the City of Zirizea abounds exceedingly well with all things which are usefull and commodious for mans life and no lesse than when it was famous for negotiations with strangers and frequented with goers and commers of all sides For the concourse and merchandise of forraigners and celebrity of a place may sometimes be lost suddenly either by the rising of some war from without or seditions at home or popular tumults for presently all strangers withdraw themselves and take care for their own safety But that negotiation that is performed amongst the Citizens and Inhabitants shutting out all usury and traffique in a compendious way made with strangers or the Inhabitants and is a liberal gain is stable firm solid and not so much subject to envy But if calamity come from some other place then the Citizens and natives Mediocrity of felicity is commendable stand firm and undaunted and do not easily forsake their Country their Churches their houses wives and dear children nor do they go away yeild what they have to strangers to enjoy Yet the men of Zirizea All things are governed by divine providence in so great mutation of humane things and change from one to another which is all wrought by Gods providence seem wisely to have consulted for their own profit and to have exchanged uncertain things for certain For their people being most skilfull Marriners when their trading at Sea did not succeed very well in forraign commodities they altered their course of Trade and began to fall to fishing which is a very great gain and hurts no body and here they fear no shipwrack nor losse of traffique no disgrace for usury or increase upon money and the rest of the Citizens follow saving wayes of gain such as are honest and envied by none out of those things that the earth yeilds abundantly for mans use wherewith they recreate themselves liberally besides a laudable education they provide a very large patrimony for their children and leave them an inheritance to preserve their Parents names by But that strangers may understand in what part of the earth and under what climate the City Zirizea is and under what elevation of the Pole I took the height of the Pole-artick or North-Pole above Zirizea's Horizon and I found the elevation to be 51. degrees 47. Minutes and that was the altitude of that verticall point the longitude is 25. degrees whence it comes that since the Sun is not far from them and departs not very far from the Island but doth moderately shine upon them in the two Equinoctials and two Solstices the Inhabitants by the benefit of the Sun have no dull and stupid wits but they are witty civill merry yet many of them by the reason of the Sea that hath its influence upon them will speak very scurrilous crabbed and brinish language sometimes of which subject I lately held a pleasant discourse with Job Nicolais a discreet man and industrious who carefully labours for the publick good and doth what he can to promote it and desireth that the Citizens should be men of sound and good manners and if they have contracted any fault by the Salt vapours of the Sea that are so near to them that it might be mended with good education CHAP. III. How comes it that such as are old men or far in years do beget children not so strong and oft times such as are froward and of a sad and sowre Countenance and such as are seldome merry THey that marry when their age declines and their youthly heat is abated for the most part beget sorrowfull children and such as are froward sad not amiable silent and of a sowre and frowning countenance Youth is full of juyce because they are not so hot in the act of venery or so lusty as young people that are full of juice For the heat of our age is fittest for to act this Comedy Old men being feeble their spirits small and their body dry and exhausted of bloody humours the natural faculties are weak and that force that comes from them to beget a child is uneffectuall and invalid having very small ability so that they cannot perform the marriage duty so manfully and there wants many things in those they do beget Which is intimated in that dispute that the Angel is said to have had with Esdras Esdras 4. Ask saith he thy Mother and she will tell thee why those she bears now are not like those she bore before thee but are lesse in stature and she will say unto thee that the rest were conceived and born when she was young but these when the Womb decayed hence it is that such as are born in old age are slender small weak Why some are not so strong feeble not tall and have not so much strength because natures forces are decayed with age and the natural and vitall spirits are diminished Why some are dejected in mind whence also the mind is more dejected is not so nimble lively merry and jocant because these have obtain'd all things sparingly and not so largely unlesse perhaps their Parents were pleasing and merry and moderately heated with wine when they were begot For sometimes old people wil shew themselves young and lascivious together to be so wel pleased that in the spring they wil one embrace the other A Proverb from Horses that are worn out For that time of the year serves for Horses also that are decaid and worn out as the Proverb saith for to make them neigh whereby the Hollanders mean that there are none so old but at that pleasant time of the year when nature puts forth all her forces but they will shew some tokens of a mind raised also whereby it falls out that if a woman thus chance to conceive when they are merry The affects of Parents go to the Children after nine months she will bring forth a mild beautifull pleasant flourishing lively generous active Child And if their Parents in their young years were of a clowdy and impleasing disposition as many froward people be when they get their Children all falls to the worst all those affections and tumults that use to arise amongst married people and all their distempers will be derived to their Children so that neither the conception nor time the woman goes with Child nor her delivery not nutrition can be performed decently and according to Natures order and the Children contract many ertours and faults of bodies and mindes from the disturbed motions of their minds of all which the fault is to be imputed to the parents who were the cause and seed plot of all these imperfections of nature The faults of Children to be imputed to the Parents Wherefore such as would take the best care for their Childrens good and would have them tractable and pleasant and sweet of behaviour must take especiall care for this that in matrimoniall embracements all things may be moderately performed that nothing happen
dispersed L. 2. Aph. 44. To which relates that Sentence of Hippocrates Men naturally very grosse bodied are shorter-lived than slender-bodied-men and again Aph. 54. A tall man is comely and good in youth but in old age it is an unprofitable burden and worse than a little body For old mens bodies grow crooked The Inconveniences of Tall bodies and become heavy and unweildy Wherefore though these exceed the other for large limbs and greatnesse yet little men have imbred natural forces stronger than they and there are many gifts and ornaments of body and mind that appear in them and they are very quick-witted and have nimble minds and they not onely exceed the others or equal them in the chearfulnesse of their minds but for strength swiftnesse eating and drinking I have seen sometimes dwarfs almost and very little men but their beard was long and their whole body hairy which is an argument of exceeding heat enter the lists of drinking with very strong men who were not for all this the least moved by the force of the wine though no man in these conflicts deserves to be commended and the victory is not praise-worthy whereas the others were so drunk that they were grown stupid and neither their foot hand or tongue could do their office The cause of these things consists not onely in the capaciousnesse of the veins and receptacles but in the native heat that is very large that quickly conquers and consumes all and in a strong brain that will not easily admit the vapours A simile from Glowing iron For it falls out almost with them as with burnt bricks