will put Laudanum to it then make the same warme as aforesaid fashion your cakes as big as you will haue them For the common people and for the husbandmen the Bay trée is very good or if the country yéeld it Iuniper wood with his berries with drie Hen dung fumed or take powned Wormwood and Bayberries of each a like The rich folkes do vse to lay also with their clothes odoriferous bags for which all the powders that are before mentioned for fumes and hereafter for Pomanders are very good excepting the Laudanum the which is not to be powdered and other mo such soft things This following is very common in France Take Ireos foure ounces Roses two ounces wild Galingall Cloues and Marioram gentle of each two dragms yellow Saunders and Benzoin of each two ounces red Storax halfe an ounce then mingle them all together and put them in a bag If you will you may put thereto Muske and Amber or Camfer In the first part the twelfth chap. you haue also an especiall bag to strengthen the head as thus Take Ireos c. the which is very commodious for this our purpose Also you haue in the second chap. and elsewhere applications for the strengthening of the heart the which are not onely profitable but also very necessarie for this intent What exercise is to be vsed in the Plague §. 6. IN the time of infection the healthie are to exercise themselues moderatly and rather vse an easie walking than a great pace that thereby the venimous ayre may not ouermuch be drawne into the bodie as it hapneth to such as at such times do greatly labour and trauell but when a man abideth in a cleane place void of pestilent ayre and will exercise his body according to his old accustomed manner that cannot but be thought passing good Of the sleepe in this sicknes §. 7. AT such time as the Plague raigneth some think that it is better to sléep by day than by night euen seuen or eight howers long first vpon the right side being méetly well couered and his head raised high But séeing the same is not accustomed with vs then must they eate but little in the euening and sléep the foresaid time of seuen or eight howers But if he could not sléepe a nights then must he about 12. a clocke being 2. howres after his meale compose himselfe to sleepe Others counsel to sléepe a nights in a chamber that is well fumed and close shut but not very long for that through much sleepe the body is too much moistened the which must alwaies be inclined to drouth as much as possibly may be They also forbid sleeping by day and that chiefly in Winter Also you must take héede of excessiue and ouermuch watching for that greatly dryeth and weakeneth nature Of Purging and letting bloud §. 8. CAre must also be had that the bodie be not too much bound and if the going to stoole come of it selfe it is the better if not then must the partie be holpen with suppositories and mild Clisters with Cassie Manna sowre Dates and such like meanes whereof we haue here and there spoken at large but especially in the third part the eleuenth chapter § 20. Other would haue that young cholericke bodies should generally be purged in the summer and in the beginning of winter with the foresaid cooling and laxatiue things and also with yellow Mirobalans boiled with Plum-porredg but in the end of Autumne and in the winter with stronger medicins to wit with Agarick with Turbith and with Polypody but they must be vsed with great héede and discretion Touching letting of bloud When the partie is once purged and aboue sixtéene yeares old being ful of bloud and strong and without any obstruction of the liuer then may he haue a vein opened In like maner also women if their termes and flowers be stopped and if they be without piles in the fundament then may they in May and in Autumne let bloud and if occasion serueth once a moneth to wit in the Liuer veine or Milt veine euery time thrée or foure ounces for this taketh away the boiling of the bloud and the Cholera in the veines Yet for this infection must sometimes one sometimes more be opened but especially that which is fullest of bloud But great regard must as hath bene said be taken of the age and weaknesse of the patient also whether a woman haue conceiued or not or whether she haue her termes or not or haue the Hemmorrhoids or not with many such circumstances more that the weaknes of the party thereby be not augmented Aboue and beside all this must the patient abstaine from venery as much as may be Of the motions of the mind §. 9. NOw concerning the motions of the mind as sadnes feare sodaine motions of the mind such like they do greatly alter and spoile the bloud wherby it may the sooner receiue the pestilent ayre and anger especially inflameth the heart like as also doth ouermuch gladnesse notwithstanding moderate gladnesse is most commodious for the heart Of bathes and other common causes §. 10. AT such times take héede of bathing for that thereby is the body moistened the pores opened and all the members made the readier to receiue the infection of the plague It is therefore very ill done yea a temptation of God in time of the plague to frequent common bathing houses for that the plague can by no meanes be sooner gotten by reason that as well the pores of the infected as the sound are opened whereby the venimous vapor of the infected is let foorth and may easily be receiued of the healthy wherefore it is much better as the custome of this countrey is to refraine wholy from bathing In like manner it is not good at such times to wash the head for therby are the vitall spirits weakened but onely to combe their heads with an Iuorie combe But the hands must often be washt somtimes with wine and otherwhiles with vineger and especially with Rose vineger How one shall gouerne himselfe without doores §. 11. IT is very good that at this time euery man obserue a good diet within dores and not accompanie himselfe with many men for amongst many are as well those that be infected as those that are healthie whereby the diseased infect the healthie with their breath but for that it is vnpossible to forbeare it by reason that euery man hath businesse with others it is therefore best that euery one defend himselfe from all ill ayres Wherefore first we counsel the common sort and men of occupation which cannot beare greater charge to obserue these rules following to wit that he in the morning betimes before he go abroad or settle himselfe to worke take thrée or foure drie Figges thrée or foure kernels of Nuts and fiftéene or sixtéene leaues of Rue with a little salt This composition or medicine is so sure and approued that men haue vsed the same euery where for all
