To a spiritual discerning there is requisite a due proportion between the object and the faculty such a proportion there is between Christ an object supernaturally revealed and a mind supernaturally inlightned there the Holy Spirit is on both hands I mean outwardly revealing the object in Scripture and inwardly inlightning the mind to make it fit for the object but between Christ a supernatural object and a natural mind there is not such a proportion the Holy Spirit is but on one hand revealing the object but on the other there is only the humane Spirit which without inward illumination doth not spiritually discern the things of God If a meer natural mind might spiritually discern them there would need no opening of eyes no renewing in the spirit of the mind the new Creature would be new but in part the old understanding though that faculty first erred in the fall might serve the turn Faith as far as it is in the Intellect would not be the Gift of God but of our selves the external proposal of the object which is what grace Pelagius allowed would be enough But such things as these being never to be admitted it is evident that spiritual discerning is not a thing common to Reason but proper to Faith which having a divine Light in it doth elevate the mind above it self and make it apt to discern spiritual things in a spiritual manner There being in Faith a spiritual discerning Christ is intellectually present with the Believer in an excellent manner he is in some sort intellectually present with a man of notion but with the Believer he is present in a more divine manner he appears in spiritual beauty the Spirit glorifies him in the heart Oh! what an one is our Immanuel how sweet is his Name how rich his Merits how full his treasures of Grace Every thing in him appears in a kind of ravishing glory he is no longer looked on as a meer matter of speculation but as an object to be for ever loved chosen embraced adored by us the notion of him doth not lie dead upon the heart but lives and warms the inner man into holy admirations and affections towards him we have not a light opinion but a firm perswasion touching him and his Sufferings we can certainly pronounce This is indeed the Christ the Saviour of the World This is the Blood of the Covenant which made an atonement for us we are as sure of it as if these things were before our corporeal eyes and senses nay we are more sure than so we see them in lumine veritatis primae in the light of the first Truth revealing himself in the Gospel This is the first step of Union Christ is spiritually discerned he is intellectually present with our minds in a very excellent manner 2dly Faith doth put the soul into an apt and fit posture for Christ it sets all ready and in order for him In general it doth this by making us poor in spirit A natural man though a fallen creature is very high in his own eyes he is as well as if he had had no bruise at all in the fall as rich as if nothing of mans Primitive excellency were lost he dreams and flatters himself as if his reason could span all Mysteries and his will teem out all Virtues he stands upon his own bottom and wraps up himself in his own false Righteousness he is every way full and wants nothing compleat in himself and knows no dependance And why should such an one go to Christ or seek Union with him or what may be done for such an one who hath all in himself This temper is not only at a vast distance from Christ but it carries in it an utter enmity to him when it speaks out it blasphemes in some such language as that Pagan did who cryed out Aust in Psal 31. Praef. Jam benè vivo quid mihi necessarius est Christus I live well of my self how is Christ necessary to me But as soon as Faith comes a man reflects and sees nothing in natural self but poverty emptiness impotency uncleanness perdition he looks up to Christ and sees all riches fulness power sanctity salvation to be in him he humbles himself as knowing his dependance he puts off his Ornaments that Christ may do somewhat for him he goes down into his own nothingness and desolate self-waiting to have some Communications of Grace from Christ this is the right posture of the soul Poverty here looks up to unsearchable riches Emptiness opens the heart for the effusions of grace Conscience cries out to be cooled with the blood of atonement Impotence waits for the arm of a Saviour to be revealed Nothingness calls for a new Creation to be erected upon the ruines of a lapsed nature All things are ready for Christ to shew forth his Glory in the Believer More particularly Faith puts the soul into an apt posture for Christ in that it hath that in it which answers to all his Offices he is an excellent Priest he offered up himself as a propitiating sacrifice for us he satisfied the Law and Justice of God he made a full and perfect compensation for the sin of the world Unto this Faith answers by its recumbency it ventures all upon Christ it runs under the wings of its Saviour it hides it self in his precious wounds it casts the Believer on him who bore the sin of a World it rolls the soul on his atoning blood and leaves it there for acceptance with God it commits the whole concern of Justification as to the Law to his Plenary satisfaction it hath no other bottom to stand upon but this no other answer to the Law no other plea to divine Justice no other refuge or hiding-place for the soul to repose it self in This is the right posture it is called receiving the atonement Rom. 5.11 because the Believer is in the very instant made partaker of Christs sacrifice His atoning blood is sprinkled on him the great satisfaction covers him as a mystical part of Christ that the Curse of the Law may not seize him or the wrath of God burn him up Again Christ is a great Prophet he brought the holy Mysteries out of his Fathers bosom he speaks outwardly by his Word and by his Spirit he is an inward Ecclesiastes who can enter into the heart and there express himself in words of Life and Power Unto this Faith answers by an humble docibleness it softens and meekens the heart it makes the Believer sit down at Christs feet and hear him in the hardest Lectures if Christ talk of a Cross the Believer is ready to take it up upon his back if of super-rational Mysteries he is ready to subscribe to them he becomes as a little child ruleable by every holy beam or motion he yeilds up himself to the Spirit and Word to be instructed by them this is the apt posture it is called an hearing of the Prophet Acts 3.22 The
Christus in Corde OR THE MYSTICAL UNION BETWEEN CHRIST AND BELIEVERS CONSIDERED IN ITS Resemblances Bonds Seals Priviledges and Marks By EDWARD POLHIL of Burwash in Sussex Esq LONDON Printed by A. M. and R. R. for Tho. Cockerill at the Three-Legs in the Poultrey over-against the Stocks Market 1680. TO THE Christian Reader THERE are three admirable Unions noted by Divines the essential Union of the Three persons in the Sacred Trinity the Hypostatical Union of the divine and humane natures in the Person of Christ and the Mystical Union which is between Christ and Believers In the first we have salvation in the primary fountain of it in the second we have it in the channel or excellent medium of it in the third we have it in the application or actual possession of it The Deity is an Immense Ocean of mercy and goodness but it flows out to us only in and through a Mediator Jesus Christ is a Mediator of Alsufficient righteousness and merit but he communicates himself only to those that are in union with him All our righteousness Caput membra sunt quasi una persona mystica ideò satisfactio Christi ad omnes fideles pertinet Aqu. 3. pars quaest 48. Art 2. Fiant corpus Christi si volunt vivere de Spiritu Christi Aust in Joh. Tract 26. In 3. part Thom. qu. 49. grace peace salvation depends on that Union If we are in him then his satisfactory righteousness covers us his Holy Spirit dwells in us but if we are out of him then our case is as desperate as if he had never satisfied justice as if he had never merited grace and eternal life for us Most true is that of Medina Tota ratio nostrae salutis in eo consistit ut induamus Christum the total sum of our salvation stands in this That we put on Christ who as a learned man hath it is in his imputed righteousness as an artificial garment to us and in his imparted graces as a natural one This mystical union which is of such high concern to our salvation is very signally set forth in Scripture There it is said that Christ dwells in Believers and they in him he abides in them and they in him which expressions point out a mutual inexistence of him and them But because this mystery is very deep the Holy Ghost in condescension to our weakness shadows out this Union by many earthly patterns viz. by the Law-union of a King and Subjects by the Love-union of an Husband and Wife by the Artificial union of the Foundation and Building by the Natural union of the Vine and Branches the Head and Members by the intimate union and incorporation of the Food and the Body There is that in the Mystical union which answer to all these earthly patterns and withal that which as much exceeds them as a substance doth a shadow The bonds of this union are Faith and the Holy Spirit Faith sees comes to receives leans on puts on feeds upon Christ as being the universal capacity to take in Christ into the Soul the Holy Spirit is primaria commissura the primary ligature which knits us to Christ That Spirit which is as St. Austin speaks Patris filii communio brings us into union with Christ that Spirit which united the two natures in Christ unites us to Christ Hence we become mystical parts of him of his flesh and of his bone nay 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 one spirit with him The Seals of this union are Baptism and the Lords Supper Baptism is called by an Ancient Christianismi investitura in it we are said to be buried with Christ and to be risen with him which is notably adumbrated by the baptismal immersion into the water and eduction out of it In the Lords Supper the body and blood of Christ are really though spiritually present to our Faith we may eat his flesh and drink his blood unto life eternal we are as St. Cyprian speaks united to him spiritali transitione by a spiritual transition or passing into him and as St. Chrysostom hath it we are united to his body as that is to the word The priviledges of this union are so great that they are worthy to attract all men into conjunction with Christ the marks of this union are so plain in Scripture that Believers reflecting on themselves may have the comfort of their being in him These are the things that the ensuing discourse offers to the Reader with this only request that he would agnoscere quod Dei est and ignoscere quod hominis est If any glory may come to Christ or comfort to his members by this Treatise it is enough and as much as is aimed at by him who is A Lover of Truth Edward Polhil THE CONTENTS CHAP. I. MIllions in the Church miscarry for want of Vnion with Christ This is cleared from the two Covenants of Works and of Grace from the two heads Adam and Christ from the two ways and periods of mankind Two Vnions with Christ one in appearance another in truth this latter is a mystery it carries a respect to the Vnion of the Sacred persons in Trinity and to the hypostatical Vnion of two natures in Christ it depends on them it resembles them it is that the hypostatical Vnion aims at it is not to be measured by human Reason but by Scripture CHAP. II. The Scripture useth Metaphors to express holy Mysteries by because the mysteries are sublime because it would make us seek the things above It sets forth the mystical union by resemblances There is an analogy between it and other unions an excellency in it above them It sets forth the mystical union by that between a King and his Subjects The mystical union exceeds in the worthiness and nearness of the persons united in the rightness of Laws and Administrations in the intimacy of the union in the benefits of government particularly in protection and rewards CHAP. III. The Mystical Vnion set forth by the Conjugal one There is a mutual consent between Christ and believers The believers consent imports a right knowledg a free choice and a present compliance with Christ Christs consent is purely gratuitous believers purely supernatural Christ and believers mutually make over themselves each to other The Emphasis of that phrase one spirit opened There is an intimate love between Christ and believers he put on an humane nature for them they put off a corrupt nature for him He died for expiation they die in mortification There is a communication of good things from Christ to the Church the Church propagates in Believers and good works The mystical Vnion set forth by that of a foundation and a building Christ laid and Believers built on him by Divine Art The double cement of faith and the holy Spirit Christ is a large and strong foundation he bears up the Church by Divine influences CHAP. IV. The Mystical Vnion set forth by the Vine and the Branches Christ
hath one nature with Believers they are as branches in him and receive juice from him The mystical union set forth by the natural head and the body Those two famous Texts Ephes 4. 16. Col. 2. 19. considered which import more than when Christ is called Head over all things Head of principality and power Head of every man Head of the Heathen or Head of the Church as an Husband Christ as an Head hath the same nature with Believers but exceeds them in order as being first and highest in perfection as being full of Grace in virtue as influencing into the Church The necessity matter and way of this influence Christ an Head above all other heads as making of no member a member and as having virtue enough for a world CHAP. V. The mystical union set forth by that between the food and the body Christ is the true food He strengthens against the cursing Law He strengthens unto all duties He is united to Believers He is food by way of eminency Several conclusions drawn from the resemblances viz. That the Vnion between Christ and Believers is not meerly a political one That it is not meerly a moral one Several reasons to prove the same That this Vnion affords support to Believers That it gives a vital influence to them That it is a very intimate Vnion That it hath a great mystery in it That it is very lasting and durable CHAP. VI. There are two Bonds of this Vnion Faith and the Holy Spirit Faith sees and presentiates Christ to the Believer it puts the soul into an apt posture for him it gives a right to him it intimately unites to him The Spirit it self is in some sort communicated to Believers he is sent to them he is given to them he dwells in them his special operative immediate presence is with them he forms Holy Graces in them he actuates and preserves those Graces he sheds abroad Gods Love in their heart In all these Operations two things are noted viz. somewhat of Vnion with Christ and somewhat of the Inhabitation of the Spirit CHAP. VII The Seals of the mystical Vnion are Baptism and the Lords Supper Baptism is a Seal of Vnion not to all but to Believers Some Infants are in their infancy in union with Christ some come to it afterwards some never attain to it The Lords Supper is a Seal to confirm and exhibit Christ to us The presence of Christ in the Eucharist is not a corporal one The Bread and Wine are not as the Papists say turned into his Body and Blood His Body and Blood are not as the Lutherans say in with and under the Bread and Wine The presence of Christ is spiritual He is present objectively to our Faith and virtually in the communicate Spirit Also the eating of Christ is not oral but spiritual CHAP. VIII The Priviledges of those that are in Christ are great Christs righteousness is imputatively derived upon them to deliver them from wrath to intitle them to life eternal Christ is their Advocate above he pleads for them that they may have pardon the spirit access to God They are adopted in him as sons they have a freedom in holy things a continual indulgence from God an heavenly inheritance They have the Holy Spirit in them it lives breathes moves operates in them They have communion with God their services answer to his call his communications answer to their services They are happy in every condition in prosperity their mercies are pure in adversity they have God with them and admirably appearing to them Our great work is Vnion with Christ CHAP. IX The Marks of Vnion considered In general the marks are internal no meer outward thing is a mark the marks are cordial no meer notion is a mark the marks are supernatural no meer moral virtue is a mark In particular The first mark is poverty of Spirit the second is an high estimation of Christ the third is a tender respect to the Bonds of Vnion the Spirit and Faith the fourth is a conformity to Christ a conformity to him in Graces in the rise of them and in the kinds a conformity to him in Sufferings in the mortification of Sin and in bearing of the Cross a conformity to him in his resurrection in heavenliness of mind and newness of life in matter and manner The conclusion in two words of advice one to those that are not in union with him the other to those that are in union with him ERRATA PAge 8. l. 5. read 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 9. l. 4. r. arcanum p. 10. l. 20. r. viventes p. 48. in Marg. r. pignus p. 70. in Marg. r. vinea p. 72. l. 17. r. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 75. l. 16. r. Insititious p. 78. in Marg. r. palmitibus Ibid. r. moventem in se habere Christum movere in Christo Ibid. r. Araus p. 95. l. 15. r. secundum p. 110. l. 26. r. niti p. 112. l. 19. r. Capernaitical p. 121. l. 20. r. forinsecus p. 123. l. 12. r. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 146. l. 5. r. venit p. 168. l. 16. put a at self and dele at waiting p. 176. l. 18. Marg. r. unum p. 184. l. 10. r. nisi Christus in Corde OR The Mystical Union between Christ and Believers considered CHAP. I. Millions in the Church miscarry for want of Vnion with Christ This is cleared from the two Covenants of Works and Grace from the two heads Adam and Christ from the two ways and periods of mankind Two Vnions with Christ one in appearance another in truth this latter is a mystery it carries a respect to the Vnion of the Sacred persons in Trinity and to the hypostatical Vnion of two natures in Christ it depends on them it resembles them it is that the hypostatical Vnion aims at it is not to be measured by human Reason but by Scripture GREAT preparations are made in the Gospel for the salvation of men there God proclaims himself in rich titles of grace and mercy Christ is set forth as an All-sufficient Saviour and Redeemer His blood is a Laver able to wash away all sin his treasures of grace are enough to supply all wants In his precepts we have the true way of holiness and righteousness manifested to us in his Promises we have an heaven of life and immortality opened before our eyes all things are ready on Gods part one would think they should be so on mans whose elective faculty and instinct after happiness might in all reason prompt him to accept of so great an offer Nevertheless Millions in the bosom of the Church utterly miscarry their sins are unpardoned their souls are unsanctified the pure way of holiness is forsaken Heaven the region of bliss is lost and which is the prodigy of corrupt nature they run into perdition as if it were what it is impossible to be their choice or option The reason of this is because they are not nor will be united
are incorporated into him there is a kind of spiritual continuity between him and them that holy Spirit which resides in him falls down in a measure upon them The Scripture signally sets forth this Union He dwells in believers and they in him Joh. 6.56 He abides in them and they in him Joh. 15.4 He is in them the hope of Glory Col. 1.27 And they are in him that is true in Jesus Christ 1 Joh. 5.20 He lives in them and they live by the faith of him Gal. 2.20 He partakes with them Heb. 2.14 And they partake of him Heb. 3.14 Eternal life is in him and they having the Son have life 1 Joh. 5.11 12. He is one flesh with them and they are one spirit with him These things shew that there is a real union between them This real union which is what I aim at is by Divines stiled a mystical one and that upon very good reason the Holy Ghost in Scripture calls it a mystery that is it is a Divine Secret or holy Arcanam above humane reason and only conceivable by a supernatural light De Eccles visib 464. The Learned Whitaker saith of this union that it is mystica plane mirifica mystical and plainly wonderful The noble Sadeel calls it De spirit Mand. 226. magnum adorandum mysterium a mystery great and to be adored as being above nature and all humane bonds Life of Christ 462. Dr. Reynolds stiles it one of the deep things of God which are not discernable without the Spirit There are three admirable Unions the essential union of three persons in the Sacred Trinity These three are one 1 Joh. 5.7 That is one in essence The hypostatical Union of the Divine and Humane natures in the person of Christ Great is the mystery of godliness God was manifest in the flesh 1 Tim. 3.16 The mystical union which is between Christ and his Church We are members of his body of his flesh and of his bones this is a great mystery but I speak concerning Christ and the Church saith the Apostle Ephes 5.30 and 32. Touching these three unions * Christus habet in se Patrem cum quo est unâ substantia habet assumptum hominem cum quo est una persona habet adhaerentem sibifidelem animam cum quâ est spiritus unus Bern. de Verb. Psal 23. fol. 415. an Ancient hath observed That all three may be seen in Christ he hath a Father I may add and a Spirit with whom he is one substance he hath an humane nature with which he is one person he hath adhering Believers with whom he is one Spirit Unto this observation I shall add another the mystical Union which is the last of the three bears a respect to the two former Two or three things will manifest this First The mystical union depends upon the two former a hint of this we have in the words of our Saviour who speaking of himself as God-man and of giving his flesh for the life of the World saith As the living father hath sent me and I live by the father so he that eateth me even he shall live by me Joh. 6.57 Here are tres viveatis three livers one under another the Father who is fons Trinitatis the fountain of the Trinity lives of himself Christ lives by the Father as he is the Word he hath life from him by the eternal generation as he is man he hath it by the hypostatical union The believer who spiritually eats Christ lives by him Conjunction with the Father is that by which Christ lives conjunction with Christ is that by which the Believer lives were there no essential union there could be no hypostatical one which supposes that the second Person in the Trinity doth assume an humane nature made by all three Incarnation say the Schoolmen is effectivè belonging to the whole Trinity but terminativè it is peculiar to the Son who is the alone term unto which the humane nature is assumed were there no hypostatical union there could be no mystical one which imports that belivers are united unto God-man Were he only God how should we fallen creatures ever have an immediate approach unto him or if we could what use would there be of a Mediator It is through him as Mediator that we have access to the Father Eph. 2.18 The way into the holy of holies lies through the vail of his flesh Were he only man to what purpose should we be united to a meer creature or how should we dare to fix our faith on such an one To trust in a meer man is a curse to worship a meer creature a piece of Idolatry Believers therefore are united to God-man the mystical union depends upon the hypostatical and the hypostatical upon the essential Without a Sacred Trinity there would be no God-man without God-man there would be no fit person for Blievers to be united unto Again There is in the mystical union a shadow or dark resemblance of the two other unions There is a resemblance of the essential union This is hinted in our Saviours Prayer As thou father art in me and I in thee that they also may be one in us Joh. 17.21 From which words St. Hilary concludes De Trinit Lib. 8. That the union between Christ and Believers is not meerly a moral union of will and affections for then our Saviour who is the eternal Word and knew how to speak would have prayed thus Pater sicut nos unum volumus ita illi unum velint unum per concordiam simus omnes Father as we will one and the same thing so let them also do and let us all be one by concord But instead thereof our Saviour prays thus As thou Father art in me and I in thee that they also may be one in us The particle as notes some kind of similitude the words thou father art in me and I in thee note out the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or mutual inexistence of the Father and Son a resemblance of which we have in the mystical union which in Scripture is expressed by the mutual inexistence of Christ and Believers he is in them and they in him he dwells in them and they in him Very remarkable are the words of our Saviour I am in the father and you in me and I in you Joh. 14.20 We have here in one Text mentioned the high mystery of the Sacred Trinity and the mystical union together First The inexistence of the Son in the Father and which is implied and to be understood of the Father in the Son is signified and then immediately follows the mutual inexistence of Christ and Believers which shews that in this latter there is a resemblance of the former Again there is in the mystical union a resemblance of the hypostatical one this I gather from the likeness of those Scripture-phrases which express both the unions Christ was conceived of the Holy Ghost