and glowing hot iron that is sometimes sprinkled with water or else to dry thirsty land For presently it drinks in all the moysture or it vanisheth into a very thin vapour so that they have no need to pisse often for their imbred heat consumes all Now that which the intensive heat doth in men the spunginesse of the body loosenesse and softnesse of it doth in women For women once given to wine will drink beyond reason How a woman can endure much wine and almost miraculously and it will be long ere they be drunk but by reason of the large and loose passages they are forced to make water now and then wherefore they are justly infamous to men that know of their drunkennesse But old people can least of all endure to drink much wine For they are dry of body Old men soon drunk and without moysture and their heat is feeble so that much plenty of wine hurts them but a little doth refresh them and makes them merry Wherefore it concerns old men above all others to preserve their natural heat wherein is comprehended primogenial moysture which is the subject of vital heat and spirit and comes from the substance of the seed with fit and moderate meats and drinks For these are the Forts of health and sicknesse and the Seminaries of long life CHAP. XXI They that eat a moderate breakfast in the morning will eat more freely at dinner and if they drink much wine it will offend them lesse By the way whether it be wholesome to eat much bread SOme there are that use to fast till noon which as I mislike not so I think it not alwayes expedient that any man should eat nothing till dinner especially one that hath a hot stomach as every cholerick person or one that is forced to labour hath and Students that study much Scholers cannot endure hunger For their vital spirits are extenuated and the forces of their body will fail But in this businesse custome is to be kept and we must observe what every ones age time the climate and the habit and use of the body requires For youth and cold weather and a Northern climate require much meat and to eat often otherwise the body wasts and consumes But old people and such as are come to their decrepid age can fast longer and have no appetite not do they hunger after meat much yet they desire meat at times to preserve them though not in such abundance Gal. l. 1. Aph. 14. For as the flame in Lamps is extinguished by much oyl so is the heat of old men by much eating and craming themselves Old men are under propped with meats But because old age is under propped by feeding the Proverb grew that the Mandible is the old man's staffe For what old age impaires and what fails of the natural moysture of the body meat and drink make up again Wherefore they and all sedentary people and Students and Magistrates that serve for the publick good may in the morning eat Raisins Dates Figs Currans Pine kernels Fistick nuts Orange and Citron pills candied with Sugar Myrobalans conserved with honey when they are green or some other liquid corroboratives that lesse weary the stomach and trouble it not to digest them In the mean time every one must measure his own strength and consider his condition and nature and see what it will bear and what it refuseth and cannot away with Wine drank early in the morning is pernicious But chiefly observe this that no man drink Wine early in the morning for it is very much contrary to Nature for it dulls the vigour of the mind clouds the understanding and hurts the nerves Wherefore let every man wholly deny himself the use of wine in the morning but eating a little food let him drink sparingly and what is well alayd For Nature in the morning requires very little food and a little will serve to nourish it lest natural heat should fail A simile from the Kitchin Wherefore it is good to follow their example who when they mean to make a clear fire some hours after to rost or boyl with first they make the fire with some fuel and dry matter lest the fire should quite go out and when it is time they make a great fire to boyl with so when the stomach a little before is made hot with some small food as to light the fire by at dinner it will desire meat more greedily and the veins being dilated it will better digest it It is not good to fast long For many that fast untill dinner lose their appetite the heat of their stomach being very feeble and almost quite gone out Adde to this that the passages being fallen down and shut whereby the nutriment should passe it sticks in the mid-way and is long before it can come into the veins Moreover by reason of long hunger the stomach is filled with ill humours that it sucks from the parts that are near and so refuseth meat We are sooner drunk at dinner than at Supper and is soon satisfied Wherefore by reason hereof men are sooner drunk at dinner and fore-noon drinkings than if they should drink much at supper For to passe over other considerations for this half the danger is taken off by the night as Pliny saith L.
diseases have wasted or what is burnt to ashes or is passed into the first principles or into the substance of some other body For the flesh shall be restored to that man it was taken from as his Due A Simile from borrowed money that was borrowed from him They that are men shall find this to be true and those mousters that are bred from them and have the same nature with them shall be partakers of this divine gift CHAP. XVI The humours and food do change the habit of the body and state of the mind apparently And hence arise the affections and stings of conscience And by the by what Melancholy can do and how it may be cured THere is no mortal Man that is not led by his passions and perturbations but one is more driven by them than another and is more easily forced by the motions of his mind All men led by Passions Why Socrates was lesse subject to them For they that are of a good bodily temper and lead a temperate life and sober diet are lesse wont to be troubled with passions So Socrates is reported to have been of that constancy and calmnesse of mind that both at home and abroad he was alwaies of the same countenance and alacrity of mind though he had a very scolding Wife to vex him which he obtain'd no otherwise than by his frugall life and great temperance Hence it is that Cicero saith that Intemperance is the fountain of all the passions Tusc 4. which is a departing from the mind and from right reason So that the desires of the mind cannot be ruled or kept in order Temperance As therefore Temperance abates all disorderly desires and makes them submit to right reason and preserves the judgment of the Mind entire so Intemperance that is contrary thereunto inflames and disturbs every condition of the Mind and urgeth it Whence it comes that all diseases of the body and errours of the Mind spring from thence For as when blood and flegme abound or both cholers are increased sicknesses arise in the body so the disturbance of ill opinions and the jarring between them spoyls the Soul of her health The difference of passions amongst themselves and draws the body into mutual destruction For so anger rashnesse fear envy forrow emulation when they seize upon the veins and marrow and are possessed of the inward parts of the mind are hurtfull also to the body and cause many terrible diseases thereof Also the diseases of the body by sympathy and way of company affect the Soul And though objects and many outward causes stir up many troublesome motions in man yet the principall cause and original is from the heart and from the humours and spirits which if they be moderate and not infected with some strange quality the mind is not so hot The original of Passions and is more calm So if the bloud be clean and pure if the temper be equal and the body be well men are slower to be moved nor are they so exceedingly vexed with fear anger or revenge and if they be somewhat in passion as no man is without all passions presently reason being call'd to counsel and Judgment of the mind admitted all heat of stomach abates and is asswaged Examples of moderation are David and Pericies We have examples of this in David and Pericles who when a naughty fellow reviled them and upbraded them they did not revenge or hate him for it but used him with