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A61334 An apology for the laws ecclesiastical established that command our publick exercise in religion and a serious enquiry whether penalties be reasonably determined against recusancy / by William Starkey ... Starkey, William, 1620 or 21-1684. 1675 (1675) Wing S5293; ESTC R34597 99,432 218

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sin and misery wherewith the Earth is overspread as once out of the Ark so now out of the Church there can ordinarily be expected no Salvation The Ark was cemented within and without with Pitch and the Church with Charity Sometimes they have likened her to a Coat to Josephs Coat that was polymita divers coloured to Christs Coat inconsutilis without seam rents or divisions In Holy Scripture in several places the Church of Christ is compared to an House or Temple Many distinct stones and several pieces of wood make up one Building for the protection entertainment and comfort of the Owner so many Believers make up one living Temple one spiritual House for Christ and his Spirit to dwell and delight in As no number of Planks can make up a Ship an Ark without close joynting No multitude of Threds can make a warm Garment without close weaving No Stones can make up an House without close cementing No Members or Parts can make up a Body without close compacting so no number of Men can make up a Church without Conjunction or Vnity And this the Holy Spirit of Christ intimates unto us in that heavenly Song Cant. 6.9 My love my undefiled is but one the only one of her Mother the choice one of her that bare her yea so we believe and so we teach there is but one Catholick Church Let the Sectaries and Separatists that think to drown the cry of their sin with the noise of Conscience Let them boast vainely of their Multitudes that every one of their Congregations though of different Perswasions is the pure Church while they study to be many and make Divisions they are not the true Spouse and Church of our Lord Jesus Christ The Devil may have many Synagagues but Christ hath but one Church one Wife one Spouse one Royal Priesthood one holy People one People of his purchase There is but one Catholick Church One invariable from the beginning of the World as to Substantials and so will continue to the end of the same and rather than there should be an appearance of two Christ our Peace shed his Blood to make those that seemed twain both one and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us Eph. 2.14 One End to be attained by the same Means One People to be governed by the same Laws One Body to be actuated by the same Spirit Of that one Body one Head one Faith one Baptism One Eve the Mother of all living Men One Church the Mother of all Believers No wonder St. Paul should so pathetically beseech the Ephesians that if they would walk worthy of the Vocation whereunto they were called that they should hold the Vnity of the Spirit in the bond of Peace No wonder our Blessed Saviour in his last Agony in the Garden should pray so earnestly for those especially that had received the Laws which he had given them from the Father that they might be One as they were John 17.23 That all that believe on him through his word might be made perfect in one If we see rightly we may behold Christ's Heavenly Jerusalem that is incompassed with holy Angels as Walls like a City that is compacted with the same Rules as so many ligaments and actuated with the same Spirit accounts it not only good and joyful but necessary for all the Members of the Society to be joyned together in Vnity It not only continues the welfare but upholds the Constitution and being of the Church of Christ to banish Division and hold fast this Vnity SECT II. There must be in the Catholick Church Vnity of Faith THus the Church of Christ began in the last Dispensation and so it is to be continued in Vnity They were all that were believers with one accord in one place The multitude of them that believed were of one heart and one soul As taught of God so of Christ they were taught to love one another and to do unto others as they would be done by like members of the same Body mutually sympathizing weeping with those that wept and rejoycing with those that did rejoyce bearing one anothers burthens and thus fulfilling the mind of Christ Neither had they of the Church of Christ a like respect to each others persons but the same respect to the Objects that were presented before them They did unanimously agree to chuse and refuse to love and hate the same thing They had a like hope a like fear the same joy the same sorrow Like Travellers tending to the same End they agree to walk in the same way and had the same will the same mind the same affections As they of the Church of Christ are to agree in the desires and affections of the appetitive part so ought they to agree in the conclusions and perswasions of the intellective part that nobler part of the Rational Soul of man if they will be knit into that Society that will hold professed subjection to the Rules of the Gospel The Society of Believers are to agree in the same Faith the same Judgment the same Conscience Thus St. Paul desires and expects of the believing Corinthians that they should be perfectly joyned together in the same mind and in the same judgment and of the Ephesians that they should endeavour to keep the Vnity of the spirit in the bond of Peace Eph. 4.3 There being meant by Spirit as elsewhere 1 Thess 5.23 the superiour faculty of the Rational Soul the conclusions of which were to be kept one and the same For but one Body and one Spirit even as ye are called into one hope of your calling One Lord One Faith One Baptism For Christ being ascended and set at the Right hand of God in heavenly places and having all things put under his feet as Head of the Church in it appointed several Orders and to them gave several Gifts for the perfecting of the Saints for the work of the Ministery for the edifying his Body till every part might come in the Vnity of the Faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God unto a perfect man c. Upon this Rock Christ hath promised to build his Church meaning St. Peters Faith not his Person or Office As Christ hath but one Church so that one Church is founded upon one Rock and that unmovable unchangable alwaies the same The Rain may descend the floods may come down and the winds may blow and waves of opposition may split themselves with their own violence but the Faith of Christs Servants stand unmovable rather confirmed than hurt The Church of Christ is but One built upon one Rock But the Synagogues of Satan are built upon heaps of Sand Such is their Faith if I may say they have any as is like heaps of Sand whose forms are changed upon every pressure tossed up and down with every wind ready to receive either augmentation or diminution upon external Contingencies They are alwaies Changable But those that are truly Members of the
of Meeting that these be determined by the wisdom of the Governours upon Convenience as best conducing for the publick good of the Society are things so unquestionable as I think will meet with no opposition Now that every Christian is bound to attend these Congregations to advance Religion and propagate the general good he hath lost his Reason as well as Religion that dares deny it For what things we find experimentally either to be believed or done to be good and comfortable to ones self we ought to impart and communicate to the good of others and what St. Paul desired to see his Brethren Rom. 11. so we should put in practice as near as we can to impart some Spiritual gifts that we may be comforted together with them by the mutual faith both of them and our selves For Temporal things such is our unhappy necessity and the baseness of the things as if we would have any good to our selves we must have a particular propriety in them and injoyment of them The more we give others the less we injoy to our selves But for Spiritual things the commoner the better as there ought not so there needs not of them be desired an appropriation our propriety is not lost by Communication These things like seeds they multiply by scattering as fire kindles by blowing so our Faith increases by Confession Draw me and we will run after thee Holy Souls when drawn to good things would have others good with them not so selfish to run alone but call others to bear them company Andrew calls Peter Philip Nathaniel to come to Christ David would have the Tribes go up to the House of the Lord to bear testimony with him and give thanks with him c. And when with him there he would have others sing with him rejoyce with him fall down with him worship with him So the Author to the Hebrews not forsake meeting nor in their meeting mutual Exhortation offering Sacrifice Thanksgiving Profession of Faith none excepted or excluded Every one without injury to himself may help on his Neighbour by exercise of Religion and profession of Faith And certainly the declaring and publishing of our firm assent and soundness of Faith and Devotion must help on the resolution and settle the constancy of others in the same things Thus are we props and staies to our staggering and sinking Brethren and others waxing strong in the Lord and being strengthned and confirmed in their Faith