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A51463 The history of the crusade, or, The expeditions of the Christian princes for the conquest of the Holy Land written originally in French, by the fam'd Mounsieur Maimbourg ; Englished by John Nalson.; Histoire des Croisades. English Maimbourg, Louis, 1610-1686.; Nalson, John, 1638?-1686. 1685 (1685) Wing M290; ESTC R6888 646,366 432

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greatest number of the French who concluded That he ought with all convenient Expedition to return into France First to give the necessary Orders for the Affairs of his Realm which stood in great necessity of his presence Secondly in regard that having but a very few Knights and Souldiers and who having nothing to subsist upon nor being Master so much as of any one place in the Realm of Jerusalem he could not remain there either with safety Honour or Advantage to himself or the Affairs of the Christians in the East And that he might serve them much more effectually if after having been sometime in France to raise Money and Levy new Troops he should have a desire to return into Egypt to take Vengeance upon these perfidious Enemies of God who had so barbarously violated their Faith and Treaty But all the Knights of the Temple and the Hospital the Patriarch the Prelates and all the Lords of Palestine Cyprus and Syria and even divers of the French Lords among which was the High Steward of Champagne the brave Lord Joinville declared themselves of the contrary opinion and strongly urged That the Honour of the King and welfare of all Christendom in the East obliged him to stay some time longer in the Holy Land That it would be most shameful to abandon so many brave Men as had so faithfully served him in Egypt and also to expose them to the fury of their Enemies who would find them after his retreat much weaker than they were at his coming thither That it was most certain that in the condition wherein things were the Christians of Palestine would not stay there year 1250 but so soon as they should see the King depart they would also abandon the Country and retire to Places of safety and therefore his suddain Retreat must of necessity occasion the loss of all the Realm of Jerusalem for the Conquest whereof the Christians of Europe and especially those of France had spent so much of their Blood and undertaken so many Crusades and that so many thousands of poor Captives who sighed in the Prisons of Caire whereof many were the Relations the Allies or the Friends of those who were in the opinion for the King's return would be reduced to the utmost dispair having once lost all hope of even a possibility of their deliverance since the Infidels would have nothing either to hope or fear from the Christians after having once chased them out of Palestine And in conclusion they added That the stay of the King in the Holy Land for some time longer would without doubt produce the quite contrary Effects to all these Misfortunes which would infallibly be consequent upon his return That it was well known that the King notwithstanding all his losses sustained in Egypt was in a condition to repair one part of them and to strike a terror into his Enemies in regard that all the Money which he had yet expended he had drawn out of the Purses of his Receivers who had gained it unjustly from him That he had still his whole Treasure intire with which he might raise store of good Troops and that so soon as it was known that he would pay well he could not want Souldiers but that men at Arms and Knights would resort to him from all places with which he might serve himself upon the present occasion to very good purpose there being in reality so great a Division among the Infidels that the Sultan of Alepo the most potent of the Sarasins of Syria made War against those of Egypt That he had already taken Damascus from them And that he was resolved in Person to lead his Army into Egypt to revenge the Death of the Sultan his Cousin whom those infamous Mamalukes had so barbarously murdered That the least advantage which the King could draw from this War would be to oblige these perfidious Wretches by the fear which they would have lest he should joyn with their Enemy to set all the Prisoners at liberty That however hereby he would hinder the Infidels from invading the Lands of the Christians And that in the mean time he might fortifie the places which were demolished and thereby leave the Country in a Condition to defend it self whensoever at last he should be obliged to return and leave the Holy Land After he had patiently heard all these Reasons the King took eight days more to consider of what Resolution he ought to make after which having again caused his Lords to be assembled and imploring before them the Light and the Grace of God's Holy Spirit he spoke to them in these Terms That he gave all of them hearty thanks for the Counsel which they had on both parts given him That if any worldly consideration could oblige him to return into France most assuredly it was the Interest of his Realm to which he owed his Principal Applications and his greatest Care But in regard that he