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A09654
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The first set of madrigals and pastorals of 3. 4 and 5. parts. Newly composed by Francis Pilkington, Batchelor of Musicke and lutenist, and one of the Cathedrall Church of Christ and blessed Mary the Virgin in Chester; Madrigals and pastorals. Set 1
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Pilkington, Francis, d. 1638.
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1614
(1614)
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STC 19923; ESTC S110423
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2,464,998
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120
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shanke of a swine they gape alwaies toward the coast which is cleare and neuer doe they hunt for their food but they yawne at least a foot wide Teeth there bee growing round about the edges of a shell and those stand thicke together and when they shut or close their shels the foresaid teeth run one betweene another in manner of a combe In stead of a callositie within they haue a great lumpe of flesh As for the fish Hyaena I my selfe haue seen one of them taken in the Island Aenaria which vsed to put forth and draw in his head at his pleasure Thus much of Fishes worth the naming For besides these I am not ignorant that there be other base excrements that the sea voideth and purgeth which I hold to be very vnfit and not worthy to be ranged among Fishes and liuing creatures but rather to be reckoned as Kilpes Reike and other sea weeds THE XXXIII BOOKE OF THE HISTORIE OF NATVRE WRITTEN BY C. PLINIVS SECVNDVS Of Mettals and Minerals and their natures The Proem NOw is it time to enter into the discourse of the Mettals and Minerals the very riches and precious treasure of the World which men so curiously and carefully seeke after as that they sticke not to search into the very bowels of the earth by all the meanes they can deuise for some you shall haue to enrich themselues for to dig into the ground for mines of gold and siluer base mettall Electrum Copper and Brasse others againe vpon a desire of daintie delights and brauerie to lay for gems and precious stones for such Minerals I say which may serue partly to adorne their fingers and partly to set out the walls of sumptuous buildings with costly colours rich marble and porphyries Lastly there bee many who maintaine rash quarrels and audacious attempts spare for no labour to get yron and steele and esteeming it better than gold for cruell warres and bloudie murthers In summe there is not a vaine in the whole earth but wee prie and search into it we follow it also so farre as it goeth Thus hauing vndermined the poore ground wee liue and goe alost vpon it as ouer hollow vaults and arches vnder our feet and yet we would seeme to wonder that otherwhiles she cleaueth asunder into wide and gaping chinkes or else trembleth and quaketh againe and wee will not see how these be apparant signes of the wrath of this our blessed mother which we bring and force from her to expresse the indignation that she taketh for this wrong and misusage We descend into her intrailes we goe downe as far as to the seat and habitation of the infernall spirits and all to meet with rich treasure as if the earth were not fruitfull ynough and beneficiall vnto vs in the vpper part thereof where the permitteth vs to walke and tread vpon her Howbeit in all this paines that wee take to ransacke the mines therof the least matter of all other is to seeke for any thing that concerneth Physick and the regiment of our health For among so many masters as there be of mines where is there one that would be at such expence of digging in regard of any medicines And yet I must needs say that as the earth otherwise is no niggard but bounteous and liberall readie also and easily entreated to bring forth all things good and profitable for vs so in this behalfe she hath furnished vs sufficiently with wholesome drougs and medicinable simples growing aboue and fit for our hand without need of digging deepe for the matter But the things that shee hath hidden and plunged as it were into the bottome those be they that presse vs downe those driue and send vs to the diuell in hell euen those dead creatures I say which haue no life nor doe grow at all In such sort as to consider the thing aright and not to captivat our spirits to such base matters How farre thinke wee will couetous minded men pierce and enter ino earth or when will they make an end of these mines hollowing the ground as they doe in all ages from time to time and making it void and emptie Oh how innocent a life how happy and blessed nay how pleasant a life might we lead if we coueted nothing else but that which is aboue the ground and in one word if we stood contented with that which is ready at hand and euen about vs. But now not sufficed with the gold which we fetch out of the mines we must seeke for the greene earth Borras also which lieth hard by yea and giue it a name respectiue vnto gold whereby it might be thought more deare and pretious For why we thought not the inuention and finding out of gold alone to be enough for to infect and corrupt our hearts vnlesse we made great account also of that vile and base minerall which is the very ordure of gold and no better Men vpon a couetous mind would needs seeke for siluer and not satisfied therwith thought good withall to find out Minerall vermilion deuising meanes how to vse that kind of red earth Oh the monstrous inuentions of mans wit What a number of waies haue we found to enhaunce the price and value of euery thing for painters of the one side with their artificiall painting and enameling the grauers on the other side with their curious cutting and chasing haue made both gold and siluer the dearer by their workemanship such is the audacitie of man that hee hath learned to counterfeit Nature yea and is so bold as to challenge her in her workes And wherein is the art and cunning of these artificers so much seene as in the workemanship of such pourtraitures vpon their gold and siluer plate which might incite and prouoke men to all kind of vices for in processe of time we tooke pleasure to haue our drinking boles and goblets engrauen all ouer with those workes which represent lust and want onnesse and our delight was to drinke out of such beastly cups which might put vs in mind of sinfull and filthy lecherie but afterwards these cups also were cast aside and laid away men began to make but base account of them gold and siluer was so plentifull and common that we had too much thereof What did we then Forsooth we digged into the same earth for Cassidonie and Crystall and we loued to haue our cups and other vessels of such brittle minerals and the more precious we held them as they were more subject to breaking so as now adaies hee is thought to haue his house most richly furnished who hath his cupbourds best stored with this ticklish ware and the most glorious shew that we can make of excesse and superfluitie is this To haue that which the least knocke may breake and being once broken the pieces thereof might be worth nothing Neither is this all for stay we cannot here we are not yet at cost enough vnlesse we may drinke out of a deale of