grow confident in their Profession also And when thou art thyself converted thou oughtest also to strengthen thy Brethren Thus we blow up the coals of Devotion and kindle that Piety that breaks out into an heavenly flame to the inlightning and warming both our selves and our Neighbours Thus we shine as lights in the World While all agree and every one is intent in the Congregation on this Confession we stand directly under the influx of Grace It is the probable way when we are all thus imployed to have Christ come and make one of the Company While in Via like the two Disciples going to Emmaus while we are thus communing Jesus may draw near and go with us While we are thus speaking no doubt but Christ is ready to stand in the midst of us and say peace be unto us for so he hath promised and he is faithful That when two or three are gathered together in his Name he will be in the midst of them With this general Preaching and Ministring usually goes along the ministration of the Spirit And whosoever would not quench or stint the Spirit in this operation to Holiness he ought not to neglect or despise this kind of Prophesying It is a probable way in the Apostles Judgment to work upon those that are without the Church and unconverted 1 Cor. 14.24 25. when every one and all in a believing Congregation are thus Prophesying speaking freely and preaching and confessing Gods Excellencies and Perfections and shew our selves reverencing him and believing in him when an Heathen or Infidel come into such a Congregation He will fall down and worship God also being convinced of the reasonableness necessity and benefit of the duty by our respective Harmony and Uniformity he will say of a truth verily God is in the midst of us He is worse than Saul that will not thus prophesie among the Prophets and seeing others unanimously and devoutly worshipping and confessing to God who will not fall down and worship God also And while thus like Elijah we are riding up to Heaven in the Chariots of this holy fire it is not improbable that others like Elisha standing by may have the same Spirit resting upon them Thus every one that aims at the general good of himself and others be they within the Church or be they without the Church is obliged to an open profession of Faith in that respective Congregation to which he is associated that he may be instrumental to draw others to the worship of our glorious God who before perhaps little regarded him And that Governours that are to aim at the general good of the Society should injoyn every believing Subject to a duty so extensively beneficial is so clear that it needs no further demonstration In Fine Our Governours as Christs Deputies who are to Rule by Christs new Law the Gospel have done well to injoyn to their Believing Subjects an open profession of Faith in their respective Congregations And that this Profession ought to be signified by an open Vniformity is our next undertaking CHAP. V. In such Congregations Unity of Faith ought to be signified by an open Uniformity Section I. In a Catholick Church there must be Vnity II. In particular Congregations there ought to be Vnity of Faith III. That Vnity of Faith ought to be signified by an open Vniformity SECT I. In a Catholick Church there must be Vnity THE Nature of the Church of God is best represented and deciphered unto us under the resemblance of a Body As many Members make one Body so many Believers make one Church By several Nerves and Sinews the several Members are compacted into one Body By several Laws of the Gospel as so many Ligaments the several Believers are fitly joyned together into one Church and as many Members compacted by the same Nerves are enlivened and guided by one Soul so many Believers joyned together by the same Laws are quickned and govern'd by one Spirit For the Body is not one member but many For by one Spirit we are all baptized 〈◊〉 one Body whether we be Jews or Gentiles bond or free and have been all made to drink into one Spirit Thus we believe one Holy Ghost and one Catholick Church In Scripture and Fathers many other Figures and Representations we meet of the Church of Christ which all speak the necessity of Vnity of several parts for its Constitution Sometimes we find it compared to Noahs Ark as Extra Arcam so Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus In those great inundations of
but with all thy strength this must relate to Man For the strength of a visible Christian is demonstrable to Man by outward actions when strength exerts it self by doing what is Commanded Omission therefore of a visible exercise of Piety must be concluded in reason a sin of the greatest size since it is a transgression of the greatest Commandment Again Transgressions of a general comprehensive Law of Piety are greater than the transgression of a single particular Law that command a single Duty But omission of Vniformity prescribed is a transgression of a general comprehensive Law of Piety Faith comprehends all the duties of Christian Obedience and what doth it profit a man in a Visible Church to say he hath Faith if he hath no Works and do not make his faith appear by Confession If we know we must acknowledge if we believe we must speak He that offends in this one point is guilty of all Jam. 2.14 And if offending against a particular prohibitive Law of Charity renders a man guilty of transgressing every part of that Law how much more if a man offends a comprehensive Law of Piety In the Judgment of Man such a Person must be lookt upon to have denied the Faith c. So if any man would ask what is the Name of this sin it must be answered Legion for they are many When most of the Commandements of the first Table are openly transgrest by this wilful Omission And if deliberately considered it must be acknowledged That these sins of wilful Omission or Recusancy of Obedience to preceptive Laws of Piety are greater sins than sins of Commission against the prohibitive Laws of the second Table that concern Charity in respect of several Circumstances that such Transgressors are involved in which must needs aggravate these sins exceedingly For these sins of Omission are open and manifest but those sins of Commission are many times secret and hid Therefore many times sins of Commission fall under the Judgment of God only but sins of wilful Omission fall certainly under the judgment and condemnation of Men and therefore it is undeniably just and reasonable that Religious Magistrates make severe animadversions upon those sins especially And he that judgeth and condemneth his Neighbour for Hypocrisie though he judgeth truly yet he judgeth rashly and uncharitably because such sins are indiscernible to man but when Profaness and Impiety are manifest by a wilful Recusancy such sins go before men to Judgment and Officers may accuse and condemn such notorious Crimes justly and warrantably And sins that are done impudently and shamelesly are worse sins than those that are done modestly and closely Now beastly sins of Commission are committed secretly 1 Thess 5.7 they seek the night to conceal them and darkness to cover them But if men will be openly guilty of their Abominations and not be at all ashamed if they will declare and publish their sins like Sodom and make their Faces harder than a Rock and refuse to return a Visitation is lawful and justifiable upon such open sin and the Magistrate is not just that will not take vengeance upon such wilful Transgressours A second aggravation of sin may be when a sin is Electively and voluntarily committed For this must be confessed that Vertue or Vice are more or less Meritorious as they are more or less Voluntary A sin must be greater that is upon deliberate Choice committed than that which is done upon surprizal through the prevalence of a Temptation suddenly and inconsiderately Now sins of Commission have many of these Excuses Either men are basely or degenerously indulging the Bestial part and so are transported with the present impression of some sweet delight that pleaseth the sense which admits of no deliberation Or else through Pride Envy Malice or Revenge which would be satisfied men have hurried headlong into irregular Attempts Or else through a fawning flattering Compliance with the prevalent Humors of the Times men have been misled with the Customary practice of a multitude and have prest like Beasts Non quo eundum sed quaitur Following bad Example to do evil and without natural affection not guided by Reason have fallen into the worst of sins of the worst of Times But now what Temptation or excuse can any man alledge or pretend for wilful Omission or Recusancy Other sinners have had either pleasure or profit to quicken the Temptation and make it more active and more prevalent but what fruit what benefit can the Recusant alleadge for not doing what is injoyn'd He absolutely chooseth the evil and refuseth the good voluntarily without Temptation sure this sin is to be accounted without excuse Another aggravation of a Sin is when it is done resolutely and obstinately Now what is done resolutely and constantly if bad is worse than what is done uncertainly and contingently Now sins of Commission many of them have their abatement and weakning by Age and Time but sins of Omission gather strength by continuance and make man more indisposed to forsake them For