set the Body on Fire or melts it as Metal in a Furnace producing an Unnatural Heat in the Arteries and inflames the Vital Spirits therein which produceth incurable Hectick Feavers The Effects of Sickness SIckness will destroy that in one Week that Time will not do in twenty Years for Sickness will make Youth look Old and Decrepid when Health makes Age look Young and Spritly Sickness burns up the Body Time wears out the Body and Riot tears out the Body Of the Senses AS all Objects and Sounds that go through the Eye and Ear must first strike and make such a Motion in the Brain before the Mind is sensible thereof so any thing that toucheth the Body goeth first thorow the Pores of the Skin and Flesh and strikes upon the Nerves which Nerves are little Strings or Pipes full of Brain those spread all over the Body and when those are moved as the Brain is in the Skull then the Body is sensible And that is the reason that when the Flesh is bound or press'd up hard close it is numb and hath no feeling because those Pores where it was bound or press'd are stopped and are no more sensible of touch than the Eye or Ear or Nose when they are stopped are sensible of Outward Objects or Sound or Sent. Thus stoppinig the Pores of the Body is as it were Blind or Deaf Sensless and Tastless and this is the reason that when any one is sick or distempered they cannot eat their Meat because the Pores of the Spungie Tongue are stopped either by Weakness Cold or Drought The Senses of the Body equalized with the Senses of the Soul AS the Body hath five Senses Seeing Hearing Smelling Tasting and Touching so hath the Soul for Knowledge is as the Sense of Touch Memory as the Sense of Sight Reason as the Sense of Hearing Understanding as the Sense of Tast and Imagination as the Sense of Smelling as being the most Acry Sense Of Objects THere are three Imperfections in Sight as the Dimness of Age or Weakness Purblind and Squint Age makes all things look misty as if there were a Veil before their Eyes and Purblind makes all things look level or plain without the distinction of Parts a Squint makes all things look double But to look perfect and clear is that the two Eyes make a Triangular Point upon the Object or else the Eyes are like Burning-Glasses which draw all the Lines of Objects to a Point making themselves the Center Of Touch. ALL Pleasure and Pain is Touch and every several part of the Body hath a several Touch for not onely the various Outward Causes give several Touches but every several part receives a several Touch and as the General Sense throughout the whole Body is Touch so every Particular Sense as all Objects touch the Eyes all Sounds touch the Ears all Sent toucheth the Nose all Meat toucheth the Tongue and all those strike and move and so touch the Brain And though all Touches are Motions yet all are several Motions according to the several Parts for all Pain comes by cross and perturbant Motions all Pleasure by even and regular Motions and every particular Sense may receive Pleasure or Pain without affecting or disaffecting or indeed a notice to the rest of the Senses for the particular Senses take no notice of each other And as I said every several part of an Animal hath a several Touch and a several Tast the Loyn doth not tast like the Breast nor the Breast like the Loyn nor the Shoulder like the Breast nor the Neck like the Shoulder nor the Head like the Neck So in Vegetables the Fruit not like the Leaves nor the Leaves like the Rind Thus the Objects as well as the Senses are different Of Pleasure and Pain THere are onely two General Pleasures and two General Pains all the rest are according to Delectation or Reluctation the two General Pleasures are Quiet in the Mind and Ease in the Body the two General Maladies are Trouble in Mind and Pain in the Body But Slavery can be no Bondage if the Mind can be content withall yet the Mind cannot be pleased if the Body be in Pain it may be Patient but not Content for Content is when the Mind desires not change of the Condition of the Life The Cause of Tears and Laughter ANY Extraordinary Motion in the Spirits causeth Tears for all Motions heat according to their Degrees and Heat doth rarifie and separate the thinnest Substance from the thickest as Chymists know right well and all very thin Bodies are fluent and as I may say agil and all that are fluent and agil seek passage and vent So as a Man in this may be similiz'd to a Still as the Atteries for the Furnace of the Still where the Fire which is Motion is put in the Heart the Pan of the Still where the several Passions as several Herbs are put in the Head the Cover of the Still where the Vapour of herby Passions ascends the Eyes the Spout where it runs or drops forth Laughter is produced as Tears are by Extraordinary Motions by which Extreme Laughter will cause Tears Of Tears SOme say Tears are the Juice of the Mind pressed with Grief But Tears proceed from Joy as well as from Sorrow and they are increased by the Moysture of the Brain in some the Spring is dryed But all Passions are apt to pump out Tears as Extreme Sorrow which contracts and congeals by drawing all inward and the reason why Tears be salt is because the Head is a Limbeck which extracts the thinner part from the thicker which thicker is purged by the Nose and Mouth But Tears which are the Essence of Spirits become a kind of a Vitriol Of Musicians being sometimes Mad. THE reason why Musicians are so often Mad is not alwaies Pride bred by the conceit of their rare Art and Skill but by the Motion of the Musick which is swifter than the ordinary Motion of the Brain and by that reason distempers the Brain by increasing the Motion of the Brain to the Motion of the Fiddle which puts the Brain so out of tune as it is very seldom tuneable again and as a Ship is swallowed by a Whirlpit in the Sea so is Reason drown'd in the Whirlpit of the Brain Comparing the Spleen to a Loadstone THE Spleen is like a Loadstone which draws Steel unto it and as the Loadstone is as it were nourished by Steel so the Spleen is opened and clensed Of Physick THE reason why most Men are addicted to the taking of much Physick is out of love to Life thinking that Physick prolongs it I Am about to publish an Additional Part to joyn with my Book of Philosophical Fancies which by reason some part treats of Diseases I recommend to Physicians I mean not Empiricks or Mountebanks such as take the Name and never studied the Science whose Practice is rather to kill than to cure which disgraceth that Noble Profession But
chiefly in the head so their like and dislike to most things proceeds from thence for the brain will be so weary with one and the same motion as the leggs with running and the violenter the senses are the sooner tired they be but there are two chief sortes of pleasure the one wholy dwelling in the senses which is fading the other lasts as long as life and hath a desire to last longer these are those things or thoughts as lie not wholy in the senses but onely found out by them and kept and nourished by the minde in this the senses follow the minde and where the minde leades the senses it walkes them with so moderate a pace and rules them with so equal motions as they are never weary But when the senses lead and rule the minde it is alwayes out of order and is tired in following the uneven strange and violent wayes not knowing where to rest but the reason why displeasure lasts longer then pleasure is because displeasure is of the nature of death For though motion doth not cease as in death yet it is slow and dull and pleasure which is of the nature of life is full of motion bot and violent the one is like a long and tedious sicknes the other like a hot and burning fever that destroyes soon The nature of Man IT is the nature of mankinde to run into extreams for their mindes are as their bodies are for most commonly there is a predominate passion in the one as a predominat humor in the other so that dispositions of men are governed more by passion then by reason as the body is governed more by appetite then by conveniencies The Power of the Senses THe body hath power over the will for the appetite of the five senses draws the will forcibly although reason helps to defend it The appetite is more delighted by degrees then with a full gust But one would think that every several sense did strike but upon one string or nerve for the minde is often moved to one and the same passion by the several senses and again one would think that every several object or subject did strike upon a several nerve although to the pleasure or pain but of one sense and the minde receives several pleasures or griefes from those varieties The happy Farmer THe Farmer and his wife sons daughters and servants are happier then the Kings Nobles or Gentry for a king hath more cares to govern his kingdom then he receives pleasure in the enjoyment The Farmers care is onely to pay his rent which he must have a very hard bargain or be a very ill husband if he cannot do it he takes more pleasure in his labour then the Nobility in their ease his labour gets a good stomack digests his meat provokes sleep quickens his spirits maintains health prolongs life and grows rich into the bargain The Nobility or Gentry their disease of idlenesse deads their stomacks decayes their health shortens their lives besides makes them of inconstant natures and empty purses and their queasy bodies make them desirevariety of wines meats and women and idlenesse wearieth their spirits which makes them wander to several places company games or sports yet ease and riots make finer wits for riots make many vapours and idlenesse breeds thoughts which heates the braine and heat is active and so refines the wit and fires the spirits and hot spirits make ambition ambition wel disposeth mindes produceth worthy actions and honourable reports and not onely fills them with courage but gives them curiosity civility justice and the like but ambition to depraved mindes