no Physician shall be allowed to study more than one Disease or at least practice the Cure but of one lest they make by their half-knowledge and understanding a Confusion in the Body for want of Experience Item That all Sutes shall be heard pleaded and decided in the space of half a Year Item It shall be Death for any to sell Land that is any waies engaged or entangled lest it should ruin the Buyer thereof Item That all Landlords and Freeholders shall be bound to plant Timber for Ships Hemp for Sails and Tow for Cordage if the Land be an Isle Item There shall be a set Stipend for Wages Fees Rewards Sales or Purchases also of all Merchandizes that Cosenages Briberies Extortions and the like may be eschewed Item That none shall execute the Function of two several Trades nor be imployed in more than in one Office lest they should perform none well Item That no Alchymy-Lace nor Stuffs nor Counterfeit Pearls Diamonds and the like shall be worn nor sold unless the Counterfeit be sold at as high a price as the Right or the Right to be sold at as low a rate as the Counterfeit and as different Sexes are distinguished by their Habits so different Habits should distinguish different Qualities Professions and Degrees Item That all degrees of Titles shall be distinguished by their Habits and Ceremonies as well as by their Arms Titles Patents and Creations Item No Men shall wear Swords in time of Peace but Gentlemen and in the Wars there shall be some differences of Arms to make distinction Item That no Officer neither in Martial Command nor Civil Government shall be chosen or imployed but such as have Abilities to execute their Authorities and able to discharge their Duties Item Rewards shall be as frequent as Punishments lest Industry should grow careless and the Flame of Heroick Spirits be quenched out Item None shall make Great Feasts and Sumptuous Entertainments but for Forein Persons of Quality or Strangers that travel to see the Kingdome where they may see the Plenty Riches and Magnificence thereof that they may not despise it when they return to their own Native Country but give cause to renown it in their Relations Item All Detracting or Slandering Tongues shall be clipt and the more the Detraction or Slander is the greater slices shall be cut therefrom Item That the People shall have set times of Recreation to ease them from their Labours and to refresh their Spirits Item That all Noble Youths shall be bred by Experienced Age to perswade admonish and correct by Grave Authority instructed by Virtuous Examples taught Honourable Principles and the practice of Heroick Actions their onely Play-fellows shall be the Muses the Grave and Sober Companions the Sciences the Domestick Servants and Acquaintance the profitable and usefull Arts for the Life of Man As for the generality of Youth they shall be bred to Silent Attentions Sober Demeanors Humble Obediences Handsome Customes and Gracefull Arts As for the meaner sort of Youth to Trades of Arts and Arts of Trades for the use and benefit of the Commonwealth Item No Children shall speak before their Parents no Servants before their Masters no Scholars before their Tutors no Subject before the Prince but either to answer to their Questions to deliver a Message or to know their will and pleasure to declare their Grievances to ask pardon for Faults committed or to present an humble request in the most humblest manner unless they command them to discourse freely to them yet not without a respect to their Presence and Authority Item For the Generality none shall speak but to ask rational dutifull and humble Questions to request just Demands to discourse of probable Arguments to defend Right and Truth to divulge Virtue to praise the Meritorious to pray to Heaven to ask Mercy to move Pity to pacisie Grief to asswage Anger to make an Atonement and to instruct the Ignorant Item All shall be accounted Wise that endure patiently that live peaceably that spend prudently that speak sparingly that judge charitably that wish honestly and that obey Authority Item All Men that may live quietly at home and travel to no purpose or that neglect their own Affairs to follow the Affairs of other Men or decide those Mens Quarrels they shall have no thanks for or live upon hopes of great Fortunes of high Favours when they may feed upon present Comfort and enjoy humble Delights in that Estate and Condition they possess shall wear a Fools Cap and a Motly Coat Item That none shall live at a greater Expence than their Estate will allow and maintain Item That all Spendthrifts shall be condemned for Fools all Gamesters for idle Miscreants all Drunkards for Mad-men a Bedlam provided for the Drunkards a Bridewell for Gamesters and an Hospital with Long Coats for Spend-thrifts Item All Men that beget Children shall strive to provide for them by their Thrifty Managements or Industrious Labours Item No Man shall Father a Whores Child or Children unless he were sure he were the Father which few can tell otherwise it makes a Wise Man seem a Fool as being facile Item It shall be accounted not only a double Crime but a Baseness equal to Cowardise and a disgrace equal to a Cuckold for a Gentleman to court or make love to a Common Whore who is an Alms Tub of Corruption but if a Gentleman must or will have a Whore let him have one of his own making and not feed upon Reversions Item That no Husband shall keep a Houshold Friend lest he should make love to his Wife and he become a Cuckold thereby Item No married man or Master of a Family shall kiss or make love to his Maid nor Serving-men to their Mistrisses lest they should grow idly Amorous impertinently Bold rudely Saucy neglecting their Duty to their Mistris or Master through scornfull Pride Item In all publike Company all Husbands shall use their Wives with Respect unless they dishonor themselves with the neglect thereof Item No Husband nor Wife although but a day married shall kiss each other in publick lest it turn the Spectators from a lawfull and wholsome Appetite of Marriage to a gluttonous Adultery or weakning the Appetite so much as to cause a Loathing or an aversion to the Wedlock Bed Item No Wife shall entertain an Admiring Servant lest her Husbands and her own Reputation be lost or buried in his admiring Courtships nor their Hearts to receive and return Love to none but their Husbands no not Platonick love for the Conversation of Souls is a great temptation to Amorous Friendship indeed the Soul of a Platonick Lover is a Baud to the Body Item That Dancing be commendable as a gracefull Art in Maids or Batchelors but shall be accounted an Effeminacy for married Men a May-Game for Old men and Wanton Lightnes for Married Women Item That no woman of quality should receive Visits or give Visits but in publick Meetings nor have any
that are humbly commended 105. Many Commendations seeme little better than Scorns when to be railed at shews a Supreme Power of their Evill 106. Speakers are like Doggs that bark when they dare not bite 107. It is an unthankfull Office to decide other mens Quarrells for most commonly he is hated on both sides as a Friend to neither because he seems a Friend to both 108. Thus a Judge most commonly is never beloved neither of those he judges the Cause for nor those he judgeth the Cause from the one because he thinks he had wrong the other because he thinks he had nothing but what is his own 109. So none gain by Quarrells but Lawyers whose Fees are begot by Discord 110. It is a great happiness when one can take his Pleasure and execute his Duty at once 111. Some are so Ambitious and Envious as when they cannot hope to be the Highest they would be content to be Miserable to see all others so 112. The true use of Riches to Noble Minds is to make others happy aswell as themselves but not so as to make themselves miserable by imploying and bestowing all upon others so as to leave none for themselves for that were Vain-Glory 113. It is not every Ambitious and Aspiring Spirit that can do brave and great Actions 114. Those Minds that are pure are not to be sullied or moved towards ill either by wanton Words or immodest Actions they can no more corrupt their Thoughts than they do Angels for those that are Chast take more delight and pleasure in their pure and unspotted Thoughts than the Amorous Lovers in their conceived injoyments for Nature is not ashamed of her own Works but of the abuse of her Works for as the Wise and Veruous are the chiefest and perfectest of her Works so the debauched and foolishest are the greatest defect 115. Dreams are the overflowing of the Brain and Sleep stops the Senses as Sluces are stopped with Mud. 116. A discoursative Wit is to play with Words rather than to talk with Sense on the ground of Reason but to talk on Reason is to abate Words and multiply Sense I say those shall generally please most that give ear to what is said than talk most themselves 117. Our natural English Tongue was significant enough without the help of other Languages but as we have merchandized for Wares so have we done for Words but indeed we have rather brought in than carried out 118. There are Gifts of Affectionate Love Gifts of Generosity Gifts of Charity Gifts of Vain-Glory Gifts of Fear Alluring Gifts and Bribes that are Gifts of Covetousness 119. The Mind is like a God an Incorporeal thing and so Infinite that it is impossible to measure the Mind of Eternity 120. Desires are like the motion of Time still running forward and what is past is as if it had never been 121. The Vapour that ascends to the Head is a great Instrument to the Wit as gross Vapours clog it up cold Vapours congeale it hot Vapours inflame it thin and sharp Vapours quicken it so several sorts of Vapours make variety of Wits and the several Figures Works and Forms that the vaporous Smoak doth raise cause several Fancies by giving several Motions to the Brain 122. As Perfumes make the Head ake so many times