sins of Commission men are ashamed weary of them and forsake them in time but for sins of Omission we rest securely and delight in them In this case there 's no probability men should take care to be well who never are sensible they are sick They make choice of their Delusion and willingly would be given up to the Continuance of their Abominations We see their obstinacy and resolved impenitency And this must be accounted another aggravation Another aggravation of a Sin may be if it be against a Promise and Covenant solemnly made to the contrary Every man is bound stare pactis promissis so it cannot reasonably be denied but a wilful Omission of duties of Piety in a Baptized Subject who hath declared and signified firmly his profession of holy Obedience to the Faith is far worse than a wilful Omission of a Jew or Infidel that never promised observance to Gospel Rules and never made Profession Heb. 10. The wilful sin was not an invisible but a visible Recidivation For this must in reason be accounted a visible and interpretative Apostacy drawing back and falling off from his Profession declared by his wilful omission which by Promise and Vow he had engaged himself to perform And what sense the Divine Author in his Epistle to the Hebrews had of this sin is easie to be gathered from this tenth Chapter The Holy Author directs his Epistle to a Society of Believers by Baptisme externally united and sanctified to be visible Members of a Christian Society that had not power to discern spirits or intention but judge they might of Externals words or actions He wrote therefore to them v. 23 24 25. to take care of their Carriage and Conversation that was sensibly to be discerned in their Religious Assemblies That they did not decline or forsake Assembling nor in those Assemblies profession of Faith nor mutual Exhortation nor provocation to good Works For the Blood of the Covenant by
to take care for what is best and the care of Religion is the best Care men can have in this World Hear O ye Kings understand and learn ye that are Judges of the Earth Men must give unto Caesar the things that are Caesars and Caesar himself must give unto God the things that are Gods The Jewish Kings had the Book of the Law delivered to them and our Kings the Book of the Gospel at their Inauguration If we consider the effects of Religion the sweet fruits of it in our own private condition or more publick relation that Blessedness which at all times and every where does accompany her we cannot wonder that it should be our own and the Rulers care to promote and advance Religion There is a delight and great content that arises from all holy employments and a blessedness inseparable from all holy affections Light is sown for the righteous and joy for them that are true of heart Poverty of spirit entitles to the Kingdom of Heaven mourning to comfort hungring and thirsting after righteousness attended with satisfaction and fulness the pure in heart are nearer to the fight of God Piety brings the best contentment and the surest gain Her waies are waies of pleasantness and all her paths are peace It is this without which we cannot be fit for any Society He cannot truly love his Neighbour that does not honour and love God he cannot be faithful and honest he cannot be sweet and kind and easie to others And now be your own Judges you the prophane and irreligious men of these Times whose wit the thing you so much pretend to shews it self in nothing but in scoffing at Religion and in making it a trick of State to preserve Peace and Order Is it not just and reasonable that you should suffer the results of your own Judgment be banished out of all Society be excluded from the protection of a well-ordered Government seeing you would laugh that out of the World which your selves confess unawares to be so conducive to the preservation of it SECT II. Governours are to endeavour amongst their Subjects to promote the outward exercise of Religion THE outward exercise of Religion is natural to us while we are conversant on Earth For as it is natural to worship and serve God who discerns the thoughts intentions and affections with our Spirits so it is Natural to give some external and sensible demonstrations of that inward Devotion that while we Converse with men we may give them satisfaction and evidence of our being Religious And among men the Ruler ought before all to be satisfied that he may with chearfulness and pleasure administer his office and give up his account with joy as having not watched for the good of his People in vain Now the thoughts of the Subject are not under the Rulers cognizance He can judge only by the outward acts God alone knows effects by causes We no otherwise know Causes than by Effects Fire by heat the Sun by light and Life by motion Religion by exercise and Affection by outward significations And we are to make these sensible Demonstrations not only for the satisfaction of others but also for the glory of God whom as we are to glorifie with all the faculties of our Souls to know and consider his Excellencies with our understandings to submit to and obey him in our Wills so we are to worship him with our Bodies our hands to be lifted up to him our Eyes to wait on him our Ears to hear him and our Tongues to praise him The necessity of this outward exercise of Religion appears farther from our being made not to be alone but for Society And no Society can be maintained without an outward Communication The acknowledgment of this we may by a very easie consequence force from those Men that profess to be so much against it who assemble together and in their Assemblies use long Prayers and prolixe Preachings without which exercises and visible attendances they think they cannot evidence themselves Religious with satisfaction either to themselves or others Were we indeed in the state of Angels and able to communicate our thoughts by invisible species and by our bare volitions then and not till then we might upon the pretence of a true heart and a good disposition of mind content our selves and our Neighbours In the mean time it is natural in all things to give some sensible indication of our thoughts and to signifie to others how we are affected within Bodies and Souls whilst united together must needs have an influence upon one another A distracted mind has a lowring brow and a merry heart has a chearful countenance By this outward exercise of Religion we raise an esteem and love of Religion in our selves and in others 1. In our selves For we grow into a love of and delight in that thing we daily converse with it becomes easie and familiar to us Acts become Habits and are rooted fast by a frequent repetition Strength is encreased by use and love of Religion by exercise 2. In others For man is prone to Imitation and hastily follows Example We do many things for no other reason but because others do them And here we must needs be amazed at the unreasonable speeches of Quakers and others who because God is a Spirit and the Gospel requires a worship in spirit will have God to disregard externals and not to think himself glorified by outward Services Wild principles mad delusions fitted to destroy all Government and to make all Christian Conversation unnecessary For if God accept not external actions when agreeable to the Law and be not displeased with them when disagreeable if God himself be so unconcerned we have little reason to take any care in our Actions But we are to remember that the Laws of the Gospel are of two sorts some relating to the intentions and affections and actions spiritual and internal these Laws tend to the private peace of a man and his happiness within himself Other Laws respecting the outward words and actions and designing to make a man happy in Society and Conversation and to fit him to do things to the edification and comfort of others and to the honour of Christianity SECT III. Governours are to take care that the exercise of Religion among their Subjects be Publick and Vniversal 1. PVblick Only of things done in Publick can the Governour take cognizance of and certainly no wise Magistrate did ever make a Law concerning those things which he could have no knowledge of afterwards whether they were done or no. The Worship of God excepting times of Persecution and such necessities was ever publick since there was any at all Hence all people had their Altars or Groves their Mountains or Vallies their Orbs Tabernacles or Temples where they all met at set times and their fixed Sacrifices Prayers and Religious performances wherein they all joyned at their meetings And therefore as this exercise of Religion must
〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 must have a double look the first look it must cast on the Rule the second it must cast on the Actions be they either necessary or positive or else it cannot be counted Conscience and from thy agreeing or disagreeing with the Rule so thy Conscience accuseth or excuseth accordingly And now I appeal to any sober mans Consideration since there cannot be contrary Rules justifiable whether there can be contrary Consciences Certainly then we may safely conclude in all Constituted Churches since for Belivers actions there is but one Truth but one true Rule there must be for all such Believers but one right Faith there can be but one sound Conscience SECT III. In such Constituted Societies Vnity of Faith must be signified by an open Vniformity GOD who created man for his glory designed him for Society that what comfort he could not get by separation he might compass by Communion And Communion in the state we are in cannot be maintained but by Externals by Bodily offices As the Communion of the Invisible Church must be maintained by Vnity of Faith so the Communion of the Visible Church or any part that is associated or united in obedience to the Faith must be maintained by agreement in the exercise of Religion and Vnity of Profession And this Unity of Profession is properly called Vniformity which is nothing else but a sensible form of an united Society agreeing in one Profession both in words and actions So if any one should ask What is the sign or mark by which we may know a visible Church by or any associated Company to be a part of it I must properly Answer by Vniformity And Vniformity as the word clearly speaks is an Vnity of the outward form of things or an agreement of visible practice and joynt concurrence in the Exercise of Religion both in wards and actions which ought to be in every Congregation of Believers Preaching of the Gospel and receiving the Sacrament of the People as well as of the Minister being indispensable signs of every one that would be accounted of the Church of Christ And first we will undertake to prove that Vnity of Faith must be signified by Vniformity of words and this is not only lawful but necessary and useful 1. Lawful as declared by the practice of all Nations that had a sense of Religion For if Heathen yet reasonably they agreed in the same Festivals and Solemnities in the same Sacrifices and Gestures in the same forms of Thanksgivings and Devotion which because written of by many and confessed by all it will be needless to cite Authors or any further to insist upon the proof of it no question but they Universally agreed in constituting and maintaining Vniformity amidst their Assemblies in all Religious observances If they were a People to whom God had more clearly manifested himself and the true Religion wherewith he would be well pleased these marks they gave of their associating and uniting into a Church by their Vniversal joynt concurrence in Religious Exercises in all Ages in their solemn Congregations And it is facile to prove that among the Jews they judged the fittest Medium to preserve Vnity was Ecclesiastical Vniformity from their coming out of Egypt till their dissolution in Canaan And in some measure the Jews maintain this to this day in their several Congregations They had their set Forms for Aaroniçal Benediction for hymns and praises and prayers of the People who agreed in one express assent to the Covenant and the Law delivered by Moses in the same Sabbaoths and Festivals in the same Sacraments and Ties of Obedience They agreed in the same Prayers composed by Jewish Teachers for their Disciples St. John the Baptist taught his Disciples to pray And Christ's Disciples in the last dispensation would be taught of him to pray as John before had taught his Disciples And our blessed Saviour not only taught his Disciples a Form but a Prayer which they were to say When you pray say Luke 11.2 Our Father c. To follow him can be no mistake Certainly deliberate Composures of Set Forms from Christs Example receive not only Toleration but sufficient Approbation And that the Apostles and their Successors in Primitive times used this Prayer in all their holy Administrations especially at the Sacraments we have more than probable Authority And that the Church had set Forms after the first Century is beyond all dispute And that Reformed Churches have their set Forms now generally is openly manifest except some Phanatical Schismaticks that out of a Spirit of Contradiction and precise singularity by the neglect of these things wilfully Unchurch themselves and would blot out all appearance of a Visible Church upon the Earth Mr. Calvin from the conviction of this Truth Epist 87. approves it That set Forms of Ecclesiastical Rights might be determined that it might not be lawful for Ministers in their Administrations or the People in their Attendances to vary from them And this he was forced to acknowledge from Example Practice and Reason God who cannot erre prescribes set Forms to the Jews and Christ to his Disciples And it would be a misapprehension yea a sin to think that They would injoyn or command what might be an hinderance to Godliness or a disadvantage to the Exercise thereof And the concurrent Judgment and practice of all Churches must convince any sober person of the lawfulness and expediency of set Forms both in Prayers and Worship which will be furthered by his own Reason if he please to consider Scripture directions 2. I shall prove set Forms lawful and expedient from Scripture St. Paul 1 Cor. 1.11 pathetically beseecheth the Church at Corinth by the name of the Lord Jesus Christ that they would all speak the very same thing Verba sunt symbola mentis è consensu verborum colligimus consensum animorum Words are but expressions of our Intentions and from agreement in Words we conclude of agreement of Mind And sure enough it was not required there by the Apostle that the Speeches of the Corinthians in their Religious Assemblies should be of the same sense and meaning only but of the same expression not only contradiction of words is prohibited but diversity if they would grant his suit whle he beseecheth them to speak the same thing And well might this be injoyned in Religious Exercises for Vbi novae phrases ibi nova dogmata A quibus Vna fides ab iis requiritur Vna Confessio Where new phrases are used there will be new opinions And in whom there is expected but One Faith from them there is required but One Confession saith Mr. Calvin And when idolizing of the Gifts and Parts of the Ministers caused Contentions among the Corinthians the Apostle might adjudge it necessary that ostentation of Eloquence and excellency of Speech should be forborn among them even in exercises of Devotion and therefore earnestly beseecheth them to speak the same thing So by St. Pauls
direction Timothy was to hold fast the form of sound words at his Church at Ephesus that as there is but one Faith so in Believing Congregations there might be but one Confession And this not only evinced from Scripture and Reason as expedient but from the Apostles practice who having received the promise of the Father and power from on high at Jerusalem they agreed on one summary Rule for their own Teaching and the Peoples believing a compendious sum of Evangelical Doctrines exquisitely composed which is delivered to us by Tradition from Antiquity and generally received under the Name of the Apostles Creed In which Confession the intelligent Believer not only makes an acknowledgment of his assent to Promises of Mercy to be rely'd upon but to the reasonableness of Duties of Obedience that are injoyned by the Gospel to be practiced and makes open profession of Communion of Saints which must be maintained by the practice of Holiness and comprehend all the duties of Christianity that are required And this compendious Confession of Faith by repeating this set Form prescribed by the Apostles hath been used by the People as well as the Minister by which they openly declared their unfeigned Assent to what they did believe and their stedfast Resolution of what they would do in every Congregation that would be reputed of the Church of Christ And if it be lawful and expedient to have set Forms for Confession of Faith it cannot be unlawful and unfitting to have set Forms for the exercise of Devotion It cannot be a reproach but a duty to have our Spirits thus stinted when the Spirit of Grace limits himself in the Rules of Holiness and hath the denomination of Holy from this limitation And if new sorts of Words and variety of Expressions must be used in praying as some wildly fancy I wonder St. Paul in all his Epistles in the beginning should use the same Salutation and in the end should use the same Valediction and that Christ in his Agony who wanted neither expression or fervency should pray thrice together the same words At Antioch that the Christians there in their Congregation had their Liturgy At Corinth that the People were all Prophesying At Jerusalem that in their Religious Assemblies they were to hold fast the profession of their Faith without wavering is so evident as doubtless it can need no further illustration And if set Form of Words were unlawful in Gods service certainly the multitude of Angels would never have been represented unto us as agreeing in one Anthem on Earth nor they above in the same doxology in Heaven And if the Examples of Saints and Angels may lead us rightly if Nature God and Christ and his Apostles may direct us safely we must conclude That Vniformity of Words is not only lawful but expedient in the exercise of Godliness 3. I shall prove Vniformity of Words necessary and expedient by Reason 1. And Reason it self will tell us if we have not abjured it that Vniformity in Words is necessary and conducing to the practice of Godliness for take this away and see what giddiness and distractedness must necessarily ensue in every Assembly Without agreement in these things to terminate and bound