overcome by them the Spirit which is in them is greater than he that is in the world they do duties as becomes them who live at so high a rate in a very lively vigorous manner the free Spirit stablishes and enlarges their hearts to run in the pure ways of holiness and obedience under crosses they do not murmur at the hand of God but in an holy silence subject to it the Spirit strengthens them unto all patience St. Paul glories in afflictions that the Power of Christ may rest upon him 2 Cor. 12.9 The Noble Potamenia being by the Persecutors threatned to be cast into a Vessel of burning Pitch begged of them That she might not be cast in all at once Spondan Annal. Anno. 310. but piece-meal that they might see how much patience the unknown Christ had given unto her The Reason of such acts of power and strength in Believers is because they live upon the Body and Blood of Christ and from thence have a Divine virtue and power to perform the same 2dly Christ as food is united unto believers there is a very close and intimate union between the food and the body and so there is between Christ and believers He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood dwelleth in me and I in him saith our Saviour vers 56. Eating here must not be taken properly an oral manducation is capernastical and indeed a very horrible thing to be imagined Hence St. Austin saith That the command of eating his flesh and drinking his blood seems to require an horrible wickedness and then concludes De Doctr. Christ lib. 3. c. 16. Figura ergo est a thing to be done in a spiritual way Hence Averroes the Philosopher said That if Christians devoured their God he would not have his soul to be with them It is a wonder to me that those who are called Christians should hold such an eating Nay that men on earth should orally eat the body of Christ in Heaven or that his glorified body should come into our earthly mouths and stomacks is to me a thing utterly impossible he is and must for ever remain in glory The eating therefore is a spiritual one done by faith though Christ be in Heaven faith flies up and apprehends him In 1 Cor. 10. Hom. 24. St. Chrysostom would have us be as Eagles and so fly to Heaven and then adds Where the carcass is there will the eagles be Christ our aliment is gone to Heaven and faith follows after him to draw life and virtue from him Faith doth spiritually participate of his body and blood and from thence doth derive a Divine power and strength into the soul As faith ascends up so the holy Spirit comes down upon believers which compleats the union between him and them They dwell in him and he in them as our Saviour speaks they dwell in him by faith and he in them by his Spirit There is a mutual indwelling a most near and intimate union between them The learned Grotius takes this mutual indwelling to be only amore mutuo by a mutual love Amans est ubi amat quod hic tribuitur manducationi id alibi tribuitur dilectioni 1 Joh. 4.16 The lover is where his love is What here is attriouted to eating that in another place is attributed to love He that dwelleth in love dwelleth in God and God in him But I take it there is a difference our union to Christ is first and more immediate and then in and through him we are united unto God It 's true God dwells in the sincere lovers but he dwells in them as in parts of Christ partakers of the atonement were they not such the spots of guilt and imperfection upon them would make the holy one wave dwelling in them Christ is united to us as aliment inlivening and strengthening us but God is not as such united to us though the fountain of life and virtue be in him yet are these derived down unto us in and through Christ of whose body and blood we do by faith participate We are saith Bishop Vsher by a mystical and supernatural union as truly conjoined with Christ as the meat and drink is with us when by the ordinary work of nature it is converted into our own substance 3ly Christ is food by way of eminency Food above all food other bread is comparatively but a shadow or meer figure but he is the true bread 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 living bread which makes men live for ever other bread comes but out of the earth but he is that bread which came down from Heaven The Son very God came down into our flesh and in it was broken upon a Cross that his body and blood might become bread for us He hath saith Bishop Vsher by his death made his flesh broken Incarnat fol. 52. and his blood poured out for us upon the Cross to be fit food for the spiritual nourishment of our souls and the very well-spring from whence by the power of his Godhead all life and grace is derived unto us Thus that excellent man Other food being inferior to the body is changed into our substance but Christ the spiritual food being infinitely more excellent than our souls turns believers who feed upon him into his own likeness Christs blood may be read in their serene consciences his death may be seen in their continual mortifications his Spirit shews it self in their holy graces as they live at an higher rate so they live in a more divine manner than other men Their humility meekness love zeal obedience patience tell us that they live upon him who turns the eater into himself the eater so participates of him as to be assimilated to him Thus much touching the resemblances of the Mystical union I shall now draw out fome Conclusions from them because as is before noted the Analogy between the Mystical union and the earthly patterns serves if genuinely taken not only for illustration but for very good proof 1. The union between Christ and believers is not meerly a Political one such as is between a King and his Subjects It 's true Christ is a King believers are his subjects there are Laws of constitution which make him a King over them and Laws of administration according to which he governs them yet the union between him and them is not meerly Political To make this appear I offer these things The manner of his Kingdom is considerable were his Kingdom such only as earthly ones are there might be some colour to say That the union is only Political But his Kingdom is not of this world Joh. 18.36 It is not mundanae indolis of an earthly but of an heavenly nature Eusebius Hist 13. When the kindred of our Saviour were asked touching his Kingdom they answered Domitian That it was not Earthly but Coelestial It cometh not in outward pomp and glory but in inward efficacy It stands not meerly without in Laws and Ordinances but
words of the Reverend Vsher Serm befor the Commons 1620. The union between Christ and believers is altogether spiritual and supernatural no Physical or Mathematical continuity or contiguity is any ways requisite thereunto it is sufficient for the making of this union that Christ and we be knit together by those spiritual ligatures the quickning spirit and a lively faith Again no distance of time can do it In all the earthly patterns the united are together in time but the ancient Saints under the Old Testament who were in time before the Incarnation of our Saviour were yet united to him saved they were and by whom but by him who is the only Saviour of the world Salvation is not in any other his name is the only name under heaven for that end A Mediator they had and who could that be but the one Mediator between God and men the man Christ Jesus no other but he could be really such A pardon they had and not without shedding of blood the blood of bulls and goats could not take away sin it was only the blood of Christ could do it At the last day they shall be raised up to life and that because they are members of Christ As in Adam all die so in Christ shall all be made alive 1 Cor. 15.22 In these words both the All 's respect members only the last All refers only to Christs members this is very evident Christ is opposed to Adam in Adam members only die in Christ members only are made alive In the next verse it is said That Christ rose as the first fruits and afterwards they that are Christs that is the members of Christ who are the sanctified lump Wicked men rise again by virtue of the threatning of eternal death but all the Saints ancient or latter rise as parts and members of Christ In the Mystical union two things may be noted the foundation of it and the bonds The foundation is the satisfactory and meritorious Passion of Christ out of which springs the Church which is his body the bonds are faith and the holy Spirit Faith ascends up to him the holy Spirit comes down upon believers If we apply these things to the ancient Saints it will appear that they were united to Christ his Death which is the foundation was for them He died as the Scripture tells us for all for every man He gave himself for the world the whole world Which phrases must needs take in those under the Old Testament as well as those under the New and which is most express he is a Mediator for the redemption of transgressions under the first Testament Heb. 9.15 The Ancients were not saved by types and shadows but by Christ Their Moral guilt was not done away by the blood of brutes but by his only sacrifice which though offered up but once in the end of the world was in virtue all one as if he had been slain from the beginning of time Thus the foundation did reach unto them Neither were the bonds of union wanting they had faith in Christ the first promise of the Messiah Gen. 3.15 did point out his humane nature in the seed of the Woman his sufferings therein in the bruise of the heel his victory over Satan in the breaking of the head there was much of Christ in that first Gospel I doubt not but Adam had his eyes opened to see him there Abel by faith offered up a Sacrifice to God Heb. 11.4 that is by a faith proper to a sacrifice such as did look through it to the great Sacrifice of the Messiah Abraham is a great pattern of believing even to us who live under the Gospel His faith and ours have not variant objects or centers but both are set upon one and the same Christ He saw Christ a coming at a very great distance we see him come in the flesh Venturus vexit De Vtilit Panit. diversa verba sunt sed idem Christus to come and come are two different words but it is the same Christ saith St. Austin It is the same faith for substance in both the Fathers in Moses's time did all eat the same spiritual meat and did all drink the same spiritual drink for they drank of that spiritual rock that followed them and that rock was Christ 1 Cor. 10.3 4. The unbelievers did look only at the figure the Manna and the Rock but the believers did by faith feed upon Christ Erant ibi saith St. Austin qui quod manducabant De Vtilit Panit. intelligebant erant ibi quibus plus Christus in corde quà m Manna in ore sapiebat there were there those who understood what they eat there were those who did more relish Christ in the heart than Manna in the mouth Thus the Ancients had faith in Christ and which ever accompanies it they had the holy Spirit also What were Moses's Meekness David's Zeal Abraham's Obedience Job's Patience but the fruits of the holy Spirit communicated from Christ the head He is void of the holy Spirit who denies it to be there where such eminent graces are Gods ancient people had the good Spirit to instruct them Neh. 9.20 David prays Take not thy holy Spirit from me Psal 51.11 The holy Spirit was communicated under the Old Testament These things make it appear that the Ancients were united unto Christ But possibly it may be objected The mystical union is to Christ God-man in the time of those Ancients he was not man they therefore were not united unto him union cannot be to a non-entity De Ver Relig. l. 4. c. 3. a thing that is not quis non videt in eum qui non est credi minimè posse who seeth not that a man cannot believe in him who is not So Volkelius The like may be said of union a man cannot be united to him who is not In answer to this objection I shall offer two or three things Were that of the Socinians true That Christ was not in being till he was conceived of the Virgin this objection might be something but before the Incarnation he was a Divine person after it he was the very same person in our assumed flesh so the union of the Ancients was not to a non-entity or to one not in being Christs humane nature though not in actual being in those times was yet present in such sort that the Ancients were capable of being united to him it was present with their Faith though it had not an absolute existence as a thing put forth out of its causes yet it had a relative existence in the promise so as to be an object of their Faith which being the hypostasis or subsistence of things hoped for could not but presentiate the Messiah to them he being one of the prime things they looked for and upon that account called the hope of Israel Acts 28.20 It was also present with God in his Decree as sure to be as the eternal Rolls
bond of the Union where the Spirit is there is the Union where the Spirit is continued there is the Union continued Our Saviour speaking of the water given to Believers saith that it is in them a Well of water springing up to everlasting life Joh. 4.14 The Spirit is a Well that is never dried up it is a Spring of water whose waters fail not it springs and never leaves springing till the Believer be in Heaven the union therefore which depends upon such an excellent communication of the Spirit must needs be perpetual I conclude with the judgment of St. Austin speaking of Christ and Believers he saith Illius capitis membra sumus In Psal 88. non potest hoc corpus decollari si in aeternum caput in aeternum gloriantur membra ut sit ille Christus integer in aeternum We are members of him the Head this body cannot be beheaded if the head be for ever the members also glory for ever that Christ may be entire for ever In another place reproving the rule of Ticonius touching the bipartite body of Christ he saith De Doct. Christ lib. 3. cap. 32. Non reverâ Domini corpus est quod cum illo non erit in aeternum It is not truly the body of Christ which shall not be with him for ever In the last place Christ is most excellent food he is so in union with believers that he nourishes them in their very souls This union is so set forth in the 6th chapter of St. John that it appears to be perpetual He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood dwelleth in me and I in him vers 56. These words point out not only the intimacy of the union but the perpetuity of it Here is not meerly an inbeing but an indwelling which imports duration In a former verse the perpetuity is more plainly set down He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal life verse 54. Christ nourisheth him not to a temporal life but to an eternal one and how is this done but by an union with him All food nourishes by union earthly food by union with the body Christ the spiritual food by union with the soul without union can be no nutrition he therefore who nourishes Believers not to a temporal but to an eternal life must needs be united to them not for a time but perpetually There is in that Chapter one thing more to be noted we have in it both the bonds of union Faith is included in the eating and drinking there often repeated the quickening Spirit is mentioned verse 63. Faith cannot fail because the Spirit continues to uphold it the supplies of the Spirit cannot fail because the flesh and blood of Christ hath in it an endless life of merit to procure the same It remains therefore that the union is perpetual because the bonds of it are so Thus far touching the resemblances of the mystical union and the conclusions drawn from them CHAP. VI. There are two Bonds of this Vnion Faith and the Holy Spirit Faith sees and presentiates Christ to the Believer it puts the soul into an apt posture for him it gives a right to him it intimately unites to him The Spirit it self is in some sort communicated to Believers he is sent to them he is given to them he dwells in them his special operative immediate presence is with them he forms Holy Graces in them he actuates and preserves those Graces he sheds abroad Gods Love in their heart In all these Operations two things are noted viz. somewhat of Vnion with Christ and somewhat of the Inhabitation of the Spirit HAving treated of the Resemblances of the Mystical Union I now proceed to the Bonds of it which as the Reverend Vsher hath it are on Christs part the quickning Spirit Immanuel p. 50. and on ours Faith Christus saith one of the Ancients per fidem ingreditur in vos Cyril in Joh. per Spiritum Sanctum inhabitat Christ enters into us by Faith and inhabits in us by his Holy Spirit Of these two Bonds the Spirit is the primary one as being the Author of the other it begins the union by operating Faith and carries it on by turning the Believer into a Temple for himself to dwell in I shall first speak of the Bond of Faith and then of that of the Spirit Faith doth in an admirable manner unite unto Christ the Scripture sets it forth as if it had all motions postures and sensations spiritually in it self to take in Christ with his incomparable benefits into the soul it is there called a seeing a coming to a receiving of a leaning on a putting on a feeding upon Christ it sees and looks to him as a Saviour it comes to him as a center of rest it receives him as a precious gift it leans on him as a sure foundation it puts him on as an heavenly covering it feeds on him as the very food and life of the soul In St. Ambrose speaking of the Woman who had an Issue of blood Faith is called a touching of Christ In Luc. lib. 6. Non credunt qui comprimunt credunt qui tangunt fide tangitur Christus Many press upon Christ in outward Ordinances but Believers touch him it is by Faith that he is touched so as to have virtue from him In St. Austin it is not meerly a touching but a taking hold of Christ In Joh. Tract 50. Quomodo in coelum manum mittam ut ibi sedentem teneam fidem mitte tenuisti How may I put up my hand into Heaven that I may take hold of Christ sitting there send up thy Faith and thou holdest him In St. Basil it is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an intellectual mouth in the inner man whereby we feed upon Christ the bread of life In St. Chrysostom Faith is that by which 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 we are begotten and consubstantiated with Christ In Hebr. cap. 3. In Theophylact it is that by which a man is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a part of Christ the root united to and incorporated in him The import of all these various expressions in Scriptures and Fathers is this That Faith is the great capacity which takes in Christ into the Soul Touching this Bond of Faith I shall offer three or four things 1st Faith doth see Christ in a spiritual manner Humane reason with the Gospel before it may gather up a notion of Christ but it doth not of it self spiritually discern him A notion may be gathered up out of the words and sentences in Scripture but a spiritual discerning there is not This is clear upon a double account The one is this In fallen man no natural faculty unless elevated by a grace proper to it doth act spiritually the Understanding the supreme faculty in man unless inlightned by the Spirit doth not do so it acts upon Christ as upon other objects in a natural way only The other is this
poor weak creatures without are temptations within corruptions yet they stand there is but a little Oyl in the Cruse a small stock of grace in the heart yet it fails not they have many wants yet never become bankrupt This tells us that they are not alone but in union with Christ they are what Angels and Adam in innocency were not joyned to a Mediator mighty to save Weakness here is in conjunction with Power Power is made perfect in weakness there is in them one greater than he that is in the world nay than the corruption in the heart their little stock of grace depends upon infinite treasures their many wants are supplied out of infinite fulness this preservation declares union Again Believers are preserved as Temples of God and this shews Inhabitation they are in the midst of winds storms temptations corruptions wants weaknesses yet they fall not This tells us that God hath a Temple in them the Inhabitant bears them up he is in the midst of them they shall not be moved his eyes and his heart are upon them to protect them he will not suffer his habitation to be blown down in a storm or to be undermined by Sin and Satan or to run to ruine through want or weakness This preservation declares Inhabitation The last Operation of the Spirit in Believers is this He seals up Believers he witnesses their adoption he sheds abroad the Love of God in their hearts I instance in this not that it is so in all Believers but that it is so in some As touching this Operation these favours are afforded to Believers either as Members of Christ and this imports union or as Temples of the Holy Ghost and this imports Inhabitation These favours are afforded to them as Members of Christ and this imports union After that ye believed ye were sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise Eph. 1.13 First there is Faith and then Sealing First men are Members of Christ and then they are irradiated with the beams of divine Favour there are great favours promised to Gods People he dwells in the humble he is seen in the pure heart his secret is with them that fear him his countenance doth behold the upright but all these favours are communicated to them as Members of Christ It 's true the Graces to which these promises are made are in their own nature and intrinsecal goodness grateful and acceptable unto God but because they are defective and dwelling under the same roof with inherent corruption which taints and soils them in their going forth into act therefore they are favoured and accepted in us as being members of Christ and having an interest in his glorious satisfaction which is able to cover all our spots and imperfections it is Christ that is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Article is doubled that Son that beloved in whom the Father is infinitely pleased we are beloved only as parts of him Again These favours are afforded to them as Temples of the Holy Ghost and this imports Inhabitation In the outward Temple God did make himself known much more doth he do so in the inward Sanctuary I mean in a pure heart there he sheds abroad his Love and le ts out his Glory there he dwells and walks as in a place of pleasure and delight Thus much touching the other Bond of Union viz. the Holy Spirit To shut up this Chapter the order of things touching this union stands thus It was the great design of God to raise up a Church to himself out of the ruines of the fall his heart was more set upon this than upon all the world besides To promote this the Son of God leaves his Fathers bosom and comes down into our flesh in it he satisfied Justice and merited to have a body gathered in and anointed with that Holy Spirit which operated in the uniting and sanctifying of his own humane nature Upon account of this satisfaction and merit the Holy Spirit comes down and not only proposes the Gospel to men but operates in them first Faith the grace of Union and then in a second instant of nature all other graces which may make them meet Members of Christ and Temples of the Holy Ghost And after this is done he carries on the work by continual influences upon Believers quickning and preserving their Graces dwelling in them and manifesting himself to them CHAP. VII The Seals of the mystical Vnion are Baptism and the Lords Supper Baptism is a Seal of Vnion not to all but to Believers Some Infants are in their infancy in union with Christ some come to it afterwards some never attain to it The Lords Supper is a Seal to confirm and exhibit Christ to us The presence of Christ in the Eucharist is not a corporal one The Bread and Wine are not as the Papists say turned into his Body and Blood His Body and Blood are not as the Lutherans say in with and under the Bread and Wine The presence of Christ is Spiritual He is present objectively to our Faith and virtually in the communicated Spirit Also the eating of Christ is not oral but spiritual HAving treated of the bonds of this Union I now proceed to the Seals of it Baptism and the Lords Supper Baptism is the Sacrament of Initiation the Supper is the Sacrament of Nutrition Baptism is the first entrance into Gods Family the Supper is the spiritual Banquet unto which the baptized after washing pass to feed upon Christ there both of them are Seals of union with him Baptism is not as the Socinians would have it to be a nude rite but an obsignative one it is not a meer picture of spiritual Grace but a Seal of it Circumcision was a seal of the righteousness of Faith Baptism which succeeds in the room of it can be no less 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nazian In man there is a body and a soul to answer both there is in Baptism an outward part and an inward one the outward part is water which cleanses the body the inward part is Christ who by his Blood and Spirit cleanses the Soul in both cleansings union is requisite Water unless applied cleanses not the Body Christ unless applied cleanses not the Soul Where Baptism is in the right use there is a seal of union with Christ who communicates the spiritual cleansing to those who are in him as parts of his mystical body Hence are those Phrases in Scripture touching baptized persons they are baptized into Christ Rom. 6.3 So united to him as to be in him they are baptized into one body 1 Cor. 12.13 So united to him as to be parts of his mystical body they have put on Christ Gal. 3.27 So united to him as a man is to a garment his satisfaction covers them his Spirit adorns them with holy Graces they are in Baptism buried with him and risen with him Col. 2.12 So united to him that they have the power of his death in mortification and the
