to keepe his body in right good plight and order For as Galene witnesseth The keepinge of a good temperamente and order is a singuler ayde and helpe to conserue the naturall faculties and to cheerishe the spirites And as vnkindly blastes and vncouth whyrlewyndes do sondrywyse affect our bodyes and not of men onely but also of Beastes Corne and Plants eyther throughe their tomuch moystnes or tomuch drynesse or finally by their nipping cold or parching heate Euen so the Spirites within vs eyther throughe their aboundaunce or qualitie engender bringe forth sondry affectes in vs and manifestly alter y state aswel of body as of mind For where the Spirites be grosse thicke and cold it happeneth the minde to be ouerclowded as the dymmed Sunne not to shyne brighte out And this is the reason that persons in this sort affected haue duller wittes and blunter capacities For proofe wherof we are to see and consider such as are borne and bred neere to the Pole Articke ycie Sea who for the most part are very huge stronge bodyed but for witte and learning mere doltes Asseheads albeit this Nacion through the greate care singuler wysedome of the moste noble Prince Erick kinge of Svveden is nowe trayned to more ciuill order haue their mindes wyth goodlye qualityes right vertuously adourned But such as haue their Spirits moderatelye cold are persons constant sted fast and faythfull to deale withal and euery thing which they ateÌ„pte is aduisedlye and earnestly done so that lightlye they wil not start from their once conceyued opinion but by reason of their coldnes fayntnes of heate excepte industrious education cause the contrary commonly they be not very quick witted nor of very precise iudgemeÌ„t neither yet craftye and deceitfull nor such as by suttle driftes wylinesse seeke to supplaÌ„te and vndermyne their ennemie But they that haue moyst spirites so that the same be moderate eyther by the nature of the region or quality of the ayre where they dwell are quicke and readye conceyuers of anye thinge but not long retayninge the same in memorie but forgetting as quicklye as they conceyue speedelye Euen like to very moyst and softe waxe that wil not easely take anye printe or forme And therefore they bee oblyuious sleepie vnapte to learne Artes and oecupations dull witted and grosse headed and as they haue bodyes burlye bigge moyste so is their memorie ill and forgetfull which iudgement is also to be giuen of those bodyes which bee constituted in a vehemente drynesse And hereuppon it commeth that olde men by meanes of their drynesse ioyned with coldnes are obliuious so are ChildreÌ„ likewyse by reasoÌ„ of theyr tomuche moystnes And these qualities make men also fearefull timorous and faintharted in repulsinge and sufferinge mishappes and aduersitie which is a thing peculiar to women-kinde Notwithstanding education institution and discipline altereth the vsuall nature and ordinary conditions of euery Region for we see the common sorte and multitude in behauiour and maners grosse and vnnurtured whereas the Nobles and Gentlemen altering theyr order diet and digressing from the common fashion of their pezantly countreymeÌ„ frame themselues theirs to a verye commendable order and ciuill behauiour But if this moystnes bee with measurable heate somwhat warmed as it is in them which dwel in playne and open Countryes where fewe Trees grow as in Zeland where coÌ„monly in wynter the people be greeuously nipped with cold in SoÌ„mer scorched with parching heate those countreymeÌ„ I say as they haue bodies big stroÌ„g toyling painful laborious burly limms boisterous meÌ„bers rough skiÌ„nes so likewise haue they miÌ„ds stubborne churlish testie vncurieous clubbish vnmanerly notwithstanding they be of iudgemente sharpe of industrious forecast for tradê of marchanÌ„dise very ready and skilful and in their dealings right warie and cyrcumspecte The rest of the Low CouÌ„tryefolks being better stored with Trees ouershadinge and defendinge them from wynds and which dwell in soyles of holesomer ayre wherin is lacke neither of pleasauÌ„t running ryuers or delightfull Springes of freshe water to fructifye the same are of mylder nature not so blunte as the others but of them some be wyser and fitter to atchieue any waighty matter then other some be So the Flemynges for pythynesse in their speach and subtility of inuention are very excellent Brabanders setting asyde all sternenes and seuerity wyth their deceÌ„t meery natures and freÌ„dly curtesye winne the hartye good willes of men yea wyth a certayne pleasaunte grace facility of speach and allurementes of woordes they ordinarily enterlard their grauity But if the breast and brayne bee endued wyth a Spirite perfused wyth temperate moysture and heate such as be of that speciall constitution are in their dealinges watchfull sharpe industrious in forecast quicknes of wit industry of nature excellencie of learninge notable vtteraunce and flowinge eloquâ—nce surpassing other men Finally such personnes wil beare in memorie a long time things past and will not lightly suffer any grudge to grow out of remeÌ„brauÌ„ce And if any wronge bee done vnto them they will reuyue the memory therof after many yeares yea so destrous bee they of reuenge that they will not forgette a priuate grudge or offence euen amonge themselues Which affection I do ascribe vnto heate which doth so exceedinglye exulcerate distemper their mynds wyth indignacion that humour and moystnes is not able to alay queÌ„ch and qualefye it So vnstayedlye for the more parte be the myndes of this people caryed with wilful motions somewhyle inwardly and closely keepyng within theyr owne brestes theyr conceyued deuises and somewhyle openly to the world bursting out in hoate termes of outrage VVith choler hoare and raging fittes their brestes so boyle and svvell That pipkins full of purging drouges can neither quench ne quell Neere approching to them in quality but yet somewhat differing are Englishmen who being of heate more weake and lesse boylinge as the which is well enter medled ouercome and qualefyed by moystnes are of stature comely and proportionable of body lustie and well complexioned But to the studies of humanity not so greatly giuen and in exquistie Artes not so well furnished But if they hold on their course as they beginne I meane to apply theyr mindes to worthy and excellent matters theyr dexterity for the attaynment of any notable atchieuaunce surpasseth and theyr forwardnes to anye Artes or mysteries is fouÌ„d to be right apt inclynable And because they haue somwhat thick spyrits sleÌ„derly perfused wyth heate they wil stomacke a matter vehemently and a long time lodge an inward grudge in their heartes whereby it happeneth that when theyr rage is vp they will not easily be pacifyed neither caÌ„ theyr high and hauty stomackes lightly be conquered otherwyse then by submission yelding to theyr minde and appetite But if the spyrite through heate of the hearte
is to be bee noted that these complexioned personnes be of stature meane bigge set rather then tall graunde paunched stroutingly bellyed which commeth partly by nature and partly by the custome and order of lyuing by ydlenesse and ease wante of exercise bolling swilling longe sleepe and manye wayes besyde whereby the body groweth and becommeth burly fat and corpulent I could heere recite al the other tokens of ech seuerall part of mans body that is of this moyst constitution and complexion as the Nose in a maner camoysed and flat wyth the grystlie end bluÌ„t and bigge swollen and blowen Cheekes rounde Chinne many signes moe but they do shew the seuerall nature and quality of ech singuler parte by it selfe and not of the whole bodye in generall so that we may not by one small part geue iudgment of the whole body but of euery proper inâ—ber speciall consideration must be taken albeit for the most parte they resemble and participate in nature and temperament wyth their chiefe and principall Entraile that is to say the Heart and Lyeuer Concerning the inwarde notes and tokens of the mynde Men of this Complexion as theyr mynde is nothinge quicke so neyther is theyr tongue being the interpreter of the same prompt readye or quicke because it is so drowned in ouermuch moysture that it is not well able to aduaunce and set out it selfe in good and cleane vtteraunce their wit neyther sharpe nor fine theyr courage base and nothing haultie not atteÌ„ptinge any high enterpryses nor caryng for any glorious and difficult aduentures and the cause is for y heate whych is the thing that pricketh forward emboldeneth to take in hand worthy attempts is in them very weake and small for this cause are meÌ„ quicker witted deeper searchers out of matters and more diligente and rype of iudgemente then women for a woman compasseth and doth al thinges after a worse sort and in goyng about affayres and making bargeins hath not the lyke dexterity and seemelynesse that a man hath And vnto this ende apperteyneth and may be referred that saying of the wyse man. It is better to be vvith an ill Man theÌ„ vvith a frendly VVomaÌ„ c. Whych is by reason and effecte of heate which whosoeuer lacketh or els haue feeble and faynt are for the most part persons effeminate nyce teÌ„dor wythout courage and spyrite sleepie slouthfull weakelings meycockes and not apt nor able to beget any Children because their Sperme is too thinne and moyst and therby vnable to peece and ioyne together wyth the womans seede generatiue For albeit the desire of carnall knowledge and venerous actes for the most parte proceedeth of a slypperie moyst dispositioÌ„ of body and is to persons of this temperature lesse hurtfull then to others yet forasmuche as this moystnes humour is slowly forced forward by heate and the members of generatioÌ„ not filled with swelling spyrit it foloweth that they be vnto carnall coiture fuÌ„bling slow not greatly therto addicted neither therein take anye greate delectacion or pleasure And hereupon it happeneth that fat womeÌ„ and corpulente haue greater desire to fleshly concupiscence and bodely luste in Sommer then in Wynter because in SoÌ„mer heat enkindleth moysture styrreth vp Venus but in men coÌ„trarily it quencheth it for manly strength by immoderat heate is resolued and enfeeblished Likewyse these herbes Thyme Rue many others that be very hoat dry queÌ„ch and take away in men all desire of carnall lust because they wast the generatiue humour whereas women therby are much prouoked stirred to venerie by enforcing heat into theyr secret parts pryuities And for this cause wheÌ„ y Genitoryes or meÌ„bers of generation begin once to grow into coldnes that the generatiue humor is not forced nor calefyed by natural heat then are such things good to bee mynistred to the parties as are of power able to stirre vp the loynes with a certaine tickling coÌ„cupisceÌ„ce to prouoke the genital seede with desire to be expelled Now how such persoÌ„s may keepe theÌ„ selues in bodely health cleare free froÌ„ sicknes heere meane I briefly to decyâ—hre First because health consisteth in a teÌ„perameÌ„t of hoat moyst this coÌ„stitutioÌ„ ought to vse a moyst diet that is to saye such nourishment foode as is therunto famyliar much of affmity such whert in is reasonable good store of heat of which sorte is sweete wyne Mylke Rye breade Rere egges Veale Porke Pigge bigge laÌ„bes waterfoules beanes Chestnuts Chitchpease Dates Reyss Figges Almonds Pyne apple kernels haÌ„ginge sweete grapes such as Muskadell grapes are Sea fish Braynes AmoÌ„g garden or pot herbes Lettice Arrage Rape Parseips Carets Melons Cucumbers but good heede must be takeÌ„ y he vse not to eate toâ—much of any of these for feare of making the body excede to much in moystnes For by ouermuch moyst diet fare Phlegme cold â—aÌ„my humours causing sundry dauÌ„gerous diseases be engeÌ„dred to wit y Apoplexie CraÌ„pe through fulnes or els abundante of Phlegme browsy euil Palsey falliÌ„g Sicknes AstonmeÌ„t insensiblenes of the lymmes when as the power Animall is so venummed and depryued of his function that all sense of feelynge and moouinge is taken away and a man sodainly thereby as it were by some preseÌ„t reueng sent to him by Gods great wrath is styfled This bodye therefore must be conserued wythin the boundes and rules of healthynesse and temperaunce vsing expedient exercyse and shaking away al slouth and ydlenes specially it shal behooue him to haue good regard orderly to euacuate and purge his bodelye excrements to go to the Stoole to pysse to aryse betymes in the morning and frequente some conuenient exercyse and by vsing a somewhat vehemente motion or walkinge to styre vp his inward or naturall heate As concerning Sleepe in this body it ought to be moderately vsed not exceedinge the space of vi houres at the furthest For it is better to Sleepe lyttle and somewhat wyth watching to soke away humous then immoderatly to bolne swell and therewyth throughly to be cloyed As for example we see those which geeue themselues too much to bellycheere and Sleepe to become therwyth so grosse and corpulent that their Chinne hangeth downe danglinge and ioyneth to theyr breast and as the Poet Persius sayeth Their paunch and gullet vvith fat beares out A good foote and halfe of assise about Whereby it happeneth that suche persons are oftentimes euen vpon the sodaine cast into diseases For their veynes and arteryes being slender and streict and also voyd of bloud and Spyrite theyr natural heate is quickly and for euery light cause oppressed and styfeled which thing is ment by Hyppocrates where he sayth They that be by nature very porzy grosse liue as long as they that be slender bodyed because theyr pores bee wyde and their conceptacles of bloude large so that lightlye no outwarde or inwarde causes
being otherwyse so wōderfully seuere and crabbed yet at the wyne was so pleasaunt and conceiptuous hee merelye aunswered that he was like to a kinde of Pulse called Lupines Which kinde of Pulse although they be naturally bitter and by their bitternes of force to kill wormes yet the same being steeped soaked in water renounce and leaue all bitternes and become both sweete pleasaunt And this is naturally giuen to all men that when the body is refreshed wyth meate and drinck al bitternes sorrow and heauines is expelled and banished For the Spirites by moderate drinking of wyne are styrred vppe and the mind of man which in them that be fasting and hungry is faynt weake and like vnto fier raked ouer wyth ashes almost quenched is reuyued And this is the cause why a dead body is heauier thē a lyuing because all his Spirites are vanished and departed out of him and so likewyse is a fasting persō heauier then one that hath filled his belly and one that slepeth waightier then one that watcheth And therfore my fashion is to aduise and counsell Melācholique folkes and sullen natured personnes to vse banquetting and good cheere amonge honest and mery cōpany For thus after Plato wryteth the Poet. Euen olde Dan Catoes stomacke oft By vvyne vvas made to come aloft Which man although churlish sterne frowning yet did wyne so much driue away his naturall seueritye and grimme countenaunce that amonge the other guestes he became a pleasaunte companion and of manners very gentle and familiar For this worthy Gentleman although otherwise he was a very precise comptroller and of Stoicall grauity perceyued wel ynough that mās nature required som relaxatiōs delights and that it may not lōg cōtinue wythout som myrth pleasaunt recreation Let therefore euery man take surueigh of himself and serch out what his nature most desitreth in what state his body stādeth what thinge it is that he feeleth himselfe to be holpen and what to be offended wythall And if he finde the plighte and state of his bodye to be in equability and perfect temperatenes it shal be good to cheerishe and preserue it wyth his like but if it shrinck from his sayd temperate habite and decline to an intēperatenes then had it neede to be holpen and recured wyth his contraryes Thus if a man throughe aboundance of humours and stoare of bloude and Spirites feele himselfe prone to carnalitie and fleshlye luste let him by altering his order diet enioyne to himselfe a more strict ordinary frame his dealings to a more stayed moderation But if hee feele himselfe to bee of nature somewhat sulleyne and sterne giuē somwhat to be wayward whyning testye churlishe and intractable then reason wylleth suche a one to bee reclaymed to an order and trade of life gentler and pleasaunter insomuch it shall not be ill for such a one to frequent daūcing singing womens flatteryes alluremēts and embracings prouided alwayes that all the same be not otherwyse done nor ment but in honestye and comelines wythin a reasonable measure also within the bounds of lawfull wedlock For the state of Matrimony as Columella aduoucheth out of Xenophōs booke of Household is in such sorte appoynted by nature that in it is conteyned not onely the pleasaūtest but also the profitablest societye of life And least mankinde in processe of tyme should come to an vtter ruine and decay it pleased God by this lawfull meanes to ioyne man and woman together that of theyr inseperable combinacion the state of man should might by mutual helpe one of an other be eased and cōforted and that beside the loue and desire that they haue to bring furth children they mighte be tyed and bound together equally and indifferentlye to participate all fortune whatsoeuer shoulde betyde But for so much as approued and skilfull mē that haue written bookes for the mayntenaunce of mens health generally doe specially set downe these three principall thinges To eate moderately and leaue somevvhat vvith an appetite To vse conuenient exercise And to liue continently vvithout vvastinge seede of generation I take it to be the best waye to reduce the whole substaunce of the matter mayntenaūce of health to this prescribed rule and direction For seing that measurable repaste and feeding all surphet and glotony being banished maketh a sound body seing I say exercise by shaking of all drow tsinesse and slouth maketh the bodye stronge and liuely then no more but harkē what a short lessō Virgill giueth for the other No better vvaye the strength of minde And povvers thereof still to maintaine Then Venus play and Loue so blinde To shunne and vvarely to refrayne ¶ Of the nature and differences of Spirits what they worke in mans body and what affections they cause The second Chapter FOrasmuche as the Spirite is the originall maintener and conueigher of naturall heate whereunto moysture necessarilye adhereth that the Soule by the mynisterye and ayde thereof perfourmeth her powers and faculties and atchieueth all her actions it is requisite here next to discourse vpon it and vppon all the differences thereof For seinge there be three especiall thinges in whose temperature and moderation the health of mans body doth prīcipally cōsist vz. vitall moysture naturall heate Spirite which combineth all thinges and imparteth his force vertue nature vnto them our present purpose being considered we cannot by order choose but of necessity must presētly somwhat speake therof Vitall moysture is the nourishmente and matter of naturall heate whereupon it woorketh and by the benefite therof is maintayned and preserued With this Humour or vitall moysture is naturall heate fed and cheerished and from the same receyueth continuall mayntenaunce and from it participateth vitall power whereby all Creatures do liue are nourished encreased preserued procreated Spirite is the seate and caryer of Heate by whose helpe and mynisterye it is conueyed and sente by the conduites and passages of the Arteryes to euery seuerall part of the bodye Wherefore worthyly is this Spirite thought to be the chiefe and principal Instrument that procureth and executeth euery action These three do vnseperably cleaue together mutuallye helpe one an other and cannot be sundered wythout present death of the party and for this cause do wee thus in one definition expresse conclude and comprehend theyr force and nature wythin one definition Naturall heat is nothīg els but an originall humour wyth vitall spirite and heate totally moystened But forasmuch as Spirite conteyneth vitall heate and is of all the faculties ruler and directer spredeth it self most swiftly throughoute the whole body caryeth and extendeth his powers into euery part thereof vniuersally besyde this doth manifestly chaūge and alter the state both of body and minde therefore as the rest require great labour and diligēce vpon them to be bestowed so specially vpon this is the chiefest care to be takē to restore mayntein