both our Thoughts and Words how improbable is it that most men should be secured from inconsiderate wandrings and unwarrantable expressions But being confined to words of Faith and Devotion we call home our Thoughts to consider what these import and signifie that are injoyned and prescribed us and reverently we worship God and pray to him and confess to his Name And our wilful Opposers give Testimony to this Truth by their practice that set Ferms must be prescribed to the People When the best gifted Brother is appointed and agreed on to put up Prayers which are set Forms to the whole Congregation and it is not to be denied but every Member that is truly Religious secretly doth concur with such Prayers and limit their Thoughts to what is signified by such Expressions Weak Creatures never considering that they split upon that Rock which they pretend studiously to avoid while they voluntarily enslave themselves and stint their spirits and thoughts to conform to the sudden wild effusions and oft unwarrantable expressions of their idolized Teacher and dare not spoil their Liberty to submit unto and concur with the deliberate Forms and Prescriptions of their sober Governours and Rulers which will undoubtedly guide and lead them to the right exercise of true Religion that tends to peace Poor inconsiderate People they know not what to do for it is not a set Form they hate which they may see they cannot avoid but a spirit of Contradiction they love while they oppose the warrantable directions of their Religious Leaders and willingly suffer themselves to be captivated by wild ungovern'd Enthusiasts and run headlong into an inexcusable sin of a wilful Disobedience But if any can think set Forms to be unlawful and will be tied to none but avoid them then must every pretended Saint bring a distinct Prayer and Psalm to be poured out by himself in their several Congregations And it must necessarily follow when every one is singing a several Psalm in their Congregation it must happen what St. Paul saith was at Corinth when they all spake with several Tongues a Stranger coming in must in reason conclude that there was madness in the midst of them Thus in Reason we must determine to terminate and bound the Thoughts and Considerations of them that would be truly Religious there ought to be set Forms of Words agreed upon and prescribed in Believing Congregations 2. That is best to be used that will most heighten our Devotion and Intention in our Religious addresses to God for how shall I hope that God should intend me if I do not intend my own Petitions And I am verily perswaded Prayer without Devotion is like a Body without a Soul it is dead and ineffectual Now this I do deliberately affirm and maintain That premeditated and set Forms of Prayer must heighten any mans Devotion and Intention I desire such as obstinately oppose premeditated and composed Forms to consider that in this they contend only for freedom of Words And have Words any power or influence over God Can we imagine that God is taken with variety or shift of Phrases Words or loeutions are for mans necessity not Gods information They are of no necessity to make our hearts known to him who understand what we need before we ask him and our Thoughts afar off And it is the affections of our Hearts not the expression of our Mouths that make us prevail with our God What therefore may best conduce to settle our Consideration to fix our Desires and Intentions on God and good things is most lawful and most expedient to be used And this I dare say upon Reason and from Experience is best done by well-weighed Forms of set Prayers foreknown and assented unto both by Priest and People For
Churches doth St. Paul injoyn that they should adorn their Profession that their Conversation should be becoming the Gospel that they should behave themselves orderly as in the House of God And now certainly it may be concluded both from Scripture and Reason from the practice of Saints in the Church Militant or Triumphant That as internal Vnity of spirit is to be indeavoured after to present us blameless to God so should external Vniformity in words and actions be endeavoured to be preserved in all believing Congregations And now I have plainly and perspicuously discoursed of every Section contained in this Chapter and I think convincingly to any sober Reason I may justly complain that there be too few will believe our Report Infaelix infirmitas ad se vocat medicus ut litibus occupatur aegrotus Peace and Vnity is praised of many● but very few endeavour to preserve it And Wo is me that I am constrained to dwell in Mesech and have my habitation among the Tents of Kedar My soul hath long dwelt with them that are enemies to Peace And now I speak for peace I look that some are ready to prepare themselves for battle I look that that which is the lot of many good Physicians should be mine at this time that although my design God knows is not to torture my sick Country-men but to heal them that some like frantick Patients should run from me and that others now but touched should cry out of me Many either insensible of their sickness or else in love with their distemper are not only careless but backward to be cured I see and bewail it that many men are miserably wounded with and yet I justly lament it that I find a great unwillingness in most of them to be Healed For Vnity of Faith How many men either out of weakness or partiality or prejudice or interest or acquaintance have espoused rashly a wilful Opinion and set it up and idolize it And this fancy Opinion perhaps Perswasion they shall cry up and publish it abroad for Conscience Judgment Faith For which God knows if examined they have not the least shadow of a Rule or appearance of Reason So I may complain with St. Hilary ad Constant Aug. Facta est fides fides temporum potius quam Evangeliorum periculosum miserabile tot nunc fides existere quot voluntates Excidêrunt ab eâ fide quae sola est dum multae fiunt ad id coeperunt esse ne ulla sit I lament that too apparently to be seen in our daies what the Holy Father complains was to be found in his viz. That the Faith among us is the Faith of the Times rather than the Faith of the Gospel It is very dangerous and miserable that there should be among us as many Faiths as Wills and as many Consciences as obstinate Resolutions They have departed from that Faith which is One and while they pretend to have many Faiths they cease to keep any And if it be rightly considered what Faith or Conscience is there is scarce any true knowledge or practice of either to be found in too great a part of our Generation I hear the words frequently among us but I must publish it that I do not understand them May I not have liberty of Conscience May I not differ in Judgment from other men and yet agree in Affection May we not go several waies and yet meet together at the end of our Journey Were ever any such things reasonably vented in a Constituted Church Have not the men lost both Reason and Religion that dare confidently publish these things Can there be such a thing as Liberty of Conscience Are they not absolutely inconsistent Consider and it must be acknowledged If thou hast Conscience of any thing thou hast no Liberty if thou hast Liberty there can be no Conscience May not men differ in Judgment and yet agree in Affection What ad idem in respect to the same thing certainly No it is impossible If I judge a thing lawful and thou judgest the same thing unlawful our Affections must differ as much as love and hate and certainly these are contrary Affections Can we not go several waies and yet meet at the end of our Journey certainly No. The end of our Journey we both tend to is agreed on to be Heaven Happiness Now if Vertue be the right way to Happiness and that lies in a strait line as Morality teaches us sure there can be no declining this Line but there must be obliquity If the Way to Heaven be narrow and streight on as Divinity teaches us thou canst not go besides this Way but thou wilt at last fall headlong into the Ditch We must both of us keep the same way or else one of us must be in the broad way that leads to destruction And for Vnity of Affection where can we find that in a Family much less in a Parish or Congregation If ever the Complaint was true it is now in our daies that Fratrum concordia rara est We are all pretending to travel with the same design from Egypt to our Father in Canaan and we are Brethren but how few of us look to the Charge given us How few are they that take heed that they do not fall out in the way There be two Graces that Christ commends to us as the way to the kingdom of Heaven Humility and Charity but instead of these we see the contrary Pride and Contention All pretended Members of Christs body yet no sympathy no bearing one anothers burthen We are ready to laugh at each others infirmity and to rejoyce at each others misery Our iniquity aboundeth and love waxeth cold Our distinguishing Garment is rent clean in pieces which should be our Charity and that is the bond of perfectness This mans hope is that mans fear One mans joy is another mans sorrow And as we can hardly find Vnity in Judgment or Affections so rare it is to see Vniformity in Words or Actions For words instead of agreement what difference what opposition And for those that separate from the Communion of the visible Church of England where can we find that Congregation that agrees to speak the same thing We dwell among People of a strange Language The Trumpets have given from most Pulpits an uncertain sound and how can the Souldiers agree to prepare themselves to the Battle We may observe many of our Priests have been lingring to offer strange Fires such wild expressions and inconsiderate excursions as instead of helping have diverted our Devotions and distracted our Affections And for Actions instead of decency and order what distraction yea what confusion in all our separated Congregations By appearance one would judge them of Babel rather than of Jerusalem Such distractions as if every one had a peculiar God by himself or rather such universal profaneness or irreverence as if no God were thought of as present throughout their whole Congregations Our Neighbours
