of these two extreams which disownes visible grace and holiness to be required in persons in order to visible membership or Church-state I shall say no more to that point it being already so largely spoken unto and fully cleared by several of the congregational way and especially that late eminent discoverer of the ancient and infallible bounds of Gods true Church Mr Jo. Cotton in that little Treatise of his besides several others intituled The holiness of Church members for I am far from pressing an unity of Church-state with any that make not visible Grace and holiness the main mark of visible Faith and Church-membership but what union is to be desired and endeavoured with the godly of that judgement I shall give my opinion in its place and shall now chiefly insist upon the second general Position That all true beleevers congregated together and separated from the world and mixt worship to serve the Lord in the beauty of holiness ought to own and esteem one another as true Churches and Saints giving the right hand of fellowship to one another and walking together as children of the same Father Jo. 11.52 Members of the same body Rom. 12.4 5. sheep of the same fold Jo. 10.16 in observance of all those joynt duties required by the Lord at their hands without dividing rending or separating from one another Object The Terms of your Position so generally stated may admit of several constructions and thereby give little light to the cases in controversie though you should prove it if not more particularly explained Answ I shall have occasion to explain the terms in answer to several objections that will arise in the ensuing discourse and therefore for brevitie sake shall pass them by here and shall next proceed to the several sorts of Arguments to prove the Position with Arguments I shall chiefly draw from these seven general heads following First From the visible choice and approbation of God the Father proving that such as the Father hath visibly manifested his choice and approbation of to be his children beleevers ought to chuse and approve of to be their brethren Secondly From the visible choice and approbation of God the Son proving that such as the Lord Jesus Christ hath manifested his choice and approbation of to be members of his visible body and Church on earth all his ought to make choice and approve of to be fellow members with him of the same body Third From the evident choice and approbation of God the holy Ghost proving that such as the spirit hath manifested its visible choice of by the holy inspiration of its quickening and sanctifying Grace beleevers ought to make choice and approve of as such who have an equal right with them to a mutual participation in the priviledges gifts and comforts of the same spirit Fourthly From the choice and approbation of the infallible servants of God his holy Prophets and Apostles c. in all ages proving that such as the infallible servants of God in all ages of his Church have made choice of and approved to be their brethren in the Lord and fellow-members with themselves in Gods visible Church ought to be so approved of and chosen by all his servants to the end of the world Fifthly From the several Similes and Metaphors the Church of God is compared unto in the Scriptures whereby their mutual interest in an union with one another is held forth from thence proving that what unity is required and interest is given to members of the same body branches of the same root sheep of the same fold and under the same Shepherd children of the same Father and fellow-heirs of the same inheritance c. that the same interest is given unto and union required in the several members of Gods Church which is so fitly compared thereto and lively set out thereby Sixthly From the evident sad consequences that attend the Church and people of God though their dividings and separatings from one another and uniting together upon other principles then this of visible grace arguing from thence that such principles and practices as open the door and let in upon the Church of God such destructive uncomfortable consequences should be of all evils laboured against and avoided Seventhly From the evident and unspeakable good both to the outward and inward man the union of Gods Church upon such Gospel lasting principles would be attended with arguing from thence that since the unity of Gods Church upon such a binding and abiding principle as this of visible grace would so exceedingly tend to the unvaluable good thereof it ought to be sought after and prayed for above all things by every true member thereof next to an interest in Christ and visible grace it self Now from the first head viz the visible choice and approbation of God the Father I argue 1. Those whom the Father hath manifested his visible choice and approbation of to be his children 2. Beleevers ought to manifest their choice and approbation of to be their brethren But the Father hath manifested his choice and approbation of all visible beleevers and grations holy persons to be his children Therefore ought Beleevers to choose and approve of such to be their Brethren 1. The Major or first Proposition is evident from the very light of nature and reason yet since prejudice against truth doth ofttimes put out all light I shall add the light of some Scriptures to the clearing up this truth And first that of our Saviour in Matth. 23. verse 8. compared with the 9th Saith the word in verse 8. All ye are Brethren which he proves in verse 9. For one is your Father which is in Heaven and so Heb. 2.11 For both he that sanctifieth and they who are sanctified are all of one for which cause he is not ashamed to call them Brethen from which Scripture I gather that the Lord Jesus Christ was not ashamed to own all Saints for Brethren though they were attended with abundance of imperfection and uncomliness unsutatable to his most holy nature and course of life because himself as head and they as members were all of one Father that since his Father was not ashamed to own them all as Sons verse 10. therefore he was not ashamed to own then all as Brethren verse 11. Now it is a sad thing that fellow Brethren who are all subject to like infirmities Jam. 5.17 who do all see but in part and know but in part 1. Cor. 13.9 10 11. should be more high-minded in this case and sooner ashamed of their Brethren upon the account of their infirmities and weakness then their elder Brother who was free from all imperfections and stood in no need of their bearing with him he bore all their sins not onely in the punishment but in the shame of them Heb. 12.2 thereby setting them a pattern to bear the shame of each others infirmities for so argues Paul Rom. 15.1 2 3. We then that are strong ought to bear
the infirmities of the weak and not to please our selves for even Christ pleased not himself but as it is written The reproaches of them that reproached thee fell upon me and that this is not onely a duty but a special duty to all Saints See further Eph. 4.6 1 John 1.3 and 2 13. Mal. 2.10 John 4.21 23. John 6.45 2. For the Minor or second Proposition none can deny that doth not deny the Scripture consider the first Epistle of Iohn 3.1 2. compared with verse 10. Galat. 