Cantharides therein whereof the head and wings be abated make it smell well with Muscus and Amber and vse it as before Euen as of all outward accidents of the head and the face mention hath bene made before so will we now also speake of all inward diseases and members of the same And first of the Braines The twelfth Chapter The Braines and all that concerneth them LIke as is alreadie alleaged the braines are the vppermost and chiefest of all the inward members of mans bodie a place and abode of the vnderstanding memorie and iudgement the which are shapen and by nature fashioned with many kinds of woonderfull seuerall and proper shapes for they be without bloud without flesh soft and congealed together like as a scum also as marrow moist cold and of themselues insensible where they neuerthelesse through the sinewes do impart and send to all other members the sensiblenesse and motion With this part of the bodie are all beasts indued which haue much or little bloud but most of all men aboue all beasts and the men more than the women the foresaid braines are also moister in man than in any beast Hence do also spring all the sinewes that thence as is specified do spread themselues thorough the backe ouer all the whole bodie strengthening and conioyning it making it moueable and sensible Vnto the braines do also stretch and reach the right beginning of all veines out of the heart and there do they end from thence commeth also sléepe which imparteth rest vnto the whole bodie It is also the second part next to the heart that is formed in the mothers wombe This precious and tender part is also subiect vnto many accidents which bring with them very great inconueniences like as for example if so be that the brains through fals or strokes be annoyed or molested then doth it oftentimes come to passe yea commonly that the patient becommeth mute and dumb like as also in the dead palsey the members are altogether nummed or vtterly lamed and so losse of vnderstanding ensueth But before that we do come to these infirmities we purpose here to admonish that before the description of other diseases of the head those things are not discouered which might be conuenient for the brains as Néesing Treacle Mithridate Eyebright wine conserue of the same and such like With these may be also well annexed all that strengtheneth the braines dryeth the superflous moisture taketh away heate and whatsoeuer might be else But because our whole booke is full with such like things therefore it is the lesse needfull for to write much thereof For to drie the braines FOr to drie and strengthen the braines you haue amongst other many and sundrie remedies When you go to bed swallow down two or three little péeces of Frankinsence this strengtheneth and dryeth the braines maruellous much The smell of Sugar is also very good receiued at the nose Certaine Aromaticall wines which in the last part are described with their operations and other moe as Calmus compounded waters Master Tristrams water are also very good for this vse And especially this following Take Ireos thrée ounces Lauander flowers Rosemarie flowers and the hearbe Rose leaues of each one ounce and a halfe red Styrax Benzuin of each one ounce Nigella prepared Coriander Epithymum Stechas of each one dragm make a powder thereof furre a cap therewith and weare it on the head You shall haue also many moe such like whereas we shall discourse of the giddinesse of the head But if you desire any cooling things for the braines whereto you haue not onely commodious things to lay thereon in the first Chapter and second § but also in other places where we discourse of the Ague and Plague as much as concerneth their vertues and infections of the braines we will begin with that costly treasure of memorie Of the Memorie §. 1. MEmorie is a retaining of acts either heard or séene Or memorie is a comprehension of the things ouerpast the which the mind as present doth kéepe and retaine Item memorie is a retaining establishing and preseruing of matters which haue bene conceiued in the spirit If so be that this memorie be hurt then followeth forgetfulnesse of matters which be past and done And there be two sorts described thereof by the Phisitions The first they do call the greater Lethargus Lethargus the sleeping disease whereof we will speake apart hereafter The other is lesse and without Ague that may in time so take the vpper hand that not onely the memorie will be enféebled but also that men lose their vnderstanding and become childish and foolish The cause of this is commonly a bad and cold complexion otherwhiles also adioyned with cold and moisture which ouerruleth the hinder part of the head If it be caused onely through cold Stupor Cold braine then it is Stupor astonishment These sicke persons do speake neither of things past nor yet things to come they care for nothing they sléepe and wake méetly they féele no drought of the toung nor yet of the nose Cold and dry But if this disease be caused through cold and drith then can the patient sléepe thinketh well vpon things which be ouer past but not of any thing that is present the mouth and nose are alwaies drie Cold moist If it come through moisture and cold then it is the sleeping disease which forgetteth all former things wholly and throughly and all present very quickly they haue very moist braines so that the moisture runneth out at the nose and mouth If heate and drith be causes Mania then commeth it to Mania that is the right madnesse To the end now that this precious treasure of memorie may be continued and kept thereof you shall haue sufficient instructions which you find of the sléeping sicknesse astonishment and madnesse so that we will onely speake here of that kind of forgetfulnesse which is caused of cold and moisture together and is not an absolute Lethargus neuerthelesse doth raigne most For this is to be applyed for a generall rule to defend the head from al superfluous moysture how the same is to be effected you haue many and sundrie meanes especially there whereas it is discoursed of the cold paine of the head in the first Chapter § 2. and also hereafter where we shall speake of giddinesse But to the end we haue an orderly rule for to preuent this forgetfulnesse therefore we will here prescribe an orderly meanes for an example If this disease procéede of an eâ—cessiue vncleanesse surfetting of meate of drinke of cold and such like outward causes then are they to be shunned and good gouernment obserued whereof we will once againe speake more at large For this must also strong Clisters be vsed take Consolida Saracenica Betonie S. Iohns woort both kinds of Sage both sorts of Centorie Rosemarie Stechas Flouramour Cammomill of each half a handfull Baulme a handfull Coloquint one drag and a half
