upon earth some of the poore that lie in the dust who want bread to keep themselves alive all these shall be counted to the Lord for a generation a seed who shall serve him and what shall this service be even to declare and set forth his righteous works from generation to generation here is all this holy seed hath to do first to seek him then to praise him to enioy him and to glorifie him So that what Solomon said of fearing God and keeping his Commandments this is the whole duty of man The same I may say of thanksgiving praise God and glorifie him for this is the whole duty of the Church in this world And not onely in this momentany pilgrimage but even to all eternitie if you would know what the triumphant Church doth how the glorious Saints and Angels are employed this one word Hallelujah expresseth it fully praise ye the Lord And by this time I hope you see good reason why our praises should succeed our prayers and accompany our deliverances But will some say all this labour might have been spared is there any man who will not praise God Doth the man live who is not willing and ready to give God the praises due unto his Name I answer Indeed if to praise God were no more then most people think it were the most universall common easie cheap and constant duty in the world such who never kept a holy fast in all their life time such who neither pray to God in their family nor in their chamber do yet if their carnall minds may be the iudge praise God an hundred times Every day their ordinary phrase is I thank God I praise God Ask but of their welfare well I thank God they say Enquire of their families all well I praise God Every mouth is filled with the praises of God blessing proceeds out of the same mouth which is full of cursing young men and maids old men and children can all praise God But alas most men are infinitely mistaken in this dutie a thankfull man who can finde there is not in all the world a duty more rare to be found a duty more spirituall more difficult more costly then the duty of praise Let me therefore that we may not mistake when we come to application give you briefly the Institution of a thankfull man according to the word and I will bring it all to these two heads First the qualification of the person of a thankfull man who and what he is Secondly the Ingredients into the duty or what makes it up Who the man is And what his work is First who is the man that may praise God Answ. Onely the godly man True it is all men even the worst are bound to do it it lies upon them as a duty but it belongs not to them as a priviledge it is the priviledge onely of the righteous they may do it Rejoyce in the Lord ye righteous it becomes well the just to be thankfull Let the high praises of God be in their mouthes Their praises please the Lord better then a bullock that hath horns and hoofs Not so the wicked they have a woolfe by the eares in this work if they do it not God will have his glory out of them Pharaoh Senacherib Herod such as proudly seek to rob him of his glory shall yeeld him his glory in their righteous destruction they would not do it with singing they shall do it with howling On the other-side if they bring their peace-offerings God spreads the dung of their sacrifices upon their faces They are an abomination to him See this notably expressed in the 50 Psalme vers. 7. and so forward the Lord shâ—wed how little pleasure he took in the sacrifice of beasts in comparison of the sacrifice of praise and thanksgiving Offer unto God thanksgiving and pay thy vows to the most high Call upon me in the time of trouble and I will deliver thee and thou shalt glorifie me This God takes pleasure in Mark now what follows But unto the wicked saith God what hast thou to do to take my covenant into thy mouth who required these things at thy hands so that you see whether wicked men praise God or praise him not they are abhorred by him Just as some great Lord of a Mannour who having an enemy holding lands of him will compell him to do suit and service and yet abhorres him in his suit and service But Israel may rejoyce in God let them praise him in the dance let them sing praises to him with timbrell and harpe for the Lord takes pleasure in his people The second quare what makes up the duty Now you have found the man wherein stands his work Answ. When God appointed the sacrifice of peace-offerings he made it an indifferent thing whether it were a male or female so it were the best they had the best it must be Cursed be that deceiver who hath a male and sacrificeth a corrupt thing unto God Were a female the best it was accepted provided it were a whole one To bring a limbe of a torne beast should I accept this at your hands saith the Lord He will have all or none A whole one then it must be Now this whole peace-offering is made up of these 3. things The first is the soul which is the fat and inwards of it Secondly the tongue which is the glory of it Thirdly the life which indeed is the life of thankfulnesse 1. First the soule the heart and spirit this must chiefly be looked to having to do with the Father of spirits with God the searcher of the heart I will praise God saith David with my whole heart My soule praise the Lord and all that is within me praise his holy Name My heart is fixed O God my heart is fixed I will sing and give praise Now to this soul-praising of God are required principally these three things