was sufficiently satisfied that France had nothing to fear so long as it was under the wise Government of the Queen his Mother who had Forces Courage and Conduct enough to defend it against all those who should in his absence have any designs against it he was resolved not to abandon the Interests of the Kingdom of Jesus Christ in Syria but that he would stay there some time longer to put them into a posture of safety That nevertheless he left all Persons who had a desire to it at liberty to return if they so pleased but withal he promised also on the other side to all those who were resolved to run his Fortune that he would make their choice so advantageous that they should have sufficient reason to be satisfied with it This Discourse of the King moved the whole Assembly though with very different Sentiments in some it excited tenderness and Devotion so that they devoted themselves most heartily with this amiable Prince to the Service of Jesus Christ in others it occasioned Grief and Sadness by understanding the King's Resolution which was so unexpected to them and by seeing that their honour obliged them against their Inclinations still to remain in Palestine But hereupon St. Lewis did not fail presently to give out Commissions and Money for making of Levies however for the satisfaction of the Queen his Mother he sent home the two Princes his Brothers into France whither he writ to all the orders of the Realm that admirable Letter by which after he had given them a full account of all the transactions which till then had happened he exhorted them by all the considerations both Divine and Humane year 1250 to come and share with him in the Glory which was to be acquired by generously sacrificing their Lives and Fortunes to the Service of Jesus Christ Whilest these things were doing the King who made his preparations with so much diligence received the Ambassadors which came to him from Europe and from Asia Pope Innocent sent to give him consolation by
turns the greatest Sinners into the greatest Saints Thus was Jerusalem recovered from the Infidels by the Army of the Crusades in the fourth Year of their Expedition the fifteenth day of July upon a Friday and which is most Remarkable at the very precise Hour wherein the Saviour of the World rendred his Blessed Soul into the Hands of Almighty God his Father as if the Divine Providence had determined so to manage the Movements of this great Affair that the Christians should recover his Inheritance exposing their Lives for his Glory at the same time wherein he had assured them of Immortality and Glory in Heaven by dying upon the Cross to purchase it for them Eight days after this happy Conquest during which time News was brought of the Death of the Patriarch Simeon who was Deceased in the Isle of Cyprus the Princes and Lords who followed them Assembled to Reestablish the ancient Kingdom of Jerusalem by giving it a King as David and Solomon and the other Princes their Successors had been till the Babylonish Captivity Count Raymond of Tholose was then proposed but whether he thought himself in the Age to which he was advanced too weak to sustain so weighty a Charge or feared that this Civility which was offered him would not succeed in regard his own People who had already twice forsaken him acted secretly against his Pretensions he excused himself by reason of his Age and would by no means suffer it to proceed to an Election The same Honor was also offered to Robert Duke of Normandy but this Prince having a great Desire to return as soon as he could had no other design but to get his Chaplain to be chosen Patriarch and it is with great probability of Appearance that it was he who made the Speech which one of the Writers of that time hath transmitted to us which proposed that double Election after this manner My Lords Since it is full time after having Accomplished so happily our Vow in this Glorious Expedition that we should now begin to think of Returning into Europe to Govern in our Persons those Estates which God hath there been pleased to give us and since you have also thought it expedient with all convenient Dispatch to take care for the Government of this Place which we came to reconquer from the Infidels Now my Lords this Capital and Holy City of Jerusalem being both a Royalty and a Patriarchate it is necessary that it should have both a King and a Patriarchate the Royalty and the Priesthood are so nearly linked together and accord so well that the one cannot be without the other for that hath need of the Priesthood to procure the Blessings of Heaven and this stands in need of the Royalty to support it and strengthen that Spiritual Authority which God hath Invested it withal It is our Duty to give our Assistance to the Clergy in the Choice of a Pastor for this Church who may be a Man of Wisdom Probity Spirit and Eloquence capable of so great an Office and all this we have Experienced in Arnold de Rohes who is without Contradiction the most Knowing and Able Man of all the Ecclesiasticks who have followed the Army and therefore I am of Opinion that we who are to take Care as much as possibly we can of this Church ought to