Take Lettice Violet leaues pilled Barley Poppy heads the rootes of Mandragora the white water Lillies of each a handfull Henbane séede Poppy seede Lettice séede of each one quarter of an ounce Cammomill Melilot and Mallowes of each halfe a handfull let this séeth togither in water Take Cassia wood one dragme Opium two dragmes and Saffron one dragme make a powder thereof and at the most take one scrupe thereof let it stéepe in Vineger and Rose water annoint the temples with it it is very strong and safe In like manner wil be for this amongst the common things Oxyrrhodinum vsed whereof some stand described in the first Chapter and second § A Salue TAke one ounce of Poplar salue oile of Violets halfe an ounce Henbane séedes the rootes of Mandragora of each halfe a drag Saffron Cassia wood of each one scrup temper this together the sléepe was woont also to be procured with this following binding it about the necke and to lay it vpon mens priuities and womens breasts Take cold water and Rosewater of each fiue ounces vineger one ounce and a halfe wet a double linnen cloth therein and lay it ouer it Item take herbes of cold natures as Willow leaues water Lillies Vine leaues and Lettice séethe them in water and wash the foresaid place also the hands and féete therwith This doth also to set the hands and feete in cold water A potion and such like to procure sleepe TAke white Poppie séedes halfe an ounce rootes of Mandragora Henbane séede of each halfe a dragme vnbeaten Saffron foure graines stampe them all together and bind them in a cloth and then lay them in stéepe in fiue ounces of the water of water Lillies the space of sixe howers afterwards wring it out and giue it to the sicke person two howers before supper or dinner from one ounce vnto thrée ounces according to the importance of the sicknesse and abilitie of the patient Item take water Lillies twelue ounces Opium one drag stéepe them together in thrée pints of Malmsey the space of 24. howers then cast therein one quarter of an ounce of Salt white beaten Poppie séedes halfe an ounce Henbane séedes one quarter of an ounce Lettice seede thrée drag distill the same in séething water whereof you are to giue going to bed from halfe a drag vnto a drag This is strong inough for to cause the patient to sleepe sixe howers wine doth also prouoke sleepe if one drinke somewhat excessiuely in like sort also wine of Wormwood yet that driueth away heauie dreames A confection and what else may be taken TAke conserue of Violets and water Lillies of each one ounce white Poppie séedes white Henbane séedes of each halfe an ounce Ginger thrée dragmes temper this together and when you go to bed then take the bignesse of a Hasell nut rather more than lesse the Ginger is put thereto to the end that his power might penetrate Another Take white Poppie séedes Endiue séedes Lettice séedes and Purslaine séedes of each two ounces Melon séede pilled Pompion seede Gourd séedes and Cucumber seedes of each a drag and a halfe Mandragora apples one ounce and one quarter Saffron Cammomill Dill seede of each one drag and a halfe Lignum Aloes one drag Sugar twelue ounces honie of Violets sixe ounces the Sugar and honie you are to séeth in the water of water Lillies vntill it be thicke when it is almost cold temper the other beaten small amongst it and vse it as before from one quarter of an ounce vnto halfe an ounce It is good for franticke persons to annoint the forehead the temples the nose and the pulse veines therewith or to take it with the water of Lettice one hower after meate Another not so strong TAke white Poppie séede thrée quarters of an ounce the séedes of Violets of Lettice of Endiue of each one quarter of an ounce pilled Melon séede Pompion séedes Gourd séedes Cucumber séede of each halfe a drag Sugar one quarter of an ounce temper this as thicke as you will haue it with the sirupe of Poppie séedes Here may you sée that Poppie séedes are vsed almost in all receipts for the sléepe likewise all that is made of Poppie is good to procure sléepe as the confection Diapapauer Loch de papauere Syrupus de papauere and Diacodion A powder Take Lettice seede and white Poppie séede of each halfe an ounce Endiue séede Henbane séede and Ginger of each one drag Sugar foure ounces make a powder thereof But if all these things will not helpe then must Opium of necessitie be vsed to the end that nature may get some rest But with what prouidence this is to be vsed that do all experienced Phisitions sufficiently know without whose counsell the same is not to be done Of the ouerheated children when they awake out of sleepe TAke water Lillies or Purslaine Willow leaues Vine leaues and Poppie séede with the heads of each one handfull let these séethe together in a pot of water when it is then lukewarme set the child his féete therein and stroke him well downwards likewise also from the shoulders to the elbow This ensuing is much more safe and expert than any thing else annointed on the temples of the head Item make a cloth wet in his mothers milke or if the same be not to be had in warme Goates milke lay thereof vpon the forehead and on the temples of the head it cooleth well and also causeth to sléepe Of Mania another kind of franticknesse which we commonly called Madnesse §. 7. IT is discouered how that the Mania is a mad Phrenesis without an ague and is described by the learned and defined after diuers manners which are méete to be here rehearsed Mania some say is a distemperature of the vnderstanding which altereth the right and reasonable thoughts with losse of voice of wit and of iudgement which were good in health Other say thus This Mania is a dottage or madnesse and therfore a disease of the mind which no otherwise distempereth the mind but as any other sicknesse of the bodie whereby can be no health In fine it is such a Melancholia in case that it begin to roote in one that they become raging mad and must be bound yea the common sort thinke no otherwise but that he is possessed with a spirit The chiefest signes of Mania be these vnstedfastnesse alterations in words and déedes done without sense or reason like as much talke and prating much waking leaping great troubles and such like But if they be caused of a cholerike Melancholia then is the patient the more vnquiet and so much the more inclined to chiding calling and great madnesse but if it be mixt with burnt bloud then do they only rage and hold also their peace otherwhiles the which cometh straight way againe afterwards with so wonderfull much talke that they are hardly induced to hold their peace they will be leane ouer all their bodie they haue heauie dreames spet out