First A A minde observing the wayes and mercies of God a spirit inquisitive into Gods wayes not out of Athenian curiosity but as Bees flie from flower to flower to gather honey to digest them into matter of praise and thanksgiving God makes it an argument of an unthankfull heart not to consider his wayes nor the operations of his hands And on the other side it is an argument of a thankfull heart to take pleasure in searching out the works of God See how David sets this down in the 68. Psalme ver. 14. They have seen thy goings O God the goings of my God my King in the sanctuary then follows The singers went before the players on Instruments followed after Blesse ye God in the Congregation First they observe Gods footsteps then blesse him in the Congregation And in the 107. Psal. after the Prophet had set down the variety of Gods administrations for which he should be praised he thus
a self-abhorring spirit for our vilenesse against so gracious a God is infinitely pleasing to him Oh saith David when God had pardoned his great sin and healed his broken bones I would give thee sacrifice and burnt offerings if thou delightedst in them But these God cared not for but David lights upon that which he cared for The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit a broken and a contrite heart O God thou wilt not despise Secondly the giving up of our selves bodies and souls to have and to hold and to use them at the will of the Lord to consecrate them unto him to do him faithfull service This is notably expressed by David in the 40. Psalme when he studied what to render to God and found that sacrifice and offerings God did not desire but this pleased him My eare thou hast bored What is that boring his eare why he alludes to the practise in Israel that when a servant did chuse to dwell with his master for ever his master should bore his eare through with an awle So saith David I will be thy servant for ever I delight to do thy will O God thy law is written in my heart This is a little otherwise expressed Hebr. 10. 5. In stead of reading it my ear thou hast opened The Apostle following the Septuagint reads it a body hast thou prepared me but full to the same sence as if he should have said Lord thou hast fitted me moulded my body and soul to be thy servant This same thing the Apostle cals for I beseech you brethren by all the mercies of God that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice holy acceptable unto God which is your reasonable service this is a second peace-offering Thirdly when God had put an end to all Leviticall sacrifices both Propitiatory and Eucharisticall in stead of them he hath instituted the attending upon his holy ordinances praying preaching hearing Sacraments to be in the Christian Church acknowledgements of our homage spirituall sacrifices acceptable unto him through Jesus Christ This the Apostle expresseth in the 13. to the Hebrews vers. 15. Having before shewed that all other sacrifices were abolisht he tels them that the calves of our lips the sacrifice of praise were now to be offered up to God continually Fourthly and lastly the works of mercie the poore visiting the sick feeding the hungry clothing the naked ministring to the necessities of the Saints are an adour of a sweet smell a sacrifice acceptable well-pleasing unto God To do good and to communicate saith Paul forget not for with such sacrifices God is wel pleased Provided that because they are sacrifices they must not be offered to the Idol of our own credit or esteeme or private ends but unto God alone even in obedience unto him and for his glory Thus have I as briefly as I could possibly given you the true Institution of a thankfull man his person must be holy his sacrifice must be whole made up of heart and tongue and life an observing minde suitable and enlarged affections a readie memorie a tongue to tell Gods praises a life using Gods mercies aright abusing none of them abhorring himself before God devoting himself unto God humbly waiting upon his ordinances and according to his ability endeavouring to be an Instrument of help and comfort to him that needeth Now give me leave Right Honorable and beloved to endeavour to set all this home to your hearts in a double use First for Humiliation Secondly for Exhortation First for humiliation It may be some will think it unseasonable in a day of rejoycing to put you upon sorrow and mourning but certainly could I but help you to be rightly humbled for and to slay this beast of Ingratitude it would be the best peace-offering which ever God received from many of your hands neither will you ever be able to give him the sacrifice of an humble contrite heart till your spirits be laid low in the sence of this great sin Let me speak plain and in earnest I remember I speak to a great assembly to an assembly of Gods but I speak in the name of a great God before whom you are but as so many gras-hoppers his potsheards his poore sinfull creatures Pardon me ye great Lords and Gentlemen if I passe over all your eminencie and discharge my dutie Are we not a most unthankfull people Do we render to God according to his infinite mercies vouchsafed to us I could easily set before you great lists and Catalogues of mercies which you have received Many in common with the rest of the world Many in common with this Nation to which God hath been mercifull above all Nations upon earth Many in common