Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	drachm_n	half_a	ounce_n	6,028	5	11.2390	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A60739	Polygraphice, or, The arts of drawing, engraving, etching, limning, painting, washing, varnishing, gilding, colouring, dying, beautifying, and perfuming in four books : exemplifyed in the drawing of men, women, landskips, countries and figures of various forms, the way of engraving, etching, and limning, with all their requisites and ornaments, the depicting of the most eminent pieces of antiquities, the paintings of the antients, washing of maps, globes or pictures, the dying of cloth, silk, horns, bones, wood, glass, stones and metals, the varnishing, colouring and gilding thereof according to any purpose or intent, the painting, colouring and beautifying of the face, skin and hair, the whole doctrine of perfumes, never published till now, together with the original, advancement and perfection of the art of painting / by William Salmon ...	Salmon, William, 1644-1713.	1673 (1673)	Wing S445; ESTC R16620	189,914	371

of beauty when art affords an innocent supply but with confidence crucify that evil conscience which forbids the use of a little oyl to make a chearful countenance and the drinking of a little wine to make a merry heart Borrow our Artificial beautifiers and become splendid that you may be fit to be gathered by the hand of some metamorphosed Hero lest in the garden of Deformities growing green with sickness you should be taken for thistles and so crop'd by Asses II. To cleanse the face and skin Before any thing be used to paint or make the skin beautiful it must be made very clean thus first wash with warm water and sweet scented wash-balls very well then rub the face with a cloth and wash well with water in which Wheat-bran is boiled so is the skin prepared Or thus Take Sublimate one ounce glair of six eggs boil them in a glass vessel till they grow thick then press out the water with which wash the skin III. To make a white Fucus or Paint Take Talk and powder it by beating of it in a hot mortar to the powdred Talk add distilled Vinegar boil it at a gentle fire in a wide glass let the fat froth that swims at top be taken off with a spoon then evaporate the vinegar and mix the remaining cream with flegm of common Salt or a little Pomatum with which wash or anoint the face and it will beautify it much IV. Another very excellent Take Crude Talk in powder one ounce oil of Camphire two ounces digest till the oil is white it is a noble Fucus for Ladies faces V. To make the aforesaid oyl of Camphire Take Camphire four ounces Bole twelve ounces make them into balls and dry them in the Sun then distill them in sand in a glass retort into a receiver that hath distilled rain water therein first there will come forth a white matter which melts in the Alembick and falls into the receiver then a clearer water and at last with a stronger fire the oil we speak of sweet scented which rectified with spirit of wine will be yellow as Gold VI. Another excellent Fucus made of Pearl Dissolve Pearl in distilled Vinegar precipitate with oyl of Sulphur per Campanum then sweeten and digest with spirit of wine abstract the spirit and you have a magisterial Fucus will melt like butter VII To make the best Fucus or Paint as yet known Take Venetian Talk cleave it into slices digest it in the heat of the Sun or of a horse-dunghil for a month with distilled vinegar made of Spanish wine adding every day new distilled Vinegar to the former till the Vinegar be mucilaginous which then distill by a luted retort and a large receiver with a naked fire First there comes forth the Vinegar then a white oil which separate After you have cleansed the skin by the second Section then first wash with the vinegar after anoint with the oil if the face be first well wash'd from all impurity this one anointing may hold for a month without fading This Cosmetick if rightly prepared is worth about five pound an ounce VIII An excellent Fucus made of a Bulls gall Take Bulls galls dryed in the Sun whose tincture extract with spirit of wine with which besmear the face being cleansed by the second Section leaving it on for three or four days without going abroad or exposing the skin to the air at the end of the time cleanse the face by the second Section so almost to a miracle the skin of the face and neck is rendered most gratefully white soft delicate and amiable This is the Spanish Fucus which several Ladies now use IX To make an excellent red Fucus Make a decoction of red Sanders in double distilled vinegar adding a little Alom with a few grains of Musk Amber-griese or of some sweet Spices and you will have a perfect red Fucus for the face X. Another very excellent Take juice of Clove-gilliflowers with which mix a little juice of Limons with this paint your face and you shall have a pleasing red colour XI To do the same another away Make a strong infusion of Clove-gilliflowers in rectified spirit of wine adding a few drops of oil of Vitriol or instead thereof a little Alom and the juice of a Citron or Limon so shall you have an excellent colour to beautifie the face with XII A Fueus or Paint not easie to be discovered Take seeds of Cardamoms or grains of Paradise Cubebs Cloves and raspings of Brazil which infuse in rectified spirit of wine for ten days over a gentle heat then separate the spirit this is so perfect a Fucus that it may deceive any man for this clear water gives a fresh red and lovely colour which will last long XIII A Fucus or Cosmetick of river Crabs Takes of the flesh which remains in the extremities of the great claws of river Crabs being boiled a sufficient quantity which dry gently and then extract a deep tincture with rectified spirit of wine evaporate part of the menstruum till the tincture have a good thickness or body with which the skin being cleansed anoint the cheeks first applying over it some other albifying Cosmetick XIV Spanish wool wherewith women paint their faces red Boil shearings of Scarlet in water of quick-lime half an hour of which take two pound to which put Brazil two ounces rasped Roch Alom Verdigriese of each one ounce Gum Arabick two drcahms boil all for half an hour which keep for use XV. To do the same another way Take Spirit of wine one pound Cochenele half an ounce rasped Brazil one ounce Gum Armoniack three drachms mix and digest till the Gum is dissolved then boil it gently and strain it for use into which you may put old linnen rags or Spanish wool at pleasure CHAP. XXXVII Of Cosmeticks which beautifie without any thing of Paint I. AN excellent Cosmetick or Liquor of Talk Take powder of Talk made by rubbing it with pumice stones or beating it in a very hot mortar or filing it with a Goldsmiths smoothing file eight ounces Salis Tartari sixteen ounces calcine it twelve hours in a wind furnace and set it in a Cellar separating that which melts from that which doth not then calcine this dry Calx added to four times its weight of Salnitre with a strong fire so the Talk will be melted into a clear white mass which being set in a Cellar will turn to a clammy liquor This wonderfully whitens and beautifies the skin and takes away spots and freckles from the face but you must not leave the liquor long on but wash it off with decoction of wheat bran that it corrode not the skin II. To make the skin soft and smooth The face being very clean by the second Section of the six and thirtieth Chapter wash it very well with a Lixivium of Salt of Tartar and after that anoint it with Pomatum or which is better oil of sweet Almonds doing this every night going