3.26 27. Isaiah 62.12 Deut. 28.9 Isa 13.3 Act. 20.32 with a multitude of other places it is hard to read a Chapter that affords no evidence to this truth So that I conclude this Argument in every part of it fully cleared I might draw from this head many more Arguments of equal strength as from the Fathers visible Covenant with special promises unto the Saints positive precepts for this union of Saints upon the principle of visible grace c. But I shall leave them to the Readers meditation to enlarge and come to the second head 2. The visible choice and approbation with the personal qualification of God the Son who as he hath set himself a patern of all grace to his people so in an especial manner of this glorious state of Gospel union he became a perfect pattern of holy union by uniting the humane and divine nature in his own person God and Christ and Saints must all be made one in in the mystical union Jo. 17.21 22. which though it cannot be perfected until the state of glory yet it is to be begun imitated and prest after in the state of Grace And therefore God the Father would have but one Son to be his dearly beloved Son Mark 1.11 Luke 7.37 he must have no equal Col. 1.18 nor no partner nor help in his work Isaiah 63.3.5 He must tread the wine-press alone of the people there must be none with him And so Saints must have but one Saviour Acts 4.12 one Redeemer Revel 5.9 one Mediator 1 Tim. 2.5 one Head Ephes 1.22 one Husband 1 Corinth 11.2 one Chief Shepherd John 10.16 one Captain of their Salvation Heb. 2.10 all which lively holds forth to us the unity of Saints and in him alone Christ must not be divided 1. Corinth 1.13 neither in his headship nor in his members but they must grow up into him in all things which is the Head even Christ from whom the whole Body fitly joyned together and compacted by that which every joynt supplyeth according to the effectual working in measure of every part maketh increase of the body to the edifying it self in love Ephes 4.15 16. From whence we may observe what a perfect pattern of union the Lord Jesus Christ is both Head and Body as if not onely the Glory but the very Essence of heavenly things depended on unity And so the main design of Christ in his assuming our nature and doing and suffering all for us was chiefly a work of union and reconciliation Col. 1.20 to reconcile God and man 2 Cor. 5.20 to break down partition walls betwixt Jew and Gentile bond and free Ephes 2.14 16. that in the dispensation of the fulness of time he might gather together in one all things in Christ both which are in heaven and which are on earth even in him Ephes 1.10 And so we finde him in the whole course of his ministry walking by principles of union commanding those duties and commending those Graces most which were the uniting Duties and Graces The first Gospel that was preached on earth was in these words Glory to God in the highest and on earth Peace and good will towards men Luke 2.14 himself is called the Prince of Peace Isa 9.6 7. Heb. 7.2 His Gospel is called the Gospel of Peace Rom. 10.15 Ephes 5.16 his people are called the Sons of Peace Luke 10.6 his wayes are called the wayes of Peace Luke 1.79 And as Peace so Love is held forth in the Gospel of Christ as a Cardinal Grace A new commandment give I unto you that ye Love one another as I have loved you John 13.34 And so we might proceed to the Graces of Humility Meekness Patience Mercifulness c. which are all uniting Graces and by our Lord commended unto us above all Graces they are conditional Graces unto which promises are annexed above all things saith the Apostle put on Charity in the discription of which Grace all these are contained 1 Cor. 13. from all which and indeed from the whole scope and tendency of the Scripture I argue That the duty which is most lively held out unto us by our Paterne and required of us by our Lawgiver the Lord Jesus Christ should be most upon our hearts to imitate and obey him in But the Duty of uniting the Saints to one another next to that of uniting them to himself was the greatest duty held forth by our Lord and Master to us and required by him of us therefor the unity of Saints with one another ought to be most upon our hearts next unto their union with Christ Object But say some we do admit all Christs Members ought to be united together in his worship but the doubt lies who we should own as his members Answ Those whom the Lord Jesus Christ owns as Members of his visible body here on earth ought all to own one another as members of the same body But the Lord Jesus Christ owns all true Beleevers or visible gracious persons to be members of his visible body on earth Ergo All such ought so to own one another 2. Answ Those for whom Christ prayed to the Father that they all might be One as he and the Father were One John 17.11 ought to walk in union one with another But it was for all the Father had then visibly given him verses 6 7 8 9 10 11 12. And that should afterward be converted by their doctrine verses 20 21. for whom he prayed Ergo all such ought to walk together in union We might draw arguments of union from all the Metaphorical relations the Scripture holds forth Christ to stand in to his People as an head Col. 1.18 an husband Isai 54.5 A King Revel 15.3 a Shepheard Psal 23.1 a Root Rom. 11.17 18. the very essence of which relations consists in union and the main end of them in Scripture is to hold forth the necessariness of union in the Church and People of God hut I shall speak to them under another head Arg. 3. From the visible choice and approbation of God the holy Ghost The Spirit of God though it fill all things Eph. 4.10 yet is but one Spirit verses 3 4. the same spirit that fills Christ the head with all fulness Col. 1.19 and 2.9 fills all his members out of the same fulness Eph. 1.23 They all receive out of his fulness grace for grace John 1.16 And as the Spirit of God that fills whole Christ head and members is
much controversy as the former for say some They that are not of a scandalous conversation are of a suitable conversation and if so then many Papists nay Jews Turks and Pagans are of a suitable conversation for abundance of all them are free from scandal in their lives and do walk very unblameably Paul before his conversion was according to the Law blamelesse the Pharises made cleane the outside of the Cup and Platter and therefore sure a Suitable conversation to the Gospel must be more then a meer moral conversation but if all persons of the several perswasions walking by these Rules that admit of so much variousness and uncertainty were put to give their several meanings in these qualifications they would leave the enquirer after truth at a greater uncertainty then they found him But surely the Lord hath not left his People in this great and weighty Case at so evident an uncertainty and therefore to spend no more time in this labyrinth of different Opinions in this Case Let us consider what light the infallible word of the Lord wil afford us therein For as the Lord knows who are his Jo. 10.14 and is known of his Col. 1.10 so hath he left to his Church and people a rule of knowing one another from all the people of the world Psal 4.3 But know that the Lord hath set apart him that is godly for himself And since the day that the Lord put an enmity betwixt the two seeds Gen. 3.15 there have been visible marks and rules of distinction to know them by After Abels death we read nothing of a visible Church or Gods visible worship upon earth until the dayes of Seth who was given in stead of Abel whom Cain slew and after his posterity began to increase in the earth that is after Enoch was born then began men to call upon the name of the Lord Gen. 24.25 26. in whose seed the Church of God continued until the Flood at which time the Church and people of God polluted themselves and corrupted the holy seed by mixing themselves in marriages with the seed of the world For the Sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair and took them wives of all which they chose at which the Lord was greatly provoked and said My Spirit shall not always strive with flesh Gen. 6.2.3 and after the Flood the holy seed was again revived in Shem Gen. 9.26 27. in whose line the visible Church continued until Abraham's time with whom the Lord again renewed his Covenant and made another separation betwixt the two seeds Gen. 12.2 3. who again reformed and revived the visible worship of God Gen. 12.7.8 Gen. 13.4 After which God did at several times not onely renew his Covenant of Promise but in the seventeenth of Genesis did declare more fully then before the Condition of his Covenant for as before he usually said my Covenant will I keep with thee he here saith my Covenant thou shalt keep with me verses 9 10 11 12 13 14. And God said unto Abraham Thou shalt keep my Covenant therefore thou and thy seed after thee in their generations This is my Covenant which ye shall keep between me and you and thy seed