and cheerish it For if it be sincere and pure not mingled wyth anye straunge or forrayne quality it causeth tranquillity of minde frameth maners in good order fashiō and finally qualifyeth and calmeth all affections The minde of man to honestie it frames And vvith the loue of vertuous life enflames But if it be any whitte infected or wyth anye vyce soyled then is the quietnes of the minde disturbed and stirred to manye inconuenient enormities For as great blustering wynds vppon the Sea and Lande cause greeuous terrible and raginge tempestes and much other harme to ensue So likewyse if the Spirites be disquieted oute of frame they ingender and procure diuers sortes of affections in the minde carye the same mauger all reason like a shippe wythout guide and Rother vppon the rockes of sondry inconueniences Now the thinges wherewyth our inwarde Spirites are moste dulled quenched and damnifyed are these fulsome Ayre ouermuich carnal copulation vnseasonable watching excessiue heate chafing and labour longe fasting heauines of the minde and sadnesse Accordinge to that saying of the wyse man A mery hart maketh a lustie age but a sorovvfull Spirit dryeth vp the bones Heauinesse bringeth olde age before the times and carefulnes vveareth avvaye a mans dayes But quiet and seasonable sleepe good pure wel relished wyne meery company moderate exercise sweete sinelles and fragraunt sauours refreshe the Spirits quicken and reuiue them yea being dulled and greatly impayred Which is euident to be seene in such as falling into traūces and lying for a time as dead yet by the smell of sweete sauours are broughte againe and recouered into theyr former state For seinge that the Spirite is a certayne vapour effluence or expyratiō proceding out of the humours it standeth vs vppon to vse the moste exquiste diet that may be to th end that the meates and nourishmēts being laboured into good holesome iuyce may make the Spirits pure syncere and perfect And thus sweete ayre pleasaūt sentes deuoyd of grosse and fustie vapours strykinge vp into the brayne do marueylously comfort and clarifye the instruments of the Senses and enable them to do perfourme al theyr proper actions And although the Heart in a mā be as the Wel spring or fountaine from whom the Spirits are deriued because the Arteryes come from it euen as synewes from the Brayne and veynes from the Lyuer yet notwithstanding accordinge to the diuersitye and nature of the place they are called by other names and haue other powers appropriate vnto them Of these and al other faculties reigning in man the principall and oryginall beginning is at the very principles and beginninge of generation to witte generatiue seede and femynine bloude which be afterwarde conserued and maynteyned by nourishmentes euen as the flame is wyth oyle and out of these the Spirits proceede For the better vnderstāding of all which things I will particularly set downe the procreation of the Spirits wyth theyr nature power differēce and effectes beginninge first at the powers and faculties natural For by theyr office is it brought to passe that the meate we eate is concocted turned into the nourishmēt of the body Also ther be foure vertues whereby all lyuing Creatures wyth meate receyued are nourisshed encreased The first attractiue the secōd retentiue the third digestiue and the fourth expulsiue To wich vertues or powers appendant and belonging to all the parts of the body the first chiefe originall of the Spirites oughte to be referred For first assoone as the meate is mynced chawed wyth the teeth it descēdeth into the stomack beinge thither attracted then digested and made substantiall and turned to the proper nourishmēt and encrease of the member And such part or porcion thereof as serueth not to this vse it refuseth and reiecteth Here therefore the Spirite hath his first beginning And if nature be good stronge in this office of digestion it happeneth thereby that the Spirites be made pure cleare and syncere but if concoction bee hindred or any other distemperatnes happen thē is the meate altered and chaunged into vaporous belchinge stinking fumes and fulsome breathing which ascending vp out of the stomack disturbe and hurt the brayne and minde insomuche y such persons are easely quicklye prouoked to brawlinge chiding strife and dissention For when the Humours be not sufficiently and ynough concoted and attenuate vnpure Spirites proceede out of them enforcing a manifest alteration of the state aswell of the body as of the minde And therefore in anye wyse cruditie is to be auoyded because it maketh ill humours troubled Spirits aswell of meates of good iuyce as of those y are bad albeit the diseases engendred by want of concoction of meates hurtfull bee worse and of more daunger For they cause loathsome smelles and fulsome belchings and make the body to breake oute illfauourably in euerye place wyth scabbes botches blaynes and mangmesse For when there is aboundance of humours in the body it cānot be chosē but Agues must nedes bee engendred of that continuall obstruction and putrefaction and stoare of diseases muste needes spring oute thereof vnlesse those excrementes by continual labour and conuenient exercise be purged and the humours reduced into good bloud For then a sweete pleasaūt sente proceding therout comforteth the head and tempereth and connenientlye moysteneth the brayne Otherwyse if concoction be troubled there do strike vp into the head grosse fumie vapours such as by exāple we see greene woode to make that is smered and couered ouer wyth pitch and talowe And hereupon it happeneth that the minde sometime conceyueth straunge and absurde imaginations yea sometimes falleth into dotage rauing madnesse phrensie melancholy furie or some other distemperaunce But if the Stomacke do his parte and office throughly if concoction be not altogether hindered and that the passages aboute the Lyuer and the other partes of the body do giue free passge to the humours then the vaspours ascēding vp into the head are nothing so hurtfull neyther do they greatlye disturbe and trouble the inward minde and yet is not a man altogether cleare and free from affections but they be such I saye as hee hath in his owne power easely to qualifye stay and inhibite Naturall Spirite therefore beinge made of the purest alimente in the Lyuer is the beginninge of the residue For by it is the vitall spirite and the animall also nourished insomuch that the power or facultie animall vseth the spirit natural as an instrument to these great affections and motions whereunto retecting and litle regarding right reason we are many times prouoked For euen as in a ciuill tumulte and sedicious vprore among the common people the Magistrate hath much ado to appease and mollifye the wilfull peoples rage and headinesse so likewise reason is not able easely to subdue the lewd affections and vnbrydled motions that grow by immoderate gurmandyze surphet and dronkennesse
they be but mere meycockes and persōs very effeminate shrynkinge at the least mishappe that happeneth and wyth the smallest griefe and feare that can bee theyr hartes fayle theim they as white as a kerchiefe Which difference of minde stomacke Lucane in the hurlyburlies of the ciuill warres in these Verses expressed and vttered Such as in th' East and scorching Clymes are bredde by course of kind And Countryes influence meycockes soft By daily proofe vve finde The North that colde and frostie it Such vveaklings none both breede The folkes there borne novvarres can daunt of death they haue no dread In this their errour happie they vvhom greatest feare of all Of death I meane cannot affray nor courage once appall They recke not they vvhat brunts they beare they feare not enmyes blade These laddes dare venture life and lymme in manly Martiall trade For whatsoeuer they be that haue thick grosse bloude haue consequently corpulent and stronge spirites and herevppon it groweth that they wil beare a grudge in memorye a longe time and not easelye forgette those motions and heddines that they once take hereuppon also it happeneth that many of them being woūded or hurt in fight vppon the sight of their owne bloude do runne vpō their enemy more fiercely and egrely and bestow theyr blowes more vehemently then afore But they that haue thinne bloude haue also slender spirits and suche as soone passe awaye Such are soone angry at the first very raging but by and by theyr anger is asswaged and cooled and assone as they haue a wound or see theyr owne bloude they are readye to faynte and fall downe But to know how to qualifye brydle and subdue those greate affections and motions of the minde that are engendred by greate heate of the spirites I iudge it not amisse for euery man to search oute by what kinde of Spirit he is most ledde to what motions in dealinges hee findeth himselfe most endaungexed how feruente or how remisse the agitacions of his minde be For by this meanes may those thinges that consist without mediocritie be reduced and brought to temperatenes and moderation Nowe this diuersitie of Spyrites oute of whiche springeth such and so great diuersities of natures and maners conceyue and take sondry alterations at the humours Thus the Soule although it be singuler as Cicero tearmeth it vnigena yet bringeth forth sondry and manifolde actions according to the nature of the Spirites and differences of the instrumentes Hence commeth such and so great variety diuersity in the thoughts desyers affections actions and perturbatiōs in mens minds insomuch that reason and discretition wythoute a speciall assistaunce of heauenlye grace can scarcely tame and represse the same For when the naturall and vitall facultie together wyth the naturall and inwarde Spirites waxe somewhat stronge and partlye by aboundaunce partly by the qualitye of meate and nourishment haue attayned strength and power they reiect and cast away the brydle of reason draw the spirit animal also for they be al deryued out of one fountayne into their faction disordered rebellion Wherby it happeneth that when any lewde deuyse or wilfull thoughte aryseth in the minde of man he is prone ynoughe to runne into dissolute riot libidinous lust filthy and shameful pleasures if he fortune to espy any pretie wēch or beautifull damsell that liketh his phantasie his minde is strayght wayes enflamed and set on fire wyth vnlawfull desyre of her person for the satisfying of his vnbridled concupiscence and by reason of the stoare of humours and cōcourse of Spyrites resorting thither frō euery part of his body his priuities vndecētly swel his mēber of generatiō becometh stiffe so that many times it happeneth mans mind to be ouercome drowned in fleshly concupiscence vnlesse by the speciall grace of Almighty God and by meditating vppon the holsome preceptes expressed in his sacred Word hee stoutlye wythstande the Sommons of suche naughtye desyres This promptnes and inclination to euill is naturally ingraffed in man The imaginations and thoughtes of mans heart sayth Moses are onelye euill and prone to vvickednes euen from their youth and first beginninges But the blessed and most comfortable comming of CHRISTE toke away this blemish who by his precious death and glorious resurrection abolished the calamitie and cancelled the bondes of that myserye whereto Adams transgression had brought vs. The consideration wherof ought in y mindes of all men to worke thus much that because their spirites are prouokers and prickers forwarde both to vices vertues euerye one shoulde wyth more carefull consideracion and heede attende loke to conserue and gouerne them orderly And althoughe the Animall Spirite be more excellent thē the other and before the rest in dignity yet in order is it the later For out of the naturall which resembleth vapour and proceedeth by vertue of the Lyuer from bloud it produceth the vitall whiche is of Aerye nature and mynistreth vnto it nourishment And the vitall doth procreate the Animall which by reason of his thinnesse and subtility is ayrie For it being laboured prepared and made in the contexed net celles and cornerie ventricles of the brayne is greatly wyth sweete smelles nourished and with fragrant things refreshed and cherished From it is fetched and deryued al the power and facultye which the soule hath and from it do al actiōs issue and proceede making the same appliable to all functions Well worthy therefore is this animall spirite deemed the proper instrument of the soule to all the sences for mayntenaunce of mouinge and nimblenes and for preseruation of the strength and firmitie of the Muscles Synewes for it transporteth and diffuseth his vertues and powers as the workemaisters of actions into the Synewes that haue the power of feeling and mouing All the instruments therfore of the Senses indued wyth this power and vertue of the Spirite Animall attayne thereby stablenes for the atchieuement of their functions and charges as for example If the wayes and passages whereby this spirite oughte to goe and haue passage bee stopped affected the power of mouing and feeling is taken away as we euidently note and see to happen in the Apoplexie Palsey Tetanus and many diseases moe And this spirite Animall is conueighed into the Synewes euen like the beames of the Sunne through a cleare shyninge glasse And euen as a fiery heate pearceth and entreth into a glowyng hoate yron that is very hard insomuche that the some therewyth becommeth softe and tractable so dothe the Spirite that is finest and thuinest slylte slyde into the Synewes All thinges therefore that neede feelinge mouing and agilitie requyre the force ayde and power of the spyrite Animall As those that by nourishment are to be maynteyned continued and kepte requyre the naturall and vitall faculties and spirites Hee therefore that woulde preserue his spirites vndemnifyed and them make moste syncere and perfecte must endeuour at any hande
and quality of the ayre or region be very hoate it likewyse bringeth forth and causeth hoate and quicke motions yet such as by reason of their tenuitie and thinnesse by litle litle wil be cooled And this is the cause that some of them when their bloud is vp will rashlye and vnaduisedlye attempte any thinge and not eare for any perills so they may bring to passe what their desire is to compasse Also when they conceiue in minde the doing of any thing as they be at the beginninge marueylous wilful tooto heady with mighte main to set forward their purpose hardly admitting anye counsel to the contrary so againe their minds many times be wauering vnstedfast and vnquiet except their inclinacions by the reyne of reason be the better bridled Their fickle and vnstedie heades novv this novv that deuise They flote in fancie to and fro and vvrangle sondry vvise Which thinge is commonly incident to angry persons and such as be desyrous of reuenge and to suche also as haue somewhere fixed their loue inordinately whose minds flootinge and ballancinge vp and downe with varietie of phantasies are easely and quickly caryed hither and thyther by affection neyther stedfast nor aduysedly resoluing vppon any certaine resolution But this Countrye borne people if they earnestly frame themselues to the attaynemente of anye Artes though the same be neuer so hard and curious yet do they profite in the same wonderfully cary away great commendation Such as haue thinne spirites temperatelye hoate haue sharpe and ready wittes and prompt and flowing vtteraunce vppon whom also these gifts of nature are bestowed that for deuyse and inuention they be very sharpe and ingenious for braue settinge oute and beautifyinge of a matter plentyfull and copious and suche as for the explayning of their meaninges and purposes haue talke and tongue at will. And as touching the inward inclination of their mindes and maners they be liuely felowes lusty dapper nimble lackinge no grace of pleasaunte gesture Manye of them which lacke good bringing vp and haue not beene trayned in learning and ciuilitie are of disposition wauering vnconstant captious deceitfull falseharted destrous of alterations and tumultes babblatiue and full of muche vaine tattling in consultacion and counsell so suttle and craftie that whatsoeuer they once conceyue in mynde or purpose to do without delay that do they iudge best forthwith to be enterprysed out of hande to be atchieued and whereunto so euer they addict their mindes therin proue they right excellente Seing therefore the diuersitie of spirits and the differences of wittes and maners proceedeth of the condition and nature of the Place Ayre Countrey and nourishmente let euery man foresee in himself which way he may best prouide for the maintenaunce of his health and to shunne all such thinges as may in any wise harme annoye crushel or empaire either his health or Spirits It is therefore most expediente to obserue the best order of diet and life that conueniently maye be folowed and to liue in the holesommest ayre For these be the things that restore health when it is decayed or empaired and which make the Spirites most pure and syncere For if the bodye do abounde and be full of ill humours if the Spirites bee