another as long as an egge may be sod and let it coole you may take thereof the bignes of a Walnut and annoint your selfe twice a day therewith on the hands and side and elswhere if it be néedfull It is also to be noted that there is another sort of Consumption called Febris Hectica which procéedeth also of this contagion of the Lights but we will speake further thereof in the sixt part where we do treate of all other sorts of Agues as also of other witherings of the members of lamenesse and the Poxe in the fourth Chapter of this booke Of the stinking breath in Phthisis or the Consumption §. 24. OF all the former diseases and putrifactions of the Lights it is easily to be vnderstood from whence the breath hath his beginning and whence it stinketh and that it cannot be amended if the disease whereby it is corrupted be not taken away and cured whereof is spoken more at large in the first part the 13. Chapter and § 3. therefore we will speake more briefly of it for which Master Tristrams water is very good Likewise the iuice of Wormwood tempered with Vineger and the mouth washt therewith Confected Calmus Elecampane and Citron pils are also very good with their sirupes In the first part the twelfth Chapter and 1. § is a powder set downe which beginneth thus Take Sene c. Annis and Fennell séedes confected and such like do also take away the stinking breath the which also do swéet and bitter Almonds be they confected or no. But héede must be taken for the consumption that no laske or fluxe happen with it and if such do happen then is this powder following to be vsed Take Gum of Araby burnt Iuory fine Bolus and Myrtle séede of each a like much make therof a powder and minister thereof euery day as long as is very néedfull thrée dragmes at a time with sirupe of Poppie heads and Myrtles For to conclude this Chapter of the Lights we will adde hereunto certaine néedfull and necessarie things to wit the medicines which by nature voluntarily ease the Lights as Ireos Hyssope Licorice Raisins Venus haire Squils Saunders Pingles Foxelights Horehound Hony Sugar Dragagant Fenegréeke Barley Saffron Ameos Colewoort broth the broth of an old stued Cock Cherries Lignum Aloes Hasell nuts Opopanacum Serapinum Myrrha Radishes Daffodill rootes Lilly rootes Frankinsence These things following do cleanse the Lights and the Breast as Agaricus Hyssope Woodbind Sarcocolla Cassia Ireos Coloquint the confection of Diasena and the pils Cochiae These things following do strengthen and warme the breast and the Lights as Hyssope Horehound Ireos Elecampane rootes Cammomill Hollihocke rootes Currans Squils Balsam wood Myrrha Serapinum Lilly rootes Venus haire Licorice Indy Spica and amongst the compounded things are Diacalaminthum Diaprassium Diahyssopum Ireos tabulates the confection of Pingles and Looch de Pino For the cooling of the breast these things Iuiubes Sebestes Dragagant Gum of Araby Starch and white Poppy séede swéet Almonds Violets Sugar candy Mulberries Saunders Sugar c. Of the compounded things the confection Diapapauere cold Dragagant Sallads Sugar pennets and other things more that with many more are described before We must note further that although the disease of children which is called the infection of the heart be a malady of the Lights and a kind of Consumption yet for some causes it is described in this Chapter following The sixt Chapter Of the Hart the most precious part of mans body ALl they that are expert in naturall things or in Philosophie do write that the Hart is the first member that is found in all liuing bodies and in like maner the last that dieth of all other parts of a liuing body the which is very well to be beléeued for that it is a perfect fountain ofspring of life of all naturall heat and is also it selfe hoter than any other member therefore in all beasts it is set in the middest of their bodies that it might warme the bloud spread the same abroade ouer all the whole body and thereby preserue life right in the middle of the breast which is contained in this second Part of this booke The Hart hath his place in mens bodies but with his picked end tendeth towards the left side and left nipple therefore do the common people suppose that the hart lyeth in the left side Out of this springeth first the vitall spirits Spiritus vitales which with a continuall stirring and mouing preserue it and that with such force that the same being out of the body yet it forcibly stirreth and goeth vp and downe euen as one may specially see by the harts of the Salmon and Sturgeon Through which continuall stirring from this place it doth communicate his motion through all the Arteries and also the life it selfe vnto the whole body the which is to be knowen by this that when the same is infected with any impostume or with any weapon neuer so little pierced that forthwith the vitall spirits yea life it selfe must depart out of the body like as is dailie séene by the like experience of the harts of all beasts which are killed whereas the hart being found sound so soone as the same is neuer so little touched or stirred that then all warmth and helpe is taken from all other members whereupon immediatly death ensueth and is none otherwise but as if ones hart be not before harmed Item this hart is also the dwelling place of all inclinations of the mind as mirth vexation sorrow feare care hope loue hate anger malice mercie sufferance or forbearance and such like Fourthly appeare in the Hart such diuersities of affections with such a force and vertue that if the one do raigne aboue the other the same draweth such an humor vnto it as is most acceptable for it As anger draweth vnto it Cholera mirth discusseth the blood ouer the whole body and through feare and fright hasteneth it towards the hart in great sorrow and vexation it draweth the melancholicke blood vnto it c. How were it then possible to expresse all the causes of these and of other more wonderfull passions of the hart yet haue many renowmed and learned men written very amply thereof whose bookes may be read and perused Also it is certaine that all bodies which haue great harts are fearefull and faint harted for that they haue not so much heate as is néedfull for them Contrariwise all small harts which draw the heate the better togither are stout and valiant This may well be vnderstood of great and spongeous harts which are not so wide nor filled with so many vitall spirits like as are other great and compacted harts that be hot and filled with vitall spirits then can they not otherwise but shew themselues manly and couragious like as the common prouerbe saith he hath a great Hart. The Hart hath some fatnesse on the top yet in leane bodies very little but in fat bodies somewhat more the