and Acquaintance stand aloof off from that Vniform worship of God that is prescribed and injoyned and no wonder if Strangers think and report that some dreadful Disease cleaves fast unto us I heartily lament many Crying sins that are generally spreading over the body of this poor Nation and yet upon sober Consideration I cannot judge any sin so manifestly destructive to the health and beauty of the believing Society and Church of England as is this of Schisme and Separation There is no one sin that tyrannizeth more over us but we may say to Schism as the Pirate did once say to Alexander Thou blamest and condemnest me for preying on single Persons and accountest thy self without fault while thou destroyest a whole Nation These things have I written and spoken to my dissenting Country-men not in wrath and bitterness to shame and torment them but with grief and compassion to warn and amend them that we may all agree to banish those Schisms and Divisions in the Service of God which are this day our shame and that we may endeavour to bring back that Vnity in Gods worship which was once the glory and joy of this poor Church and Nation My endeavour as well as my Prayers shall alwaies be that we agree to hold the Vnity of the spirit in the bond of Peace For Zions sake I cannot hold my peace nor for Hierusalems sake be quiet till I have manifested my study and endeavour to bring all the baptized Subjects of this Church and Kingdom to signifie the Vnity of their Faith by an open Vniformity CHAP. VI. The Canons and Forms established and prescribed by our Governours to direct and promote the General Uniformity of English Professours are most agreeable to the Rules of the Gospel and are the best and most convenient that are visibly extant to us in the World Section I. There must be Forms or Canons prescribed by Rulers to carry on Vniformity II. The Canons and Forms already established to this end in England are agreeable to the Rules of the Gospel Section III. These Canons and Forms are visibly the best extant to us upon sober Consideration SECT I. There must be Forms or Canons prescribed by Rules to carry on Vniformity GOD who by his wise Providence governs all the works of his hands rules them all by a Law And Governours subordinate as appointed and sent by him are to govern Rational men joyned in Society under them by a Law also As God in the World so Christ in his Church complying with the Necessities and Infirmities of his Subjects hath given Rules to direct them in Faith Devotion and Conversation by that New Law which is the Gospel by which superintendent Frame of Government his subordinate Governours are to govern his Church to the end of the World And so according to that New Law Christs Deputies are to establish Laws of Piety and Laws of Honesty We are now in this part of our Treatise to speak of those Laws that respect Piety and according to the two parts whereof Man consists some Injunctions of Piety must concern our Souls and some our Bodies The Injunctions of Governours that direct to purity of hearts and spirits may be called Counsels Monitions They cannot properly be called the Laws of Governours but Laws of Christ for they cannot oblige the Souls of the Subjects either by rewards or punishments having no cognizance when they obey or when they rebel when they heartily like or dislike such Injunctions Christ can only reward these according to their hidden works But Rules of sensible things for ordering mens words or actions those are properly called the Laws of Governours for of these they can make discovery The observance or omission of these things are discernable by Rulers and according to the Merits of their Subjects so they can recompence them And let no sober Person think that Laws about external demeanour or decent behaviour of our Bodies in our Religious attendances are such trifles toyes needless Circumstances childish insignificant Ceremonies as many irrationally and inconsiderately defame them when they are natural and necessary for our Communion in our present condition when true Grace operates the light within us directs and the Holy Spirit delights in these things being willing to admit of our Bodies to be his Temple when these Vessels are to be possessed in sanctification and honour And God hath called us not to uncleanness but holiness of these things When Christ by his Gospel hath ordered the hearing and preaching of his Word the administration and receiving the Sacraments the regarding our Conversations and Words by which we are either justified or condemned And these things are sensible and external And certainly an imputation of Rashness and Vncharitableness cannot be deserved by us if from such open and wilful opposition and slighting of Externals as unnecessary and inexpedient we should judge these men as wilfully bent to overthrow Humane Government when they would destroy that in a moment about which alone Government can be busied and employed It must then be granted That the publick exercise of Vniversal Piety ought to be the Governours first care and that their first Laws ought to be about injoyning Vniformity to their Subjects Now by Vniformity as it hath been set forth in the preceding Chapter is meant an Vnity or joynt assent and concurrence of Professors both in Words and Actions Confessions and Gestures fitly expressing and signifying a Religious respect and reverence to that Supream Majesty we meet to adore A service so useful and necessary that all Governours by their Laws have injoyned it and all Nations by their practice have attested it in all Religious Meetings through all Generations 1. Because GOD who is not a God of Confusion but of Order a God not of Division but of Vnity is best pleased and most glorified when no man draws back but when without distraction there is an Universal discovery of every mans evident respect to him When the Tribes go up the Tribes of the Lord unto the Testimony of Israel to give thanks unto the Name of the Lord. 2. Thus Neighbours are most edified Consent and agreement of others with us give a pleasure and content to us It gives a confirmation to our Judgment and practice when we receive approbation and allowance from the practice of others 3. Thus Infidels are most likely to be wrought upon and converted One mans preaching may make a man consider but certainly it cannot have so great an influence as the Vniformity of a whole believing Congregation We are ready to think those things not hurtful but beneficial which we see universally practised and we are easily drawn to the practice of those things which we see generally allowed and used by others So that if a man be converted or unconverted joynt Concurrence in Common Service and the Vniform Worship of God is more to be valued than any one mans Preaching being of a greater influence and of a stronger operation Since
therefore we speak of a visible Church be it Catholick National or Parochial it is Coetus evocatorum a Company of Men called not invisibly internally but externally sensibly and such as have manifested their complyance with that Call Not a Company but a Society of Believers joyned together by a mutual profession of Faith For as Vnity of a sincere Faith is necessary for the Constitution of the Church invisible so is Vnity of profession of Faith necessary for the Constitution and being of a visible Church And to avoid rash unanswerable expressions and unbecoming behaviour it is both reasonable and necessary that words and actions should be reasonably agreed upon and determined The thoughts of our Souls like the eyes of our Bodies without an Object to terminate them will wander to the ends of the Earth therefore the prime work of Piety and Religion in the Rational Soul is to set God before the eyes of its Understanding That upon serious consideration seeing and concluding him the Best and the Greatest man may rationally both think and speak most honourably of him and behave himself most reverently towards him For Vniformity then in Religious exercises of necessity there must be the same Object GOD who is infinite must be proposed That our considerations and respects may be terminated upon him And of necessity there must be Rules and Forms agreed upon and fixed to direct and limit all associated Professors that their considerations and respects may be united either in knowing God or worshipping him Circumstances cannot be left indefinite and undetermined for mans Thoughts