after thee Every man-child among you shall be circumcised And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskins and it shall be a token of the Covenant between me and you And he that is eight dayes old shall be circumcised among you every man child in your generations he that is born in the house or bought with money of any stranger which is not of thy seed He that is born in thy house and he that is bought with thy money must needs be circumcised and my Covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting Covenant And the uncircumcised man-child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised that soul shall be cut off from his people he hath broken my Govenant In which words the Lord doth ordain and establish a new pale or bound to his Church which was never again to be altered for Abrahams seed and circumcision in the type or in the Antitype in the flesh or spirit shall ever continue to be the true bound of Gods Church militant which Covenant we finde was renewed again to Isaac Gen. 26.1 2 3 4. Rom. 9.7 Gal. 4.28 Hebr. 11.1 And after that to Jacob Gen. 28.13 14 15. from whose time this Covenant of distinction was usually repeated to be the Covenant made with Abraham Isaac and Jacob Exod. 2.24 Lev. 26.42 and that for an everlasting Covenant 1 Chron. 16.16 17. compared with the thirty fourth verse Which Rule of Church-membership or visible bound of Gods Church continued in the type unquestionable until the coming of the promised Messiah Luke 1.59 2.21 And therefore the Pharisees in the 8th of John thought they made a good plea to Christ verse 33. We are Abrahams seed and verse 39. Abraham is our Father which our Saviour admits to be true verse 37. I know that ye are Abraham's seed And this priviledge Paul pleaded Rom. 11.1 Hath God cast away his people God forbid for I also am an Israelite of the seed of Abraham And so against those false teachers in the Church of Corinth 2 Cor. 11. Are they Hebrews so am I are they Israelites so am I are they the seed of Abraham so am I By all which and much more of that nature that might be added it is a truth out of controversie that the Condition of the Covenant made with Abraham c. was the standing unalterable bounds of the Church of God until Christ came who did not at all disannul this Covenant as it was a distinguishing Covenant nor alter the least Condition of it but fulfilled it that what our Lord saith of the Law in general may be truly applyed to this particular Think not that I am come to destroy the Law and the Prophets I am not come to destroy but to fulfill for verily I say unto you till heaven and earth pass one jot or one title shall in no wise pass from the Law till all be fulfilled Mat. 5.17 18. And so Paul argues Rom. 3.31 Do we then make void the Law through Faith God forbid we establish the Law So that we must not seek for another Rule to know Gods Church and people by under the Gospel then what was under the Law But to enquire after that Legal Rule Gospelized that what the seed of Abraham and Circumcision under the Law were Types of under the Gospel that must we enquire for and make the same use of the Antitype now which the type then served for Now the seed of Abraham in the Flesh typed out to us the seed of Abraham in the Spirit the Carnal seed under the Law was the type of the Spiritual seed under the Gospel Rom. 4.11 to the end Rom. 9.10 first verses so Gal. 3.14 to to the end concluding with these words if ye be Christs then are ye
by all means as in 2 Thess 3.16 If thou wouldest have thy soul prosper Pray for the peace of Jerusalem they shall prosper that so love her nay if thou wouldest have Sion prosper say Peace be within thy wals and then prosperitie shall be within her Pallaces and therefore for thy brethren and companions sake say Peace be within thee and because of the house of the Lord our God I will seek thy good as in Psal 122.6 7 8 9. If after you have perused this Discourse you shall observe there are many considerable Objections against the thing prest unspoken to that I admit I do not expect these few weak Lines should answer all Objections in a controversie of this weight neither do I judge my self able to answer them but am assured there are well wishers to this Truth that are able to proceed Therefore if these Lines may but tend to awaken and stir up the people of God to enquire after this Truth and to allow that the laboring after Saints Union is not only a Dutie but a great and weighty Duty and to be numbered in the first Rank of Christian Duties I have my aim for that would prepare the hearts of Saints for Unity and make the work of removing obstructions and resolving particular cases much more easie For many of Gods people do already and more will be daily discerning the inconsistency of the principles they walk by to Gospel-prosperity unity doth as naturally fore-run Glory to Christs Church as health doth strength or light heat Therefore the main design of Satan at this day is to prevent Gospel-Glory by obstructing Gospel-Unity but the more the spirit of strife and division struggles against this work let it provoke you the more to set to all your strength to promote it the Lord doth not onely require that his people should be faithful unto but valiant for the Truth upon earth Shall Quakers and such like rigid censorious dividing principled people compass sea and land and consume their estates to make common purses in order to the promoting and carrying on their ridiculous principles of division and confusion and shall those who pretend the Espousing the universal interest of Saints as such be Ephraim-like a silly Dove without heart as their diligence and painfulness do now upbraid us so I fear it will in the great day rise up in judgment against us It was good Mr. Burroughs complaint in his time when the spirit of division was but in its infancy That there were many would cry Loe the Thief but who stopt him So saints are many at this day will bemoan such divisions and make sad complaints of it one to another when they meet but how few have set themselves to study and propagate uniting principles which I trust the Lord will set upon the hearts of some who he hath so eminently principled and qualified for the work that the friends of this precious Truth may not have cause above all the rest of Truths Favorites to complain with the Prophet in its behalf There is none to guide her among all the Sons whom she hath brought forth neither is there any that taketh her by the hand of all the sons which she hath brought up Isa 51.18 Nay is there not rather cause for this Truth to take up the Lords complaint Isa 1.2 I have nourished and brought up children and they have rebelled against me This Principle hath been dealt withal by some of its Favourites as Saul dealt with David who honoured and imbraced him in his camp and hated and banished him his Court yet blessed be the Lord there are some Jonathaas to stand up and say What evil hath he done whose souls are knit to this principle as the soul of Jonathan was to David who will not be afraid to answer imposing and dividing principles as Moses answered Pharoah Exod. 10.9 We will go with our young and with our old with our Sons and with our Daughters with our Flocks and with our Herds will we go for we must hold a Feast unto the Lord. Pharoah would have put off Moses with the liberty and freedom of some part of Gods people Go you that are men to serve the Lord saith he ver 11. No saith Moses Church deliverances from bondage opression must be universal deliverances otherwise how should we hold a feast to the Lord can part of us rejoyce in our Liberties as long as other part is under bondage and oppression No we must either all go together or all stay together all rejoyce together or all mourn together therefore we will not leave a hoof behind us ver 26. Now this spirit in Moses is the true nature of this Gospel-principle it will not own any deliverance from oppression and imposition of conscience contrived and proposed by men to answer the design of Gods deliverance to his people untill it include the common