vnpure and the brayne stuffed full of thicke fumes proceedinge of humours the bodye and Soule consequentlye cannot but suffer hurte and bee thereby likewise damnifyed Hence proceedeth as from the verye cause such rauing dotage distraughtnes of righte witts hence issueth blockishnes foolishnes madnes and furie in so much that they thinck sometimes to see those thinges that are not before their senses to see and to heare suche woordes as no man speaketh For imaginatiō in them is marred common sense which iudgeth and discerneth all thinges is preiudiced memorye decayed sighte dymmed their eyes dazelled and all the faculties of the Soule that is to saye all the naturall powers whereby it accomplisheth all his functiōs are enfeebled perfourme their offices duties and operations both faintly and remissely But if the Spirite animall be perfectly pure ayrie such as is the sent of Bloud exactlye laboured not onely the sight of their eyes is cleare and good but all the other Senses both external and internall are perfecte and perfourme their functions and ministeries orderlye duelie and conueniently ¶ Of the Spirit vniuersall generally inspired into the whole world all the parts therof Which being from God aboue breathed put into man infuseth and endueth his minde wyth speciall and peculiar giftes And by the waye also in this Chapter is entreated of good and ill Angells which being entermingled with the humours spirites cause sondry chaūges and mutations in mens minds The thirde Chapter THat power of the Spirite which is infused and breathed by God aboue into these lower bodyes is it that disposeth and moueth this frame and masse of the world fostereth strēgtheneth and cheerisheth all that is wythin the compasse and coape of Heauen conteyned stretchinge and extendinge his force farre and wyde For why this gouerneth and ruleth all thinges maketh all thinges fruitfull and vnto the same imparteth vitall heate Neyther is there anye cause why a man should thinck or perswade himself that there is any other power able to do these things then that Spirite by whom from the very beginninge the world and all such thinges as are visiblie seene wyth the eyes and sensiblie perceyued by the sences were brought into so comely and beautiful order For by the VVord of the Lord vvere al things made and by the breath of his mouth al the comlynes beautie and furniture thereof For he doth maintayne and strēgthen al thinges and giueth povver vnto euerye thinge to encrease and multiplye in their ovvne kinde and to maintayne and conserue themselues Thus the wonderfull Creatour of Nature by his word and Spirite put into all thinges y were created a power precreatorie the order of their encreasinge propagation for continuaunce of theyr kinde posteritie and succession y is to witte the Spirite of GOD beinge diffused into euery Creature susteyneth and maynteyneth Plantes and all liuing creatures aswell man as beasts by whom they liue and haue their beinge There is nothinge therefore in the whole worlde but it feeleth the strong power of God is satisfyed wyth the plenteousnes and fulnesse therof For when Heaūe and Earth were made and the first Elemēts that is the first beginnings of things constituted The Spirite of God moued vppon the waters that is to saye made moyste and liquide matter otherwyse barreyne to be fruitefull The very meaning of which saying Basill surnamed the Greate did verye well and liuelye expound in these woordes The Spirit of GOD sayth hee moued vpon the top or vpper face of the water That is to say did nourish and giue a vitall fruitfulnes and a quickeninge Soule to the moyste Element and to all other
Creatures in such sort that all thinges wyth the Spirite of God were moystened warmed euen as a Bird or Fowle that sitteth vpon her egges who gyueth vitall power and heate to that whereuppon she doth sit and couer An example whereof we are to take at a Hen which giueth life vnto her egges bringeth oute frō thence the shape of a perfect creature Now whereas the Spirite of God is said to swymme vppon the waters or to rest vppon a moyst Element this is to be vnderstoode of the fecunditie that is infused and put into it But whereas the vniuersall nature of thinges and all Creatures that breath and haue being do enioy this gifte of Diuine spirit through the vertue thereof haue their essēce yet namely and aboue al others Mē by singuler priuiledge speciall prerogatiue are fully endued wyth all things haue their minds taken out of a porcion of Gods owne spirite as Cicero sayth or rather accordīg to the testimony of the holy Scriptures haue receyued the breath of life and an Image after the similitude of God himselfe The Poet Ouid had from the Hebrevves a litle sparke of vnderstanding touching this opinion and that did he vtter in these Verses Gods Spirite vvithin vs vvorketh still His motions in our hartes vve finde This sacred feede directes out vvill And vvith his povver enflames our mind Which sentence S. Paule beinge studyed in a more heauenlye kind of Philosophie went about to inculke into the minds of the Athenians with intent to draw thē frō their old rooted superstitions inueterate errours to perswade thē in beholding the goodly frame beautiful workemāship of the world with al the furniture and ornamēt therof wherin Almighty God sheweth out to al men a taste or proofe piece of his diuinitie therby to acknowledge his diuine power and by seinge his woorkes to agnyze his omnipotencie For in this sort he preached vnto them God vvhich made the vvorld and all that are in it and is Lorde of Heauen and Earth dvvelleth not in Temples made vvith handes neither is vvorshipped vvith mens hands as though hee needed any thing seing he himselfe giueth life and breath to all men euery vvhere For in him vve liue moue and haue our being as a certaine of your ovvne Poets sayth for vvee are also 〈◊〉 Generation Now man at the hands of his Creatour being furnished wyth such excellent gifts and garnishmentes of minde as first to be endued wyth a natural and internall spirite and then to be moued and inspyred with a Diuine spirite hath also notwithstanding externall spirites recoursing into his body and mynde Men of olde tyme called them by the name of Genij the bookes of the holy Byble termeth them in respect of their office and mynisterye Angels which is asmuch to say as Messengers because they bringe the cōmaūdmentes and will of God vnto vs. S. Paule calleth them mynistring Spirits appointed to certayne offices and purposes and to mynister for their sakes which shal be heyres of Saluation Cicero and others that neuer knew God nor religion aright calleth them familiar or domestical Gods hauing vnder their protection the care of mans lyfe and safetye and giueth them the name of Lares or Penates or Dij Tutelares And of them they make two sorts the good Angels and the badde because the good pricketh a man forward to grace goodnes vertue honesty the other eggeth him to lewdnes mischiefe shame villany and all kinde of loose dishonestie For this is their onely drift and pretence specially to plunge a man in as much mischeife as they can drawe him from God as farre as may be Now for so much as Spirits be without bodies they slyly and secretly glyde into the body of man euen much like as fulsome stenche or as a noysome and ill ayre is inwardly drawē into the body and these not onely incense and pricke a mā forward to mischiefe but also like most pestilent Counsellers promyse to the party reward impunitye By this meanes the wylie Serpente enueigled Adam Sayinge You shall not die therfore but ye shall be as Gods knovving good and euill For the Deuill hauinge his name hereof is most subtile and crafty and lacketh not a thousand sleightes and pollicies to bryng a mā to mischiefe Yea his fetch is slyly to insinuate himselfe into our mindes cogitations counselles and willes albeit it is not easye for him to bring his purpose aboute for so muche as Eod alone knoweth the heartes of men and vnto him onely be all our deuyses and thoughts open and manifest Hee is sayth Paule the discerner of the thoughtes and of the intentes of the hearte neyther is there any Creature vvhich is not manifest in the sight of him but all thinges are naked open to his eyes Which thinge also Dauid declareth God sayth he is the tryer of the verye hart and Reynes That is to saye hee perfectlye searcheth out and knoweth all thinges findeth a way into the most secrete corners and innermost places And hee bringeth in an example taken from the intrayles that bee fardest of For there is nothing in mās body inwarder then the heart and Reynes in somuch that the concocted meate must be conueyghed by many crooked bywayes wyndings before it can be brought thyther Furthermore he specially nameth those partes for that out of them chiefely the thoughtes and cogitacions of the mynde and all lycentious lustes and dissolute desyers do proceede and springe which are not nor cannot lye hyd or vnespyed of God. Forsomuch therefore as these deuilles bee ayrie spyrits and aswell by long vse and practise as also by pollicie of nature are of greate experience and by long tryall know much euen by coniectures and tokēs which they espy in the eyes countenaunce gesture and other motions of the body of man they slylie gather and ghesse the inward dispositions and thoughtes of the mynde whych to a man of great experience and witte is no great hard matter to do And therfore euen as lewde and deceitfull marchaunts practyse all wayes and meanes to spoyle others leauinge no occasion vnattempted to cyrcumuent and catche them at vnwares and vnprouyded so lykewyse the deuilles lye in wayte to catche vs at a vauntage and the godlyer anye one in conuersation of life maners is the busyer and earnester are they wyth theyr poyson to stinge him In such sorte the deuill was not awhit afrayde by al maner of shiftes to tempte euen Christe himselfe thinking to haue perswaded or inueigled him with Ambition Gluttonie or desyre of rule Souereignty Neyther was he ashamed to assaulte Paule also partly carying him into a boastinge and pryde of mynde aboue measure and partlye by incensynge his aduersaryes with spightfull rage and cruelty against him The holy man Iob also was wonderfully shaken vp and driuen to suffer the violent brunts
thinges estraunged from oure bodyes not naturallye in vs engraffed but externally happening and yet nathelesse such as are as apt and ready to disquiet and annoy oure bodyes as those that be naturally planted in vs And these bee Meate and Dryncke wherewyth wee restore all such ouerdrye or ouer moyste substaunce as to the body is requysite And these twayne if they bee eyther immoderately taken or bee corrupte and vnholesome they do engender great stoare of excrements and sondry diseases Next vnto these is the Ayre that compasseth and on eche syde enuyroneth vs which beinge eyther extreemelye hoate or drye or ouermuch moyste or colde causeth enforceth a manifest alteration in the state of the whole body But to come somewhat neere and more aptlye to declare this matter it is to be vnderstanded that the verye beginninges of mans nature and principles of his generation is feminine Bloud Seede generatiue The one as it were of certayne apt conuenient and tractable matter like moyst claye or soft waxe is ready to fashion oute and proportion anye thing that the workemaÌ„ employeth it vnto And the Seede is as it were the workeman himselfe Both these thinges consist and are made of the same generall Elements and conteyne within them the qualityes aboue specifyed but the difference amonge themselues is in the order and measure of their temperameÌ„t For in the seede there is more of fierye and ayrie substance that is to say it is pertaker of aethereal Spirite In the Bloud there is more of watry and earthy albeit in this last the heate is aboue colde and moyst aboue dry For wee maye not say and affirme that Bloud is dry like boanes but to be moist Now is Seede dryer theÌ„ Bloud and yet it is also moyste fluible liquide Thus on both sydes the oryginall of mans generation proceedeth of moyst substaunce yet so that thence is laboured and made other partes of the bodye that be drye as Synewes Veynes Arteryes Bones and Grystles Now that which in the woÌ„be is conceyued and together of those principles fourmed waxing dryer taketh as it were the first lineamentes and proportion of euerye member afterward comming to perfect shape taketh further encrease so groweth to his iuste bignesse and decente quantitye And when it hath raught to his ful growth and bignesse as when the boanes for want of nourishmente are no longer plyable then doth a man ceasse from further growiÌ„g waxeth neither taller nor broader For comely talnesse and length of personage commeth and is caused of the aboundaunce of heate and moysture where the Spyrite is throughlye and fully perfused And if it happen that any eyther old or yong throughe sicknes or some other affect to fal into a cold and dry habite or disposition their bodies become and are leane wrynckled slender illfauoured thinne and lancke and their lymmes weake and crooked It fareth by them muche like as it doth by Horses Oxen or such like beastes that are skanted nipped of their fodder feeding or as it doth by Trees and other greene Herbes that lacke the iuyce of the ground not conueniently watered Therefore a fashioÌ„ that some Scholemasters others that take the charge vpon them to teach and boorde yonge boyes is mee thinckes both lewde vnconscionable who beinge at a playne bargaine and certaine stint of money reasonably agreed vppon betweene theym and the childrens frendes pinche theyr poore pupills and borders by the belly and allowe them meate neyther sufficient nor yet holesome yea not onely beastly sluttishlye nippinglye vse they the seely childreÌ„ but threatninglye enforce them to beare oute the labour of theyr studyes wyth a slender allowance and small pittaunce of vnsauery resty fleshe stinking fish and hoary vinewed bread which thing causeth them to be ill complexioned coloured the shape comlynes and beauty of theyr bodies to degenerate growe out of fashion the quicknes courage lyuelynes and sharpenes of their wit to decay theyr spirits to be dulled al the liuely vertues towardnes of the mynd which before was in them eyther by the benefite of Nature or by the industry of the parentes or finally by the onely special gift of Almighty God to be extinct vtterly quenched insomuch that neyther theyr mynd is enflamed with desire to attein atchieue any worthy atteÌ„pt nether frame they theÌ„selues vnto those thiÌ„gs wheruÌ„to they were inclinable by nature apt towardly As touching the outward case of their body they coÌ„moÌ„ly breake out haue their bodyes pinked ful of scabs by reasoÌ„ of ill humours ouerwhealed engrayled with lothsome blisters blaines byles botches Wherby it commeth to passe that in growth they seldom come to any personable stature to the vse of their ful powers to perfect streÌ„gth firmity of theyr members or to any haÌ„dsom scature or proper coÌ„poâ—â—ioÌ„ of bodily proportion the cause is for that in their tender growyng age being kept vnder by famine and skanted of conuenient meate and drincke theyr natiue moysture which requyreth coÌ„tinual cheerishing mainteynauÌ„ce was skaÌ„ted debarred of his due nourishment coÌ„petent allowance Whereupon the vital iuyce being exhausted speÌ„t they arriue to old age sooner theÌ„ otherwise they should doe are snatched vp by death long before their time Now that affect plight which bringeth the body into a cold dry disposition is called Olde age because it is the cause of corruption decay destruction of all aswell Creatures lyuinge as Plants herbes For death is nothing els but the extinction of nature that is to saye of the naturall Heate naturall Humour In which two things life consisteth to which extinction ende many are brought sooner then they should be either through want and defect of nourishment or throughe vntemperate life as toomuche carnall company with women vnseasonable watchinge heauines of mynde thoughte and manye other causes which hasten old age bring death vnloked for before his time contrarye to the order of age and course of Nature Do we not see many old meÌ„ lusty mery and wel complexioned strong of limmes good footemeÌ„ in their old dayes as fresh actiue as many yong meÌ„ be all which coÌ„meth vpoÌ„ no other cause but that in their youthfull dayes they liued orderly wel and spent not their adolescencie in vnruly riot lechery Againe there be of youngmeÌ„ a great nuÌ„ber weake worne to the bare stumps feeble lame fainte and impoteÌ„t dry as a kixe pale as ashes waÌ„ne colored for that they spent exhausted all the pithe and strength of theyr youth and adolescencye in wanton sensuality disordered riot and immoderate vse of Venerous daliauÌ„ce coÌ„suming therin the very floure and prime of their lusty age For euen as pleasauÌ„t gay March floures in the Springe of the yeare with nipping weather and sharpe Northernelye wynds do fade and