out unto God to increase their faith to help their unbelief they never think their faith strong enough nor their union with Christ near enough They would be more grounded and setled in faith they would be in more close and intimate conjunction with Christ This is the temper of those that are in him Also they have a tender respect to the holy Spirit the other bond of union It is the holy Spirit which first takes hold on them which works faith and other graces in them which is the very life of their souls and graces which makes them breathe in prayer melt in charity move in obedience act like mystical parts of Christ in conformity to him such operations as these endear the Spirit to them They would not grieve him for a world they will not wallow in sensual pleasures that they may be filled with him They put away all bitterness envy malice hatred out of their hearts that the good Spirit may dwell in them They will not suffer worldly things to throng and make a noise in their minds that the Holy One who hath a Temple there may not be disturbed They would do nothing to cause him to withdraw his Presence from them it being more tolerable in their eyes to have their own souls part from their bodies than to have him depart from their souls He cannot depart but their light life grace peace will be all gone It 's a grievous thing to them to quench him The light which he lets in is to them more precious than that of the Sun Moon and Stars The motions which he inspires are to them more dear than the breath in their nostrils The still voice which he utters is to them more sweet than all the charms of the world It is one of their great cares to walk in his light yield to his motions and obey his voice He comes velut imber sanctificationis as a shower of Sanctification from Christ their Head he comes to inlighten strengthen quicken actuate comfort guide them to the blessed region above and how welcome do they make him All the dews and distillations of grace find their hearts open every gale and inspiration meets with a compliance in them When they have most of him they still desire more of him that corruptions may be more subdued Ordinances more filled Truths more illustrated Holiness more imprinted Promises more sealed the love of God more shed abroad in their hearts They never think themselves to have enough of him This is the right temper of those that are in Christ Another mark of this Union is conformity to Christ A wicked man while such cannot be in union with him What communion hath light with darkness What concord hath Christ with Belial Can his blood save those that are void of his Spirit May his Promises comfort those that trample his Laws under their feet No surely such are indeed not members of Christ but of Satan not heirs of Salvation but children of wrath All that are in union with Christ are conformed to his Image Every branch in him answers to the root Every member suits to the Head in Heaven all that are in him do in a measure resemble him In this Conformity three things may be noted The first is this There is a Conformity in graces Beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord we are changed into the same image from glory to glory as by the spirit of the Lord 2 Cor. 3.18 We have here the two bonds of Union faith set forth by a transformative view of Christ and the Spirit called the Spirit of the Lord. And withal we have here mention of a change into the Divine Image which ever accompanies the Unionâ— and is a sure mark of it In this Conformity two things may be observed There is a conformity of their graces in the rise of them to the conception of Christ his humane nature was not brought forth generatione sed jussione not in an ordinary way by knowing a man but in an extrordinary by the power of the Highest and the overshadowing of the Holy Ghost iâ— conformity to this the new Creature with its graces is not born of blood nor of thâ— will of the flesh nor of the will of man but of God Joh. 1.13 It is not by an humane but by a Divine power It is not froâ— mans Spirit but from Gods overshadowinâ— the heart The same Spirit which forme Christ in the womb forms him in the hear All the graces of believers are produced like their Saviours flesh in a pure supernatural way Again there is a conformity of their graces in the kinds of them to the graces in Christ the same holy Spirit which anointed his humane nature in an Hypostatical union anoints believers in the Mystical one Of his fulness they receive grace for grace Joh. 1.16 Grace in a measure answering to the grace in him Was he meek and lowly they have a measure of those lovely graces Did he burn with zeal for the glory of God some of the same holy fire is in their hearts Was he full of love to God and man their love inflamed by his goes out towards both Was he holy in perfection they are so in sincerity Had he large bowels of mercy and compassion unto men in misery their hearts also melt with the same graces Was he perfectly obedient to his Fathers will they are upright and endeavour to do it their graces answer to those in him this is an infallible sign of union If a man would know whether he be in Christ or not he must look within and ask his own heart what is there hath the holy Spirit been there Is there any thing above nature wrought Are there any pieces of the new Creature or Divine Image What is there of humility zeal or holy love What of purity mercy or obedience See how it is within if a meer vacuum be there if the heart be void of these graces it is a vain presumption to think that he is in union with Christ that there should be humility in the Head and pride in the members zeal and love in the Head and coldness and hatred in the members purity mercy and obedience in the Head and uncleanness cruelty and rebellion in the members is a thing too absurd to be imagined by any considering man That Christ should be an Head and not communicate his Spirit or men should be members and not receive it that he should be Head and not rule his members or they should be members and of a contrary temper to the Head is utterly impossible The beams of the Sun may sooner be dark than the members of Christ be unlike him The streams of a sweet fountain may sooner be bitter than those that are united to the fountain of Grace can want it All that are in him have grace answering to his This is the first Conformity The second is this there is a conformity in sufferings they that are in Christ
Matt. 1.20 And Believers are born of the same holy Spirit Joh. 3.5 In Christ dwells all the fulness of the Godhead bodily Col. 2.9 And Believers are filled with all the fulness of God Eph. 3.19 The word dwelt or tabernacled among us Joh. 1.14 And touching Believers it is said The tabernacle of God is with men Rev. 21.3 which is in part attained in this life and in full accomplished in the other In Christ the Godhead anointed the manhood and in every supernatural act of Believers weakness is anointed with power The Schoolmen note in Christ a threefold Grace the grace of union in that his human nature was united to the Deity the grace of unction in that his humane nature was anointed with the holy Spirit the grace of headship in that he is head unto the Church Suitably in believers may be noted a threefold grace the grace of union in that they are united unto Christ the grace of unction in that they are anointed with the holy Spirit and the grace of membership in that they have all their graces from Christ their Head Moreover the three Sacred persons in the blessed Trinity are for ever perfectly happy in the essential union nevertheless it was the eternal pleasure that in one of the three there should be an hypostatical one the Son of God assumed an humane nature but he rested not there Corpus Christi naturale fuit sacramentum corporis mystici besides his natural body he would have a mystical one he came in the flesh that he might dye for us and he died that he might gather together in one the Children of God that were scattered abroad Joh. 11.52 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 into one mystical body The hypostatical union aimed at a satisfactory passion and that passion aimed at a mystical union This Union being a mystery and that depending on two greater mysteries than it self two conclusions offer themselves to us The one is this The mystical union is not properly to be judged or measured by humane reason Nay a learned man speaking of it saith Ne Angelica mens Cam. de Eccl. 222. the Angelical mind cannot comprehend it in its full dignity To explain this I shall lay down some distinctions There is a double sphear one of meer nature another of supernatural revelation in the first it is proper for humane reason to search out things and dive into the causes and effects thereof yet in doing of it there is many a Nonplus and things are seen rather in their garb and investing accidents than in their pure and naked essence In the second it is proper for faith to come and subscribe to the sacred Oracle even in things above Reason without so much as asking any how 's or why's It is an argument of infidelity saith an Ancient 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to say touching God how can this or that be it is the genius of saith to seal to all that God saith upon account of his infallible testimony and veracity There is a double state of man one of primitive integrity which God set Adam in at first another of Apostacy which is derived from Adam fallen In the first there was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 right reason the undeniable dictate of which is That nothing can be more just and purely rational than for our intellect to do homage to its original and to subject it self to infinite truth in all that it speaks to us such a Reason I am sure cannot without losing its own rectitude usurp a dominion over Divine mysteries In the second there is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a spurious adulterate Reason such as is the black fountain of all heresies this is so far from being fit to sit in judgment upon holy mysteries that it is worthy to be captivated and crucified as being indeed not Reason but the rust and corruption of it There is a double furniture of Reason one natural which stands in those common maxims or principles whose truth is inviolable and at the very first sight apparent to all rational minds and withal in those conclusions which by consequences and trains of argumentation are duely and regularly inferred from those principles Another supernatural which stands in the irradiations of the holy Spirit to make us discern spiritual things spiritually Take Reason with its right natural furniture supernatural mysteries cannot contradict it no more than one light can oppose another yet they do exceed it as much as supernatural light doth natural Hence it appears that Reason in this sense being not contradicted by supernatural mysteries is a kind of negative measure of them yet being much exceeded by them is not nor indeed can be a positive one Take Reason as illuminated by the Holy Spirit it hath no propensity or aptitude to sit in judgment upon holy mysteries it hath no propensity to do so because the illumination lets in so much of the spiritual glory of them as commands an intellectual subjection to them it hath no aptitude to do so because the illumination being but in part it cannot dive into the bottom of them or see them in their full compass and latitude There is a double judgment one discretive or perceptive only another authoritative or dictative Reason in supernatural things may have the first but not the second it may gather up out of Scripture supernatural notions but in this it is but a Minister or Instrument as Hagar upon Sarah it is to wait upon the holy Oracles if it submit not it self to them then as an Ancient advises ejice ancillam Clem. Strom. we are rather to cast it out than to lose the holy mysteries It is indeed of use as it ministers about them but if once it grow magisterial all will be out of frame the Divine testimony will no longer as becomes it go alone or be received for it self the holy mysteries how sublime soever will be drawn down to our model and as seems good to us they must be mysteries or nullities Faith as excellent a grace as it is will fall out of its orb and no more give God the glory of his Veracity we will believe mysteries no longer upon the Divine Testimony but so far only as they are congruous to Reason that is in plain terms we will not believe at all our faith its ultimate resolution being not into God and his authority but into our selves and our own reason is a meer nothing Hence St. Austin when the Manichees would believe only what they themselves pleased Contr. Faust lib. 17. c. 3. tells them Vobis potiùs quam Evangelio creditis ye believe your selves rather than the Gospel This is that horrible confusion which immediately ensues as soon as humane Reason gets into the Chair and falls a judging supernatural things the very Heathen teach us much better Divinity than this in their fable of the Golden Chain which did not draw down Jupiter from Heaven but attracted men thither It is not for us to
your eyes upon them in their pure spiritual glory Spiritual objects being represented under sensible are much better attempered unto our minds than they would be if set forth in a more proper dialect only Moreover Metaphors are of excellent use to make us seek after the things above did our minds indeed take in and digest the sacred similitudes in Scripture the very objects of sense would prompt us to be heavenly outward things being but the shadows would lead us to the true substance The Sun would tell us that there is a more glorious one above which shines with healing under his wings The Wind would remember us that the best Gales come from the holy Spirit The Fountains would mind us that there is a Well of water which springs up into life everlasting The old creation would be a gloss and paraphrase upon the new every where we should meet with Christ and holy mysteries The duct and tendency of these holy Metaphors is such that a due improvement of them must needs render our minds very spiritual and Divine In particular The Holy Ghost in Scripture sets forth the mystical union by many resemblances Christ saith St. Chrysostom unites us to him In 1 Cor. hom 8. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by many patterns and then he goes on he is the head we the body he the foundation we the building he the vine we the branches he the husband we the spouse he the shepherd we the sheep he the way we the walkers we are the temple he the inhabitant he is the first-born we brethren he the heir we coheirs he the life we the livers he the resurrection we the raised he the light we the inlightned and after all he concludes thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all these things declare union My first work shall be to consider the chief resemblances by which this union is set forth in Scripture Certain it is that the holy Ghost uses no Metaphors or similitudes in Scripture but such as have an aptitude and fitness to manifest the mysteries thereby shadowed out to us he is so wise that he knows what forms of speech are most adapted to promote our knowledg of spiritual things and so good that he will in no forms but such declare his mind unto us Touching these resemblances I shall first note two things in common to them all There is an Analogy between the mystical union and the other unions which resemble it There is an excellency in the mystical union above all the other There is first an Analogy between them somewhat in the earthly unions resembles the mystical one somewhat in the mystical union answers to the earthly pattern there is a correspondence between them This must needs be so because in all Scriptural Metaphors touching this or any other mystery the Holy Ghost always speaks aptly and truly When there is no propriety in the words there is an aptitude in the things to shadow out the mystery when there is no truth in the proper sense there is a truth in the metaphorical one because of the similitude which is between the earthly pattern and the heavenly mystery If the Scripture say that the internal work of grace is a new birth or a resurrection or a new creation it is sure that there is some act of power which makes good the resemblance if it say that Christ is to believers a king or an husband or a foundation or a root or an head or spiritual meat and drink it is sure that there is somewhat of law or love or supportance or vital influence or intimate conjunction which makes good the Analogy Two things may be noted touching the Analogy the one is this there is a necessity of it otherwise the holy Spirit in such Metaphors should not speak aptly or truly not aptly there being no proper aptitude in the very words the aptitude must be in the things or no where take away the Analogy and there will be no aptitude at all the words which cannot befall so wise a speaker as the holy Ghost is will be insignificant and to no purpose nor yet truly there being no truth in the proper sense the truth must be in a metaphorical one or no where Take away the Analogy which makes the Metaphor a Metaphor and there will be no truth at all the words which cannot befall so true a speaker as the Holy Ghost is will be false and delusive For instance our Saviour saith I am the bread of life Joh. 6.48 I am the door of the sheep Joh. 10.7 The first words are apt and true because by him believers are spiritually nourished to life The second are so because by him believers go in and find pasture of comfort but take away these things in which the similitude consists and the words will not be apt or true The other is this there is a very good use of the Analogy to be made it serves being duly and regularly taken according to the line and level of Scripture not only for illustration but for very good proof also For instance St. Paul sets forth the union of Christians among themselves by the union of the members in the natural body 1 Cor. 12. And from thence he argues strongly that Christians should not differ and despise but accord and have a care one of another the eye cannot say to the hand I have no need of thee nor the head to the feet I have no need of you if one member suffer all the members suffer with it if one member be honoured all the members rejoyce with it Also the Apostle sets forth the Union of Believers with Christ by the union of the members with the head Eph. 4.16 and Col. 2.19 And from thence he argues strongly that Believers have a near conjunction with Christ and admirable communications from him there are joints and bands there is a body fitly joyned and compacted there is nourishment ministred there is an effectual working in the measure of every part there is an increasing with the increase of God all these are rationally drawn from the Analogy Thus we see the Analogy is of use not only for illustration but for proof only we must by no means stretch it beyond the scope of Scripture The next thing is There is an excellency in the mystical union above all and every one of the other unions which resemble it It is more excellent than any one of them singly taken The Holy Ghost doth not shadow it out by one or two resemblances but by many and those resemblances do not all point it out in one or two respects but in more and various ones if one resemblance or respect might have reach'd it there would have been no use or need of any more It is also more excellent than all of them put together they are but shadows and resemblances the mystical union is the truth and substance of them all in them meer creatures and those upon earth are united together in
constitution according to which a King is made if he be in by election or succession he stands upon some positive Law or consent which amounts to a Law if he be in by conquest in a just War he stands upon the Law of Nature which saith that the captive must be subject to the victor There are also Laws of Administration according to which a King is to Govern his Subjects without the first Laws there can be no King rightly constituted to have Subjects united to him a people may be under a Tyrant but it is not united to him Without the second Laws there will be no rule of government no right administration of things in a Kingdom According to this distinction I shall lay down two things touching the Mediatory Kingdom of Christ The one is this The Law of constitution must needs be very righteous as being no less than the Decree and Ordinance of God himself he was made a King immediately by God his Kingdom was not as ordinary ones in part are an human creature but a pure Theocracy altogether of Divine Ordination I have set my King upon my holy hill of Zion saith God of Christ Psal 2.6 I have done it not man The Decree of Heaven was for it as the next verse tells us The Lord said unto my Lord that is the Father said to Christ sit thou at my right hand Psal 110.1 Dicere hîc est discernere To say here is to decree That Christ should sit in Royal state and Majesty he is a King meerly of Divine Ordination yet he enters upon his Kingdom by Conquest in the Belial heart of fallen man nothing is in a fit posture to receive this holy King The carnal mind is not subject to the Law of God neither indeed can be strong holds must be cast down thoughts must be captivated and wills must be overcome or else Christ cannot have a Kingdom Therefore he takes up his spiritual arms goes forth in the power of his spirit and word and subdues the minds and hearts of men to himself so he enters by conquest and that in a very just nay merciful war it being to rescue poor captive creatures and reduce them back again to their Creator but though he come in by conquest yet there is consensus populi his people are willing they own him as their King subject to his Scepter and give up themselves to his government Thus he hath a Title to his kingdom as good as a Divine ordination a just conquest and a free consent can make it The other is this the Law of Administration is righteous and gracious righteous in that which he commands his subjects to do gracious in that which he promises to do for them His Commands which call for faith humility holiness rightiousness meekness mercy temperance patience are as right as any thing can be they are the counterpanes of Gods heart the copies of that Divine Will which is Rectitude it self they perfect the humane nature and being practically embraced they set man in a true posture towards God himself and his fellow creatures His Promises in which he engages himself that the Believer shall be justified that the poor in spirit shall have the kingdom that the pure in heart shall see God that the righteous shall be compassed with Divine favour that the meek shall be beautified with salvation that the merciful shall obtain mercy that all his obedient subjects shall enter into Heaven and enjoy the blessed God there are exceeding gracious and true not one of them shall fail he hath will and power enough to make them all good this is the Administration The sum of all is Christ being a King by Divine Ordination entring by just conquest obtaining a free consent and administring his kingdom so admirably that nothing is in his government but meer rectitude and grace the union between him and his subjects bound together by such right and good Laws must needs be very excellent Here can be no reason to complain no colour of occasion to break off from such a King or to say What portion have we in David Here are no scruples about the Governors Title no unjust Laws to be repealed no grievous burdens to be removed no heavy yokes to be taken off not the least shadow of a male-administration to be found nothing is here to be seen but rectitude and goodness which must needs make the union very firm and stable 3dly The more intimate the union is and the more internal the bonds of it are the more excellent is the union Between an earthly King and his Subjects the bonds are external there are outward thrones and scepters outward pieces of state and majesty outward laws and proclamations the King looking on his Subjects may see the outward man but no further He may exact an outward conformity but cannot touch or move their hearts there is not one spirit between him and them but several which may easily run apart and in different ways But between Christ and his Subjects the bonds are internal his kingdom comes not with observation or outward splendor but in inward power and efficacy his Kingdom is within his Throne is in the heart his Laws are not only without in the Letter but inwardly ingraven in the hearts of his Subjects they are the very Epistles of Christ written not with ink but with the spirit of the living God not in tables of stone but in the fleshly tables of the heart 2 Cor. 3.3 Besides the outward literal Edition of the Law there is an inward spiritual one which answers thereunto this spiritual King can not only look into the hearts of his Subjects but touch and move them unto obedience he can so draw as to make them run after him it is his Royal Prerogative to rule wills and hearts his Subjects have the mind of their Lord nay the same holy Spirit which is in him is in them also to inspire a measure of holiness and obedience into them O! what a union is here and how full of mystery No King can rule after this sort neither could he himself unless he were God do so In a word his Kingdom and Laws being within his Subjects having the same mind and spirit with himself the union must needs be very intimate and excellent 4thly The greater the benefits of government are the more secure is the union a King resembling God in the doing of good acting like one given to the kingdom for a common blessing his vigilancy securing the repose of his Subjects his care procuring their quiet his study being for their good as his own his Subjects resting under his shadow and enjoying the sweet ends of a well-ordered Government the union in such a case must needs be very much confirmed I shall instance but in two benefits of Government Protection and Rewards As for Protection it is incomparable in the Kingdom of Christ no earthly Kings have such a foresight and care to protect as