coloured Mantle a chaplet of red and white Roses Natural affection in Citron colour Envy in a discoloured green garment full of eyes IX Joy in a green robe and a mantle of divers colours embroidered with flowers a garland of Myrtle in her right hand a Crystal Cruise in her left a golden Cup Pleasure in light garments trimmed with silver and gold Laughter in several Colours X. Wit in a discoloured mantle Jollity in flame colour Pastime in purple trimmed with gold XI Opinion in black Velvet black cap with a white fall Impudence in a party coloured garment Audacity in blush colour XII Honour in a purple robe wrought with gold Liberty in white Safety in Carnation CHAP. XVII Of Colours for Painting Glass I. YEllow Take a very thin piece of pure fine silver and dip it into melted brimstone take it out with a pair of plyers and light it in the fire holding it till it leaves burning then beat it to powder in a brasen mortar then grind it with Gum Arabick water and a little yellow Oker II. Yellow Take fine silver one Drachm Antimony in powder two drachms put them in a hot fire in a crucible for half an hour and then cast it into a brassmortar and beat it into powder to which add yellow Oker six Drachms old earth of rusty Iron seven Drachms grind all well together This is fairer than the former III. White This is the colour of the glass it self you may diaper upon it with other glass or Crystal ground to powder IV. Black Take Jet and Scales of Iron and with a wet feather take up the Scales that fly from the Iron after the Smith hath taken his heat grind them with gum water V. Black Take Iron scales Copper scales of each one Drachm heat them red hot in a clean fire shovel then take Jet half a Drachm first grind them small and temper them with gum water VI. Red. Take Sanguis Draconis in powder put to it rectified spirit of wine cover it close a little while and it will grow tender wring it out into a pot that the dross may remain in the cloth the clear preserve for use This is a fair red VII Carnation Take tin glass one ounce jet three ounces red oker five ounces gum two drachms grind them together It is a fair Carnation VIII Carnation Take jet four Drachms tin glass or litharge of silver two Drachms gum and scales of Iron of each one Drachm red chalk one ounce grind them IX Green Take Verdigriese and grind it well with Turpentine and put it into a pot warming it at the fire when you use it X. Blew Provide the clearest leads you can get of that colour beat them to powder in a brazen mortar take Goldsmiths Amel of the same colour clear and transparent grind each by it self take two parts of lead and one of Amel grind them together as you did the silver The same understand of Red and Green CHAP. XVIII Of the way of Painting upon Glass I. THere are two manner of ways of painting upon glass the one is for oyl colour the other for such colours as are afterwards to be annealed or burnt on II. To lay oyl colours upon glass you must first grind them with Gum water once and afterwards temper it with Spanish Turpentine lay it on and let it dry by the fire and it is smished III. To anneal or burn your glass to make the colours abide you must make a four square brick furnace eighteen inches broad and deep lay five or six cross Iron bars on the top of it and raise the furnace eighteen inches above the bars then laying a plate of Iron over the bars sift through a five a lay of slack'd lime over the plate upon which lay a row of glass upon that a bed of lime and upon that lime another row of glass thus continue stratum super stratum till the furnace is full IV. Lay also with every bed of glass a piece of glass which you may wipe over with any Colour these are called watches and when you think your glass is burnt enough with a pair of plyers take out the first and lowest watch and lay it on a board and being cold try if you can scrape off the Colour if it hold fast on take out that row always letting it abide the fire till the colour will not scrape off CHAP. XIX Of Washing and the Materials thereof I. BY washing here we intend nothing else but either to set out Maps or Printed Pictures in proper Colours or else to varnish them II. The Instruments and materials of washing are chiefly six to wit I. Alom-water 2. Size 3. Liquid Gold 4. Pencils 5. Colours 6. Varnish III. To make Alom water Take Alom eight ounces sair water a quart boil them till the Alom is dissolved IV. To make size Take glew which steep all night in water then melt it over the fire to see that it be neither too strong nor too weak then let a little of it cool if it be too stiff when it is cold put more water to it if too weak more glew using it lukewarm V. Liquid Gold It is exactly made by the first Section of the 21 Chapter of the second Book VI. Pencils are to be of all sorts both fitch'd and pointed as also a large pencil brush to past Maps upon Cloth another to wet the paper with Alom water a third to starch the face of the picture withal before it be coloured and a fourth to varnish withal VII The colours are the same with those which we mentioned in Chap. 17. lib. 2. to which add 1. Of Black Printers black Franckford black 2. Of Red Vermilion Rosset 3. Of Blew Verditure Litmos Flory 4. Of Yellow Cambogia Yellow berries Orpiment 5. Brazil Logwood ground and Turnsole Cochenele Madder CHAP. XX. Of Colours simple for Washing I. PRinters black Vermilion Rosset Verditure and Orpiment are to be ground as we have taught at the fifth Section of the 22 Chapter of the fecond Book II. Brazil To some ground Brazil put small Beer and Vinegar of each a sufficient quantity let it boil gently a good while then put therein Alom in powder to heighten the Colour and some gum Arabick to bind it boil it till it taste strong on the tongue and make a good red III. Logwood Ground Logwood boiled as Brazil makes a very fair transparent Purple Colour IV. Cochenele Steeped as Brazil was boiled makes a fair transparent purple as thus take Cochenele and put it into the strongest Sope lees to steep and it will be a fair purple which you may lighten or deepen at pleasure V. Madder Take Madder four drachms ground Brazil one ounce Rain water a quart boil away a third part then add Alom half an ounce boil it to a pint then gum Arabick one ounce which boil till it is dissolved cool it stirring it often and strain it for use It is a good scarlet die for Leather VI. Verdigriese

green verditure and the farthest and faintest places with blew bice or blew verditure mingled with white and shadowed with blew verditure in the shadows indifferent thick III. Let the high-ways be done with red and white lead and for variety yellow oker shadow it with burnt umber which you may use for sandy rocks and hills IV. Rocks may be done with several colours in some places black and white in other places red and white and in others blew and white and the like as you see convenient V. The water must be black verditure and white shadowed with green and blew verditure when the banks cast a green shadow upon the water and the water is dark shadowed then shade it with indico green thickned and blew verditure VI. Colour buildings with as much variety of pleasant colours as may be imaginable yet let reason be your rule in mixing your colours you may sometimes use white and black for the wall conduits or other things for Brick-houses and the like red lead and white if many houses stand together set them off with variety of colours as umber and white lake and white red lead and white and the like VII Lastly for the sky use masticot or yellow berries and white for the lowest and lightest places red rosset and white for the next degree blew bice and white for the other blew bice or blew verditure for the highest These degrees and colours must be so wrought together that the edge of each colour may not receive any sharpness that is so as that you cannot perceive where you began to lay them being so drowned one in another CHAP. XXIV Of the practice of Washing I. WIth the Alom-water wet over the pictures to be coloured for that keeps the colours from sinking into the paper and will add a lustre unto them make them shew fairer and keep them from fading II. Then let the paper dry of it self being washed with Alom-water before you lay on the colours or before you wet it again for some paper will need wetting four or five times III. The washing of the paper with the Alom-water must be done with a large pencil brush such as we have advised to at the sixth Section of the nineteenth Chapter of this Book IV. But if you intend to varnish your pictures after you have coloured them instead of washing them with Alom water first size them with new size made of good white starch with a very fine brush and this you must be sure to do all over for else the varnish will sink through V. Having thus prepared your work go to laying on your Colours according to the former directions suiting them as near as may be to the life