Gospel Liberty due to all Saints and that in all their necessary concernments though it may out of tenderness with David 1 Sam. 30.10 leave some of the weak and feeble behind in the work of War and danger yet all must have an equal share of the spoil whether the Sons of Belial will or no as in ver 24. It 's the faithfullest and impartiallest Steward to trust with the Saints common stock that can be found on earth there shall be no cause of complaint so far as its power reacheth every one of Sions children shall have an equal share of those common mercies and priviledges their Heavenly Father appoints for them And therefore whatsoever opinion or way thou art of consisting with sobriety and holiness this principle if thou dost promote it will take equal care and make equal provision for thy Christian liberty and encouragement that if thou beest a favourer of Saints prosperity labor to be acquainted with this common friend of theirs it will teach thee how to observe and own the shining beauty of grace in Saints through the darkest cloud of those common errors and mistakes that the opposite principle renders them so unlovely and deformed one to another by And let not the homely and mean attire this Truth salutes thee in make it less acceptable if the Author had had better it should not have worn so bad but Beauty is Beauty though clothed in rags The ensuing Discourse is rather intended to tell thee there is such a Principle accommodated with such excellent Qualifications and to provoke thee to enquire after it and endeavor acquaintance with it then to give the an exact description of it But I shall submit what follows to thy favorable censure and close with the words of Paul to the Philippians c. 2. v. 1 to 6. If there be therefore any consolation in Christ if any comfort of love if any fellowship of the Spirit if any bowels and mercies Fulfil ye my joy that ye be like minded having the same love being of one accord of one mind Let nothing be done through
but one spirit so the chief business of this own spirit and tendency of its operation is unity Eph. 4.3 And next to that betwixt head and members Christ and Saints it drives on the designe of the Saints union with one another in all truth Eph. 4.13 It can neither be divided nor deceived but must speak the same thing at all times to all persons Heb. 13.8 Men may have different apprehensions and understandings and from the variety in them may put a various interpretation upon the Spirits teaching 1 Cor. 12.3 but yet the spirit remains the same spirit of truth it leadeth into all truth Jo. 16.13 And though this variety be in the spirits operation in the work of illumination and directing the judgement from the variety which is in the capacities and apprehensions of men yet in the more certain properties of the spirits work upon the hearts of Beleevers as in the works of mortification and sanctification c. there is no such variety for though there may be difference of degree yet the least measure of the spirits work in those things bears a divine stamp that fruit of the Spirit which is in all goodness righteousness and truth Eph. 5.9 is of the same nature and complexion in all Saints from whence I argue That the most infallible Rule Saints can walk by in their choice of gospel brethren or Church-members is to follow the tract of the Spirits choyce to choose where it hath chosen before them But the visible tract or evidence of the Spirits choyce is its manifesting its indwelling through its operation in carrying the Soul out to the exercise of Grace Therefore the visible operation of the Spirit of Grace in persons is the most infallible Rule for Beleevers to make their choyce by Object But may some say how shall we know the Spirits operations and thereby its choyce in such a day of delusion as this is when the spirit of Errour that new reigneth hath transformed it self to so neere a likenesse to the Spirit of Christ Answ Whatsoever is held forth to be the visible fruits and effects of the Spirit of grace in the hearts and conversation of Beleevers by the word of truth ought to be admitted by them as sufficient Testimony of the Spirits choice Acts 11.17 But the effects and fruits of the Spirit are clearly testified to be Love Joy Peace Long-suffering Gentleness Goodness Faith Meekness and Temperance Gal. 5.22.23 Therefore such persons whom the Spirit of the Lotd hath so qualified ought to be admitted and owned by Beleevers as such of whom the Spirit hath manifested its choyce For what may be further objected against this Argument from the various understandings and different minds of several visible gracious persons and from the grosse Errours held by several persons seemingly gracious and spirituall I shall have occasion to speak to when I come to answer to such general Objections as will include many of those particular Objections that might be made against every Argument I might add many Arguments more drawn from the fruits of the Spirits choyce But let all that long for the union of Saints first resolve to make the Spirits choice theirs and then they shall hardly read a Scripture but will afford them some Characters of the Spirits choyce for our heavenly Father hath not a Child nor our chief Shepheard a Sheep that are visibly such but his holy Spirit hath set his seal on them either lesse or more visible 2 Cor. 1.22 Eph. 1.13 4.30 Therefore I shall conclude this head with one Argument more and leave the remain to the Readers meditation That qualification or State which gives us free access to and acceptance with the Father Eph. 2.18 1.6 by which we are made his adopted Sons Rom. 8.15 unto which he hath annexed the performances of his preitious promises 2 Peter 1.4 wherein he seeks and desires us to worship him Joh. 4.23 by which we are joyned unto the same body of which Jesus Christ is the head 1 Cor. 12.13 and whereby we are made partakers of the same grace 1 Col. 12. heirs with him of the same Kingdom James 2.5 or inheritance Eph. 1.11 14. and partakers with him of the same glory in heaven Col. 1.27 3.4 nay wherein the perfection of shall be their State in glory John 17.23 24 Eph 4.13 when all other qualifications and additional rules of distinction shall cease 1 Cor. 13.8 10. is doubtlesse the most infallible rule and qualification for Gods Church and People to owne and joyn with one another in the worship and service of God by But the qualification that gives us right unto interest in all the former particulars is a participation of a spiritual work of grace upon the heart as the Srciptures annexed with abundance more that might be added do sufficiently evidence Therefore it is the most infallible rule for Gods Churches and People to make choice of Church-members and Gospel Brethren by The fourth General head from which we shall argue is the choice and approbation of the infallible servants of God in all ages whose fellowship and communion with persons as Gods Church and People is recorded for our Example in Scriptures who in their several generations and ages of the Church they lived in made this duty of preserving the Churches union and peace within it self the great and weighty duty unto which most other dutyes when they come in competition must give place unto And they did always make the declared visible choice of God their choice For those whom God had chosen to be his people by his visible Covenant with an especial grace unto they owned to be their brethren and fellow members in his Church excluding none of them nor admiting no other which point I suppose hath been sufficiently proved in my discourse of the true Church-bounds That until I meet with one instance at least out of Gods word of a person or persons visible which in those Church-bounds before mentioned viz. Abrahams seed Circumcision in the type Antitype was kept out or not esteemed one of Gods Church not scandalous or unexcommunicated I shall for bear further speaking to that And shall chiefly from this head insist to observe the weight that the holy servants of God in all ages have laid upon the Churches peace and unity When the Church consisted of Jacobs family how carefull was Joseph to preserve union among his Brethren though they had little deserved it at his hands yet the great and chief charge he layeth upon them is see that you fall not out by the way Gen. 4.5.24 So Moses reproves his Brethren the Hebrewes for striving one with another Exod. 2.13 in in these words as Stephen quotes it Acts 7.26 Sirs ye are Brethren why do ye wrong one another So for the Divisions of Reuben there were great searchings of heart Judges 5.15 16. So David Behold how good and how pleasant a thing it is for Brethren to dwell together