partes and throughlye settling in the boanes and marowe bryngeth the body into apparante consumption But if men of this constitution and complexion do circumspectly looke to theyr health and order their bodyes and minds well and conuenientlye they are healthfuller and lustyer then anye other men and seldome happen to be sicke or to gather anye superfluous aboundaunce of ill humours which bringe putrefaction and corruption to the whole body For the moderate substaunce of naturall heate defendeth and maketh them free from all sickenesses and greeuaunces It is expediente therefore and behoouefull to vse a ryghte orderlye diet and good trade of life And besyde these that serue to the constitution of Mannes bodye there be Sixe thinges which beinge carefully looked vnto and diligently obserued are able to keepe vs in good health so that wee vse and not abuse the same otherwise then orderly and conueniently For the will of God the maker of all things hath put these thinges to dispose at our owne choise and election Galene calleth them causes conseruatorie because they serue are able to keepe our bodies in good state if they bee orderlye and conuenientlye vsed The Phisitions of later time call them by the name of thinges not naturall not for that they bee withoute nature but for y they be thinges that be not naturally within but wythout vs and for that by theyr vse and effect and by the order of their qualitye and measure they do empaire and dainnyflte nature if they bee not well and aptlye vsed Of the which sorte are these Ayre that enclooseth vs Meate and Drincke Exercyse and Reste Sleepe Watch Euacuation and retention and the Affections of the mynde all which natural heate requireth as things necessary and needefull to her conseruation and healthfull mayntenaunce First the Ayre doth somtime slyly and closely sometime manifestlye and apparantlye enter and breathe into the bodye where it either corrupteth or els refresheth the spyrites within sometime with corrupt and stinking sauour and sometyme wyth holesome and sweete afflation And this is to be noted that vnholesome Ayre and contagious or pestileÌ„t sents do more harme to sound health then meate that is of veuemous qualitye For the meate may by vomite be cast vp again wheras the Ayre and all thinges liquide if they once catch possession in the vitall partes and enter into the veynes they settle so surelye and take suche strong possession that hardlye it is to remedy and againe thence to dispossesse them Seing therfore that the Ayre encompassinge and conteyning vs doth so diuersly affecte our bodyes for beside the pestilente exhalations that slylie by it bee conueighed into the lappes of the lunges it either heateth dryeth cooleth or moysteneth to much euery man is to stand surely vppon his owne gard and diligently to loke to himselfe that he be not therby harmed For as to temperate bodyes holesomest ayre is fit and requisite so to bodyes lacking of temperatenes that ayre is to be accompted best wherein contrary qualityes excel Thus to a body that is hoat cold ayre is to be applyed to moyst drye best serueth for cold hoate and for dry moyst and if the same may not otherwyse be had it is expediente by Arte to procure it And therefore in hoate and drye diseases or in verye soultery hoate weather VVhen schorching Doggedayes extreeme heatâ— VVith parching drought and sicknes great In scovvling Skie doth rage and raigne And putts poore seelie vvightes to paine The better to qualefie and mitigate this heaâ—e it shal be verye good to sprinckle on the pauemeÌ„ is and coole the floores of our houses or chambers wyth springing water and then to strew them ouer wyth Sedge to trimme vp our Parlours with greene boughes freshe herbes or vyne leaues which thing although in the Low CouÌ„trey it be vsually frequented yet no Nation more deceÌ„tly more trymmely nor more sightly then they do in Englande For not long agone traueylinge into that flourishinge Ilande partlye to see the fashions of that wealthy Countrey wyth meÌ„ of fame and worthynesse so bruited and renowined and partlye to visite VVilliam Lemnie in whose company and weldoing I greatly reioyce as a father can not but doe and take singuler coÌ„tentatioÌ„ inwardly euen at my first arryual at Douer and so aloÌ„g my iourney toward London which I dispatched partly vppon Horsebacke and partly by water I sawe and noted manye thinges able to rauishe and allure any man in the worlde with desyre to trauatle and see that so nobleâ— Countrey For beinge broughte by D. Lemnie a skilfull Phisicion and wâ—l thoughte of there for his knowledge and experience into the companye of honourable and worshipfull Personages euerye Gentleman and other woorthy Person shewed vnto mee beinge a Straunger borne and one that neuer had beene there before all pointes of most freâ—dly curtesye and taking me first by the hand louingly embraced and badde me righte hartely welcome For they be people very ciuill and wel affected to men well stryken in yeares and to such as beare anye countenaunce and estimation of learninge which thing they that halfe suspect and haue not had the full tryall of the maners and fashions of this countrey wil skarcely bee perswaded to beleeue Therefore francklye to vtter what I thincke of the incredible curtesie and frendlinesse in speache and affabilitie vsed in this famous Royalme I muste needes confesse it doth surmount and carye away the pricke and price of al others And besyde this the neate cleanlines the exquisite finenesse the pleasaunte and delightfull furniture in euery point for household wonderfully reioyced mee their Chambers Parlours strawed ouer with sweete herbes refreshed mee their Nosegayes finelye entermingled wyth sondry sortes of fragaunte floures in their bedchaÌ„bers and priuie roomes with comfortable smell cheered mee vp and entierlye delighted all my Sences And this do I thinck to be the cause that Englishmen lyuing by such holsome and exquisite meate and in so holesome and healthful ayre be so freshe and cleane coloured their faces eyes and countenaunce carying with it and representing a portly grace and comelynesse geueth out euident tokens of an honest mind in language verye smoth and allectiue but yet seasoned and tempered within the limits and bonds of moderation not bumbasted with any vnseemely termes or infarced with any clawing flatteries or allurementes At their Tables althoughe they be verye sumptuous and loue to haue good fare yet neyther vse they to ouercharge themselues wyth excesse of drincke neither thereto greatly prouoke vrge others but suffer euery man to drincke in such measure as beste pleaseth himselfe which drinck being eyther Ale or Beere most pleasauÌ„t in taste and holesomely relyced they fetch not froÌ„ foreine places but haue it amonge themselues brewed As touching their populous and great hauÌ„ted Cities the fruictfulnes of their ground soyle their liuely Springes and mighty Riuers their great Heards and flockes of cattel their mysteries
and lowde reading of bigge tuned sounds by stoppes and certayne Pauses as our Comicall felowes now do that measure Rhetorick by theyr peeuish Rhythmes it will bryng exceeding much good to the Breast and Muscles No lesse ease and profite lykewyse shall a man thereby finde for the openyng of hys pypes and expelling thence al obstructions specially if hee vse himselfe a litle to holde in his breath and pinching together his lyppes wyth his cheekes full blowen to let his breath gushe oute wyth a full sturdye sounde But this in yonge men sayth Galene is to bee moderated till they be at consistente Age and in mornynges when the body is emptye and not infarced neyther wyth the nightly exercyse of venerous pastimes afore wearyed and weakened This Exercyse also of al others is most chiefly coÌ„uenieÌ„t good for them that eyther by imperfectioÌ„ of nature or by negligeÌ„ce of Nurses are crooke-backed For the Muscles of their bulke breast and the lappes or bellowes of theyr LoÌ„ges being drawen together crooked toward theyr backs causeth theÌ„ to be shortwynded which by this meanes is greatly eased they therby made to fetche their wynd a great deale better with more facility Horses of good courage breedâ— when they feele the Spurre with coursinge tramplinge and fâ—tching the capre caryre or curuetty do the very same thinge naturally with their snuffing Nosethrils a tokeÌ„ wherby to know good coragious Horse which men do when they holde in theyr breath stroute out their C. jeekes This trick to make theÌ„ snuffe y Horscorsers vse by pinching them by the Noses and if thereupon they forthwyth puffe and blowe they take it for a certayne signe and sure token that the same horse is good and hath in him no hidden nor secrete fault For if he pace not well if he fling oute wyth his heeles and kicke if he haue a stiffe legge or a blynde eye and such like outward impediment it is euident by sight and loking on to be perceyued by other outward tokens ought and may easelye be found out and tryed I could heere repeate a great sort of other exercises moe as Dyce Tables Cardes but because they bee the pastimes recreations of ydle persons to be done standing still or sittinge and againe be not in y noÌ„ber of coÌ„mendable delights laudable solaces I haue spared in this place to speake anye thing of them For men of good nature and disposition when they haue any spare time from their other earneste busynesse desyre frequente such solaces sportes as are ioyned with honesty such as are the pleasures of the countrye practize of husbaÌ„dry which briÌ„geth with it not only pleasure but profite gaine also the plentifully without any dislykiÌ„g toyle For the master or owner of the ground needes not with his owne handes to moyle toyle digge and delue plough and carte sow harrowe breake cloddes to digge aboute his trees and cleanse awaye the superfluous and hurtful earth sithence he may take lesse paynes by committing the doing thereof to his Hindes and meigniall Hyerlings whom he may dayly ouersee and by word of mouth berke or figne appointe what he will haue to be done and taken in hand Which thing is meant by Terence where he bringeth in one old maÌ„ reprouing an other for drudging and moylinge in his grounde himselfe saying thus The toyle and labour vvhich thou takest vvith thyne ovvne hands if thou vvouldest bestovv the same in ouerseeinge thy folkes and setinge them to their busynesse thou shouldest haue more vvorke done by a great deale The owners foote maketh a fruitfull fielde sayth the Prouerbe and the Maysters eye fatteth the horse Now when we leaue of from exercyse and come to our meate and drincke which restoreth strength we must be very wary carefull that we ouercharge not our stomackes wyth superabundaunce and saciety For as too much abstinence and hunger is oftentymes hurtfull so too much fulnes and saciety is neuer profitable holesome for there wyth the Stomacke is too-much stuffed and distempered with cruditye engendring oppilation and putrefaction the verye breeders and procurers of Agewes and al other diseases To maynteyne preserue bodely health in perfect stay and soundnes all thinges are to be done in due order and by right choyse of iudgement so that according to the precept of Hyppocrates Labour or Exercyse Meate Drynck carnal Acte all muste be vsed in measure and be done in their due time and order Hereby wee see that by his opynion healthynes must take his beginning at Exercyse after which meate and drincke commeth next then Slepe and last of an carnall Act meetest for them sayth Galene â— vsually haue recourse thereto and feele sheve by leaste harme that is for 〈◊〉 Age for so Olde age and dry bodyes it is exceedingly hurtfull and most pernitious Neyther â—â—it without daunger and harme to be frequeÌ„ted of those that be of 〈◊〉 Complexions specially being vsed oute of season or immoderately or when the weather is hote In the Spring time it is more tolilerable and holesome after that the bodye is with moderate 〈…〉 meate and brincke heated and moystened and being also before sleepe For by this meanes the wearynesse 〈…〉 doing is by Sleepe incontineutly 〈◊〉 cased and repayred ¶ Emptynesse and Repletion THis moderation is in other thinges also to be obserued as when the body requyreth with meate and brincke to the refreshed or being wyth humours appâ—ete defyreth 〈◊〉 prouided alwayes that good consideration be had what strength the bodye is of what nature is able to beare and how farre herein a man may safely apuenture Which thing also in well and cyrcumspectly to be waighed and 〈◊〉 of in openyng of Veynes in prouokinge sweate in procuring laskes in skowringe and purginge the Entrailes and prouokinge vomites for in these regard and respecte muste be had both of time age custome nature and Countrey Neither ought any man of custome to vse and try any of these experiences rashly vpon himself except great cause therunto moue him or that he be troubled with much aboundaunce of noysome humours which requyre eyther by purgation or els by euacuation to bee expelled For in euerye CouÌ„try almost there be some which at all seasoÌ„s of the yeare vse to be let bloude or els by scaryfyinge the skinne to be cupped to the no small hindraunce daunger and empechmeÌ„t of their health for together with the bloude which is the treasure of lyfe there passeth out no smal deale of the vitall Spirite whereby the whole bodye falleth into great coldnes and nature weakened therby made lesse hable to performe her woorke and function So likewyse others without any aduyse of the Physitions wyll swallowe Pylles dryncke Purgations whereby they enfeeble their strength and hasten old age before the time The same now and then happeneth to sondry
tryed and prooued by castinge vpoÌ„ them Salt or glasse or Alume for therwith they presently resolue and consume into a liquide substaunce And as men and mute Creatures so also sondry Plantes and great stemmed hearbes are endued with this quality which by reason of their deletory coldnes bringe destruction vnto Creatures as â—eÌ„bane MaÌ„drake Napellus Solanum Mortiferum Aconitum the iuyce of black Popie called Opium which although in respect of their temperament and clementary qualitie they bee colde in the fourth and higheste degree yet by the benefite of vitall heate dissusing it selfe from celestiall thinges into these lower bodyes they doe liue and flourish in a freshe verdure For in euery nature especially humayne there is a certaine celestial or diuine vertue ouer beside that which is constituted of feede and of the feminine bloud For the warme calefactiue Spyrit which a litle afore we sayde was infused into the whole worlde and into all the particuler parts thereof laboureth vppon the Elementes and geeueth life to all thinges and finally woorketh in them that vertue and efficacie whereby throughe propagation they encrease and procreate kindes like to themselues and produce a Creature of the same nature they themselues be For the first procreation of lyuing creatures being produced made of Elementall concretion and of the Parentes Seede which is a portion or parte of the purest best concocted bloude then doth nature whose skilful workmaÌ„ship no hand nor curious craftesmaÌ„ is able by imitation to reseÌ„ble or reach vnto hauing her original diuine supernal applyeth the woorke she hath in framynge bringeth her thinges to perfect passe conueigheth the powers animall wyth the Spyrites vital and vertues effectuall into the matter she hath in hande by whose mynistery shee perfectly finisheth all the lymmes proportioneth all the lineaments fitteth them to the rest of the meÌ„bers of the bodye gyueth such shape proportion to the thinges animated as daily we see represeÌ„ted set before our eyes This wonderfull force of nature which we elswhere haue shewed to yssue flow froÌ„ the most abundant fountaine of Diuinity beinge diffused into ech part of the whole bodye moueth slyrreth the masse thereof directeth gouerneth the mynd and vnderstanding maketh the same applyable to sondry actions by whose benefite and help eueÌ„ those thiÌ„gs do liue haue their being which are stiffe and nummed with cold althoughe heate in theÌ„ be faint feeble which least it should altogether droupe be vtterly extiÌ„guished least thou cold quality wherto the drye is of affinity should toomuch preuaile encrease must be styrred vp excyted with hoate fomentatioÌ„s For wheÌ„ natural moysture is all wasted inward heat extinct theÌ„ death approcheth the whole frame of the body teÌ„deth to dissolution ruine It coÌ„meth theÌ„ to passe eueÌ„ as SalomoÌ„ by an elegaÌ„t apt similitude describeth that when the coÌ„position knittinge together of the body is lewsed a sonder streÌ„gth decayed gone theÌ„ shal maÌ„ be tourned again into dust froÌ„ wheÌ„ce he was taken made the Spirite shal retourne into his euerlastinge dwellinge to God which made it But to theud euery maÌ„ may perfectlye know the nature coÌ„dicion of this coÌ„plexion and constitucion I wil compendiously as it were by the way set downe certaine marks tokeÌ„s wherby it shal easely be knowen A cold ComplexioÌ„ if it be coÌ„pared to a hoate hath al properties coÌ„trary For eueÌ„ as heat beiÌ„g diffused into ech part of the body imparteth his quality vnto the humours maketh the body y parts therof to be of colour ruddie so cold imperteth his quality vnto the meÌ„bers humours maketh the body of colour pale and vnsightly But if we be disposed particulerly to marke obserue al the notes and tokens thereto incident we shall finde in the colde complexioned body all things contrary and diuerse from the hoate For the bodye is pilde and smoth the hayre loose and soft of colour partakinge wyth redde and white and quickly shedding The skinne in touching cold vnder it some store of fatnes For when heat in maÌ„s body is faiÌ„t dul fatnes engeÌ„dreth which as it much happeneth to the feminine Sexe so also breedeth it in many others that liue ydle at ease withoute labour or exercise And for this cause through immoderate coldnes the bodye waxeth grosse fat and corpulent againe by immoderate heate which melteth awaye and dissolueth fat the body is made leane and drye For there be manye thinges not comminge to man by nature or from his natiuitye and beginning but accidentally and otherwise procured as eyther by chaunginge of the ordinary custome of life or by alteration of diet or by heate labour slouth solitarinesse lumpishnes feare sorrowe care and sondry others many wayes chaunginge the state of the body making it somtime slender leane sometime fat corpulent Which thinges also to the making of the colour of the face bodye fayre or foule good or badde are of no lesse force and efficacie For what thinges soeuer do excite and stirre vp natiue heate as Laughter myrthe exercise wyne c. do make the face pleasauntlye freshlye coloured but such thinges as be cold suppresse heate as cold ayre and nypping wynd toomuch drynkinge of water immoderate sleepe ouermuch eatinge of cold meates feare sadnesse carefulnes such like make the body to be white coloured Thus they that be of cold Complexions are white coloured vnlesse this quality grow surmount to an excesse and great intension For then it declyneth to aswart and leaden colour such as we see in men in the cold Wynter the wynde being at North whose cheekes Noses lyppes fyngers and eares are swart and wanne wyth stiffe cold benummed But yet this commodity they haue by colde that it maketh them very hungry greedye of meate and not easely satisfyed albeit they do not well digeste nor concocte it And if the tunicles of their Stomack together wyth the cold haue in them any sowrish or sharpe humour they are in eating insaciable and very rauenous feeders which affecte is called Canina appeteÌ„tia the Dogges appetite or the hungry Sicknes which is qualefyed and taken away by drynking the purest stroÌ„gest Wyne To proue that appetite is sharpened wyth colde maye well appeare by Salades and sondry other sower and tarte Condimentes which wee vse in Sommer season to prouoke appetite wythal And as natiue heate maketh men nymble and actyue so cold causeth them to be slouthfull loytering sluggishe drowsy and vnapt to any labour or exercyse because they lacke the Instruments wherwyth to do any such functions Such persons haue foltering tongues and nothing ready in vtterauÌ„ce a nyce soft and womaÌ„nish voyce weake feeble faculties of Nature ill memory blockish wit doltish mynde courage for lack of heate slendernes of vital spyrit feareful and tymorous at