Prosperity makes the Heart ake 123. Ceremony is the ground of all Obedience for where there is no Ceremony the Gods are neglected and Kings depose themselves by the neglect thereof 124. Complements are the worst sort of Conversation besides they are not sociable Truth holds no Intelligence or correspondency with Complements Of several Opinions Essay 125. SEveral Opinions except it be in Religion do no harm if no good for Opinions are the greatest entertainers of Time and a chief Companion in mans life for Opinions are Chatting Gossips to pass away the idle time for although Man complains of the shortenss of Life and swiftness of Time yet he hath most commonly more than he can well tell how to spend his Life with for most men seek waies to pass Time withall and if the World were equally amongst Mankind and Industry divided yet he would find little Variety of Imployment so that Mans Life is busied more with Thoughts than Actions The strength of erroneous Opinions Essay 126. HOW strong did men believe against the Antipodes as one man believing such a thing to be was put out of his Liveing when in after Ages it was found a Truth How strongly did many Ages believe that the Torrid Zone or Ecliptick Line was not Habitable which now is found the most temperate Climate How strongly did Europe believe that all the World was discovered and yet afterwards so much found out as it seemed another World and many believi'd that the Earth was flat and not round but Cavendish Drake and others rectified that Error and many other Examples might be given So that Opinions are alwaies in War with Factious Sidings and men become their Champions either with the Pen or Sword but the ignorant men are the stronger in their belief in Opinions for searching gives Doubts aswell as discovereth the Truth and it is Doubts that disturb the Peace either of the Mind or otherwaies when Truth commonly closeth all differrences so men travell in their Thoughts to spy out the Secrets of Nature and find out Reason to perswade them to new Opinions which may be as far from the Truth as the old ones which they sling off for Nature is too various to be known and her Curiosities too subtil to be understood but men are so strangely delighted with what is new that those men that have found a new Opinion are absolute to judge and rule over all others such Reputation Singularity begets The strength of Opinions Essay 127. SO strongly do men wedge or rivet Opinions with the Hammer of a confident belief that it is in many impossible to remove them fro thm though they are most ridiculous foolish but especially when they are begot of their own Brains and all those that do not adhere to them shall be accompted as their Enemies So much doth Opinion sway and rule in the mind of Man more than Truth doth for though some Opinions jump upon Truth yet it is a thousand to one when they meet And when the Truth is found it is no longer an Opinion but Knowledge yet it is less esteemed when it is found which makes that Saying true That Ignorance is the Mother of Admiration which Admiration begets an Esteem and sets a Value upon they know not what Wherefore he is a very wise man that can rule his Opinions with Reason and not let his Opinion overbear his Reason and to lead him from himself Yet Opinions should not be sleighted nor contemned without Examination or Triall though they be never so strange and unlikely untill the Errour be found out but not to rely upon them or to be so bound that they will make no question against
or Subjects that is to flatter or threaten us to allure or force us to obey and will not let us divide the World equally with them as to Govern and Command to direct and Dispose as they do which Slavery hath so dejected our spirits as we are become so stupid that Beasts are but a Degree below us and Men use us but a Degree above Beasts whereas in Nature we have as clear an understanding as Men if we were bredin Schools to mature our Brains and to manure our Understandings that we might bring forth the Fruits of Knowledge But to speak truth Men have great Reason not to let us in to their Governments for there is great difference betwixt the Masculine Brain and the Feminine the Masculine Strength and the Feminine For could we choose out of the World two of the ablest Brain and strongest Body of each Sex there would be great difference in the Understanding and Strength for Nature hath made Mans Body more able to endure Labour and Mans Brain more clear to understand and contrive than Womans and as great a difference there is between them as there is between the longest and strongest Willow compared to the strongest an largest Oak though they are both Trees yet the Willow is but a yielding Vegetable not fit nor proper to build Houses and Ships as the Oak whose strength can grapple with the greatest Winds and plough the Furrows in the Deep it is true the Willows may make fine Arbours and Bowers winding and twisting its wreathy stalks about to make a Shadow to eclips the Light or as a light Shield to keep off the sharp Arrows of the Sun which cannot wound deep because they fly far before they touch the Earth or Men and Women may be compared to the Black-Birds where the Hen can never sing with so strong and loud a Voice nor so clear and perfect Notes as the Cock her Breast is not made with that strength to strain so high even so Women can never have so strong Judgment nor clear Understanding nor so perfect Rhetorick to speak Orations with that Eloquence as to Perswade so Forcibly to Command so Powerfully to Entice so Subtilly and to Insinuate so Gently and Softly into the Souls of men Or they may be compared to the Sun and Moon according to the discription in the Holy Writ which saith God made two great Lights the one to Rule the Day the other the Night So Man is made to Govern Common Wealths and Women their privat Families And we find by experience that the Sun is more Dry Hot Active and Powerfull every way than the Moon besides the Sun is of a more strong and ruddier Complexion than the Moon for we find she is Pale and Wan Cold Moist and Slow in all her operations and if it be as philosophers hold that the Moon hath no Light but what it borrows from the Sun so Women have no strength nor light of Understanding but what is given them from Men this is the Reason why we are not Mathematicians Arithmeticians Logicians Geometricians Cosmographers and the like This is the Reason we are not Witty Poets Eloquent Orators Subtill Schoolmen Substracting Chimists Rare Musicians Curious Limners This is the reason we are not Navigators Architectures Exact Surveyers Inventive Artizans This is the reason why we are not Skilfull Souldiers Politick Statists Dispatchfull Secretaries or Conquering Caeasars but our Governments would be weak had we not Masculine spirits and Counsellors to advise us and for our Strength we should make but feeble Mariners to tugg and pull up great Ropes and weighty Sayls in blustring Storms if there were no other Pilots that the Effeminate Sex neither would there be such Commerce of Nations as there is nor would there be so much Gold and Silver and other Mineralls fetcht out of the Bowells of the Earth if there were none but Effeminate hands to use the Pick-axe and Spade nor so many Cities built if there were none but Women Labourers to cut out great Quarrs of Stone to hew down great timber Trees and to draw up such Materials and Engins thereunto belonging neither would there be such Barrs of Iron if none but Women were to Melt and Hammer them out whose weak spirits would suffocate and so faint with the heat and their small Arms would sooner break than lift up such a weight and beat out a Life in striving to beat out a Wedge neither would there be such Steeples and Pyramids as there have been in this World if there were no other than our tender Feet to climb nor could our Brains endure the height we should soon grow Dissy and fall down drunk with too much thin Air neither have Women such hard Chests and strong Lungs to keep in so much Breath to dive to the bottome of the Sea to fetch up the Treasures that lie in the watery Womb neither can Women bring the furious and wild Horse to the Bit quenching his fiery Courage and bridling his strong swift Speed This is the reason we are not so active in Exercise nor able to endure Hard Labour nor far Travells nor to bear Weighty Burthens to run long Jornies and many the like Actions which we by Nature are not made fit for It is true Education and Custom may adde somthing to harden us yet never make us so strong as the strongest of Men whose Sinnews are tuffer and Bones stronger and Joints closer and Flesh firmer than ours are as all Ages have shewn and Times have produced What Woman was ever so strong as Sampson or so swift as Hazael neither have Women such tempered Brains as men such high Imaginations such subtill Conceptions such fine Inventions such solid Reasons and such sound Judgement such prudent Forecast such constant Resolutions such quick sharp and ready flowing Wits what Women ever made such Laws as Moses Lycurgus or Solon did what Woman was ever so wise as Salomon or Aristotle so politick as Achitophel so Eloquent as Tully so demonstrative as Euclid so inventive as Seth or Archimedes It was not a Woman that found out the Card and Needle and the use of the Loadstone it was not a Woman that invented Perspective-Glasses to peirce into the Moon it was not a Woman that found out the invention of writing Letters and the Art of Printing it was not a Woman that found out the invention of Gunpowder and the art of Gunns What Women were such Soldiers as Hannibal Caesar Tamberlain Alexander and Scanderbeg what woman was such a Chymist as Paracelsus such a Physician as Hipocrates or Galen suth a Poet as Homer such a Painter as Apelles such a carver as Pigmalion such an Architect as Vitruviuss such a Musician as Orpheus What Women ever found out the Antipodes in imagination before they were found out by Navigation as a Bishop did or what ever did we do but like Apes by Imitation wherefore Women can have no excuse or complaints of being subjects as a hinderance from
