to pray unto him when all these meet together thus to worship the Lamb Rev. 5.8 Let Christians say it is good for us to be here it is best for us to be here How amiable are thy Tabernacles O Lord of Hosts this is none other than the Suburbs of Heaven than the gate than a corner of Heaven than a Heaven upon Earth Pray therefore all manner of prayer but especially in publique with the Assemblies of Gods people I shall adde but one thing more in this particular and that is to beseech you not to diminish ought of this service not to clip Gods Tribute-mony or to offer an imperfect Sacrifice unto God but at all times but especially on the Lords day let us come together at the beginning and tarry till the end of publique Prayers God will not allow the Prince of his people to absent himself or to delay his coming to publique Worship or to depart untill the Conclusion Ezek. 46.10 And now if there be any here who shall say in their hearts Wee have high thoughts of Prayer and a good minde to the duty but alas we are not able to compose a Prayer of our selves we cannot goe to prayer except some lead us by the hand we know not what to say as we ought except some put words in our mouths To these the second Observation may give satisfaction which speaketh on this wise saying II. It is lawfull to pray with or by a Set forme of Prayer Prayer is an offering up of our desires to God for things agreeable to his will in the name of Christ with confession of our sins and thankful acknowledgement of his mercies This is the definition of Prayer given by the late Reverend Assembly in their shorter Catechisme And in this we have contained all the Essentials of Prayer and all this may be done whether we make use of a written or printed book or rehearse a Prayer out of our memory D. W. Gâ—ft of Prayer that invisible book or whether we may by immediate and sudden suggestion or according to the sudden conceptions and dictates of our own hearts I say therefore that it is neither absolutely necessary in it self nor utterly unlawfull to use a Set form of Prayer Confident I am that Prayer with or by a Form is better than no prayer at all and that if all those persons amongst us who are not able to pray by immediate suggestion or sudden conception or who cannot by study premeditation compose such a Prayer as they dare offer up to God especially before others if these would make use of some Forms of wholsome desires framed by others and if being Masters of Families they would morning and evening ingage themselves to seek God with their families in this way God might and should have honour thereby and they receive blessing from God This lawfulnesse of Set Formes may be evinced by holy Scriptures by the practise of the Church of God Jewish and Christian The Apostle Paul in his first Epistle to Timothy ch 2.1 makes four sorts or parts of Prayer Supplications Prayers Intercessions and giving of Thanks and we have patternes or ground for Set Formes of all these in the Scriptures For the first sort of Prayer wherein we desire the averting of evils both of sinne and punishment we have ground to do this in or by a prescribed form of words for so God injoyned in the case of an uncertain murder Deut. 21.7 8. that the Elders of the city that is next to the slain man should wash their hands over an Heifer which was to be beheaded in the valley and that they or the Priests in their name and roome should answer and say Our hands have not shed this blood neither have our eyes seene it Be mercifull O Lord unto thy people Israel whom thou hast redeemed and lay not innocent blood unto thy people of Israels charge Again the Prophet Hosea exhorting Israel to return unto the Lord chap. 14. beginning saith Take with you words and turn to the Lord say unto him take away all iniquity and receive us graciously so will we render the calves of our lips c. from which two texts I think it more reasonable to inferre or conclude that they might without sin say those very words which were put into their mouths than to say they should sinne if they should pray in that very form of words 2. We have in the Scripture formes of Prayer or petitions for the obtaining of good things A Forme used by Moses one who had abundance of spirit at the setting forward of the Ark and at the resting of the Ark Numb 10.35 36. And another Form prescribed to Aaron and his Sons in blessing the people Numb 6.23 24 25 26. And we have a Form of Prayer also injoyned to him that paid his third yeare tithes Deut. 26 13 14 15. 3. A ground for a forme of Intercession and that too upon a publique Fast day we have in Joel chap. 2.17 Let the Ministers of the Lord weep between the Porch and the Altar and let them say Spare the people O Lord and give not thy heritage to reproach that the Heathen should rule over them wherefore should they say among the people where is now their God I doe not believe that these were all the words they did or might say unto God on a day of Humiliation but I think I have more reason hence to gather that they might lawfully have used this form of words in their Prayers that day than any man hath to conclude the contrary 4. A ground for Set forms of Praise or Thanksgiving we have in those many admirable formes of praise composed by David Asaph and other holy men and sung at the Tabernacle and Temple and that too in the times of Hezekiah's reformation 2 Chron. 29.30 and left upon record in the book of Psalmes Mr. Mede calls the booke of Psalmes the Jewish Liturgy and truly therein we have Formes of all these four sorts of Prayer There are Prayers for averting evill for obtaining of good
