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A42389 Moses and Aaron brethren, or, The excellencie, necessity, consistencie, and vsefulnesse of magistracy and ministery under the Gospel opened in a sermon preached at the assizes held at Darby the eighth of March, MDCLIII / by Samuel Gardiner ... published not for contention, but satisfaction. Gardiner, Samuel, 1619 or 20-1686. 1653 (1653) Wing G247; ESTC R30401 15,886 26

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Moses The hand was Moses Esay 63.11 ô but the glorious arm wrapt in the cloud was Gods Thou leddest God is indeed the great State-holder the upholder of Government in the World Psal 47.9 The Cap of Maintenance fits onely his head Cujus nutu geruntur omnia The shields of the earth are the Lords they beare his arms image and inscription he holds them up and over the world Dan. 4.3 Omne regnum sub gravtori In ipsos reges Imperium est Jovis The Kingdome is the Lords and he is the chief Governour among the Nations Psal 22.28 and this Kingdome rules over all Psal 103.19 even in and over the Kingdomes of me● disposing of Crowns and Scepters as he pleases leading his people by them that are their Leaders though not by miraculous or immediate yet by special and over-ruling providence This is old doctrine and therefore I like it the better Christianus nullius hostis ne dum Imperatoris quem scit à Deo suo constitui Colimus ergo Imperatorem ut hominem à Deo secundum quicquid est à Deo consecutum Tertul. ad Scap. Indè Imperator unde homo indè potestas illa unde spiritus Apolog. Cujus jussu animae nascuntur reges conflituuntur c. Iren. lib 5. ad finem as old as Tertullian A Christian say● he is no mans enemy much less the Emperours whom ●e knows to be appointed by his God Go therefore reverence the Emperour as a man next to God and as one that has obteined whatever he has gotten from God And elswhere Thence comes the Emperour whence comes his power whence comes his spirit which he learned from Irenaeus before him He whose powerful Word creates souls the same creates Princes and Potentates his Word whose saying is making who has said of these men Ye are gods Psal 82.6 That popular saying then that all power is from the people must be wisely and warily understood else it will be found both dangerous and irreligious For though it 's true government of men over men is usually cōmitted for execution to men by the free consent and choice of men yet we must still firmly hold unless we deny providence that it 's primarily principally and originally from God from whom though in part by the good wils of men descends every good and perfect gift Jam. 1.17 And seeing the power or dominion of men over beasts and creeping things is on all hands acknowledg'd so divine as that it 's made a special part of Gods image or likeness in man certainly the power and dominion of men over their fellow-creatures men must need be much more divine 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Jupiter quasi juvans pater the very image that fell from Jupiter mention'd Acts 19.35 Yea the image of the living God the true helping Father of the World falne on men causing them to shine like Moses with the glorious beams of his own power communicated to them In a word to close this particular Government of men is nothing for the substance but a power over m●ns estates and lives But this power must necessarily come primarily and originally from God for who shall exempt the Magistrate taking away any mans life and estate from those general and by men uncontrolable Laws Thou shalt not kill Thou shalt not steal but a divine dispensation and a law equal in authority to the former A willing agreement and submission of men is not alone sufficient For though I be willing to be kill'd desire yea command another man to kill me yet he may not take away my life Neither does the heinousness or notoriousness of mens crimes authorize men to punish for if one were going to suffer for killing his own father a private man cannot without murther put him to death But there is a divine Law impowring some men to these great actions recorded Gen. 9.6 He that sheds mans bloud by man shall his bloud be shed God has resolved and enacted that in case of murther one man shall have power by vertue of this grant and grand Charter to take away Gen 9.6 Magna Charta Magistratûs even the life of his fellow-creature and that lawfully Neither are we to conceive that God will himself punish every murderer as Socinus would evade for it 's cleerly express'd By man shall his bloud be shed God has authorized and deputed men to be his Ministers and Administrators o● judgement on men The Magistrate or power is Gods Minister impowered and ordained by him to execute wrath i e. severe punishment even to death on evil doers For he bears not the sword in vain and the sword we know is the instrument of death Jehoshaphat in his charg to his Judges 2 Chron. 19.6 tels them they judg'd not for men i.e. primarily or onely but for and in the room of the Lord as his Deputies and Vice-gerents ministers and instruments so that what they do according to his powers and instructions he does by them Thou leddest though by the hand of Moses and Aaron Let the fear of God then fall upon all your hearts this day Every thing that 's divine springs from God bears his Name and appointment is sacred and reverend Power of some men over others naturally their equals is from God his order and institution They could have no power over us our lives and estates were it not given and granted them not onely from beneath by the will of men but chiefly from above by the will of God as our Saviour acknowledges concerning even Pilates jurisdiction over him which was usurped or at least impos'd without the free consent of the people as all Histories manifest The powers that be are ordained of God John 19.11 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and no power but is so Rom. 13.1 The God of gods has said They are gods and we must reverence him and his power in them What then our Saviour said concerning John Baptist What went ye out to see a man clothed in soft raiment c. Matth 11.9 We may apply to the present occasion What come ye out for to see men clothed in Scarlet meer men yea I say unto you These are more then men for God hath said of these men that they are Gods and all children of the most High So that I hope I may use in a better sense the words of those of Lystra The gods Acts 14 11. or rather God is come down to us in the likenesse of men Truly my Lords the solemn sound of the Trumpet a good Memoranaum of the grand Assize whereat Judges themselves must be judg'd your scarlet dip't in the blood of Malefactors Vox capitis in ore membri your erected seat of Justice and solemne attendance are apt to breed awe in the hearts of men But alas this is but the outside the ceremonie and trappings of honour ad populum phaleras The sacred majesty of God whose person