enough for Translatours to be learned in the several Languages but there must be sympathy between the genius of the Authors and the Translatours which every age doth not produce for most commonly a genius is not matched in many ages Ovids genius was matched by Sans and Dubartus was matched by Silvester but Homer is not yet matched in our Language for though the worke was indeavoured to be translated yet it is not like him and though the copy of a Picture is not so well as the original yet good copies draw so neer the life that none but a curious and skilful eye shall perceive the difference so a good Translatour shall write so like the Authour that none but the most learned and that with study and great observance shall finde the defects Of Translating SOme may be of opinion that it is a fault to turn the Scripture into verse unlesse the original be so or to change the stile as to the matter or sense into other mens fancies but to follow the fancy of the Original as neer as the Language permits they translate it in for it is as if a man should have a high roman nose and one should take the picture of him and draw him with a flat nose as liking that fashioned nose better it may go under the name of that man but it will be nothing like him or why should one nation be drawn in the habit of another since they are different and though the distinctions of several nations in pictures can onely be known by their habits and many times they do not onely change the graver and formal fashions from one nation to another but dresse them in their fantastical dresse but if they do it to please the Luxurious palats of men they rather become insinuators then translatours and they deserve no food that will not eat good and wholsome food unlesse they be humoured with variety of new and strange sauces but they will say the stomack cannot bear plain meat and that they will faint if they have not choice but it is their compounds that make their stomakes quezie and the solid meat that will increase their strength where now they pick quarrels unlesse the truth be disguised with the flourishes of the translatours as those that strive to translate Davids Psalms take Davids name to his poetry so keep his name and lose the poetry of the Original by the translatours vain glory for every one striving to out-do another untill they have lost the right and truth For to expresse any thing in huge words doth not make it the better but onely harder to be understoodfor men of reason consider the soul and sense and not the form and fashion which is but the habit and an honest devotion will assoone beleeve the History of the world and of Adam and Eve with the progresse of their race in a plain relation of the truth then with the measure of numbers for though numbers move passion yet they do not so easily ground a belief neither is it in the power of numbers but the spirit of God that can move that unfained passion that must carry us to heaven Of Languages GReek and Latine and all other Languages are of great ornament to Gentlemen but they must spend so much time in learning them as they can have no time to speak them and some will say it is a great advancement to wisdom in knowing the natures humours laws and customs of several men and nations which they cannot do except they understand their several Languages to answerthat although al Languages are expressed by four and twenty letters yet there is no Language which will not take up an age to learn it perfectly as to know every circumstance and since mans life is so short and learning so tedious there wil accrue but little profit for that laborious pains so that the benefit that should be made will come too late but surely these men are wise enough which understand the natures laws and customs of their own country and can apply them to their right use Of Eloquence art and speculation MAny do seem to admire those writings whose stiles are eloquent and through ignorance takes it for eloquence commending the method instead of the matter the words instead of the sense the paint instead of the face the garb instead of the person but hard and unusual phrases are like a constraint behaviour it hath a set countenance treads nicely taking short steps and carries the body so stiffe and upright as it seemes difficult and uneasy like those that think it a part of good breeding to eat their meat by rule and measure opening the mouth at a just and certain widenesse grinding the meat betwixt their teeth like a Clock with so many strokes as make an hour so many bits makes a swallow so likewise if the little finger be not bowed short and by degrees all their fingers to be joynted untill the fore-finger and the thumb meets in a round circle they think al other vulgarly bred But nature is easy and art hard and what resembles nature nearest is most to the life and what is most to the life is best but art belongs more to the Mechanicks and Pesants then to the noble and free and all arts belong more to actions then speculations and though speculations be nothing until it be put into practise yet the best actions come from the clearest speculations for speculations are like the king to command and rule practise the slave to obey and work but there are more arts and inventions gotten by chance and practise then meerly by ingenuity of brain Of Oratours I Have heard say that Oratours are seldom wise men for they study so much of the words as they consider not the matter for though method in words may please the sense of the ear yet not the understanding for they that will speak wisely must speak the next way to the matter or businesse but if it be in such a case as the ear is more to be desired then the understanding they must speak composedly for Rethorick is chusing words fitted such a subject and though study and society sweetens Language yet if it have not a natural elegance it shall not work so strongly upon the senses What discourses are enemies to Society OF all discourses the worst enemy to society is the divulging the infirmities of others wherein some are so evil natured in striving to defame others as they will not onely use all their rethorick to make their faults appear more odious or their vertues lesse but will strive to make their vertues seem vices when to discover infirmities is ignoble but to lessen vertues is the part of an envious man which is the nature of a devil and since union is the bond of society the discourse should alwayes tend to peace and not to discord for there is no man but hath vertues to praise as well as vices to dispraise and it is as easie to
short hospitality and a long feast Of Feasting THere is no action more extravagant then the making of great feasts for there is neither honour profit nor pleasure but noises trouble and expence and not onely an expence to the private purse but to the publike in the unnecessary destruction of so many Creatures neither doth it relieve the hungry so much as it over-gorges the full for indeed a great feast rather eates up the eaters then the eaters eat up the feast by the surfets it gives them but those that make great feasts and strive to please the luxurious palats of men are bawds to gluttony and the feast is the whore to tempt the appetite and wine is the fool to make all merry which never wants at those entertainments but playes so much and ruines so fast and growes so strong as it puts young sobriety and grave temperance out of countenance it unties the strings of strength and throws reason out of the wisest head so that reason neither begins it nor ends it for it begins with excesse of supersluity and ends in extravagant disorders Of drinking and eating WIne though it begins like a friend goeth on like a fool most commonly ends like a Devil in fury yet it is a greater fault to eat too much then too drink to much wine in that a man may live without wine but not without meat for wine is rather a superfluity or curiosity then a necessity wherefore food which signifieth all kinde of meat is the life and staffe to support life which staff being broken by excesse famine and plagues pursue which are able to destroy a kingdom where wine may onely destroy some part but not endanger the whole unlesse it be every mans particular kingdom which is themselves and there indeed it drowns both king and state Of Moderation THe way to a mans happiest condition of life in this world and for the way to the next is by the straight way of moderation for the extreams are to be shunnd and all that can be shunned even in devotion for the holy writ saith Turn not to the right hand nor to the left lest you go the wrong way for extreams in devotion run to superstition and idolatry and the neglect in both Atheisme but to keep the even way is to obey God as he hath commanded and not as we fancy by our wrong interpretation so for the minde of man great and hard studies and perturbations draw or wear out the spirits or oppresse them in so much that great students are not commonly long livd but sickly lean and pale and those that have extraordinary and quick fancies of their own do many times by the quick motion of their brain inflame the spirits to that degree as they run mad or so neer as to be strangely extravagant and on the other side those that study not nor have fancies of their own are dul-blocks that have no raptures of the minde but onely sensual pleasures and so when they can they run into with that violence as it turns to their pain not their delight and all is but emptying and filling as beasts do and not having the knowledge as men should have for moderation as for immoderation of diets how often do men suddenly die by the excesse thereof and how many diseases doth it bring to them that escapes