great humanity The heart receives divers motions of the mind from outward objects Yet oftimes when there are no outward objects presented it breaks forth into violent passions and some secret thought entring the mind of a contumely offered or by indignation by reason of some inconvenience received the mind it self grows hot and is disturbed within Wherefore it is of great concernment in the difference of passions to know what temper every man is of what humours are abounding in his body and what is the quality of the spirits that arise from those humours For those that are of a hot and dry temper of them bodies are soonest angry especially short little men who are presently enraged upon some trivial businesse of no value Which anger by reason of the narrownesse of the place wâ—y little men are soâ—â— angry and the small distance of the organs presently seiseth on the mind and fires and burns them as low cottages and sheep coats For the same reason these little men exceed others for wit and judgment of mind because the spirits are gathered together and not so much dispersed and so perform their forces more closely A Simile from fuel on fire and sharply But as some fuel takes fire sooner than other combustible matters do and some are sooner put out than others are so it useth to happen in spirits and humours whereof some breed long and during passions others sudden passions and fading presently whence it falls out that cholerick men are hot and presently angry The 〈◊〉 of cholerick men and as straw and stubble presently takes fire so they by the thinnesse of a hot humour and sudden inflammation are more weakly angry for their anger suddenly grows cold and they are pacified But me lancholique people are slower before they grow angry Melancholique natures but when they are provoked they are ill to be calmed again and they are so mindfull of in juries that they will hardly be friends any more Flegmatique But flegmatique people as they are cold and moist are scarse ever moved with passions of the mind and are never greatly troubled with any thing whence it is that they are slothfull and sluggish and not fit for any noble actions on them the Proverb may be verified He hath no mind that hath no anger A proverb against sluggards Sanguin complexions But sanguin people are of hot and moist constitutions and are held with no waighty or serious businesse of cares but are wholly taken upon with sports tales songs and jears and complements and take care for nothing but pleasures and delights which conditions and differences of men alter according to the quality and mixture of the humours according to the climate and Ayre they live in and they do variously affect the minds of men and therefore I am perswaded that the humours are the causes of Passions For the heart being affected the spirits are raised and the humours boyl and the minds of men by their agitation are more inflamed as if a torch or fire brand were put under For as when the General or Prince is moved in an Army his guard of Souldiers A Simile from a Captain of an Army and all that are to defend him presently make themselves ready to fall on upon the enemy So when any passion ariseth all the humours are suddenly stirred with the heart and the spirits break forth as in anger shame bashfulnesse immoderate joy but in grief sorrow fear
Natures order and progresse and the Skies of Heaven have their motions and changes and move by a certain order The humours are under the like law for they have certain motions and effects and periods in mans body that every humour keeps its turn according to the variety of the four parts of the year and exercises it faculties and forces on mans body so it is that the blood in the spring is in force and breeds feaver and diseases of its own nature so choler every other day in summer with cholerick burning causeth a tertian Flegm The humours keep their times corrupting in the winter quarter causeth a quotidian intermitting and melancholly when Autumn comes makes a quartan So a diary ends in one day or a little more because that consists not in the putrefaction of humours but with an aereal spirit enflamed And all these are effected by the same law as the rising and setting of Stars are as also is the flux and reflux of the Sea and the pleasant change of hearbs and plants springing forth But that is admirable that the four humours make choise of certain hours and times of the day The motion of the four humours in the body and divide the artificial day and night amongst them by twelve temporal hours which to be true I have found by experience for by observing them I use to pronounce certainly when the feaver will come For the blood is vigorous as Soranus Ephesius testifies Math. 20. which like the Evangelists measure the times and spaces of day and night by equal hours from nine at night till three in the morning Mans mind more lively in the morning from the vapour of bloud in which time the blood is concocted and elaborated in the Liver Hence it is that the mind before day break is more chearfull and all people both sound and sick are more light-hearted by reason of the sweet vapour of the blood but yellow choller hath its turn from three in the morning till nine in the morning in which time the natural faculty doth part the choller from the blood and sends it to the Gall bladder hence it is that a man is then more prone to anger and will be easily offended but black choler or melancholique juice doth its office from nine in the morning till three in the afternoon and sits at helm In this time the Liver is cleansed of this grosse humour which is sent to the Milt by nature hence it is that in those hours the understanding of man is clowded and his mind is sad All the humours are vigorous at certain hours by the dark grosse fumes that arise from thence Flegme moves from three at night till nine at night for then supper being ended concoction begins in the stomach to be perfected and the meat to be boyled and turned to juice Hence it is that flegme swimming on the stomach and carried to the brain makes a man sleepy Now if you exactly count the manner of all these you shall find that the very hours that the several humours take their turns Feavers begin to assault the sick and as the spaces are ended that serve for the several humours if they be simple and without mixture the diseases are terminated also So continent Feavers and as many as proceed from blood come upon us in the morning tertians about nout noon that is at the sixth hour which is to us the twelfth hour both of day and night Quartans come about the ninth hour which is to us three in the afternoon The quotidian comes from flegme about the first watch of the night But if the humours overflow and are mingled one with another as they are wont to be then they keep not their lawfull times and orders for they are more sharp A simile from the concours of the Winds and continue longer For as winds coming together raise more grievous tempests When East and West Aeneid 1. and rainy South do roar Roling the mighty billows to the shoar So a disease is more violent by concours of humours and diseases joyned to cruelly torture mans body For in one body Ovid. Metam l. 1. cold hot moist and dry Soft hard light heavy strive for victory It is frivolous to refer the causes of these things to ill spirits For all these things consist in the corruption or inflammation quality or quantity of the humours For it is these things that make the fits shorter or longer Why blood causes continual feavers But when bloud much abounds in the body it causeth but one continual fit because that putrefaction and inflammation is in the receptacles of the veins in which the bloud runs as through Conduit Pipes Wherefore nature like a wise and faithful consul in a Civill and intestine war is alwaies at work and without intermission to cast forth the disease But flegme A simile from the Wisdome of a Consul yellow choller and black because they are not in so great quantities and are without the straightnesse of the veins they do not constantly molest but with intermission and diseases that arise from these humours are not so deadly because they have not so open a passage to the heart and principall