ye represent whose Judgement ye pronounce on evill doers for the Judgement is not yours but the Lords Deut. 1.17 This is that which makes ye truly honourable to all religious and judicious mindes Divinity is the mainteiner of your civill Honour and Religion beares up the Tribunall in reverence whilest men are taught to discern God as having the chief hand and stroke in Government by whom Kings reigne Princes decree Justice yea all the Nobles and Judges of the earth Prov. 5.16 Whilest men see and acknowledge God ruling by Rulers and leading by them that are Leaders Thou leddest by the hand of Moses and Aaron 3 But lest any should be so wrapt up into the consideration of Gods Sovereignty and providential rule of the World as to despise Moses and Aaron the Instruments he employs we must give them a just and due consideration and so the third particular the Instruments imployed by God in and for the handing down this heaven-borne blessing By the hand or Ministeriall service of Moses and Aaron It was the declaration of Corah and his Complices and I am sorry to hear some men use even the very same words the dumbe earth opened her mouth against and I thought had sufficiently confuted and buried unlesse we could expect stones should speak Are not all Gods people holy his Clergy lot and inheritance what need of Aaron the Priest And is not the Lord amongst us does not he guide and govern the World does he need any Vicars or Vicegerents what need of Moses the Magistrate But sober Christians and such as will may easily understand that God as at first he made all things of nothing alone by himself so he could if he so pleased preserve and cōtinue in being al things he has made alone by himself without the subsidiary and assistance of one creature to another And he could as preserve all creatures alone by himself so instruct and teach rule and govern all men by his own power and Spirit without the Ministery or service either of Moses or Aaron Magistrate or Minister yet we know notwithstanding Gods almightinesse he has appointed secondary causes meanes and instruments in order to preservation and it 's no trusting but tempting of God to expect preservation from him unlesse we use the meanes appointed by him under his blessing thereunto Now as for preservation so for instruction correction of evil doers God has appointed secondary meanes and instruments to wit Magistrates and Ministers And it 's no less presumptuous tempting of God to expect immediate revelations in order to instruction or miraculous executions of judgement from heaven on evil doers in order to correction no we must humbly use the means God has setled and ordeined thereunto Not as if he could not do these things alone by himself but in regard his wisdome has so determined partly to put the honour of employment on his creatures he has fitted thereunto partly to try our obedience to him by obeying them For it 's a truth appears every day more and more that such persons as contemn the Ministers of God and Magistrates are Ministers too Rom 13.4 He is the Minister of God to execute wrath will thereby be imboldened to contemn God himself and that they that despise the Ordinances and appointments of God as to the Church will hardly obey men's as to the State for Gods sake Power and Authority is as hath been cleared primarily and originally in God but he keeps it not in his own hands but delegates and deputes men over men in his room and stead to whose care and guidance he commits his people making use of their service and Ministery Thou leddest thy people by the hand of Moses c. And here we have two things considerable 1 The order Then the union 1 The order First Moses then Aaron Moses who is he the supream Magistrate the priority and precedencie is his Papists are for the Supremacie of Aaron Protestants are for the supremacie of Moses And surely herein we observe Gods own order In the prophecie of Haggai Zerubbabel the Governour or Prince of the Captivity is five severall times constantly set before Joshua the son of Josedec the High Priest 2 Kings 2 25. Solomon put Abiathar from his place S. Peter exhorts all Christians without exemption to submit to the King 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as to him that hath apicem authoritatis 2 Pet. 2.13 Tanquam praecellenti the supereminency over all persons whatsoever Surely Saint Peter better knew Christs order then his pretended successor Tertullian acknowledges the Pagan persecuting Emperour the next man to God greater then all whilest lesse then God onely Neither is any ignorant that have look'd into Ecclesiasticall History how this supremacy of power even in matters of Religion was inlarged and exercised by the succeeding Emperours when they became Christians Non eripit terrestria Colimus Imperatorem ut hominem à Deo secundum Tertul ad Scap. Omnibus major dum solo Deo minor Apologet Euseb vitâ Constant Socrates c. qui regna dat coelestia And what was the right of Emperours then holds proportionably true of all supream Powers now under their severall kindes and formes of Administration Protestant-Ministers were the revivers and chief maintainers of this ancient truth against Popish claimes with their inke and blood for which the Magistrate owes them a kindnesse who notwithstanding they differ among themselves as to the particular forme of Church-discipline do not Lawyers and Physicians differ in opinion yet they all agree in an acknowledgement of subjection to the supream Magistrate For Episcopall men their Judgement is known Presbyterians acknowledge themselves accountable to the Magistrate in theri Ministeriall Functions Papers in the Isle of Wight the last Considerat and caur of the Londoners upon Apologet Narrat And Congregationall men say they give more to the Magistrates power in matters of Religion then the former so that though there be an avowed distinction as to the right of Administration for we read not that Moses medled with the administration of holy things after the consecration of Aaron and we know how dear it cost Saul his sacrificing and Vzziah his incense burning yet seeing there is a profess'd subjection to the Magistrates superinspection regulation and censure there may well come in the second particular the Union By the hand of Moses and Aaron Not by the hand of Moses alone nor by the hand of Aaron alone but by the hand of Moses and Aaron both are instrumental in order to this mercie both are employed by God both useful and necessary for without Moses they would not have been a people a flock but as sheep scattered on the mountains of prey having no Shepherd and without Aaron they would not have been Gods people As men we need Moses as Christian men we need Aaron And better to be no men 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Diod. Sic. apud Just Martyr in Paraen