surfets as fevers gowts stone dropsy and the like nay what diseases doth it not bring by the dross it breeds for superfluity of moisture oppresseth and slackens the nerves and dulls and quenches thespirits which makes them unfit for action or businesse in the affaires of the world it stuffs them with sloth or corpulency or fat it banisheth industry and many times courage on the other-side too spare and low diet chaps and dryes the body like the earth that wants rain or manuring shrinks and gathers up the rain it heats the body into Hectick fevers and sucks out the oyl of life for exercise the violence of it melts the grease inflames the blood pumps out too much moisture by sweats it over-stretches the nerves which weakens the body which brings shaking palsies in the head leggs and many times over the whole body on the other side too little exercise corrupts the blood and breeds obstructions which breeds Agues and spleen faintings and the like For the passions as for example a man that is extraordinary angry makes him run into fury for the present as many times to commit so rash an action as to make him unhappy all his life after by killing a friend or at least losing a friend or getting an enemy by an unseasonable word and those that have no anger must of necessity receive great affronts at some time or other for patience is to be content when there is no remedy but in many things or actions anger is required when fury would be too much or patience or silence too little and so the like in all other passions and as for great wealth it is both a trouble in the keeping or bestowing of it in the keeping of it the care is into whose hands to trust it or to what places to lay it in so that the watching and counting it and how and to whom to leave it too takes off the pleasure in it and for spending it the very noise and tumult that great riches bring in the exspence is a suficient trouble for a man can never be at home to himself he knows not who is his friend or who is his enemy he hears no truth for flattery he hath no true taste of any senses for the throngs of the varietie take away the pleasure of every particular as for poverty it is the drudge to the world the scorn of the world a trouble to their friends and a death to themselves as for power what for the care in the keeping it for fear of a usurper and though there is no enemy to oppose it yet what trouble there is in the ordering and disposing with their authority and those that have no power are slaves wherein moderation keepes peace in being content with our own share and not desiring to share with our neghbour in what is his and moderation gives wealth for he is richest that hath so much onely to enjoy himself moderation civilizeth nations it upholds government and keeps commerce yet makes private families subject it nourisheth the body recreates the minde and makes joy in life and is the petty god to the present pleasures of man Of Prodigality and Generositie THere is none complains so much of ingratitude as progals for when their purses are empty they grudge their hospitalitie and repine at their gifts when they gave more out of pride and magnificence then out of love or frendship but man is so incircled with self love as he thinks all those that have partaken of his prodigalitie are bound to maintain his riot or at least to supply his necessitie out of their treasury but of the difference of
abroad whereof they have better at home and the unsatiable Desire of Mankind makes them search for what is never to be found But where Nature gives a Satisfactory Mind she gives a Happy Life and what can we imagin the Joys of Heaven but a stint to our wandring Desires therefore those that are most fixt are nearer Heaven and he is the Wisest that is nearest to Unity and those that are most united are likest to a God But where Discord happens Hell is resemb'ed and harsh haughty and not insulting Natures are composed like Devils and Caesar shewed himself a Fool in nothing but in quitting his Guard and not hearkning to his Wife which was to shew his Courage and to let the World see he durst go unarmed singly alone as it were and his freedom from the chains of fond Affection thus quitting Prudence and Love he dyed too violent a Death And Seianus quitting the Affection towards his Wife and placing it upon Julian raised such a Jealousie in Tyberius as it cost him his Life otherwise he might have ruled the Empire and so the most part of the World Thus Anthony's leaving his Wife for the love of Cleopatra lost him the third part of the World Neither are the Counsels of a Wife alwaies to be despised if all were honest nor to be lockt from the private Affairs of her Husband Portia was able to keep a Secret and was of Brutus her Husbands Confedenacy though not Actually yet Concealing And if Caesar had condescended to his Wives Perswasion he had not gone to the Senate that day and who knows but the next might have discovered the Conspiracy and numberless of the like Examples might be given Besides it is to be observed where the Husband and Wife disagree their Family is in disorder their Estates go to decay Jealousies arise which cause Discords from whence proceeds a discontented and unhappy Life And where the Husband and Wife are united in Minds as well as in Body all prospers and most commonly Ease and Plenty crown that Family Industry is their Recreation Peace is their Joy Love is their Happiness for a kind Husband makes an obedient Wife dutifull Children faithfull Servants for a Wise Man rules his Family with gentle kind and seasonable Perswasions with honest and sincere Actions with gratefull and just Rewards and Kindness and Constant Natures work hard and obeisant Natures to be more pliant and facile for Kindness melts hardest Hearts and makes them flexible to form them as they please where Cruelty or Severity hardens them so much as they will rather break than bend And if the Rational part of the World would but consider what Felicity there is in peacefull Prosperity they would never wander so much out of the way Of Men and Women SOme say a Man is a Nobler Creature than a Woman because our Saviour took upon him the Body of Man and another that Man was made first But these two Reasons are weak for the Holy Spirit took upon him the shape of a Dove which Creature is of less esteem than Mankind and for the Preheminency in Creation the Devil was made before Man Nature in the Composure of Men and Women IT is not so great a Fault in Nature for a Woman to be Masculine as for a Man to be Effeminat for it is a Defect in Nature to decline as to see Men like Women but to see a Masculine Woman is but onely as if Nature had mistook and had placed a Mans Spirit in a Womans Body but Nature hath both her Mistakes and Weaknesses but when she works perfectly she gives Man a gentle and sweet Disposition a generous Mind a valiant Heart a wife Head a voluble Tongue a healthfull Body and strong and active Limbs To Woman she gives a chast Mind a sober Disposition a silent Tongue a fair and modest Face a neat Shape and a gracefull Motion The Nature of Man MAN is more apt to take Dislikes at all things than to delight in any thing but Nature hath given us no Pleasure but what ends in Pain for the end of Pleasure is Grief for Cruel Nature curbs us in with Fear and yet spurs us on with Desires for she hath made Mans mind to hunt more after Varieties by Desire than she hath made Varieties to satisfie the Desires Of Painting THere be some that condemn the Art of Painting in Women others that defend it for say they as Nature hath made one World so Art another and that Art is become the Mistris of Nature neither is it against Nature to help the Defects Besides those that find out new Arts are esteemed so that they become as Petty Gods whether they become Advantageous to Man or no as the Memory of those that found out the Art of Gunpowder Guns Swords and all Engins of War for Mischief and shall they be more praised and commended than those that find out Arts and Adornments as Painting Curling and other Dressings for the one destroyes Mankind this increaseth it the one brings Love the other begets Hate But some will say those Arts defend their Lives but where they once use them to defend their Lives they use them ten times to destroy Life and though it is no Fault in the Inventer but in the User no more is Painting when it is used for a good intent as to keep or increase lawfull Affection But say they it is a dissembling to make that appear otherwise than it is ' Tisanswer'd No more than to keep warm in Winter for Cold is Natural so is the sense of it in Winter but Clothes to keep it out are Artificial and the true use of the Art of Painting is to keep warm a Lawfull Affection Besides If we must use no more than what Nature hath given us we must go naked and those that have a bald Head must not wear a Peruick or Cap to cover it and those that are born with one Leg shorter than the other must not wear a high Shoe to make them even nor indeed wear any Shoes at all especially with Heels because they make them seem higher but go with the Feet bare and those that are Crooked must wear no Bombast and many such Examples may be brought But say some it is a Bawd to entice in begetting evil Desires It is answered No more a Bawd than Nature is in making a handsome Creature but if they must do nothing for fear of Enticing then Mankind must neither cut their Hair nor pare their Nails nor shave their Beards nor wash their selves which would be very slovenly for fear they should appear so handsome as they may perswade and entice the Lookers on to evil Desires which if so let them be like Swine and wallow in Mire but it is to be feared that the Mire will be too hard for the evil Desires so as there may be more brought in defence of Painting than can be said against it Wherefore say they it is lawfull both in Maids and