parts and therefore cannot easily do so much hurt Yet some of these Feavours last long partly because the humour abounds and partly because of the clamminesse thereof that it can hardly be melted and concocted Wherefore Melancholiqe men are seldome merry Melancholique people not easily drunk unlesse they drink deep and of strong wine for that humour is wonderfull cold and dry Men of this constitution are like Iron that must have a great strong fire to make it hot A simile fit for melancholique people from burning Iron that it may be hammer'd For they want much strong Wine and they can well endure it and when they are well whittled they will play the mimicks and make sport and dance like Camels For being crabbed by nature when they are in drink they desire to seem very merry Melancholique Natures when they are hot with wine and pleasant And as they are hardly overcome with drink so they can as hardly be recovered of drunkennesse For when they drink abundantly and eat excessively it falls out that the thick grosse vapours stick faster to the brain so that the day following melancholique Imaginations grow more upon them For from the Wine the day before not digested and discussed their whole body sends up stinking vapours For it happens to them as it is with houses set on fire which though they are not wholly consumed by fire nor quite burnt up yet a burnt smell affects our nostrils and brain A good Simile from houses on fire so making ill favoured sents and vapours arising from the drink the day before are very offensive unto them and trouble their brain and minds and when they cannot discusse these and that they perceive their phantasms to increase they fall
it Which if you do not hinder them and call them back they will by degrees go to bed again But when they do these things if you speak to them in a known voice or call them by their christian names You must not call night walkers by their proper names they will fall being frighted thus their spirits being dissipated and their natural force discussed whereby they perform these things Wherefore you must let them go as they will and to retire again at pleasure But they that are troubled with the night-mare The night mare and are toiled in their sleep which happens when smoky fuliginous grosse vapours offend the heart and brain they must be pulled and called by their proper names for they are presently wakened if you speak but low and they come to themselves the fumes being discussed and the blood sinking down which is diffused through the conduits of the veins But for the most part this disease comes at beginning of the spring upon those that have alwaies a crudity on their stomachs Ill to ly upon the back and that lie often on their backs Whence it comes that they ly with open eyes and mouths which is great inconvenience to their health For suddenly as if some great weight came upon them they feel that streightnesse that they cannot cry out but mourn and lament but so soon as one calls them by their names they will presently turn on their side and shake of those hags they thought oppressed them But our night walkers are clean contrary to these for they with their eyes shut walk in the dark and make a great noyse every where and sometimes they are silent and go upward and downward and clamber up to the tops of houses without any help which I believe is done by them by their swelling and frothing blood and by their hot fiery spirit which being carried into the seat of the mind drives on the force and faculties of the soul whereby she perfects her functions and the instrumental parts to these actions and moves them to these effects Hot spirits cause of motion in sleep Whence it comes that the body by the force of the animal spirit which contains the strength of the nervs and muscles that is the office of feeling and moving in the brain and maintains it is carried upwards and by the force thereof in sleep is provoked to such actions Such condition'd men are of fine and loose woven bodies and of little stature but full of active spirits and hot minds whence it is that if they lay hold of any thing with the outmost joynts of their hands or feet they will ballance and stay themselves and stick fast to the planks For it falls out with these bodies as it is with those boys A simile from vessels of boys the sea that are cast into the mouth of the Sea in the Low-countries whereby Marrieners know how to ride safely and sail to their Ports avoiding fords and rocks they cannot see For these though they be covered with plates of Iron and bound with chains and fastned to a mighty great stone yet they flote and swim in the Sea nor do they fall to the bottom unlesse they come asunder because they are filled with winds and blasts bellows being joyn'd to them for that purpose So they because they are swoln with wind and are full of aereal spirit are carried upward A simile from Snails with horns and with a slow pace like snails that want their eyes they try their way their horns thrust forth and creep upon all high places and walk in the night But they do this without danger or hurt to their bodies and fall not because they do it leasurely and without fear or respect unto danger which will sometimes drive men that are awake from earnest businesse dangerous attemps For they go about these things no otherwise than men that are drunk or mad who inconsiderately and with great rashnesse and boldnesse fear not to adventure upon any danger which if the next day or when they come to themselves they think upon and what danger they were in they will really professe they have forgot all and be much frighted at the relation they hear from others And if the humours be not so not in such kind of bodies and the spirits are not so much stirred and troubled they will onely cry out and leap a little but they will stay in their beds for the spirits are not so violent as to raise the body Lib. de Comit. morb For whosoever as Hippocrates saith hath a hot brain as cholerick and not flegmatick persons have these will cry and brawl in the night especially if they do unquietly perform their dayes labour and have care of their businesse having much to do As are some busie-bodies unquiet boasting people that thrust themselves into all businesses and run here and there and use strange gestures and you may know them by their eyes countenance gate cloathing and whole habit of their bodies all which they compose divers wayes and change them taking upon them another person as of a Player Fencer or Mountebank that runs up and down and calls the people together to see idle sports Men quiet in the day are clamorous in the night Hence it comes that they rise in their sleep and make a great noise and clapping of their hands by reason of phantasms that are represented to their sense and that agree with their wills and diurnal actions So all of us when we do any thing seriously in the day-time the species and representations of such things will trouble our minds in the night and make is cry out and tosse up and down Which Lucretius sets down in verse thus We see that many in their sleep will walk Will do what they did waking Lawyers talk And plead their causes strongly and Lawes write And Generals wage war and fiercely fight Saylers will strive with winds and every man Useth the same profession that he can Or what he hath long used or that kind That is most pleasing to his troubled mind For what hath tryed us and employed us all the day when the day is at an end flies to the brain and causeth distempers in the night or at least holds the mind with Employments that the sleep is not sweet but interrupted by dreams CHAP. VI. Of those that are drown'd mens bodies will flote on their backs and womens will flote on their faces and if their lungs be taken forth they will not swim IT is found by experience in the Low-Countries L. 7. c. 17. which Pliny also testifies that mens bodies when they are drown'd lye on their backs with their faces upwards toward Heaven but women lye with their faces groveling downwards and flote with their faces toward the ground In which Nature is thought to take care of their chastity that their secrets may not be seen but be decently concealed But I think it