of everything VI. The picture being painted you may with size at the fourth Section of the nineteenth Chapter of this Book paste your maps or pictures upon cloth thus wet the sheet of cloth therein wring it out and strain it upon a frame or nail it upon a wall or board and so paste your maps or pictures thereon VII Lastly if the picture be to be varnished having thus fixed it into its proper frame then varnish it with a proper varnish by the following rules and the work will be fully finished CHAP. XXV Of the making of Varnishes I. VArnish for painting in Oyl Take Mastich two ounces Oyl of Turpentine one ounce put the Mastich in powder into the Oyl and melt it over the fire letting it boil little or nothing lest it be clammy when it is enough you may know by putting in a hens feather for then it will burn it II. Varnish for painted pictures Take white Rozin one pound Plumb-tree gum or gum Arabick Venice Turpentine Linseed oyl of each two ounces first melt the Rozin and strain it very hot steep the Gum in oyl Olive oyl ben is better till it is dissolved and strain it to which put the Turpentine and Rozin and over a slow fire mingle them till they are well dissolved When you use it use it hot III. Another for the same Take Olibanum and gum Sandrack in powder which mingle with Venice Turpentine melting and incorporating them still over a gentle fire then strain it hot When you use it let it be hot and your Varnish will shine well it dries immediately IV. Another for the same Take oyl of Linseed which distill in a glass Retort one ounce fair Amber dissolved three ounces mix them over a flow fire and it is done V. A very good Varnish for Gold Silver Brass Iron Stone Wood Vedom or Paper Take Benjamin made into fine powder between two papers put it into a vial and cover it with Spirit of Wine four fingers above it and let it stand three or four days then strain it and it will be bright and shining drying immediately and retaining its brightness many years If you varnish Gold or any thing gilded before the straining you should put in a few blades of Saffron for colour sake but if Silver or any thing white you ought to use the white part of the Benjamin only VI. A varnish particularly for Gold Silver Tin or Copper Take Linseed oyl six ounces Mastich Aloes Epatick of each one ounce put the gums in powder into the Oyl into a glazed earthen pot which cover with another luting them together in the bottom of which let be a hole whereinto put a small stick with a broad end to stir withal cover them all over with clay except the hole set it over the fire and stir it as often as it seetheth for a little while then strain it for use First let the metal be polished then strike it over with this varnish VII A Varnish for Wood and Leather Take Tincture of Saffron or Turmerick in Spirit of Wine a pint prepared gum Lake a sufficient quantity dissolve the gum in the tincture and it is done This is a Varnish of great use to lay over Gold and Silver or any thing which is exposed to the Air. VIII To make the Common Varnish Take spirit of Wine a quart Rozin one ounce Gum Lake a sufficient quantity dissolve the gums in a gentle heat being close covered and let them settle then gently decant off the clear which keep in a close glass Bottle for use The thick which remains you may strain through a cloth and keep for other purposes IX To make a red Varnish Take spirit of Wine a quart gum Lake four ounces Sanguis Draconis in fine powder eight ounces Cochenele one ounce digest a week over a gentle heat then strain it for use X. To make a yellow Varnish Take spirit of Wine a pint in which infuse three or four days Saffron half an ounce then strain it and add Aloes Succotrina one ounce Sanguis Draconis two ounces which digest a week over a gentle heat close covered then strain it for use XI An Vniversal Varnish the best of all others Take good gum Sandrick but gum Anime is better dissolve it in the highest

rectified spirit of Wine an ounce and a half more or less to a pint and it is done Where note 1. That unless the Spirits be highly rectified the Varnish connot be good 2. That some put into it Linseed oyl which is naught oyl of ben is better and mix them together 3. Some mix boiled Turpentine with it others Chymical oyls of deep colours as of Cloves Mace Nutmegs Caraways Cinnamon according to the intent 4. That it ought to be kept in a glass bottle close stopped lest it curdle and the gums separate CHAP. XXVI Of the manner of Varnishing I. THe intent of Varnishing is either to preserve the gloss of paintings or pictures or else to represent and imitate the forms of shining and perlucid bodies II. To varnish paintings and pictures 't is no more but with a pencil dipt in the Varnish to go over the same then letting it dry and so going over it so often as in reason you shall see convenient III. If you are to imitate any thing as Marble Tortoise shell Amber Lapis Lazuli or the like you must first make the imitation of them upon that which you would Varnish with their proper colours as in Limning or Painting with oyl which must be throughly dry then by the second Section go over all with the Varnish so often till you see it thick enough letting it dry every time leisurely For example sake IV. To imitate Marble Take of the Universal Varnish at the eleventh Section of the five and twentieth Chapter with which mingle Lamp black or other black and white Lead finely beaten and with a brush pencil marble the thing you would Varnish according to your fancy lastly being dry strike it again two or three times over with the clear varnish alone and it will be perfect V. To imitate Tortoise shell First lay a white ground then with convenient colours as Vermilion with Auripigment duly mixt with Common Varnish streak and shadow the white ground with any wild fancy as nearly imitating Tortoise shell as you can which being dry strike it here and there with the red Varnish mixed with a little Sinaper or Indian Lake then up and down the work as nature requires touch it with varnish mixed with any good black then stroke it over with Universal Varnish four or five times letting it dry every time lastly let it dry well a week and with Pumice stone in fine powder and a wet cloth polish it by rubbing then go over it again three or four times with the Universal Varnish and if need require polish it again with fine putty as before after which you may once again strike it over with the said Varnish and it will be done VI. To imitate Tortoise shell upon silver or gold A white ground being laid and smeared over with Vermilion or the like lay over the same leaves of silver or gold as we have taught in other places either with gum Ammoniacum Lake common varnish or glair this done and being dryed shadow it according to reason striking it over here and there with yellow varnish and with the yellow varnish mixed with a little red varnish all things being done in imitation of the shell strike it several times over with the Universal Varnish and polish it in all respects as before VII To imitate Lapis Lazuli Upon a ground of white Lead Spodium or the like in common Varnish being first dry lay Vltramarine or some other pure blew well mixed with the Uni●●●sal Varnish so as that the ground may not appear then with wild irregular streaks in resemblance of Nature with liquid or shell gold run straglingly all over the blew adding very small specks upon the blew part of such various colours as are usually to be seen upon the stone CHAP. XXVII Experimental Observations of Vegetable Colours in General I. A Strong infusion of galls filtred mixed with a strong and clear solution of Vitriol makes a mixture as black as Ink which with a little strong oyl of Vitriol is made transparent again after which the black colour is regained again by the affusion of a little quantity of a strong solution of salt of Tartar The first black although pale in writing yet being dry appears to be good Ink. II. Decoction of dried red roses in fair water mixed with a little filtrated solution of blew vitriol made a black colour this mixed with a little Aqua fortis turn'd it from a black to a deep red which by affusion of a little spirit of Urine may be reduced straight to a thick and black colour III. Yellow wax is whitened by dissolving it over