feed on Melancholy Of Translation Essay 138. WE are given much in this latter Age to Translation and though Translation is a good Work because it doth not only divulge good Authors but distributes Knowledge to the unlearned in Languages yet Translators are but like those that shew the Tombs at Westminster or the Lyons at the Tower which is but to be an Informer not the Owner of them Essay 139. ALthough Accidents give the Ground to some Arts yet they are rude and uneasy untill the Brain hath polished them over True it is the Senses most commonly give the Brain the matter to work on yet the Brain forms and figures those Materials and disperses them abroad to the use of the World by the Senses again for as they came in at the Ear and the Eye or the Taste Sent and Touch so they are delivered out by the Tongue and Hands Essay 140. IT is worthy the Observation to regard the odd Humours of Mankind how they talk of Reason and follow the way thereof so seldome for men may as easily set Rules to Eternity as to themselves for the Mind is so intricate and subtil that we may as soon measure Eternity as It. Of Dilation and Retention Essay 141. A Dilation causeth as much weakness as Contraction Dilation causeth weakness by the Disuniting the United Forces and setting them at too great a Distance and Contraction binds them up too hard not giving as we vulgarly say Elbow room The Worlds Olio LIB II. PART III. Of the Britains THE Britains of England were a Valiant People but that they had not skill of Arms answerable to their Courage as the Romans had yet Caesar and all the Emperours could not conquer that Island in so short a time as Alexander had conquered most part of the World therefore it seems their Courage was great since their Skill was less and could make it to the Romans so difficult a Work For Britain was like a Body dis joynted or rather separated Limb from Limb for it was not joyned in one Body but divided amongst many Petty Kings which made it weak for being not united the Body hath little power without the Legs do uphold and the Eyes do direct and the Arms do defend it is an easy thing to throw down a Criple but it was a sign the Spirit was strong in this Criple that could resist so long against a Giant as the Romans were Therefore Britain was worthy of Praise since their Courages defended them so long Of King James KIng James was so great a Lover of Peace that rather than he would lose the Delights of Peace he would lye under the Infamy of being thought Timorous for in that it was thought he had more Craft than Fear Of Queen Elizabeth QUeen Elizabeth reigned long and happy and though she cloathed her self in a Sheeps skin yet she had a Lions paw and a Foxes head she strokes the Cheeks of her Subjects with Flattery whilst she picks their Purses and though she seemed loth yet she never failed to crush to death those that disturbed her waies Her Favourites for Sport she would be various to sometimes in Favour and sometimes out of Favour as Essex Leicester Ralegh Hatton and the like But she stuck close to her old Counsellors and Favourites Burleigh Walsingham and the rest Neither did the first Favourites get so much as the last Ralegh got not so much as Burleigh did some may say because they spent more they laid up less but vain Favourites get more Enemies to themselves and Hatred to their Princes than Profit to themselves for the sight of their Vanities makes the People remember their Taxes and think that their Prince hath posed from their Purses to maintain their Vanities and their Prince thinks they have given them more because they shew what they have and many times more than they have But the Wisest save and lay it up till the Envy is past and the Tax forgot But Queen Elizabeth maintained more forein Wars at one time than any of her Predecessors before her and yet without the Grievance of the People for it was not so much out of their Purses as the Prizes she got by Sea for though the King of Spain had the Honour of being Master of the Indies yet the Queen of England had the Honour of being Mistris of the Sea so her Ships were her Mines to maintain her War against him Of King Henry the Eighth KIng Henry the Eighth was a Politick Prince for as Favourites make use of their Prince so he made use of his Favourites for when they could do him no more service he turned them over to the Hangman to satisfie his People and those that he favoured had the blame with the punishment and he received the profit He was not like Edward the Second for his Favourites cost him his Crown and Life I observe that soft natures are apt to be crusht and very hard natures are apt to be broken in governing therefore severe but not cruel mercifull or kind but not credulous reign happiest But Henry the Eighth spent great Sums of Money as that which his Father left him and that which he had out of France then the vast Sums he raised out of Monasteries yet no great advantage redounded to his Kingdome But his Expence was much to keep Peace abroad by making Friends in those Kingdomes that were fallen out But most commonly those that strive to make Peace amongst others bring War to themselves although I cannot say he had much War Of pulling down of the Monasteries in Henry the Eighths time SOme wonder that Henry the Eighth did pull down and destroy so many Monasteries as were in England which had stood so long without Opposition but it was likely that the Opposition could not be great for first the People were perswaded in some part by the Doctrine of Luther to dislike the Tyrannie of the Pope for first it eased their Purses and their Persons the one from Peter-pence and the like and the other from hard Penance the next the Gentry and the Nobles thought of the gaining of the Houses and Lands and Liberty the King for the bulk of their Wealth so the King Nobility and Commons and all had ends in it and where the King follows the Commons an Innovation is easy or I may say an Innovation is easy where the King follows the People Of Justice in Commonwealths IT is to be observed that there is little Piety or Justice in Cities or Countryes or Nations that are overgrown with Prosperity or oppressed with Adversity for Prosperity makes them so proud as they are as it were above Justice and Adversity doth so deject them as they grow careless of Justice so that either way they grow into Barbarism But as Virtue is a Mean betwixt two Extremes so it keeps in the Mean in all Estates the Virtue of Prosperity is Temperance and the Virtue of Adversity is Fortitude Of Henry the Seventh IT was
were carried many hundred miles let them be but loose and at their Liberty and they will return to their first Habitation wherefore they are forced to muffle many Creatures that they may not see which way they go because they should not know how to return Then that they are not Sociable nor delight in Society but we see they will play and sport with one another and Sheep love Company so well that they will not thrive nor grow but where there are great Flocks of them together Then that they have not Fancy but we see that Nightingales have great Fancy in the variety of their Tones and Notes and their Invention in many things beyond the Invention of Man Thus there is no Virtue nor Vice as Men call them but may be found in other Creatures as well as man but only we give our Knowledge proper Names and those none Again they say there is no War nor Tyranny in other Creatures or Animals but man yet certain there are many other Animals more Tyrannical Cruell even to their own kind than man and will take as heavy a Revenge one upon another and love Superiority and Power will not the Cocks fight as fiercely and cruelly one with another for Preheminency as men so Bulls against Bulls They say men have Command over Beasts but it is as some men have Command over others that is when they have more Power as Strength of Body or advantage of help either of Numbers Place or Time The Actions of Beasts THough Beasts be apter for some Actions than Men yet they are not made capable to exercise all in general as Running Leaping Jumping Drawing Driving Heaving Holding Staying Darting Digging Striking Grasping Cutting Peircing Diving Rowling Wreathing or Twisting Backwards Forwards Sideway Upward Downward turning their Joints any way as man can do Besides what curious Motions can Man move his Fingers to and what subtill Measures his Feer which no other Creature can do the like Thus every Member of Man is prompt ready and fitted for Action which makes him so industrious and inventive as he becomes so proud thereby that he thinks himself a petty God and yet all his Excellency lies in his Outward Shape which is not compleat but all his Inward is like to Beasts Wherefore Beasts might have been as capable as man if his outward Shape had been according so that one may almost think that the Soul is the outward Figure of a mans Body Of Birds ALL Birds are full of Spirit and have more ingenious Fancies than Beasts as we may see by their curious building of their Nests in providing for their Young in avoiding great Storms in choosing the best Seasons as by shifting their Habitation and in their flying in a pointed Figure which cuts or peirceth the Air which makes the Passage easy and so in many other things of the like Nature But the Reason seems to be because the chief Region they live in which is Air is pure and serene when Beasts live altogether on the Earth where the Air about is more Grosse by reason of continual thick Vapours that issue out but the Region wherein Birds fly is clarified by the Sun which makes the spirits of Birds more refined subtill and more lively or chearfull For all Beasts are heavy and dull in comparison of Birds having not Wings to fly into the serene Air But Beasts seem to have as much solid Judgement as clear Understandings as Birds and as providently carefull of their Subsistence and safty both for their Young and themselves as Birds But Birds have more Curiosity Fancy