vpon the whole bodie than in the face because that Orpiment is somwhat venimous Take the iuice of Marioram gentle two ounces Orpiment halfe a dragme oyle of Cammomill one ounce make a salue thereof Item take Wormwood thrée handfuls Asarabacca and Plantaine of each two handfuls Saltpeter and wild yellow Rape séede of each one dragme Comin and Sulfur vife powned small of each thrée dragmes Saffron one dragme two well brayed yolkes of Egs make a plaster of it with the iuice of Solidago media vntill it be decocted hard enough But if the foresaid spots be without heate then are to be vsed for it all kinds of fat of beasts and of all fowls or the plaister Diachilon molten amongst it and so vsed Item take fresh Butter and the decoction of Mallowes temper the gals of Capons with the white of an egge and vse it as the other In the fourth part the seuenth Chapter and 3. § is a salue beginning thus Take Sage and Mallowes c. which is also very good for all kind of spots These things following be also much commended as the oyle of bitter Almonds of Iuniper Citrons salue the fatnesse of an Asses necke and M. Tristrams water And to conclude we will describe a strong salue which taketh away all spots and softeneth all hard swellings and doth also consume the same Take the rootes of wild Cucumbers the roots of white Behen the Lytharge of gold and Argall of each one drag and a halfe Sagapenum and Pigeon dung of each one scrup oyle of Sesamum thrée ounces oyle of Iuniper oile of wheate of each two ounces and a halfe white Waxe one ounce and a halfe séeth them together in foure ounces of the iuice of Oranges vntill that all the iuice be spent take afterwards the white of an Egge small brused Camfere one dragme Vineger twelue ounces wash the rest with it after that all is well tempered together and afterwards vse this salue The ninth Chapter Of inward things which spread themselues ouer all the body WE haue taught before of all outward accidents which outwardly do infect the skin but now will we write of those things and parts which are spread within through the whole bodie which hold the same together vnderprop it and sustaine the bodie vpright these are the bones veines and arteries with the bloud that is in them and all that concerneth them how the same is to be cleansed and when it runneth ouermuch how it shall be stopped how it shall be letten out and his naturall heate cooled There shall also be discoursed of the sweate as a superfluitie of all humors Afterwards we shall discourse of the sinewes of the tendons and ligaments Item of the flesh and chiefly of that which we do call the muscles For asmuch as wearisomnesse fatnesse leannesse sléepe paine Phlegma or slime with many other cold diseases as well as the bloud Cholera and Melancholia may be dispersed in the whole bodie and that the bloud hath no certaine place in the bodie as the Cholera in the bladder of the gall and Melancholia in the milt of which two hath bene written in other places therfore we must not pretermit to write of the nature of Phlegma and must first begin of the bones Of the bones §. 1. THe bones of the whole bodie be as it were the foundation and stay of the body and also the hardest parts which be in it These are engendred of the heate of the bodie which dryeth the moisture and hardeneth the bones Plato supposeth that their beginning is of the marrow which should be so dried away and hardened through heate wherefore Empedocles doth ascribe the most part of them to Vulcano that is the fire By nature they be drie earthie cold hard without bloud and also without féeling They do get their beginning of the vppermost part of the backe bone which stretcheth it selfe euen to the thighes They be also hard knit together and bounden through the sinewes and ligaments that there is not one amongst 248. or as Albertus reckoneth amongst 276. that are in mans bodie the which is not fastened to another bone When these bones be broken then do they not grow together againe in their owne substance but by a certaine liquor which the Grecians do call Poros the which hardeneth there so sore that therewith the whole fracture groweth together againe But whensoeuer that these bones do breake or get any other disease then â—â—ke what we haue written thereof in the fourth part the ninth chap. and 2. § Of Napta §. 2. IT happeneth also sometimes that in certaine places of the bodie such a matter is gathered that doth so harden and grow out of some bone that it séemeth to be a right bone which in Latine is called Napta and although this ought to be cured by chirurgerie we will neuerthelesse ordaine this for it Take Frankinsence one ounce Mastick fiue drag Ceruse thrée quarters of an ounce quicksiluer half an ounce temper them all together with foure ounces of Swines grease and rub therwith the Napta at the fire very hard not regarding what paine soeuer it doth The tenth Chapter Of three kinds of Veines in generall THe Veines are described by Galen in this manner The Veines saith he are a fat of the bloud tempered and mixed of bloud and naturall spirits moist and warme with great sensibilitie And vnder this name are comprehended three sorts to wit bloud veines called by the Latinists Venae Arteries and pulse veines Arteriae or Venae pulsatiles for that they beate continually Secondly the nature of these veines is warme and moist what difference there is betwéene both these sorts of veines besides the beating that shall appeare in this description following the Anatomists do accompt 365. veines in a mans bodie Thirdly there be sinewes which be also comprehended vnder the name of veins which haue no fellowship at all with the bloud veins but only that they do lie spread ouer all the body wherof in case that one lose her motion and féeling then will forthwith the whole bodie or some part of it according to the qualitie of the disease be without might and depriued of all motion Of the bloud veines §. 1. NOw for to describe these thrée sorts of veines we wil first of all admonish of the bloud veines which are called of the Phisitions and Anatomists Quietae which are still veins and that by reason they be naturally quiet and without motion for when they be moued that is done by some outward cause Albertus and Aristoteles would maintaine and defend against Galenus that these veins did take their ofspring from the hart But according to the opinion of Galen and Hippocrates haue they their beginning in the Lyuer which question we will leaue to the Anatomists to be decided But we will shew here in briefe what hath moued Hippocrates to ascribe the beginning of these veines vnto the Lyuer viz. for that in all creatures which haue