things for the good state of the Church besides severall Hymnes and spirituall Songs sung to the praise of God Again I never read or heard that the Jews before Christ or since judged all formes of Prayer unlawful but I have read that the Jewes untill the time of our Saviour did use the Prayer of Moses viz. the 90. Psal I have read that our Saviour conformed himself in the celebration of the Passover unto divers customes of the Jewes and that instituting and celebrating the Sacrament of the Lords Supper in the close of the Paschal Supper he and his Disciples sung the same Hymn or Psalme See Dr. Lightfoot of the Passeover after it or at the conclusion which the Jews used to do in the end of the Passeover Moreover it is observed that the Jewes who lived in the dayes of Adrian the Emperour viz. in the beginning of the second Century complained of the taking away their Liturgy and therefore they had one And lastly the Moderne Jews use set forms of Prayer in their Synagogues So that certaine it is that the judgment of the Jews both Ammi and Lo-Ammi before and since their rejection is for the lawfulness of set formes of Prayer Come we to the Christian Church she hath been so farre from condemning all formes as utterly unlawfull that for about twelve hundred yeares Concil Carth. 3. can 23. Concil Milen 2. can 12. Cassand 1. in Liturgy she hath thought it expedient to use them in publique Divine worship And if we will believe Beza in his notes upon 1 Cor. 11.31 the Apostle Paul did not hold it unlawfull for ordinary Pastors in Churches constituted to use set forms in the publique Assemblies Suppose extraordinary Officers of the Church at such times as they were extraordinarily moved to pray preach and praise God by Psalmes in those primitive times were also assisted extraordinarily by the miraculous motions influences and gifts of the holy Ghost to doe all this without any form prescribed by others or composed by their owne study or premeditation yet this hinders not but that those who had not those extraordinary effusions and assistances of the holy Ghost or at such times as they were not so extraordinarily moved and influenced even in those dayes might and we since may without sin prepare Prayers Sermons and Psalms with study and premeditation or may make use of Scripture Prayers Sermons and Psalmes in the worship and service of God It is true that our Saviour bids his Disciples when they are brought before Governors and Kings for his sake to take no thought not to premeditate how or what they shall speak For it shall be given them in that same hour what they shall speak For it is not ye that speak saith he but the spirit of your father which speaketh in you Mat. 10.18 19 20. Mark 13.11 Luke 12.11 But I no where read when ye come before God in prayer the great Ruler and Governor of the World Take no thought neither do ye premeditate but whatsoever shall be given you in that same hour that speak ye for it is not ye that speak but the holy Ghost Indeed the Disciples had a promise of the Spirit who is a spirit of Prayer and of Prophecy but of neither in such a manner as universally to forbid as unlawful or unnecessary all care study fore-thought or premeditation what to pray or what to preach But grant they had these extraordinary infusions alwaies in praying and preaching so as no study or fore-thought was at all necessary yet now those extraordinary assistances ceasing it may sure be lawfull for us to expect the fulfilling the promise of the Spirit to help us in prayer and preaching that we may doe both as workmen that need not to be ashamed but so as to concur with our endevours and not his gifts to be alwaies suddenly infused without all thought or study of our own Moreover let me adde this that the opinion of the unlawfulnesse of formes of Prayer is a Novel opinion and in comparison but of yesterday I no where read or remember I am sure that it was the tenet of the Albigenses or Waldenses those antient witnesses against Antichrist that Wickliff Huss Jerom of Praguâ— Luther Melanchthon Calvin Bucer Paulus Fagius Cranmer Latimer Bradford Ridley Hoopen Knox Gilpin Fox most of them Martyrs many Confessors all enemies to the Papacy and Reformers of the Church of latter times Further I no where read that Cartwright Dr. Reyn. Dr. Burgess Hildersham Greenham M. Bains Mr. Bifield Mr. Dod Dr. Sibs men eminent for their gifts and graces and all or most such as were accounted no grrat friends to the Hierarchy and Ceremonies ever condemned all formes of Prayer as unlawfull although possibly some of them might scruple some things in the English Liturgy or judge the rigid imposing of it to the depriving of many parishes of the sincere