and Chearfullness than Beasts or indeed than Men for they are alwaies chirping and singing hopping and flying about but Beasts are like Grave Formal and Solid Common-Wealths-men and Birds like elevated Poets Of the Wooing of Beasts and Birds IT is not only the Spring time that makes Birds sing and chatter but it is their Wooing and striving to please their Mistrisses and Lovers for most Creatures keep a Noise and Dance when they Wooe as striving to express their Affections for the Noise of other Creatures is as much as making Verses by Men to their Mistrisses for those Noises are the several Languages to expresse themselves whereby they understand one another as Men. Of Passions THE Passions of the Mind are like the Humours of the Body for all Bodies have Choler Melancholy and Flegm nor could it be nourished without them so the Mind hath many Passions which without would be like a Stone so that there is no Humour of the Body or Passion of the Mind but is good if moderately bounded and properly placed but it is the Excess of the Humours and Passion that destroies the Body and Mind but the equal Ingredients of Humours make a strong Body and an equal Composure of Passions makes a Happy and a Noble Mind Of Appetite and Passion ALL natural Appetites are within Limits and all unnatural Appetites are without Limit and there is nothing more against Nature than Violence wherefore Man is the greatest Enemy to Nature for natural Passion or Action or Appetite are not Violent Violence being Artificial or Extravagant not Natural which is caused by Imagination Opinions Examples and Conversation which perswade Man to those Appetites which Violence doth work upon Of Like and Dislike WEE receive Like and Dislike as soon as we receive our Senses which is Life for when a Child is quick in the Womb Pain grieves it and Ease pleaseth it but Like and Dislike are not perfect Passions for though they are the Foundation of Love and Hate from which all Passions spring by the old Opinions yet are they not perfect Love or Hate Besides there is a difference betwixt Love Liking and Fondness for although Love hath a liking and is fond of what it placeth it self upon yet Liking and Fondness have not alwaies Love for true Love is unalterable when the other two are subject to Variety for true Love is lead by Reason and strengthened by Virtue Of Self-Love SElf love is the ground from whence springs all Indeavours and Industry Noble Qualities Honorable Actions Friendships Charity and Piety and is the cause of all Passions Affections Vices and Virtues for we do nothing or think not of any thing but hath a reference to our selves in one kind or other either in things Divine Humane or Natural for if we part with Life which is the chiefest good to Mankind it is because we think in Death there is lesse Pain than in Life without that we part with Life for and if we endure Torment which is worse than Death for any Thing or Opinion it is because our Delight of what we suffer for is beyond all Pains which Delight proceeds from Self-Love and Self-Love is the strongest Motion of the Mind for it strives to attract all Delight and gathers together like the Sun Beams in one Point as with a Glass wherewith it sets all one fire So Self-Love infires the Mind
would yield no Nourishment for there is a great difference between the Appetite and the Stomack Others their Appetites are so sharp and their Stomacks so weak as it digests not the third part of what it receives But he that loves Pleasure more than Health and Life let him follow Epicures and they that think the Severity of the Body is the way to Eternal Life let them turn Anchorets but they that think they may use all things that are lawfull without 2 prejudice to the Soul and would have Health and Life to use them long let them follow Observation and Moderation The Reason why one and the same Quantity of Physick shall purge some to Death and others it shall never move or at least not to that degree THE Reason is That one and the same Quality and Quantity of Purging Medicines works so different in several Bodies and at several Times in one and the same Body is caused by the Validity and Solidity of the Humour for the Bodies of Animals are like to several Grounds some Dusty and Dry some Stony and Hard some Tuff and Clammy as Clay some Muddy and Dirty others Washy and Wet which causeth Husbandmen to yoke more Oxen or Harness more Horses to adde Strength not onely when their Draughts are heavily laden but when the Waies are ill and uneasy to travel in for in some Waies ten Horses will not draw so easy as one in other Waies or in Winter as in Summer but are forced to whip and lash to tug and pull so are Bodies where Physick like Horses or Oxen doth pull and gripe the Guts to draw out clammy Flegm where in Light and Sanguine Bodies the Physick runs fast and the Humours follow easily or in Melancholy and Dry Waies where the Humour is so hard as the Physick rather beats upon it than penetrates or divides it and at last becomes Lame and Weak as Horses which are foundred but Cholerick Bodies are like Sandy Waies where the Humours like Dust fly about But there must be several sorts of Physick given to several Constitutions as Husbandmen sow several sorts of Grain as some Humours must be digged up with Penetrating Medicines other Humours plowed up with Fomenting Medicines some Humours harrowed with Extenuating Medicines others raked as with Drawing and Attractive Medicines some must be watered with Solable and Sucking Medicines others must be manured and nourished with fine Light-Meats and Gelly Broths others must be comforted with the hot Sun of Cordials Thus if Bodies be not husbanded according to the Nature Constitution of the Soyl they will never have a sufficient Stock of Health to pay Life their Land lord his Rent and Death will seize upon their Lease as forfeited to him before the Rent-day Of Purging Drugs ALL Purging Drugs have more of the penetrating or subdividing Quality than attractive or drawing for it is not the gathering together the Humours that casts forth or purgeth forth but the cutting or dividing them which loosens them and dissolves and the Cause of Fluxes in Bodies is that Nature hath bred a Drug in the Body which is a penetrating and subdividing Humour Of Opium Opium works upon the Spirits as Drugs do upon the Liver in the Body it is good in Feavers for in all Feavers the Spirits are like Wanton Bodies which run and play so much untill they have put themselves into a Fiery Heat But dull Opium corrects them like a grave Tutor wherefore Opium should be good for Mad-men moderately taken Of Animal Spirits THE Animal Spirits are the Radical Vapour in the Body produced from the Natural Heat and Radical Moysture but Obstruction which comes by Superfluity stops the Natural Heat hindring the Extenuating Faculty and Corruption which is caused by Superfluous Moysture and Unnatural Heat damps the Natural and drowns the Radical Moysture by which the Animal Spirits become weak This is the reason that those Diseases that come by Obstruction or Corrupted Humours make the Body faint and lazy and the Mind dull and melancholy Of Heat and Cold. HEat and Cold produce many times one and the same Effect for as Cold draws all Spirits inward so Heat thrusts all Spirits outwards for Cold is like a Hook to pull Heat inward and Heat like a Spear or a Staff to thrust outward As for example From Wine is distilled Aqua vitae or the like which are Spirits by the means of Fire and Wine in a Barrel if it be much frozen will cause all the Spirits in the Barrel to gather together in the midst and no Spirits are left in that which is frozen as likewise in extreme Fear all Spirits will be drawn to the Heart as the Center insomuch as all the rest of the Members will have none left to support them as they become useless and in great Heats the Spirits go to the Outward Parts and leave the Inward Parts so voyd as they become saint and exhausted for want of their help The Difference of Heat and Cold in the Spring and Autumn THE Face of the Earth is like the Hearth of a Chimney and the Sun as the Fire that lyeth thereon that is the reason that the Spring is not so warm as the Autumn or the Autumn so cold as the Spring because the Sun is not so hot in the Winter to heat the Earth as in the Summer for as the Hearth of a Chimney will require some time to be heated after the Fire is laid thereon so it will retain a Heat sometimes after the Fire is taken therefrom Likewise this is the reason that it is coldest just before the break of Day because at that time the Sun hath been longest absent for there is some Heat in the Night though but weak not but that the Night may be hot when the Day hath been cold but then that Heat proceeds rather from the Bowels of the Earth than the Beams of the Sun for though the Sun may have a Constant Heat yet his Beams have not as we may observe some Summer Daies are much colder than others for some Daies may be hotter when the Sun is Oblick than when it is Perpendicular over our Heads by reason that cold and moyst Vapours may arise from the Earth and as it were quench the Violent Heat in the Beams of the Sun and Wind may cool the Heat also or Clouds may obstruct the Heat as a Skreen set before the Fire yet neither Wind nor Vapour nor Clouds can alter the Heat inherent in the Sun c. Diseases curable and uncurable THere are some sorts of Dropsies that are caused by Obstruction and some sorts of Consumptions caused by Evil Digestion and so Diseases of all sorts that are curable but if any Vital Part be perished it is not Physick nor good Diet nor change of Air nor any Evacuation or Restoratives that can make that part whole again that is perished no not Nature it self for when her Work is finished she cannot mend it for if she makes