out and remove the cause and partly to prepare and arme themselves against the necessary and sad consequences that might attend them which Duty the division of our days among Gods people loudly calls for which to speak a word unto I shall make a little digression which is to entreat all who desire in sincerity to set upon this work of heart-searching in order to find out the cause and avoid the cosequences of the sad Divisions amongst us to consider the following directions 1. Search thine own heart and way throughly for this cursed spirit of Division may have hidde it self under such plausible pretences of good that whilst thou seekest for it among thy temptations and corruptions it may be close hid in several of thy best duties and religious qualifications And therefore if thou find him not amongst thy temptations of pride of minde self conceit affecting Singularity a desire to seem some body amongst those with whom thou walkest a loving preheminence over thy Brethren or in a froward rash uncharitable spirit c. If thou searchest thy heart throughly and find him not dwelling there under the Covert of these or the like temptations or corruptions then proceed to a further heart searching as to the tryall of thy graces and religious dutyes for this spirit of darkness knows how to transform it self into an angel of light If thou beest one that hath attained to an eminent knowledge and hath found out the mind of God in some special truths that many other of Gods people are dark in then search whether thy knowledge hath not pufft thee up as in 1 Cor. 4.18.19 4 chap. verse 8. Col. 2.8 and begotten in thee an high esteeme of thine own things Phil. 2.4 and a low esteem of the things of others Phil. 2.3 Whether thy gifts graces and religious endowments have not been more employed by thee in promoting and propagating of disputable points and doubtfull questions Rom. 14.1 tending rather to strife about words 1 Tim. 6.4 and 2 Tim. 2.23 and vaine janglins 1 Tim. 1.7 then to godly edifying 1 Cor. 14.26 Whether by thy knowledge thou hast not laid a stumbling block in thy weak brothers way Rom. 14.13 by pressing upon him more remote dutys while the immediate duties of his present state in grace have been neglected contrary to that of our Saviour who had many things to say but could not say them then because the Disciples could not bear them John 16.12 And to that of Paul who could not speak to the Church of Corinth as spirituall but unto carnal even unto babes in Christ 1 Cor. 3. 1. And therefore fed them with milke and not with strong meat verse 2. I say search and examine whether thy knowledge hath not been employed by this Spirit of Division in some such or the like failings which hath so visibly tended to the promoting the dissentions and divisions among Gods People But secondly Art thou one that hath attained to an extraordinary zeal for God his wayes and truths that thou thinkest thou couldest say with the Psalmist The zeal of thy House hath eaten me up Psal 69.9 then search and try thy zeal for fear this spirit of division hath not hid it self there the Jews misguided zeal mentioned Acts 21.20 provoked them to cry out against Paul verse 28. Men of Israel help this is the man that teacheth all men everywhere against the people and the Law and this place c. It was Paul's misguided zeal before conversion for the tradition of his fathers Gal. 1.14 that provoked him beyond measure to persecute the Church of God and waste it verse 13. and so Phil. 3.6 And therefore when thou art zealous be sure it be in a good thing Gal. 4 18. It is dangerous being exceedingly zealous for points of Doctrine or practice in matters disputable and much controverted betwixt both godly and able Christians least whilest like those Pharisees Luke 11.42 thou be zealous in Tything Mint and Rue and pass over Judgement and the Love of God For as holy zeal rightly managed is the most excellent grace among Christians so misguided is the most dangerous and thus in thy searchings of heart for the divisions among Saints go on by the same rule to search and try every grace and gift in thee lest thou missest of thy care in searching the wound Now for the sad effects and evil consequences flowing from Divisions among Christians I may say they are unmentionable for it is very hard to name an evil that at this day the people of God and this Commonwealth groans under that our Divisions hath not had an hand in if not the main cause of Is there cause to complain the much prayed for and expected reformation hath been obstructed and retarded Why consider whether Division hindred it not if the generality of the godly could but agreed on good things to have proposed them or joyntly desired them we have not wanted an Authority to have granted and confirmed them but the several opinions and perswasions in Religion have had every one a Reformation to promote wherein an equal provision of liberty and encouragement for all that are truly godly have been declined and the extreams of each of their different perswasions insisted on like the cruel harlot Solomon gave judgement against they have rather chosen half a dead child then their opposites should enjoy a living one 2. Is there cause to complain of the spreading of Errors Heresies and Blasphemies c. Why Division opens the door for them for every one making their particular opinions a particular different Religion and separating thereupon hath given a kinde of reputation to â—â—â—aration though it be from the most pure Churches and holy people so that if any make shipwrack of Faith and a good conscience and suck in principles inconsistent with grace and godliness And observe they will not be born among the people with whom they then walked why it is but separating and setting up for themselves and they have field-room enough to sowe their tares in Whereas were the people of God who are sound in the Substantials of Religion united together within the bounds before mentioned and exercising that discipline God hath set in his Church it would bear an Authority that as the Apostle saith 2 Thes 3.14 Tit. 2.8 The offending person would be ashamed which now it doth not for now the personmarked Rom. 16.17 or withdrawn from with all others observing him not of the same way or fellowship with them that past the censure do but look at it as a censure past by a few Christians upon the account of opinion and from thence heed it not That I may say the solemn Ordinances of Christ for the healing and recovery of the diseased and infected of his people are become contemptible which nothing but the union of his Church that the censure of one congregation may be the censure of the whole will remedy And then if the walls of our Gospel Jerusalem