the fire in spirit of wine letting it boil a little and then exhaling the spirit of wine or else whilst it is hot sep●rating it by filtration IV. Fair water mixed with a blood red Tincture of Benjamin drawn with spirit of wine immediately makes it of a milk white colour V. Blackness may be taken away with oyl of Vitriol so black pieces of silk or hair I have turn'd to a kind of yellow VI. A handful of Lignum Nephitrioum rasped infused in four pound of spring water yields between the light and the eye an almost golden colour unless the Infusion be too strong but with the eye between the light and it in a clear vial a lovely blew as indeed it is this with spirit of Vinegar may be made to vanish still keeping its golden colour and after with oyl of Tartar per deliquium may be restored again VII Cloths died with blew and Woad is by the yellow decoction of Luteola died into a green VIII Syrup of Violets mixed with a high solution of Gold in Aqua regia produces a reddish mixture and with a high solution of filings of Copper in spirit of Urine a lovely fair green IX Syrup of Violets mixed with a little juice of Lemons spirit of Salt vinegar or the like acid salt will be immediately red but mixt with oyl of Tartar or a solution of pot ashes it will in a moment be perfect green the like in juice of blew bottles X. A good quantity of oyl of Tartar put into a strong solution of Verdigriese gives a delightful blew which may be variously changed by adding spirit of Urine or hartshorn XI Although red roses hung over the fume of Sulphur lose all their redness and become white yet oyl of Sulphur which is nothing but the fumes condensed doth wonderfully heighten the tincture of the same XII Cochenele will have its colour far more heightned by Spirit of Urine than by rectified spirit of wine And one grain of Cochenele in a good quantity of spirit of Urine being put into one hundred twenty six ounces of water tinged it although but faintly which amounts to above one hundred twenty five thous and times its own weight XIII Twenty grains of Cochenele being mixed with an ounce of Saecharum Saturni makes a most glorious purple colour and so accordingly as the quantity is either diminished or

are eminent above all other things CHAP. XXXIX Of making a Sweet Breath I. ASthinking Breath comes from one of these four causes viz. putrified Lungs defective Teeth a distemper of the Head or obstruction of the Stomach II. To remedy a Stinking Breath coming from putrified Lungs Take Vnguentum Nicotianae one ounce Oleum Succini two drachms mix them and anoint the breast outwardly inwardly give cleansers as oil of Sulphur allayed with Rose water morning and evening as also Antimonium Diophoreticum ten grains five times a day for several days together then heal by giving oil of Almonds mixed with a few drops of oil of Cinnamon or Pills of Turpentine Lastly morning noon and night let this bolus be adhibited take Nutmegs Mace Ginger of each fifteen grains honey two drachms oil of Cinnamon ten drops mix them and continue it for some weeks III. To help the defects of the teeth 1. If the teeth be furred over rub them every morning with cremor Tartari in powder and wash them with White-wine 2. If the teeth be black allay oil of Sulphur or Vitriol in Rose water and scowr them well therewith with the end of a stick and a rag till all the blackness be gone then rub them with oil of Almonds perfum'd with oil of Cinnamon 3. If the teeth be loose first rub them with this powder take Galls Pomgranate flowers Sumach Cyperus of each one ounce Roch Alom half a pound powder them all for use then use this Gargarisme Take Galls one ounce Myrrh Pomgranate peels of each half an ounce boil them in white wine vinegar for a Gargarism Lastly morning noon and night wash the gums with good red Wine by this means the teeth will be fastned and the gums restored 4. If they be in danger of rotting take ashes of Harts-horn magistery of Corral of each one ounce musk or instead thereof oil of Cinnamon ten grains mix for a dentifrice to rub the teeth withal it will keep them white and sound 5. If they he rotten and hollow make little pellets of strained Opium Myrrh and oil of Cinnamon and put them into the hollow tooth 6. If they ach use the aforesaid pellets or make little ones of Laudanum Paracelsi and put them into the hollowness or if they be not hollow tye a little pill of the same up in a fine thin rag and hold it between the aking teeth 7. If they stink often wash them with wine or spirit of wine in which a few drops of oil of Cinnamon and adeps Rosarum is dissolved IV. To rectify a Stinking Breath arising from distemper of the head Consider the cause of the distemper whether it arises from the Pox Imposthumes or the like and follow the method instituted in the Cure of those diseases and then the cause being taken away the effects you will find will soon cease yet nevertheless these following pills are excellent take Calx of refined Silver made by spirit of Nitre and well dulcified by washing in warm rain water one ounce Resinae Scammonii one ounce and half mix them for a mass of pills of which take eight or ten grains at night going to bed every third fourth or fifth day V. To rectifie a Stinking Breath arising from the obstruction of the Stomach This is done by opening and cleansing the Stomach thus Take every morning going to bed half a drachm of Pil. Ruffi for ten or twelve days together or thus first vomit with Vinum Benedictum one ounce or more according as Strength requires twice or thrice then take Pilulae Rudii half a drachm at a time in the morning fasting drinking after it some warm broth or posset drink which repeat every third or fourth day four or five times VI. To rectifie the Breath when it smells of any thing that is eaten Chew Coriander seed or Zedoary in the mouth drinking a good draught of wine after the scent of the wine is taken away by eating four apples or Quinces or by chewing troches of Gum Tragacanth perfumed with oil of Cinnamon CHAP. XL. Of beautifying the Hair I. TO Dye the Hair black This is done with the Calx of Lime made by Spirit of Nitre mixed with fair water and the hair washed therewith with a Spunge it is the most excellent thing of that kind that is yet known II. To keep the hair foom falling off Take Myrtle berries Galls Emblick Myrobalans of each alike boil them in oil Omphacine with which anoint it is an excellent Medicine yet as old as Galen III. To remedy Baldness This is a hard thing to cure yet the following things are very good Rub the head or bald places every morning very hard with a course cloth 'till it be red anointing immediately after with Bears griefe when ten or fifteen days are past rub every morning and evening with a bruised Onion till the bald places be red then anoint with honey well mixed with Mustard seed applying over all a plaister of Labdanum mixed with mice dung and powder of Bees do this for thirty days If all the former fail bath with a decoction of Bur-dock roots made with a Lixivium of Salt of Tartar two parts and muskadel one part immediately applying this Unguent take Thapsi or Turbeth one drachm in powder bears griese one ounce mix them which use for sixty days if this make not the hair come the defect is incurable IV. To take away hair from places where it should not grow Take Quicklime four ounces Auripigmentum one ounce and a half Sulphur vive Nitre of each half an ounce Lixivium of Salt of Tartar a quart mix and boil all so long in a glazed earthen pot till putting a quill therein all the feathers peel off and it is done First soment the place with warm water a little before you use the aforesaid medicine a quarter of an hour after wash with very hot water then anoint with the aforesaid Unguent and in a quarter of an hour it will do the work when the hairs are faln away remember to anoint with oil of Roses now to keep them from ever growing again anoint for some days with an ointment made of the juices of Henbane and Nightshade Opium and Hogs griese V. To make the hair curl Wash the hair very well with a Lixivium of Quick-lime then dry it very well that done anoint it with oil of Myrtles or oil Omphacine and powder it well with sweet powder putting it up every night under a cap if the party be naturally of a cold and moist constitution the washing anointing and powdring must be perpetually used once or twice a week during life the hair being put up every night VI. To make hair lank and flag that curls too much Anoint the hair throughly twice or thrice a week with oil of Lillies Roses or Marsh mallows combing it after it very well VII To make the hair grow long and seft Distill Hogs griese or oil Olive in an Alembick with the oil that comes there-from anoint