falls having a sufficient Vent like Showers of Rain where some run through the Pipes of the Nostrils othersome through the Gutter of the Throat and some fall streight down on the Stomack as the Earth for as it is the Nature of Vapour to spread and to ascend as being Light and Thin so it is the Nature of Water to descend or to run streight forth by reason it is more Solid and Weightier likewise Likewise Coughs are Followers and Attendants of Rheums which by tickling those Parts where it falls or trickles along causeth a straining and so a coughing though many times Wind produceth the same Effect by a tickling touch Also Sneezing is an Attendant to Rheum and Wind and causing a tickling on the Brain or in the Nose for indeed Sneezing is nothing but a Cough through the Nose as through the Throat Likewise Tooth-aches are caused by Rheums for the Rheum falling thereon rots the Bones or makes Holes therein like as Water continually dropping on a hard Stone works a Passage thorow Also Soar Throats are caused by Rheums but that is when the Rheum is sharp or salt Then Winter is subject to cause Apoplexies Lethargies numb Palsies and Gangrenes that are caused by the stoppage of the Pores which as I said are not only drawn closer by Cold which makes the Skin thicker and harder but by the gross and thin Air which is contracted into a more Solid Body by Cold. Thus the breathing Passages of the Body being stopp'd there flyes up so much grosser Vapours to the Head as choaks the Brain and smothers the Vital Spirits there and the Body having less Vent in Winter than in Summer grows so full of Humours as obstructs the Nerves and Muscles with cold clammy or hard baked Flegm as they cannot stir with a sensible Motion for in the Nerves and Muscles doth the Sense of Touching live and where they cease from moving those Parts are dead and numm'd Gangrenes are produc'd by the benumming of the Spirits as when the Spirits are congeal'd to Ice which causeth in very cold Countryes as Russia or the like to have their Noses and Fingers fall off from their Faces and Hands Likewise if the Spirits are quenched out with too much Moysture or their Motions hindered by some Obstruction or as it were corrupted by some Blow Bruise or Wound those Parts for want of Lifes Motion gangrene and so rot off Likewise Fistaloes are subject to this Season because this Season being subject to breed Rheums of all Sorts and Natures according as the Humours are in the Body so it breeds that sharp Rheum which makes Fistaloes for that Humour is as sharp as Vitriol or Aqua fortis and it doth in the Body as Vitriol and Aqua fortis doth on Metal running about and eating holes quite thorow Also this Season is subject to hard white Swellings bred by cold clammy or tough Humours The Stone and the Gout reign in every Season but not in every Age for though Children have the Stone many times yet seldome or never the Got But the Gout although it s not the Stone in the Toe yet it is an Humour which is of the Nature of Lime which is somewhat of a Brimstony Hard Dry Bitumenous Humour Of Cold and Hot Diseases A Cold Disease is apter for Cure than a Hot for Cold Diseases are like Raw Flesh that the Frost hath gotten hold of and makes it unlike it self by reason of the Ice hardning of it but Warmness dissolves it and then it comes to it self again but by Excessive Heat it is as if one should boyl or rost a piece of Flesh for when a piece of Flesh is boyled rosted baked or the like one shall never make it as it was which is to be raw again Of Apoplexies and the like AN Apoplexy is a dead Palsie in the Brain and a Lethargy a numb Palsie in the Brain And the reason many times why dead and numb Palsies when it takes them on one Side ruin the Legs or Arms and yet live is because it hath not touched the Vital Parts which is caused by some Obstruction in the Veins or some of the Nerves which either is by gross and thick Blood or hard and crusted Flegm or cold and clammy Flegm But if it be in the Head which we call Apoplexies it is either caused by a Cold Humour in the Brain which doth as it were congeal and freez up the Spirits or by a Malignant Vapour proceeding from the Stomack or Bowels which Vapour choaks or smothers up the Spirits And indeed the greatest Enemy to the Brain is the Vapour that proceeds from the Ill-affected Bowels or Stomack for Vapour being Smoke ascends upward to the Head which is the Chimney of the Body where the Smoke vents out for the Bowels may be compared to the Hearth the Stomack to the Pot or Furnace the Meat to the Fuel the Heart to the Fire or Flame which is fed by the Liver or Oily Substance the Lungs the Bollows to keep it alive the Head as I said the Chimney to gather up the Smoke the Nose Mouth and Ears the Tunnels from whence it issues out for if the Nose and Mouth be stopped the Fire of Life goeth out and not having Reviving Air it is choked with its own Smoke for though the Pores of the Body do evaporate some of the Smoke yet that is onely the thin and subtiller Part but if the Pores of the Body be stopped by a Cold the Body shall grow Feaverish with it so that many times it sets the House on Fire and when the Head is Idle and Frantick it is because the Head which is the Chimney-top is set on Fire by the Feaver but the Vapour that ascends to the Head is either a great Friend or Enemy to the Wit for a Gross Vapour chokes the Wit a Thin Sharp Vapour quickens it a Cold Vapour congeals it a Hot Vapour inflames it and several sorts of Vapour make variety of Wit and the several Figures and Works and Forms that that Vapour which is a Smoke raiseth up cause several Imaginations and Fancies by giveng several Motions to the Brain Of a Feaver A Feaver is like a Stack of Hay that is laid up half wet and half dry This Moysture and Drought being met together strive for Preheminency the Drought would drink up the Moysture and the Moysture would dissolve the Drought and if their Strength be equal and the Strife be without intermission the Stack is set on Fire caused by an equal swift continuated Motion which consumes all if it be not quenched out by a fresh Recruit of Moysture for Drought takes the part of Fire being the Child of Heat which Heat is the Child of Fire and so is the Grandmother of Drought Thus a Feaver is caused by the Humours of the Body which being not well tempered sets the Barn which is the Body on Fire by the Corruption therein for Heat and Moysture are the Parents to
whisperings or private Conference that her Actions might have sufficient Witnesse and her Discourses a generall Audience Item That none shall marry against their own liking or free choice lest they make their Marriage an excuse for Adultery Item It shall be allowed for Maids to entertain all Honorable as Matrimonial Suters untill such time as she hath made choice of one of them to settle her Affections upon for it is good reason one should take time and observe Humors before they bind themselves in Wedlock Bonds for when once bound nothing but Death can part them but when they are once married their Ears to be sealed from all Loves pleadings protestings Vows making high praises and Complementall phrases Item That none shall keep a Mistris above halfe a year but change lest she grow more imporious than a Wife made of a Widow Item All Lovers shall be licensed to bragg or speak well of themselves to their Mistris when they have done no meritorious Actions to speak for them Item All those that have Beauty enough to make a Lover if they have not wit to keep a Lover shall be accounted no better than a senseless Statue Item It shall not be as it is in these Daies accounted a prise or purchase amongst Ladies to get either by their Wit or Beauty admiring Servants especially if they be of amorous natures for then Nature drives them to her Beauty or Wit more than her Wit or Beauty draws them to it Item All those that are proud without a cause it shall be a sufficient cause to be scorned Item Eloquence shall not be imployed nor pleaded in Amorous Discourses nor to make Falshood to appear like Truth but to dress and adorn Vertue that she may be accepted and entertained by those that will refuse and shun her acquaintance if she be clad in plain Garments Item There shall none condemn another Language nor account another to be better if it be Significant Copious and Eloquent such as the English Tongue is Item All passionate Speeches or Speeches to move passion shall be expressed in Number Item That all Natural Poets shall be honored with Title esteemed with Respect or enriched for the Civilizing of a Nation more than Contracts Laws or Punishments by Soft Numbers and pleasing Phansics and also guard a Kingdom more than Walls or Bulworks by creating Heroick Spirits with Illustrious Praises inflaming the Mind with Noble Ambition Noble Souls and Strong Bodies THough Noble Souls and great Wits dwell not constantly nor are allwaies created in Strong Bodies yet if Nature did choose her Materials match her Works and order her Creatures rightly and Sympathetically Strong Bodies should have noble Souls large Capacities and great Wits for Weak Bodies many times are a defect in Nature as much as shallow Wits or irrational Souls But surely if the chief and first Nature would work methodically and not seem as if she wrought at randome and to produce by Chance as she doth if Education and Custome which is a second Nature had not such a prevalent power to disturb and obstruct her and though Education and Custome may and doth somtimes rectify some Defects and help Life yet it doth more often puzzle Life and incumber Natures Works putting Nature out of the right ways with False Principles Foolish Customes and ill Education this is the reason natural Wits are many times lost not having time or leasure to exercise them or use them as I may say or for want of variety of Subjects or Objects to better them or dull'd by tedious and unprofitable Studies or quenched out by base Servitude or Subjection Also clear Understandings are darkened sound and strong Judgments weakened and false Judgments