are as diverse naturally as their Faces and Tempers Their Words and Actions usually wild and extravagant and not only different but contrary also unless all these be bounded and terminated what Vnity can there be An arbitrary Will-worship will follow according to every mans fancy and in every meeting instead of a well-ordered Unity there must necessarily happen distraction and confusion And these things are obvious to every man that rationally considers them for never any Nation that had Religion true or false but alwaies agreed on a Common Ministration And in all their Sacrifices either propitiatory or gratulatory they have united together by certain Rules in a common Service and a joynt concurrence in it to that Deity which they adored And certainly all those Reasons formerly alleadged to urge an open profession of Faith return with new vigour strictly to oblige every Visible Church to acknowledge the necessity of fixing and observing Rules of Vniformity in every respective Congregation That the infinite Majesty of GOD may be generally and worthily glorified That our Neighbours and our selves may be most probably edified and comforted That those that are Vnbelievers may have their Conversion best furthered there must be Canons and Forms prescribed by Rulers to carry on a general Uniformity To conclude this Section then Governours must Rule by a Law their Laws can reach only to Externals in the exercise of Godliness In which Exercise of Godliness the first aim of Governours by their Laws is to promote Vniformity in Religious Assemblies To settle and continue an Vniformity there must be Rules to limit and direct SECT II. That the Canons and Forms in our Liturgy prescribed to the ends above-mentioned are most agreeable to the Rules of the Gospel is the next considerable LITURGY in its etymologie if rightly understood gives its full import and signification It is a Form or Rule of Administration in some publick Office Sometimes it is put in Scripture for Ministration in offices of Humanity and Liberality But our discourse and common Acceptation leads us to take it for that kind of Ministration that relates to Holy things about the Service and worship of God So here we understand it to be the Canons and Forms prescribed in a Visible Church of external profession of Faith by an evident demonstration of Obedience For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quod fit per populum sit publicum a publick Religious Ministration in a Congregation of Believers So the People must be understood concerned in the Ministration as well as the Priest And those of the People that would be accounted of the Visible Church are to submit and conform to such Canons and Forms as are prescribed in the Ministration And when a Church is not an Assembly only but a Society of the Faithful not internally Faithful only for that is not discernible by us but externally by publick Profession either by words or actions What our Judgments must be of them that in Assemblies neglect and despise Profession according to Rules prescribed is easily to be concluded For whatever good opinion others blindly may have of such or they may have of themselves yet not giving in their Assemblies any evident signs of external Profession they are in reason not to be judged of the Visible Church of Christ And this shews how unjustifiable the Meetings of our Separatists are when there is no publick exercise of Religion no vocal confession of Faith no express desires of Obedience in any of their Congregations To give evidence of any Assembly that it is a part of the Visible Church there must be a sensible Profession an apparent submission to the Canons and Forms of a Liturgy And conformity of the People to those Rules gives satisfaction who are to be reputed but wilful omission and neglect declares who are not to be reputed of the Church of Christ And blessed be God we have as it is necessary and expedient from our wise Governours considering our infirmities and extravagancies Canons and Forms prescribed in our Liturgy for Religious Ministration which are most agreeable to the Rules of the Gospel The Rules of the Gosple given by Christ and his Apostles are of so different natures such different sorts The Canons and Forms ordering our Common-Service in the publick exercise of Religion are so numerous and various as it were the work of an Age to discourse distinctly and pertinently of every particular that may be comprehended in this Section But first let us consider what we understand by the Rules of the Gospel to which our Canons and Prayers are to conform Now our Blessed Saviour at the first planting of the Gospel upon the Apostles and Seventy before his Passion and upon some Chosen Vessels for his Honour after his Ascension having all power given him did in those daies plentifully pour out his Spirit upon them and gifts graces and ability he gave to them in an extraordinary manner and measure for the work of the Ministery and edifying his Body by the prevalence of his Word and Gospel which he sent them abroad to preach confirming the Word by signs following That the whole power of the World was not able to resist the wisdom and Spirit by which they spake divers Gifts he distributed of miraculous operation For different Administrations as Gifts of Healing working of Miracles Prophesying discerning of Spirits diverse kinds of Tongues Interpretation
Publick Worship with all the precise method of that Order and Decency that ought to be used in it in which they will pretend to better and transcend the excellency of our Liturgy which is prescribed and used among us Si quid novisti rectius istis Candidus imperti si non his utere mecum And until they can do this their wisdom is to study to be quiet and conform to this till they can find out and propose a better Method of our publick Worshipping of God beyond all exceptions that they will abide by And now I say what Subject of the Church of England can reasonably desert or reject our Liturgy which is visibly the best that is extant to us upon sober Consideration And how can I but stand amazed that the Common Service as prescribed should by so many of our Neighbours not only be neglected but contemned when it can neither be justly blamed nor amended Certainly I am not uncharitable but should be too conniving if I did forbear to declare a want of Religion and Reason in those men that run away to the flocks of our pretended Companions that hold no Uniform Communion that is Visible When no worship of God is evident no practice of the Peoples Devotion no vocal Confession of the Believers Faith no offering any sacrifice of Praise and yet every Christian is bound to Conform in all those things as well as the Minister in every Believing Congregation Why will ye go away from us O ye of little faith we hold fast the words and practice of eternal life Friendly Perswasives to my Country-men COme then my beloved Countrymen since these things are so that an Vniform profession of Faith must be maintained in Believing Societies and fifth by our Liturgy according to Gospel Rules we are ordered and directed to this reasonable Service Let us lay aside all prejudice and partiality all contentious humors Let there be no longer a Spirit of Opposition or wilful Contradiction be found among us Let us follow after the exercise of those things that make for Peace and wherewithal we may best edifie one another Whatever things are honest whatever things are just whatever things are pure let 's think and conclude of the practice of such things Let us endeavour to bend our selves to the quiet of the Church of God and to hold the Vnity of the Spirit in the bond of Peace Let 's evidence the God of hope hath filled us as with all joy so with all peace in Believing There is but One Truth but One Faith among us let there be but One Spirit but One Conscience Let us shew the God of Patience and Consolation hath granted us to be like-minded Let 's not forsake the Assembling of our selves together as the manner of some is but let us hold fast the form of sound words and the profession of our Faith without wavering Let there be no divisions but let us speak the same thing to declare we are perfectly joyned together in the same mind and in the same Judgment Let there be no divisions among us about Ministers account of them as Stewards of the Mysteries of God and yet your Faith stands not in the wisdom of Men but in the power of God Have their Persons not so much in admiration as if lords of your Faith by Preaching only esteem them highly for their works sake whereby they lead you to the holding fast the Profession of your Faith and the true exercise of right Godliness which hath the promise c. And as in your speeches you declare your Vnanimity in your holy Assemblies so in your Behaviour let there be Uniformity Let your Conversation be such as becometh the Gospel of Christ and let all things be done decently and in order and reverently as in the House and presence of the living God Worship God in the beauty of Holiness so as if an Vnbeliever come among you he may be convinced and fall down and worship God also because he sees verily of a truth God is in the midst of you It is the fit time for Christ to be born in us when Vnity is among us In a calm night the Dew descends to the Earths refreshment and Grace is