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A33896 The Jewish calendar explained, or, Observations on the ancient Hebrew account of the year, months, and festivals used by the patriarchs and mentioned in Holy Scripture wherein is shown the order, names, and significations of their moneths, the reasons for first instituting their several feasts, as Passover, Tabernacles &c., with the exact days whereon they were celebrated and what they were to shadow forth under the Gospel / published for assisting weak capacities better to understand what they read in Holy Writ ... by Hen. Care. Care, Henry, 1646-1688. 1674 (1674) Wing C524; ESTC R33304 17,192 47

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shaddow and substance in these thirteen particulars The Paschal Lamb was 1. One of the Flock 2. Without Blemish 3. To be Sacrificed and roasted 4. His Bones not being broken 5. In or about the Evening 6. Their Door-posts were be-sprinkled with its Blood 7. That the punishing Angel might passe over them 8. It was eaten in every Family 9. The whole Lamb. 10. Without Leaven 11. With bitter Herbs 12. In hast and as Travellers 13. Only by the Circumcised Christ was 1. Perfect Man John 1. 2. Without Sin 3. He suffered and dyed 4. They broke not his legs 5. In the end of the world see Heb. 9.26 6. The Blood of Christ purgeth our Consciences and is called blood of sprinkling 7. That Sin and Death might not prevail a-against us 8. He must be particularly apply'd by faith 9. According to his whole Gospel in all his offices 10. Without Hypocrisie 1 Cor. 5. 11. With patience under the Cross 12. With an earnest and longing Expectation of Salvation 13. Only by the faithful 1 Cor. 11. The feast of Pentecost is so called from the Greek Word Pentecoste but is termed in Hebrew Schefuotht that is the feasts of weeks because it was celebrated after the seventh week that is on the fiftieth day as the word in Greek signifies after or from the former feast of passover as may be seen in several Texts as Exod. 34. Lev. 23. Deut. 16 c. But really and properly it signifies and is used for the fiftieth Solemn and Festival Day from the second day of the feast of unleavened Bread In which sence St. Luke takes it Acts the second when the day of Pentecost was fully come and Chap. the 20th speaking of St. Paul He hasten by all means that he might keep Pentecost at Hierusalem But in a larger sence are meant by this word all those fifty days betwixt the second day of the feast of unleavened Bread and the said fiftieth festival day and so it seems the Author of the Vulgar Translation be it Jerome or who else understood it when he rendered that Text of the second of the Acts in the Plural number Cum implerentur dies Pentecostes when the days of Pentecosts were fulfilled This Feast we may conceive was instituted for three reasons 1. In memory of the Decalogue or Law given by God on Mount Sinai the fiftieth day after the Israelites departed out of Aegypt 2. That by the Ceremonial Oblation of two leaves then made of the new fruits to the Lord men might be admonished that they received all fruits and other things for preservation of Life from the bountiful hands of Almighty providence and thence be excited to beseech God not only for a Blessing thereupon but likewise make a sanctified use thereof Thirdly to Typifie that Pentecost wherein Christ after he had ascended proclaimed the Law not that of Sinai in Tables of stone but in the heart and mind the Law of the new Covenant that happy day on which the first fruits of the Holy Spirit were miraculously poured down on the Apostles Acts the second For we must note that this feast was also called the feast of the first fruits from those Primitiae or Bread offering which was then made of the new fruits Exod. 23. For these fifty days bounded their Harvest on the day after the passe-over Viz. the 16. Of Abib or Nisan they offered a sheaf of the first fruits of their Harvest Lev. 23.30 On the fiftieth day they offered 2 wave Loaves as is commanded Lev. 23.17 Where observe the difference between their Harvest and ours occasioned by the difference of Clymates and their Anticipation of time for both the Canaanites and Aegyptians begin their Harvest in April and finish by the end of May or half Iune As Pliny that great Clerk of Natures Cabinet relates L. 18. Ca. 18. which Leo Africanus an Eye-witness of it likewise confirms in his Description of Afrique L. 8. Ca. 4. The feast of Tabernacles is called by the Hebrews Chag Husuks celebrated from the fifteenth of the month Tisri to the one and twentieth thereof Inclusively that is for seven days together yet so as that the first day was more solemn and festivous than the rest as may be seen in Lev. 23. Where you likewise have the end of this feast expressed that your Children may know that I made Israel to dwell in Tents when I brought them out of Aegypt And accordingly during this Feast they dwelt in Booths made of Boughs of 4 distinct kinds Lev. 23.40 Which are said by the Rabbies to be the Cytrine tree the Palm tree the Myrhe tree and willow of the Brock and he that did not bring a burthen of them in the morning was to fast all day This burthen they called Hosanna In allusion to which the people cutting down Branches from Trees and strewing them in the way when our Savior did Ride into Ierusalem Cryed Hosanna to the Son of David Mat. 21.9 And indeed not only the Boughs but the Days of this whole Feast of Tabernacles were termed Hosannath and the 22th of Tisri a distinct feast by it self yet following immediately after the feast of Tabernacles was reckoned as belonging thereto and called Hosannah Rabbi the great Hosanna or the great day of the feast as 't is rendred Iohn 7.37 See Tremelius on that Text whereas truly and properly this 22. day of Tisri was the feast of the Congregation or great and solemn Assembly called by the Hebrews Hadsiph and also Azaereth that is an Assembly or Collection or a Retention and Prohibition Because that when the feast of Tabernacles was expired the people restrained it one day longer or because on that day they were prohibited doing any work or from the Collection of fruits for that on this day were offered the first of the later fruits and thanks therefore given to God or lastly because it shaddowed out a Collection of all Nations or a gathering together of the Elect in the Kingdom of Heaven of this feast you read 1 Kings 8.10 But observe that Ieroboam who revolted from Reboam the Son of Solomon with the ten Tribes commanded the aforesaid solemnity of Tabernacles which God in his Law had commanded to be celebrated in the seventh month Tisri to be kept in the eight month Marhesuan that so in all things he might wean the Sons of Israel from the Rites and Customes of their Fathers as in 1 Kings 13. CHAP. VII Of the Feasts of Trumpets and Expiation THe feast of Trumpets called by Hebrews Sichron theruah for that on the first Day of Tisri their seventh Ecclesiastical but first political month the sound of Trumpets or Cornets were every where heard and this by the command of God Lev. 33. For the cause of this feast some of the Iewish Rabbin's do believe it was ordained in memory of Isaac's deliverance from being sacrificed and that God commanded a noise should be then made by the trumpet or Horn of a Ram for that a Ram