Recommend him to their Election for a Patriarch As for that which concerns a King which is wholy in our own Power I can see nothing that should Oblige us to defer the Election for one Moment for it is most evident that we ought to Chuse without any sort of Hesitation that Person whose Piety Modesty Prudence sweet Temper Clemency Justice Integrity Liberality Experience in War Generosity Valour Successfulness Reputation and the Glory which he hath acquired in a thousand noble Occasions whose strength of Age of Body of Spirit whose Nobleness admirable Composure and very Air of Greatness and Majesty worthy of an Empire and a hundred other Perfections conspire to rank him among the greatest Kings that ever were My Lords All these extraordinary Qualities which render themselves so Conspicuous in the Person that possesses them make it appear wholy unnecessary for me to name him and must needs have prevented me in that Design nor is it what I can say but it comes from an Authority far Superior to mine God himself in giving him these surpassing Advantages above the rest of Mankind hath himself named the Person whom he hath chosen like a second David to be the King of Jerusalem It is the Illustrious Godfrey of Bullen Duke of Lorrain and that year 1099 The Prince could not sinish the rest for so soon as he had pronounced the Name of Godfrey all the whole Assembly Interrupted him crying out with the same Mind and Voice Godfrey Godfrey long Live Godfrey the most puissant and pious King of Jerusalem And notwithstanding all the Resistance which the Modesty of that excellent Prince brought to oppose it he was obliged instantly to consent to the Election which by so suddain and universal Consent manifested it self to have the Divine Will and Approbation The very same day he was Conducted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and there Proclaimed King amidst the Acclamations of the whole Army and all the Christians of the Country who came flocking in to Inhabit the City of Jerusalem He was there presented with a Crown of Gold which he absolutely refused protesting that he would never wear a Crown of Gold in a City where the King of Kings had for the Sake of Mankind worn a Crown of Thorns And tho he would not take upon himself the Title of King yet it was constantly given him as all the Historians of that time and Posterity have ever since done to this very Day and certainly never any King better deserved to wear that glorious Title which he adorned with so many Royal Actions the first was of Piety for he Founded two Chapters of Canons in the Churches of the Temple and the Holy Sepulchre as also a Monastery in the Valley of Jehosaphat The second was of his Power and Authority in Obliging Count Raymond to put into his Hands the strong Fortress of the Tower of David which he pretended to keep in his Possession at least till his Return into France though he was generally Condemned by the whole Army for it and even by his own Gascons and Provencalls The third was an Action of incomparable Valour and Conduct manifested in that memorable Victory which he obtained over the Sultan of Egypt for the Sultan coming too late to Succour his People Advanced with a formidable Army to Besiege Jerusalem but King Godfrey eased him of that Trouble For so soon as he received that News he sent to recal Tancred and Earl Eustace who were Marched to take the Fortress of Napolis otherwise called Sichem and Sichar formerly the place where Samaria had stood And as these two Princes who were Advanced as far as
of Tiberias That it was to lose all to lose their Honour by suffering the Princess his Wife who so bravely defended it to perish whilst they stood cowardly looking on And that all the other Cities despairing after such an Example to be relieved would instantly surrender to the Conquerors and follow the Fortune of Tiberias if it should be taken And for any thing else in drawing out the Garrisons from the Cities they should thereby have so good an Army and so numerous that there could not be any room for Fear but that they should beat that Enemy whom they had so often vanquished with far less Forces The four Sons also of the Princess Eschina which she had by her first Husband made a mighty Noise and with repeated Instances demanded Relief to be sent to their Mother The Queen Sybilla also employed for this purpose all the Power which she had over the Spirit of the King her Husband who was indeed her Creature So that in conclusion the greatest part of the Lords inclining to this Opinion some out of Complaisance to the Queen others out of Service to the four Princes of Tiberias and divers out of the design which Count Raymond had secretly communicated to them it was resolved that they should march directly against the Enemies with all the Forces which they could draw out of the Garrisons where none were to be lest but such as were incapable of bearing Arms. And thus with these Troops which were composed of a great many Men and a few Soldiers the Army consisting in twelve thousand Horse and twenty thousand Foot besides the Citizens who were compelled by Force to serve in the War they advanced towards Tiberias