and David my Servant shall be King over them and they all shal have one Shepherd so Zech. 14.9 And the Lord shall be King over all the earth in that day shall there be one Lord and his name one But more particularly 1. This glorious union of Gods Church would renew its strength that though now in its divided shattered state it shews it self like Israel scattered abroad throughout all the Land of Egypt to gather stubble Exod. 5.12 in which state every Petty task-master of Pharcah can exercise Tyranny over them veâ—s 14. but if once united they would then be in the sight of their enemies as Israel gathered together was in the plains of Moab terrible for their enemies to look upon Numb 22.3 their beholders then instead of cursing of them would say How goodly are thy tents O Jacob and thy Tabernacles O Israel Numbers 24.5 He hath as it were the strength of an Vnicorn he shall eat up the Nations his enemies and shall break their bones and pierce them through with his arrows verse 8. The Church in its united State is like a City with walls and bulwarks Isa 26.1 In that day shall this song be sung in the Land of Judah We have a strong City Salvation will God appoint for walls and bulwarks Beautifull as Tirzah comly as Jerusalem Terrible as an Army with Baxners Cant. 6.4 10. 2. The renewing of the Churches unity would renew its purity when there shall be One Lord and his Name One Zach. 14.9 Every Pot in Judah and Jerusalem shall be holy unto the Lord verse 21. The way of the Lord shall then be called the way of holiness Isay 35.8 compared with the 9th The Gates of the holy City might then be shut that there should no more pass through the uncircumcised and unclean 3. The Churches unity would repair its reputation and esteem the precious sons of Sion more precious then fine gold how are they esteemed as earthen Pitchers in their scattered divided State Lam. 4.2 The Church may then truly complain how is the gold become dim the most fine gold changed the stones of the Sanctuary are poured out on the top of every street verse 1. they are despised as the Common pibbles of the Brook every vile abject every mean base vile-spirited man can look uppon precious Saints if but branded with a nicknamed Religion as a meaner creature then himself of which the Church complains Psal 44.11 Thou hast given us like sheep appointed for meat and hast scattered us among the heathen and from thence in the 13th verse complains thou makest us a reproach to our neighbours and a scorn and derision to them that are round about us thou makest us a by-word among the heathen and a shaking of the head among the people But when Sion comes to be a City with Walls and Towers Psal 48.12 13. then Beautifull for stituation the joy of the whole earth is mount Sion verse 2. then the abjects and base people shall be so far from scorning her and shaking the head at her That loe Kings when assembled and pass by together shall see her they shall marvel and be troubled and haste away fear shall take hold upon them and pain as on a woman in travel verses 4 5 6. 4. The renewing the unity of the Church will renew the growth and increase of the Church it is a sad and just complaint of many of the godly in these dayes that converting work ceaseth we are spending all upon the old Stock Why what hinders as a second cause so much as our divisions I am perswaded that never since the ascention of him that ascended up on high to give gifts unto men and the cessation of extraordinary gifts there hath been such a measure of spiritual gifts given forth as this day affoords never more painfull Labourers sent into Gods harvest nor more able faithfull Pastors and Teachers given to his Churches of all perswasions for the perfecting of the Saints for the work of the Ministry for the edifying of the body of Christ Ephes 4.11 12. But this overflowing spirit of Division like a sweeping rain in harvest carries all the fruit away or like the frosts in spring nips all in the bud This spirit may well be reckoned as the chief of those little foxes that spoils the vines for our vines have tender grapes as Cant. 2.15 for no sooner is a soul brought to a sense of his lost estate by nature and begins to enquire after Christ to say with the Jaylor What shall I do but forthwith it meets with from this spirit such a multitude of needless or at lest unseasonable questions and doubts in its minde about some of the points in controversie that dissolves all its beginnings of heart-work into head-work that most of Christs new born babes at this day instead of desiring the sincere milk of the word to grow thereby 1 Pet. 2.2 will at first begin to drink wine and feed on strong meat which they being not able to digest fall into spiritual surfeits from whence proceed spiritual loathings of heavenly things spiritual sicknesses and diseases of all sorts which so many poor Professors at this day lie languishing under whereas if once the Lord should unite his people upon the principles of visible grace all would then be joyntly concerned chiefly to propagate those principles of grace and godliness upon which they were united and though most of the points in controversie might remain of weight upon the hearts of all that sincerely hold them to be faithfull to their consciences in walking up in the practice of them yet there would be an holy tenderness of troubling the heads of young Converts or weak Christians with unreasonable scruples but each sober mind would take the Apostles advice Rom. 14.1 Him that is weak in the faith receive you but not to doubtfull disputations And with the Apostle Peter would exhort them to add to their faith vertue and to vertue knowledge and to knowledge temperance and to temperance patience and to patience godliness and to godliness brotherly kindeness and to brotherly kindness charity 2 Pet. 1.5 6 7. and to tell them if these things be in them and abound they shall neither be barren nor unfruitfull in the knowledge of the Lord Jesus Christ verse 8. That the unity of Gods people in principles of visible grace and godliness would much tend to the encrease and growth of Gods Church therefore in the glorious day of the Churches Vnion Isa 60. when violence shall no more be heard in the land nor wasting nor destruction within thy borders but thou shalt call thy walls Salvation and thy gates praise verse 18. Then shall Kings come to thy light and Kings to the brightness of thy rising verse 3. then shall the Abundance of the Sea be Converted unto thee verse 5. It shall be then said who are these that flye like a Cloud and as the Doves to the Windows verse 8. The Sons also
Doctrine and holy example to convince them of their errors and withall presseth them to unity and warns them against their divisions as the worst of their errors as it is evident from those Scriptures quoted From whence I argue That if the Apostles and infallible penmen of Scriptures who were able to judge of matters of controversie without mistake did for the Churches peace sake permit persons holding and maintaining many great and dangerous errors to abide in the Church and there own them as fellow-Brethren whilest they manifested visible sanctitie in the main and retained the substance of true Faith and that in the most pure time of the Church when the erroneous persons could not receive those errors by tradition and education from Christian Ancestors or Teachers Then much more ought the Ministers of the Gospel and with them all Gods people now being themselves fallible in judgement and exceedingly disagreeing among themselves about the points in controversie even the able and gracious of them and especially considering the time we live in is but the dawning of the day of Gospel light and knowledge out of a long dark night of Antichristian error and pollution through which many of themselves not long since were groping in the dark about several Gospel truths in which the light of Christ hath since more fully informed them to walk towards one another with all tenderness and charity putting in practice that rule of forbearing one another in love Ephes 4.2 And thereby endeavouring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of Peace verse 3. But it is evident the Apostle and holy Pen-men of Scripture did so walk in like cases when there was not the like Reason Therefore Gods Ministers and people ought so to walk now Object 2. Then you are for the permitting of all Errors in the Church for if we must not separate from Errors of this nature what shall we separate from Answ To make a particular discrimination by name of all Errors or to determine the degree of any particular Errors that shall render the erroneous person incommunicable is too hard a task for me to undertake I shall onely propose some general Rules and Cases which the Scriptures seems to countenance and shall submit them to the judgement of judicious