Milke of the Word too harsh measure from them who should have been Nursing fathers to the Church Certain it is that in and after the Reformation from Popery the Reformed Churches generally obtained the use of set formes in publique Divine Worship that the Churches of England and of Scotland till of late had the Churches of France Geneva the lower and upper Germany still have set formes of Prayer either imposed or allowed at least for the Minister to use in publique Divine Administrations It shall suffice me at present if what hath been already said in this matter satisfie not to recommend dissenting Christians to Mr. Perkins Dr. Preston and Mr. Ball all men of eminency for their excellent graces parts learning and all express Assertors of the lawfulnesse of praying with or by a form See the life of Dr. Preston by Mr. Ball. M. Perkins holds a man may pray when he reads a Prayer out of a book Dr. Preston allowes the use of set formes of Prayer and answers the Objection about quenching of the Spirit And Mr. Ball hath written a Treatise justifying in part the late Liturgy Obj. But 't is easie to fore-see an Objection which some may be apt to make Why doe you seeme to build againe the things you have so lately destroyed Why did you shut the Liturgy out of the Church if you can so readily open a doore for Set Formes Answ The Liturgy or Common-prayer was taken away if we may believe the Assembly who advised the removall thereof in their Preface of the Directory substituted in its roome not as judged by them simply unlawful but for the abuse of it for divers inconveniences which had and they thought still might attend the continuance of it It was observed that ill use was made of the Service-book to justle out preaching in divers places and of the Ceremonies therein injoyned to cast out many eminently godly and able Preachers out of their Churches and Livings for non-conformity thereunto and to keep out others very hopefull Instruments from the work of the Ministry
for Non-subscription to the Book and Ceremonies and to prosecute divers private Christians for Non-observation or else their opposition to the Ceremonies therein contained Insomuch that many like the children of faithfull Abraham forsook their owne country and fathers house and went into a strange Land viz. into America to the end they might have their consciences freed from these yoaks and burdens as they thought intolerable Besides in divers places the Ministers were forbidden to exercise their own gift of Prayer and others did voluntarily suffer parts and gifts to dry up for want of using because they had this book at hand in all their administrations Further it was observed many of the people did so idolize it that they judged no other way of worshipping God like it or to be allowed by men and accepted by God but that To prevent these or such like mischiefs and inconveniencies for the future as also it may be for that some judged it not necessary if tolerable that all men should be bound to use Crutches because some could not well goe without them and also that they might bring the Churches of England Scotland and Ireland to the neerest conjunction and uniformity in Religion particularly in a Directory for worship catechizing according to their Covenant newly entred into with the Kingdome of Scotland lately set all on a flame with a Service-book which in some things was more though in others lesse liable to exception than the English Liturgy sent thither from hence by the Archbishop of Canterbury I say for these or the like reasons the Assembly advised and the Parliament which the King had confirmed by Act thought good by an Ordinance to lay aside wholly the Common-prayer-book judging it as lawful to doe it as was for Hezekiah to break in pieces the Brazen Serpent made by Moses when once abused to Idolatry The Parliament having thus removed the Booke by an Ordinance or two who were we that we should resist God and them and hazard our own and the Kingdomes and Churches peace to maintain a Form when as without charity all Prayers whether with or without a Form or Book are lost If it shall be further objected that the Service-book was setled by an Act and removed or abolished by an Ordinance To this all I think good to answer here at present is this That I have heard that an Ordinance of Parliament was of validity to suspend an Act And that that Ordinance of Parliament hath not been as yet suspended nor the Act for the Liturgy hitherto revived by any other Act. Let this suffice to justifie our non-using of the English Liturgy III. I come now to my last Observation that is to justifie our continued use of the Lords Prayer And here let me minde you that the same reverend godly and learned Assembly which judged it expedient to take away the Common-prayer did yet recommend the Lords prayer to be used in the prayers of the Church because it is take their owne words in the Directory Not onely a pattern of Prayer but it selfe a most comprehensive Prayer As the same measure may be a standard to frame and try other measures by and may besides be used to measure withall So may this Prayer of our Lord be used both as a