given and vain Conceptions and erroneous Opinions Maintaind or Believed for want of the True and the Right Waies Likewise the streught of the Body oftimes is weakened and effeminated by Luxurie Curiosity and Idleness which causeth Noble Souls Large Capacities Clear Understandings Fine Fancies and Quick Wits to dwell many times nay most commonly in weak Bodies for the better sort have most commonly more Plenty than Health the one devouring the other when the Meaner sort have meager Souls and barren Brains Rude Dispositions and Rough Natures have strong Limbs strengthned by Exercise and maintained by Labour healthfull bodies kept in repair by Temperance caused by scarcity and Poverty contented minds bred by Low Fortunes and Humble Desires when Wealth and Dignity create Vain Glory and Pride yet many times small Fortunes and great Wits agree best together but Noble Minds and Great Estates do the most good But in this Age although it be the Iron Age yet those men that have Effeminate Bodies as tender Youth loose Limbs smooth Skins fair Complexions fantastical Garbs affected Phrases strained Complements factious Natures detracting Tongues mischievous Actions and the like are admired and commended more or thought wiser than those that have Cenerous Souls Heroick Spirits Ingenuous Wits prudent Fore-cast Experienced Years Manly Forms Gracefull Garbes Edifying Discourses Temperate Lives Sober Actions Noble Natures and Honest Hearts but in former years it was otherwaies for Heroick Spirits in Masculine Forms had double praise as is expressed in the Grecian and Trojan Warrs and Princes were bred to labour as much as Pesants for though their Labour might be different the one being Servile the other Free yet the Burthen and pains-taking might be Equal though they carried not Pedlars Packs nor Porters Burthens yet they carried thick and heavy Arms and if they handled not the Sithe Pitch-Fork and Flail yet they handled the Sword the Spear the Dart the Bow the Sling and the like and if they knew not how to Mow to Reap and to Thrash yet they knew how to Assault to Defend and to Fight and though they digged not the Gold out of the Mines yet they digged Fortisications out of the Earth and if they set not Flowers on Banks or sowed Seeds in Furrows or ingrafted Slips or planted Trees to grow yet they set Armies in battail Array and sowed Lives in Adventures ingrafted Honor to the Stock of their Predeceslors and planted Fame to grow high in after Ages and though they drive not the Asses yet they mannage the Horses and if they want the Art to Yoak Oxen they want not the wisdome to Yoak the Vulgar with strickt Laws and if they will not drive a Flock of Sheep to the Fold they can lead a Number of Men to the Warrs and if they cannot build a House yet they can storm a City Thus galiant labours may strengthen the Bodies of Honorable Breed and Noble Minds freely and industriously without a Bondage or Slavery nay they may Row in Gallies yet not be subject to the Whip or Chains But as Masculine Bodies and Heroick Souls had a double esteem so Effeminate Bodies and timorous Spirits or rather Natures had a double despising as witness Paris of Troy but most Nations in those Ages spent their time in usefull Arts not
in vain Dressings they wore Horse-Tails in Head-pieces for Terrour not Light Feathers for Shew their Pride lay in their Arms not in their Clothes in their Strength not in their Beauty in their Victories not in their Dancings in their Prudence not in their Vanities their Wealth was spent in Hospitality not in Prodigality their Discourse was to Instruct not to make Sport neither in former years was Old-ages counsel refused for Youths Advice Age was accounted an Honour and respect was given to the Silver Hairs Youth an Effeminacy pittying their Follies And Youth in former Ages learnt with Patience what Age taught with Judgement and with Pains what Skill taught with Industry As to drive Charriots ride Horses bear Arms hold Shields throw Darts to Fence to wrastle to Skirmish to train Men to pitch Camps to set Armies to guide Ships Not to Dance to Sing to Fiddle to paint to powder as many men do now adaies Youth did then listen with attention to Grave Instructions and receive reproofs with Submission kept silence with sober Countenance obeyed with willing hearts and ready hands where now adaies Youth is bold and rude talks loud speaks Nonsence slights Age scorns Councels laug's at Reproofes glories in Vices and hates Virtue T is true many will go into the War and kill one another though many times they run away but it is rather Rashnes that sights than true Valour where Fortune gives the Victory and not Pallas or rather Time for those that run first away lose the day Thus in former Ages were Bodies and Minds matcht but I speak of Stength to shew that Women that are bred tender idle and ignorant as I have been are not likely to have much Wit nor is it fit they should be bred up to Masculine Actions yet it were very fit and requisit they should be bred up to Masculine Understandings it is not fit for Women to practice the behaviour of Men yet it is fit that Women should practice the Fortitude of Men But Women now adaies affecting a Masculincy as despising their own Sex practise the behaviour of Men not the spirits of Men nor their Herroick Behaviour but their Wilde Loose Rude Rough or foolish attected Behaviour they practise the Masculine Confidency or Boldness and forget the Esseminate Modesty the Masculine Vice and forget the Esseminate Virtues as to talke Impudently to Swagger to Swear to Game to Drink to Revell to make Factions but they practice not Silence Sobriety Reservedness Abstinency Patience or the like they practice the Masculine Cruelty quitting their tender and gentle Natures their sweet and pleasing Dispositions But these Actions and Humours are so far from preferring our Sex to a higher Degree that they do debase and make us worse than other Creatures be but I beseech my Readers to believe I speak not of Envy or Spight for I am guilty of neither but out of a grieved love to my own Sex nor of any particular Nations but of the World in general I mean as much as I have heard of likewise that my Readers will not mistake me as to think I belive that great Giantly Bodies or strong course Clowns have the greatest Wit and deepest Understanding for we see to the contrary most commonly they being the most Ignorant Fools and Cowardly spirits but I mean that if they had large strong healthfull bodies which might be obtained by Heroick Labours and Exersises and if their spirits were answerable to their bodies which might be infused by good Education they might have a double or treble Portion of Rational Understanding but most commonly large Bodies are like populated Kingdomes that are Barren for want of Cultivating and becomes defensless and open to an Enemy for want of Fortification which is Fortitude for Fortitude is an Overflow or a Superabounding of Spirits when Fear is a Scarcity or Contracting thereof the like of Wit and Understanding for from the Quantity and Agilness of the spirits in the Brain produceth Wit and from the Quantity and Strength of the Spirits in the Brain produceth Understanding But if I were to choose a Sex I had rather be a Pigmy stuft with rational spirits than a Giant empty thereof but a Middle Stature is most becoming a Little the most Agil and a Great the most Dreadfull like a private Family for a small Family hath the least Expence a Great Family the most Disorder a Competent Family the best Governed Or like Marriage a Beautifull Wife Delights most a Witty Wife pleaseth best a Chast Wife makes a man the Happiest So a Valiant Husband is most Esteemed a Wise Husband best beloved and an Honest Husband makes a Wife the happiest when a Coward is scorned a Fool despised and an Inconstant Husband hated The like is a Cholerick Wife an Unconstant Wife and a Sluttish Wife IT is strange to observe the forgetfulness or the boldness or the foolishness of many men in the World that will not only take Learned Mens Opinions and Arguments and discourse of them as if they were their own to the very Authors themselves word for word which shews Ridiculous and Mad but most times they will gravely write them as if they were never writ or divulged before by which Actions one would think they were of Kin to the Jackanapes Others are as Base as those are Ridiculously Foolish which will bribe the Printer or Bookseller to let them see such Copies and so will steal out their best Phansies or Opinions or Arguments and print them before the others come out wherefore it is just in the Readers to examine the Grounds for if any have done so unworthy an Act the Theft will be as easily seen for it will appear in the Face lying but skin-deep but never come neer the Fundamental parts wherefore all Writers that Strike Justle or Imbraee one another and that are published or Printed in a short space of time of one another are to be examined to find out the Right and Truth and to condemn the Thief and punish the Crime with Reproach and Infamy But I would have this Monarchy I make To have a Judge * that will good Counsel take One that is wise to govern and to see What Faults to mend and what the Errors be Making the Common-wealth his only Minion Striving for to enlarge his own Dominion To love his People with a tender Care To wink at Frailties which in Nature are And Just to punish Crimes as hatingill Yet sorry for the Malefactor still Glad to reward and Virtue to advance In real Favours not in Countenance Not to pay Merits with good Words and Smiles Dissembling Promises poor Men beguiles Nor yet good Services are done long past Ungratefull Souls will in Oblivion cast But have the Eye of Memory so clear The least good Service shall to him appear Nor would I have one idly to neglect His Peoples safety but for to protect Their Lives and Goods with all the care he can And upright Justice to the