makes them slaves to base actions as flattering cheating or betraying or any unworthinesse to compasse their ends The vastness of desires THere are few but desires to be absolute in the world as to be the singular work of nature and to have the power over all her other workes although they may be more happy with lesse but nature hath given men those vast desires as they can keep in no limits yet they begin low and humble as for example a man that is very poor and in great wants desires onely to have so much as will serve meer necessity and when he hath that then he desireth conveniences then for decency after for curiosity and so for glory state reputation and fame and though desire runs several wayes yet they aym all at one end If any end there were which is to imbrace all but some say the minde is the measure of happinesse which is impossible unlesse the minde were reasonable for the minde is not satisfied though it had all but requires more so the minde is like eternity alwayes running but never comes to an end Of the Vain Uselesse and unprofitable Wishes I Perceive if men could have their wish of nature or fortune they would wish that which was admired and esteemed by others and not what he received for man seems to build his happinesse in the opinion of others as the chiefest injoyment of pleasure in himself Of desires and fears SOme say that it is a miserable state of minde to have few things to desire and many things to fear but surely the misery lieth onely in the many feares not in the few desires and if desires are pleasing in the birth yet it puts the minde in great pain when they are strangled with the string of impossibilities or at least made sick and faint with improbabilities for if hopes give them life despair gives them death and where one desires enjoyes a possession many thousands are beaten back for desire seldom keeps rank but flies beyond compasse yet many times desires are helped by their grateful servants patience and industry For industry is a kinde of witch-craft for wise industry will bring that to passe as one would think it were impossible but without all doubt that minde that hath the ferest wishes is in the happiest condition for it is as if it had a fruition of all things What desires a man may have to make him happy THe desires for happines are not in the favour of Princes nor in being Princes to have favourites or to be popular nor in the conquering of many nations and men nor in having vast possessions or to be Emperours of the whole world or in the revenge of enemies or to enjoy their beloved or to have many Lovers nor in beauty art wit nor strength but to have health so as to enjoy life and peace to guard it to be praised and not flattered admired but not lusted after to be envyed but not hated to be beloved without ends to love without jealousie to learn without labour to have wise experience without losse to live quietly without fear to be an enemy to none to have pleasure without pain honour and riches without trouble and time to wait on them which every prudent man makes it to do but these are not easily to be had so that the best way to be happy is
the Planets which move by degrees in their several Orbes some slower and some faster Ignorance is the total Eclips and violent Passions as dark Clouds that Viel the face thereof which is only seen by the shadowes but not in its full Glory Allegory 8. THE World is a Shopp which sells all manner of Commodities to the Soul and Senses the price are Good Actions and Bad for which they have Salvation or Damnation Peace or War Pleasure or Pain Delight or Grief Allegory 9. THE Earth is the great Merchant of the World trafficking with the Sun and the rest of the Planets whose Store-Houses are the several Regions from whence she fetches in Ships of attraction her several Commodities Heat and Moisture whereof she makes Life and sells it to several Creatures who pay her Death for the same Allegory 10. THE World is like the Sea and Life and Death the flowing and ebbing thereof Warrs are the Stormes that make it rough in Billows of Faction and the Tongues of Men by their loud Reports are as the Roating thereof but Peace is the Calm which makes it so smooth that the face of Tranquillity is seen therein Prosperity is the Sun which throwes its Beams of Plenty thereon but Adversity is as dark Clouds which hang full of Discontent and oft times fall in Showers of Desolation and Destruction Of the World Allegory 11. THE World is like a great City wherein is much Commerce through which runs a great Navigable River of Ambition Ebbing and Flowing with Hope and Doubt having Barks of Self-conceit floating thereon filled with Pride and Scorn and Merchants of Faction setting forth Ships of Trouble to bring in Power and Authority which Ships by the Storms of Warr are oft times rackt where all Happiness and Peace is drown'd in the Waves of Misery and Discontent but Silver Vows Gilded Promises and Golden Expectations make a glorious shew like a Goldsmiths Shop and though the Substance doth not waste yet it is often melted by cross accidents and forgetfullness and the fashions alter according to the Humours of the time Hard Hearts bold Faces feared Consciences and rash Actions are the Brass and Iron that make the Instruments of War Of Fortune Allegory 12. FOrtune is a Mountebank cozening and cheating Mankind acting upon the Stage of the World where Prosperity plaies the part of a Fool to allure the Multitude inticeing them to buy her Druggs of Follies and Vanities or Antidotes of Experience against her poysons of Miseries which Poysons are many times so strong that they kill having no remedy but she cares not so her Ware be sold whether they live or dye A man is like a Cabinet of Toies wherin are some false Drawers of deceit which none can discover to the view of the World but Prosperity and Adversity The Tongue is a Key which unlocks the door of the Ears and lets in Flattery as those that steal Affection from the Heart The Heart of a man is the Church of Controversie and the Tongue is the Sophisterian-Pricst which preacheth false Doctrin Allegory 13. IN the Head of man was a Diet call'd and Wit chosen Emperour he was an active Prince and so ingenious that he had Trade and Traffick not only with every kingdome but he made his advantage upon every Thing besides he kept his Kingdom in Peace setting his Subjects Thoughts on work lest they should become idle and so grow factious for want of imployment and somtimes to recreate them he makes Maskques and Plaies Balls and Songs to which they dance upon the feet of Numbers but if this Emperour did chance to make War upon his Neighbours he never went forth himself but sent his satyrical Jests out which march'd upon grounds of white paper arm'd with black ink and sighting with sharp words where most commonly they rout his Enemies with Scorn or kill them with Reproach and bury them with Infamy Allegory 14. THE several Brains of men are like to several Governments or Kingdomes the Monarchical Brain is where Reason rules as sole King and is inthron'd in the Chair of Wisedom which keeps the Vulgar Thoughts in Peace and Obedience not daring to rise up in Rebellious Passions but the Aristocratical Brain is where some Few but strong Opinions govern all the Thoughts these Governors most commonly are Tyrannical executing their Authority by Obstinacy but in the Republike Brain there is no certain Government nor setled Governour for the Power lies among the Vulgar Thoughts who are alwaies Placing and Displacing one while a vain Imagination is carried in the Chair of Ignorance and cryed up with applause by the idle and loose Thoughts and in a short time after thrown out with Accusation and Exclamation and afterwards executed upon the Block of Stupidity and so Conceptions of all sorts are most commonly served with the same sauce and if by chance they set up Reason or Truth they fare no better for the inconstant Multitude of Rude and Illiterate Thoughts displaces them again and off-times executes them upon the Scaffold of Injustice with the sword of Falshood Allegory 15. THE Head of Man is like a Wilderness where Thoughts as several Creatures live therein 25 Coveting Thoughs which hunt after our Appetites which never leave feeding untill their desires are satisfied or indeed they are glutted others so fearfull that every Object is apt to startle them and others so dull and slow like crawling Worms others so elevated like Birds they fly in Aery Imaginations and many above all possibility Allegory 16. MAN and the World do resemble much The Heart is like the Torrid Zone and the slame blazes there as the Sun which sends forth Raies through the Eyes that draw in Affections where some Objects are like the gross Vapours which gather into Clouds of Melancholy which darkens the resplendent lights of Joy quashes the natural Heat and nourisheth Humours wherewith the Health is impaired and the body becomes lean barren and cold but when the Heat of the Heart dissipates those Vapours it either turns into windy Throbs or Showers of Tears or thundring Grones or else it rarifies into a Christalline Tranquillity Allegory 17. THE Spirit Travells in Ships of Medium from the Kingdome of the Brain hoisting up the Sails of the eye-lids being well ballanced with clear sight puts forth from the Optick Port through the Haven of the round circle in the Ball and when it is full freighted with Objects returns and paies knowledge for Custome to the Soul its King whereby the Kingdome growes rich in Understanding besides the curiosity of Fancy But withall it fills the Kingdome full of vain Opinions which are able to Rebell with the Pride of Self-conceit Allegory 18. THE Brain is like a Perspective-glass and the Understanding is the Eye to discover the Truth Follies and Falshood in the World The Brain is like a Forest and the Thoughts as Passengers that travell therein making Inrodes and beating out Paths And when the Brain is very dry