encreased so the purple colour shall be either lighter or deeper XIV A few Grains of Cochenele being mixed with the Lixivium of Quicklime in a due proportion makes a fading purple colour of the greatest glory imaginable in the world XV. The juice of privet berries with spirit of salt is turned into a lovely red but with a strong solution of pot ashes into a delightful green XVI Upon things red by nature as syrup of Clove-gilliflowers juice of Buckthorn berries infusion of red roses Brazil c. Spirit of Salt makes no considerable change but rather a lighter red but other salts turn them into a greenish especially juice of buckthorn berries XVII Juice of Jasmin and snow drops by a strong alcalizate solution was although of no colour turned into a deep greenish yellow XVIII Buckthorn berries being gathered green and dried are called sap-berries which being infused in Alom water gives a fair yellow which is used by Book-binders for the edges of their books and to colour leather also being gathered when they are black they are called sap green and make a green colour being put into a brass or copper vessel for three or four days or a little heated upon the fire and mixed with Alom in powder and pressed forth so put into bladders hanging it up till it is dry And being gathered about the end of November when they are ready to drop they yield a purplish colour XIX Tincture of Cochenele diluted never so much with fair water will never yield a yellow colour a single drop of a deep solution in spirit of Urine diluted in an ounce of fair water makes a fair pink or carnation XX. Oyl or spirit of Turpentine digested with pure white Sugar of lead yields in a short time a high red tincture which Chymists call Balsamum Saturni XXI Spirit of Salt dropt into a strong infusion of Cochenele or juice of black cherries makes immediately a fair red but dropt into the Infusion of Brazil a kind of yellow so the filtrated tincture of Balaustins mixed with good spirit of Urine or the like turns of a darkish green but with spirit of salt a high redness like rich Claret wine which glorious colour may in a moment be destroyed and turned into a dirty green by spirit of Urine XXII A high Infusion of Lignum Nephriticum mixed with spirit of Urine gives so deep a blew as to make the liquor opacous which after a day or two vanishes and leaves the liquor of a bright amber colour Where note that instead of Spirit of Vrine you may use oyl of Tartar or a strong solution of pot ashes XXIII Infusion of Logwood in fair water mixt with spirit of Sal Armoniack straight turns into a deep rich lovely purple two or three drops to a spoonsul is enough lest the colour be so deep as to be opacous XXIV Spirit of Sal Armoniack will turn syrup of Violets to a lovely green XXV Infusion of Litmoss in fair water gives in a clear glass a purple colour but by addition of spirit of Salt it will be wholly changed into a glorious yellow XXVI The Infusions and juices of several plants will be much altered by a solution of Lead in spirit of Vinegar it will turn infusion of red rose leaves into a sad green XXVII So Tincture of red roses in fair water would be turned into a thick green with the solution of Minium in spirit of Vinegar and then with the addition of oyl of Vitriol the resolved Lead would precipitate white leaving the liquor of a clear high red colour again XXVIII We have not yet found that to exhibit strong variety of colours there need be imployed any more than these five White Black Red Blew Yellow for these being variously compounded and decompounded exhibit a variety and number of colours such as those who are strangers to painting can hardly imagine XXIX So Black and White variously mixed make a vast company of light and deep Grays Blew and Yellow many Greens Red and Yellow Orange-tawnies Red and White Carnations Red and Blew Purples c. producing many colours for which we want names XXX Acid salts destroy a blew Colour Sulphurous Urinous or fixed restore it XXXI Acid and Alcalizate salts with many bodies that abound with Sulphureous or oyly parts will produce a red as is manifest in the Tincture of Sulphur made with Lixioiums of Calcined Tartar or pot ashes XXXII Lastly it may be worth tryal since it hath succeeded in some experiments so to take away the colour of a Liquor as that it may be colourless which in what we have tryed was thus first by putting into the Tincture Liquor or juice a quantity of the solution of pot ashes or oyl of Tartar per deliquium and then affusing a good or strong solution of Alom which in our observations precipitated the tinging matter or gathered it into one body like as it were curds and so left the Liquor transparent and clear as Crystal CHAP. XXII General Experimental observations of Mineral Colours I. SVblimate dissolved in fair water and mixed with a little spirit of Urine makes a milk white mixture in a moment which by addition of Aqua Fortis immediately again becomes transparent II. If Sublimate two ounces and Tin-glass one ounce be sublimed together you will have a sublimate not inferiour to the best orient Pearls in the world III. Silver dissolved in Aqua fortis and evaporated to dryness and fair water poured two or three times thereon and evaporated till the calx is dry leaves it of a Snow whiteness which rubbed upon the skin wetted with spittle water or the like produces a deep blackness not to be obliterated in some days With this Ivory hair and horns may be dyed in fair water of a lasting black IV. Coral dissolved by oyl of vitriol Sulphur or spirit of Vinegar and precipitated by oyl of Tartar yields a Snow whiteness The same of crude Lead and Quicksilver dissolved in Aqua Fortis So butter of Antimony rectified by bare affusion in much fair water will though Unctuous be precipitated into the Sn●w white powder which being washed from its corrosive salts is called Mercurius Vitae the like of which may be made without the addition of any Mercury at all V. Mercury Sublimate and precipitate yields with the spirit of Urine Harts horn or the like a white precipitate but with the solution of Pot ashes or other Lixiviate salts an Orange tawny And if on a filtrated solution of Vitriol you put the solution of a fixed salt there will subside a copious substance far from whiteness which Chymists call the Sulphur of Vitriol VI. If Copper two ounces be mixed with Tin one ounce the reddishness will vanish and if Arsenick calcined with Nitre in a just proportion be mixed with melted Copper it will be blanched both within and without VII Fine powders of blew Bice and yellow Orpiment slightly mixed give a good green and a high yellow solution of