with the places where you live Many peculiar to your own persons to your own souls and bodies to your estates families relations privative mercies positive mercies ye eat mercies drink mercies weare mercies compassed about and covered with mercies as much as ever the earth was with water in the time of Noahs flood But beloved where is your thankfulnesse for all these mercies to be found I can tell you where the houses are that are full of mercies but who can tell me where true thankfulnesse may be found May not God say of you that for all his goodnesse and mercies which he hath multiplied and bestowed upon you the return is nothing but abominable Ingratitude let me help you in a few things 1. Are there not abundance to be found who take no notice of Gods gracious dealing to them either through the pride of their heart esteeming nothing worthy of their observation or having their souls so crooked to the earth that they cannot look up to heaven or through the peevishnesse of their spirit burying ten thousand mercies under one clod of discontent and so can finde nothing for which they should either rejoyce in God or love him or admire his goodnesse to them 2. Are there not abundance whose tongues in stead of being their glory to exalt God and his goodnesse are as it were set on fire of hell depressing his majestie reproaching and blaspheming his Name and works his ordinances and servants seldome naming him for his praise unlesse when with the Pharisee pretending to thank God they intend to commend themselves 3. Are there not abundance even great ones Lords Ladies Gentlemen whom God hath singularly and eminently loaden with his mercies who with all thâ—se do nothing but beare armes to fight against God as David against Goliah with his own sword Waters of a full cup are wrang out into them they prosper in the world encrease in riches they have all their hearts can desire therefore pride compasseth them about as a chain therefore they are corrupt and wicked therefore they may swear and drink dice and drab Oh beloved God hath a tallie of all the mercies which you enjoy a Catalogue of all the favours which he
God must prove successelesse in the event how wise how cunning how strong soever they are who manage an ill cause against the Lord and against his Church though for a time with that little horn in the 7. of Daniel they may be very stout and speak very great things and make warre with the Saints and prosper though they may carry the ball long at their foot they can never winne the goale God will come in an adversary against them he will awake as one out of sleep like a mighty man that shouts by reason of wine and put them to a perpetuall reproach Search all the Scriptures and you shall finde that this is the heritage of the servants of the Lord that no weapon that is formed against them shall prosper either their plot fails or the thing which they intended is turned another way Their plot failed not in the 6. of Daniel they aymed to get Daniel into the Lions den and in they got him but they little thought that the event should be Daniels preservation and exaltation and their own destruction So the devill and his Instruments failed not in their plot in getting Christ upon the Crosse but they little thought that this bruising of our Saviours heel should prove the breaking of the Serpents head The redemption of the Church and the leading of all the power of darknesse captivity captive Mark this all ye wisemen and great Polititians of the world that dare drive designes against the cause of God and his Church write it down and say your unworthy Minister taught you this day from God Though ye take counsell together it shall come to nought though ye speak the word it shal not stand for God is with us Hamans wife long ago could tell her husband if Mordecai was of the seed of the Jews he should never prevail against him but should surely fall before him Weigh therefore all your designes in the ballance of the Sanctuary lay aside all carnall and sinfull projects put your selves and all your reason under Christs footstool take Gamaliels counsell refrain from opposing those men who advance Gods work you cannot overthrow it lest haply ye be found even to fight against God Secondly this may be a mighty and wonderfull refreshing to all the servants of God in their deepest and heaviest pressures and afflictions though one deep call to another though thou seem to be cast beyond the Antarctick pole though all humane hope and help fail though thy heart fail and thy flesh fail thy God will never fail though thou art at thy wits end thou hast no cause to be at thy faiths end take Gods book in thy hand finde out the promises how God hath engaged himself to help at a pinch and when thou hast got a promise of deliverance then beleeve that heaven and earth shall be jumbled together rather then one jot or title of Gods promise shall not come to passe in due time Nay though he seeme to break his promise beleeve it not for so he seemed to do to Mary and Martha he sent them word Lazarus sicknesse was not to death and he seemed to fail for Lazarus died but they should have beleeved any thing rather then that that sicknesse should have been unto death Object But what if I can finde no promise that God will deliver me out of this strait I answer either thou art in covenant with God or not if thou be not in covenant if thou be an unbeleever an