negotiations accomplished to serve for necessity and that by it we may provide such things for our selves that the nature of Mortall men subsists by and may want none of them namely cloths Houses whereby we defend our selves from the winds and injuries of the Ayre all things belonging to housholding moderate diet and many such like things whereby we live not lesse conveniently than healthfully Horace recalls men to this tranquillity of mind L. 1. Serm Sat. 1. and moderate use of things for he was an excellent corrector of vice and he warnes us what specially we should take care for who commonly hide the fault of covetousnesse under the cover of necessity What will it profit thee for fear of Dearth Or Thieves to hide great Treasure in the Earth Thou know'st no worth nor use of Money buy Bread herbs and Wine and what may satisfie Nature which craves but for necessity The use of things to be regarded Whereby he shews that all should be referred to necessary uses and convenience of living and if to this we have sufficient to adorn our bodies handsomly and to go decently and cleanly as men ought to do and women likewise may be gracefully decked according to their sex I shall not be against it so it exceed not and our apparell be not too costly and incline too much to Luxury and voluptuousnesse Frugalnes must be regarded in all things but that all things may be bounded by frugality and temperance and serve for honesty and decency For men for the most part are so given that they delight in nothing but sumptuous and magnificent things Nature is content with a little whereas nature can be contented with small matters easily to be had and that cost but little But to let passe these things I shall discourse of the nature of this mettal that is endowed with many and great virtues For Gold is one of the most effectuall things and hath the most present vertue to drive forth the most cruel diseases and to restore health where it is decayed and needs repairing For such as are tainted with the venerious disease from foul copulation and have any contagion in their secrets are manifestly helped by the use of it Also it purgeth the Elephantiasis which is held to be the common Leprosy Gold purgeth the Leprosy or at least it asswageth it It fastneth loose teeth and such as are weak or vitiated by filthy moisture and it corrects all ulcers and pushes in the mouth Also those that have a stinking breath that smells filthily I use to give them counsel that they should commonly carry in their mouths Rings made of the purest and unmixed Gold especially those that have been anointed for the French Pox and have ulcers in their lips and Gums For this purgeth the venome and dries up the sores use of Gold in meat And if you please to boyl with your meats Plates or pieces of leaves of Gold and such as are sick to drink the broth it can hardly be said what refreshment their vital spirits shall receive thereby Wherefore I use to restore and recreate such as are consumed and wasted in their flesh or exhausted and wearied by immoderate venery with such decoctions and the Gold is never the worse for it nor doth it lose any part Gold loseth nothing by boyling or is in the least diminished thereby Sometimes I bid them cast into a round topt vessell which men call an Alembeck set upon a hot fire a Capon chopt in small pieces or calfs flesh and some yelks of Egs pouring thereon three or four sextaries of Cows Milk A Sextarius is 1 pound and 8. ounces mingling therewith some raspings of the most pure Gold called Obrisum or a Gold Chain and the most effectual hearbs as Eringo roots Hartichokes Parsnips Skirrots Carlinum Garden-Thistle and that hearb which shoots forth with a Mossy concretion and from its yellow glittering colour and golden specks that stick upon it is called Sun-dew or Ros-solis also Dates and Raysins taking out the stones and sweet Apples with all these things together at a gentle fire a liquor drawn forth by drops and set in the Sun for three dayes may be kept for many uses for it will restore such as are fallen into a swound and whose spirits faint and it will repair those that are bloudlesse lean A remedy for the disease of the heart consumed but in the pain of the heart and Brititish sweat it is a present remedy and in restoring the forces of the heart it is very effectual and healthfull if a spoonfull or more be given at a time to those that are in that case nor is Gold applyed outwardly with lesse profit and convenience where the heart is endangered by any outward or inward disease growing on Gold cheers the heart For besides the aspect of Golden pieces and rings which oft-times are set with some pretious stone that delights the eyes if the finger of the left hand which is next to the little finger be rubbed with Gold and a little Saffron for diseases of the heart it will recover a man though he be fallen down and his animall and vitall spirits be stopt so that he is speech-lesse and almost dead and no signs of life appear The effects of Gold red hot also red hot Gold plunged into wine to quench will procure great force to the parts and corroborats the natural faculties For if any ill matter cleave to the internal parts it purgeth it away consumes and devoures and it gives vigour to the affected part and fills it with vitall spirit Also this liquor applyed outwardly will kill Tetters Ring-worms Leprosies Scabs Scurf Ozena Polypus and all filthy sores of the Nose Morphew and all freckles that deform the skin and will restrain and correct them especially if you mingle with this liquid painting stuff a little Tartar which is a stony matter that grows together from the wine in the vessels What Tartar is For this will take away all spots though never so fowl and will adorn and beautify red warty Nostrills Chin Cheeks Face forehead in which parts such eruptions are seen to come forth oft-times very ill-favouredly and ugly CHAP. VII Of the Measils of Hogs and other diseases of this creature that are next kin to the Leprosy and are commonly called Orighans or contagions from the unwholesome and sickly habit of the body And how this disease may be cured in men What meats are made of Hogs flesh BEcause Gentlemen also do commonly eat Hogs flesh and there is scarse any Family but Bacon is brought sometimes to the Table and flitches and Gammons that sometimes come from far Countries and other meats that are made of them as puddings Sausages and the like I thought fit to set down something here concerning the nature of this creature Since therefore a Hog delights in mud and filth and to wallow in dirt the first care must be to
begin That 's naught Yet more there creeps a yellow skin But you are worse pale do not tutor me I lately buried such a one as thee Thou liv'st go on I will now say no more Swoln with good cheer and belly white this poor Fellow doth purge and vomit what doth smell Like Brimstone and doth make a stink like hell He trembles in his wine and doth let fall Out of his hands the cup and wine and all His teeth do crash ly bare and broth that 's fat Drops from his lips Such men as these are found almost every where now a dayes who when diseases shew themselves in their faces countenance eyes and the whole habit of their bodies yet they will not discover them to skillfull Physitians but they conceal and foster them to the great detriment of their healths which when they have taken deep root and are fast can hardly be rooted out wherefore the wise man gives to every one wholesome counsel Eccles 18. to use remedies against diseases in time for it is better to take Physick at first than at last To which may be applyed that of Persius You see some ask for Hellebour too late Sat. 3. Stop at first When the skin swells men should anticipate Which should be carefully told to them who carelessely regard not to use means when their health begins to decline and neglecting to support it at last fall into desperate diseases Wherefore those that are on the brink of a sickly constitution do not presently recover but have a neutrall body and are neither sick nor well but in the middle between health and sicknesse and therefore they must carefully regard their health for it is easy for them to be worse But what I say of a neutral