good Gold in Aqua regia mixed with a due quantity of a deep blew solution of crude Copper in strong spirit of Urine produces a transparent green And so blew and yellow Amel fused together in the flame of a Lamp being strongly blowed on without ceasing produces at length a green colour VIII An urinous salt largely put into the dissolution of blew Vitriol in fair water turn'd the liquor and corpuscles which resided into a yellowish colour like yellow Oker IX Verdigriese ground with salt Armoniack and the like digested for a while in a dunghil makes a glorious blew X. The true glass of Antimony extracted with acid spirits with or without Wine yields a red tincture XI Balsam of Sulphur of a deep red in the glass shaked about or dropt on paper give a yellow stain XII If Brimstone and Sal Armoniack in powder of each five ounces be mixed with quick-lime in powder six ounces and distilled in a Retort in sand by degrees you will have a volatil spirit of Sulphur of excellent redness though none of the ingredients be so So also oyl of Anniseeds mixed with oyl of Vi●riol gives in a trice a blood red colour which soon decays XIII Fine silver dissolved in Aqua fortis and precipitated with spirit of Salt upon the first decanting the liquor the remaining matter will be purely white but lying uncovered what is subject to the ambient air will lose its whiteness XIV Sublimate dissolved in a quantity of water and filtred till it is as clear as Crystal mixed in a Venice glass with good oyl of Tartar per deliquium filtred three or four drops to a spoonful yields an opacous liquor of a deep Orange colour after which if four or five drops of Oyl of Vitriol be dropt in and the glass straight way be strongly shaked the whole liquor will to admiration be colourless without sediment And if the filtred solution of sublimed Sal-armoniack and Sublimate of each alike be mixt with the solution of an Alcaly it will be white XV. Spirit of Sal Armoniack makes the solution of Verdigriese an excellent Azure but it makes the solution of Sublimate yield a white precipitate XVI So the solution of filings of Copper in spirit of Urine made by fermentation gives a lovely Azure colour which with oyl of Vitriol a few drops to a spoonful is deprived in a trice of the same and makes it like fair water And so a solution of Verdigriese in fair water mixed with strong Spirit of Salt or dephlegmed Aqua fortis makes the greenness almost totally to disappear XVII Quick-filver mixed with three or four times its weight of good oyl of Vitriol and the oyl drawn off in sand through a glass Retort leaves a snow white precipitate which by affusion of fair water becomes one of the loveliest light yellows in the world and a durable colour XVIII Tin calcined per se by fire affords a very white calx called putty Lead a red powder called Minium Copper a dark or blackish powder Iron a dirty yellowish colour called Crocus Martis and Mercury a red powder XIX Gold dissolved in Aqua Regia ennobles the Menstruum with its own colour Silver Coyn dissolved in Aqua fortis yields a tincture like that of Copper but fine silver a kind of faint blewishness Copper dissolved in spirit of Sugar drawn off in a glass Retort or in oyl or spirit of Turpentine affords a green tincture but in Aqua fortis a blew XX. Vermilion is made of Mercury and Brimstone sublimed together in a due proportion XXI Glass may have given to it a lovely golden colour with Quick silver but it is now coloured yellow generally with Calx of silver yet shell silver such as is used with pen or pencil mixed with a convenient proportion of powdered glass in three or four hours fusion gave a lovely Saferine blew XXII Glass is tinged Green by the Glass-men with the Calx of Venus which Calx mixed with an hundred times its weight of fair glass gave in fusion a blew coloured mass XXIII Putty which is Tin calcined as it is white of it self so it turns the purer sort of glass metal into a white mass which when opacous enough serves for white Amel. XXIV This White Amel is as it were the Basis of all those fine Concretes that Gold-smiths and several Artificers use in the curious art of Enamcling for this white and fuseable substance will receive into it self without spoiling them the colours of divers other Mineral substances which like it will endure the fire XXV Glass is also tinged blew with the dark mineral called Zaffora and with Manganess or Magnessia in a certain proportion which will tinge glass of a red Colour and also of a Purplish or Murry and with a greater quantity into that deep colour which passes for black XXVI Yellow Orpiment sublimed with Sea Salt yields a white and Crystalline Arsenick which Arsenick coloured with pure Nitre being duly added to Copper when 't is in fusion gives it a whiteness both within and without XXVII So Lapis Calaminaris turns Copper into Brass XXVIII And Zink duly mixed with Copper when 't is in fusion gives it the noblest golden colour that was ever seen in the best gold XXIX Copper dissolved in Aqua fortis will imbuc several bodies of the colour of the solution XXX Lastly Gold dissolved in Aqua Regia will though not commonly known dye Horns Ivories and other bones of a durable purple colour And the Crystals of Silver made with Aqua fortis though they appear white will presently dye the Skin Nails Hair Horn and Bones with a Black not to be washed off CHAP. XXIX Of Metals I. TO barden Quick-silver Cast your Lead separated from its dross into a vessel and when it begins to cool thrust in the point of a stick which take out again and cast in the Argent Vive and it will congeal then beat it in a mortar and do so often when it is hard melt it often and put it into fair water doing it so long till it is hard enough and may be hammered II. To tinge Quick-silver of the colour of gold Break it into small pieces being hardned which put into a crucible with the powder of Cadmia stratum super stratum mixed with pomegranate peels Turmerick beaten fine and Raisons cover the crucible and lute it well dry it well and then set it on a fire for six or seven hours that it may be red hot then blow it with bellows till it run which then let cool whilest covered with coles and it will have the colour of gold III. To fix Quick-silver being hardned This is done with fine powder of Crystal glass laid with the metal stratum super stratum in a crucible covered and luted heating it all over red hot and then melting of it IV. To make Quick-silver malleable First harden it by the first Section then break the metal into small pieces and boil it a quarter of

to bed The Pomatum we have taught the way to make in our Synopsis Medicinae lib. 3. cap. 58. Sect. 2. III. A water to cleanse the face from Scurfe and Morphew Take distilled rain water six ounces juice of Limons twelve ounces mix them and wash with it morning and evening anointing after it at night going to bed with the oil or Pomatum aforesaid IV. An Vnguent which brings the skin to an exquisite beauty Take of our Pomatum one ounce Salt of Tartar one drachm Musk twenty grains mix them well and the face or skin being very clean anoint morning and evening V. A wonderful Cosmetick of great worth Take white Tartar twenty ounces Talk Salt of each ten ounces calcine them in a potters furnace very well then grinding the matter upon a marble put it into Hippocrates his sleeve and set it in a Cellar or other moist place for twenty or thirty dayes and there will drop from it a precious oil which being rubbed upon the skin softly with a linnen cloth the skin being duly cleansed first takes away all kind of spots and makes the skin soft and delicate VI. A cheap yet excellent Cosmetick Take Alom in fine powder and shake it with whites of new laid eggs being a little heated till such time as they grow thick to an ointment with which anoint the face morning and evening three or four days and it will take away spots and wrinkles and make the skin grow clear and fair VII An excellent Mercurial Cosmetick prevalent against most deformities of the skin Take Mercury purified from all blackness half a pound Mercury Sublimate in powder as much mix them in a stone or marble mortar put them into an Alembick of a straight Orifice put on distilled Vinegar till all be covered three or four fingers letting it stand four dayes daily stirring the same at certain times then it extracts a whitish powder the whitish Vinegar by inclination separate rejecting it and put on other Vinegar the powder at bottom keep so for some days which labour you must so often reiterate till you have abundance of that white powder which dry and keep for use anoint with it by mixing with it a little distilled rain water and it will take away all blemishes of the skin as also Tetters Use it not too often and beware you touch neither eyes nor teeth with it VIII Another of great estimation Take Mercury Sublimate Saccharum Saturni of each two drachms Rose water juice of Limons of each two ounces mix them like to an ointment with which anoint gently at night and the next morning with the Pomatum aforesaid IX To make a kind of Lac Virginis an excellent Cosmetick Take distilled rain water a quart Saccharum Saturni crystallized one ounce mix them and then wash with the water being settled the fine white powder at bottom is also an excellent fucus or paint which may be laid upon the skin if very clear note some use Vinegar instead of the rain water X. To make Oleum Tartari per deliquium Take Salt of Tartar which put into a bag with a corner