impenitent person I assure thee there is no promise in all this book of God that speaks one word of comfort to thee All Gods promises are yea and Amen to them who are in Christ Jesus I should wrong God and his truth and thy soul in speaking one word of comfort to thee But if in truth thou reliest upon Christ the bent of thy heart be turned to God and so thou be brought under the line of his covenant then I say to thee if there be no promise for thy strait thy strait is not greatly to be regarded God hath made promises to deliver thee from every evill work from what ever might hurt thee and thou needst not feare that which cannot hurt thee Thirdly and lastly Right Honorable and beloved how should this steel your spirits and raise up your hearts and make you with Jehoshaphat lifted up in the wayes of God you have great works to do the planting of a new heaven and a new earth amongst us and great works have great enemies they are attended with great dangers and oftentimes great fears ceize upon the spirits of Moses himself when he looks upon the work which he knows too great for him But could you remember that you walk not onely under Gods protection but under a promise that he will come in when ever you need him how boldly might you place your help in the Name of this God who hath made heaven and earth Set you your hearts to Gods work God hath set his heart upon you to deliver you and he can do it Darius set his heart on Daniel to deliver him and laboured it but could not do it But it is but for your God to command deliverance and it comes I may say the lesse because of all the experience you have had of Gods fulfilling this since your meeting together how often have you been at your wits end how often have you ebb'd and flowed and yet in all your extremities God hath come in beyond your expectation Trust still in this God seek him in his own way and say thus with your selves He is our rock our fortresse he will deliver us his truth shall be our shield and buckler Yet remember that I do not teach you that ye can never be left to suffer in a good cause that were to preach contrary to the Gospel all Christs disciples must take up their crosse and follow him you shall read in the 11. of Daniel ver. 33. That they that understand among the people and instruct many shall fall by the sword and by flame by captivitie and by spoil many dayes and when they fall they shall be holpen with little or no help but yet mark what follows their fall shall onely be as the silver fals into the furnace There are three ends why the Refiner of silver puts it into the fire First to try it whether it be pure or reprobate silver Secondly to better it to purge out the drosse Thirdly to burnish it to make it more beautifull So these shall fall to try them and to purge and make them white neither shall it be so long as their enemies please but even to the time of the end to the time appointed by God Resolve therefore upon it that if ye do suffer if evill do betide you in a good way and for a good cause your sufferings will be better for you then freedome from sufferings they shall be onely to try you
concludes the Psalme Who so is wise and will observe these things even they shall understand the loving kindnesse of the Lord And ye may further observe that the thankfull men recorded in the Scriptures have not let slip from their observation the very circumstances of Gods dealings towards them not onely the substance of the mercie in a grosse summe but all circumstances which have accompanied it as time place manner meanes Secondly this soul thankfulnesse must have affections suitable to the mercies bestowed when our heart is affected according to Gods dealing this is thankfulnesse And these affections are chiefly love and joy I love the Lord because he hath heard the voice of my prayer And then they must rejoyce in his mercy Rejoyce in the Lord ye righteous it becomes the just to be thankfull Thou Lord hast made me glad through thy work therefore will I triumph in the works of thy hands Mercies are not mercies deliverances are not deliverances to men who are not glad of them God gave David a great deliverance from his rebellious sonne Absolon he upon the news weeps and cries out O Absolon my sonne my sonne Was this thankfulnesse God hath wrought a great deliverance for us can those men whose fingers itcht for blood and are grieved at our peace be thankfull for this deliverance Thirdly the last thing which makes up this soul-thankfulnesse is the laying up and registring these mercies of God in our memorie to lay them up in our treasurie not as some do their bundles of old writings in their counting-house never looking on them in seven yeers but in a memory which may suggest to them upon every occasion what great things God hath done for them A memory which will lay Gods mercies before them as the Chronicles which Ahasuerus read when he could not sleep in the night God requires it should be so The righteous Lord hath so done his marvellous works that they ought to be had in thankfull remembrance This thankfull memory feeds the heart with continuall matter of praise fils the thoughts with admiration of Gods dealing towards them shews them how Gods mercies passe their understandings in the manner of them in the measure of them making the soul stand amazed thankfull hearts have found so much good in remembring of Gods mercies that they have been