Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n
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A42447
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Some considerations concerning the Trinity and the ways of managing that controversie
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Gastrell, Francis, 1662-1725.
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1696
(1696)
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Wing G303; ESTC R14599
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33,473
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64
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just before declared Now the Reasons which determined my Opinion in this Matter were such as freely offered themselves upon an unprejudiced reading of Scripture and considering the Design Connexion and Analogy of those Writings And I am apt to believe if any Man else took the same Method and considered Things togegether and not only in loose Texts and Passages the first Result of his Thoughts would be the same viz. These Terms Father Son and Holy Ghost must all be so understood as to include the same God in their Signification and that any other Sense or Explication of the Words would be attended with greater Difficulties But this being a Reflexion which is founded upon the Agreement and Coherence of all the Parts of Scripture 't would be a very improper and ineffectual Design to go about to confirm the Truth of it from some particular Passages Omitting therefore all those Texts which are a great many where any of these Terms Father Son or Holy Ghost appear to be directly affirmed of God according to a fair Construction of the Words I shall only observe Two or Three Passages from the History of our Saviour and his Gospel which to my Apprehension do as strongly prove what I have advanced as the most formal Expressions and are less liable to be perverted by the Criticisms of Language The first Observation I have to make concerns the common Forms of Baptism Salutation and Blessing used in several Places of the New Testament Now these are Matters no way controverted That our Saviour commanded his Disciples to go and teach all Nations baptizing them in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost That St. Paul makes use of such Salutations as these The Lord be with you The Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all Grace be to you and Peace from God the Father and from our Lord Jesus Christ And particularly closes his Second Epistle to the Corinthians with this 〈◊〉 and fuller Blessing The Grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the Love of God and the Communion of the Holy Ghost be with you all From whence I infer that all these Terms Father Son and Holy Ghost signifie God because I cannot possibly conceive 't is agreeable to the Nature of the Christian Religion that the Ministers of it should Teach Baptize or Bless the People in any other Name but God's It cannot be imagined but the People must equally believe in those in whose Names they are Baptized or Bless'd They must believe that those who are call'd upon to bestow Graces and Blessings upon them are able to give what they are called upon for And whatever is meant by Baptizing in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost it seems very plain that these Three are all equally concerned in what 's done in that Sacrament Whether by this Form of Baptism be signified on the Minister's Part the Authority or Commission by which he acts in his Administration or whether on the Part of the Person baptized be meant any Acknowledgment or Confession Submission or Dedication of himself or whether this Phrase in the Name or as in the Greek into the Name does imply all this and more the whole Force and Importance of the Expression does in the same Extent belong to Father Son and Holy Ghost The Power and Authority here received is derived from all Three They are all to be acknowledged as Authors of our Salvation all infallible and to be believed in what they Teach have all the same Title to our Submission and Obedience and are Joint-Parties in that Covenant we make in Baptism The Inference from hence is very Plain and Easie That if any one of these Terms signifie God they must all Three signifie God and if all Three signifie God they must all Three signifie one and the same God for God is but One. Now that the One Supreme God the Lord and Maker of All Things is here meant by the Word Father is a Thing not questioned and therefore Son and Holy Ghost are Terms expressive of the same Divine Nature Should we but suppose the contrary That by Son was meant only a meer Man or some Heavenly Being of highest Rank under God and by Holy Ghost was signified only some created Spirit inferior to the Son or the Power Efficacy Love Favour or Vertue of God how strange would such a Form of Baptism appear I Baptize thee in the Name of God Peter the Apostle and the Power or Love of God or I Baptize thee in the Name of God Michael the Archangel and Raphael a Ministring Spirit There needs no more but a bare Mention of such an Exposition to shew the Falshood of it What absurd Consequences may be drawn from it I shall leave to every Man 's particular Reflexion Another Thing which mightily confirmed me in this Belief that the Father Son and Holy Ghost so often named in Scripture are One and the same God under those Three different Appellations was this That the Son who is the same with him that is in other Places called the Lord and the Lord Jesus Christ and sometimes only Jesus or Christ was worship'd with a Religious Worship by those that followed him and embraced his Gospel For if he that was called the Son of God or Christ was thus to be worship'd it plainly and evidently follows from hence according to all the Notions we have of God and Religion either from Nature or Revelation that the Son was also God the same true and only God with the Father And if the Son be allowed to be God as well as the Father it will be easily admitted that the Holy Ghost is so too who appears in Scripture invested with all the same Characters of Divinity For Father Son and Holy Ghost are as consistent with the Vnity of the Godhead as Father and Son only and besides there 's greater difficulty in conceiving the Son to be God than the Holy Ghost because of his Humane Nature But that he was God manifest in the Flesh is I say apparent from the divine Worship that was pay'd to him For that God only is to be worship'd is an evident Principle as well as an indispensable Duty and I can as soon believe a thing to be and not to be as that any thing that is not God should be worshipped as God Now that Christ received the Honour and Worship due to God only is plain from abundance of Places of Scripture where we find he was not only adored with all the outward Expressions of Reverence and Devotion but confess'd and acknowledged to be God by an Application of the Divine Attributes to him such as agree only to God and are incommunicable to any other as might be proved at large if it had not been done already But this being fully insisted upon by others I shall only name Two Passages to this Purpose the one Phil. 4. 13. the other Act. 7. 59. which if there were no other are of