body besides other things may also be referred to the condition of the Ayre and the sky for sometimes the Ayre is healthfull pestilentiall mean and the sky is sometimes clear sometimes cloudy sometimes tolerable between both which also may be seen in the winds and waves of the Sea and in mens affections and motions of their minds the like may be observed For they are moderate vehement turbulent moved mean remisse quiet So that things are not alwaies at the same passe nor do they run the same course CHAP. VI. Of the reason of seeing and quicknesse of the eyes and why some will see clearly things a great way off and yet are blind close by others will see the smallest things near them exactly but things afar off though they be high mountains they cannot discern easily and why commonly the right eye is duller than the left and sees not so clear By the way concerning the colours of the eyes and many other things which are arguments of the mind also some remedies for a dull eye AMongst the many and great gifts of Nature and most ample endowments The excellency of the mind wherewith Man is adorned by the best and greatest God abundantly there is nothing better and more divine than the mind of man to which since all the senses serve and obey yet principally the ministery of sight and speaking are employed by him when he will explain his mind The beginning of sight is from the brain For in this we principally excell beasts that we have power to expresse the meaning of our minds and bring forth our counsels by words so in the eyes the vertue of seeing is not wholly placed but they are as two windows of the soul that stand open from the seat of the mind unto the eyes by the intending and remitting motion and constancy whereof the motions and cogitations of our minds are discovered The faculty of seeing consists indeed in the eye or that clear transparent chrystalline humour which that it may be moist with a watry humour which men call the white A simile from a Jewel set in Gold so doth it swim and is set within the glassy humour and it doth illustrate the Apple of the eye that is the sight we see with with such a shining brightnesse as a clear and excellent Jewel doth a ring Wherefore sight is attributed to the eyes not as to the principal place but as being the organ or instrument of it for the brain by the visual nerves sends spirits to them whereby the faculty of seeing is performed For when the brain is hurt or ill affected though the eyes be well the sight grows dull The head hurt hurts the sight and the sharpnesse of the eyes is darkned which is proper to drunkards and dotards and those that are in feavers Wherefore by this reason is sight ascribed to the eyes that consist of three humours and four Coats because they are guided by the brain and mind that have the chief power Kingly power in the brain for from them proceed and flow by the optick or visual nerves pure clear thin bright spirits whereby if the dark Ayre hinder not or some depraved constitution of the eyes sight is performed exactly But if they be diminished obscure troubled slender the sight of the eye is made dim and not so sharp but from the temper of the eyes there grow divers manners and reasons of sight For he that hath plenty of spirits and perfectly pure that are clean well-polished as a clear chrystal glasse he can see exactly things that are far remote For when that humour is perfectly wrought there flows from it a thin and sincere vapour or light spirit whereby chiefly sight is performed and things at a great distance may be discerned For when the animal spirit is much Who hath the best sight and plentifull subtile thin and heavenly it carrieth the sight a great way and sees all things clearly nor is it easily wearied with continuall looking or a fixed intending of it The sanguine have strong sights and the moist and hot spirit hath this faculty commonly called the sanguine complexion But where the spirit is but little yet pure and not cloudy he can see things near at hand clearly and distinctly and hath a certain choice but things at a distance or something farther off he sees not so clearly For a little and mean spirit is easily dissolved and vanisheth and cannot carry the sight so far Whence it comes that such as have the organ of sight furnished with a clear but yet small spirit will see the smallest characters without hurting their sight but great mountains farther off or rocks that are capes at Sea they cannot see so well which happens to a hot and dry or cholerick complexion But why some do see things hard by them but meanly Cholerick see clearly and things distant not at all proceeds from want of spirits and grossenesse of them What sight a grosse spirit makes But where the spirits are plentifull and grosse and somewhat thicker than ordinary that man can long endure to look on a thing and not be weary to behold it long and stedfastly that is obvious
better performed by hot fomentations than by cold somtimes we must put such things to their Nostrills as may recreat their Spirits Sweat-smellâ— râ—create the Spirits and may restore the Life that is faint with too great hear as are Roses Violets Clove-Gilliflowers Camphit Buglosse Borage Water-Lillies Wine Amber Lemmons Quinces whereof most of them may be given inwardly boyled in Wine or strewd with Sugar or seasoned some otherwise for sauce adding a little Saffron and Cinamon thereto whereby they may be more pleasing for smell and tast the senses and Heart and Palate and may the better restore the decayed spirits And though the Physitians do not use rashly to admit any innovations about the sick Sometimes Physitians will yeild to the sick to please them nor to depart a hairs breadth from what is reason yet in some things they will yeild to them after the Crisis is over that is when certain signs of recovery appear and the greatest part of the humours is either discussed by sweat or drawn forth by bloud-letting and purging critically for then we are not unwilling to let them sometimes drink wine or cold water then we suffâ—r them to change their furniture beds coverings and to remove into other chambers which if they were suffered to do before the state and vigour of the disease before the Crisis and concoction of it they would bring them presently in danger of their lives For the heat of the bed and fomentations applyed to the body When sweat comes forth seasonably do betimes call forth the Feavourish heat and help the sweat and pustuls to break out so that the bowels that were inwardly oppressed with grosse fumes and vapours the skin and pores being opened by heat are refreshed and ventilated For by this means the putrefaction is soon discussed all stoppings are broke open the feaver is abated and all things grow milder For as in a dining room filled with smoke A simile from smoky houses the guests are almost strangled and their eyes like to be put out unlesse the dores and windows be set wide open that the smoak and fuliginous vapours may flye out into the Ayre and vanish so in the body of man the heart is almost choaked by the thick clouds and dark humours unlesse the pores and passages be laid open that the foul vapours may breathe away A simile from skimming the Pot. And as it is when we boil meat the filth and skim that riseth up must be skimmed off we call it Broem and all be well purged lest the meat should be polluted with some excrements and filth so at first by sweat vomit phlebotomy purging the humours heaped in the body must be removed before they spread into the veins A simile from washing out of spots and fasten into the Arteries for then as spots that stick long in garments they can hardly be washed out nor so easily be driven from their places where they sit fast But as for the trimming of the beard for therein consists the grace and ornament of a man and the hairs that grow on the head wherein there is contained a manlike force to shave the beard is ill sometimes Judges 26. as Sampson makes it good and in all ages many more have done who are very hairy I would have all men take notice that oft-times it is not good for men in perfect health to have their Beards and hair shaved close to their skins or to have their heads long washed For too