Pattern of prayer to frame our prayers by as a Standard to examine them by and as a Prayer it selfe also And truly if our Saviour had meant this Prayer onely for a pattern and that it should be unlawful to uss it as a Prayer I believe him so plain and so good a speaker for never man spake like him and in his mouth was found no guile that he would never have answered such a request Lord teach us to pray as John also taught his Disciples in such expresse language When ye pray say Our Father c. without some caution limitation or restriction to prevent mistakes For had it been possible that when our Lord said When ye pray say Our Father c. that his sense and meaning should be when ye pray ye must not say Our Father c. ye must not say these words at any time or in any case but onely pray alwaies after this patterne we may suppose the holy Ghost would have added some explanation or interpretation as in other cases viz. John 7.38 39. and John 2.20 21. the rather considering there is no room here as in other places for a figurative sense and that it is the office of the holy Ghost to lead us into all truth and so to preserve us from error and that the words are so plaine a forme of Prayer and so plain for the using of them so that plainer needed not upon supposition that it was the minde of Christ that these words should be used as a Prayer Let us reason the matter a little what can be said against using this Prayer of Christ now which might not have been objected or pretended by Aaron and his Sons for their not using the forme of blessing prescribed of old Numb 6.23 24. Yea how shall we now justifie our practice of blessing or praying for a blessing in the words of the Apostle Paul in the close of our Sermons if it be utterly unlawfull to pray unto God in the words of our Lord Jesus in the beginning of our Sermons What is the Disciple come to be above his Master and the Servant above his Lord Again how can we think that God that hears our prayers who have not the Spirit in such a measure as the Apostles had should not regard his Sons prayer should therefore not heare his childrens prayers because presented unto him in his owne and onely Son's words Yea will God the Father heare our prayers indited by the holy Spirit not hear us when we pray that which his Son made put in our hands hearts And did not the same holy Spirit that indited our prayers indite the prayer of Christ too and do not we who have the Spirit by measure receive of Christs fulnesse as all other graces so also the spirit of Grace and Supplication I dare say that the holy Ghost is not therefore out of love out of conceit with his own conceptions because they are not new Must all our prayers necessarily be put up in our Saviours name if they finde acceptance if they be heard and answered and must they in no wise at no time in any case be sent up in his owne words or will Jesus Christ the great Favourite and Master of Requests in heaven refuse to present our Petitions because of his own drawing or inditing Must we alway when we pray pray after this manner and must we never when we pray say Our Father c If one be Scripture is not the other also yea doubtlesse both and in both we have the minde of Christ for he that said that said this also Must we alway keep to Christs sense and meaning and yet never use his words but our
owne Surely we cannot have better matter better method better words than is contained in Christs owne Prayer Let us therefore not so requite the kindness of Christ in teaching us a form of prayer and his condescention in allowing us to pray after this pattern and giving us his spirit to help us in prayer as wholly to lay aside the very words of Christ but as we judge it lawful to praise God in the words of David so let us not scruple the praying unto God in the words of the Messiah the Son of David yea Davids Lord. Let us thus honour our Lord and Master as by reading his Word so by praying his Prayer I shall now come to endeavour to remove some of those rubs or stumbling-blocks I mean Objections which already lye or possibly may be cast in the way to hinder this Doctrine from having a cleare passage amongst us Obj. If Christs meaning was that we should say these words when we pray then we must alway say these words and no other words when we pray and so if this text make the saying of this Prayer lawfull it makes all other Prayers besides this unlawfull Answ It doth not follow that if we may say these words then we may say no other or that we must necessarily rehearse these very words as oft as we goe to prayer I le instance in two parallel texts Our Saviour saith Mat. 6.6 But thou when thou prayest enter into thy closet and when thou hast shut thy doore pray c. It doth not hence follow that we must never pray but privately or privately but in our closet or with our doores shut and yet we may pray in our closets and with our doores shut Our Saviour prayed oft in the Mount of Olives Again our Saviour saith Luke 12.13 When thou makest a dinner or a supper call not thy friends nor thy brethren neither thy kinsmen nor thy rich neighbours lest they also bid thee again and a recompence be made thee