suffice We will nowe procéede with those things that furthermore doe appertaine vnto Agues Wherefore chiefely it is to be obserued that euerie one of them by the Physitions is deuided into foure parts The first they terme Accossum which is the beginning of the Ague thereupon followeth Incrementum the increase The third is Status that is when the Ague is in the highest degree and standeth still The last part is Declinatto that is the decrease or declination of which parts of the Ague we haue elsewhere more at large giuen intelligence There hath bene also a great debate amongst the learned whether men might knowe euerie kind of Ague in one day of fower and twentie houres some thought that no man could rightly iudge of the Ague before the third day So that Galen in diuers places derideth them and confuteth their opinion with many profound reasons The simple or compounded Agues saith he are easie to be knowne but the compounded very hardly yet it is not vnpossible to discerne them in one day Many agues and most of all other maladies whatsoeuer may well be knowne the second third or at the longest the fourth day for there is no disease that in three or foure daies might not apparantly be iudged so also are all agues according to the humor into which the bloud is altered qualified and do also giue a certaine Ague of their nature If Phlegma be cause of the Ague then of necessitie will it indure very long and longer if it procéed and come of the melancholicke humors but if it ensue from Cholera then can it not tarrie long seeing it doth vehemently wast the same To conclude all easie agues are ended in foure dayes as also all violent agues can kill a bodie in foure dayes which may be séene in the pestilent feuers Thus farre haue we generally spoken of agues now will we shew the meanes and remedies for the same and will first begin with the commonest and with the best knowne amongst which the most part of the foresaid agues are comprehended The least of them all is the first recited ague Ephemera or Diaria in Latine for that the same seldom holdeth the patient not disorderly eating and drinking longer than a day that is foure and twentie houres because it is not fixed so fast in the heart but onely in the Spiritibus vitalibus which we call the Vitall spirits This ague hath no corrupt or rotten humors that can be incended or can prouoke any swelling of the outward parts To conclude this ague is likened vnto a hote ayre that quickly loseth her efficacie and power This ague is thus described Ephemera is an ague wherein the vitall spirits are incended and so spread ouer the whole bodie without any long permanence And that is a certaine token of such kind of agues that they must alwaies haue some cause going before whereby it is procured as namely wearines much watching wrath great sorrow and such like vexation of the mind Item the heate of the Sun cold great labor drunkennesse venimous ayre and heate about the priuities be it through swelling or any other occasion conuersation with sicke men or those that be diseased in the lights vse of indigestible meates and such like The tokens whereby they are knowne are needlesse to rehearse by reason that they may be perceiued and knowne of the patient thereby the better to remedie the same For amongst all others this disease is neuer more apparant than in the vrine and by the pulse for that in this ague the vrine is commonly higher coloured than accustomed and the pulse much swifter as anger also is deformed by his owne pulse Item great sorrow and a disquiet mind haue also their owne signes Also by what obseruations and how the Cholera the melancholie the Phlegma and the bloud is knowne we haue taught in their due place Those that are troubled with the agues that bréed through any swelling or vlcers they féele a continuall swift and hard beating pulse they are very hote burning with a ruddie countenance and white vrine And to conclude they are all commonly Ephemerish agues that haue the pulse equall And albeit the same sometimes be vnequall yet is it scarcely to be perceiued very ill to be These are now the most vsuall and conuenient signes of this ague which we haue said are very easie to be holpen if men looke vnto it betimes for being delayed too long then fall the diseases into agues that are worse and be of longer continuance as namely in Putridas and Hecliâ—â—s so that many by negligent delaies fall into their perpetuall destruction Therefore vse these remedies following for it first a bath whereby the pores are opened that thereby all noysome vapors might exhalate For when as they are shut vp or through exterior cold closed together then must all such infectious humors remaine in the bodie whence diuers perillous agues are caused For all those that are infected with the ague through any swelling of the priuities is the ayre hurtfull either before or after the bath but aboue all things it is in other agues to be shunned But if any one will tarie long in the bath then must he be gently annointed by the hand with Sallad oyle especially such as got their agues through labor and trauell The diet of the diseased must be such as may ingender good bloud of a light digesture Those that through the heate of the Sun or by wrath or anger are fallen into this ague they must vse cooling and moistening things if through cold warme things through watching sorrowes and cares moistening things and such as will prouoke sleepe All those that are thus afflicted may well vse wine that is small or watered for such is alwaies more fit than water alone because it expelleth water and sweat But in all these points is to be obserued the age of the patient his strength his custome of liuing the season of the yeare and the nature of the countrey and such like All those are forbidden wine that in this ague procéeding of the heate of the Sun haue a swelling of the priuities or of any other part till such time as all such inflammations be ended The like also for all such that haue their pores obstructed and be therewith strout and corpulent of person All such as through ouerwatching or through great sorrow are fallen into a small Ague must after their bathing be fed with moist meates that are light of digestion and make good bloud To those that by reason of long watching are féeble may the wine be allowed without further regard or care vnlesse they had much headach or féele great motion of the pulses in the temples of the head these common rules must also be obserued in other feauers All those that get the Ague through wrath sorrow or déepe speculation they may drinke wine well enough in like manner also the idle headed but onely when their fit or madnesse is past before which it