of Fame with their Bills of Glory from thence they fly over the Groves of Eternity with their wings of Presumption but some Birds of Poetry light on the Ground of Recreation there hop through the paths of Custom made by the recourse of the peopled Thoughts through the Meadows of Memory in the Island of the Brain and sometimes skip upon a Stick of Conceit wagging their tail of Jests or else fly to the Forest of wild Phantasms but there finding little Substance to feed on return with weary Wings to their place of rest again but in the Spring time of Love the Nightingale-Poets sing Amorous Sonnets in several Notes of Numbers somtimes in the Dawny Morning of Hopes or in the Evening of Doubts and somtimes in the Night of Dispair but seldom in the high Noon of Fruition The Worlds Olio LIB II. PART II. Short Essayes 1. AS the Nightingale is the Bird of the Spring so the Fly is the Bird of the Summer 2. There would be no Twilight if there were no Clouds for the Clouds are like the Wieck of a Candle 3. Platonick Love is a Bawd to Adultery so Romancy and the like 4. If a Woman gets a spot in her Reputation she can never rub it out 5. It is the greatest study in the Life of a Chast Woman to keep her Reputation and Fame unspotted for Innocency is oft scandalized amongst the Tongues of the Malicious 6. Womens Thoughts should be as pure as their Looks Innocent Noble Honourable Worthy and Virtuous are words of Praises more proper for Women than Gallant Brave Forward Spirits these are too Masculine Praises for the Effeminat Sex 7. Men should follow Reason and Truth as the Flower that turns to the Sun 8. Pockholes take away the gloss of Youth from a Face 9. Some give Women more Praises than their Modesty dares countenance 10. True Affection is not to be measured because it is like Eternity not to be comprized 11. Those that would be Honoured must have Noble Civilities Gratefull Performances Generous Liberalities and Charitable Compassions 12. A Man may be as soon dishonoured by the Indiscretion of his Wife as by her Dishonesty 13. It is better to live with Liberty than with Riches 14. With Virtue than with Beauty 15. With Love than with State 16. With Health than with Power 17. With Wit than with Company 18. With Peace than with Fame 19. With Beasts than with Fools 20. There is no Sound so unpleasing as to hear Amorous Lovers or Fools speak 21. There is no Sight so unpleasant as Affectation 22. A Gracefull Motion sets forth a Homely Person and wins more Affection than the rarest Beauty that Nature ever made 23. Wit and bon Miene and Civility take more than Beauty and gay Clothing 24. Pride without State doth as ill as State without Civility 25. It is better to hear Sense in mean Phrases than Phrases without Sense 26. A Man should alwaies wear his Life for the service of his Honour 27. Men should have Variety in nothing but Gainfull Knowledge 28. It is proper for a Gentleman to have a bon Miene to be Civil and Conversible in Discourse to know Men and Manners 29. It is more proper for a Gentleman to be active in the use of Arms than in the Art of Dancing for a Gallant Man hath more use of his Arms than his Heels 30. It is more proper for a Gentleman to learn Fortification than Grammar But what pains will a Man take in learning several Languages wherein their Tongues are exercised and neglect that Learning that should maintain their Honour which is the Sword the one doth but trouble their Heads and overcharge their Memories the other gets Honour and saves their Lives the one is onely proper for Scholastical Pedants the other for Heroick Spirits 31. A Man should court his Sword as his Mistris and study to learn its Virtue and love it as his Friend which defends his Honour to revenge his Quarrels and guard him from his Enemies 32. For he is the more Gallant Man that hath a Generous Mind a Valiant Heart than he that hath only a Learned Head the first is Noble the other Pedantical the one gives the other receives 33. It becomes a Gentleman rather to love Horses and Weapons than to fiddle and dance 34. And he is not worthy the name of a Gentleman that had rather come Sweating from a Tennis-Court than Bleeding from a Battel 35. Men should never give Gifts but out of three respects either for Charity Love or Fame and it is a good chance when they meet all in one Subject not that one Subject should be all but all in one 36. All Civility hath a Natural and an Attractive Quality and like a Loadstone draws Affection to it 37. There is nothing more Noble that to overcome an Enemy by Curtesy 38. And there is nothing more base than to insult over an Enemy in Adversity 39. It is more Noble to win an Enemy to be their Friend than when they have them in their power to revenge their Quarrel for it is the part of Generosity to Pardon as well as to Exalt 40. It looks with a face like Generosity to be Gratefull 41. There is no greater Usury or Extortion than upon Curtesy for the Lone of Money is but ten twenty or thirty in the Hundred but the Lone of Curtesy is to inslave a Man all his life 42. Yet Gratitude is nothing but to pay a Debt for if one Man save another Mans life and he returns with the hazard of his own he hath paid him what he owed him but if he looks for it oftner than once its Usury than twice it is Extortion 43. It is Commendable to Censure like a Noble and Mercifull Judge not like a Wicked Tyrant 44. Who would esteem Fame when the Cruel and Wicked shall many times have Fortune befriend them so that they shall live with Applause which is Fame and the Virtuous and Well-deserving shall be stabbed or wounded with Reproach which is Infamy so that Fame is like a great King and Fortune the Favourite 45. Every one cannot be a Caesar or an Alexander but there must compile such Times Ages and Actions and Minds together to produce such Exploits 46. Humility is the way to Ambitious ends for few come to them by Pride but by Time serving or Bribery 47. For seeming Humility is the Tower whereon Ambition is bailt and Pride is the Pinnacle where Envy is an Engin to pull it down 48. Nature makes but Fortune distributes 49. God by Fortune doth not alwaies protect the Honest from the Envious of the World or Accidents of Chance 50. It is as impossible to separate Envy from Noble and Great Actions as to destroy Death 61. Power is like unto Love it is the strongest when it is drawn to one point for Power divided is weak so is Love or like the Sun when the Beams are gathered together into one point it burns 52. Kings
all the rest are begot or derived Also there are but two Parent-Dispositions in the Body the one good the other bad from whence Dispositions are begot or derived A good Disposition is caused by an equal Temper of the Constitution of the Body and an orderly Habit belonging thereunto also when the Humours therein be fresh sweet clear and thin A bad Disposition is caused from an unequal Temper of the Body and a disorderly Habit belonging thereunto also when the Humour is gross muddy corrupt and full of malignity But Love and Hate are created in the Mind increased and abated by Imaginations Conceptions Opinions Reason Understanding and Will But those two Parent-Passions and Dispositions do so resemble one another as they are often times mistaken being taken one for another When the inbred Humours of the Body produce one kind and the Nature of the Mind another Of a Hating Disposition or a Passionate Hate THere is a difference betwixt a Hating Disposition and a Passionate Hate A Hating Disposition is produced from a Weak Constitution of Body and an overflowing of Malignant Humours which rise like a High Tide which cause an Aversion Loathing or Nauseousness to their Object or Subject From this Disposition proceeds Frights and Fears Soundings and Faintings as at the sight of what they hate but when it is against their own kind it produceth Malicious Thoughts Slandering Words and Mischievous Actions But Passionate Hate makes open War and onely pursueth that which it thinks is Evil and is the Champion of Virtue the Sword of Justice the Guard and Protector of Innocents and the Pillar of Commonwealths Of Loving Dispositions and Passionate Love THere is a Loving Disposition and the Passion of Love This Loving Disposition proceeds from Moyst Humours and a Sanguine Constitution which makes the Disposition facile or pitiful tender-hearted as we say and Amorously kind From this Disposition Tears flow often through the Eyes large Professions and Protestations fond Embracements kind Words and dear Friendships as long as it lasts but dissolved upon every small Occasion and never fails to break all to pieces and those pieces to rise up as Enemies if any Misfortune comes But Passionate Love professeth but a Little and promiseth Nothing but will endure all Torments and dye Millions of several waies if it had so many Lives to give for what is loves Of Amorous Love AMorous Dispositions are a Mullet and an Extravagancy of Nature got betwixt the Humours of the Body and the Passions of the Mind for the Passions of the Mind and the Dispositions of the Body although they be taken by the Ignorant for one and the same having some resemblance as a Horse and an Ass yet they are of two several kinds and different Natures the one being Industrious Couragious Generous Noble and Free the other Slothfull Fearfull and fit for Slavery But the Passions of the Mind are Rational the Humours of the Body Bestial for Lust is the Natural Breed of a Sluggish Body Pure Love the Natural Breed of a Rational Soul But Amorosity is begot betwixt both being not so foul as Lust nor so pure as Love but is of a mixt nature and like Mules that produce no Creature so Amorosity neither produceth a Noble Of-spring from the Mind nor seldome any Issue from the Body for it is rather a whining Contemplation than a real Act. Of a Cholerick Disposition and a Cholerick Passion THere is a difference betwixt a Cholerick Disposition and a Cholerick Passion A Cholerick Disposition proceeds from a dry hot Constitution and a bitter or