But when thou makest a feast call the poore the maimed the blind From hence it follows that we may call the poore the blind the halt the maimed when we make a feast and yet from hence it doth not follow that we must never make a feast but they must be called or none else but such And so because our Lord saith when ye pray say Our Father c. I gather I think rationally that we may say these words and yet conceive it unreasonable that then we may say no other or that we must say these words as often as we pray The King was bound to read in the book of the Law all the daies of his life and yet he might and was to do other things besides read in the book of the Law and might without sin read in other books daily besides the book of the Law Affirmative precepts bind semper but not ad semper and so though we should say it was a commandement of Christ When ye pray say c. as it looks more like a Precept Injunction or command than a Prohibition yet it followes not that we must pray no other prayer or never pray but that we must adde this Prayer also I say we may pray saying these very words because Christ saith When ye pray say And I say we may pray in other words after this pattern or model because I read Mat. 6.9 After this manner pray ye Our Father c. And because I read that the Apostles prayed other prayers Acts 4.24 25. and in many other Scriptures If any say But we never read that the Apostles used this Prayer at all To this I return answer That though we read not that they ever did use this Prayer yet we no where read in Scripture that they did not and we have the authority of the Ancients that they did use it and particularly in the consecration of the elements in the Sacrament of the Lords Supper Hieron adversus Pelag. Greg l. 7 â—p 63. Again it followes not because the Scripture is silent as to the Apostles practise whether they used or not used the Lords Prayer that therefore they did not use it at all To plough a little as to the substance of what I say with Monsier de Spaign's Heifer in answer to this Objection We never read that the Apostles baptized any in the name of the Father the Son and the holy Ghost shall we therefore believe they did not or that is was unlawfull for them to doe so Because our Saviour saith Goe teach all nations baptizing them in the name of the Father of the Son and the holy Ghost I conclude that they might lawfully and so may we now use that very form of words in Baptisme notwithstanding that I read not in the holy Scriptures of any baptised in that form but the Scriptures speak expresly of some who were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus either by some of Johns Disciples or by the Apostle Paul Acts 19.5 but it no where records the baptisme of any expresly in the other forme Now because of this practise of the Church I collect they sinned not who baptised in the name of the Lord Jesus and because of Christs command Mat. 28. latter end I believe it very lawfull to baptize in the name of the Father the Son and the holy Ghost and that it is now lawfull and I think most expedient at least to say no more to baptize now in this same form of The Father the Son and the holy Ghost And so in the present case although I read not in Scripture that the Disciples did use the Lords Prayer for a Prayer yet it seemes very strange if they never should our Saviour speaking so expresly When ye pray say Our Father c. yet I judge it lawfull for them and so for us to use it because of this text yea I will adde that put the case those who had the extraordinary miraculous assistance of the holy Ghost in praying did not actually use this very forme yet I think it lawfull and expedient for us to use it who have necessarily no such infallible assistance and guidance in our prayers Obj. But the Evangelist Matthew chap. 6.16 and this Evangelist Luke here set down the Lords Prayer with some difference In the one it is Forgive us our sins for we also forgive every one that is indebted to us in the other it is Forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors In the one For thine is the Kingdome the Power and the Glory for ever is added to the Petitions in the other it is omitted from hence it may be gathered that we are not to use the very words for if so which forme should we follow Ans I answer with Mr. de Spaign the Evangelists and the Apostle Paul relate Christs words in the celebration of the Lords Supper diversly may we not therefore use the words of any of them yes surely of any one of them