Christians First That Churches and Beleevers ought to withdraw from and deny Communion with all such who though they profess the true form of godliness yet deny the power of it Secondly From such who though they make a profession of the power as well as the form of Religion by holding regeneration and visible grace to be necessary qualifications for visible members of Gospel Churches yet when they are so corrupt in judgement that their Errors are first contrary to godliness or secondly inconsistent with true Grace or thirdly destroy the foundation Doctrine of Salvation they ought to be withdrawn from For the first By persons denying the power of godliness I mean such who though professing of and practising the true external Acts of Gods worship as they may be generally professed and practised by the generality of sound Christians yet in their declared principles and conversation disown the inward life and power of it exprest by the visible effects of true Grace as the work of regeneration and being born again Jo 3.3 with all other visible signes of Repentance from dead Works and Faith towards God as Hebr. 6.1 to be necessary qualifications for Gospel-fellowship which may be discerned either by their palpable ignorance as Nicodemus Joh. 3.4 or otherwise by their apparent enmity to or scorn of gracious qualifications in others by deriding the godly as holy brethren and sisters or by the scorning the spirit in its gifts and graces in the Saints Now such though they may profess the form do visibly deny the power of godliness from whom we have an express rule to withdraw 2 Tim. 3.5 From such turn away and from such doubtless the Apostle presseth the Corinthians to separate themselves 2 Cor. 6.14 15 16 17. Be ye not unequally â—â—aked together with unbeleevers for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness and what commmunion hath light with darkness And what concerd hath Christ with Belial or what part hath he that beleeveth with an Infidel And what agreement hath the Temple of God with Idols for ye are the Temple of the living God as God hath said I will dwell in them and walk in them and I will be their God and they shall be my people Wherefore come out from among them and be ye separate saith the Lord and touch not the unclean thing and I will receive you 2. Second sort of persons that the Scripture is clear the Churches and Servants of God are to separate from is from persons holding opinions or living in Practises contrary to Godliness I mean such opinions as tends to a denying of God to be a patterne of Life in his revealed communicable qualities manifested by his word and by the Life of Christ who was the express Image of his Father Heb. 1.3 and the lives of his holy Prophets and Apostles concerning which Paul to Timothy gives an express command 1 Tim 6.3 If any man teach otherwise and consent not to wholesom words even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ and to the doctrine which is according to Godliness c. from such withdraw thy self and further in the first Chapter and 1 verse But thou oh man of God flie these things and follow after Righteousness Godliness c. Nay the same Apostle to Titus makes this the distinguishing Character of the true faith Titus 1.1 Paul a Servant of God according to the faith of Gods Elect and the truth which is according to Godliness So in Titus 2.11 12 verses for the grace of God which bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men teaching us that denying ungodliness and worldly lusts we should live soberly righteously and godly in this present World and by well considering the scope of those three short Epistles you may plainly observe what the Apostles meaning was by doctrines according to Godliness in all persons of what State of condition soever as in People towards Magistrates 1 Tim 2.1 2 3. Titus 3.1 In Ministers in their places Chap. 3. Chap. 4.6.12 vers 2 Tim. 2.15.24 Chap. 4.2 Titus 1.6 7 8 9. in private Christians towards their Ministers Chap. 5.1 17 18 19. In Servants towards Masters Chap. 6.1 2. Titus 2.9.10 In rich toward the poor Chapter 6.17 18 19 verses In aged men Titus 2 2. In aged women Titus 2 3 4. In young women Titus 2.4 5. In young men vers 6. Teaching us by all those Scriptures with all other of like tendency in the Word of God that then are Opinions to be esteemed contrary to the truth which is according to Godliness when they tend to break the Bonds of natural and Civil relations and to slight the duties of them and fill the Heads and minds of Christians with loose
avoid that disadvantage to the truth pleaded for my weak handling of it may administer and content my self with some few more general Objections and so conclude with some directions to such whose hearts are groaning under the Divisions of Saints Object Though this comfortable State of the Churches unity in Gospel-worship be a desirable thing yet it it not possible to be attained untill the glorious estate of the Church the time of fulfiling those promises of unity quoted by you pag. 56.57 and therefore to labour to attanie to impossibilities in an uncomfortable work Answ The same objection might have been made in the Apostles time and in the primitive State of the Church and yet you find they pressed and laboured after the Churches unitie and so far prevailed as we never heard of more universal Churches Christ had on earth but one though in that Church several different opinions about several weighty points yet they preserved an union in Church-state and did not unchurch nor unsaint one another untill these latter days wherein the Spirit of division hath been in its raigne and strength And there is as much reason to object against all our endeavours after all other graces and spiritual attainments because the perfection and fulness of them is reserved for that glorious day for until then our knowledge will be but darkly as through a glasse 1 Cor. 13.9.12 but then we shall know as we are known we shall then see face to face vers 12. then shall knowledge cover the earth as waters do the Sea Esay 11.19 we shall all then know the Lord from the least to the greatest Jer. 31.34 And so holiness and purity is now very imperfect We are now all the Sons of God but it doth not yet appear what we shall be but when he shall appear we shall be like him 1 John 3.2 the way of the Lord shal then be called the way of holiness the unclean shall not pass over it Isa 35.8 In that day there shall be upon the bells of the Horses holiness to the Lord Zach. 14.20 then shall Terusalem be holy there shall no stranger pass through her any more Joel 3.17 Yet I hope none will object from these Scriptures knowledge and holiness is reserved for the glorious state of the Church and therefore why do ye press to an encrease of it until the fulfilling of those glorious promises Therefore though the perfection of the Saints union be reserved for the last and glorious times of the Church yet the labouring after the measure of the present day is to not be omitted but rather to be laboured for as a mercy that must forerun many other precious mercies the Saints seem at this day to be in expectation of that I may say in this case as was said of our Saviour Mat. 13.58 Mar. 6.5 he could not do many mighty works among them because of their unbelief so the Lord cannot do many works amongst us because of our divisions and therefore we should esteem the unity of the Saints a mercy that would make way for abundance of other mercies for those glorious promises relating to the glorious estate of Christs Church in the latter dayes are to be fulfilled to all the Saints whether of Paul Apollo or Cephas And therefore Isaiah stirs up all Gods people to gladness and rejoycing at that day Isa 66. 