it Powre the liquor from it and then let it séeth againe vntill that they be thorough mellow to wit in good wine then stampe them to grout and at last put good Malmsey vnto it and so much Sugar as you please and so let it séeth well together stirring it alwaies well about Some do lay them to stéepe in a strong ley and afterwards stéepe them in water But it is not so good for that their force will be thereby much abated so that it is better to séeth them in two or thrée waters to the end that they may lose their bitternesse they strengthen the heart and the vitall spirits and therwith also the stomacke they do helpe the consumption and drie the braines Conserue of Burrage §. 8. AMongst the learned there is debate whether the name betwéene Burrage and Buglosse be exchanged but therin is no great importance by reason that both of them are of one nature to wit that the same are to be vsed in all venimous and pestilentiall Agues they do strengthen the heart and all vitall spirits they withstand all venim and all heauinesse of mind and they do also cleanse the bloud from all melancholy In fine they coole all inward parts This Conserue is made of the blew flowers as we haue taught before How Calmus is to be preserued §. 9. TAke faire perfect Calmus powre faire Well water vpon it and let it séeth together vntill it be thorough mellow and that it loose some of his bitternes afterwards make these rootes faire from the outwardmost peeles and from all other vncleannesse If so be that some do swell too thicke then cut them longwise and in case that they be too bitter then let them séeth once again in water and then afterwards lay them to dry in a sieue The Sugar is certaine times to be decocted like as is taught before vntill that all the moisture be wasted This confected Calmus is most in all his force like vnto the Ginger and especially it is very good for all debilitie of the stomack that is burthened with some cold humor for that it consumeth the same humors and besides this strengtheneth the stomack if it be taken in the morning then doth it keep folks from all pestilentiall ayre and maketh a swéet breath it expelleth water and is especiall good for all diseases of the bladder and the kidneys it forceth the stone and the grauell and it prouoketh womens termes it is warme and dry by nature and hath an especiall operation for to open all obstructions c. How Citrons are to be preserued §. 10. A Common manner to preserue Citrons in Sugar or in Hony is this that one peele off the yellow rinds and cut the white pit in round or long péeces and then to separate the sower with the séedes from it Further the same is to be boyled in a water or twaine to the end that the bitternesse come from it and therewith may be mellow and soft afterwards is boyled Sugar to be powred lukewarme vpon it and deale with them like as is taught of the Elecampane rootes This preserue is very good against all venime it strengtheneth the heart and all vitall powers it is moist and cold in the first degrée and it is very safe to be taken How Citron peeles are to be preserued §. 11. TAke the péeles of Citrons which be not péeled too thin but that there remaine some of the white with it and do therewith as is said of the Orange péels These péeles be warm and drie vnto the third degrée wherfore they are but seldome to be vsed but in cold sicknesses they do helpe digesture they withstand all melancholicke humors and also all diseases which may procéed thereof How Berberries be preserued §. 12. YOu must take of the very fairest Berberries that you can get and wash the same very cleane afterwards séeth them in a sirupe of good Sugar and when the sirup is sodden short enough then cast the Berberries vnto it and let it seeth so softly a short time so that the berries do not breake and then preserue them in a glased pot They be good against all heate and all other inflammation of the bloud and especially of the stomack and liuer they comfort sicke persons in great thirst they moisten the drie toung the throate and all the mouth There is also a conserue made of this fruite and that in this manner following Take Berberries as before and seeth the same in wine afterwards straine them thorough a sleue or searce or thorough a cloth and then let it be sodden vnto a Conserue stirring it alwaies about This Confection stoppeth the bloudy fluxe cooleth the bloud which is inflamed of Cholera it obstructeth womens terms and maketh appetite to meate it is alwaies somewhat stronger than the Conserue of Raspes Otherwise hath it the same vertue or operation the Apothecaries do call it Rob de Berberis Conserue of Fumitorie §. 13. THis bitter herbe Fumitorie is very well knowne if you will make a Conserue of it then take the flowers of it and powne the same with Sugar as other Conserues and as we haue taught of Eyebright This confection is especiall good for all theÌ„ which be full of vncleane bloud and also for all them that be plagued with scurfe with the Poxe and with such like vncleannes it keepeth men in health and also from all venimous ayre Of this Conserue may fréely be taken as much as the quantitie of a great nut before that men will bath for that it expelleth out the sweat and al bad humors of the bodie therfore it is also good in the beginning of the Dropsie for that it openeth the liuer and all obstructions of the inward parts it driueth out the yellow Iaundise by the vrine and is very commodious for many other things How the Conserue of the fruite of the wild Rose tree is to be made §. 14. WHen as the fruits of these wild Roses which be called Priestpintle begin to be ripe then take as many as you please and séeth the same with red wine vnto pap afterwards wring it thorough a sieue or searse so let it séeth wel without putting any other thing vnto it with a continuall stirring about as another conserue This Conserue hath a maruellous operation for to stop the scouâ—ing or laske it is also good for all wambling of the stomack others do make it to a Conserue with Must halfe decocted wherwith they seeth it againe and cast certaine slices of Marmalade vnto it which is especiall good for a cold stomacke This Conserue is more in vse with the common people than at the Apothecaries wherfore we will speake the lesse thereof How Abricockes are to be preserued §. 15. THe skins of these Abricockes are to be pluckt off softly then powre vpon them Sugar decocted hard not ouer hot then let it stand so the space of one day or somewhat longer afterwards séeth the Sugar againe and that so