purposes about or concerning Prayer If the promise of the teaching of the holy Ghost if those Scriptures Ye have an anointing that teacheth you all things and when he comes he shall lead you into all truth doth not discharge us from the use of mens teaching us and preaching unto us and from our own reading the holy Scriptures the doctrine of the Prophets of our Saviour Christ of his Apostles no more doth the other promise of the spirit of Prayer take away all use of Scripture-prayers especially of our Lords Prayer The promise of baptizing with the holy Ghost when it was fulfilled did not make void or take away Baptisme of water no more doth the promise of the holy Ghost to help us to pray and in prayer take away the use of the Lords Prayer It was the work of the holy Ghost to teach and to help Christians to offer up this Prayer and all other their prayers in the name merits and mediation of Jesus Christ to stir up in them good and holy desires agreeable to the requests or petitions continued in this prayer and to descend to many particular desires and petitions and to expresse those desires in proper words and significant expressions all which desires were summarily comprehended in the Petitions and words or expressions of the Lords prayer I say this was the office and work of the holy Ghost which doth in no wise take away all lawfull use of the Lords prayer as a prayer For surely the holy Spirit will not therefore refuse to assist us when we pray this prayer because it is a prayer made by Jesus Christ and registred in the holy Scriptures written by those who were full of and moved by the holy Ghost in that work Nor doe I believe that God the holy Ghost who is the God of Order and not of Confusion will suggest or infuse into us such desires as shall necessarily turn us out of the Lords prayer whilest we are using it in a right manner It is not probable that the holy Spirit will turn us out of the road wherein the Sonne appointed us to goe to the Father And I pray what desires are there that are holy just and good such are all the desires of which the holy Ghost is authour but are comprehended in this prayer Doubtlesse as the Spirit of the Prophets in the Apostles dayes was subject to the Prophets so t is no disparagement to the spirit of prayer which Christians have in these dayes to be regulated by the spirit of prayer which was in Christ and so consequently by that forme which he hath left us Must the whole congregation be tyed up to the forme of the speaker whether Minister or other in prayer and may he in no wise be guided by Christs Prayer Beloved brethren whilst ye so judge are ye not partiall in your selves and to your selves If it be asked what 's the reason that when we have been praying a long time either according to a premeditated forme or a conceived prayer or in a mixt way betwixt both for the things contained in the Lord prayer we yet conclude our prayers with the Lords prayer Is not this a vaine repetition Answ For as much as when we have prayed our best we may have failed in something our prayer may have been defective imperfect It is not therefore vaine but to purpose and very reasonable to rehearse that prayer wherein is nothing defective nothing superfluous nothing out of its due place and order Nor is this an Innovation it was the practice of the antient Church Quam totâ—m pâ—titionem fere omnis Ecclesia Dominica oratione concludit if we will believe Austin in his 59. Epistle q. 5. where he tells that the Church did generally conclude their prayers and blessings at the consecration and distribution of the Elements at the Lords Supper with the Lords Prayer And it hath been observed that they who wholly omit or disuse the Lords Prayer as a prayer doe seldome follow the Lord Christ fully in it as a patterne namely in this particular they seldome plead with God for forgivenesse of sinnes with this argument as or because we forgive those who trespasse against us and doe not alwaies pray against Temptation If they seek to justifie their not using the Lords Prayer and their not imitating it in the former of these particulars lest they should occasion many to pray against themselves because they cannot finde in their hearts to forgive their brethren To this we reply that all our prayers ought to be according to this modell or pattern themselves being Judges To the Lords Prayer bring we all our prayers if they are not according to this rule it is because as to that thing wherein they are irregular or not conforme hereto the true spirit of prayer is not in them 2. If we will not heare Gods Commandement to forgive our brethren how should we expect God should heare our prayers for forgivenesse we must both pray and practise according to Gods will if we would have our wills done if we would have God fulfill our desires 3. The crookedness of mens hearts and waies can be no right rule for Gods Minister in publick prayer but the Word of God and prayer of our Lord Christ 4. The using of this prayer may be instead of a Sermon to such malitious ones to minde them of and move them to forgivenesse However I doubt not but some of the Israelites might be guilty of some of those sins against which the curse was denounced by the Priests on Mount Ebal and to which the Congregation said Amen Obj. Papists and profane ignorant Protestants make an ill use of this good prayer make a kind of Idoll of it and therefore we should lay it aside after the example of Hezekiah who demolished the brazen Serpent when it was abused to Idolatry 2 King 18.4 Answ Some mens abuse of naturall things must not hinder or prejudice others in their right to use them lawfully much lesse must mans abuse annull or make void Gods Institutions Our Saviour sanctifyed the Sabbath although the Jewes were superstitious in their manner of observation of it We must not lay aside the first part of the Gospell written by the holy Evangelist John because it hath been abused in charmes c. And we may still use the words of Christ This is my body in celebration of the Lords Supper notwithstanding that Papists thereupon ground Transubstantiation and Artolatry or worship of the bread believing it to be the body of Christ corporally and not only Sacramentally As the Apostle Paul to Timothy 1 Epist Chap. 1.8 saith of the law of God The law is good if a man use it lawfully So say I of the prayer of our Lord The Prayer is good if a man use it lawfully If the meer abuse of things should take away all lawfull use of them we should soon be deprived of the benefit both of Gods creatures and of his ordinances