Yongmen and suche as bee in their flourishinge and lustye Age and full of humours do dye and take their ende muche like as when a great flaming fyer is sodeinlye quenched with great stoare of Water Againe he sayth that Oldmen decease like fyer that of it owne accord quencheth and wythout anye other violence goeth out What a deale of smoake what soote what sparkles do we see fly vp into the ayre what crackling noyse doth the great nuÌ„bre of sparkes make when we assay to quench a light burninge flame or with powring great abundaunce of water to slecke a great heape of woode layed al vppon one fyer Wherby we may coniecte what vehement and painefull struggling what sharpe conflicte what raginge sturre and stryuing is in a Yonge bodye when as throughe violence of Sicknesse or other destenie the lustynesse of his Nature being not yet spent his warme heat and lyuely Spyrites be oppressed and stifled To this ende is that elegante and apt comparison of Cicero For sayth hee as rawe and vnrype apples are not plucked from the Tree but by violence and force but beyng rype fall downe of theyr owne accord or wyth little touchinge So lykewyse the lyfe of Yonge men is taken away with force but of Oldmen by maturitie and rypenes This thought I good heere to enterlace as a thing not greatly besyde my purpose diligentlye aduertyzing all men euen from theyr infancy and childhoode to shunne and declyne all such things as are preiudiciall to their bodyes and harmeful to theyr health whether the same procede of outward or of inward causes Whosoeuer therefore is desyrous to keepe himself from beynge toosoone Old and to prolonge his lyfe as longe as may be must very diligently take heede of many lettes and hinderaunces that damuifye and lye in wayte to preiudice hys lyfe but namely and specially let him haue a carefull eye to keepe himselfe from this Dry plight state of body And by what mennes he may so do after certaine â—â—tes first geeuen whereby to knowe what person is of this Complexion I will briefly and compendiously geeue plaine instructions asking to all Students and personnes politick doubtlesse right 〈◊〉 me profitable and expediâ—â—t to be knowâ—â— All they therfore that eyther of the Nature of their owne bodelye state and Complexion or by any defect in their Parents at theyr byrth procreation or finally by any accidentall myssehappe or custome of lyuing as by waÌ„t of foode thought watch heauynes of mynd or immoderate labour haue commonly bodyes slender and thinne and their shinne where drynesse is great skuruye rugged vnseemely and lancke like vnto hunger-starued horses that lacke meate and attendaunce of colour ill fauoured swarte and yelowe as a Kites foote and at the last grymme visaged sower couÌ„tenaunced faced lyke death fylthy loothsome and leane as a Rake to conclude in all respects resembling the Physsognomy and shape of Enuye described by Ouid. A face like Ashes pale and vvanne a body skraggie leane A learning looke and teeth all furde vvith drosse and fylth vncleane Her Stomacke greenish is vvith Gall her Tongue vvyth venime fraught And neuer laughes but vvhen missehappe or harme hath others caught No vvink of Sleepe comes in her eyes and rest she can none take For fretting carke and cancred care her vvatchfull still doth make Full sore against her vvill it is that any man should thryue Or prosper in his busynesse For that doth her depryue Of all her rest and quietnes thereat the hellish Elfe Doth stampe and stare doth fret and fume and pynes avvay herselfe And to her selfe a torment is for seeking to annoye The vvealth and state of other folkes herselfe she doth destroye And because drynesse feedeth vppon and wasteth all their humour they be thinne hayred and waxe soone bald crooke nayled their voyce feeble and slender and sometime squeakinge by meanes that drynes exasperateth their vocall artery their pulses beatiÌ„g faintly slow gate holow eyed pale lypped shrunken temples hanging cheekes cold cruÌ„pled eares of stature not greatly tal of sleepe which is a most sweete refuge release truce from laboures and cares through distemperature of the braine very litle And if theyr braine be altogether drye and hoate then is theyr Memory nought and in a maner none at all then be they very oblyuious blockeheaded and heauye spyrited For sythens the Spyrits fayle and be defectiue which as cleare syncere vapoure proceede out of purest bloud by the benefit of heate haue great force vertue in directing mouiÌ„g forward actioÌ„s it is not possible that the faculties powers naturall beinge destitute of their forces should performe rightly discharge their due peculiar functions But if the vertue or power Animal be perfect vigorous the brain not altogether destitute of heate theÌ„ is the memory stedfast firme retentiue for as immoderat moystnes causeth forgetfulnes doltish folishnes as in yong Children dronkards appeareth so moderate drynesse with the helpe of measurable heate maketh a good and faithfull Memory highlye furthereth toward the attainment of Prudence Wysedome For a drye brightnes induceth a mynde full fraught wyth wysedome the more store of moystnes that is therein the lesse is the wit which thing wee do also note and see to come to passe by the ayre when the weather is skowling and not cleare For the Starres shine not bright out when the ayre is wyth cloudes and foggye mystes ouercast and darckened Nowe the cause why manye in their Oldage doate and become very forgetful albeit this Age be sayd to be most dry yet the same happeneth not by reason of drynes but of coldnes which manifestly preiudiceth and hindereth all the vertues offices of the mynd For out of it spryngeth madnesse losse of right wits amazednes rauing dotage and wante of the righte vse of the Senses whereby the vertues of Nature be so oppressed ouercharged the they be thereby eyther altogether disabled from perfourming their functions or at least do the same very faintly and feeblie Therefore when Memory is perished or affected it procedeth of some cold disteÌ„perature which must with things moderately hoate â–ª be remoued and expugned For to humect or to arefie is not the best way But if coldnes be ioyned with moystnes then to vse arefactioÌ„ if it be lynked with drynesse then to vse humectacion Now if this quality be not throughly settled and rooted these signes and tokens aforesayd do not exactly aunswere to this descriptioÌ„ but as the disteÌ„perauÌ„ce by litle litle groweth encreaseth so do they appeare shew forth theÌ„selues euery day more and more Which happeneth namely to them that be affected wyth this habite not naturally but casuallye and accidentally or by some sicknes of the bodye or by some vexation of mynde For Temperamentes are subiect to many and sondrye alterations In some heate wasting spending vp moysture
Quince but first must the TurpeÌ„tine be wel washed in Rose water or Fenel water to take away his resinie tallage And because nothing to this CoÌ„plexion which we heere describe is holesomer then sounde and quiet Sleepe for therwith all the members are generally moystened and with conuenient warmth refreshed it shal be good for a person thus complexioned to take his full ease and sleepe in a soft bedde largely and somewhat plentifully For Sleepe in the night is the refreshing makinge lusty agayne both of the body and mynde The invvard peace of mynde is Sleepe To vvearyed bodye ease it brings By it themselues men lusty keepe And fresh to doe their needefull things And when Sleepe is shaken of it shal be righte commodious to vse rubbing or friction neither soft nor hard but meane betweene both the profit whereof to them that vse it is almost incredible For it styreth vp vital strength it calefyeth moderately and maketh distribution of the nourishment into the body easyer and readier speciallye if it be done with the wette hand or with a moyst and course cloth For who doth not perceiue that the hands cheekes armes neck and cares being rubbed will waxe ruddie and with heate gather bloud into those parts And although the vse of rubbing and annoynting amonge vs nowe a dayes be cleane growen out of custome yet in tholde tyme men vsed it very often as a meane to keepe themselues in perfect health and to strengtheÌ„ their bodily powers So Augustus Caesar on a certayne tyme espyinge his old compaignion Pollio being aboue an huÌ„dreth yeares olde demaunded of him what order he vsed in conseruinge himselfe in such perfecte sounde strength and in so lustye and greene olde age vnto whom his aunswere was that he came to it by vsing within Wyne wythout Oyle Men in tholde time did not riottouslye abuse oyntmentes and Oyles to satisfye their effeminate delicatenes nyce wantonnes but for safegard and preseruation of health thereby the better to keepe themselues from Sicknesse For vnctions and Frictions orderlye and duelye vsed for there by many sorts thereof as Galene witnesseth eyther indense the body that the Ayre wyndes should not batter and damnyfie it or els rarefie it that it be not stopped and inwardly pestered which abuÌ„daunce of fullginous humours and oppilacions Hard Rubbing doth snarle together and condense the body Sost lewseth and resolueth it Much doth extenuate dimynishe Meane hath a power to make it encrease fill Rough draweth out humours to the vtter parts Gentle and smooth taketh away nothing but reteyneth his force and power in the parts Among these sorts of frictions that which is in a mediocritie is most behoouefull for those persons that be olde and leane For as hard and styffeleathered bootes that haue lyen loÌ„g vnoccupyed by being suppled in Oyle are made softe So likewyse the bodyes of Fol Dry persoÌ„s being stroaked ouer humected inwardly with Wyne outwardlye with Oyle lay asyde al seueritie z loke with a cheerefull and liuely countenaunce To proue that this vse of vnctions in the old time was of diuers sorts beside the testimony of sacred Scriptures besyde the reporte of Solinus Plinie Strabo in his description of the maners fashions of the Indians doth sufficientlye testifye Physicke sayth hee amonge them consisteth in meates not in medicines and of Medicines they best allow of vnctioÌ„s Cataplasmes al other being as they thinck not voyde of harme annoyaunce Therew t they customablye propulse sicknesse mitigate heate driue away lassitude wearynesse reuiue their wearyed powers feeble Spyrites refreshing themselues therewith euen as we by sweete smelles do recreate our inward soule and restore the faint faculties of naure No lesse commodious and profitable to this body is a warme Bathe of sweete water for it doth humect and calefie it dissolueth lassitude it mollyfyeth hard and stiffe partes it disperseth by euaporation the abundaunce of humours it resolueth wynâ—ynâ—sse and procureth Sleepe for that it humecteth the brayne wyth a pleasaunt vaporous and deawye moysture But the naturall Bathes which haue all their vertues of Alume Yron Lyme Ockre Brymstone Saltpeter Bitumen Leade Brasse Copper c. are not so holesome for this Complexion and Nature vnlesse the party do first aske aduyse of some fkilfull and trusty Phisition openymge vnto him the whole state of his body whereby he may vppon the conssideration therof geeue iudgement whether it be good and expedient for him to aduenture into the same Carnall lust and Venerous Act as it is an vtter ennemye to all drye Natures so especially to it moste hurtfull to them that besyde drynesse are also cold No lesse hurtfull is ouer much exercyse wearynesse watch carefunesse thought longe abstynence from meate and drincke heauynes of mynde and anger wherewyth such complexioned mens myndes are seldome styrred but when they be throughly chafed angred hardly will they be pacifyed and quieted againe And because vnseasonable Study is a thinge that greatly wearyeth weareth Students making when leane and exhausting their bodyes a measure and meane also would be therein vsed For we seâ— many great and painfull Studentes still sitting at their Bookes wythout taking any regard to their bodily health by the helpe wherof the good state of the mynde is holden vp mainteyned to looke wyth wearyshe faces pale and without bloude nothing almost on their bodyes but skinne and boane the ventricle and stomacke feeble vnable to digest their meate their streÌ„gth and powers cleane worne out and exhausted For by wearying themselues wyth late watchiÌ„g and sittinge at their study till farre in the nighte their Animall Spyrites through toomuch inteÌ„sion be resolued and their natiue humyditie dryed vp Wherefore it is requisite to vse therein a moderacion and narowlye to looke to the preseruation of health least otherwyse throughe continuall poring and study â–ª the body chaunce to pyne away fall into some Consumption For as Plutarch sayth Of al the good thinges that learninge bryngeth to man nothinge more excellent can be geuen to the body then to be in perfect health and wythout impedimente eyther for the attaynmente of the knowledge of Vertue or for the necessarye vse of lyfe For if sicknesse or gyddynesse of the head hyppeÌ„ streightwayes the mynde beinge destitute of the helpe of the bodye drowpeth quayleth and is neyther lustye nor actyue in doynge his ordinary functions but together wyth his Companion and fellow of all his labours the bodye is mutuallye affected and alyke distempered For which cause Plaâ—o hys counsell is right commendable aduysing vs neither to exercyse the body wythout the mynde nor the mynde without the bodye but to keepe as it were an equal poyze of matrymoniall coÌ„sent and agreemente together betweene them as it were betweene man wyfe Forasmuch therefore as the inwarde and natiue heate by exercyse and motion is encreased
so shakâ— of and forgotteÌ„ appoint onely foure to wit them that be coÌ„pound vnto whoÌ„ they haue geeuen names not of their qualities but somwhat vnaptly of those coÌ„monly termed knoweÌ„ humours y is to say SaÌ„guine Cholerique Phlegmatique MelaÌ„cholique by y squyer leauel of whoÌ„ they wold haue these 4. differeÌ„ces of coÌ„plexioÌ„ or teÌ„perature to be reduced tryed Which dealiÌ„g reasoniÌ„g of theirs as it sauoreth of populer iudgmeÌ„t learning to the common sort very plaussble so standeth it not with the precise opynion and censure of them that would haue eche thing skanned and measured in his righte nature and kinde In the meane season I as one desirous to recoÌ„cyle Physitions thus factiously iarrynge in opynion and woulde God this vniformitye and attonement were also broughte to passe in matters of ReligioÌ„ for the better quieting of many mens Consciences both parties shall suffer the chiefe place to be assigned and geeuen to the hoate and moyst Complexion excepting alwayes as I said before the temperatest of all whereunto as at a marcke we must direct our mynd and leauel our whole matter that by it euery man may trye his owne nature which so loÌ„g as it is in his perfect strength vigour quality produceth bringeth foorth a Sanguine man. And thus there is in a maner no differeÌ„ce neither preiudiciall to anye partye eyther to call it by the name of a hoate and moyst Complexion or els by the terme of a Sanguine man who by the benefite of this holesome humour conteyneth hath within him these qualities albeit Bloud it selfe for wee will keepe all thinges wythin their prescripte limittes doth not engender and cause heate and moystnes but rather heate and moysture produceth Bloud Now Bloud of all iuyces and humours is the best and to mans life an alimente and maintener chiefly appropriat famylier and domesticall for throughe the force furtheraunce of vitall Spirite which is the preseruer and seÌ„der of natural heate into euery part of the bodye Bloud is conueighed by the cunduytes and Vesselles of the Arteryes and Veynes so both nourisheth mainteyneth and preserueth the whole body And for that this pure cleare defecate loouely and amyable Iuyce is the special thing that conserueth euery lyuinge Creature in his beynge wherein also consisteth the lyfe and vigour of euerye nature that lyueth by breath therefore the Hebrew Lawmaker Moses by the direction and appointmente of God himselfe forbadde all maner of bloud to be eateÌ„ because the lyfe of al Creatures coÌ„sisteth in bloud is therwyth nourished and mainteyned euen as the flame of a Candle is with the Oylie weeke as it plainly appeareth by a man that bleedeth verye much whose bodye is then in euery part cold wanne for want thereof fayntinge and in a maner readye to geeue vp the Ghost I haue knowen many whose vitall spyrite bleedinge out and yssuinge together wyth their bloud haue been thereby brought into great daunger of their liues And therefore this treasure of Lyfe must moste carefullye be conserued because it is of all Humours the most excellent wholesome Nowe as the Arteries which abounde more wyth vitall spyrite then wyth bloud spring from the heart so the Veynes which conteyne more bloud then ayrie spyrite proceede and spryng froÌ„ the Lyeuer and are dispersed abroad in brauches and fibres into euerye yea the verye furtheste places of the body For the Lyuer is the shoppe and chiefe workemaster of grosse thicke bloude althoughe the first oryginall thereof be ascribed to the Heart by whose power faculty the bloud is made and throughly wrought being endued wyth vitall spyrite conueigheth naturall heat to eche part of the body Bloud and vital Spyrite are in their chiefest Pryme and most abound in lusty and flourishing yeares albeit there is no age that lacketh the same although in old worne age bloud begynneth to draw to a coldnes the vital spyrit then neyther so hoate neither so stronge and effectuous which thinge as it is in them well to bee obserued and perceyued by their frequente gestures and often moouing of the body and the partes thereof yet specially maye it be seene noted by their colour which in a yonge lusty Stryplyng and youthfull body of good constitution is ruddy and fresh but in them that be further stryken in yeares or further of from this temperamente is not so pure so beautifull nor so pleasaunt to behold for that all their comelynesse beauty is eyther faded awaye or throughe some euill humours and hidden imperfection or blemishe appeareth in them worse then in the yonger sort So many being affected or disteÌ„pered in their Splene wombe Lyuer ventricle and Lunges are commonly either pale yelow tawnie dunne duskie or of some other ill fauoured colour There is no surer way sayth Galene certainly to knowe the humours and iuyce in a Creature then by the colour and outward complexion If the body loke very whyte it is a token that phlegme in that body chiefely reigneth most aboundeth If it be pale or yelow it argueth the humour to bee greatly Melancholique and Cholerique and the bloude to be freshe and reddye if it be blackish it betokeneth blacke adust Choler specially if no outwarde accidentall occasion happen as great heate or chafing labour or wearynesse or if the mynde bee not intoxicate and perplexed wyth affectes and passions as Angre Ioye Sorow Care pensyuenes for these make the humours sometyme to resort vnto the skynne vtter parts and sometime to hyde and conueyghe themselues farre inwardly and for this cause wee see men y are fumish and testy to be in a marueylous heat proceeding not of any sticknesse or discrasse but of â–ª the motion and stirring of the humours againe them that be affrighted and in mynde amazed to be pale Some to loke as wanne as Lead some whyte and swartie sometyme blewyshe sometime of sondrye colours all which betoken crude humours and raw iuyce to beare rule and swaye in the bodye eyther of phlegme glasselyke toughe or of some other sort or els many rotteÌ„ humours clamped vp in y bodye which by outward tokeÌ„s and signes bewray shew themselues what they be and what they signifie They therefore that be of a hoate and moyst constitution and haue greate store of bloude wythin theim are of a purple and reddie coloure softe warme and smooth skinned comely of stature of reasonable feacture fleshye bodyed and a little roughe aburne heyred redde or yealow bearded and comely bushed of which feacâ—ure plight and bodely shape the Scripture witnesseth that Dauid was who beyng after that Saule was cast of and reiected appointed King and onnoyâ—ted by Samuel was of a brownish Complexâ—oÌ„ excellent beauty well fauoured in sight and 〈◊〉 â—â—tenauÌ„ce very cheerefull and amyable Such a comety grace and Princelye shape was to be scene in the moste victorious Prince Philip Kinge