much use of it weakens the forces and makes men effeminate and unmanly also it resolves and extenuates the spirits and native heat and draws from the heart great part of boldnesse and courage in undergoing dangers though sometimes to rub the head with some coorse cloath to stroke the beard To rub the head good for the eyes and to soke it with some moist abstergent matter is good to clear the eyes and makes the mind more quick But for men that are sick or newly recovered from diseases I think it not fit so soon as they are grown well to be shaved with a Rasour for it moves the flowing of humours and if any reliques of the disease remain yet in the body it moves and stirs them and raytern up a new feaver as a fire that was almost out for by this innovation diseases do no lesse grow again or Feavers that are remaining are strangely brought in again no otherwise than they are by some distemper of meaâ—s and drinks or changing of shirts or linnen For the same reason I think not good to wash the feet at the beginning of diseases When are the seet to be washed especially in the decoction of hearbs that have an attracting quality as Mugwort Pennyroyal Marigolds Fetherfew Tansey Bay-leaves Nor is bathing good till the body be purged When are baths good and the fury of the disease abate and signs of concoction appear and the floting humours are fit for excretion otherwise they break forth into some principal parts and flote here and there with uncertain motion Wherefore we must observe when it is fit to wash the feet or to desist from this businesse wherein the unskillfull multitude errs to their great danger who do it without using choice of difference and so soon as the disease comes upon them they fall to washing of their feet When it is ill to wash the feet For if the diseases be above the Midriff or Rheums fall from the head upon the Breast washing the feet exasperates the disease so if any man be troubled with a Pleuresy inflammation of the Lungs Quinsey Cough pain of the side Pose Hoarsnesse Catarrh he must altogether cease from washing his feet and by no means use this remedy for the humour falls upon the parts underneath and exasperates and enrages all But in diseases that proceed from the lower parts under the Midriffe namely that are in the Stomach Ventricle Spleen Liver Matrix Bladder Reins Guts it may be done safely and to great good purpose especially if from those parts arise any faintings or swoundings or any other affection whereto also we may use frictions and ligatures and set cupping glasses to the hips When frictions and ligatures are good or if there be need to open a vein we may do it in the great Toe or about the Ankle or Ham and draw forth bloud for thus as in a sheep To turn away the heat it 's very good Georg. 3. To strike a Vein itâ—h foot and let one bloud But for the trembling of the heart and palpitation for swoundings and pain of the heart When the bands must be pinched for shortnesse of breath for swellings of the throat and tumours it is good to pull the hands and rub the fingers especially that which is next the little finger and useth to wear a Gold ring the middle vein in the arm must be opened in that part where the pain comes cupping glasses must be
and grow greater by a sudden and immoderate heat In the mean time the parts affected must be gently rubbed and chafed with the hand with oyle of Camomile Dill sweet Almonds then wet with warm water or with warm milk newly milk't from the Cow in which are boy'ld green Bay-leaves that are oyly Rosemary Sage Lavander Spike of that part of France called Celtica or french Lavender whereby the blood may be recalled and the parts that are dead may revive And all these things must be done gently by degrees least pain may be caused thereby Cold an enemy to the Nerves and bones I think there is no man but hath sometimes proved in himselfe what bitter pains the joynts endure by reason of the nerves that have a most exquitsie feeling when they grow stiffe with a more intense and peircing cold the blood being either extinguished or running inward into the inmost parts so that at the first coming of cold the hands will wax red and by and by as the blood grows cold they will grow wan and dead being deprived of the vitall blood and Spirits Wherefore the Joynts must be chafed easily and bathed in a decoction of the Intestines of four footed beasts What will help lims oppressed with cold with their feet puddings and tripes which is to be commonly had in all Cities and to be provided In which liquor as also in Cows milk hearbs may be boyled that I mentioned before wherewith the parts may be heated again with heat of life that were almost dead and restored to their first temper for such fomentations do help and strengthen the parts and ease the pains as also baths stoves and Baths of sweet waters do Also the parts thus affected so they be not totally benummed with cold Snow and cold water raise up heat and that some bloud be left in them are to be plunged in cold water and washed with it which will restore them to their former vigour and they will by degrees regain the heat they had lost for by antiperistasis or contrarietie the heat comes in the cold being driven away which every man may make proof of by handling Snow or Ice for his hands will presently grow hot and look very red So frozen Apples soked in cold water return to their own nature and all that is congealed in them melts and is dissolved So Ice let down into a pit will suddenly melt and run Wells are cold in Summer hot in Winter For well-waters are hot in winter as store-houses and caves under ground are but in Summer they are exceeding cold Moreover that the heat and vital spirits may be driven forth from the inward parts to the outward parts we must give some things to drink made of wine and other heating things whereby natural heat like fire raked up in ashes may be stirred up and also some of the best Theriac must be drunk with wine and outwardly we must apply to the body bottles of Tin Bottles applied to the body bring forth sweat or Earth fil'd with hot water wherein hearbs are boyl'd that draw forth sweat and open the pores as Fennel Smallage of the Marshes Lovage Lovage with black leaves Macedonian Parsley Bay-leaves Balm Angelica Origanum Rue Savoury c. Which I use to do also in the Plague that thereby all the venome and contagion may be discussed from the heart How Seamen must be restored after shipwrack And if any man after ship-wrack be cast on the shore and besides his joynts and limbs benummed with cold hath drank in much salt-water he must take such things as provoke urine abundantly that the salt water may not corrode his inward parts I bid them make a drink of barley Figs Raysins Anniseed Fennel-seed and roots and red chiches putting a little Licoris thereto for this takes off from the heat and acrimony of the Seawater and suppleth and easeth the ulcerated parts A safe potion for such as have drank Sea-water And as for their meat they must eschew all salt sowre sharp things water of Honey and Cows milk with a little Sugar is an excellent remedy for them A Ptisan drink and all that is made of Barley either to sup or in Pap or Creme of Barly doth wonderfully help them And if the skin outwardly be corroded as it useth to be by salt water A liniment for the skin worn by Salt-water they must have a Liniment of fresh Butter Hogs grease without Salt Goose Ducks Hens grease unguent of Roses and of black Poplars CHAP. XXI Whence arise and grow stings of Conscience in man and whether as passions and perturbations of the mind they are to be ascribed to the humours or whether they consist in the mind and the will COnscience that is the testimony of good and bad in every mans mind which by a remembring of what is done What Conscience is approves what is praise worthy and condemns what is naught and ill is by God set in every mans heart So a pure and sound mind that is guilty of no fault comes forth by calling to mind the good life that such a man hath led but a troubled tumultuous fearful The force of Conscience unquiet mind riseth from the remembrance of an evill life and will offer it self whether a man will or no so that it drives some men into despair and