he hath they may look here and there but his eyes are every where running to and fro through the earth to shew himself strong on the behalf of his people they may sometimes nod with the rains of Government in their hands and so not provide against approaching dangers but he is never surprized but always provided and at hand to defend his people in every temptation he makes a way to escape in every danger he knows a method of deliverance Again No earthly Kings have such a power to protect as he hath they have a power in their own Dominions but he hath all the power in Heaven and Earth in order to the good and preservation of his people They and their Subjects joining together are not always able to maintain themselves and their union against a foreign power but he is always able to maintain his Kingdom The Chaldean Empire was left to the Persian the Persian to the Grecian the Grecian to the Roman but his Kingdom shall not be left to other people Dan. 2.44 but by a peculiar priviledg it abides for ever no foreign power can ruine it no gates of Hell can prevail against it the posture of Christ and the Church doth evidence this Christ is at the right hand of God Psal 110.1 And the Church is at the right hand of Christ Psal 45.9 In this posture power cannot be wanting or protection fail Further As touching Rewards his bounty is beyond all parallel Other Kings may sometimes forget the good services of their Subjects Joash forgot the kindness of Jehoiada the poor wise man who by his wisdom delivered the City was not at all remembred Eccles 9.15 Many excellent services have been buried in oblivion but the Lord Christ never forgets the services of his people their sins are delivered over to oblivion but not their services no not the least of them He hath a bottle for their tears a book of remembrance for their holy thoughts a reward for a cup of cold water given for his names sake nay he is so far from forgetting their services that in the very act they find a secret reward given in to them the supplies of his spirit the irradiating beams of his love and the sweet calms and serenities in conscience tell them that he hath them always in remembrance Earthly Kings may give their servants some of the shadows here below and some of those things which lye round about them but he gives his Subjects 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 substance sound wisdom durable riches and real happiness he gives them himself and all that train of good things which accompanies him Here he gives them tokens and glimpses of his love but what great and glorious things are there for them in Heaven There their labours end in eternal rest their holy race arrives at a Crown of Glory their Prayers are turned into Hallelujahs their Alms are repaid in everlasting Love their good works shall have a full reward what they sowed to the Spirit shall come up in a crop of glorious immortality in Heaven they shall enter into the joy of their Lord and sit down with him in his throne they shall then see and enjoy the blessed God reading all truths in the original and drinking all good at the fountain-head dwelling in a paradise of bliss and for ever reposing themselves in the bosom of infinite sweetness Eye hath not seen nor ear heard neither have entred into the heart of man the things which are prepared for them To conclude If Protection and Rewards can do any thing the Union between Christ and his Subjects must needs be very secure CHAP. III. The Mystical Vnion set forth by the Conjugal one There is a mutual consent between Christ and believers The believers consent imports a right knowledg a free choice and a present compliance with Christ Christs consent is purely gratuitous believers purely supernatural Christ and believers mutually make over themselves each to other The Emphasis of that phrase one spirit opened There is an intimate love between Christ and believers he put on an humane nature for them they put off a corrupt nature for him He died for expiation they die in mortification There is a communication of good things from Christ to the Church the Church propagates in Believers and good works The mystical Vnion set forth by that of a foundation and a building Christ laid and Believers built on him by Divine Art The double cement of faith and the holy Spirit Christ is a large and strong foundation he bears up the Church by Divine influences THE Union between a King and his Subjects being in the earthly pattern political only the Holy Ghost goes on in Scripture to set forth the mystical union by that which is between Man and Wife Marriage is the conjunction of man and woman in a conjugal society it is the first primordial society called Elementum mundi the Element of the world out of it spring Families out of these are made Cities and Kingdoms in these a Church is raised up unto God The conjugal union is that which peoples the World and Saints the Church in no earthly society is there a conjunction so great as this is Eve the first Wife was taken out of Adam he was created one then two were made out of one and again those two were one in marriage Man and Wife saith St. Austin are prima copula De bono conj c. 1. the first bond or tye of humane society By this conjugal union the Scripture shadows out the mystical one The Book of Canticles is not as some profane ones have fancied a light Love-song but an excellent Epithalamium or Divine Ditty which under the parable of a marriage points out that incomparable union which is between Christ and the Church St. Paul in the 5th Chapter to the Ephesians exhorts Wives to be subject to their Husbands as the Church is to Christ and Husbands to love their Wives as Christ loves the Church and at last he adds This is a great mystery but I speak concerning Christ and the Church vers 32. In the original it is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In Christum Ecclesiam respiciens ad Christum Ecclesiam saith Piscator Though the last thing the Apostle said before was touching the earthly marriage viz. They two shall be one flesh vers 31. yet he looks back to Christ and the Church the earthly marriage was but the shadow and image of the mystery but Christ and the Church in the mystical union joined together are the very center and substance of it In this resemblance divers things may be noted First In Marriage which though founded in nature is a voluntary act there must be a consent the conjunction of Bruits is like themselves out of an impetus of nature but the conjunction of Man and Woman is as becomes rational creatures out of counsel and choice a consent is necessary Marriage is a contract and that cannot be without
Templum utique nos ipsos non haberet saith St. Austin Cont. Maxim lib. 1. If the Holy Spirit were not God he should not have us for his Temple it being as he there urges no less than Sacriledg and an Anathema to make a Temple to a creature Not then the holy temper which is a creature but the Holy Spirit who is God hath a Temple in us Thus the order and dependance of things plainly teach us the meaning of the one Spirit to be that the same Holy Spirit is in Christ and Believers Nay omitting the dependance the words themselves shew the same thing One Spirit is here immediately opposed to one flesh when a man and woman become one flesh there is more than a likeness of temper there are many alike in carnal propensions who yet were never so joined as to be one flesh and if one flesh speak more than alike temper much more doth one spirit do so I take it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 one spirit is as high a phrase as can be to express an intimate union I conclude therefore That the Apostle doth not meerly intend a likeness of temper but that the same Holy Spirit is in Christ and Believers which indeed is a very high and glorious mystery Further Marriage is a state of Love and Love hath an unitive virtue in it a true friend is alter ipse another self in respect of love between two friends there is as it were but one soul in both Confess Lib. 4. c. 6. St. Austin saith That his friend being dead he did but dimidius vivere live but like half a man If there be such love between friends how much more is it so between man and wife Between them there are the strictest bonds and highest degrees of friendship A man shall leave father and mother and shall be joined to his wife saith the Apostle Eph. 5.31 In the original it is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he shall be glued to his wife Conjugal love is the glue which takes hold on both sides and joins them together as if they were but one piece and therefore the Apostle there adds they two shall be one flesh And a little before he tells them He that loveth his wife loveth himself vers 28. She is an alter Ego a piece of himself and not to love her is as unnatural as to hate his own flesh the near relation which is between man and wife calls for a mutual and more than ordinary love The Parallel is the intimate love which is between Christ and Believers he loves them as parts and pieces of himself they love him as their dearest head and husband he loves not their graces only but their persons they love not his gifts only but himself Ordinances are his Banqueting-house Graces are his Love-tokens but himself is the great center of their love He is ravished nay excordiated with their single eye of faith and chain of obedience Cant. 4.9 they are ravished in him who is totus desideria all or wholly desires his person natures offices life death resurrection intercession every thing in him is amiable in their eyes his love to them is such that he eats his honey-comb with his honey wax and all accepting their services notwithstanding the infirmities cleaving to them their love to him is such that though sometimes they sleep and nod in humane frailty yet their heart waketh the inward bent and motion of it is to him the least call or knock will make them rise and seek after him There is an intimate love between him and them but how far this exceeds that which is between man and wife the tongue of men and Angels cannot fully utter I shall only touch on one or two things On the one hand Christ took an humane nature that he might espouse us to himself to him as meer God sinful creatures could not be joined his pure Majesty could not admit them to approach to him but that he might have a Spouse among men he left his Fathers bosome and came down into an humane nature Majesty was put under a vail of flesh and through that we have access to him It would be a very strange thing for a glorious Angel to come down into the rank of worms and espouse matter much more admirable is it that the very Son of God one infinitely more above an humane nature than an Angel is above matter did come down into our frail flesh upon design to espouse us to himself never did love so stoop and condescend as here On the other hand Believers are content as much as may be to put off their corrupt nature that they may be joined to him he put on a pure humane nature for them they put off a corrupt one for him at his call they leave their own people and their Fathers House I mean the corruption they were born or bred in nothing is dearer or nearer to faln man than his corrupt flesh and those lusts which are the members of it yet they part with it and them for Christ Their Motto is Christus meus est omnia my Christ is my All. Again On the one hand Christ died in our nature that he might espouse us Jacob served for a Wife David fought for one but none but our dear Lord died upon a Cross for us our match with him could not be dispatched without atoning blood A type of this we have in that first Marriage between Adam and Eve Eve was taken out of the side of fleeping Adam the Church is taken out of the side of a dying Christ The Jews say that the woman was taken out of the side of man to signifie the marriage of the supreme blessed man While Adam was sleeping a rib was taken out of him and made into a woman when Christ died on the Cross there came out of his pierced side blood and water in these we have the original of the Church which rises up out of expiation and regeneration to be a Spouse to him On the other hand Believers in the power and after the pattern of a crucified Christ dye to themselves and the world his pure flesh suffered in a way of expiation their corrupt flesh suffers in a way of mortification by his Cross the world is crucified to them and they to the world his body was nailed to the Cross and there they hang up their lusts to dye and expire Thus there is a transcendent love between him and them Moreover In Marriage two things more may be noted The one is this There is a communication of good things from the Husband to the Wife It is an old saying 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all things are common among friends much more is it so among married persons a communion of bodies draws a communion of other things with it the near relation between man and wife calls for it his necessaries serve to supply her his honour puts a lustre upon her his riches are seen in her
which he obeyed and suffered for us and a Divine which put an infinite value upon his obedience and sufferings in these full satisfaction was made for sin a purchase of grace and glory was obtained for sinners an incomparable pattern of sanctity and obedience is set before us and an Holy Spirit is provided to quicken us to imitate him Mercy runs freely in the channel of the Promises Proclamations of Grace are made unto men Here 's the Foundation upon which fallen man may be built up unto righteousness and life eternal Oh riches of Wisdom wonder of Love It 's true natural and carnal men while such are no more fit among persons than hay and stubble are among Doctrines to be built upon this Foundation but the same Wisdom which laid the Foundation will build the House the Holy Spirit is sent forth to work faith in men and thereby to frame them to be set upon the Foundation hence the Apostle saith that the whole Building is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fitly framed together Ephes 2.21 each part of the Building is aptly and congruously united to the Foundation and to the other parts of it the Building answers to the Foundation and both to the Idea in the infinite Mind To contrive these was one of the greatest thoughts that ever entred into Gods heart and to effect them was one of the greatest works which ever was done in time Between the Foundation and Building there is somewhat that joins and cements them together between Christ and Believers the cement is not material but spiritual these are joined together by Faith and by the Holy Spirit Faith is one cement Behold I lay in Sion a chief corner-stone elect precious he that believeth on him shall not be confounded 1 Pet. 2.6 Faith joins the Believer to the Foundation that 's the Reason that he shall not be confounded Sin Satan the World shall not confound him because he is built upon a Foundation in which is Propitiation Grace and Victory the Divine Favour the influences of Grace the Crown of eternal Life shall not fail him because he is joined to a Foundation in which the Promises of these things are Yea and Amen The Holy Spirit is another cement In whom that is in Christ the Foundation you are builded together for an habitation of God through the spirit saith the Apostle Ephes 2.22 The earthly Foundation and Building are joined together by dead matter like themselves Christus sive lapis sit in aedificio sive radix in arbore sive vitis in viveâ sive caput in corpore semper est non solum vivens sed vita vivificans Zanch. in loc but Christ who is a living Foundation and Believers who are lively stones are united together by the Holy Spirit this is a great mystery the same Holy Spirit which is in him is in them also Again The Foundation supports and bears up the Building in like manner Christ supports and bears up the Church the whole weight of it lies upon him without him all the spiritual stones would instantly sink and totter down into a chaos of emptiness and confusion To make the excellency of this supportation appear we must consider first what manner of Foundation he is and then in what manner he bears up the Church Touching the first He is a Foundation able and every way compleat to support and bear up the Church a short scanty Foundation cannot do its office but he is an ample large one multitudes of Believers in all ages have been built upon him and yet there is room for more Did all the men in the world build upon him by Faith he would bear them all up to life eternal a weak faultring Foundation cannot do its office but he is a strong one a Rock which cannot fail When St. Peter made that glorious confession Thou art Christ the son of the living God our Saviour answers him Thou art Peter and upon this rock I will build my Church Matt. 16.18 The Rock here is not confessing Peter but the confessed Christ our Saviour saith not thou art Peter and upon thee but thou art Peter and upon this rock I will build my Church Peter is not the Rock but built upon it Hence St. Austin observes Tract 124. in Joh. Non a Petro petra sed Petrus a petrâ sicut non Christus a Christiano sed Christianus a Christo vocatur the Rock is not named from Peter but Peter from the Rock as Christ is not named from the Christian but the Christian from Christ All Believers are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Stones Christ only is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Rock upon which they are built they being Stones may be moved but he being a Rock is unmovable and for ever the same Peter fell greatly had he been the Foundation the whole Church must have fell with him had not Christ been a Rock to him his fall would have been final These words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 upon this Rock note that one individual Foundation upon which the whole Church is so built that the gates of hell shall not prevail against it To be such a Foundation none is capable but Christ only it is not to be imagined either that the whole Church should be built upon a meer man or if it could that being so weakly founded it should stand against the powers of darkness Christ the true Rock is not a meer man but the Son of the living God he hath the strength of a Deity which cannot fail Earthly Foundations may be eat up by time or ruined by violence but he is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a founded foundation or a foundation of foundations Isa 28.16 No time can deface the eternal One no violence set its foot upon the Almighty he abideth ever to support his Church Touching the second The supportation of the Church is in a spiritual way it is bore up not as an earthly building by dead matter but as a spiritual House by the influences of Grace To whom coming as unto a living stone disallowed indeed of men but chosen of God and precious Ye also as lively stones are built a spiritual House 1 Pet. 2.4 5. He is a Living Foundation one who hath an endless life of merit and the Spirit of life above measure Hence Believers who are built upon and as it were parts of him are maintained in life his Spirit by continual influences and spirations of Grace bears them up in their spiritual being and life the Gates of Hell shall never prevail against them CHAP. IV. The Mystical Vnion set forth by the Vine and the Branches Christ hath one nature with Believers they are as branches in him and receive juice from him The mystical union set forth by the natural head and the body Those two famous Texts Ephes 4. 16. Col. 2.19 considered which import more than when Christ is called Head over all things Head of principality and power Head of every man Head of the
Heathen or Head of the Church as an Husband Christ as an Head hath the same nature with Believers but exceeds them in order as being first and highest in perfection as being full of Grace in virtue as influencing into the Church The necessity matter and way of this influence Christ an Head above all other heads as making of no member a member and as having virtue enough for a world THE Union between the Foundation and the Building in the earthly pattern importing only a support but no vital influence the Holy Ghost goes on to set forth the mystical union by that which is between the Vine and the Branches I am the Vine ye are the branches He that abideth in me and I in him the same bringeth forth much fruit for without me ye can do nothing saith our Saviour Joh. 15.5 In the former Chapter he told them of his going away here he comforts them against it his departure should be no separation still he would be closely united to them as the Vine is to the Branches He is a Vine one whose shadow reaches to the ends of the earth whose precious blood cheereth the heart of God and man I mean it satisfies justice and quiets conscience Believers are Branches in him not native ones but insititions taken off from the old stock of Adam and implanted into Christ Hence they are said to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rom. 6.5 implanted into him so as to have juice from him The union between him and them is so intimate that they abide in him by Faith and he abides in them by his Spirit the effect of this union is fruitfulness Though the seeming Branches mentioned verse 2. are but pampinarii such as have leaves only yet the real ones are always fructuarii such as have holy fruit In this resemblance some things are to be observed The Vine and the Branches have one nature so have Christ and Believers he took an humane nature that he might be a Vine to us and we Branches in him that he might communicate spiritual sap unto us and in vertue of it we might bring forth fruit unto God The Arrians of old argued from this place against the Deity of Christ The Vine said they is of the same nature with the branches but not of the same nature with the Husbandman Christ is consubstantial with us who are the Branches but not with the Father who is the Husbandman To which I answer this parable of the Vine proves Christs Deity as well as his humanity he must be not a meer man but God-man in one person else he could not be such a Vine as he is here described to be Were he only God he could not be an homogeneal Vine and have one nature with us were he only man he could not be an influxive Vine and communicate spiritual life unto us it being beyond the sphear of a meer creature to do it Were he as the Arrians would have him no more than so all the Branches in him would be dry and withered no sap of Grace or spiritual Life would be found among men It 's true the earthly Vine hath not the same nature with the Husbandman but the spiritual one hath it here the Husbandman is the root of the Vine it self here the Vine calls the Husbandman Father My Father saith our Saviour is the Husbandman this Vine in eternity sprung out of the Fathers bosom and in time sprung out of the Virgins womb so he is consubstantial with the Father as to his Divinity and consubstantial with us as to his humanity The Branches are in the Vine so are Believers in Christ St. Austin saith of every Branch Si in vite non est in igne erit In Job Tract 81. If it be not in the Vine as a living Branch it shall be in the fire as a dead one Naturally all men are in the old stock of Adam dead and withered branches fit to be gathered up and cast into the fire but the Holy Spirit which fills the humane nature of Christ and will not suffer such a Vine as he is to be without Branches works Faith in men and so implants them into him Believers are said to be in him they are not united to him mediately only as being in the Church which is his body but immediately as being mystical parts of him A man saith Theophylact is by faith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 part of the root not meerly tied to him by outward ordinances In Joh. 15. but intimately joined and incorporated into him The Vine communicates juice to the Branches In Coenâ Ser. 10. Christ in whom as St. Bernard speaks there is totus humor a fulness of the Holy Spirit influences Grace and spiritual Life into Believers Hence it is that they bear holy fruits our Saviour emphatically expresses this The branch cannot bear fruit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of it self verse 4. To make it bear fruit two things are requisite it must be in the Vine and it must have sap from thence else it is dry and withered in like manner Believers must be in Christ and must have a Divine Spirit from him else they are good for little or nothing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 severed from me ye can do nothing saith Christ verse 5. A man off from Christ like a branch off from the Tree is altogether sapless and unprofitable whatever blossoms of morality may be no spiritual fruits can be found in one seperate from Christ holy fruits are from Divine Influences and these are from union with Christ The Ancient Fathers observe from this parable Ita sunt in vite palmites ut viti nihil conferant sed inde accipiant unde vivant sic quippe vitis est in pulmitibus ut vitale subministret eis non sumat ab eis ac per hoc maventum in se habere Christum mavere in Christo discipulis prodest non Christo Conc. Arans 2. can 24. that the union between Christ and Believers is such that he communicates life to them but receives it not from them they receive life from him but communicate it not to him We have here a great mystery Believers are ingrafted into Christ and in a sort parts of him hence the very same Spirit which is in him is derived to them to make them bear good fruit The union between the Vine and the Branches importing a vital influence but in a low negative life the Holy Ghost goes on to set forth the mystical union by that which is between the natural head and the body we have two excellent Texts for this Christ is an head From whom the whole body fitly joyned together and compacted by that which every joynt supplieth according to the effectual working in the measure of every part maketh increase of the body unto the edifying of it self in love Ephes 4.16 Again he is an Head from which all the body by joints and bands having nourishment ministred and knit