salt Humour that is bred in the Body either by an evil habit of the Liver and Stomack or an unwholsome Diet This produceth a froward Disposition being alwaies a Disquiet to it self which causes the Words to be cross the Voyce to be loud the Countenance to be stern and the Behaviour ruff and rude But a Cholerick Passion is the Fire of the Mind giving Heat to the Thoughts which raiseth Ambition and gives Courage to the Active Vigour to the Strong Quickness to the Words Confidence to the Countenance with a Resolved Behaviour c. The Sympathy of the Spirits THere are Sympathies of Sensitive Spirits and Rational Spirits the one proceeds from the Body the other from the Mind or Soul the one is Fondness the other is Love this makes Fondness last no longer than the Senses are filled which every Sense is not onely capable of a Satisfaction of every particular Object but an overflowing even to a Surfet and Dislike but an Affection that is made by the Sympathy of the Rational Spirits which is Love dwels in the Soul and is never satisfied but the more it receives the more it desires so that this Sympathy is the Infinite of Loves Eternity Of the offering up of Life THere are few that will freely offer up their Lives to take a certain Death yet there be three sorts that are the likeliest to do it as the Ambitious the Consciencious and Lovers the Ambitious Fame perswades them the Consciencious Fear and Hope perswades them Lovers Love perswades them Ambition seeks Fame Fame seeks Applause Applause seeks Action Action seeks Honour Honour seeks Danger Danger seeks Death Fear and Hope seek Religion Religion seeks Faith Faith seeks Martyrdome Martyrdome seeks Death Love seeks Ease Ease seeks Peace Peace seeks Rest Rest seeks Death Those that dye for unlawfull Desires or in desperate Fury or the like these deserve Pity and Tears of Sorrow because their Death was their Dishonour but to dye for their Country their Religion Friends or Chastity there Tears should be wiped from all Eyes and Acclamations of Joy should ring for the Renown of such Constant Virtue as to seal it with Voluntary Death where Life was onely a Cover to hide it besides the Spirits they beget by example they give but this kind of Valour hath few Companions The yielding up Life A Valiant Man will not wilfully part with his Life nor yet unjustly keep it but if his God his Country or his Friend require it he willingly offers it up as a Sacrifice upon the Altar of Honour when Desperateness throws his Life into the Jaws of Death for a Vainglorious Fame The Difference of killing themselves and yielding up of Life THere are more kill themselves than willingly offer up their Lives because those that offer up their Lives are as a Sacrifice or Atonement for the good of one another more than themselves and would rather live than dye could they keep their Life with Honour but their Death being a Rescue to something as they think which is more worthy than their Life they willingly yield it up where those that kill themselves do it out of Fear of a Miserable Life for those do deliver up their Lives Freely and Nobly that give it not to avoyd worse Inconveniencies to themselves as out of Poverty Pain Fear or Disgrace or the like but those that leave Health Wealth Strength Honours Friends and all
the thinnest Air be so hard and so solidly froze as water which is of a grosser Body Man and Beast would be smothered for want of Breath as Fishes are in great Frosts yet many Creatures of the Earth are frozen to death not only by having their Limbs Conjealed Benummed and Dead destroying the Natural Motions therin for surely the thinnest Air being congealed they can get none to serve for Breath that is there is none fit to move the Lungs for though some Creatures Lungs require grosser Air than others and some a finer yet Man and Beast I observe require a middle temper or mixture for too thin Air is as unusefull as too grosse so for the Temper too hot is as hurtfull as too cold the one scalds or burns the Lungs the Brain and the rest of the inward parts or sets the Spirits on fire the other benumbs and stupifies them at least obstructs them but when the Air is putrified and corrupted it mingles with the thinner Parts as the Humours the Blood and the like causing corrupted Diseases and putrifyed Limbs but as I said the Spring Vapour which is the rising Vapour is like the Beesting Milk so the Vapour in Autumn which is the falling Vapour is like Cheese that is ill prest or too moist kept which corrupts and breeds Maggots so Vapour being not well clarified or concocted by the Sun becomes Malignant Of several sorts of Vapour THere are many sorts of Vapours according to the several tempets of those parts of the Earth they are drawn from but when they are drawn to such a height they all mix yet seldom so but that some sort may predominate whether salt Vapour sharp Oil bitumenous waterish or grosse and Earthy as dull and heavy or more light and Aery Thus the Sun as I say draws and mixes boils and clarifies Vapours but if there be more than his Heat can overcome they corrupt and fall back and that which is thinnest and purest it turns into serene Air the Crude and Flatuous part it turns into Wind the Watery part into Rain the Bitumenous part into Thunder the Oily part into Lightning or Meteors the Scum into Clouds which servs as wicks of Candles to take Light the corrupted part insensibly falls back to the Earth again But when the Malignity of the Earth and the corruption of the Air and the distempered Humours of Bodies join together it causeth great and horrible Plagues making a general Malignity and untill this Malignity hath spent its strength with struggling and striving with the strength of Life it never ceaseth and at the last it grows fainter and fainter untill it hath no Power The several Degrees or several sorts of Vapour AS there is a natural Heat and a natural Moisture proper and inherent in every animal Body so there is a natural Vapour that is produced therefrom as a right and natural begotten Child Or like Chymistrie where Fire extracts from grosser Bodies several degrees of Matter as Smoak Oil Essence Water Salt and Incipid Dreggs so the Natural Heat on Food received extracts Vapour Fat Blood Spirits Sweat Humours and Excrements Now if the Heat be of an equal temper and the Limbeck which is the Stomach free from Defects the Digestion is good which makes the Extraction pure and effectual now the thinnest but strongest Extractions are the Animal or Vital Spirits the next thinnest and most powerfull is the Vapour which Vapour is that which reposeth the Senses and feedeth the Brain nourishing Imagination Conception and Understanding and the like and is the Creator of Fancy and Phantasms the Grosser part of Vapour is a Smoak that continually issueth out through the Pores and the like open passages which Smoak is a superfluity that serves for no use but may do Mischief if it be stopt choaking and smothering Life or at least causeth such Distempers as may disorder the whole Body but the Animal spirit indeed is a Vapour which proceeds from the Radical Heat and Moisture of the Body wherin if the Heat be too violent or the Moisture too gross Quenches or Burns them up and the Reposing Vapour proceeds from the Natural digesting Heat and Moisture that is in the Body and the Superfluous Vapour or Smoak proceeds from the actual Heat or Moisture put into the Body by violent Motions or hot Weather or hot Meats or moist Meats or much Meat or Drink When these Vapours join to the Natural Vapours of Repose they cause as it were dead sleeps as we see by those that have out Eat or Drank their Natural Temper for though much eating will many times hinder Sleep by reason it makes the Vapour so gross that it cannot easily flow yet much Drinking never fails for a drunken man will be so strongly asleep that he cannot be awaked but indeed the Senses will be drunk as well as the Brain which causeth them to be as if they were asleep but are not only their Strength is for a time taken away as being Slack'd or rather as it were drown'd but when strong sleep is produced by overmuch eating it is rather an Epilepsie than a natural Sleep the Brain being as it were almost sinothered with the thick and full Smoak and the Senses choaked or strangled therewith and so will the Senses be in these Distempers untill they are dispersed or rarified either by Time Motion or natural Heat but Temperance causeth sweet natural and healthfull Sleeps being a Vapour that ariseth from a good Digestion caused by a Natural Heat and Moisture for when the Stomach is too empty it hinders Sleep as much as when it is too full Of Thunder AS Winds make the Cloudes in the Air and the Waves of the Sea to War and make a Noise by the beating thereon so it makes Thunder for Thunder is nothing in my apprehension but Winds beating upon Christling Drops which is Water congealed in the middle Region for Cold knits the Porous Body into a more Solid and Winds that are made by Rarification give it Motion which motion makes it powerfull and when this Wind is got above the lower Region and flies about it it drives those Christling Drops against one another and makes such a Noise as the Roaring of the Sea only it is a harder Noise if we observe which is because the Water is Christling in the middle Region and not in the Sea and if we observe the harder the Thunder-Claps are the less it rains and the more it rains the lesser are the Claps and according as the heat of the Sun melts and dissolves the Christling Bodies more or less it rains Of the Motions of the Planets THE Spherical Planets are the Wheels to draw up Vapours from the Earth and the Sun as a thirsty Throat is refreshed thereby Besides every particular Planet feeds upon each other though not Corporally as many other Creatures do but draw and suck as from each others Breast Of Thunder some little difference to the former THE reason why it'doth not