Holy Ghost may be considered as Persons or Personal Characters which do not imply any distinction of Being or Nature The Greeks are supposed to have meant the same by Hypostases as we do by Person this word being sometimes the very Translation of the other And if so there 's the same ground for the use of both But if they meant any thing else they could hardly have so good Warrant for it from Revelation Now that one of these Persons or Hypostases should be both God and Man there is this Foundation in the Scriptures for He who is there called the Son of God did certainly appear in the likeness of Men being in all respects Sin only excepted truly and properly Man as his Birth Necessities Sufferings and Death sufficiently testifie 'T is certain also that the same Jesus Christ who was called the Son of God and was made in the likeness of Man is affirmed by St. Paul Phil. 3. 7 8. to have been in the form of God when he took the Nature of Man upon him But besides this and many other Texts to the same effect 't is plain from what before has been proved that God did suffer himself to be worshipped and adored in and by the Man Christ Jesus The least that can be inferred from which is that God was more immediately and peculiarly present in Christ than ever he is said to have been any where else As in the Heavens Jewish Temple between the Cherubims in Prophets and Holy Men who spake as they were moved by the Spirit of God What created Object was ever allowed to intercept the Worship paid to God or share with him in it Were the Heavens the Temple the Cherubim or Prophets to be adored Nay has not God taken a particular care to preserve Men from Idolatry by forbidding them to Worship him in or by any sensible Representation Did not the Apostles who worship'd Christ forbid others to Worship Men of like Passions with themselves commanding them to direct all their Devotion to the Living God who made Heaven and Earth How then can we suppose that Christ was only a meer Man or some other Creature and not rather believe that he had the Fulness of the Godhead dwelling in him bodily But here it is Objected How can God and Man be united And to this I must fairly Answer that I cannot tell I have confessed already in the Account I have given of those Notions of Vnity and Distinction that I have not any just or distinct Conceptions of the Vnion of Spiritual Beings either with Bodies or with one another But this I will venture to say that I can as well conceive God and Man together under one Idea at one view as I can conceive a Soul and Body so united All that I know of the Vnion of Soul and Body is that there is some Intelligent Power that makes use of the Organs of my Body and Acts in conjunction with the Motions there produced And I may as well consider God united to Man when he so Acts by the Ministry and Operation of Man that the Actions of God seem conveyed to us the same way as the Actions of one Man are to another Had those who upon some occasions spake by the extraordinary Assistance of a Divine Power been constantly so directed and assisted how would they have distinguished the Motions of their Souls from the Impressions of God And why then should not we think such an Extraordinary Power as this as much united to such Men as that Common ordinary Power we call the Soul is to those Bodies in which it acts and exerts it self Some have been of Opinion that what we call the Soul is nothing else but a constant regular Inspiration or a determinate Concurrence of God Almighty with such and such Motions and Capacities of Matter But whether this be so or no as most probably it is not it seems to me very plain from Scripture that such a Power which we ascribe to God did as Constantly and Regularly Act in and through Christ as the Human Soul is perceived to do in any other Man As appears from his absolute security from all manner of Sin and Error from his constant knowledge of the Thoughts and Designs of Men and the Will and Decrees of God and from his Readiness and Ability to work Miracles at any time and upon any occasion All which are manifest Tokens of an uninterrupted Presence and Concurrence of the Deity Especially if we consider the Calmness and Evenness of Spirit observable in our Saviour entirely free from all the transports of over-ruling Impressions 't is a further Argument that he did not receive the Spirit of God at times or by measure but was as conscious of all the Divine Perfections in himself as a Man is conscious of his own Thoughts Such are the Grounds we find in Scripture for those particular Explications of the Trinity before-mentioned In the next place we are to Enquire what the Scriptures necessarily oblige us to believe in this Point But before this Question can be resolved there are two things to be premised 1. That whatever Articles of Faith are absolutely necessary to Salvation all Persons of every Rank and Condition are equally obliged to believe them There is not one Religion for the Peasant and another for the Scholar We have the same general Rule to walk by though particular Obligations may be greater or lesser fewer or more according to different Circumstances and Relations And whatever Principles and Duties are of general Necessity ought to be so plainly revealed as to be easily understood by ordinary Capacities upon a fair and careful Examination 2. That in order to this end it seems to have been the Design of the Scriptures to represent God in a sensible manner though at the same time they take care to assure us that God is in his own Nature a Being of different Perfections not conceivable by Human Understanding And is thus represented only in condescention to our weakness for the help and assistance of our Devotion So that all Expressions of this kind where God is the Subject are to be understood in a higher and more Spiritual sense but still with some Analogy to what they properly and usually signifie Thus to use a common Instance when 't is said that God looks down and beholds what 's done among the Children of Men that he hears the Cries of the Righteous and the Blasphemies of the Wicked 't is not to be imagined that he sees as Man sees that he makes use of any Organs of Sense but 't is thus expressed to give us more lively Notions and Impressions of the certainty of God's Vniversal Knowledge to assure us that God more plainly fully and infallibly knows whatever is done in all the Earth than we are capable of knowing those things which fall within the reach of our Senses This being premised it seems very plain to me that the Doctrine of the Trinity is