in a moist Cellar and the oil will distil therefrom in drops with this oil you may mix a little fair water and wash your face at night going to bed and the next morning the face being very clean you may wash with the aforesaid Lac Virginis thus continuing for some days you may create an exquisite and lasting beauty XI A compound Cosmetick esteemed by some of great force Take of the aforesaid Lac Virginis one ounce oil of Tartar aforesaid half an ounce mix them with which wash morning and night for about a week or more as you shall see occasion then anoint with the following ointment XII To make the Cosmetick Ointment aforesaid Take Musk three drachms Ambergriese two drachms Civit one drachm grind them upon a porphyre or marble stone with oil of Ben and Rhodium of each three ounces with which anoint as aforesaid note some instead of the oil of Ben use oil of sweet Almonds XIII A vegetable Cosmetick Besmear your face or skin at night going to bed with the juice of Wake Robin it is excellent XVI An incomparable Cosmetick of Pearl Dissolve Pearls in juice of Limons or distilled Vinegar which digest in Horse-dung till they send forth a clear oil which will swim on the top this is one of the most excellent Cosmeticks or Beautifiers in the world this oil if well prepared is richly worth seven pound an ounce XV. A Cosmetick ointment of great worth Take of our Pomatum aforesaid six ounces Saccharum Saturni two ounces mix them and anoint morning and evening XVI Another very good for the skin Mix Saccharum Saturni one drachm in Vinegar half an ounce which mingle with the glair of eggs and anoint with it XVII A Cosmetick wonderful to make a pleasing ruddy complexion Take oil of Tartar four ounces Alom Sal Gem of each one ounce Borax Camphire of each half an ounce beat them well together to which add of Briony water a pint distil them in balneo and you will have your desire XVIII Another for the same Take Madder Myrrh Saffron Frankincense of each a like bruise and steep all in White-wine with which anoint the face going to bed and in the morning wash it off and the skin will have a gallant pleasing blush XIX To make the Cosmetick of Myrrh very excellent Boil eggs till they are hard slit them and take out the yolks fill them up with powdred myrrh close them together and lay them in a moist Cellar and the myrrh will dissolve into oyl XX. To make a very good Wash to whiten the skin and give a good complexion Take Limons hens eggs boiled of each twelve Turpentine eight ounces distil all in Balneo Mariae with which wash when you wash you may drop into it a drop two or three of oil of Oranges or Cinamon for fragrancy sake XXI A Cosmetick to make a rough skin smooth Take sweet Almonds blanched four pound moisten them with spirit of wine and rose water mixt together of each two ounces beat them together and try them and when they begin to smoak put them into a bag and press them in a press made for that purpose and there will come forth a very clear oil which put into rain water and beat it till it is exceeding white CHAP. XXXVIII Of Cosmeticks which remedy the various Vices of the skin I. TO take away Sun-burnings To glair of ten eggs put Sugar-candy one ounce and anoint with it going to bed or anoint with the juice of Sow-bread at night going to bed in the morning with oil Omphacine The like effects hath our Lac Virginis at the ninth Section of the seven and thirtieth Chapter as also Oleum Tartari and other things of like nature II. To take away redness and Pimples First prepare the skin by bathing it often with the decoction of wheat-bran and applying pultisses of bread milk and

one ounce Labdanum half an ounce Mace Cloves Cinnamon Sanders Lignum Aloes of each one ounce Spikenard one ounce all being grosly beaten digest a month then in a glass retort distil in Balneo XII The twelfth sweet water called Aqua Moschata Take spirit of Wine two pound Musk three scruples Amber two scruples Civet one scruple digest in the Sun twenty days close stopped in a glass vessel a drop of this water put into any other liquor will very perfume it So may you extract the scent out of sweet Flowers with this difference that they lie but a little while because their earthy substance will make the spirit ill-favoured CHAP. XLV Of Perfuming Oils I. TO make Perfuming Oils by infusion II. This is taught fully at the fifth Section of the three and fortieth Chapter aforegoing II. To make Oleum Imperiale Take Ambergriese four drachms Storax Calamita eight ounces Rose-water Oleum Rosatum of each two pound Oil of Cinnamon and Cloves of each half a drachm put all into a glass and digest in horse dung twenty days this done gently boil all for a quarter of an hour which then let cool with a spoon take off the Oil which swims a top to which put of Musk and Zibet of each two drachms digest all in a gentle heat for twenty days and keep it for use Where note the Amber and Storax at bottom will serve to make sweet balls of to lay among cloaths or beads to carry in ones hands or for a perfume to burn III. To make Oil of Cinnamon Digest Cinnamon grossy bruised in spirit of Wine sharpned with oil of Salt in a glass vessel with a blind head closely luted in a gentle heat for ten days then distil in an Alembick as we have more at large taught in our Synopsis Medicinae lib. 3. cap. 47. Sect. 1. it is a wonderful Perfume the most fragrant and pleasant of all Oils as well in tast as smell the use of it will certainly take away a stinking Breath IV. To make Oil of Roses called adeps Rosarum Take Damask Roses pickle them with Bay salt and after three months with a large quantity of water distil in ashes with a gentle fire so have you Oil and Spirit or water which keep for other distillations Weckerus hath it thus Rosarum folia in umbra aliquandiu asservata in matula vitrea magna ponuntur cujus sit fundus latus ad dimidium vas impletur indè affunditur ipsis Rosarum foliis tantum aquae rosaceae stillatitiae quantum satis fuerit ut optimè madeant appositóque pileo vitreo caeco stipatisque optimè rimis cera gummata quindecim diebus equino fimo macerantur sic tamen ut mutato cùm frigescere coeperit fimo calor aequalis servetur Apposito mox matulae rostrato pileo igne moderato cinerum aqua omnis elicitur quae rursus in eadem matula optime priùs à foecibus mundata ablutáque ponitur calentis aquae balneo lentissimo igne elicitur dum tota in vas recipiens abeat Nam in fundo matulae remanebit oleum rosarum colore rubrum perspicuum Moschi odore suaviter fragrans This is the greatest of all vegetable perfumes and of an inestimable value V. To make Oil of Calamus Aromaticus It is made as oil of Cinnamon it is a very great perfume helps a stinking breath vomiting weak memory c. VI. To make Oil of Rhodium It is made as oil of Cinnamon is a very excellent perfume good for the head breath and the senses VII To make Oil of Indian Spicknard By infusion it is made by the first Section by distillation as oil of Cinnamon It is an eminent Perfume VIII To make Oil of Benjamin Take Benjamin six ounces in powder which dissolve in oil of Tartar and Aqua Rosarum of each one pound which distil with a close pipe in an Alembick So is made oil of Storax and Labdanum IX To make oil of Storax compound Take oil of Ben or sweet Almonds one pound Storax grosly beaten four ounces Benjamin Cloves of each two ounces digest till the Gums are melted over hot coals then press out the oil diligently CHAP. XLVI Of Perfuming Essences I. THe way to extract Essences is somewhat difficult viz by Distillation Calcination Digestion or Menstruum II. If by Menstruum use not a watry one for a watry essence nor an oily one for an oily essence because being of like natures they are not easily separated but on the contrary chuse an oily Menstruum for a watry essence and a watry Menstruum for an oily essence III. If the essence of any metal be to be extracted by a corrosive menstruum after the work is done separate the salts from the waters and use only those salts which will be easily taken out again Vitriol and Alom are very difficult to be separated by reason of their earthy substance IV. To extract the essence out of Musk Ambergriese Civet and other Spices or Aromaticks Mix the perfume with oil of Ben which in a glass bottle set in the Sun or Sand for ten