Night piece for it wants the Sun of Rhetorick to make it a Glorious Day The Worlds Olio LIB III. PART III. Much Praise makes a Physician think himself Learned IT is a strange thing to see into what great Errours Men will run as suppose a Person shall find out or have it by Receipt a rare Medicine as to cure one Disease which is curable and for the Fame of this one Medicine shall have a whole Country flock to him for Medicines for their several Diseases and shall not be perswaded from it and at last perswade him as Self-love is easily perswaded to practice that he hath no skill in and so kill more by his Ignorance than his Medicine can qure by its Virtue Of Physicians IT is almost impossible for all Physicians to know all Diseases and their Remedies as they prosess to do by their general Practices for we find to learn a mean Art it is the study and service of seven Years and certainly it is much more difficulty to know Diseases which are like Faces not any one alike Besides Diseases lye so hid in the Body of an Animal as they are never perfectly known but guess'd at and to know the Cure of a Disease is as hard as to know the Disease and indeed we can never know a perfect Cure unless we could know the undoubted Cause But Physicians should watch as Philosophers the Stars with Observations and in time they may guess so well as seldom to fail of a Remedy Wherfore it were good that every particular Physician should be bound by a Law to study onely a single Disease and the Cure thereof and not to confound their Brains with tearms and names of Diseases and to kill the Patient by being ignorant of the Cause But let every Disease go to a proper Physician for though there be a multitude of Diseases yet there are more Physicians but such is the sad Condition that they rather adventure to Chance or Luck than Skill for Diseases are like several Countenances in Faces though there be one and the same kinds of Faces as Man-kind Horse-kind and Cow-kind yet every Horse-face is not alike nor every Mans Face is not alike so Diseases as Pox-kind and Plague-kind and Feaver-kind yet all Feavers are not alike nor Plagues nor Pox for they are different in degrees wherefore one and the same Medicine will not cure one kind of Disease but the Medicine must differ as the Disease for as the Countenance of the Disease changeth so must the Medicine But it is harder to take the degrees of Diseases than to draw a Picture to the Life for it is hard to know in what Degree a Disease is in But the Second Part of my Philosophical Fancies will treat more at large of Diseases and their Cures The Motion of the Blood THE most Renowned and most Learned Physician Doctor Harvey hath found out the Circulation of the Blood by his industrious study so methinks it should be very beneficial towards the health of Man to find out the Motion of the Blood as it runs whether it hath one intermixing Motion as it runs or whether the Blood doth not do as the Water seems to do which going in a swift source where the following Drops are as great Strangers to the leading Drops as the situation of either Pole for though the hinder Drops press forwards and drive on the former like Crouds of People one shuffling another yet they do not seem to intermix or incorporate but rather seem to break and divide into parts for if they should intermix and incorporate one drop into another their intermixing Motion would hinder their running Motion so much as it would be scarce perceivable how it went forward and if the Blood do not intermix then some Veins may have foul and corrupted Blood and some very pure Blood which we many times see which makes me think it doth not intermix if so we may take out our good Blood and leave our bad behind us not knowing where the Corrupted Blood lyeth and this Corrupted Blood may infect the Vital Parts as it runs along This makes some that when they let Blood in Feavers they are never the better because that Vein was not open where it lay so that Physicians had better strike two or three Veins and venture the loss of Good Blood than miss the Bad for it may corrupt all the rest though not by intermixing yet by corrupting the Liver as it floweth Of letting Blood THere are more Diseases come in having too much Blood than too little for when the Veins are too full the Blood hath no liberty to run out and for want of Motion corrupts which Corruption bursts out into Small-Pox Fistaloes Kings Evils and many such like Diseases But if the Humour thrusts not Outwards it corrupts the Inward Parts as the Liver the Lungs or else breeds Imposthumes and many such Diseases But if there be much Blood and thin then by the agitation it grows hot or else by the many Spirits in much Blood it begets too much Motion Motion Heat and Heat and Motion fires the Blood and inflames the Spirits which causeth Feavers of all sorts Frenzies and Consumptions for there may be as well too much Motion in the Body as too little But when the Parts of the Body are congeal'd or tyed up with Cold then the Blood cannot run nor the Spirits work but Motion ceaseth and the ceasing of Natural Motion is Death Or if the Blood run too fast about and the Spirits work too hard by reason of too much Heat they wast out themselves by reason of too much Labour and so are worn out like the Wheels of a Clock for the Clock ceaseth to go when the Wheels are broken Of Diet. THere is nothing preserves Health more and lengthens Life than due and just proportion of Diet according to the strength of the Stomack for one should eat so that the Body should feed upon the Meat and not the Meat to feed upon the Body as it doth with those that eat more than they can digest for the Superfluity makes Slough and Slime in the Body which Slime drowns the Spirits slackens the Nerves corrupts the Blood and weakens the Body besides it bringeth many Diseases Neither should one eat so little as to let the Body feed upon it self for much Fasting dryes the Blood heats the Body and fires the Spirits which Fire once getting into the Arteries is seldome or never cured being a Hective Feaver But it is as hard to know a just proportion to the strength of the Stomack as to keep it when they know it This Knowledge comes by observing the Stomack for at some times the Stomack requires more than at other times although the Appetite may be less when the Stomack is empty or it is requirable to give it more for some have such weak Appetites as they sterve their Bodies because they would not displease their Tast or else eat such things as
would yield no Nourishment for there is a great difference between the Appetite and the Stomack Others their Appetites are so sharp and their Stomacks so weak as it digests not the third part of what it receives But he that loves Pleasure more than Health and Life let him follow Epicures and they that think the Severity of the Body is the way to Eternal Life let them turn Anchorets but they that think they may use all things that are lawfull without 2 prejudice to the Soul and would have Health and Life to use them long let them follow Observation and Moderation The Reason why one and the same Quantity of Physick shall purge some to Death and others it shall never move or at least not to that degree THE Reason is That one and the same Quality and Quantity of Purging Medicines works so different in several Bodies and at several Times in one and the same Body is caused by the Validity and Solidity of the Humour for the Bodies of Animals are like to several Grounds some Dusty and Dry some Stony and Hard some Tuff and Clammy as Clay some Muddy and Dirty others Washy and Wet which causeth Husbandmen to yoke more Oxen or Harness more Horses to adde Strength not onely when their Draughts are heavily laden but when the Waies are ill and uneasy to travel in for in some Waies ten Horses will not draw so easy as one in other Waies or in Winter as in Summer but are forced to whip and lash to tug and pull so are Bodies where Physick like Horses or Oxen doth pull and gripe the Guts to draw out clammy Flegm where in Light and Sanguine Bodies the Physick runs fast and the Humours follow easily or in Melancholy and Dry Waies where the Humour is so hard as the Physick rather beats upon it than penetrates or divides it and at last becomes Lame and Weak as Horses which are foundred but Cholerick Bodies are like Sandy Waies where the Humours like Dust fly about But there must be several sorts of Physick given to several Constitutions as Husbandmen sow several sorts of Grain as some Humours must be digged up with Penetrating Medicines other Humours plowed up with Fomenting Medicines some Humours harrowed with Extenuating Medicines others raked as with Drawing and Attractive Medicines some must be watered with Solable and Sucking Medicines others must be manured and nourished with fine Light-Meats and Gelly Broths others must be comforted with the hot Sun of Cordials Thus if Bodies be not husbanded according to the Nature Constitution of the Soyl they will never have a sufficient Stock of Health to pay Life their Land lord his Rent and Death will seize upon their Lease as forfeited to him before the Rent-day Of Purging Drugs ALL Purging Drugs have more of the penetrating or subdividing Quality than attractive or drawing for it is not the gathering together the Humours that casts forth or purgeth forth but the cutting or dividing them which loosens them and dissolves and the Cause of Fluxes in Bodies is that Nature hath bred a Drug in the Body which is a penetrating and subdividing Humour Of Opium Opium works upon the Spirits as Drugs do upon the Liver in the Body it is good in Feavers for in all Feavers the Spirits are like Wanton Bodies which run and play so much untill they have put themselves into a Fiery Heat But dull Opium corrects them like a grave Tutor wherefore Opium should be good for Mad-men moderately taken Of Animal Spirits THE Animal Spirits are the Radical Vapour in the Body produced from the Natural Heat and Radical Moysture but Obstruction which comes by Superfluity