carefull to keep Registers and set up Monuments to help their memorie endited Psalmes to bring to Remembrance gave Names to places where mercies were received new Names to times when they were received write the Names of their deliverances upon their children that the sight of them might quicken their memories and thoughts Yea God himself used to take new Names to himself as he gave new mercies sometimes calling himself The God that brought Abraham from Vr of the Caldees then the Lord that brought them out of the land of Aegypt then the Lord that gathered his people out of the North countrey and now since the greatest deliverance of all The God and Father of our Lord Iesus Christ And all to help their memories 2. This is the Inside of a thankfull man but if praise be in the heart it will not be kept in but it will be like oyle in the right hand like the word in Ieremies heart like a burning fire in his bones which he could not contain within The tongue will be set on work and beares a great part in this Musick of thankfulnesse confessing to God publishing to others I will tell you what God hath done for my soul My tongue shall ever be talking of thy wondrous works and of thy praise all the day long Our tongue is therefore called our glory because with it we glorifie God As praise is Gods glory so our tongue in exalting him is our glory Now this tongue-praise is not confined to saying of a grace singing of a Psalme uttering a Benedictus or Te Deum laudamus but in all speech which tends to exalt God and sets forth his excellency Iunius told the mercies of God when he wrote his owne life And Davids tongue was ever talking of Gods praise because his speech one way or other rended to exalt God Thirdly true thankfulnesse is expressed in the life as one truly saith the life of thankfulnesse consists in the life of the thankfull The praising of God and ordering our conversation aright are not onely inseparable but exegeticall interpretations one of another Now this life Thankfulnesse stands in these two things First in using Gods mercies to the right end this is to praise him indeed without this all other thankfulnesse is but complement formalitie and hypocrisie Set this down for an everlasting truth that its impossible God should be praised with an abused mercie Did Israel and Judah praise God for their faire jemels of gold and silver which God had given them when they made to themselves Images of men and committed whoredome with them Did they praise him for their broidered garments their fine floure oyle and honey wherewith God clothed and fed them Did they praise him for their sonnes and daughters when they sacrificed them unto devils Read the sixteenth of Ezekiel and you will finde the contrary I shall give you one example which will cleare it beyond all contradiction and that is of Hezekiah God gave him a most miraculous recovery he was sick to death and it is thought he was sick of the plague God not onely healed him but made the Sun go back for six houres at least and by this miracle told all the world that the God who loved Hezekiah had recovered him from death to life Now mark Hezekiahs thankfulnesse as soon as he got up he makes a Psalme wherein he confesses his unworthinesse his bitter affliction Gods gracious restoring of him goes to the Temple and sings it resolves to sing it all the dayes of his life who would not think but this man had been thankfull But Hezekiah abused this mercie his heart grew proud he began to think himself the most remarkable man in the world discovers this vanity of his heart to the Ambassadours of the king of Babylon See now what God judged of his thankfulnesse Hezekiah was sick to death and God spake to him and gave him a signe but Hezekiah rendred not again according to the benefit done unto him for his heart was lifted up Never doth a man render according to the mercie who abuseth the mercie The second thing in life thanksgiving is the rendring back again to God what God requires by way of homage or Lords-rent Quid retribuam What shall I render to the Lord is every thankfull mans Psalme Now although no man can give unto God any thing worthy of him yet there are foure things which God requires and accepts from all his thankfull people by way of homage First an humble broken contrite heart a self-renouncing
hath bestowed upon you and if you be found to be the people who thus requite him who are thus advanced and work all these abominations God will ere long say of you as David said of Nabal Surely in vain have I kept all that this fellow hath and he hath requited me evill for good I will not leave any thing that pertains to him in vain have I done all which I have done for these men they have requited me evill for good I will strip them naked I will deprive them of all my abused mercies I will spend my arrows and heap mischiefs in stead of mercies upon them 4. Are there not abundance to whom this thankfull rendring of a contrite heart of bodies and souls consecrated to Gods service reverent waiting upon him in his ordinances and doing good to others thereby to praise God to whom I say these things are the darkest riddles in the world who think God never doth enough for them and think any thing too much for them to do to God But to leave this generall complaint I beseech you Right Honorable and beloved to see what great cause we have to be abased concerning our great Ingratitude for