together increaseth with the increase of God Col. 2.19 Here Christ is the head and Believers the body here the body is fitly joined together and compacted there is in all the members a congruity and a close conjunction unto the Head and unto one another here are joints and bands the primary ligature is the Holy Spirit which makes Christ and Believers to be as it were continuous and to touch one another Under the Spirit are the bonds of Faith and Love Faith unites and incorporates Believers into Christ Love glues and cements them one to another here 's an effectual working in the measure of every part the holy Spirit stirs up the principles of Grace in Believers the principles of Grace stir up the Soul the Soul in the virtue of those principles stirs up it self all is set into motion from Christ the Head Lastly Here 's an edifying of the body an increasing with the increase of God Believers grow up into Christ in all things their Faith is more radicated their Love is more inflamed their union with Christ becomes closer their likeness to him grows more lively than before in every part of the new creature there is a Divine increase and all is because they are united to the Head Between Christ and Believers there is an apt and intimate union made by excellent joints and bands through these bands there comes to be an effectual working in Believers by this working there issues forth an increase of all holy graces O what an Head is Christ how happy are Believers who are in conjunction with him the excellency of this union is much beyond what can be said or thought of it it is not for us to dive into the bottom of it or to see it in the full compass Nevertheless that we may know somewhat of it it is worth while to compare the headship of Christ in these two excellent Texts with his Headship in other Scriptures he is Head over all things Ephes 1.22 He is Head of all principality and power that is of Angels Col. 2.10 He is Head of every man 1 Cor. 11.3 He is Head of the Heathen reigning as a King over them Psal 18.43 He is Head of the Church as the Husband is head of the Wife Ephes 5.23 But his Headship in those two famous places imports much more than the other headships Christ is head over all things to the Church Ephes 1.22 That is the Churches Head hath a power over all things God hath highly exalted him saith the Apostle Phil. 2.9 In the original there is an emphatical Pleonasm 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 God exalted him above all exaltation lifted him up above all altitude hence Christ hath a name above every name he sits at the right hand of Power and Majesty all creatures in Heaven in Earth under the Earth that is Angels Men Devils all must bow the knee to him every tongue must confess him to be Lord all things are put under him not only the lower world as it was to Adam but all the Creation Angels themselves who are the top of it not excepted he hath all the power in Heaven and Earth thus he is head over all things But we must observe here the Apostle doth not say that he is head unto all things but head over all things which denotes only power not union neither doth he simply say that he is head over all things but that he is head over all things to the Church which imports that though he be Lord over all yet he is a proper peculiar head to the Church he is united to it as to his body not so to all things though all things be reduced to him as an head of power over them yet all things are not his body he is united to the Church by joints and bands not so to all things he communicates his own spirit to the Church not so to all things he is head over all things that he might be a complete allsufficient head to the Church his universal power makes him meet to protect and preserve the Church which is his body and chief care all things are managed in ordine ad spiritualia in a subserviency to the Churches good Christ is head of all principality and power Col. 2.10 That is he is an head of eminency and power over the Holy Angels he is made so much better than the Angels as he hath by inheritance a more excellent name than they Heb. 1.4 Unto which of the Angels said God the Father at any time Thou art my Son or sit thou at my right hand vers 5. and 13 Angels are Sons by creation but Christ is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the proper Son of the Father not as creatures made out of nullity but a proper Son begotten out of his substance Angels as Courtiers of Heaven stand in the presence of God but he sits at his right hand in state and majesty Angels and Authorities and Powers being made subject unto him But to Believers he is an head of union and influence the Church made up of them is his body homogeneal and of one nature with him joined to him by the bands of Faith and a regenerating Spirit and supplied from him with spiritual life and motion thus it is not with Angels It is true some worthy Divines hold That from Christ God-man there is an influence into the holy Angels not only of illumination and accidental joy which may be easily granted but of confirming and establishing grace He is say they a Mediator to them though not of redemption and reconciliation yet of preservation and confirmation in their holy estate The Apostle saith that God doth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 gather together as into one head in Christ all things in Heaven and Earth Ephes 1.10 And again that he doth by him reconcile all things in Heaven and Earth to himself Col. 1.20 St. Bernard speaking of Christ saith In Cantica ser 22. Qui erexit hominem lapsum dedit stanti Angelo ne laberetur he who lifted up fallen man gave that grace to the standing Angel that he should not fall But here I crave leave to dissent and to offer some things by way of answer 1st The distinction between a Mediator of Redemption and a Mediator of Confirmation only is not I think to be found in Scripture we read of a Mediator between God and men not of a Mediator between God and Angels A Mediator is not a Mediator of one Gal. 3.20 but of more than one and those not in amity as God and Angels are but at variance as God and fallen man are A Mediator as the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 imports is a middle person interposing between parties at variance but God and holy Angels are not at variance at all that any should interpose between them It is congruous that a Mediator should partake of the same nature with those for whom he mediates the one Mediator between God and man is the man
Christ Jesus 1 Tim. 2.5 The substantial mediation must precede the actual one he that is medium reconciliationis must be first medium participationis he must partake of our nature that he may mediate for us Hence it appears that Christ not assuming the nature of Angels hath not a fit nature in which he may mediate for them neither indeed do they want a Mediator Adam in innocency wanted none much less do the holy Angels much higher in perfections than he stand in need of one It's true the Apostle saith that God in Christ doth gather together and reconcile all things in Heaven and Earth but the all things in the Text are to be limited to men only the things in Heaven are the Spirits of just men there not the holy Angels who because they were never scattered cannot be gathered and because they never offended cannot be reconciled but if the things in Heaven should reach to Angels it would not from thence follow that Christ mediates for Angels but that he so mediates for men that the Angels who before stood off and at a distance from men are reconciled and at amity with them 2dly Christ the Son of God was incarnate not for Angels but for men Vnto you saith the Angel is horn a Saviour which is Christ the Lord Luk. 2.11 Unto you men and not unto us Angels Christ came to seek and to save that which was lost not among Angels for what was lost there was finally so but among men for us men and for our salvation he descended from Heaven saith the Ancient Creed Incarnation being a mystery made known by supernatural revelation only it is no less than presumption in us to put other ends upon it than the Holy Scripture hath done the incarnation of the Son of God doth presuppose the fall of man but the confirmation of Angels doth not do so had not man fallen Christ had not come in the flesh yet had the elect Angels been confirmed his coming therefore was not for Angels but for men 3dly Christ in our assumed nature obeyed and suffered not for Angels but for men The end of his obedience and sufferings was as the Scripture tells us that he might redeem us from all iniquity that he might fanctify and cleanse us that he might make an end of sin that he might reconcile us unto God that he might purify unto himself a peculiar people that he might purchase a Church with his own blood that he might gather together in one the Children of God scattered up and down the wide world all which concern not Angels but men Angels standing in their primitive purity and integrity are not capable of any such things as redemption and reconciliation neither doth the Scripture speak one word or syllable of Christs dying or giving himself for them it was lost man that was aimed at De Incarn cap. 8. Filius Dei pro mortuis natus est ad mortem saith Fulgentius The Son of God was born to dye for the dead not for the living Angels but for men dead in Adams fall that they who died in the first Adam might live in the second 4thly The holy influence into Angels which preserves them is from God but not as the influence into Believers is from Christ as God-man the influence from Christ as God-man being the fruit of his incarnation and passion reaches only to those for whom he was incarnate and suffered he was incarnate for men only therefore this influence is only unto them not unto Angels Both he that sanclifieth and they who are sanctified are all of one for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren Heb. 2.11 And a little after he calls them Children vers 13. Those who are sanctified by Christ have one and the same nature with him and upon that account are his Brethren and Children Angels not being such are not sanctified by him but men being such have a sanctifying influence from him Again he suffered for men only therefore this influence is only unto them not unto Angels For their sakes I sanctifie my self that they also might be sanctified through the truth saith our Saviour Joh. 17.19 for their sakes not for Angels did he consecrate himself to be a propitiatory sacrifice they therefore not Angels are sanctified by him the holy Spirit which issues out of his meritorious wounds falls down only on those whom he died for Moreover this influence from Christ as God-man is proper only to the Church which is his Body the word Church in Scripture notes the Church of men not of Angels Vpon this rock I will build my Church Matt. 16.18 God purchased the Church with his own blood Act. 20.28 Unto principalities is known by the Church the manifold Wisdom of God Ephes 3.10 Christ loved the Church and gave himself for it that he might sanctifie and cleanse it Ephes 5. 25 26. The Church of the first-born which are written in heaven Heb. 12.23 In all these places by Church is meant the Church of men not of Angels The Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is caetus evocatus a company called out of the corrupt mass is not proper to Angels but to men only I find not in Scripture that it extends any further than so the Church which is Christs body must be homogeneral and one nature with him therefore it is made up of men not of Angels Thus it appears That Christ is an Head of eminency over Angels but of influence unto men The very Text which proves him head of Angels demonstrates this ye are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 filled in him who is the head of all principality and power Col. 2.10 ye are filled not Angels to them he is an head of eminency but to you of influence Christ is head of every man 1 Cor. 11.3 Not to straiten the words but to take them in their full latitude he is head not of Believers only but of all men he is an head of eminency to them never was the humane nature so exalted and lifted up as in him in whom it is united to the Deity and filled with all grace he is an head of authority over them he is Law-giver and Judge of the world nay in some sort he is an head of influence to them he is that light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world that is with the light of Reason which is the Candle of the Lord in the first lighting of it up it was a piece of nature coming from Christ as God in the continuance of it in fallen man it is a reprieved thing owing to the sweet smelling sacrifice of Christ as God-man and Mediator sin being an universal forfeiture not only of the outward blessings in the world but of the inward furniture in the soul it is through the Mediator that the world stands unturned into a Chaos and that reason continues not extinct and utterly gone out we are bound to thank Christ that our forfeited
the most perfect manner that it could be had no intellectual creature hath the like it is only to be found in his humane nature It was requisite that Christ our head should have such a fulness of Grace the nearer a creature is to the influent cause the more abundant is the influx the humane nature of Christ was most nearly united to the Deity therefore it was congruous that it should have grace in the supream degree From the first instant of his incarnation he was not a meer viator but a comprehensor he always enjoyed the beatifical vision therefore all his Graces were in termino and at a full point It 's true that by special dispensation there was some restraint of the influence of Gods favour at the time of his Passion but his graces were still in the highest degree Again Grace was conferred upon Christ not as a private person but as a publick one not for himself only but for us he received gifts for men that he might give them out to them he was to be the head of the Church a vital and universal principle of Grace to it therefore no less than a plenitude of Grace was requisite to make him meet for it that of his fulness we all might receive Grace for Grace Joh. 1.16 Grace answering to the Grace in him The Head excels in virtue it influences into the whole body Christ is an head of incomparable virtue he influences into the whole Church even into that part of it which was before his incarnation as well as into that which was after it Ab Abel justo saith one usque in finem mundi omnes justi unum Corpus Christi sunt from righteous Abel down to the end of the world all the righteous are the Body of Christ all have an influence from him as their head From him the whole body fitly joined together and compacted by that which every joint supplieth according to the effectual working in the measure of every part maketh increase of the body to the edifying of it self in love Ephes 4.16 the whole body is joined to him the whole body hath an energy from him Medina speaking of this famous Text notes the Phrase 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 according to the effectual working which the members receive from the head and by virtue of which they act and then adds these memorable words In 3. Part. Thom. Qu. 13. Art 2. Nihil potuit significantius dict ad explicandum quod omnis operatio omnis motus omnis vis efficacia energia quam habent Christiani homines habent a Christo per Christum quemadmodum membra a capite vitam efficaciam energiam recipiunt ratione cujus agunt vivunt nothing could be more significantly said to express that all the operation motion power efficacy and energy which Christians have they have from and by Christ as the members receive from the head life and efficacy and energy by virtue of which they do act and live Touching this influence from Christ the Head I shall consider three things the necessity of an influencing head the matter of the influence and the way how it comes from Christ The first thing is the necessity of an influencing head I mean not a simple necessity but an hypothetical one God was not bound to raise up a Church out of the corrupt mass of mankind but upon supposal that he will do so it was requisite that there should be an influencing head In our first head Adam there was once a stock of holiness and righteousness not meerly for himself but for us but in the fall he spent it and became an utter bankrupt Had he stood in his integrity holiness had come along with nature unto us but through his Apostacy nothing comes along with it but pravity and corruption we are now void of Grace and full of Sin And how should there be a Church which way should fallen man arrive at inherent Grace Nature cannot ascend above its level or lift up it self to such a thing as Grace which is altioris ordinis of a rank and order above nature God doth not treat with fallen man immediately or communicate Grace to him but in and through a Mediator it was therefore meet that the Son of God should in our flesh interpose and become an head of influence to us that so grace might be communicated nay and continued to us It could not be communicated but through a mediating head and he is a compleat one it could not be continued without a perpetual supply and he is not as Adam a failing Head but an everliving one his satisfaction and merit have an endless life in them the holy unction upon him is indeficient and ever running down upon Believers hence the anointing which they receive from him abideth in them 1 Joh. 2.27 because there is a continual supply from him who hath the Spirit above measure not only the being of the Church but the continuance of it requires an influencing Head The next thing is the matter of the influence I mean that which by it is derived to us Christ the Head influences a Divine life sense and motion into his believing members He influences life into them As long as they are in old Adam they are dead in sin but as soon as they are in Christ they live I live yet not I but Christ liveth in me Gal. 2.20 His spiritual life was not from himself but from Christ the Head who communicated the Holy Spirit to him and in that respect lived in him neither was this peculiar to Apostles but common to all Christians Christ is their life Col. 3.4 a Divine virtue from him makes them live this was typed out in Elisha No sooner did the dead man touch his bones but he revived and stood upon his feet 2 Kings 13.21 No sooner do we by Faith touch Christ crucified but there is a vital principle in us a spirit of life which discovers it self in the pulse of heavenly affections and breath of spiritual prayer and is a real proof and demonstration that we have a living Head in Heaven who makes us in our selves but dead lumps of clay and corruption partakers of a Divine life Again he influences sense into them There are interna 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 internal senses in them some quickness in the fear of the Lord some sight of the beauty and rectitude of his Holy Commands some tasts of the Divine Love and Grace some savourings of Christ and the Holy Unction some experimental touches of the things above some glimpses of Heaven and Glory but all these are from the Head else Believers would as well as others lie in the stupor of the fall and be no more concerned about heavenly things than about meer nullities It 's true a man not joined to the Head may have a great notion of these things but he hath no particular sense of them the current of his affections is such that
one would think there were no other world but an outward sensible one spiritual sensations are not from meer notion but from Christ the Head Further He influences motion into them Whether they be melting in repentant tears or burning in acts of holy zeal or drawing out their souls in charity or sweating in a lawful calling or bowing down under an afflicting providence all the motion is from the Head without him all their Graces would lye dormant in an habit and be as it were none at all It is the Head which awakens them and makes them go forth into act I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me saith the Apostle Phil. 4.13 The holy action is in Believers but the strength is in the Head only whatever good they do they must thank the Head for it which not by an outward command only but by an inward virtuous influence also bids them arise and do it The last thing is the way how the influence comes from Christ unto Believers We are not to think that the habits of Grace in Christs humane nature are transfused into us habits go not out of their subjects into another they produce acts in their own subjects but procreate not habits in foreign ones But this is the way Christ being full of all Grace did by his glorious satisfaction and merit procure that the same Holy Spirit which is upon himself the Head should fall down upon Believers the mystical parts and members of him Hence the Apostle saith that the Holy Spirit is shed on us richly through Jesus Christ our Saviour Tit. 3.6 Had not he atoned and merited for us the Holy Spirit would not have touched upon one fallen Son of Adam but in and through him there is as St. Chrysostom speaks In Ephes cap. 4. bom 11. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Spirit flowing from above which touches every member of his body After this sort he is an Head of influence to his Church communicating his Spirit to all his members to unite them one to another and all of them to himself the Head There is one body and one spirit Ephes 4.4 Were there not one Spirit in Believers they being as far distant from one another in time as the morning and evening of the world and in place as the parts and quarters of the earth could not possibly be one body were not the one Spirit from Christ he could not be an Head of influence to his Church or carry himself to it as his Body but there being one Spirit in Believers they are one Body and that one Spirit being from Christ he is an Head of influence to them Thus the Apostle saith That he is head over all things to the Church which is his body the fulness of him that filleth all in all Ephes 1.22 23. Such an Head is he as filleth the Body his Church with his own Spirit It 's true the Church is his fulness in one respect though he hath all fulness in him and filleth all in all yet as he is an Head which he deigned to be to us he is not full without a body but he is the Churches fulness in a much higher resperct the Church is his outward fulness supplying him with members without which he is not compleat as an Head but is pleased to accoumt himself maimed but he is as I may so say the Churches inward fulness by his own Spirit moving and actuating it as his Body The Church is his fulness in respect of integrity of parts without which he would be as an Head without a Body but he is the Churches fulness in respect of virtue and the spirit without which the Church would not be a living Body depending on him as a living Head Thus he is an Head of influence to Believers communicating in a measure his own spirit to them Notable is that of Durandus Nullus actus vitae est in corpore qui non sit in capite In Sext. lib. 3. dist 13. quest 1 nullus actus gratiae est in totâ Ecclesiâ ad quam se non extendat gratia Christi There is no act of life in the Body which is not in the Head there is no act of Grace in the whole Church to which the Grace of Christ extendeth not it self It is further to be noted that Christ is an Head of incomparable excellency he is not only Head over all things but an Head above all other heads and for this I shall instance in two things The one is this The natural head cannot make membrum de non membro a member of that which was none before but Christ such is his excellent virtue can draw and gather men off from the old corrupt stock of Adam and transplant and incorporate them as members into himself the Head naturally they were lost but he seeks them dark but he inlightens them dead but he quickens them foul but he washes them black but he puts a beauty upon them all the members of him may admire infinite Grace and say we were not the people of God but now we are so we were not members of Christ but now we are so In Adam the first head all men were ruined but Christ the second Head hath power over all flesh Joh. 17.2 to draw and gather men into union with himself and in so doing to make his Power and Grace illustrious The other is this The natural Head hath virtue enough for its own members but Christ our Head hath virtue enough for a world did all the men on earth by Faith come into union with him there would be no defect but a supply of grace for them all his satisfaction and merit are of an immense value his Spirit is a fountain of Grace never to be drawn dry or exhausted There is in him as Bonaventure speaks not only plenitudo sufficienciae In Sent. lib. 3. dist 13. qu. 3. a fulness of sufficiency as in the Saints but plenitudo superabundantiae a fulness of superabundance enough to overflow a whole world of men in case they were by Faith united to him Oh! what an Head is Christ there is a famine of Grace in lapsed nature but in him there are stores and treasures for our supply there is a fulness of sin in us but in him there is a superabundance of Grace to overcome it in him we may see holiness not in the little Pictures of it as in the Saints but in the great Sampler and Origen thereof That beautiful thing Grace in him appears not in beams and drops but as in a Sun or Ocean Happy are those who are in union with him they live in the spring and universal principle of Grace in all the acts of spiritual life sense and motion they may feel the Power Virtue and Divine Efficacy of him the Head CHAP. V. The mystical union set forth by that between the food and the body Christ is the trùe food He strengthens against the cursing Law He