not séeth long that they do not breake and get a bad tast They haue the same power as the Barberries The ripe Grapes are to be confected like as we haue written of Peares Of that which commonly keepeth all fruites fresh §. 44. AL that is laid in Honie whether it be Flesh Fruite and Plants or any other thing doth remaine a long time before it spoile therefore haue dead carkasses before time bene powred full of Honie If you haue then any Fruite Fowles Venison or any other such like things that you will kéepe good the space of a yeare or any Plants or Flowers and such like throughout the winter then looke into M. Tristrams water whereof all auncient Phisitions haue had a good opinion The same also do all vitall and golden waters which follow immediatly hereafter The sixt Chapter Of the golden and vitall waters and Elixers of life THese kinds of potions and artificiall waters are ordained most to this end for that they should strengthen the most principall parts of the bodie as the head and the heart to kéepe it from debilitie and swouning especially if the same procéed of cold Thus we will describe some of them whereof there be two which the auncient Phisitions call golden waters for their especiall vertues Take fine Sage seuen ounces Nutmegs Cloues Ginger and Greins of each halfe an ounce Cinnamom péeled Bayberries and Beuercod of each one ounce Spikenard one dragme péeles of Citrons one quarter of an ounce temper them all together grossely beaten then powre two quarts of wine vpon it and so let al together stand the space of fourtéene daies stopped close stirring it well about euery day Afterward distill it in water in an Helme luted well and tight This water doth kéepe all manner of meates by their naturall tast and vertue it expelleth all bad humors of the bodie it maketh all wine cleane and of a good tast if one temper a little amongst it annoynted outwardly vpon one or vsed It is very good for all inward parts as the Stomack the Spléene the Lyuer and the Lights It is also good for all bruses and to annoint the bruses with it In like manner it is good for all falles for all byles and all paines of the head It is good namely at the first against all Dropsies against the Palsey and also against all venime If one haue any thing in the stomacke that he cannot digest then will it be consumed thereby it maketh a good memorie and withstandeth the Leprosie it healeth all scabbines and also all vlcers if one drinke it or lay it vpon them Another Take Lauander flowers Hyssope and Sage of each foure ounces cut them very small Nutmegs Ginger Cinnamom and Cloues of each halfe an ounce Greines two drag beate all small afterwards powre vpon it thrée quarts of the best wine and set it the space of fourtéene daies in the Sunne stopped very close Thus may you vse the first Item take good Malmsey two quarts and stéepe these things ensuing in it being stopt very close and then set it in a dunghill which lyeth in the East the space of thirty daies afterwards distill it as is before said Take fine Sage with the flowers of each halfe an ounce Burrage flowers one ounce one Orange Rue thrée dragmes Rosemarie thrée ounces and a halfe Rosemarie flowers half an ounce the toppes of Marioram gentle foure ounces the flowers of Buglosse thrée quarters of an ounce red Roses two ounces and one quarter Hyssope halfe an ounce Carduus Benedictus halfe an ounce Ireos thrée dragmes Camfere thrée quarters of an ounce prepared Perls halfe a dragme oyle of Spike and liquide Storax of each halfe a dragme powned Cinnamom foure ounces Galingall thrée dragmes long Pepper and Greines of each halfe an ounce Cucubes and Cardamome of each one ounce and a quarter Zeduarie thrée dragmes Ginger one ounce beate this all together grosse Here is to be noted that there will be too little wine and that fréely there may thrée or foure quarts of wine be taken for it Now followeth here a water called the elixer of life and is thus made Take Cinnamom and Cloues of each one ounce and a halfe Nutmegs one ounce red Roses ten handfuls white Roses as many Hyssope two handfuls Lauander flowers seuen handfuls powre vnto it a quart of Malmsey and so let it stand the space of nine daies and distill it afterwards as is said before Now for to distill a common vitall water is thus to be done Take Cinnamom one ounce and a halfe Ginger one ounce Cloues Nutmegs and Greines of each halfe an ounce Lignum Aloes Mastick Mace and long Pepper of each two dragmes Sage sixtéene ounces Cardamome Cucubes and Galingall of each two dragms and a halfe Roses one quarter of an ounce Balme thrée dragmes Citron péels thrée quarters of an ounce Rue Bayberries and Stechas of each halfe an ounce Rosemarie Marioram Lauander and Betony of each thrée quarters of an ounce Spica and Beuercod of each one dragme stéep it in thrée quarts of Malmsey and so let it stand the space of ten daies then distill it like as is taught of the other Some haue also an especiall water which is called Aqua spiritualis for that it strengtheneth much the vitall spirits Take the herb Lauander with the flowers and Liriconfancie of each two ounces Rosemary flowers and Betonie of each thrée dragmes Sage and Marioram gentle of each one ounce Balme halfe an ounce Hyssope Mints the greater Pimpernell Tormentill Rapontica Angelica and Bistorta of each one quarter of an ounce Piony rootes and of Valerian of each one dragme Auence and Iuniper berries of each half an ounce Bayberries and Beuercod of each one drag cut the rootes and powne them grosly The herbs are you to take drie and to cut them small and then put them in a glasse which is narrow aboue afterwards powre fiue pints of the spirit of wine vpon it and stop it tight then set it the space of eight dayes in the Sunne or in another warme place and distill it afterwards as is said in the beginning In all that which is distilled out are you to lay in steepe Ginger and Galingall of each one quarter of an ounce Cloues halfe an ounce Cucubes one quarter of an ounce Cardamome and Nutmegs of each halfe a dragme Greines one scruple Citron peeles one quarter of an ounce Pomegranate péeles halfe a dragme Lignum Aloes and white Mustard séede of each one scruple Saffron halfe a dragme Indie Spica one scruple Annis halfe an ounce Fennell one quarter of an ounce Treacle one ounce Turpentine thrée dragmes prepared red Corall one dragme Manus Christi with Pearls halfe an ounce conserue of Roses one ounce clarified Hony foure ounces then powne it all grosse that is to be powned and so let it stand the space of foure daies in a warme place afterwards you shall distill it and then temper amongst it Muscus and Ambra of