desperation as it did Cain King Saul Judas and it raiseth others into hope and confidence of obtaining Salvation as it did David Peter Magdalen Therefore a man is affected with some anguish of his mind and torture in his soul whensoever conscience sets before him the memory of the wickednesse he hath committed When fear is the cause of Repentance and Salvation and it terrifies him with fear of revenge and punishment that he trembles at it by which pricks of conscience the mind sometimes elevated unto God as it fell out with the Prodigal Son is moved to repentance and dispelling fear obtains tranquillity so that the soul is raised again and cheered and sending the bloud through the body and elevating the spirits that a little before were almost extinguished the colour becomes fresh that was pale and almost gon the body pining and the mind being contracted with sorrow For being that the vices and affections of the mind do shew themselves in the habit of the body and in the Countenance if at any time any secret mischief or wickednesse lye hid in the Soul such kind of men upon any light occasion offered will commonly look pale be troubled and angry will tremble be short winded sad complaining suspicious half dead and are distracted with divers thoughts because as the Psalmist saith their sin is continually before their eyes so that they cannot as they would and as they seek to do obliterate and deface the memory of their sins committed but it will be daily renewed and be fresh again To which that prayer of the Prophet David may be
affection and feavourish cold which our countreymen call Wanlust the old Latines called it Helucus Helucus is a nauseating affection which word signifies those that loath and are nagging by reason of some surfer or sleeping at noon-day and who are alwaies forced to yawn To sleep aâ— noon good for old People But old men and such as are of ripe years may safely sleep at noon that is after dinner so that there be some distance between chiefly in Summer and hot weather for that distemper of the Ayre makes men sleepy and at that time we may take the convenience either to sleep sitting in a chair or lying down on a bed our heads being laid high upon a pillow For by such refreshment in sleep the spirits both natural and vital from whence the animal spirits of the brain receive their nutriment are restored and revived But immoderate watching is hurtful for all ages but most hurtfull for old age as is also fasting for both these dry the brain Watching dries and besides that they make men frantick and doring they dry the whole body and make it lean and starved Wherefore if by immoderate watchings fastings or night lucubrations or too much labour or immoderate venery our forces and spirits are exhausted and worn away and we grow lean the vital moysture being consumed we must renew our strength with moistning diet and sleeping drinks Sleepy remedies that moisten the Brain such are Lettice Spinach like Mallows in effect Orach Buglosse and Burrage the fresh seed of Poppy Water-Lilly-flowers called commonly Nenuphar or water and Marsh-Lillies the Hollanders call them Plompen or Waterlelien to these add Violet flowers Pine-kernels sweet Almonds Pistaches or fistick nuts creme of Barley Raysins and Currans that have small kernels but no stones Dates Oranges or Citron-pills Candied with Sugar or Honey for the vital or innate humour is refreshed by them and the Brain which is the seat of the mind is moistned with a moist dew and sweet vapour from whence ariseth sweet sleep and rest How drowsinesse may be shaken off without trouble or tossing up and down But if any man be naturally drowsy and he hath no spirit to any brave actions let him continually labour and exercise himself let him avoid all moist and cold meats and eat onely such things that by their heating qualities can dry up the superfluous humours that are the cause of sleep as are Hysop Rosemary Sage Origanum Marjoram Savoury red Coleworts Ginger Pepper Nutmegs Cloves and many more that relieve the brain that is filled with moyst vapours and raise the mind that is oppressed with damps and thick mists and make it ready and prepared for to conceive honest intentions CHAP. XXVII What profit or disprofit comes by fullnesse or emptinesse or when the belly is bound too much or is too loose THe same moderation must be used in all other things that may profit or hurt our health as are repletion and inanition whereby the body is either refreshed by meat and drink or is emptied when it is full of humours Moderation must be used in â—aring But as students and magistrates must be frugal in diet so they must not keep too sparing a diet least their spirits should waste who must also observe this accurately that their bellies be not too costive or too loose For both these if they exceed the mean are equally hurtfull to our health What loosen the belly For if it be too loose and we go to stool too often it will make the body lean and starved and keeps us from sleep dries our brains and impairs our memory but if we be too much bound and costive it clouds the memory and makes our eyes dull causing troublesome and tumultuous dreams grosse thick humours being carryed to the Brain What hearbs make the Belly slippery But such things as gently soften the belly are violets Lettice Spinach Orach a kind of Mallows which Martial shews was commended by the Antients for that use The Country Wife to make my belly loose Did bring me Mallows c. To these add Buglosse and Borage Chervil in Dutch Kervel Betes Blites Damask-Prunes Grapes and Currans with small stones Mulberries Figs. Physical things that do it are Mercury Fumitary Polypod Senna Rheubarb Wild Saffron Epithyme Cassia Manna or aery honey for Sammoney Tripolium or Turbith Melaerean c. deject our forces and therefore are to be exhibited to none but such as are strong as when we seek for a hard wedg for a hard knot But if the belly be more loose than is good for our health it may be stopt with the frequent use of red Mints What bind the belly or by the Syrrup of it which is frequent in the Apothecaries shops Also Quinces stop the belly and whatsoever is made of them Red Roses to these add Medlars before they grow soft and tender Cornels with a stone kernel within them but with a very good pleasant taste that is sowre and astringent Pontick Sumach our men call it Ribes which wonderfully stirs up appetite and discusseth loathing of meat and strengthens the stomach to retain the meat especially in Summer-time when the cholerick humour causeth the belly to be loose and makes fluxes for which use we have the juice of it made up with Sugar which Avicenna calls Rob What is Rob in Avicenna and this is ready and will serve to stop a loose belly and to get one an appetite and desire to his meat as also Pomegranates that have red corner'd stones in them and are some sweet some sowre CHAP. XXVIII Students and Magistrates must often purge the passages of their excrements The passages ordained for excrements must be purged GOd that made the body of man hath not in vain created so many wayes and passages to purge forth the humours and to wash away the excrements lest a man might be choked or oppressed by the abundance of them or the vapours that arise from them So the head purgeth it self by the Nostrills Ears the Palate and unburdens it self by neesing and spitting The Breast and Lungs by the vocal artery send forth flegme by coughing the Stomach and Ventricie cleanseth its sink by vomit and belching The Intestines purge themselves by the belly and with breaking wind backward the guts are cleansed from their excrements The Reins and Bladder send away the Urine by the urinary passages but the superficies of the body discusseth all fumes and sweat through the skin that is full of holes and pores Wherefore since the body cannot be well unlesse all parts be rightly constituted and do their office as they should care must chiefly be had that no errour or distemper arise that may vitiate or impair the actings of the organical parts for the mind it self useth the ministery of them and by them doth famous things If any disease offend them if the head be heavy or full of flegme if the stone strangury or dripping of