his Son Jesus Christ and love one another 1 Joh. 3.23 Love is for our Brother but Faith for Christ only no meer creature is an object fit for it Cursed is the man that trusteth in man Jer. 17.5 We are united to Christ as an influencing Head not so to our fellow-Christians The Wise Virgins had Oyl little enough for themselves the most excellent Christians have no Grace to spare the great spring of all Grace is in Christ the Head to go to another than him for it is to fall off from him and as the Apostle speaks of the Worshippers of Angels Not to hold the head from which all the body by joints and bands having nourishment ministred and knit together increaseth with the increase of God Col. 2.19 Might we have Grace from another He who is the Head and universal Principle of Grace would become useless and altogether superfluous The Romanists who earnestly contend that the Pope is Head of the Church do yet qualifie their opinion Aqu. 3. pars qu. 8. and say That the Pope is only Head secundum exteriorem gubernationem according to external government but Christ alone is Head secundum interiorem influxum according to internal influx Christians are united one to another by Love but unto Christ they are united as unto an Head of influence Hence the union is more than a Moral one There is an union of Love between Christ and the Holy Angels they are the top of the Creation sublime in Knowledg unspotted in Sanctity excellent in Perfections ever a ministring to the Church and doing one piece of the Divine Will or other it cannot be otherwise but that he must have a great Love for them he is the brightness of the Fathers Glory the Character or express Image of his Person he made the Angelical World and all its perfections he came down into the humane nature to repair us and raise us up out of the ruins of the fall the highest design of Gods Glory was carried on by him the Divine Wisdom Holiness Justice Mercy Truth did shew forth themselves upon the Theater of his humane Nature the Holy Angels cannot but have a Love for him and because he is an object of Excellency and they creatures of perfection their Love to him must be a very Eminent one their Intellects have not as ours any blinds or dark shades in them but are full of pure and coelestial light they have not as we only some glimpses but a full view of the attractive Beauties and Excellencies in him their Love is not as ours subject to damps and clogs of corruption but ever pure and in holy Orders they do not as we dwell here below in houses of Clay but stand above attending upon his glorious Person All which must needs promote their Love in a very high degree Thus there is an union of Love between Christ and Angels But if in the glass of Scripture we look upon the union between Christ and Believers we shall find much more in it than in that between him and Angels there is a different foundation Christ took on him not the nature of Angels but of men he died on a Cross not for Angels but for men our union with him is founded on his Incarnation and atoning-Passion but the union of Angels is not so There is also a different way it is very proper for us fallen creatures to be joined to a Mediator not so for Angels who stand in their integrity without need of a Mediator in us there is an unitive Grace Faith in a Mediator not so in Angels they have a Faith of dependance on God but I suppose they have not a Faith of recumbence in a Mediator it is through the satisfactory and meritorious Sufferings of Christ that the same Holy Spirit which is upon him the head comes down upon us his members to repair the Divine Image in us but it is not so with Angels the Grace given unto them is not repairing but confirming neither doth it proceed through the blood of a Mediator but immediately from God These things considered our union with Christ must needs be more than a Moral one as having that in it which cannot be found in the union of Angels with him 3dly The union between Christ and Believers is such that he doth support them The resemblance of the foundation and building is a very lively and genuine proof of this the building doth not bear up it self but is supported by the foundation Believers do not bear up themselves but are supported by Christ this is a very admirable thing to consider Adam in Innocency had not the least seed of corruption in him yet he fell Angels much greater than he had no corruption or tempter yet many of them fell but Believers are supported there are dregs and reliques of corruption in them there are alluring and flattering objects round about them there is a subtile Devil using many arts and methods to draw out their corruption into act yet in these dangerous circumstances they are supported because they are united to Christ there is a very remarkable difference between Angels and men Angels stood or fell personally only not in another in an head of their own nature but it is otherwise with men All mankind fell in Adam their root or head and all believers stand in Christ the root and head of the Church hence it is that they are supported hence they are said to be preserved in Christ Jesus Jude 1. Adam in Innocency was soon unframed but they stand in Christ in him one sin drove out a stock of pure immaculate Grace in a moment in them the many remnants of corruption cannot do so the reason is he with his perfect Graces stood alone but they with their imperfect ones are in union with Christ Hence it is that their Graces live like a spark in water and spring up even in the midst of briars Corruption is driven out by little and little and at last perfection is attained in Heaven if they stumble and fall in the way thither yet they rise again the Holy Spirit visits them again fresh acts of Faith and Repentance are put forth Aug. de Cor. cap. 9. Humiliores redeunt doctiores they become more humble and learned especially in that great point of dependance upon Christ they see plainly that they are weak in themselves and all their support is in him One object one forbidden tree drew away Adam from God but many objects cannot draw away Believers from Christ though their corrupt flesh such is its inordinate propensity to outward and sensible things would close with every thing and turn the whole world into Snares and Idols yet are they not drawn away their Faith is a victory over the World 1 John 5.4 not meerly in it self as it is a Divine Grace but as it unites them to Christ who overcame the world not as a private person but as a publick one on their behalf
that it might be but as a prostrate pinioned enemy to them that they through his Spirit communicated to them might also overcome it he did not gather them up out of the corrupt world to himself that they might return thither again their union with him is so near and strong that the world cannot take them back to it self again its flatteries cannot allure its fears cannot fright them away from him Satan overthrew Adam but he cannot do so with Believers in assaulting him he had only to do with a man but in assaulting them he sets upon those who are mystical parts and members of Christ he hath to do with Christ himself who is God as well as man his hand is too strong for Satan to pluck them away from him his Love is too great to lose his own members whom he hath purchased at no less price than his own blood It 's true they do sometimes fall under the temptation but then they do not fall as Adam did they do not as he lose the very state of Grace or all the power of a recovery no the habits or vital principles of Grace are not extinct the Spirit and Grace of Christ will raise them up again Satans conquest is not a total or final one at last he shall be bruised under their feet Christ who in his own person conquered the Tempter conquers him in his members also Thus Believers are supported because they are in union with Christ 4thly The union between Christ and Believers is such that he doth influence into them The resemblances of the Vine and the Head do naturally teach this A Vine communicates to the branches an Head influences into the members Christ could not be what the Scripture calls him a Vine or an Head unless he did influence into his branches and members There are two sorts of influences some are first and fundamental to our union with Christ others do in order of nature follow after The first fundamental influences are those which work the unitive Grace of Faith Men are not native branches or members of Christ but insititious ones Faith which implants and incorporates them into him is not from Nature but Grace The ancient Council tells us Conc. Arans Can. 6. that it is per infusionem inspirationem Spiritûs Sancti by the infusion and inspiration of the holy Spirit Christ therefore sends out the Spirit with its inward teachings and tractions to work faith in men to gather them into union with himself thus the union begins from him Faith the first Grace that touches upon him is wrought by his Spirit and upon account of his Merits To you it is given 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for Christs sake to believe Phil. 1.29 Were it not for this influence there could be no union no branches or members in him The after-influences are those which serve to perfect the Believer as in the Old Creation Light was the first-born and then the other parts of the world were made so in the New the first thing is the Light of Faith and then follow those Graces which make up the new Creature Love Mercy Meekness Zeal Obedience Patience are the fruits of the influencing Spirit the Rivers of living water in the Believer all of them are derived from Christ the Head through faith which is called the Churches Neck Cant. 4.4 into the mystical body after this manner are all Graces formed without these influences there would be in Believers no Graces or Conformity to Christ no fit Temple for the Holy Spirit to dwell in Again there are influences not only to form these Graces but to actuate them As natural Agents live and move in the God of Nature so Believers who are spiritual Agents live and move in Christ their Head the gracious Principles in them do not go alone but the Holy Spirit stirs them up and then the spices flow out Love and Joy and all other Graces shew forth themselves in suitable Operations St. Paul excellently describes this I live yet not I but Christ liveth in me saith he Gal. 2.20 Take a Believer burning in Zeal or melting in Charity or sweating in Obedience or doing ought in an holy manner still Christ lives in him the effectual working is from the Head in Heaven without these influences Graces do but sleep in the principle and not go forth into act Further There are not only influences to actuate Graces in Believers but to make them grow up into Christ in all things the Believer doth not stand at a stay no the first little dawn in his heart increases into a morning the small grain of mustard-seed becomes a tree the little Embrio or Babe in Christ grows to be a man of spiritual stature his humility is every day lower his holy desires rise higher than before the vitals of Faith and Love become warmer than ever and all this increase is from the effectual working it is no other than the growing up of the members into their influencing Head the flourishing and spreading of the new Creature under the dews of the Spirit Without these influences Believers would be at a stand and never arrive at any statures in Grace Thus it appears that these influences are excellent and necessary Were it not for the first influences Christ would have no members and so not be what he was ordained to be an Head to the Church Were it not for the after-influences he would not carry himself as becomes an Head neither would his members be such as they ought to be in the point of holy graces 5thly The union between Christ and believers is a very intimate one The resemblance of food doth notably set forth this food is very intimately united to the body and so is Christ to believers Our Saviour takes notice of this He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood dwelleth in me and I in him Joh. 6.56 The words import a very near union St. Cyprian speaking of this De Caenâ Domini saith Mansio nosira in ipso est manducatio potus quasi quaedam incorporatio Our eating of him is mansion our drinking a kind of incorporation we are spiritually incorporated into him Of the Sacr Hom. 1. Our Church calls it a marvellous incorporation wrought by the operation of the Holy Ghost Accipientes virtutem caelestis cibi in carnem ipsius qui caro nostra factus est transeamus Leo 1. Epist 22 ad Cler. Const we do as it were pass into his flesh who was made flesh with us we dwell in him and he in us and what can be nearer though he be not as ordinary food inferior to the body is turned into our substance yet as spiritual food more excellent than our souls he turns us into his Divine image We live by him Joh. 6.57 He is our life Col. 3.4 The very fountain and principle of it therefore he must needs be nearly and intimately united to us Nemo vivit vitâ extra se
Believer in this posture is sure to hear of him he shall be more and more led into holy Truths his ear is opened and his mind in a readiness for further instruction The Spirit will make deeper impressions and seal divine Truths upon his heart The rich Mines of Precepts and Promises shall lye more open before his eyes Again Christ is a great King higher than the Kings of the Earth he was anointed with the Holy Ghost he hath all the power in Heaven and Earth his Laws are all rectitude and grace his Throne must be set up in the hearts and spirits of men Unto this Faith answers by that obediential temper which is in it It owns his Soveraignty it kisses his Scepter it chuses him as a Lord â—t loves to live in his Dominions if he come forth in his Royal Command it opens the everlasting doors that he may reign within This is a fit posture it is called receiving Christ Jesus the Lord Col. 2.6 Christ will own such as his Subjects he will more and more lift up his Throne in their hearts he will let them see more of his power and glory he will make them taste the fruits of his Government in protection and excellent rewards This is the second step of union between Christ and Believers There is that in Faith which answers to all his Offices there is satisfaction in him and recumbency in them instruction in him and docibleness in them Royalty in him and obedientialness in them 3ly There is by faith a right unto Christ God did not only send his Son in the flesh to satisfie and merit for us but he hath let down from Heaven a Charter of Promises that we might see upon what terms we may have a title to Christ By that Charter sealed with his blood the believer who also seals to it by faith hath a clear right unto him My beloved is mine saith the Church Cant. 2.16 Believers have a right to claim him as their own though he be an infinite person one who is a center of Perfections a treasury of merits having in himself enough to satisfie the heart of God and supply the wants of men yet may they claim him as their own His blood is theirs it is the blood of their Sponsor and Head it was shed on purpose to justifie them as to the Law to cleanse away their sins His Spirit is theirs it is upon him as an Head and Trustee accordingly it is to be communicated to them it is to flow in their hearts in rivers of living graces They have also a right to become the sons of God It 's true they are not as he is natural Sons but they are adopted ones In their adoptive Sonship there is as Aquinas observes a shadow of the Eternal One. He is the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sum. 3. part q. 23. Ar. 2. or brightness of his Father and in them there is a splendor of grace resembling God in a measure at last they shall as sons enter into his joy and sit down with him in his Throne and there not only behold his glory but have a share in the blessed region and all this is made good by the Gospel one jot or tittle of which can no more fail than God can forfeit his truth and faithfulness This is another step there is by faith a true right unto Christ 4thly There is by faith more than a meer right to Christ there is an intimate union with him believers are built upon him as a foundation inserted into him as a Vine incorporated with him as an Head To understand which of a meer right is utterly to evacuate these Metaphors which were planted in Scripture on purpose to signifie a very near union with him It is said in Scripture That we are in him and he is in us We dwell in him and he dwells in us We abide in him and he abides in us To interpret these phrases of a meer right as if all the meaning were but this We have a right to him and he hath a right to us is to dispirit those expressions which do as Emphatically speak a very near union as any words can possibly do No man ever used such words to express a right no man can use higher to express an union In those phrases therefore we have an intimate union set forth unto us so also we have in that of the Apostle We are made partakers of Christ Heb. 3.14 Not meerly of his benefits but of himself When the same Apostle would set forth the Hypostatical union of our nature to Christ he saith That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he did partake of our flesh and blood Heb. 2.14 When in this place he would set forth the Mystical union of believers to him he saith That we are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 partakers of him we do in a sort possess him we partake of him as members do of their head His satisfaction reaches down to us to make us stand before God his Spirit is communicated to us to make us a fit Temple for himself By faith we come to be in intimate union with him and in a spiritual manner possessed of him Thus much touching Faith as a bond of union with Christ The other bond is the holy Spirit The Scripture speaks of it negatively and positively Negatively If any man have not the Spirit of Christ he is none of his Rom. 8.9 The Spirit of Christ is that which just before is called the Spirit of God which quickens our mortal bodies ver 11. which leads the sons of God ver 14. which makes them cry Abba Father ver 15. which bears witness with their spirit ver 16. He that hath not this Spirit in such measure as is necessary to Salvation he is none of Christs he is not united to him as a member none of his members are void of the Spirit Positively He that is joined unto the Lord is one spirit 1 Cor. 6.17 Hereby know we that we dwell in him and he is in us because he hath given us of his spirit 1 Joh. 4.13 The same holy Spirit which is upon Christ the Head falls down upon believers as members of him though Christ an infinite person assumed an humane nature though his humane nature was in the same person with his Divine yet which is admirable to consider the holy Spirit had a special hand in uniting the humane nature to his person and in sanctifying it the holy Spirit came upon the Virgin Luk. 1.35 The holy Spirit descended like a Dove and lighted upon him Mat. 3.16 His Divine Nature was alsufficient and near enough to the humane yet was he anointed with the Holy Ghost and with power Act. 10.38 The sanctifying of his humane nature is in a peculiar manner attributed to the holy Spirit The reason I take it is this God in his wise counsel would have it to be so that the same Spirit which united the two Natures in the Person of Christ
all these glorious appearances operate intimately and immediately he penetrates into the inmost spirit and is more intimate to it than that is to it self he operates not only by an immediation of virtue but by an immediation of essence for his virtue is not distinct from his essence Thus there is a communication of the Spirit an excellent operative intimate presence with Believers as if he were a kind of soul to them to quicken them unto every good work But alas how short are our thoughts in this point how little a portion of it do we know The Master of the Sentences out of St. Chrysostom asserts That we cannot comprehend how God is every where much less can we comprehend how he who is every where is in a special manner in Believers I verily think that those Phrases of Scripture which express the Spirit to be communicated to them have in them a mystery much deeper than we can dive into I shall therefore make no further answer to the Quaere it is enough for me to say with Fulgentius That the inhabitation of the Holy Trinity in us De Pers Christ is non localis sed immensa non comprehensibilis cogitatione sed venerabilis fide not local but immense not comprehensible in thought but venerable in Faith I conclude with that of Zanchy De trib El. lib. 4. cap. 1. Spiritus Sanctus quia immensus est ideo ubique est maximè in omnibus fidelibus speciali quodam sed incomprehensibili modo The Holy Spirit because he is immense therefore he is every-where most of all he is in all the faithful after a certain special but incomprehensible manner The next thing which comes to be considered in this discourse is the Operations of the Spirit I touched upon this before but now I will speak a little more to it It 's true these Operations being among the opera ad extra are common to the whole Trinity yet in Scripture they are in a peculiar manner attributed to the Spirit the reason of which is because of that order which is among the persons in the Sacred Trinity the Father is of himself fons Deitatis the fountain of the Deity the Son is from the Father lumen de lumine light of light the Holy Spirit is from the Father and the Son he proceeds by an eternal spiration from both of them And as is the order of subsisting so is the order of operating the Father operates from himself the Son from the Father the Holy Spirit from both Hence in the three great Works of God Creation which is the first rise of things out of nothing is in a special manner attributed to the Father Redemption which helps up a poor fallen creature is in a special manner attributed to the Son Sanctification which perfects the redeemed is in a special manner attributed to the Holy Spirit Hence in the great Work of Salvation the Father laid the counsel and platform of it the Son carries on the work in a middle mediating way the Holy Spirit according to his place in order consummates it by working Faith and all other Graces But this is only by the way In treating of these Operations I shall note two things that is what is in them of respect to union with Christ and what is in them of respect to the Inhabitation of the Spirit or which is all one to the Inhabitation of the whole Sacred Trinity The first Operation of the Spirit in Believers is this He forms all holy Graces in them he draws the very Picture of Christ upon them in humility love meekness mercy goodness heavenliness patience this operation is requisite upon a double account One that Christ may have a seed the Father promised him a seed he himself merited one yet a seed he could not have unless the Spirit did work these Graces which make us to bear a resemblance of him Another that God might have a Temple under the Old Testament he had an outward Temple but even then he would have an inward one a Sanctuary in the heart under the New Testament he had a Temple in the humane nature of Christ but even in that he aimed to have a Tabernacle in men but this could not be unless the Spirit did come and turn the heart into an holy place for him As touching this Operation the holy Graces may be considered under a double notion either as they make us to have one common nature with Christ and thus they import union with him or else as they are tokens of the divine Presence and thus they import the Inhabitation of God in us These Graces make us to have one common nature with Christ and thus they import union with him there is as the learned Camero observes a double union one ab uno communi simpliciter from one common nature simply considered thus all men are united there being one humane nature in them another ab uno communicato from one nature communicated thus a Father and a Son are united the Son having the same nature communicated from the Father To apply this distinction First Believers have one common humane nature with Christ not only in that large sense in which all men have the same nature with him but in a more strict sense peculiar to believers only He that sanctifieth and they who are sanctified are all of one Hebr. 2.11 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of one not of one God so Angels also are not of one Adam so wicked men also are but of one nature and condition Christ hath an humane nature sanctified by the Spirit and so have Believers this is one peculiar thing in which he and they meet there is no other holy flesh in all the world but what is in him and them This tells us that they are so united to him in one common nature as no other creature in Heaven or Earth is Angels are not so they are holy but not flesh unregenerate men are not so they are flesh but not holy Believers only have as Christ hath an humane nature sanctified by the Spirit Further which advances the Union they have this sanctified nature from him we are members of his body of his flesh and of his bones Eph. 5.30 In this sanctified nature there are two things a carnal substance and an holy quality as to the carnal substance he is of our flesh and of our bones he did partake of flesh and blood with us As to the holy quality we are of his flesh and of his bones by him we are partakers of the divine nature Thus believers are joyned to him as to the Fountan of their Sanctity their holy Graces all hang upon him as beams upon the Sun If the Children of Reuben and Gad had been asked What part have you in the Lord they would have shewed the pattern of the Altar If Believers be asked What part have you in Christ they can shew forth their holy Graces These are Copies drawn after him