of Spayne and souereigne Ruler of all the lowe Countreyes his Grace being heere wyth vs the last yeare at Zickzey outwardly arguyng in him a most myld nature and a mynde most vertuously dispâ—sed There be yet manye other notes markes and tokeÌ„s appertayning to this Constitucion which a man may not alwayes safely truste vnto as infallible because they suffer alteration and chauÌ„ge by age and yeares yea almost in euery momente of tyme but yet so that by them appeareth alwayes certayne and vndoubted tokens that the state of the same bodye aforetime hath beene and was in this ryght good case plight constitutioÌ„ albeit now altered or perhaps clene decayed For as greate huige and sumptuous houses beynge falne downe and decayed shewe euidently by the ruynes and delapidations therof of what hugenesse and magnificence they earst were howe curious and busye the frame was howe skilful and industrious the Architecte and workeman was so in a laudable state Constitution and habite of body which is decayed and faded from his former disposition there appeare certayne reliques notes and tokens of the good temperament that aforetime was in the same Albeit sometime through greeuous sicknes or by some great mysfortune and outward calamity mans nature is so frushed and damped that al the vigour of the body all the beauty comelynes and shape thereof is nypped and cleane abolyshed like a goodly fayre buildyng that is eyther by tempeste shaken battered or by mysfortune of fyer vtterly burnte and wasted Thus feare astonment sodaine aâ—frighting the dread of daungers or death sodainly threatened do so wast and destroy the powers forme shape and beauty and so cleane altereth some meÌ„ froÌ„ that they were afore as though they had neuer bene the same Whereof there happened in our tyme a notable and straunge example in a yong Gentleman of noble byrthe and Parentage Who in the Court of the late Emperour Charles they farre ouershooting himselfe wythout regard of dutye remorse or reuerence of the place had carnallye defloured a certayne yong Gentlewoman whom he loued exceedingly which facâ— to be perpetrated vpon the bodyes of yonge Ladyes and noble virgins is accompted a thinge most haynous punishable by death yea although no force be offered to the damosell and although by secrete coÌ„sent and apparant likelyhoodes she greatly seeme not to retâ—â—t an amorous suite to her in such sort tendered This Gentleman therfore was coÌ„mitted to pryson lookynge the next day folowinge to be executed put to death For this is narowly loked vnto y noâ—e presumyng or daring to coÌ„mit any such villanie or to distein the Honour of the Princes Court with such lewd filthy pollution shal escape scotfree or go away vnpunished according to the greatnes of those his wilful libidinous demerites Languishyng all y nighte in great perplexitye griefe agonie sorowe al the while conceyuyng inwardly in mind the terrour dread of death so neere approchiÌ„g he was so altered and chaunged that at his arreignment the next day none of his owne famyliar acquaintaÌ„ce neyther yet the Emperour himselfe could knowe him So much had the horrour of death the despayre of any pardon win fewe houres pallifyed his colour and altered the state of his former coÌ„stitution All his beauty comely shape fresh coÌ„plexion was as it were so faded and exiled his face so incrediblie disâ—nowledged his colour of fresh cleare turned into wan swartye death-like his countenaunce to behold loathsome vglie his head couered ouer with graye heyres farre vnmeete for those yeres his beard sluttish dryueling filthy with spattering sneuel deformed The Emperour earnestly fixing his eye vppon him suspecting him not to be the self same man which had committed the fact mistrusted that some other person had beene put in his place whereuppon he commaunded present search to be made y matter to be throughly boulted out whether it were the selfe same party or no and whether his hoare heyres and gray beard were counterfeited by some confectioned oyntments artificially for the nonce coloured or no. But the matter being found true and plaine and no deceipte nor coloured collusion therein vsed his Maiestie was at the sight therof so astonned that his former resolution and purpose to haue the saide Gentleman punished was now tourned into compassioÌ„ ouer his pytifull case and iudging him to haue alreadye suffered punyshment suffycient pardoned him hys lyfe and remitted his offence The honourable Nicholas Mychault of Indeuelda a Gentleman in great fauour wyth hygh Prynces of all Noblemen worthylie esteemed demaunding of mee on a tyme sitting at the table the cause of thys so straunge and sodayne chaunge I aunswered that the very cause thereof proceeded of nothinge els then of his extreeme feare and vehement thinking vpon that daunger wherewyth he saw himselfe distressed the remeÌ„braunce and cogitation whereof searched the very innermost Senses in his body For that trouble affection so neerely touched him and so greuously perplexed his mynd y al vital heat spyrit was in him in a maner vtterly extincte whereby eche part of the body streightwayes altered and chauÌ„ged froÌ„ the fresh comely colour which they had before into an vglie and vnsightly habite insomuch that the rootes of the hayres which he y vaporous humyditie that lyeth within the skinne be nourished and preserued fresh in colour when the same humydity fayleth and in place thereof a cold dry quality reigneth do drye vp and cleane lose their former â—atyue ComplexioÌ„ and colour euen as grasse that wantinge the moystnes of the earth to coÌ„fort it caÌ„nnot but wyther patch away For euen as the Leaues of Trees the brauÌ„ches of greene Vynes seruing to defend y grapes from the iniury of weather are by extremyty of heate hayle rayne and Northren blastes which sometime blusterouslye blowe in the SoÌ„mer season altered from a pleasaunt greene verdure into a yealowysh tawnie colour So lykewyse the natural Complexion Iustynesse and shape of the body drowpeth and decayeth and the hayres which of theÌ„selues are no part of y body but an appentise superfluitye and ornamente to the body lackinge the strength and humyditye the nourisheth them become hoarye and graye longe before their due time which thinge wee see commonly happen to all those that spende their time in the warres or in daungerous traueyles on the Sea or which bee much troubled visited with sicknesse wherein is a certaine ymagination of verye death in their myndes For they remember and looke for nothing els they thinck vppon nothing somuch when they stand in battayle array ready at the sound of the Trompet to ioyne with the Enemye and to try it out by dent of sworde but euen there presently eyther to slay or be slaine makinge accompte thence neuer to escape aliue vnlesse peraduenture they be such as wyth longe custome haue so hardened and enured theyr mindes in many lyke daungerous bruntes that they neyther
and resemble are sayde in latine vitulari which is to bee as wanton and toying as a yonge Calfe or not to haue shedde all theyr Calues teeth or that theyr Iawes ytche with Caluishe wantonnes The Booke of Wysedome fathered and asscrybed vnto Salomon sayth Spuria vitulamina noÌ„ agent radices altas nec stabile fundamentum collocabunt Bastarde Slippes shal take no deepe rootes nor laye any fast foundation By these Phrases of speach we meane that wilfull and vnruly age which lacketh rypenes and discretion and as wee saye hath not sowed all theyr wyeld Oates but as yet remayne withoute eyther forcast or consideration of any thinge that may afterward turne them to benefite playe the wanton yonkers and wilfull Careawayes Seyng therfore that Adolescencie and youthful age consisteth in a constitucion of Hoat and moyst is fuller of bloud then anye other it is to this place therefore namely and specially to be referred Neither can any plighte or Complexion of the body more aptly be applyed vnto it then this for all the qualityes fashions and marks of this Age and State agree thereunto Which thing I see was well obserued by Horace in his description of the Nature inclination of youthful Age where he sayth A youthfull beardlesse Strypling voyde and free from Tutours checke VVith Horse and Hound doth raunge the fields and braue himselfe doth decke To vyce he pliant is as vvaxe to them that vvishe him vvell And vvarne him for his ovvne auayle rough churlish sharpe and fell A slender Husband for himselfe a vvaster of his gold High mynded rashe presumptuous in loue soone hoat soone cold And if they happen to lyncke themselues in companye wyth anye lewde Counsellours as in this slypperie and daungerous age commonlye is seene theyr fickle heades flingbrayned wits be easelye allured and drawen into follye and to pursue that waye which is worste For beynge now in theyr most wilfull age and standing vppon the most doubtful and daungerous poynt of al betweene vertue and vyce lacking experience and voyde of all good aduyse and counsel misse-led by the peeuish allurements of theyr associats they runne for the most part headlong vnto that which they see the common multitude embrace are readye to slyde into that trade of lyfe which of all other is worst and most pernicious Greene heades in greatest daunger are in doubtfull choyse they stand And hange in Ballaunce of deuyse vvhat trade to take in hand But if in lieu of these they harken and geeue good care to the holsome admonitions of some faythfull and vertuous Tutour and by his prescription frame the order of theyr lyfe and conuersation in theyr tender yeares for in this Age is Stuffe matter and towardnes both good and excellent if good education do polishe and a skilfull workeman haue it in handling no doubt they are to be broughte to much goodnesse For such is the force and power of bloud in mans body specially when throughe accesse of age it groweth to heate and dailye more more encreaseth in vitall spyrite that it causeth a promptnes of mynde quicknesse in deuyse and sharpenesse in practyze which by dailye vse exercyse atteyneth in th end to wysedome knowledge and experience of many things And thus by the benefite of nature and good bringinge vp it is broughte to passe that they be garnished wyth many excellent giftes of the mynde and throughe a readye vtteraunce in the discourse of matters bee to theyr Countrey a greate staye and ornament And althoughe hoate and drye natured men which are the Cholerique be right well furnished and skilfull in perfecte vtteraunce vehemence of speach and readynesse of tongue yet is there not in them such waighte of woordes and pythynesse of Sentences neyther can they so well rule their owne affections because in theyr reasonynges and discourses they be very earnest and hastye And this in such persons is not onelye by the pronunciation of their woordes but also by their swyft gate and hastye pace easye to be perceyued This difference also is betweene them that the Cholerique are bitter taunters dry bobbers nyppinge gybers and skornefull mockers of others but the Sanguine nothinge giuen that waye meddle not at all wyth such dogge eloquence neyther vse to hit men ouer the thummes wyth any such figuratyue flowtes whereat manye men are commonlye as heynouslye offended and take the matter in as greate snuffe as they would to be Crowned wyth a Pyssebolle but they be pleasaunt and curteous natured meerye without scurrility and ciuill without fylthy rybauldrye behauinge themselues orderlye in all companyes cumbersome and odious to none but delightfull and welcome to all But if it happen that Bloude bee alayed or myngled with other Humours and by course of Age to become hoate as namely if it bee mixed with yelowe Choler wherewyth the Humours are stirred vp or to participate with anye other Humoure whatsoeuer It is seene that as the mixture is so the manners disposition delighte trade and inclination of man falleth oute accordinglye As thus suppose a Bodye câ—ieflye to consiste of these three Bloude Choler and Melancholye whereof two partes to be Bloude and the other thirde parte to bee Choler and Melancholye equallye proportioned Of these three thus mixed together proceedeth such a Complexion and bodelye habite as produceth sundry motions affections and inclinations of the minde and which doth inwardlye dispose fashion and frame their Natures and dispositions yea before they breake oute into woordes enhablinge them fitte and meete to discharge and execute the parte of anye personne that wee either of oure selues take in hande or which by nature and publicke function is to vs assigned First Nature frames vs apt and meete To euery kinde of chaunce Sometimes she helpes somtimes vvith ire our harts doth vvound and launce Sometimes vvith thoughte to throvv vs dovvne vvith griefe and dule amayne Then aftervvard the tongue declares the mynds deuyses playne And as we see Nature in producing hearbes and floures and paintyng them out in braue attyre and colours to shew forth a most excellente and inimitable workemaÌ„ship and right gallantly to sette the same out to the gazing view of ech greedie eye clad wyth many and the same most pleasurable differences of goodly verdure some lyghte and entermedled wyth whytishe some of a sadde or darke greene some watrishe blunkette gray grassie hoarie and Lecke coloured whereof euerye one hath theyr proper vertues peculier effectes So likewyse Bloud beinge myngled wyth humours of other quality conceyueth other force and other colour and yet nathelesse not quite bereft and depryued of a Bloudy of Sanguine colour insomuch that it pearceth into the very innermost corners of the mynde incensing to sundry actions And althoughe the Planetts and Starres stretch oute theyr influence and extend theyr force mightely vppon these lower bodyes yet is it the Humours and Elemental qualityes which doe constitute the
slaked into Ashes So likewyse in the body of mankinde Choler is first of saffrō colour then as heat encreaseth Leekishe somewhat contrary to nature next Brassie or rustie last of al blewish or skie colour like vnto Wadde an Herbe that Fullers and Dyers vse in colouring and dying their clothes which last of all is tourned into perfect black Choler or Melācholy All these sortes of Choler endued wyth virulent and poysonous qualityes infecte the mynde wyth lewde conditions and the body wyth loathsome diseases whereof many be of such malignaunt nature that hardly wil be cured as eating Cankers corrodinge vlcers runninge pockes loathsome tettars or ryngwormes in the face Morphew the Carbuncle wyeld fier or S. Antonies fier Herpes the eating deuouring Vlcer called Estiomenus and of Courtiers who commonly more then others are thereto subiect named the Wolfe for it exulcerateth the skinne and eateth the fleshe to the very boanes rottinge and putrefyinge the same depryuing the member of lyfe and from feeling of any paine besyde many other loathsome and cōtagious diseases proceeding and sprynging out of the common syncke and concurrencye of these Humours in somuch that a man in this case caryeth about wyth hym nothing els but a stinkinge rotten and corrupte Carkasse And loathsom lymms replete vvith mattry fylth ¶ Of a colde and drye Complexion wherein the Nature and condition of a Melancholique person because hee is of this temperature subiect to Choler is at large declared wyth remedies how to qualefie and subdue the same fullye decyphered The vi Chapter THose bodyes of all others are in worst case habite which consiste and be constituted of the combination and composition of Cold and Dry. For considering that the mayntenaunce and conseruation of lyfe consisteth in Hoat and Moyste who is he that can rightlye commende or allowe that quality and constitutiō of body which weareth away wasteth these fomentations or cheerishmentes of lyfe beyng the chiefe onely 〈◊〉 of health and welfare For we see in the whole course of Nature and in all thinges within the vniuersall Worlde Plantes Herbes all Creatuers endued wyth life Men and all that lyue by breath when they be once depryued or lacke heat and moysture quickly to decay growe vnto destruction For none other thing is Death neyther can anye fitter definition be deuysed for it then to saye that it is an abolishment and destruction of lyfe Nature spirable an extinctiō of the first qualities wherof the Humours haue their being and mayntenaunce Whensoeuer therfore a man arryueth is broughte into these qualityes either by Sicknesse Nature or by Age and course of yeares let him make his ful reckning that Death is not farre of For as touching vncertayne haps and sodaine casualties which euery minute of an houre hauge ouer all our heades generallye I thincke not meete hytherto to be referred nor in this place to be reckened for y they happē violētly and agaynst Nature making an ende of lyfe sooner then by course of nature else should bee Which happes and chaunces as they ought not to terrifye and dismaye any man eyther iourneying or Seafaring forasmuch as euery Christiā oughte to commende and referre the successe and euent of his whole affayres and busynes into the hands of God his Diuine prouidēce pleasure and vnto him onelye wyth firme Fayth to leane So also in this plight and disposition of bodye threatned with death and extreeme dissolution there is no cause why a mā should quayle in courage or retchelessely by all conuenient meanes he may neglect to tender and cheerish his body but so longe as anye sparke of lyfe lasteth neuer to ceasse to vse all such helpes and foments as may serue to the prolongation of his dayes