stops the Natural Heat hindring the Extenuating Faculty and Corruption which is caused by Superfluous Moysture and Unnatural Heat damps the Natural and drowns the Radical Moysture by which the Animal Spirits become weak This is the reason that those Diseases that come by Obstruction or Corrupted Humours make the Body faint and lazy and the Mind dull and melancholy Of Heat and Cold. HEat and Cold produce many times one and the same Effect for as Cold draws all Spirits inward so Heat thrusts all Spirits outwards for Cold is like a Hook to pull Heat inward and Heat like a Spear or a Staff to thrust outward As for example From Wine is distilled Aqua vitae or the like which are Spirits by the means of Fire and Wine in a Barrel if it be much frozen will cause all the Spirits in the Barrel to gather together in the midst and no Spirits are left in that which is frozen as likewise in extreme Fear all Spirits will be drawn to the Heart as the Center insomuch as all the rest of the Members will have none left to support them as they become useless and in great Heats the Spirits go to the Outward Parts and leave the Inward Parts so voyd as they become saint and exhausted for want of their help The Difference of Heat and Cold in the Spring and Autumn THE Face of the Earth is like the Hearth of a Chimney and the Sun as the Fire that lyeth thereon that is the reason that the Spring is not so warm as the Autumn or the Autumn so cold as the Spring because the Sun is not so hot in the Winter to heat the Earth as in the Summer for as the Hearth of a Chimney will require some time to be heated after the Fire is laid thereon so it will retain a Heat sometimes after the Fire is taken therefrom Likewise this is the reason that it is coldest just before the break of Day because at that time the Sun hath been longest absent for there is some Heat in the Night though but weak not but that the Night may be hot when the Day hath been cold but then that Heat proceeds rather from the Bowels of the Earth than the Beams of the Sun for though the Sun may have a Constant Heat yet his Beams have not as we may observe some Summer Daies are much colder than others for some Daies may be hotter when the Sun is Oblick than when it is Perpendicular over our Heads by reason that cold and moyst Vapours may arise from the Earth and as it were quench the Violent Heat in the Beams of the Sun and Wind may cool the Heat also or Clouds may obstruct the Heat as a Skreen set before the Fire yet neither Wind nor Vapour nor Clouds can alter the Heat inherent in the Sun c. Diseases curable and uncurable THere are some sorts of Dropsies that are caused by Obstruction and some sorts of Consumptions caused by Evil Digestion and so Diseases of all sorts that are curable but if any Vital Part be perished it is not Physick nor good Diet nor change of Air nor any Evacuation or Restoratives that can make that part whole again that is perished no not Nature it self for when her Work is finished she cannot mend it for if she makes
it Imperfect it will continue so for Nature is like a Clay Potter that if his Pot be made awry if once confirmed and hardened with Heat he cannot alter it Of the Sickness in the Spring THE Reason there are more sick in the Spring than in the Winter is that the Pores of the Body being closer shut in Winter by the Contraction of the Cold than in any other Season keeps in the Fire the Smoke and Vapour that should and would if it could issue out But the Parts being stopp'd having not a sufficient Vent to transport a proportionable Quantity it lyes and corrupts for want of Agitation the Quantity increasing it overcharges the Body that by such time the Spring is arrived the Body is so distempered as it falls sick the Corruption having bred a Malignity that infects the Noble Parts For the Body having more Vapour than the Natural Heat can digest makes it not onely corrupt for want of a sufficient Heat to purifie it but that Corruption quenches out the Natural Heat which causeth Agues and begets an Unnatural Heat which causeth Feavers and the like Diseases and the Corruption causeth the Small-Pox Meazels Imposthumes Soar Throats and many such kinds of Diseases But when this Distemper of the Body is joyned to the like Corrupted Vapours drawn from the Earth it is most commonly deadly and produceth great Plagues the Summer following the Body being then like Rotten Wood which is quickly set on Fire and soon burnt out But if the Body hath a Sufficiency of Natural Heat to clarifie the Vapour that arises from the Stomack and Bowels and to dry up the Superfluous Moysture the Body is safe from Danger but if the Body have more Heat than Moysture it feeds upon the Noble Parts and causeth Hective Feavers But Hective Feavers are seldome cured by the stoppage of the Pores for the Natural Heat in the Body is like External Fire which is extinguished if it be stopp'd and hath not Vent But there are several sorts or kinds or manners of Unnatural Heat caused by Obstructions and other Accidents as there is a Smothering Heat in the Body caused by Obstructions and there is a Smoking Heat of the Body caused by too violent External Motions or such Meats that actually heat also a Fiery Heat in the Body caused by too much and too strong Interior Motion but these Heats that are Moyst Heats and Unnatural cause Corruption Of the Sickness in Autumn THE Reason there is more Sickness in Autumn than in Summer is that the Powers of the Sun abating let fall by degrees all the Dregs and Dross of that Vapour it drew up from the Earth when it was in its full Strength which having more power to draw than to digest the Superfluity corrupts which Corruption falls back upon the Earth infecting the Air also the Bodies of Men and many times Beasts yet the Infection is received or infects according as the Bodies are tempted For if the Bodies are full of Humours and the Blood corrupt the Air is apt to catch hold as having a Sympathy each to other for as the old Proverb is Like will to like and those Bodies and also those Meats that are moyst are most apt to corrupt for Heat and Moysture are said to be the Father and Mother to Curruption which causeth those that eat much Fruits and Herbs in the Summer time to fall into Fluxes and Feavers and the like Diseases in the Autumn for those Humours that are bred in the Summer the Body strives to cast forth in Autumn like a Child birth for when the Humours are come to such a Growth the Body is in travel with painfull Throbs and strives to be delivered where some are soon delivered of their Burthen others dye in their Labour Diseases of the Spring Summer Autumn and Winter THE Diseases in the Spring are Agues Small-Pox Meazels Imposthumes and the beginning of Plagues for all the Malignity that was tunn'd up in the Body in the Winter is set abroch in the Spring by the returning Sun whose Beams though weak yet peirce like small Gimlets or Spiggots all the Pores of the Earth and the Creatures thereon The Diseases in the Summer are Phrenzies by reason the Heat burns and inflames the Spirits and Plagues by reason the Heat inflames those Malignant and Corrupted Humours that the Winter hath bred by Obstructions like Houses that are musty and fusty and smoky and foul for want of Air to sweeten them and full of Spiders and Cobwebs and Flyes and Moths bred from the dusty dirty Filth therein for want of Vent to purge them for the Winter shuts up all the Windows and Dores which are the Pores likewise the Blood corrupts and the Body is apt to rot like Linnen that is laid up damp or in a moyst place for the Rheums that are subject to be in the Winter corrupt and rot the Lungs and the Vital Parts of the Body likewise Sweatings and Faintings are Summer-diseases by reason the Natural Moysture is rarified so thin and the Pores open so wide as it evaporates all out even the Radical Moysture and the Vital Spirits issue out therewith The Diseases of Autumn are Fluxes by reason the Summer breeds sharp Humours with the Heat and the Drought besides the Diets of Men are crude and raw in that Season as eating of Fruits Roots Herbs and the like Also this Season is subject to Meagrums and Feavers which are also caused by sharp Humours likewise Head-akes and Vomitings caused by sharp Chorerick Humours which the Summer Diet breeds likewise Plurisies that are caused by burnt or corrupted Blood which is bred by too much Heat or an Unnatural Heat and a Supersluity of Moysture also Collicks by reason the Summer rarifies the Vapours into Wind which causeth not onely in the Bodies of Men great Collicks but in the Bowels of the Earth which causeth Earthquakes and great Tempestuous Winds in the Air for in this Season of the Year there are greater Winds than in any Season and hold the longest for though in March when the Pores of the Earth are first opened as I may say by the returning Sun whereupon the thinnest Matter will first fly out yet those Winds are neither so strong so long nor so frequent as those in Autumn The Diseases of the Winter are Coughs and Rheums by reason the Pores being closer drawn and the Air grosser and thicker in Winter it doth as it were daub rather up like Morter upon a Wall that hath Holes and Crevises than enter in which causeth a closer Stoppage which Stoppage causeth Dew and Distillations for the Heat and Moysture stewing together the Body becomes like a Still or rather like a Pot or Vessel that is close covered which hath Meat or some Liquid Substance in it where by Heat the Moysture thereof is rarified into Vapour and ascending to the Cover and at the Top as the Cover thereon finding a Depress straight gathers into a Dew and so into Drops then