like to come down to us when we are in the way of Peace Finally Brethren farewel be perfect be of good comfort be of one mind live in peace as directed and the God of love and peace shall be with you AMEN Proposition II. The wilful Omission or Recusancy of any Believing Subjects Conformity to those Rules is an heinous Sin and a dangerous Disobedience I Heartily beg of the Candid Reader so much charity to believe it as true what I publickly declare and avow That I am a Reformed Christian of the Church of England and that I shall never attempt to perswade my fellow Subjects to any practice that is ungodly or contrary to the Rules of the Gospel And be assured whoever thou art that I sincerely desire every man may come to the knowledge and practice of Truth and be saved and therefore I dare not by a flattering compliance or connivance sooth any man in the errour of his way which will lead him securely to his destruction And I dare not daub over Recusancy as some desire with a paint and varnish of a trifling weakness or infirmity or palliate it over with a false pretence of tender Conscience when it will prove if considered an heinous sin and a dangerous Disobedience Give me leave therefore without offence if thou beest willing to be Informed to bring to thy Remembrance what I have formerly delivered and am ready to defend concerning our Canons and Rules of Uniformity prescribed about the Publick exercise of Religion 1. Our Governours as subordinate under Christ do not Rule their Believing Subjects arbitrarily but by Laws subordinate to the Rules of the Gospel 2. All that the power of Governours can reach unto in a Visible Church is to order and direct Externals in the publick exercise of Religion 3. That the right exercise of true Religion is the open profession of Faith 4. Of that open Profession there must be Uniformity 5. Every Baptized Subject of England is obliged to conform to such Laws prescribed For to command or prohibit as the Gospel directs is warrantable And all our Laws to the Common sort of Believing Subjects are according to those Rules If Natural or expressly Evangelical there can be no dispute if a Christian thou art bound to obey And if the Laws be Positive or Humane and not against Nature or Injust thy Obligation is divine and thy Submission is natural being thou art to submit to every Ordinance of man for the Lorods sake SECT I. Let us determine and agree what we are to understand by those Laws and the Conformity to them that the Believing Subject of England is bound to observe THE Governours aim and care is not only at the keeping and diverting from the People what is grievous
of us Wrath emulations bitterness clamour evil speaking whispering backbiting and detraction lying and slandering c. all these sins and miscarriages are but the numerous and unlucky Off-spring of Recusancy and wilful Separation that I cannot but in anguish of Spirit cry out Cursed be the womb of SCHISME that bare these things and the Paps that hath given them suck For these things sake if not repented of the wrath of God must hasten upon us as wilful Children of Disobedience Neither hath this detestable sin made us thus miserable among our selves but hath rendred us unhappy among other Nations when it hath brought a dis-repute of us and a dis-esteem of our Religion almost in all parts of the World Turks Heathens Pagans Jews not only contemn but blaspheme our Church and Faith because of the divisions and dissensions of our Professors And when the concord of Professors Vniformity preserve the beauty and loveliness of a Church which attracts all mens admiration and affection undoubtedly Divisions and Factions must bring that deformity upon any Nation which must make it loathed and abhorred And how can we in reason expect that others should desire to be United to us who are not United among our selves We can never hope but they that are without will shun us as infectious as long as this deadly disease cleaves close unto us I hear the sad Complaints of my Countrymens fears That Popery is like to be brought in among us And this I confess is my fear also for while we wilfully maintain Divisions and Separations among us unquestionably we contribute to the utmost to that which we fear to fall upon us And the way hath not been made more plain this hundred years for the return of Popery than we have lately made it by our Divisions The Papists and Jesuits very well know they can never set up their own Church till they have pulled down ours which alone stand in competition for precedence and outvies them And to destroy this our Church of England which is the best ordered in the World by our Schisms and Sects we lend our helping hand most effectually Who doth not see that we are running into that Bondage we pretend to abominate while we endeavour to destroy Vniformity as it is prescribed For out of the Visible Church there is no ordinary way of Salvation And there is no keeping up the face of a Visible Church without Vniformity If therefore we wilfully persist by our Schisme to destroy Vniformity in the Church of England when there is none to be found in our separated Congregations what remains but we must willingly run to the Church of Rome if we will be saved All these things perpended it must be concluded That wilful Recusancy of Conformity or Schisme is not only an heinous but an hurtful sin in respect of those within us It renders us disesteemed and contemned by those without us It contributes to the introduction and prevalency of Popery into the Nation And It is a dangerous sin to Men themselves that are guilty of it when it renders them liable to the just condemnation both of Man and God We are most affected with those Evils that most nearly touch our selves Consider then thy own dangerous condition who ever thou art that separatest from the Church of England if thou persistest in thy wilful Disobedience and what must follow by the just Judgment both of Man and God Thou art guilty at the fairest of the dreadful sin of Schisme by thy voluntary departure and wilful separation from the Communion of that Visible Church whereof once a Member A sin by St. Paul branded with the odious name of Carnality 1 Cor. 3.3 Are ye not carnal walk ye not as men And Rom. 16.17 18. the same Apostle directs the Believing Brethren to set this note and remark upon such as caused and maintained Divisions they were such as did not serve the Lord Jesus Christ and were to be avoided Their fair speeches and smooth actions in this case could not acquit but condemn them whilst both of them were used with this end by them to deceive the hearts of the simple and pervert their practice from the Uniform Communion of a Believing Society It is sad but true that such from Believers Censure and Judgment if they will be directed by the Apostle and perswaded must lose the reputation of being Christians and be marked and noted for such as are not servants of Jesus Christ And further if it be questioned Whether continuing wilfully in a manifest sin be inconsistent with the state of Grace or not certainly upon serious Inquiry it must be determined Affirmatively And it must be granted upon the Reasons forementioned That wilful Omission of the necessary Duties of Piety is an open sin and such a sin as withdraw men from the kindly operations of Grace and makes God withhold and turn away his Spirit from a People who waits to be gracious to his Servants usually while in the exercise of Holiness This despising of Holy Duties puts a contempt and offers despite to the Spirit of Grace And certainly the consequence of that sin is sad enough that makes God withhold his Spirit from men such draw back to perdition by their visible Recidivation The effects and consequences of this sin in probability will be dreadful as you have heard among Men and there will be a sad issue of this sin from the Just GOD who not only will withdraw his Grace but will manifest his displeasure by his wrath which will come upon the wilful Children of Disobedience And good it will be for this sinner in time to consider That although he may possibly escape the condemning Judgment of fallible Man yet he cannot warrantably promise himself to escape in another day the condemnation of Christ Sins of Omission that are obstinately for the most part persisted in will fare worse than sins of Commission that oftimes are repented of and will meet with a more severe Sentence from the mouth of Christ And the mind of Christ is clearly discovered unto us in this particular Matt. 25.41 when as accursed they shall hear that fearful Discedite Depart ye into everlasting fire prepared for the Devil and his Angels And the sin he chargeth them with and sentenceth them for was a wilful omission of Acts of Charity For I was an hungry and ye gave me no meat Thirsty and ye gave me no drink Naked and ye cloathed me not c. Now if for wilful Omission of such Acts of Charity sinners shall hear that fearful Ite maledicti how justly may they hear the like dreadful Sentence for omission of Acts of Piety You have not worshipped mein the beauty of Holiness You have not spoken to my Praise to make my Name glorious You have not held fast the open profession of your Faith c. For greater sins there cannot reasonably be expected a lesser Sentence or easier punishment from the most just Judge For sinning thus