Finally to wash the mouth with wine before one goeth to bed for a sweet breath likewise so soon as he is vp betimes with cold water against the tooth-ach so as he do it three or fiue times together or at least-wise obseruing such an odde number as also to bath the eies in a morning with Oxycrat i with vineger and water mingled together to preserue them for being bleared are singular and approoued experiments CHAP. V. ¶ Obseruations as touching Diet and the manner of our feeding for the regiment of Health LIke to the former rules is this also as touching our Diet That it be not too precise but so as we may feed indifferently of all viands and acquaint our bodies with variety of meats which is obserued to be the best way to maintain our health and in very truth Hippocrates saith That to eat but one meale a day i to forbeare dinners is a diet that will drie vp a mans body within and bring them soon to age and decay But this aphorism of his he pronounced as a Physitian to reclaim vs from that hungry and sparing diet and not as a patron and maintainer of full feeding and gourmandise for I assure you a temperat and moderate vse of our meats is the wholsomest thing that is for our bodily health But L. Lucullus was so strict herein that hee suffered himselfe to be ordered and ouer-ruled by his owne seruant who would not let him eat but as he thought good in such sort that it was no small disgrace vnto him in his later daies thus to make his man his master and to be gouerned by him rather than by his own selfe for was it not think you an approbrious and shamefull sight to see a slaue and no better to put his lords hands from a dish of meat beeing an aged gentleman as he was and who in times past had rode in triumph to gage him thus I say and keep him short though hee were set amongst great states at a roiall feast within the capitoll of Rome CHAP. VI. ¶ Of Sneezing the vse of Venerie and other means which concerne mans health SNeezing dischargeth the heauinesse of the head and easeth the pose or rheum that stuffeth the nose and it is commonly said That if one lay his mouth to the nosthrils of a mouse or rat and touch the same it wil do as much To sneeze also is a ready way to be rid of the yex or hicquet And Varro giueth counsell to scrape a branch of a Date tree with one hand after another by turnes for to stay the said hicquet But most Physitians giue direction in this case to shift a ring from the left hand to the longest finger of the right or to plunge both hands into very hot water Theophrastus saith that old men doe sneeze with more paine and difficulty than others As touching carnall knowledge of man and woman Democritus vtterly condemned it and why so Because quoth he in that act one man goeth out of another And to say a truth the lesse one vseth it the better it is for body and mind both and yet onr professed wrestlers runners and such gamsters at feats of actiuity when they feele themselues heauy or dul reuiue and recouer their liuely spirits again by keeping company with women Also this exercise clenseth the brest and helpeth the voice which being sometime before cleare and neat was now become hoarse and rusty Moreouer the temperat sports of Venus easeth the pain of the reins and loins mundifie and quicken the eiesight and be singular good for such as be troubled in mind and giuen ouermuch to melancholy Moreouer it is held for witchcraft to sit by women in trauell or neare vnto a Patient who hath a medicine either giuen inwardly or applied vnto him with hand in hand crosse-fingered one between another the experience whereof was well seene by report when lady Alcmena was in labour to be deliuered of Hercules And the worse is this peece of sorcery in case the party hold the hands thus joined a-crosse one finger within another about one or both knees Also to sit crosse-legged with the ham of one leg riding aloft vpon the knee of the other and that by turns shifting from knee to knee And in very truth our ancestors time out of mind haue expresly forbidden in all councels of State held by princes potentats and Generals of the field to sit hand in hand or crosse-legged for an opinion they haue That this manner of gesture hindereth the proceeding and issue of any act in hand or consulted vpon They gaue out likewise a strait prohibition That no person present at any solemnity of sacrifices or vows making should sit or stand crosse-legged or hand in hand in manner aforesaid As for veiling bonnet before great rulers and magistrats or within their sight Varro saith it was a fashion at first not commanded for any reuerence or honour thereby to be done vnto gouernors but for healths sake and namely that mens heads might be more firm hardy by that ordinary vse and custome of being bare When a mote or any thing els is falne into one eie it is good to shut the other hard If there be water gotten into the right eare the maner is to jump and hop with the left leg bending and inclining the head toward the right shoulder semblably if the like happen to the left eare to do the contrary If one be falne into a fit of coughing the way to stay it is to let the next fellow spit vpon his forehead If the uvula be falne it will vp again if the Patient suffer another to bite the haire in the crown of his head and so to pull him vp plumb from the ground Hath the neck a crick or a pain lying behind what better remedy than to rub the hams Be the hams pained do the like by the nape of the neck say the cramp take either feet or legs plucking stretching the sinewes when one is in bed the next way to be vsed is to set the feet vpon the floore or the ground where the bed standeth or put case the crampe take the left side then be sure with the right hand to catch hold of the great toe of the left foot and contrariwise if the cramp come to the right leg do the like by the right foot If the body fall a shaking and quiuering for cold or if one bleed excessiuely at the nosthrils it is passing good to bind strait and hard the extreame parts to wit hands and legs yea and to plucke the eares also It falleth out oftentimes that one cannot lie dry nor hold his water but it commeth from him euer and anone what is then to be done mary tie the foreskin of his yard with a linnen thred or a papyr rush withall binde his thighs about in the middle If the mouth of the stomacke be ready to turne and will neither receiue nor