from the Lord that in this and all other things I may be found faithfull If as often as Gods people meet together to worship God publiquely and especially upon the Lords day this prayer also might be offered up to God being a Sacrifice and Incense which our high Priest hath consecrated to God and his Father and to our God and our Father I should think it might be a good supplement of the defects and some emendation of the errors in our prayers Especially in such dayes of division as ours are wherein good men are split into so many several parties and opinions in matters of Church and State that whilst some holy men in their hearts say Amen to some prayers put up in their name by the Ministers others as holy as they in their hearts say God forbid or that be far from us This is a publique Prayer and no private Christian but ought to say Amen unto it However we are divided in more particular Requests wee ought all to concenter and agree in these generall neessary things herein prayed for Forasmuch therefore as when we come together in the Church to pray there are too too often divisions amongst us though we are together in one place yet not with one heart and because the promise is especially to two or three that agree together to ask any thing and to pray with divided hearts this is in a sense not to pray this is not to seek the Lord in due order to reforme in some measure at least these abuses in prayer I should recommend to all the Churches of Christ and to every Christian in them this one prayer the Lords prayer to which Christians of all Nations Tongues and Languages may agree to say Amen For I have received of the Lord that which I delivered unto you how that the Lord Jesus the same time when he was by one of his Disciples in effect asked this question how we should pray saying Lord teach us to pray as John also taught his Disciples he said When ye pray say c.. Obj. Are these things so why then do you not justifie prescribed and imposed Liturgies or forms of Prayer Answ I shall not so far lanch forth into that controversie now as either to commend or condemne them yet this I say that this was made by an infallible Spirit And againe concerning this our Saviour Christ hath said that which he never said concerning any other After this manner pray ye or when ye pray say Our Father c. I shall conclude all with some use of the Doctrine 1. And first As the Angel said to Joseph concerning the blessed Virgin Mary whilst he thought of putting her away privily Feare not Joseph thou son of David to take unto thee Mary thy espoused wife for that is conceived in her is of the holy Ghost So say I to all those just ones who have had thoughts of putting away this prayer privily feare not to take unto you this prayer which you have loved and as it were espoused for that which is conceived in it is of the holy Ghost But be not ye as the Papists are who think to make satisfaction to God and merit at his hand by the often repetition of their Pater Noster c. although without faith without understanding without holy affections And againe doe not ye slight other prayers made according to this modell or patterne by them who have the spirit or gift of prayer and above all things my brethren beware of blaspheming the spirit of prayer or praying by the Spirit accounting and calling it vaine babling 2. And you who have the gift of prayer so that ye have no need that any one teach you so that ye can goe without crutches and swimme without bladders I meane pray without using formes made by other men yet be not ye therefore lifted up or puffed up And againe be circumspect and never presume to utter any thing before the Lord in publique which will not hold weight if weighed in the balance of the Sanctuary So speak to God as considering that men also heare you And if ever you should have any thing amisse in your prayers either for matter or for manner of expression lay not this at the doore of the Spirit but rather father it thy selfe own it though with sorrow as a brat of thy owne naughty heart or extravagant fancy And farther having such a golden talent as the gift of prayer labour to improve for thy Masters and the Churches and thy owne advantage And if yee would be mighty in prayer be much in the study of the Scriptures in prayer and meditation The best way to the throne of Grace lyes by the Oracles of God And neglect not to eye and follow