days then strain it from the dregs and the essence will be imbibed in the oil Then take spirit of Wine and distilled fountain water which mix with the said oil and digest for six days then distil in sand so will the essence and water ascend the oil remaining at bottom without any scent that essence and water distil in Balnce in a glass vessel till the water be come off and leave the essence in the bottom in the form of oil V. Another way to do the same Infuse the matter in spirit of Wine a sufficient quantity digest and ferment for ten days then distil in sand as long as any water will come over but have a care of buring which distilled Liquor draw off in Balneo with a very gentle heat and the quintessence will be left in the bottom of a liquid form VI. To extract the essence our of Herbs and Flowers as of Sweet Majoram Basil Orange-flowers Jasemin c. Bruise the matter and put it into a glass vessel to ferment in Horse-dung for a month then distil in Balneo set it in dung for a week again and distil in Balneo again which reiterate so long as it will yield any liquor put the distilled matter upon the Caput mortuum distilling thus for six days draw off the water in Balneo and the essence remaining express in a press which being a week fermented in dung will yield the perfect scent colour and vertues of the matter desired VII To extract the essence out of Salts Calcine the Salt and grind it very small then lay it upon a marble in a moist Cellar setting under it a pan to receive the dissolution therein let it ferment for a month then with a gentle fire distil in Balneo cast away the insipid water which comes from it and set that which remains in the bottom to ferment another month then distil

Soap Take of the aforesaid Lixivium or oil of Tartar per deliquium twelve pound oil Olive three pound mix them Amylum two pound Roman Vitriol one ounce in powder Glair of eggs two ounces put all together and stir continually for four hours time then let it stand the space of a day and it is done You may perfume it as before this makes the hair fair VI. Another exceeding the former Take Crown-soap Vine-ashes of each one pound make it into Cakes with powder of Roch Alom and Tartar of each alike which you may perfume at pleasure VII To get the juice or milk of Macaleb Take the sweet and odoriferous grains of Macaleb which beat in a mortar with Rose water or some perfuming water till it becomes like pap then press out the juice or milk which use within two or three days lest it spoil CHAP. LIV. Of Burning Perfumes I. TO make perfumed lights Take Olibanum two ounces Camphire one ounce beat them into powder of which make with wax balls or rouls which put into a glass lamp with Rose water and lighted with a candle will give a fair light and a very good scent II. Another for a Lamp Take sweet oil Olive one pound Benjamin Storax in powder one ounce Musk Ambergriese of each one scruple mix all with the oil which put into a lamp to burn and the oil will yield a fragrant odour III. To make perfumed Candles Take Labdanum Myrrh Xyloaloes Styrax calamita of each one ounce and a half Willow Charcoal one ounce Ambergriese Musk of each ten grains make them into paste with mucilage of Gum Tragacamb in Rose water which make into rouls like Candles and dry for use IV. A perfume to smoak and burn Take Labdanum two ounces Storax one ounce Benjamin Cloves Mace of each half an ounce Musk Civet of each ten grains all in fine powder make up into cakes with mucilage of gum Tragacanth in Rose water which dry and keep among your cloaths which when occasion requires you may burn in a chafing-dish of coals V. Another smoaking perfume to burn Take Labdanum two drachms Storax one drachm Benjamin Frankincense white Amber Xylo-aloes of each two scruples Ambergriese Musk of each five grains make all into Cakes as aforesaid VI. Another very excellent Take Storax Benjamin of each one ounce wood of Aloes half an ounce Ambergriese Musk Civet Balsam of Peru oil of Rhodium of each two scruples Ivory burnt black a sufficient quantity powder what is to be powdred and mix all together which make into a paste with the Ivory black and the mucilage aforesaid make little cakes and dry them which keep in glasses close stopt for use VII Another very good but of less cost Take Olibanum one pound Storax Calamita and Liquida of each eight ounces Labdanum six ounces Willow charcoal a sufficient quantity with mucilage of Tragacanth make a paste as aforesaid CHAP. LV. Of Animal and Mineral Perfumes I. THe Animal Perfume of Paracelsus Take Cow-dung in the month of May or June and distil it in Balneo and the water thereof will be an excellent perfume and have the scent of Ambergriese See our Synopsis Medicinae lib. 3. cap. 75. Sect. 5. II. Lard muskified a great perfume Take hogs lard very pure one drachm Musk Civet of each half a drachm mix them well for boxes III. The Mineral Perfume of Antimony Dissolve Antimony in oil of Flints Crystal or Sand coagulate the solution into a red mass put thereon Spirit of Wine and digest till the Spirit is tinged pour it off and put on more till all the tincture is extracted put all the tinctures together and evaporate the Spirit of Urine in Balneo and there will remain a blood-red liquor at bottom upon which put Spirit of Wine and you shall extract a very pure tincture smelling like Garlick digest it a month and it will smell like Balm digest it a while longer and it will smell like Musk or Ambergriese Besides being a perfume it is an excellent sudorifick and cures the Plague Feavers Lues Venerea c. IV. After the same manner you may make as substantial a perfume of Sulphur or Brimstone The making of the oil of Flints we have taught at the seven and fiftieth Section of the nine and twentieth Chapter of the third Book CHAP. LVI Of the Adulteration of Musk Civet and Ambergriese BY reason that these choice Perfumes are often adulterated or counterfeited we shall do our endeavour to discover the cheat lest any being deceived thereby should suffer loss I. Musk is often adulterated by mixing Nutmegs Mace Cinnamon Cloves Spicknard of each alike in a fine or impalpable powder with warm blood of Pidgeons and then dryed in the Sun then beaten again and moistened with Musk water drying and repeating the same work eight or ten times adding at last a quarter part of pure Musk by moistening and mixing with Musk water then dividing the mass into several parts and rouling them in the hair of a goat which grows under his tail II. Others adulterate it thus By filling the Musk cods with Goats blood and a little toasted bread mixed with a quarter part of Musk well beaten together The cheat is discerned by the brightness of the Goats blood III. Or thus Take Storax Labdanum powder of Xylo-aloes of each four ounces Musk and Civet of each half an ounce mix all together with Rose water The cheat is discerned by its easie dissolving in water and its different colour and scent IV. Or thus Take Goats blood powder of Angelica roots Musk of each alike make a mixture V. To adulterate Civet Mix with it the Gall of an Oxe and Storax liquefied and washed or you may adulterate it by the addition of Honey of Crete VI. To restore the lost scent to Musk or Ambergriese This is done by hanging it some time in a Jakes or house of Office for by these ill scents its innate vertue and odour is excited and revived CHAP. LVII Of the way of Perfuming Cloth Skins Gloves and the like I. TO Perfume Skins or Gloves Put a little Civet thereon here and there if Gloves along the seams then wash in Rose or musked water four or five times or so long as that they savour no more of the leather pressing them hard every time then lay them in a platter covered with the said water mixed with powder of Cypress a day or two take them out press them and dry them in the shadow being half dry besmear them a little with Civet mix'd with oil of Jasemin or Ben on the inward side chafing them with your hands before a fire till you think that the Civet hath pierced or gone through the leather leaving them so a day or more then rub with a Cloth that the Gloves or Leather may grow soft leaving them so till they are almost dry being drawn and stretched out then hold them over some burning Perfume to dry and wetting them again with Musk water do thus