Nose which causeth Coughs for Sneezing is but a Cough thorow the Nose but when Wind riseth thorow the Wind-pipe it causeth a Chine-cough for as long as the Wind ascends the Patient cannot draw in Air but coughs so long without drawing in of the Breath till they are black in the Face being as it were choak'd or strangled or rather smothered almost to Death As for Remedies those Coughs that proceed from a Supersluity of Moysture or from Corrupted Humours there must be applyed purging Medicines and letting of Blood but for Coughs that proceed from Decayed Parts there is no help for them for when the Intrals are corrupted and wasted they cannot be restored again nor made as they were before nor can they be healed up if they be ulcerated as the Outward Parts of the Body can for we cannot come so easily to lay Plasters and Pultesses to draw out the Corruption and Putrified Humour from the Sounder Parts that are not corrupted yet there may be given or taken such Medicines as may prolong or retard the hasty Wast which Medicines must be cooling and clensing as Julips made of Burrage-water Plantain-water with Sirrop of Suckery and Sirrop of Burrage and Bugloss and the like Also Broths with Cooling Herbs as Strawberry-leaves Violet Suckery and the like But no Hot Sirrops nor no Sharp Herbs as Sorrel and the like nor no Hot Herbs as Thyme Rosemary Winter-Savery Marjerum or the like Also I should think Almond-milk should be very good for the French barley that is boyled in the Water is both cooling and clensing and quenches out the Fiery Heat and Almonds are healing and smothering But in these Diseases Physicians do most commonly give those Medicines which are very pernicious as Mithridate Brimstone Saffron Licquerish and Hot Cordials those Hot Medicines instead of comforting those Decayed Parts rather inflame them and the Heat therein dissolves and melts them more hastily away But those Medicines are more proper for those that are stopped in their Stomack or Head by Cold which hath congealed the Vapour into Icy Contraction Hot Medicines rarifie it thin again although many times Cold causeth an Unnatural Heat by stopping by Contraction the Pores of the Flesh keeping in and hindring the Smoke of the Body from breathing forth which Smoke smothers the Inward Parts causing thereby a Suffocating Stoppage whereupon Cold Medicines give the Patient more ease than Hot as it hath been found by Experience But for those Coughs that proceed from a tickling Rheum from the Head the best Remedies are Issues the next is letting a little Blood the third to give the Patient Cooling Medicines such as I named before especially Almond-milk for it doth not onely quench the Unnatural Heat but it allayes and tempers the salt and sharp Vitriols that are most commonly mixed in those Rheums Yet there must alwaies be a care that they do not weaken the Stomack by over-cooling Drinks wherefore they must drink but a little at a time and at certain times as not upon a full Stomack but when the Stomack is most empty for then it works better Effects and hinders not Digestion Likewise in Consumptive-coughs the Patient must not use any Violent Exercise so as to heat the Body but must use Moderate Exercises Likewise their Meats must be light of Digestion and rather to eat Boyl'd-meat than rosted and rather Flesh-meat than Spoon-meat provided that they be Fine Meats as Pullet Chicken young Turkyes Partridges and the like young Rabbits are also good and Pigs Lamb and the like but not to eat too much at one time nor to eat untill they feel the Meat digested for Ill Digestion causeth an Unnatural Heat and breeds the Body full of sharp Humours As for Chine-coughs those Medicines must be applyed as do expell Wind and to purge away the raw and unconcocted Humour that produce Wind. Of the Disease called the Small-Pox SMall Pox or the like Diseases are caused either by Superfluity of Humours for the Body having more than it can discharge it lyes and corrupts Or else by an Evil Diet or an Ill Digestion which breeds more Humours than Good Nourishment or by great Heats or sudden Colds Of this Disease many dye that would otherwise live if they were rightly ordered in their Sickness unless the Corruption hath taken hold on the Noble Parts before it begins to break forth and then there is no Cure Otherwise I believe it is as easy a Cure as any Disease if Moderation be used for those that strive hastily to throw out the Corruption by forcible Medicines as those Medicines that are hot do like those that take out Dirt out of a Ditch not taking time to sling it far enough and to disperse it several waies throw it on a high Heap on the Verge or Edge of the Ditch and being too great a Quantity to consist in one Body or to keep one place falls back again carrying some part of the Bank or Earth it lay on along with it So in the Diseases of the Small-Pox striving to cast out the Corruption it falls with greater Violence and deadly Effects back again Besides most commonly this Disease is accompanied with a Feaver and all hot Medicines increase a Feaver and many times it is a Feaver that kils and not the Pox And it is to be observed that where one lives that hath very Hot Medicines applyed to him ten will dye But in these Diseases there must be applyed gentle dilating Medicines and those that are smoothing and healing as Possets made with very small Alc with Figs Rasins and Lickerish boyled therein Also a little letting Blood is very good especially if they be Feaverish although some account it deadly but certainly it is a safe Remedy As for Purging Medicines they are very dangerous for drawing in the Humour but a Vomit is not amiss for that doth rather cast forth than draw inward neither must they keep them too hot in their Beds nor too cold but of a temperate heat Gargarizing is also very good in this Disease for it doth not onely purge the Head of Corrupted Humours where it is most commonly over-charged but it keeps the Throat safe and clear from Scabs or at least mollifies them Of Violent Actions ALL Dry Bodies may use more Violent Exercises with less Danger than Moyst where Heat and Moysture produceth Corruption where to Dry Bodies the Heat onely makes it more dry but not corrupts The onely Danger is Violent Exercise to Dry Bodies may wast the Radical Moysture or inflame the Spirits which produceth Frantick Feavers But when a Moyst Body is over-heated the Blood is apt to putrisie the Humours to corrupt the Fat to melt Vapours to arise this produceth Small-Pox Meazels Plurisies Collicks and very often Consumptions by disordering or melting the Noble Parts in the Body but especially if a sudden Cold be taken upon a great Heat for the sudden Cold strikes the Heat so violently inward as Extraordinary Motion doth either
I mean those that are Studious and Learned such as have been bred in the Famous Universities and have received the Honour of Learning as Batchellers and Masters of Art or Doctors by which Honourable Title they are allow'd to practice as having arrived to the height of that Science To these Honourable and Learned Persons I offer up that Work to their Grave Judgements knowing from them it shall never receive Injury nor Affronts of Scorn nor Rudeness for those that are Learned and Understanding are Just and Civil not wresting the words crookedly nor reading them impatiently but weighing the Rational Probabilities justly measuring the Sense rightly applying the Use aptly esteeming the Owners respectfully and commending them civilly When those that are Ignorant condemn and cry down all they understand not and the rudely spightfull or the spightfully rude strive to detract and disgrace all those they think worthy of Praise or Commendation Of Fruits MOST are of Opinion that Fruits are cold which we find contrary by the Effect for Wine which is made of Fruits is hot as of Grapes Rasberies Cherries StrawberrieWine and Sider and Perry which are made of Apples and Pears is hot like Wine too for it will make a man drunk if he drink enough of it as well as Grape-wine or of any other Fruit but some will say it is the spirits that are prest out which are in the Liquor and by lying the spirits grow stronger and so become hot which otherwise were not but I answer to that that the pressing with the Teeth makes the Liquor not less hot than another Press doth and for the Age it may grow the hotter for being sharpened but we find that it is very hot in the Press or Vat for the very Steam where they are prest will make men drunk and they will go into the Liquor new prest finding a benefit in curing cold Diseases but no question some Fruits are hotter than others though none are cold by having more or less spirits but all spirits have a sufficiency of spirits to heat and the spirits lye in the Liquor not in the Solid parts for all spirits dwell in the thinnest Bodies or Parts and are the subtillest in Operation now may the solid part of Fruit be cooling when the spirits which are the thinnest Juice are hot as being baked roasted or boiled where the effect of the Fire hath evapourated that Heat But this Opinion is begot by seeing many women which eat much Fruit become pale and sickly so men by drinking much Wine will become pale and full of Diseases and many times will have the contrary operation of Complexions and become very Red though the inward cause is all one for in some it soaks and dries up all the Blood or rarifies too thin which makes the Face pale and in others it burns and crusts the Blood which makes the Face Red and Pimpled so that it dries the Body by the Vitriol Humour and burns the Body by the unnatural Heat therein Another Opinion why they hold them cold is by the often Surfets many fall into by the much eating of it and the reason they give is because it is so cold it cannot digest I answer that Surfets are caused by the Quantity and not so much by the Quality for there are many that surfet of strong Wines by over-charging their Stomacks therewith and so in all Meats which otherwise are good and wholsome if not immoderately taken but according to their digesting Stomacks for some will surfet of that Quantity as others shall not with ten times more such difference is in the Natures and Constitutions of Men. There are many things by the effect cooling by being applyed outwardly which applying