Now as Raymond who in Right of the Princess his Lady was Prince of Galilee was better acquainted with the Country than the rest and that he was not only esteemed a great Soldier but that he seemed also to have the greatest Interest in the Victory which was to deliver the Person which ought to be the dearest to him the Conduct of the Army was unanimously committed to him That perfidious Traytor who gave secret Advertisement of all things to the Enemies unfortunately or rather maliciously engaged them in a rude and steril Country among the Straits of the Rocks and Mountains where there was neither Water nor Forrage The Enemies who only waited for this lucky Minute failed not to encompass them with their Troops which were far more numerous after the same manner that the Romans had some time been inclosed in the Furcae Caudinae year 1187 which were not more Famous by the Shameful Ignomony into which the ignorance and the Temerity of their Captains there precipitated their Soldiers then these Straits for the deplorable Overthrow of the Christian Army which was betrayed into the Hands of the Infidels by the baseness of their Perfidious Conductor It was now high Summer in the beginning of July when the Heats of that Burning Climate are most insupportable and there was not one Drop of Water to be found among those Rocks so that the Men and Horses died with Thirst and were able to do no more there was therefore a Necessity of resolving immediately to sight the Enemy For though the Disadvantage was very great by reason that it was impossible to draw up the Army in Battalia in a Post which was so uneven and so strait and broken with Rocks that they could not attack the Enemy but by filing off yet it was impossible to avoid that Choice the Army was divided into a great many Bodies commanded by the Principal Lords who were to follow one another who were to sustain there Companions and who were reciprocally to be sustained by those which followed them The Enemies expected them in good Order to cut them off as they marched in these long Files before they should have Leisure to form themselves into Squadrons upon the Plain to give them Battle The great Master of the Temple who chose to have the Van with his Noble Knights advanced first and charged so furiously upon those Enemies which opposed him that overturning them upon those who followed them he put them into Disorder insomuch that these Gallant men who fought most Valiantly after the Example of their Captain killing overturning or putting to flight all that durst oppose their first Fury had they been sustained by the other Bodies who had Order to follow them the whole Army might with little Difficulty have been drawn from that disadvantageous Post and have had the Liberty of sighting in the Plain Field where they would doubtless have been able to have hoped or however disputed for the Victory but here it was that the detestable Treason of the Perfidious Earl of Tripolis made it self most infamously Visible For he had so ordered the Matter that he himself commanded that Body which was to follow the Templers and he had also disposed the other Troops in such manner that all the Lords who were of his Party were to follow him Now these Traytors would not advance alledging that this was to lead their Souldiers to a perfect Butchery to quit their advantageous Post and to march them thus in Files into the Plain which was all covered with the Battalions and squadrons of the Enemies who must needs cut them all in Pieces taking them thus without Trouble one after another So that these brave Knights infamously abandoned by their Reserves and on every side surrounded by an innumerable Multitude of Sarasins were all either slain upon the Place or taken Prisoners not so much as one of them escaping After this Defeat Saladin seeing that no more durst advance to the Combat approached to the Camp of the Christians which yet he would not adventure to attack but that he might complete their Dispair by taking from them all Appearance of a Possibility to draw themselves out of that wicked Strait he caused Fires to be made in the Woods which invironed the greatest Parts of those Rocks and set strong Guards upon all the other Avenues that so he might sight them with greater Advantage if they should endeavour to Retreat But six Fugitives who run to his Army and to gain Credence with him offered to become Sarasins as they presently did having assured him that the Christian Soldiers were half dead with Hunger and Thirst and under the greatest Consternation so oppressed with their Misfortune Weariness and Despair that they were scarce able to stand or go upon this Advice he instantly resolved to Charge them which he did with that Success that his Army powering in upon them by the Straits which the Christians had abandoned they fell upon these miserable People who were crouded together and who had neither Courage to defend themselves nor Power to fly cross the Flames and the Rocks that it was no longer a Combat but a Horrible Butchery and Slaughter So that almost all the Captains and Christian Soldiers either perished in this miserable Day or were taken Prisoners