the admirable mercies which God hath bestowed us this very last yeer This one yeer this wonderfull yeer wherein God hath done more for us in some kinds then in fourescore yeers before breaking so many yokes giving such hopes and beginnings of a very Jubilee and Resurrection both of Church and State This yeer wherein we looked to have been a wonder to all the world in our desolations and God hath made us a wonder to the world in our preservation giving us in one yeer a Return of the prayers of fourty and fourty yeers Now look abroad into the kingdome enquire as Ahasuerus did of Mordecai what honour and dignity is done to the Lord for all this my heart would bleed were it rightly affected in the expressing of it We scarce make any shew of thankfulnesse but manifest the very power of Ingratitude Alas there are many whose hearts are grieved at the great things which God hath done for us turning a Jubilee into Lamentations I know not better how to expresse the spirit of these men then by that in the 8. of Ezekiel Among all the abominations which the Lord shewed the Prophet whereby he was provoked to go far off from his sanctuary one was a company of women sate weeping for Tammuz they wept because they they had lost their Idoll so these grieve because they fear to loose their toyes and fooleries which provoke God against us Others bring up an ill report of Gods goodnesse and his worthy Instruments who can see no wood for trees ever enquiring in discontent what is done all this yeer the Parliament hath sate long abundance of money given but what have they done for us Indeed lesse is done then might have been had we been truly thankfull but much more is done then ever thou or I had cause to hope our eyes should see when it is Gods mercie we are not all as Sodome art not thou a wretched man to say what is done by way of sleighting what thy eyes see this day Others deny not but God hath done great things this last yeer and all their enquirie is What is to be done next who as swine under the pear-tree devoure all that fals and whine for more never looking to the hand that shakes down to them in the meane time return nothing to God abate not an ace of any of their former courses whereby God was offended as proud vain wanton worldly prophane this yeer as the last yea a greater torrent of sin for ought I can hear rusheth in and fearfully prevails and domineers in most places God is free in his goodnesse and will be mercifull to whom he will be mercifull and the wickednesse of a Nation can set no bounds or limits to his goodnesse else we should certainly conclude that this drie winde from the wildernesse this ingratitude of ours would even sweep and drive away all Gods mercies from us Yea may I not must I not Right Honorable and Noble Senators humble you even you before the Lord this day even in this day of your rejoycing to make you begin this your Passeover with eating some bitter hearbs have you rendred to God according to the mercies of this yeer I think you may say of Gods dealing towards you as never Parliament could say God hath carried you in his bosome prevented and discovered great designes against you queld great adversaries before you restored great priviledges unto you appeared as your Councellour in all your darknesses opened a doore an out-gate in all your straits all rubs and stumbling blocks before you God hath made them but as vantage ground to raise you higher What should I say you have found your gracious Soveraigne granting I think all your suits hitherto your Rights and Liberties are establisht and your houses built if it were possible you should surpasse the very Angels in thanksgiving Now let your servant be bold with you what glory and honour do you return to God How have you observed the goings of your God and King amongst you With what admiring thoughts are your hearts filled what Reformation appears in your hearts and lives what cost are you at for this God how strongly have you engaged and consecrated your selves and all which you have for his service and glory Lay your hand upon your heart and think in this your day of rejoycing whether your continuance in your old sinfull wayes your unbeliefe your ebbing and flowing in your spirits according as humane hopes and helps have come and gone your not zealously laying to heart the cause of Christ his worship and servants may not make the Lord say of you as of Hezekiah the Lords and Commons of England prayed unto God and the Lord heard them and gave them a signe but they rendred not again according to the benefits done unto them If it be so the good Lord humble you under it and turn away the guilt of this great sinne from you and from us all for Christ Jesus sake and so much for the use of Humiliation Secondly one more for exhortation and I have done Oh that I were able to speak something to raise up your hearts to the practise of this excellent service I shall confine my self to these two heads First a few Motives to quicken you to the duty Secondly a few Directions to guide you in it First the man lives not who owes not this homage or quit-rent unto God yea even for every thing which he hath finde out the man who lies under one evill so great as he hath deserved or enjoyes one mercie which he hath not freely received and that man shall go scot-free from the dutie of thankfulnes Now even common honesty will call for the discharge of this ingenuous equall