For God of his bounteous liberality hath gratiously geeuen and appoynted manye thinges whereby the same may well and fully be brought about For as fruictlesse trees by pruning and industrie are made fruictfull and as barrayne groūd wearyed with long tyllage wyth dunging and composting is agayne restoared to fertility so likewyse bodyes that bee drye are wyth nourishment fit for the restoration of Nature comforted and brought euen vnto the full appoynted prefixed terme that by Nature is limitted as it were into the Hauen that we longe wished Which hope of prolongation and lengtheninge of lyfe no man of reasonable and indifferente iudgement in consyderation of Humaine thinges can disalow so that euery man herein submitting his will mynde vnto his Maker and Creatour in whom all thinges haue their beinge and consistence referre his dealings and desyres vnto his godlye dispensation and appoyntment acknowledginge all things whatsoeuer they be to be gouerned directed by the decree of his omnipotente pleasure But because Melancholy is subiect vnto a cold and dry quality neither can anye plighte or state of body proceedinge hence be worse then it nor more incommodious to health therefore it seemeth needeful to make some further discourse of the condition nature effect strength and differences thereof and how greatlye it affecteth both the body and the mynde of man. For all mē for the most part at the beginning of the Sprynge and Downefall of the Leafe at which season of the yeare this Humour doth most ryfely abound are subiect to Melācholicke affectiōs namely those that be Magistrates and Officers in the Commonwealth or Studentes which at vnseasonable times sit at their Bookes Studies For through ouermuch agitatiō of the mynd natural heat is extinguished the Spyrits aswell Animall as Vitall attenuated and vanish away whereby it cōmeth to passe that after their vitall iuyce is exhausted they fall into a Colde Drye constitution And of this Melancholike Humour there be two differences the one Naturall the other beside Nature That Melancholie which is naturall and familiar to a man is mylder and lesse hurtfull then the other For being caryed and conueyghed into the Veynes together wyth the Bloud it nourisheth the members that be of lyke Nature and cōdition to it selfe vnto them mynistreth nourishmente as the Boanes Grystles Ligaments and Synewes For this Humour is not vnlike vnto Beasts feete when they be soddē and brought into a Iellie which in eatinge cleaue to the fyngers and lyppes as tough as Brydlyme whereby it causeth Bloud to haue a good power retentyue and to be thicker because when it is ioyned with perfect Bloud and wyth the sweetenes thereof tempered and alayed as a sower grape with Hony or Sugar it thereuppon becommeth in tast and relyce not altogether sower or bitter as those thinges that exasperate the Iawes and Palate but somewhat tart and sowrysh and as it is commōly tearmed Ponticke such a relyce I meane as is in a grape out of which new Must is pressed being not as yet come to his perfect rypenes and maturytie such as in the latter ende of Autumne is brought out of Germany and Fraūce
into the Lowe Countryes to slaunche and sill the glutting desyre and greedynesse of some which beinge very sower in tast insomuch that it seemeth to take away the vpper skinne of the tongue theyr vse is to condite wyth hony and hony combes to make it for them that haue quaysye stomackes better relyced pleasaunter in taste And as the dreggs mother or settlinges of Oyle reteyne a tallage of the Oyle and as the Lees of Wyne keepe a certayne tast relyce and smell of the Nature of Wyne Euen so MelaÌ„cholicke iuyce which proceeded from Bloud reteyneth the spettle and tast thereof Wherefore this Humour maye seeme somewhat vnproperly to be called Atra bilis sythens there is in it no adustion but as Galene sayth a bloud or Melancholike iuyce which is nothinge els then the dryer and thicker parte of bloud altogether lyke vnto dregges and Lees that settleth in the bottom of the vessel and conserueth the strength vigour of the Wyne and suffreth it not to wast and vanish And as the Lees or Dregges of Wyne called in Dutch Droesen or Moeder serue to good vse and purpose for the making of Aqua vite wythall Euen so Melancholicke iuyce which it I may so plainly terme it is y setling and refuse of Bloud hath in it an holesom vse and commodity For one part goeth into the Veynes and helpeth bloude the other part much like to the former is drawen by the Lyuer into the Splene or Mylt hauing thence afterwards issue into the Stomacke on the left syde wherof it lyeth styrreth vp appetite to meat throughe the sharpnesse and sowrenes that is in it This viscous substaunce being soft thinne fungous and like vnto a SpuÌ„ge is the ChaÌ„ber of MelaÌ„cholie and a Receptory appoynted by nature to draw out vnto it the dregges of Bloude and sometimes so much swelled wyth aboundaÌ„ce of excrements as though it would oppresse and kill a maÌ„ according whereunto the Cappadocian Baude in Plautus bewayleth his owne case in these woords My health decreaseth day by day My paine encreaseth on as fast My svvagging Mylt doth eu'ry vvay like gyrdle rounde begyrde my vvast A man vvould iudge that I did beare vvithin my Beally Children tvvayne VVretch that I am I greatly feare least burste I shall in middle plaine Which part of the body because it is a great hinlet to nymblenes and agilitye and a fowle cuÌ„bersome loade to Runners Postes Currours and speedy Messengers the ignoraunt commoÌ„ people sometime thoughte and were perswaded that the beste waye was cythe to haue this viscous substaunce quight taken out or els to be cauteryzed But in very deede it is not without great daunger and hazard of life to be taken oute no more then the Testicles or Stones can from the Castor which is a kinde of Beaste that lyueth both in water and on land whom huÌ„ters reporting a flymflam tale of Robinhoode do absurdely affyrme that wyth their owne teeth they byte away their owne Stones and for sauegarde of their lyues throwe the same at those which pursue and chase them Yet notwithstaÌ„ding this viscousnes if it swel and bolne ouermuch may be qualefyed kept downe and repressed by vsing Roman coÌ„moÌ„ Wormwood â—etrach Polipodie Sene Epythyme Rosemary Capers Doder Fumitory Hartstongue bitter Almonds Peach kernels Tamarixe swete Broome For the more that it encreaseth waxeth bigger the more the bodye pyneth away becoÌ„meth leaner so that very aptly did Traiane the Emperour compare lyken a Princes Exchequer to the Splene For as when a Princes Coffers be full stuffed his Treasuries enriched that common people be wringed pinched empouerished so wheÌ„ the Splene waxeth bigge encreaseth the body is pyned away and wasted with leannesse For somuch therefore as God his carefull prouidence hath made and ordeyned this meÌ„ber to purefie y Lyuer to purge and skum awaye the grosse feculent part of the Bloud it staÌ„deth euery maÌ„ in hand by al meanes possible carefully to forsee y it incurre not any inor take any harme For if the Splene or Mylte should suffer obstruction or fall into imbecillitye and weakenes the MelaÌ„cholike iuyce disperseth it selfe into euery part of the body makinge the skinne to be of a sootie and dunne colour and further disquieteth the mynde wyth sundry straung apparitions and phantasticall imaginations But if it throughlye perfourme the office for which it was ordeyned do exactly drincke vp y drossie feculencie of Bloud it maketh a maÌ„ thervppon wonderfull meerye and iocunde For when the Bloud is syncerely purefyed and from all grossenes and feculencie purged the Spyrits consequently are made pure brighte and cleare shyninge Whose purity and clearenes causeth the mynde to reioyce and amonge meery companioÌ„s to laughe and delight in pretie deuyses mery coÌ„ceiptes and waÌ„ton phansies Which thing likewyse commonly happeneth to them that moysten and whittle themselues well wyth wyne who althoughe otherwyse in dealinges they be naturallye sterne and surlie and outwardlye in countenaunce and maner of gate pretendinge a kinde of seuerity Yet beinge somewhat heated wyth Wyne and lighting in the company of amorous beautifull Damosells they set cocke on hoope and shake away from them al their former grimnes and wayward maners and become as meery as the meryest And thus haue I my selfe knowen some and that of no meane callinge who eyther through inclynation of their Nature or custome of lyfe cleane geeuen from all companye lookinge wyth face and countenaunce grimâ—â—e and seuere wyth browes knyt together frowninge wyth eyes sullen sterne terrible glauncing asyde and eskaÌ„ted ynough to make such as meete them afrayde to loke vppon them who notwythstaÌ„ding when they haue beene in company with yonge pleasaunte Maydens and meery Gentlewomen haue for the whyle forgone layed asyde their seueritye and Stoycal precysenes and in Dauncinge haue shaken their legges and footed it as roundly as the best But the meery conuocation being dissolued and the solemne myrthe fynished haue eftsones retourned to their Olde Nature wanted maners and accustomed grauity My aduyse and counsell to them in this case is to exhort them to vse such mery compaignyes and often to frequent such pleasauÌ„t conferences thereby to acquainte themselues wyth curtesye familiar humanitye discontinuinge and abandoning that their former counterfeite and disguysed seuerity and to dispose their minds to the wel lyking of Nuptiall society To them therefore that be Splenetique and sicke of the Mylte and to as many moe as are of Nature sorowfull lumpish and sowâ—â—measurable drynking of Wyne exercyse of body company meery felowship bryngeth both a sound health and a pleasauÌ„tnes of lyfe For by framyng themselues this way naturall heate is strengthened and lyke fier with often styrring and rakinge begiÌ„neth to shyne glitter sparckle the wearyed and laÌ„guishing spyrits when this synke of MelaÌ„cholie is once exhausted al fuliginousnes banished are reuiued with their
shyning brightnes clarifye illuminate all the senses whose mynisterie the minde vseth making them ready and apte throughlye to atchieue and execute their due offices actions and charges And therefore this old Verse althoughe not curiouslye penned and fyled which is common almoste in euerye mans mouth seemeth to me not altogether absurd neyther much swaruinge from truth Mens sapit Pulmo loquitur Fel suscitat iras Spen ridere facit cogit amare iecut In English thus VVitte from the Mynde Speach frō the Lūges From Gall proceedeth Ire From Mylte is caused Laughter from The Lyuer Loues desire From the functions of which Entrailes the Heart which is the founteyne of lyfe and natural heat and the oryginall of vitall spyrite is not excluded as in whom resteth the chiefest and moste pryncipal power and faculty in the exployting of any thinge incident to Nature Of it such famous men as excell and be renowmed for wysedome and experience are called Cordati they that want and are further of from the same are termed by names taken of the impotencie imperfection of the mynde in that behalfe of such affections as differ moste from Temperaunce and moderation Herevppon are they that nosle themselues in Slouth ydlenesse negligence lazynesse ease neyther addicting themselues to any profitable studie tendinge to the Glorye of God neyther to their owne auayle and furtheraunce in dyrectinge them to anye vertuous lyuinge are called Socordes And an other sort worse then these called Vecordes be they which ymagine and deuise in their mind nothing but fraud collusion deceipt murther treachery burninge treason spoyle of their felow cytizens destruction to their natiue Countrey and finally in theyr mindes laye the Platforme and weaue the toyle of most villanous myschyeues Which inwarde vyces and gracelesse outrages of the mynde euidētly and apparaūtly descry and shew oute themselues in the eyes face countenaunce forehead eyebrowes and in all the outward shape and habite of the body besyde if it so happen that they be therein taken tardye they frette and fume they slampe and stare they stand mute and speachlesse they stagger and solter they cogge and dissemble they wrangle face out the matter they flatly denye the deede or else aunsweare so doubtfullye and perplexedlye y a mā cānot tel ▪ wher to haue them finally eyther they will laye the faulte in an other mans necke as did Adam or els coigne odde shyftes to cleare themselues And if we be desyrous to haue a paterne of such a one let vs beholde Catiline a factious yonker as Salust reporteth and armed wyth the brandes of sedition against his frendes and Conntrey whose colour through the conscience of his vngratious deedes disquietnes of mynde was pale as ashes and without anye bloude his eyes terrible and grymme his pace gate somewhile quicke and somewhyle slow and in whose face and countenaunce a very harebrained and raging madnesse appeared Wyth the like furie and outrage was kinge Saule incensed to commit murthers manye other detestable enormyties Cayn also stynged with the same furyes and remorse of mynde for killinge his brother fell into desperation and vtterly mystrusted any forgeeuenes or mercy For when as the Lord God examyned him of the murther which he had committed and charged him with the haynous cruelty thereof Cain as thoughe he had bene guyltlesse in the matter flatly aunsweared that hee could neither tell what was become of his brother neyther where hee was nor howe he fared nor what he did but impudētly auerred himself vtterly ignoraūt of al dealings touching the same Of the defectes of the heart and infirmity of the minde and reasonable part are they termed Excordes in whom is restaunte some parte of Melancholie but the same brutishe for they be voyd of reason foolish blockeheaded doltishe dull and doating whom some plain wryters cal insensate S. Paule reprouing the Galathians of foolishnes calleth them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say grossewitted dullards blockes fooles and not of capacity able to conceiue thinges good and holesome but starters backe from the profession and doctrine wherein he had instructed them And therefore the Brayne or principalitye of Reason conspyreth and agreeth with the strēgth and power of the heart and these twaine do mutually ayde one an other so that they in whom reigneth wit reason iudgemente and vnderstanding are very aptly called Cordati discrete and wyse For by the meanes of those helpes and furtheraunces they stoutly attempte and couragiously compasse great and waightye matters and what soeuer the mynde conceyueth they by direction and guyding of wysedome bring to passe and execute The other afore rehearsed Entrailes haue also their proper force and efficacie as the Gal ministreth cause and occasion to Anger brawlinge contention chydinge and quarellinge The Lyuer abounding with Bloud heated with Wyne incyteth the Reynes to the desyre of amorous embracements fleshly concupiscence lecherous lust riot and lasciuiousnes The heart by help of the Lūges the vocal Artery and tongue which serueth for vtteraunce of woordes and internall deuises expresseth and vttereth the cogitatiōs and meanings of the mynde The Splene or Mylt if it be not otherwise empeached maketh a man exceedingly to delite in iestinge laughter myrth pastime and wātonnes mynding no earnest matters but letting the world slyde geeueth himselfe to passe the time merilye Contrariwyse if it bee surcharged and ouerwhelmed with toomuch cōfluxe of fylthye Humour and be debarred or disappoynted of the ordinarye helpe and ayde of the Lyuer either through imbecillity or obstruction then bringeth it manye discommodities and annoyaunces no lesse hurtful and preiudicial to the mynde then to the bodye as Heauynesse sorowe sadnesse feare and dread of myssehappe to come carefulnesse thought desperation distrust that ▪ is to say cleane out of hope of any better Fortune Which affections and perplexities cast a mā into exceeding griefe torment vexation and martyrdome wearing away his beauty and wasting his bodely comelynesse and making him to loke lyke syluer al fustyed wyth chimney soote or as bright and handsome things in a reekie house that are besmered dusked and smoked For when the dregges refuse of Humours haue recourse thyther in greater abundaunce then the heate and naturall power of the member is able to wield and qualefye the greater is the decaye thereof and much more daungerously is it oppressed For as a Porter or labouringe man which caryeth burdens heauier then his strength will allowe cannot but fall downe vnder the waight thereby many times hurtinge both himselfe and spoyling his cariage So when greater stoare of Melancholique iuyce is conueighed deryued into this viscous member then it is eyther able to beare or by concoctiō to ouercome it is thereby sundry wyse distempered and brought into many diseases For when the Splene is affected the Stomacke consequently suffreth cruditie loathing of