power of his resurrection in a Divine life the one is notably adumbrated in the baptismal immersion into the Water the other in the eduction out of it Thus Baptism is a seal to confirm Christ with his benefits to us But this is not all it is also a seal to convey him with his benefits to us Hence in Scripture it is for the remission of sins Acts 2.38 It is the Laver of regeneration Tit. 3.5 Hence in the Fathers it is called the investiture of Christianity the genital Water the spiritual Nativity the divine Generation with the like which import that it is a sacred Medium by which divine Grace is communicated to us only it is to be remembred that Baptism doth not this ex opere operato out of the work done it is not the Physical cause of Grace but the Moral it is Idolatry to imagine that a meer creature should physically by its own intrinsecal virtue cause such a thing as Regeneration which is only proper for God to do we are all apt to be led by Sense rather than by Faith we had much rather have Grace inclosed in a visible element than be in a dependance upon God for it but Grace is not in Baptism as Wine is in a Vessel it is not insistent in the Water but assistent it lodges not by the way in the element but comes immediately from the eternal fountain In the right use of Baptism it never is wanting but In Esay cap. 4. as St. Jerom hath it Homo tantùm aquam tribuit Deus autem Spiritum Sanctum Man only gives the Water God gives the Holy Ghost Baptism is a seal of union with Christ only the Quaere is to whom it is so In answer to this I shall speak a little first touching the Baptism of adult persons then touching the Baptism of Infants As touching the Adult Baptism is a seal of union not to all but to Believers only Bonaventure saith that faith is necessary in all Sacraments In sent lib. 4. d. 3. qu. 3. especially in Baptism Quoniam Baptismus est janua Sacramentorum sicut fides est janua virtutum because Baptism is the gate of Sacraments as Faith is the gate of virtues Baptism is the seal of the Covenant therefore it appertains to those who by Faith are within it It is clear in Scripture that Faith is pre-required to Baptism They that gladly received the word were baptized Acts 2.41 When they believed Philip they were baptized Acts 8.12 If thou believest with all thine heart thou maist saith Philip to the Eunuch Act. 8.37 Anciently before Baptism Interrogatories were put unto the person to be baptized and answers made by him in this manner Renuncias Satanae Renuncio Credis in Christum Credo Dost thou renounce Satan I renounce him Dost thou believe in Christ I believe Hence Tertullian saith De Resur Anima non lavatione sed responsione sancitur the Soul is established not by washing but by answering In the due use of Sacraments there must be an hand on both sides manus Dei offerentis the hand of God offering and manus fidei accipientis the hand of faith receiving though a Sacrament hath its essential integrity though there be a real offer on Gods part yet without a receiving-Faith there is Sacramentum sine re a sign without Grace Were Faith always present the Grace as well as the Sign would ever be communicated but Faith being absent nothing but the meer Sign passes to the receiver Hence the Scripture distinguisheth touching Circumcision between that in the flesh and that in the heart Rom. 2.28 29. and touching Baptism between the putting away the filth of the flesh and the answer of a good conscience towards God 1 Pet. 3.21 The House of Israel was not as other Nations uncircumcised in flesh yet were they uncircumcised in heart Jer. 9.26 Simon Magus was baptized with Water but not with the Holy Ghost for he was in the gall of bitterness Acts 8.13 23. Believers are the men to whom Baptism is a seal of union they are in truth baptized into Christ and into one body while others are so in shew and appearance only they do indeed put on Christ while others as St. Austin speaks Contr. Don. lib. 5. c. 24. put him on only usque ad Sacramenti perceptionem non usque ad vitae Sanctificationem unto a perception of the Sacrament not unto sanctification of life They are buried with Christ and risen with him feeling his death in their mortification his resurrection in their Divine Life Baptism is for the remission of sins but it is to those who by Faith are capable of it it is a Laver of regeneration as the Gospel is the Power of God to Salvation not to all but to Believers As touching Infants the Learned Professors of Leyden require Faith not only in the Adult Synops Theo. de Baptismo but in Infants too in order to Baptism Infants may be put into three ranks Some Infants are in their infancy in union with Christ they have Faith in the seed though not in the fruit Grace in the gift though not in the use they have the Spirit dwelling in them Aust Epist 57. and are a part of his Temple though they know him not Neither needs this seem strange it is very reasonable to believe that a supernatural power may do as much as a natural one the Image of God which if Adam had stood would have passed to Infants by natural generation may well be derived to them by spiritual regeneration It 's granted on all hands that some Infants at least enter into life eternal But what do they do so unjustified unsanctified Surely no in Heaven there is not so much as the guilt of one unremitted sin those Infants who go thither must be justified if they be justified they must have Faith and Sanctification Faith because justification is by it The Scripture knows not two ways of justification one by Faith another without it Sanctification because Justification is never separate from it But you are sanctified but you are justified saith the Apostle 1 Cor. 6.11 These twins of Grace can never be parted where the justifying blood is sprinkled there the sanctifying spirit is communicated where the binding guilt of sin is dissolved there the polluting spot is done away both are to be found in those Infants that are saved Hence the Fathers in the Milenitan Council Can. 2. do say That Infants are baptized in peccatorum remissionem ut in eis regeneratione mundetur quod generatione traxerunt for the remission of sin that that in them may be cleansed in regeneration which they drew in generation Here they mention both remission and regeneration in them Again In Heaven there is not there cannot be the least spot of pollution Infants which go thither must be sanctified without the new birth there is no entry Joh. 3.5 Without holiness no seeing of God Heb. 12.14 Hence it
this never is or can be though the divine nature be where the humane is not yet the union remains it being made cum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 non cum loco with the word not with place the Divine nature being immense cannot possibly by distance be separated from any thing if in the least point it were separated it should cease to be immense or else thus The Divine Nature is not shut up in the limits of the flesh but doth transcendently exceed them and thus the Divine Nature is not so properly out of the flesh as beyond it according to its Infinity it is where the humane is not Thus much touching the Doctrine of the Lutherans in this point But if there is not a corporal presence of the body of Christ in the Eucharist is there no presence at all Are the Sacraments 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 naked signs and empty figures of Christ crucified This indeed is charged upon us by the Papists and Lutherans When Calvin saith that the body of Christ is exhibited to us in the Sacrament De Euch. lib. 1. c. 1. Bellarmine cries out that it is but mera ludificatio When Wendilin speaks of the presence of Christs body in the Eucharist Wend. Ex. 103. the Lutherans cry out fucus est dolus est it is a colour a cheat Nevertheless we say that the body and blood of Christ are truly though spiritually present not as contained in the elements but as exhibited to our Faith Thus Reverend Calvin hath it Inst lib. 4. c. 17. s 11. Dico in coenae mysterio per symbola panis vini Christum verè nobis exhiberi in the mystery of the Supper by the Symbols of bread and wine Christ is truly exhibited to us Thus the excellent Vsher Serm before the Commons 1620. Of his precious body and blood we are really made partakers that is in truth and in deed and not in imagination only although in a spiritual and not a corporal manner Thus the Church of England Hom. 1st of the Sacrament In the Supper of the Lord there is no vain ceremony no bare sign no untrue figure of a thing absent but the Table of the Lord the bread and cup of the Lord the memory of Christ the annunciation of his death yea the communion of the body and blood of the Lord in a marvelous incorporation which by the operation of the Holy Ghost the very bond of our conjunction with Christ is through Faith wrought in the Souls of the faithful And again The body of Christ is given Art the 28. taken and eaten in the Supper only after an heavenly and spiritual manner It 's true the Papists and Lutherans make light of this spiritual presence Gregory de Valentiâ calls it merum somnium Calvinisticum a meer Calvinistical dream The Lutherans say that this is not a true presence of Christs body but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 imago a spectrum or image In answer to this I shall offer two or three things The Papists and Lutherans who cast off this spiritual presence as a fancy do yet in explaining a corporal presence make the notion too fine to consist with the nature of a body De Euch. Lib. 1. c. 2. Lib. 3. c. 4. Bellarmine will not have the body of Christ in the Eucharist to be visible sensible tangible it exists after the manner of Spirits nay it is present after the manner of God The Lutherans will not have the body of Christ in the Eucharist to be visible palpable local circumscribed with place it exists in a supernatural manner it is present praesentiâ divinâ by a Divine presence Thus they who slight the spiritual presence do make the corporal one so fine that the body of Christ after they have stript it of its essential properties is more like a Spirit than a Body The presence of Christ in the Eucharist is a spiritual one This is clear the presence is such as the faculty is to which the thing is presented the Bread and Wine which are the outward symbols of the Sacrament are presented to our sense the Body and Blood of Christ which are the inward marrow of it are presented to our Faith In the former a corporal presence is necessary in the latter a spiritual one Again The presence is such as the eating is the eating of Christ is spiritual it is as appears in the sixth chapter of St. John from spiritual principles to a spiritual end from the quickening spirit to life eternal the presence therefore must be a spiritual one that it may sute to the eating Further The presence is as the union is the union between Christ and us is spiritual he dwells in us by Faith he lives in us by his Spirit the presence therefore must be a spiritual one that it may agree with the union The Fathers are not for a corporal but a spiritual presence St. Cyprian treating of the Eucharist saith (a) Non tà m corporali quà m spiritali transitione Christo nos uniri de Caenâ That we are united to Christ not by a corporal but spiritual transition St. Ambrose saith (b) In illo Sacramento Christus est quia corpus est Christi non ergò corporalis esca sed spiritalis est De iis qui initiantur cap. 9. In the Sacrament is Christ because it is the Body of Christ it is not therefore corporal food but spiritual St. Athanasius saith of the Body of Christ (c) Corpus meum in cibum dabitur ut spiritualitèr unicûique tribuatur In illud qui dixerit Verbum That it is given for food that it may be spiritually distributed to every one St. Austin saith (d) Habuit Christum Ecclesia secundum praesentiam carnis paucis diebus modò fide tenet Tract in Joh. 50. The Church had Christ according to the presence of flesh a few days now she holds him by faith St. Bernard saith (e) Eadem caro nobis sed spiritualitèr non carnalitèr exhibeatur in fest Mart. That the flesh of Christ is exhibited to us spiritually not carnally Thus the Ancients are not for a corporal presence but a spiritual one This spiritual presence is so great a mystery that reverend Calvin saith Instit lib. 4. c. 17. Nec mens plane cogitando nec linguà explicando par esse potest the mind cannot conceive it the tongue cannot utter it Where mysteries are deep to speak a little is enough I shall therefore only touch on two things The one is this the body of Christ is objectively present to our faith St. Paul tells the Galatians that before their eyes Jesus Christ had been evidently set forth crucified among them his Cross was at Jerusalem his glorious residence in Heaven yet he is before our faith in the Gospel and particularly in the Eucharist in which as in a sacred Crucifix we see him as it were a suffering for us It is here to be
noted that there is a double existence of things the one absolute which is coufined to time and place the other relative and objective which is not so The Sun in its absolute existence is in its orb but as an object it is present to the eye which sees not meerly the visible species but the Sun it self The Body of Christ in its absolute existence is in Heaven but as an object it is present to Faith which sees not meerly the outward figures and symbols in the Eucharist but Christ himself sweating bleeding dying on a Cross satisfying Divine justice for sin which is such a sight as makes the Soul hide in his wounds wash in his blood rest on his at onement and triumph in his salvation The phylact upon that passage Gal. 3.1 enquiring how Christ who was crucified at Jerusalem could be said to be crucified among the Galatians Answers thus Praedicationi fidem praebentes perinde ac praesentem vidistis believing the Gospel preached ye saw him as present with you St. Jerom upon that Text saith it was with you quasi apud nos omnia facta sint as if all things had been done with you as if you had seen Christ hanging on the Cross Thus Christ as an object is present to our Faith It 's true the Lutherans say this presence is not a real one but in fancy and imagination only but may that faith which is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the subsistence of things hoped for Heb. 11.1 be called a fancy Was it a fancy by which Abel offered his excellent sacrifice Enoch was translated into Heaven Noah prepared an Ark Abraham offered up his beloved Isaac Moses saw him that is invisible Is it by a fancy that we are justified before God that we overcome the World that we are inserted and incorporated into Christ that we eat his flesh and drink his blood that we have him dwelling and living in our hearts These things are not done by fancy but by faith that spiritual presence which is to our faith is not imaginary but real no needless thing but simply necessary to the spiritual eating of Christ unto life eternal Without a presence there can be no eating without a spiritual presence there can be no spiritual eating that cannot be corporally eaten which is not present to sense that cannot be spiritually eaten which is not present to Faith the spiritual presence therefore is so far from being a fancy that it is necessary to that spiritual eating which is necessary to life eternal The other is this The Body of Christ is present virtually and in the Holy Spirit communicated to us St. Cyprian sets out Christ by the Sun the great Luminary of the world De Caenâ Domini Totum apud se manens totum se omnibus commodat remaining whole in himself he communicates himself whole to all his members His Sacred Body which is locally in Heaven comes down to us in healing and quickening beams in the special presence and operations of the Spirit there goes out from it a divine virtue which reaches down to all the Believers in the world and upon every touch of Faith is present to heal them Evigilet fides praestò est Christus let Faith awake and Christ is at hand Aquinas a great man among the Papists asserts that the passion of Christ operates per spiritualem contactum by a spiritual contact Scheckius 3. Pars. q. 48. art 6. a learned Lutheran saith that the Body of Christ is present with us not locally and corporally but spiritually and in Energy But here it will be said that thus the body of Christ is present in its effect only To which I answer there is more in it than so the Spirit communicated is not a meer effect but a copula or unitive bond it operates not meerly upon believers as objects but in them as parts of Christ When the Sun lets down his rays to the earth those rays are effects and operate upon the earth as an object but when the head lets down the animal spirits to the feet those spirits are an unitive bond and operate in them as parts of the body Thus it is between Christ and Believers the Spirit is not a meer effect but an unitive bond it joins them intimately to Christ it makes them members of his body of his flesh and of his bones mystical parts of him and a kind of appendants of his humane nature not indeed hypostatically but spiritually joined to it the distance between Heaven and Earth can no more impede this conjunction than the distance between the head and feet can impede that union which is between them The Immense Spirit can more easily unite at a vast distance then finite spirits can at a less the humane nature of Christ cannot by local distance be separated from the Divine because the Divine is Immense Believers cannot by local distance be separated from Christ because the uniting Spirit is Immense Again The Spirit operates not meerly upon Believers as objects but in them as parts of Christ first it makes them parts and then it operates in them as such ' Two things eminently shew them to be parts of him that is his Satisfaction is imputatively derived down upon them his Spirit doth by a special presence operate in them in the one they are as parts covered in the other as parts acted That the curse of the Law doth not seize upon them it is because the Head covers them with his satisfaction that they walk in holiness and obedience it is because the Head moves and acts them by his Spirit Thus we are in intimate conjunction with him and so as St. Chrysostom speaks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In 1 Cor. cap. 10. by union we partake of him his body which is united to him hypostatically is united to us mystically we have his flesh in the uniting and operating Spirit We know his fiesh saith St. Austin Non secundum carnem De Verb. Domini ser. 60. sed secundum spiritum not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit his corporal presence being gone from us there succeeds a spiritual one in the room of it The next thing is the eating of Christ The Papists and Lutherans who stand for a corporal presence are for an eating sutable that is an oral one but this is a great mistake In the Eucharist there is an earthly part before our sense and an heavenly one before our faith in the one an oral eating is proper in the other it is impossible vain nay a very horrible thing It is impossible the body of Christ cannot be eaten orally without suffering neither can it suffer while it is in glory it would not if torn into pieces serve all the communicants in the Church neither can it being finite be received intirely by all It is also vain could we take the body of Christ into our mouths how should it spiritually profit us which way should it