the cloud of Incense that is the prayers of Saints in Scripture which ascend to heaven when you would goe to God in prayer And you who have the gift of prayer pray for the Grace also and that more earnestly because one dramme of Grace is worth many talents of Gifts 3. You who have not the gift of Prayer so as to compose a Prayer but have need that some one teach you To the Lords prayer to the prayers of David Hezekiah Daniel the Apostle Paul c. in Scripture and to other formes of prayer framed by other men according to Scripture-patternes and after this manner pray ye c. As to formes of prayer composed by men of a fallible spirit use them as learners to swim use bladders so as they may be able at length to swimme without them use to goe to prayer with them as children use first to go by a bench or forme so that after a while you may as they go without them use them not as old men use staves or crutches never likely to lay them aside 4. As for those who pray not alone and with their families if they be Masters of families pretending they know not how to pray this Doctrine renders them in excusable they must needes become silent before God What can they say for themselves If they say they cannot go behold God allows them crutches to help their weaknesse Brethren if you have but a good will to come to draw nigh to God in prayer behold Jesus Christ stretches out his hand to direct you he hath left you this prayer as legs to go withall to his Father you may be welcome to God and Christ If you come but born upon the shoulders of prayers made by others if you cannot come alone of your selves goe therefore to others to teach you to pray as this Disciple did to Christ and let all Ministers Parents and Masters imitate our Lord Jesus Christ in the text and his forerunner teaching their people children servants to pray as John and Christ taught their Disciples 5. Last of all let us that use the Lords prayer ordinarily make it the patterne of our practise as well as of our prayers Let us doe as we say as we pray Let us endeavour that Gods name may be hallowed or glorified by us and others that the Kingdome of sin which is indeed the Devils Kingdome may be thrown down to the ground down to the nethermost Hell that our Lord Jesus by his good Word and holy Spirit may set up his throne in our hearts and in the world farre above the thrones of all the Kings of the earth the Prince of the aire and all the powers of darknesse Endeavour we our selves and perswade we and help we others to do the will of God on earth readily cheerfully constantly as the Saints and Angels doe it in heaven And we that every day pray for daily Bread let us take some honest calling and course to get it Operantibus dabitur your labour shall not be in vaine And content we our selves so with daily Bread with the portion for the day as to take or admit no carking or distracting thoughts for to morrow Let us who pray God to forgive us our offences against him as we forgive our brethren their offences against us let us be sure that we do not play the Hypocrites or dally with God lest our prayer be turned into sin lest our prayer to God prove like the petition of Adonijah for Abishag the Shunamite to be his wife lest it cost us our lives lest God answer and say you have spokn this against your owne lives against your owne soules you will not forgive your brethren Mites and therefore I will never forgive you Millions of talents Let not us who pray to God not to lead us into temptation goe presently and tempt the very Devill the Tempter to tempt us by throwing our selves upon occasions of sinning Whilest we pray deliver us from evill from all evill of sinne and punishment and particularly from that evill one the Devill see that we run not headlong into any sin as a horse rusheth into the battaile knowing that in so doing we cast our selves into the Lions den yea into the mouth of the roaring Lion Devill and as much as in us lieth into hell it selfe that lake that burneth with fire and brimstone And let us that fill our mouthes with Arguments to plead and wrestle with God as Princes in prayer from his Kingdome Power and Glory i. e. his ability to help us Let us with our very hearts and lives as well as with our lips praise him with the song of Moses Rev. 15.3 4. and of the Lamb ascribing to him alwayes the Kingdome the Power and Glory for ever and ever Thus sealing up our Prayer with a reall AMEN FINIS Adde this after the Title Qu. How is the Lords Prayer to be used Ans The Lords Prayer is not onely for direction as a pattern according to which we are to make other Prayers Mat. 6.9 with Luke 11.2 but may also be used as a Prayer so that it be done with understanding faith reverence and other graces necessary to the right performance of the duty of Prayer ERRATA PAge 47. line 17. instead of those words Do not open your doores to be a randevouz for Devils a habitation for Ziim and Iim and every unclean spirit read thus Do not open your doores to be a randevouz for Devils to be made like falne Babylon Revel 18.2 the habitation of Devils and the hold of every foule Spirit and a cage of every uncleane and hatefull Bird.