inwardly work the contrary for Vinegar cooleth outward Inslammations but shal increase an inward one being too tender for so sharp a Medicine and all things that corrode make too much Motion and all Motion heats All Limmons Citrons Oranges Pomegranates Barberies Currans and the like are accounted very cooling being inwardly taken and also very wholsome which may be very good and effectual being applyed to such Diseases as require a sharp Medicin thogh not cooling But if they were cooling by their nature as there is no great reason to believe it having as much Spirits as other Fruits have by reason of their fulness of Liquor though I do not say that all sorts of Liquor are full of Spirits but such Liquors of such Natures yet by the effect inwardly it heats for the very corroding Quality inflames the Blood more than the Nature can cool for all things that are sharp have an ingraving Quality or Faculty not onely to cut away Rotten and Superfluous Humours but to eat upon the Noble Parts Of Roots ROots are more nourishing than Fruits by reason they have in a degree as much moysture as Fruit and have not that acuteness which Fruits have which cause not so many Spirits but are soberer in their operations and firmer for whatsoever hath much Spirits can never nourish much because it grows too near the nature of Fire but it fits and prepares for Nourishment knitting clensing and strengthening the Digestive Parts but those things nourish most where Heat and Moysture are equally mix'd which Roots come nearer to than Fruits Of Herbs ONE would think there should be but little nourishment in Herbs by reason they are so much inclining to the nature of the Earth which is of a drying Quality but we find it otherwise by the feeding and fatning of Beasts which live upon the Herbs of the Field But some may say that that which will nourish Beasts will starve Men as Hay and the Leaves of Trees and the like But I answer It is onely Custome which hath made it not agreeable with the Stomacks of Men and by that reason maketh ill digestion and so nourisheth not But it is not alwaies the Meat that causeth ill or no nourishment but sometimes the Stomack for an Ill Stomack shall corrupt Wholsome Meats and a Good digestive-Stomack shall convert Unwholsome Meat to Good Nourishment but may endanger the Stomack in using it often not being accustomed to it before But of all Vegetables there are none that have so many and so excellent Qualities as Herbs not onely for curing both inward and outward Diseases but in preventing Diseases besides the nourishment of Men and Beasts But there are many that will choose places for their Habitations to live in for the Air though they be incommoded much otherwise and want the Varieties of Pleasures to entertain their Lives withall for many think Long-life though it be spent dully Pleasure enough But the Trouble and Care to keep Health and the Fear to lose it makes the Life not onely dull having their Thoughts onely imployed upon that but troublesome and full of vexation with barring themselves of those things that otherwise they would willingly enjoy Thus we make Life worse than Death if truly considered for Death frights more than
no Physician shall be allowed to study more than one Disease or at least practice the Cure but of one lest they make by their half-knowledge and understanding a Confusion in the Body for want of Experience Item That all Sutes shall be heard pleaded and decided in the space of half a Year Item It shall be Death for any to sell Land that is any waies engaged or entangled lest it should ruin the Buyer thereof Item That all Landlords and Freeholders shall be bound to plant Timber for Ships Hemp for Sails and Tow for Cordage if the Land be an Isle Item There shall be a set Stipend for Wages Fees Rewards Sales or Purchases also of all Merchandizes that Cosenages Briberies Extortions and the like may be eschewed Item That none shall execute the Function of two several Trades nor be imployed in more than in one Office lest they should perform none well Item That no Alchymy-Lace nor Stuffs nor Counterfeit Pearls Diamonds and the like shall be worn nor sold unless the Counterfeit be sold at as high a price as the Right or the Right to be sold at as low a rate as the Counterfeit and as different Sexes are distinguished by their Habits so different Habits should distinguish different Qualities Professions and Degrees Item That all degrees of Titles shall be distinguished by their Habits and Ceremonies as well as by their Arms Titles Patents and Creations Item No Men shall wear Swords in time of Peace but Gentlemen and in the Wars there shall be some differences of Arms to make distinction Item That no Officer neither in Martial Command nor Civil Government shall be chosen or imployed but such as have Abilities to execute their Authorities and able to discharge their Duties Item Rewards shall be as frequent as Punishments lest Industry should grow careless and the Flame of Heroick Spirits be quenched out Item None shall make Great Feasts and Sumptuous Entertainments but for Forein Persons of Quality or Strangers that travel to see the Kingdome where they may see the Plenty Riches and Magnificence thereof that they may not despise it when they return to their own Native Country but give cause to renown it in their Relations Item All Detracting or Slandering Tongues shall be clipt and the more the Detraction or Slander is the greater slices shall be cut therefrom Item That the People shall have set times of Recreation to ease them from their Labours and to refresh their Spirits Item That all Noble Youths shall be bred by Experienced Age to perswade admonish and correct by Grave Authority instructed by Virtuous Examples taught Honourable Principles and the practice of Heroick Actions their onely Play-fellows shall be the Muses the Grave and Sober Companions the Sciences the Domestick Servants and Acquaintance the profitable and usefull Arts for the Life of Man As for the generality of Youth they shall be bred to Silent Attentions Sober Demeanors Humble Obediences Handsome Customes and Gracefull Arts As for the meaner sort of Youth to Trades of Arts and Arts of Trades for the use and benefit of the Commonwealth Item No Children shall speak before their Parents no Servants before their Masters no Scholars before their Tutors no Subject before the Prince but either to answer to their Questions to deliver a Message or to know their will and pleasure to declare their Grievances to ask pardon for Faults committed or to present an humble request in the most humblest manner unless they command them to discourse freely to them yet not without a respect to their Presence and Authority Item For the Generality none shall speak but to ask rational dutifull and humble Questions to request just Demands to discourse of probable Arguments to defend Right and Truth to divulge Virtue to praise the Meritorious to pray to Heaven to ask Mercy to move Pity to pacisie Grief to asswage Anger to make an Atonement and to instruct the Ignorant Item All shall be accounted Wise that endure patiently that live peaceably that spend prudently that speak sparingly that judge charitably that wish honestly and that obey Authority Item All Men that may live quietly at home and travel to no purpose or that neglect their own Affairs to follow the Affairs of other Men or decide those Mens Quarrels they shall have no thanks for or live upon hopes of great Fortunes of high Favours when they may feed upon present Comfort and enjoy humble Delights in that Estate and Condition they possess shall wear a Fools Cap and a Motly Coat Item That none shall live at a greater Expence than their Estate will allow and maintain Item That all Spendthrifts shall be condemned for Fools all Gamesters for idle Miscreants all Drunkards for Mad-men a Bedlam provided for the Drunkards a Bridewell for Gamesters and an Hospital with Long Coats for Spend-thrifts Item All Men that beget Children shall strive to provide for them by their Thrifty Managements or Industrious Labours Item No Man shall Father a Whores Child or Children unless he were sure he were the Father which few can tell otherwise it makes a Wise Man seem a Fool as being facile Item It shall be accounted not only a double Crime but a Baseness equal to Cowardise and a disgrace equal to a Cuckold for a Gentleman to court or make love to a Common Whore who is an Alms Tub of Corruption but if a Gentleman must or will have a Whore let him have one of his own making and not feed upon Reversions Item That no Husband shall keep a Houshold Friend lest he should make love to his Wife and he become a Cuckold thereby Item No married man or Master of a Family shall kiss or make love to his Maid nor Serving-men to their Mistrisses lest they should grow idly Amorous impertinently Bold rudely Saucy neglecting their Duty to their Mistris or Master through scornfull Pride Item In all publike Company all Husbands shall use their Wives with Respect unless they dishonor themselves with the neglect thereof Item No Husband nor Wife although but a day married shall kiss each other in publick lest it turn the Spectators from a lawfull and wholsome Appetite of Marriage to a gluttonous Adultery or weakning the Appetite so much as to cause a Loathing or an aversion to the Wedlock Bed Item No Wife shall entertain an Admiring Servant lest her Husbands and her own Reputation be lost or buried in his admiring Courtships nor their Hearts to receive and return Love to none but their Husbands no not Platonick love for the Conversation of Souls is a great temptation to Amorous Friendship indeed the Soul of a Platonick Lover is a Baud to the Body Item That Dancing be commendable as a gracefull Art in Maids or Batchelors but shall be accounted an Effeminacy for married Men a May-Game for Old men and Wanton Lightnes for Married Women Item That no woman of quality should receive Visits or give Visits but in publick Meetings nor have any