be miserable CHAP. IX The Marks of Vnion considered In general the marks are internal no meer outward thing is a mark the marks are cordial no meer notion is a mark the marks are supernatural no meer moral virtue is a mark In particular The first mark is poverty of Spirit the second is an high estimation of Christ the third is a tender respect to the Bonds of Vnion the Spirit and Faith the fourth is a conformity to Christ a conformity to him in Graces in the rise of them and in the kinds a conformity to him in Sufferings in the mortification of Sin and in bearing of the Cross a conformity to him in his resurrection in heavenliness of mind and newness of life in matter and manner The conclusion in two words of advice one to those that are not in union with him the other to those that are in union with him AS Union with Christ gives a title to great Priviledges so the knowledg of that Union gives the comfort of them those who know themselves to be in Christ do read their pardon and live in the borders of Paradise the Holy Spirit gives them a prospect of Heaven and seals them up for it it is therefore worth our labour to enquire into the Marks of this Union In doing this I shall first note three things in general and then come to particulars In general three things may be noted The first is this The marks of this Union are internal no meer outward thing can amount to a mark I shall give two instances of it The one is this No meer outward priviledg can amount to a mark It was the ancient humour of the Jews to rest upon external priviledges they gloried in this that they were Jews the seed of that great Saint Abraham who as they say performed every jot and tittle of the Law they cryed up their circumcision as a very great thing it was say they equal to all Precepts nay Heaven and Earth could not stand without it they magnified the Temple saying The temple of the Lord the temple of the Lord the temple of the Lord are these that was the perfection of Beauty made such by the special Presence of God in it Dr. Lightf Har. fo 39. These Priviledges lifted them up to such an height that they look'd upon all the nations of the world but as so many Dogs in comparison of themselves But all those who had these Priviledges had not an interest in Christ the true Jew is not meerly an outward one but an inward the right seed are not the children of Abrahams flesh but the children of the promise the great circumcision is not in the flesh but the heart it was not the outward Temple but the inward Sanctity which God looked at Hence the Apostle returns upon the Jews which were void of Christ the name of Dogs and calls them in an holy mockery the Concision and asserts that Christians who rejoyce in Christ and have no confidence in the flesh of outward priviledges are the true circumcision Phil. 3.2 3. In like manner Christians are very apt to rest upon outward Priviledges they are in the bosom of the Church they are baptized in the name of the Sacred Trinity they hear the sound of the glorious Gospel they receive the Bread and Wine in the Lords Supper These great Priviledges make them imagine themselves to be Christians indeed but all those who have these Priviledges are not in union with Christ all are not in his mystical body all have not the inward washing of Regeneration all do not hear and learn of the Father all do not eat the flesh and drink the blood of Christ in the midst of their outward Priviledges there is nothing within to prove them real Christians though they be in the Church visible yet as St. Austin saith Cont. Donat lib. 1. c. 17. Quod palea est palea est that which is chaff is chaff and as soon as the wind comes it will fly away and shew it self not to be in true unity with the Church The other is this No meer outward acts of obedience can amount to a mark It 's true acts of Obedience when done in a right spiritual manner are sure signs of union with Christ there is in them an holy respect to Gods command a pure intention directs them to his glory the fountain of them is internal and supernatural they are right issues of Faith and Love He that keepeth his Commandments dwelleth in him and he in them and hereby we know that he abideth in us by the Spirit which he hath given us 1 Joh. 3.24 It is here to be noted that to prove a man to be in union with Christ it is not only requisite that there be Obedience but also that there be the Holy Spirit to quicken us thereunto Acts of obedience which are good not in the manner but in the matter only do not amount to a mark they are but as a body without a soul or a picture without life a man may hear read pray give alms live soberly deal honestly yet in all these move only in the sphere of nature Natural conscience may prompt him to them servile fear may drive him on vain glory may allure him but he doth them in a carnal not in a spiritual manner in animo non facit he doth them to himself and to the world but not to God there is no Faith or holy Love at the bottom of them no pure intention at the great End no vital activity in the performance Acts of obedience are not evidences meerly as they are in opere operato in the work done but as they are done in a spiritual manner Hence our Saviour tells them Except your righteousness exceed the righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven Mat. 5.20 Scribes were men of the greatest learning Pharisees were men of the strictest Sect among the Jews yet because their righteousness was a meer external one we must go beyond them or else we shall fall short of that Heaven into which all the members of Christ enter The second is this The marks of this union are cordial no meer notion no not that of divine things can amount to a mark a man may have a great stock of notions yet not be in union with Christ he may know the literal sense and meaning of divine Truths yet have nothing of the spiritual effect and power of them upon his heart a man of meer notions druges in the service of sin as if there were no redemption walks in his corrupt ways as if there were no better to be found cleaves to earth as if there were no Heaven hangs about time as if there were no eternity chuses his lusts as if there were no God to set his heart upon and falls in with every vanity as if there were no Christ to be united unto His notions all lie dead there is
such an one though he know it not is indeed in union with Christ our Saviour pronounces him a blessed man one to whom the Kingdom of Heaven belongs which could never be in a state separate from him who purchased it for us there are some rayes of Faith in him which unite him to Christ some touches of the Holy Spirit which make him look towards salvation The next mark of this union is an high estimation of Christ In the Spouses eye he is white and ruddy the chiefest among ten thousand altogether lovely Cant. 5.10 and 16. To them that believe he is precious 1 Pet. 2.7 every thing in him is attractive He is precious in his person he is Immanuel God and man in one his Deity is infinite perfection his humanity is full of the rich anointings of the Spirit the union of the two natures is a pledg that God would be at one with us the rich anointings of the Spirit make his humane nature to be a fountain of Grace to run over and fill all the Believers in the world every thing in his person is amiable none neglect him but those that are at a distance from him all that are in union with him set the highest rate upon him in their eyes other things are but dross in comparison of him they put by all the world to set their hearts upon him they cast away all their Idols to make room for him in their inner man they part with carnal self to espouse him in the highest love they chuse him not meerly for his excellent benefits but chiefly for his incomparable person they rest not in his choicest gifts but lift their affections up to him the great donor nothing is so valuable to them as he He is precious in his active and passive obedience he fulfilled righteousness and bare the curse for us he did bleed and dye upon a Cross to make an atonement for us his sufferings being by his Deity elevated into a kind of Infinity were of value enough to pay for the sin of a world he hath satisfied Justice to the full and withal hath opened a door of mercy to us And what things are these how highly to be valued to slight them is to say we have no part in them all who by union with him share in them prize them above a world the very life of their souls is bound up in them here 's their refuge against the storm of wrath which hangs over them as sinners here 's the only plea to the Law which pronounces a Curse on them as transgressors here 's the only compensation for sin the only sat is faction to justice here 's their trust confidence prop center of rest no tears prayers services good works nothing can satisfie their hearts but that which satisfied Gods Luther said That Christ was as fresh to him now acâ—si hâc horâ fudisset sanguinem as if he had shed his blood this very hour Those that are in Christ find as much sweetness in his blood as if they had stood by the Cross and seen the shedding of it for them He is precious in his Words Neverman spake as he did what he declared was brought down out of the Fathers bosom his mysteries are heights and depths his commands all rectitude and equity his promises the effluxes of infinite grace and mercy every thing that dropt from his lips was divine not to taste such things as these is to be without sense those that are in Christ set an high rate upon them they sit at his feet to hear him they do not only hang his words about their heads but keep them in the midst of their hearts as being their life they hold them and will not let them go no not in suffering times in which their own lives may be called for to be laid down in pawn for them The high Mysteries which are above the sphere of their reason are meat for their faith the righteous commands which the carnal heart would turn off are the only Canon of their lives the precious Promises though chiefly they concern the things of another world are to them as so many Honey-combs of grace to sweeten every condition every truth of Christ is dear to them He is precious in the influences of grace he received gifts to give them out to men he had the Spirit above measure that he might communicate it to them He is an Head ever working in his members a fountain of grace ever running out towards them Those that are separate from him make nothing of this but all that are joined to him highly esteem of it He is to them as the wind to the sails to fill them with holy gales and as the Sun and rain to the flowers to make a spring of graces in them Whilest he is influencing on them all is well they live and their holy Principles are in motion Should he withdraw from them there would be nothing but dying and withering they would soon be as a branch without a root or a member without an head The influences of grace from him are as dear to them as the breath in their nostrils He that thus values Christ may be sure that he is in him none that are out of him do so Another mark of this Union is a tender respect to the bonds of it The Spouse in the Canticles held Christ and would not let him go St. Paul did follow after to apprehend that for which he was apprehended of Christ Phil. 3.12 Those that are in union with him are unwilling to leave him In him they have light life grace peace salvation heaven and where can they be better It is in their heart never to part with him but always to abide in him To this end they make it their care to maintain the bonds of union they carry a tender respect to faith and to the holy Spirit They have a tender respect to faith it is not enough to them to have faith but they use all means to strengthen it they are much in the Scriptures to refresh it there they go to the Lords-Supper to feed it there they cry out in ardent devotions for the encrease of it they put forth often acts of it to make it more vigorous and all this is because it is the choice unitive grace the golden pipe that lies at the fountain of grace the sacred bond that tyes them to the Head in Heaven Should this fail they would be broken off from Christ it would be all one with them as if there were no Christ no fountain or head of grace as if there were no influences or streams of grace from him What Julian the Apostate in a scoff said of the faith of Christians Naz. Orat. 1. in Jul. That it was their only wisdom that they find true in good earnest Faith is their great concern to strengthen it is their daily work They call upon their souls to adhere unto Christ for ever they cry
to live in the spirit pray in the spirit walk in the spirit do all in the spirit which descends upon them from the Head Hence St. Paul saith I live yet not I but Christ liveth in me Gal. 2.20 He lived an holy life but it was in dependance upon Christ he did the Will of God but he was acted by the Spirit of Christ in the doing of it there is a vast difference between a meer Moralist and a right Christian the Moralist cries up the Fountain of Virtue in his own reason and will the Christian cries up the Fountain of Grace in Christ there are the full treasures of Grace there are the rich anointings of the Spirit The Moralist expects all Epict. Ench. c. 17. Sen. Ep. 31. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from himself and in all doth sibi fidere trust to himself The Christian hangs upon Christ and adheres to him that he may have continual supplies of grace from him the Moralist is a self-subsister he stands upon his own bottom works out of his own stock and is All to himself the Christian subsists in Christ he is a branch in him in the root he flourishes off from it he withers he is a member of him in union with the head he acts and moves in holy Works in separation from him he can do nothing he waits and looks up to him that he by the influences of his Spirit may inlighten him when dark quicken him when dead draw him when back ward strengthen him when weak hold him when falling enlarge him when in straits and actuate him to do Gods Will in the midst of infirmities in all the good works that he doth he acts in dependance upon the influences of grace Here again we may try our selves whether we be in Christ or not how is it with us what is the posture of our inward man do we live in dependance upon Christ our Head do we sanctifie the Fountain of grace in our hearts do we look up to him to move and act us by his Spirit if so it is sure that we are members of him and live like such in dependance upon him I will no longer insist upon the marks of union but conclude all with two things The one is this Those that are not in union with Christ had need to consider their condition what poor forlorn creatures are they what a world of guilt is there lying at their door what omissions comissions ignorances presumptions impieties iniquities what smothered light abused love forfeited creatures buried talents broken promises have they to answer for and for these things what black clouds and storms of wrath hang over their heads what dooms and fearful curses doth the broken Law pronounce against them at death and judgment what will they do how will they appear before the Holy God or what can they say or plead why his wrath should not be poured out upon them may they be saved without a Saviour or by a neglected one will the great and merciful Jesus deliver those that would not join themselves to him may his glorious satisfaction cover those that are none of his members or his precious atonement discharge those that would never receive it will the Law spare those that refuse the Gospel or the dreadful curse pass over those who have none of the blood of the Covenant sprinkled upon them It cannot be not being in union with Christ their condition is as forlorn as if there were no Christ no sacrifice or atonement no Gospel or promises at all the wrath of God abides upon them there is but a moment a little span of life between them and the bottomless pit as soon as death blows out their Candle they are in utter darkness It may be a matter of just wonder how it is possible that they should have any rest or quiet of mind in such a dreadful condition the very thought of the wrath to come is enough to dampall the joy and comfort of their lives Again Would they put dive into their own hearts it would be a weary thing to them to see their immortal spirits lye as they do in ruins and spiritual desolations to have minds and no practical light in them wills and no holy rectitude there to have love and joy and none for Christ hatred and sorrow and none for sin It would be grievous in their eyes to see their precious souls lye in the turpitude and pollution of sin in a sink of pleasure or a cave of covetousness or some other lust which like an unclean place miserably defiles it whilst it abides therein In such a doleful state what help or relief is there but in Christ Is not he the great repairer of breaches Is it not he that sets up the Divine Image and all its furniture in the Soul is not he the only one that cleanses us from the stains and turpitudes of sin There i salvation in no other but in him alone Were but men awakened they would never rest in a Christless condition the scores of guilt in conscience the wrath of God hanging over their heads the forlorn and desperate state of their own souls the wretched pollutions and defilements which they lye under would make them cry out for Christ oh give us Christ or else we dye nothing can wash out our guilt but his atoning blood nothing can cover us from wrath but his glorious satisfaction nothing can purge out our stains and set our hearts in order but his spirit the fearful condition of being without Christ would prompt them to breathe and endeavour after union with him as the only necessary and desirable thing in the world The other is this Those that are in union with Christ should carry themselves in a just decorum to that blessed state How should they study and admire the transcendent excellencies of their head what a glorious and incomparable person is he Creatures are but vanity the whole world is but a poor nothing in comparison of him what a sight is God in the flesh in whom the distance between God and man is as it were filled up in a wonderful incarnation how infinite is that love which moved him to come down into an humane nature to stand in it under the rules of his own Law nay to bleed and die upon a Cross to make a full satisfaction for the sin of the world How should those that are in him stand and adore him What rapes and extasies of affection are due to him who is all over beauty and amenity With what joys and triumphs of faith should they look upon that precious blood which cheers the heart of God and man Here they may lye down in ease and rest no fears of death or hell shall disturb them And what are the rich anointings and over-measures of the Spirit which are upon him How vast an Ocean of grace is he and what wonders are to be seen there Those that are in him have reason to stand and admire at the continual illapses of the Spirit and supplies of grace which come from him Israel could sing at an earthly fountain Spring up O well Numb 21.17 How should Christians joy in the fountain of Grace and say Flow out O infinite Well let thy streams make us glad for ever What precious thoughts should they have of him What firm adherences of will to him What total dependences upon him What pure intimate affections towards him How should their love feed and feast upon the delicious suavities and plenitudes in him Earthly things should be but as so many beautiful shadows and gilded nothings their affections should be intirely set upon him as the most amiable object of all carnal self should be left and forsaken that they may be swallowed up in him How should they study and earnestly affect to resemble him his will should be theirs theirs should be broken to pieces that it may be made one with his his mind should be in them and theirs should have pure aims at his glory they should never think that they have enough of his Image but every day endeavour to have more lively stamps and impresses of it upon their souls nay they should not rest in a meer interne assimilation to him but strive after an externe imitation of him to talk and act and live as he did as there is one Spirit in him and them so there should be the same steps in both When they go about any thing they should ask their own hearts would he if on earth do so Do we herein imitate him who is the grand copy and Idea of Virtue To hunt after the world or drown in sensuality or boil in hatred and malice is not to act as mystical parts of the great Samplar And how should they seek communion with him in Duties Providences in Creature-comforts Christ alone should be the matter of their fruition all other things should be subservient to him nothing should be good to them but what tends to him And how should they endeavour to give all content to him the least dalliances with sin are a grief to him The Physician tells us that all grief in the body proceeds from the solution of the continuum it holds good in his members nothing is more grievous to him than to have them backslide be out of joint If they should fall off from his Mysteries to their own reason or from his precepts to their own will or from his righteousness to their own works it would be a thing no less displeasing to him than unbecoming to them And how should they labour to find all content in him He is a King for power an Husband for love a foundation for support a Priest for atonement an Head for influence Nay he is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all things Col. 3.11 It is safe to be under his protection sweet to be in his embraces sure to be upon his bottom comfortable to have peace by his blood excellent to have continual supplys and emanations of grace from him Nay to have him is to have all things all that are in him have reason to rest satisfied in him and to begin that Song of the Lamb which they shall be ever singing in Heaven to him FINNIS
positâ oportet habere Christum in nobis Zanch. de tribus El. Li. 4. c. 3. especially seeing he is so our life that he communicates his own Spirit to us the same holy Spirit which is upon him falls down upon us as mystical parts and members of him to quicken and actuate us in the holy ways of God And what an union is this actuation by one spirit is an union much more high and close than that which is only by continuity or a meer adhesion of parts a branch from which the juice retires rather hangs on than is properly united to the root a member however adhering if void and desolate of animal spirits is as if it were not knit unto the Head the most strict and proper union is from one Spirit Believers are so joined to Christ as to be one spirit if they had not his spirit they were none of his Rom. 8.9 They are led by the spirit of God v. 14. which is the very same with the Spirit of Christ as appears v. 9. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they are acted and moved by the Spirit of Christ Thus there is the same Spirit in Christ and believers and so the union between them must needs be very close and intimate in respect of this intimacy it is that Christ compares this union with that which is between him and the Father Joh. 17. And the Apostle calls Christ and the Church by one name As the body is one and hath many members and all the member of that one body being many are one body so also is Christ 1 Cor. 12.12 in which place the Church is called Christ the Scripture sometimes speaks of Christ and the Church the head and the body as if they were one person Hence St. Austin saith that believers are made cum homine Christo unus Christus De pecc Mer. l. 1. c. 31. One Christ with the man Christ Hence Aquinas saith That Christ and his members are una persona mystica one mystical person Not that we are Christed with Christ as some have said but that there is a very intimate union between Christ and believers 6thly The union between Christ and believers is a mystical one there is a great mystery in it Hence the Apostle saith This is a great mystery but I speak concerning Christ and the Church Ephes 5.32 It is not meerly a mystery but a great one In another place he saith The riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles which is Christ in you the hope of glory Col. 1.27 He speaks of Christ not meerly as offered in the Gospel but as dwelling in the heart this he calls not barely a mystery but the riches of the glory of the mystery it is such a mystery as hath riches and glory in it Now to make it appear that this union is a mystical one I shall offer some things There is that in this union which answers to all the resemblances the Holy Ghost in setting forth this union did not stay in one or two earthly patterns but useth many going on from one thing to another from Politicks to Oeconomicks from Oeconomicks to Artificials from Artificials to Naturals of divers kinds that so from each somewhat might be borrowed to illustrate it In the Political union we have Law and Power in the Conjugal one love in the Architectonical one support in that of the Vine and Head vital influence in that of food nourishment and intimate conjunction but in the mystical union we have all these It is said of Manna that it suited to every palate it is certain of Christ the true Manna that he is All to the Church That union therefore which fully answers to so many resemblances of different import must needs be a very mysterious one There is that in this union which highly exceeds all the resemblances In them there is but a shadow but in that is the substance in them one creature is united to another but in that believers are united to God-man The Mystical union is built upon the Hypostatical in each of them there is some import but none of them can reach the perfections of Christ Never was there such a King as he he is the most excellent one his subjects are all Saints and of the seed Royal his Throne and Laws are within he inspires as well as commands his people Never such an Husband as he he took an humane nature that he might espouse us nay he died on a Cross that his Spouse might come forth out of his bleeding side Those who are joined in spiritual marriage are made one spirit with him and have admirable communications from him No foundation is like him who is laid not by humane art but divine and bears up the weight of the whole Church not as dead matter doth but by his Spirit of life He is a Vine whose juice is the holy Spirit filling every branch an Head who makes those who were no members to become members and afterwards actuates them by the influences of his Spirit He is such food as turns the eater into himself and nourishes him unto life eternal Every way he hath the preeminence over the earthly patterns That union therefore which doth not only answer unto but far exceed all the resemblances of it must needs be a mysterious one This union is such that no distance of place or time can break or dissolve it No distance of place can do it In meerly Political or Moral unions distance of place hinders not but vital influence appertains not to them In the natural Vine or Head there is a vital influence but then there must be a local conjunction the Vine doth not communicate juice to a distant branch nor an Head to a distant member but though Christ be in Heaven and believers on earth yet he influences life and strength into them The reason is because he doth it by a spirit which is infinite a finite spirit cannot at once move and actuate distant subjects yet an infinite one which is every where can do it The same holy Spirit which is in Christ above is communicated to us here below to move and actuate us the vital influence is not at all hindred by local distance When our Lord discoursed of eating his flesh and drinking his blood Joh. 6. they murmured and said This is an hard saying who can bear it Our Saviour knowing this returns them this answer Doth this offend you What if ye shall see the Son of man ascend up where he was before It is the spirit that quickneth ver 61 62 63. There was no reason to be offended at his Doctrine He would ascend up to heaven and then his flesh would be as distant from men as heaven is from earth yet this hinders not eating of or union with him The Spirit would be in and with the eater to quicken and strengthen him No local distance can interrupt this union or influence I conclude this with the