is therefore blacke of coloure when it is not much aduste burned enflamed like vnto Walworte or Elder berryes Pryuet Peonie beries or the Kernelles of blacke Cheryes and blacke Grapes the iuyce whereof dyeth and coloureth a mans hands wyth a blacke or bloudy colour And if it happen to bee enflamed and set in extreme heate then is it of coloure entermingled with a purple shyning lyke glowyng hoat Gold newly burnt in the fyer If it be immoderatelye and toomuch enflamed it bringeth the mynde into furious fitts phrenticke rages and brainsicke madnesse Contrarylye when all thinges consiste wythin mediocritye it causeth and bringeth forth sharpnesse of witte excellency of learning subtility of inuentiō eloquence of tongue right skilful vtteraunce with knowledge howe to speake The last kinde of Melancholy is engendred of the adustion o◠Phlegme Forasmuch therfore as there be so many sorts of Melācholie and because Melancholique persons be of so sundry cōditions maners natures inclinatiōs bodely proportions complexiōs colours therfore euery one must be founde out and knowen by the proper markes and tokens peculiar incident and appertayning to them For they that be broughte into this case and habite by Choler or bloud adust haue bigge swolne veynes for they swell wyth wyndynes their bodyes tawnie coloured and very rough withall thicke hatred and bushie by reason of thabundaunce of heate swelling and bigge lippes by reason of the concourse of Humour and flatuous spyrite into the higher parts wheruppon it also happeneth that their eyes sometime be eminent and bearing out Againe sometime whē Humours decrease hollow and standyng inwarde sometime swyft mouing and twynckling sometimes staying vnmoueable and not at all quiuering the tōgue which is interpreter of all secreets of the mynde somewhile quicke and ready somewhile stammering foltering vnable to delyuer out a playne word which distemperaunce and affecte may many tymes happen by occasion of the time of the yeare Age Countrey weather foggie and dimme or fayre and cleare and finallye by the quality of meate and drincke and hereuppon maye it be endūed with some cold Humour This Humour is manyfolde and of sundrye sorts wonderfullye framinge in the bodyes and mynds of men diuers dispositions and in them constituting sundry habites maners and conditions For it may after a sort be resembled vnto Yron Seacoales or Charcoales which beinge flered appeare glowing hoate shyning lyke burnished Golde and burninge the members of the touchers but being quenched they looke blacke cankered rustie Euen so Melancholie albeit it be cold and drye and in colour drawinge somewhat vnto blacknes yet reteyneth it some heat of the faculty and nature of that frō whēce it came that is to saye Choler or Bloud For so the Dregges or mother of Oyle the feees or vineger of Wyne Embers and Coales retayne and haue a certaine smacke or nature of the Brandes whē they smoaked and were on fler Therefore Melancholie is not altogether without heate but reteyneth some deale of that quality in it For although it be a long while ere it wyll be enflamed and throughly heated like Yron which must both be mollifyed and tempered wyth force of moste ardent bituminous coales also with the helpe of blowing Bellowes for the making of the same malleable apt to the Forge Anuile yet beyng once throughly heated hath such an excessiue glowing ardentnes y there cānot be any thinge more adustiue And hereupon in a maner all at one instāt without any time betwixt do we see them sodeinly chaūged frō laughter myrth into sorrow pēstuenes For whē this Humor is once heated because frō it proceede come bright syncere Spirits these Melancholike persons are exceedingly set vpō their mercy pin past al godsforbod iocund pleasurably geeuen to singing daūcing skippīg spōrting cōtrary to their accustomed to eueryone curteous affable liberal and frendly yea altogether pleasauntlye disposed and not squemish to offer a kind kisse embracemēt vnto any lusty wench and nothing then so much desyring as mariage therby to enioy the hoped fruict of Children and to haue their name in remembraunce to posterity very earnestlye bewaylinge their losse of former time repenting that they had not long agone tyed themselues to the World maryed But when this great heat is cold and the earnest panges of this newfāgled mynde settled whē their Bloude waxeth cold their spyrites at reste they go backe from all former resolutions and are ready to vnsaye al that euer they sayde before They condemne and deteste yesterdayes deedes and are much ashamed of their owne ouerslight and foolishnes Whensoeuer therefore Melancholie groweth into much coldnes it taketh away from a man his sharpenes of witte and vnderstandinge his assured hope and confidence and all his manlye strength and courage so that he hardly eyther attempteth or archieueth any matter of excellency worthynes for such be doltish dull slow and lūpishe vnapt to atteyne learne and conceyue anye good disciplines or commendable Arts and this happeneth in that kinde of Melācholie which is mixed wyth greate stoare of colde and toughe Phlegme Whereby it commeth to passe that such kinde of men lyke Asses or other brute beastes be blockish vnapt dull and forgetfull But they whose Melancholie is wyth moderate heat qualefyed and with Bloud other syncere Humors humected alayed haue excellēte good witts and sharpe iudgements and seeme to doe many thinges so notablye as thoughe they were furthered and inspyred by some Diuine instincte or motion And for this cause doth Aristotle not vnaptly lyken compare this Humour vnto Wyne For as Wyne produceth and causeth sundry the same verye ridiculous fashions according to the seuerall nature of euery man and according to the effect and operation of the Wyne it selfe for one force and effecte hath Spanishe wyne an other French an other Maluesye an other Corsycke and an other Rhenish so Melancholie causeth diuers maners and sundry constitutions And hereuppō in the Dutch phrase of speach there are reckened vp certaine conditions and delightes of Drunken men Some beinge cupshot are contentious brawling Some stil and neuer a woorde but mumme Some verye babblatiue and keeping a foule coyle some weeping howling and heauy couraged Yea some of this beastly Crew we see to be threatners cruel bitter fierce spightful arrogant selfwilled vain-glorious proude wanton lasciuious toying full of foolishe gesture vnquiet vnstable geeuen to carnall Luste and loues desire but as Iuuenall sayth VVhich haue great lust to Venus game Yet in the Act vveake faint and lame For drunkards and Melancholike persons are very lecherous and desyrous of womens cōpanye by reason that theyr genitall members swell and be wyth inflations distended but all their courage is streightwayes layed and al venerous lustynesse soone quayled insomuch that their wyues manye tymes be defeacted of theyr hope and thincke themselues wyth childe
al dry persons 55 Cause of fearefulnes in daungers 93 Cause vvhy many die in lustiest age 3 Charles the V. 91 Chaste lyuing 7. 107 Chaunge in old men daungerous 51 Children forgetfull and vvhy 16. muste not bee skanted of reasonable victualles 27. vvithout beardes vvhy 41. sleepie 58. stirring quicke vvhy 97. remembring thinges done long agoe 121. Childehoode 29 Choler 86. of tvvo sortes 127. the office and propertie therof 128 Choler by vvhat partes of the body it is purged 128. 133. Choler pale or citrine 132 Choler yolkie 133. Leekish or greene ibid. Rustie or Brassye 134 Cholericke folkes dreame many dreadful dreames 132 Cholericke persons great flouters 99 Christ for bodely shape a patcine of perfection 37. voyde of al ill affections 38 Clysters 118 Cocke hovv to make him crovv cōtinually vvith out ceassing 127 Cold the decay of lyfe 60. vvasteth colour 65 Cold bodies not altogether vvithout heate 60 Cold persons drovvsie and vnvveldie 65 Colde thinges stirre vp appetite ibidē Comparison betvvene a common vvealth and a body humaine 11 Cōpoūd medicines named of some of the chiefe ingredientes 32 Compound complexions four 84 Complexion moyst 78 Complexion drye 65 Complexion cold 60 Complexion hoate 38 Complexion temperate and perfect 33 Complexion hoate and moist 87. subiect to putrefaction 103 Complexion colde and moyst 107 Complexion hoate and drye or cholericke 127 Cōplexion cold and dry or melancholicke 135. Concorde in a Realme 12 Concord in mannes body 84 Cōtinēcie chastity a speciall gyft of God. 107 Contempt of God and his vvord punished 144 Contrition 145 Conuenient exercise holsome 7 Coriander 126 Countenaūce outvvard bevvrayeth the affectiō of the mynde invvardely 156 Countenaunce the image of the mynde 36 Counterfeit gate 36 Colour shevveth the complexion 89 Coūsellours levvdly disposed do much harm to youth 98 Counsel good profitable to youth 99 Coughe 109 Creatures moste cold in touching 61 Crasis 32 Crisis 102 Cruditie hurtfull 9. 118 Custome that is il must by little and little be altered 50 Curiositie in searching highe mysteries 77 D DAuid slevve a Lyon a Beare Goliah 44 Death vvhat it is 135. 28. Death eyther violent or naturall 67 Death by yll dyet and surphet hastened before his tyme. 3 Death of it selfe dreadful 67 Death to the faythfull not terrible nor dreadful 30 Death vvithout any payne 93 Dead persons heauier then liuing vvhy 5 Degrees of heate in man. 34 Democritus nature alvvayes laughing 36 Description of a body perfectly temperate 34 Deuil a crafty and slye spirite 22. hovv he learneth the thoughtes of mā 23. his long experyence in mischiefe ibid. his temptations ibidē hovv farre he is able to hurt ibidem Dyet for colde persons 65 Difference betvveene sanguine and cholericke folke 99 Dynner 156 Diseases proceding of phlegme 109. of Catarrhes and Rheumes 110 Diseases of the Splene or Milt 142 Discorde and dissention in a country vvhat mischiefe it bringeth 12 Disturbers of publique tranquillitie muste bee rooted out 11 Diuersitie in natures 14 Diuersity in opinions 88 Doggish appetite 116 Dogdayes 47 Doltes 101 Dreames after perfect concoction in the night happen not in vayne 37. 95 Dreames shevv the disposition and complexion of the bodie 112 Dreames naturall are interpretable ibid Dreames diuine ibid. Dreames peculier to phlegmatik persons ibid. Dreames not rashly to be credited 113 Dronkardes sleepy and vvhy 58 Dronkardes stammer and dovvble in their speache 111. their sundry condicions 149. in the act of generation vveake lumpishe and feeble ibidem Dycers 101 E EAsterlye people fearful and timerous 13 Education altereth nature 16. 99 Eele beinge dead floateth not aboue the vvater 111. Eyes 80 Elementes of mannes bodie 25. 86 Elementes fovver 26 Emptines 55 Englishmen 18. vvel coloured 48. sumptuous at their table ibid. England for cleanlynesse neatnes praised 47 Englishmē more subiect to the Svveate then other nacions 102 English Svveat vvhen and vvhere it began ibid. Erick kinge of Svveden 16 Euery mā must search out his ovvn inclinatiō 6 Euery member in the bodie serueth to some necessary vse 12 Euery part of the body hath his seuerall office vertue 108 Euills must be cured by their contraries 47 Exercise conuenientlye vsed verye holsome 7. vvhat profite cōmeth thereof 51. order therof 52. sortes thereof 53. vvhen to be vsed 104. Exercise fitte for crookebacked persons 53. F. Fayth bringeth foorth good vvorkes 24 Fasting persō heauier thē one that hath eatē meate 5 Famished persons dye the seuenth day 151 Feare of death vvorse then death it selfe 93 Fishes hauing vvarme bloud 61 Fishes liuing long after they be taken out of the vvater ibid. Fish ill for surly and solitary persons 61 Flemminges 17 Foode holsommest to eate 111 Forgetfulnesse of some thinges is best 121 Forme of a common vvealth 11 Foules hard of digestion 65 Foure naturall povvers or Vertues 9 Frenchmen 18. prompt and readie vvitted 19 French kinge killed at the Tylt 54 Friction 73. Sixe sorts thereof ibid. Fulnesse of stomacke hurtfull 54 G. Gall the fountain and vvelspring of anger 148 Garden herbes good for cold bodies 66 Generation of milke 108 Generation of sperme ibid. Germaines 16 Good dyet 19 Good for euery mā throughly to knovv his ovvn complexion 1 Grosse bloud 13 H. HArte the fountayn of lyfe 9 89 Hare maketh melancholicke nourishment 133. being hunted and chased is muche holsōmer ibid. good for many purposes in physicke ibidem Harme to a Realme and to a body first procedeth from the head 110 Harme of venerye and carnall copulation vvith vvomen Vide carnal acte Hayre blacke 39. 41. Curled 39. Yealovve 41. 129. VVhite ibid. Red ibid. Aburne ibid. Hayres hoare 112 Head harmed by the disorder of the lovver mēbers 104 Head and stomacke engendrers and receptacles of phlegme 109 Heate likened to the Sūne and moysture to the Moone 78 Heate causeth boldenesse 43 maketh good colour 64. Health vvhat it is 1. passeth gold or treasure 2 Health asvvell of mynde as of body to be cared for because the one cannot vvell be vvithout the other 2 Health sundry vvayes assaulted crushed and altered 29 Heraclitus nature alvvayes vveping 36 Herbes that are venemous 62 Herbes prouoking vrine 71 Herbes good for the memorie 125 Herbes hoat good for cold bodies 66 Hoate complexion 38. Tokens thereof 39 Hoarinesse in meates 112 Hoarcenesse 109 Hollanders 16. forgetfull and sleepie ibid. Holsome aire 19. as necessary for bodyly healthe as holsome meat and drincke 26 Holsome exhortation 156 Holy ghost vvhat he vvorketh in vs. 24 Humours are chaunged one into another 3 Humours ministre occasion vnto each seuerall complexion to ensue seuerall vices 23 Humours grosse as hurtfull to the mind as dead vvine to the body 84 Humours after a sort are the elements of man. 85. 86. Humours of more force then the Planets 10 Hungry sicknesse 65 Husbandry praysed 54 I IAundise 128 Idlenesse 64. maketh the body fatte colde ibid. Imagination of man euil from his birthe 14. 19.
Bloud 99. Scottes 18 Scoffers 101 Secke 102 Seede 85. 105. 106. pollution and effluxioÌ„ therof hovv it hapneth 113 Shauing of the beard helpeth memory 124 Shauing of the head ibid. Short stature vvherof it commeth 27 Sicknesse vvhat it is 12 Signes of sicknesse approching ibid. Sickly persons must eate little bread 156 Signes of a brain distempered 143 Signes of suche as bee subiecte to melancholy 147. Sinne cause of sicknesse and death 67 Sleepe and the commodities thereof 57. 73. time space therof 57. to vvhat vse it serueth 95. good for Cholerick persons 133 Sleepers soundly 57. Small vnquiet sleepers 58. Sleepe by day ill and vnholsome 58. good for rauing or Idlenesse of the brayne 152 Sleeping person heauier then a vvatching 5 Slouth and ease 52 Sound Parents beeget sound children 85 Solitarie persons subiect to the Apoplexie 61 Snailes life 62 Soule 12 Sounding 133 Soueraigntie of the hart 109 Spaniardes 18 Spettle 87 Speach hovv to be restored 126 Spirite 7 vvhat it is 8. requireth great care ibid. being in good case teÌ„per causeth tranquillitie of mynde ibid. being disteÌ„pered it vvorketh suÌ„dry motioÌ„s bringeth disquietnes ibid vvhat thinges bee thereto moste hurtfull and vvhat most comfortable ibid. 19. 20. greatly comforted vvith svvete smelles 126 Spirite animall and theffects thereof 15 Spirite vital ibid Spirite of nature 20 Stammers 111. cannot speake softlye ibideÌ„ 147. Stitches 103 Stinking breath hovv it commeth 156 Stomacke and head engendrers and keepers of Phlegme 109 Store of hayre hovv it commeth 41 Strong breath and stinking mouthes 156 Studie by candlelight hurtful 74 Studentes exercises 75 Superstition 24 Supper 156 Svveate 87 T TAlnesse of personage 27 Temperance 60 Temperature vvhat it is 32. nine differences thereof ibid. subiect to chaunge 88 Testicles 85 Tettars 134 Text of Esay expounded 114 Themistocles vvished to learne the Arte of forgetfulnes 122. his nature disposition vvhile he vvas young 130 Thinges making good digestion spirites 5 Thinges good for the memory 125 Thinges not natural sixe 46 Thinne bloud 13 Three most holsome thinges for health 7 Timon a deadly hater of al men and al companye 143 Time for euery matter 77 Tokens of a cold complexion 64 Tokens of a moist body 80 Tokens of the dispositioÌ„ of phlegmaticke persons 114 Tokens of sanguine persons 99 Tormentes of an vnquiet minde and guilty coÌ„science 143 Tranquillitie of minde 31. 59 Traunce 103 Triall of good horses 54 Trophonius Denne 146 True goodes 2 Tumblers 101 Turpentine 72 Turpentine hovv to prepare it ibid. to make it liquide and potable ibid V VEnerie Vide Carnall acte Veyne opened shevveth oculerly ech of the four humours 86 Veines from vvhence they spring 89 Vertues defaced and marred by vices 44 Vitall moisture 7 Vitall spirite 12 Vlcers 134 Vnholsome meates spilleth nature 27 Vnablenes in some to beget children 43 Vomite must be seeldome prouoked 55 vvhen to vomite ibideÌ„ to vvhat persons it is most hurtful 56 Voyce 45 VV WAnne colour 65 VVasshing of the head 126 VVatching ouermuch hurtful 58 VVavvvard persons 12 VVhores 106 VVolfe a disease 134 VVomen full of hayre on their heads 42 VVomen hayrie lecherous ibid. cause of barrennes in vvomen 43 VVormevvood holsome for the Lyuer 104 VVringing in the small Guttes 129 VVyfe bravvlinge and skoldinge likened to a dropping house 110 VVylie Foxes 130 VVylie vvinckers 58 VVyne hurtfull to children 49. maketh the hart mery 138. VVisemen sometime fearefull 94 Y. YouÌ„gmen somtimes vveake vvearish feeble and vvhy 28 Youngman sodenly gray headed 91 Youth 29 Z ZEale vvithour knovvledge 25 Zelanders 17 Zeno. 5 T N. FINIS Lib. 2. Offic. Mainteners of health Health Sickenes Soule Sat. 10. True goods Health passeth gold Hor. lib. 1 epist. epist. ad Albium Nosce te ipsum Eccles 7 Death by ill diet many times hastened before his due time Lib. 2. Georg. The minde ib. 8. ca. 7. Mago made LioÌ„ tame VVhat maketh good digestion Eccle. 31. VVhat maketh a man merie The nature of Lupines A dead man heauier theÌ„ a lyuing Hor lib. 3 Oda 21. Euery man must search out his ovvn inclination and nature It is someâ—â— time good to chaunge nature Lib. 12. Cap. 1. Genes 2. The commoditie of matrimony Three most holsome thinges Georg. 3 The bodye consisteth in thre things Humour Heate Spirite Pers Sat. â— Things hurt full to the spirits of man. Prouer. 17 Eccle. 30. Things coÌ„fortinge the Spirits What Spirite is The heart is the fountaine of life Foure natural povvers The office of digestioÌ„ Howe affections are caused Cruditie hurtfull Oppilation and putrefaction the original cause of diseases What riott bringeth a man to Matth. 14 Iohn Baptist beheaded Disturbers of publique peace ought to be rooted out The fourme of a coÌ„mon wealth 1. Cor. 12. Members of mans body Li. 2. Dec. 1. No meÌ„ber in the whole body but it serueth to some necessary vse Signes wherby to know when a man is not wel at ease Vital spirite Northern people Lib. 1. Grosse blud Thin bloud WheÌ„ce the diuersitie of natures coÌ„meth RebellioÌ„ in the body Levvde thoughts Gen. 6. 8. Spirite animal 12. Meth. Erick kinge of Sweden Germans HollaÌ„ders Hollanders forgetful sleepie Old men children forgetfull Education altereth nature ZelaÌ„ders The nature of such as be borne and bred neere the Sea. Flemyngs Brabanders Italians Italians wil couertly beare a secret grudge in mynde a great while Pers Sat. 5 Englishmen Englishmen and Scottes haue greate stomacks angry Spaniardâ— Vir. lib. 4. A Enei Spaniardes haue good wittes Frenchmen Frenchmen prompt and ready witted Good diet holesome Ayre Spirite of Nature The Spirite of the Lord. Psalm 33 Genes 1. Iohn 1. Hexa lib. Gen. 1. Lib. 3. de Arte amaÌ„di Lib. 6. Fast Actes 17. Aratus in Pheno Angels Hebr. 1. Lares Good Angels Ill Angels DaemoÌ„ à sciendo 2. Para. 26 Hebr. 4. Psalm 7. How the deuil learneth the thoughts of meÌ„ One man a deuill to an other Matth. 4. 2. Cor. 12. Iob. 30. Howe farrâ— deuils are able to hurte vs. Humours giue occasion to vices Sapien. 1. Gen. 2. What the Holy Ghâ—â— worketh 〈◊〉 vs. Gal. 4. Rom. 8. Fayth bringeth forth workes De preparat EuaÌ„g lib. 1. Superstition Art. Poet. IuueÌ„ Saty 14 Tuscul 3. Rom. 10. Zeale withoute knowledge In Arte Poet. A Eneid lib. 1. IIII. ElemeÌ„tes TueÌ„d valet lib. 1. Meate and Ayre a like necessary The nature of seede and bloud Cause of talnesse â—â—ildren â—â—ulde not sâ—aÌ„ted of eâ—r victuâ— Naughty vnholesome meate spilleth nature Shorte stature how it commeth Olde age Death what it is Lustye olde age wherof it coÌ„meth â—hat maâ—th yonge â—e weake What thiÌ„gs are hurtfull to health Art. Poet. Iob. 14. Infancie Childhod Pubertie Adolescencie Youth MaÌ„s age Death to the faythful not to be feared The times of the yeare compared to the ages of man. Metam lib. 15. TraÌ„quillity and quietnes of mind Temperament Temperament Intemperatures Compound drouges named of