10. Rejoyce ye with Jerusalem and be glad with her All ye that love her rejoyce with joy with her all ye that mourn for her That ye may suck and be satisfied with the brests of her consolation that ye may milk out and be delighted with the abundance of her glory And so Isa 4.5 The Lord shal create upon every dwelling place of mount Sion and upon her assemblies a cloud and smoke by day and the burning of a flaming fire by night for upon all the glory shall be a defence So Zach. 14.5 And the Lord my God shall come and All the Saints with thee And so the generality of those precious promises relating to the last and glorious state of the Church doth hold forth an universality of peace purity and glory to the whole Church to all Saints which the divided State of the Church is uncapable of receiving and therefore such whose souls long for the day of the Churches glory should take heed that therein they do not hurry the Saints besides or beyond the means of its present Unity for the obstructing the latter is an eminent means to hinder the former and such as will defer the work of the Saints Unity prest for untill that glorious day shall never have an oppotunity of casting their Mite into that Treasury for the Vnity of that day shall stand in no need of their help The Lord alone shall be exhalted as the Vniter of his Church in that day there shall then be no night there and they need no candle neither light of the Sun for the Lord God shall give them light Reu. 22.5 It would be taken for a very strange answer from a Physitian to a sick person that desired his help that when he was well he would come cure him since the whole needs no Physitian but those that are sick which Answer agrees much with this Objection Which I have been the larger in answering in regard I have often met with it from the most moderate against this Gospel union who though they have seemed to be convinced of the duty yet would quiet their consciences in the neglect of their uttermost endeavour to obtain it from the consideration that it was not to be expected until the last and glorious times That until there was an unity of knowledge and judgement there could be no unity in Church-fellowship alledging that Scripture How can two walk together unless they be agreed which Scripture others of like tendency are evidently mistaken when applied in this case for such an agreement as to have no difference of understanding among Saints and that in considerable weighty points was never yet on earth yet Gods Church hath preserved its unity And therefore it is to be considered that the union we are capable of attaining unto and ought to press after in this day of our imperfection is not to proceed from the perfection of our understanding in the same things but from the exercise of grace one towards another whiles thus differing to which purpose the Lord hath supplyed his people with several special graces which are chiefly applicable in this special duty and there fore ye may observe that generally exhortations to union as the end do provoke to the exercise of such graces as are proper thereunto as the means as for instance Ephes 4.1 2 3. That ye walk worthy of the vocation whereunto ye called are with all lowliness and meekness with long suffering forbearing one another in love verse 2. And further let all bitterness wrath and anger and clamour and evil speaking be put away from you with all malice
the daughter of their people Now to such I have these following directions to propose Though you do not think it convenient to engage your selves in the controversies of the times as they tend to estrange the hearts and alienate the affections of good People one from another yet to engage your selves in a controversy against controversies managing of it with a spirit of love and tenderness which may so much tend in the fruits of it to the endearing and uniting of the hearts of Saints one to another that may be worth your engaging in If you observe what is said page 32 33 34 35 36. you will there see how all the servants of God in all ages contended against the contentions in the Church and laboured to preserve union amongst Saints as the main duty And therefore in the first place I would begg of you to stir up your own hearts with all the Saints near you to be much in prayer for this mercy set special times apart to meet together to wrestle with the Lord about it this is a difficult and a great work and prayer hath done many such all those late great mercies that God hath bestowed upon his People in these Nations which they are now so unable to agree about the dividing of were all by many gracious and eminent instruments received and acknowledged to be the returns of Prayer I shall close this request with Joels exhortation Chap. 2.17 Let the Priests the Ministers of the Lord weep between the Porch and the Altar and let them say Spare thy People O Lord and give not thy heritage to reproach that the Heathen should use a by-word against them wherefore should they say among the People Where is their God 2. Give up your selves to study and propagate this truth for among the multitude of books that this day hath produced I have found few though I have diligently enquired and sought for them of this subject And had I not been wearied with long delayed expectation I should not durst to have made an Essay upon this work but I hope if it be of no other use it may serve to provoke some of you to lay your hand to this plough least such unskilful ones as my self is should spoile a good cause by badly managing it 3. Set upon some beginnings in Gospel-fellowship upon this Gospel principle I am perswaded the Lord would prosper and blesse it against this Spirit of division as the house of David against Sauls it shal grow stronger and stronger and the other weaker and weaker the Lord seems to be withdrawing his good spirit of his quickening sanctifying comforting grace from the People with whom the spirit of division is most predominate even pouring upon the head of dividers what he threatned to back-sliders Prov. 14.14 even to fill them with their own wayes that they are even wearied with the multitude of their divisions and contentions and such as are sincerely sensible thereof are ready to cry out with David Psal 120.6 My soul hath long dwelt with him that hateth peace unto whom your feet will be beautiful that bring good tydings that publish peace Esay 52.7 when they shall observe by your Order and spirituall concord how good and pleasant a thing it is for brethren to dwell together in unity as Psal 133.1 If you have already the charge of a particular Church labour to instruct them in this precious truth which when they have received endeavour to manifest it and make it known to all the Godly round about that you are in charity and desire to be in fellowship with them and all the godly or visible Beleevers in the World But if you be not engaged to any particular Church at present then make known your judgment to al that feares God near unto you and press them to their dutys to congregate themselves together and to have fellowship one with another in all Ordinances so farr as the Lord hath enlightned them therein which when obtained proceed as before Object But in case the Churches or at least a great part of them over whom the Lord hath set us be so averse to this truth that the promoting of it among them may hazard a breach betwixt us or at least a division in the Churche show should we then walk in the prosecution of this duty Answ Either such an aversness must proceed from a conscientious godly fear that some other truth of Christ they have received may be prejudiced thereby Otherwise from a contentious unruly frame of spirit not being able to bear the sincere and savory advice and instruction of those the Lord hath set over them If from the former a great deal of tenderness and Christian patience ought to be exercised toward them and endeavours used to satisfie them that your main aim and intendment in promoting this duty is to take away the cause from whence all grievances of that hand come and to provide that an equal provision of Liberty and opportunity may be to all conscientiously professing or practising any controverted point without the least discouragement or restraint which is as much as any sober mind can desire If from the latter lesse weight is to be put upon it saith Paul if any man seem to be contentious we have no such custom neither the Churhes of God 1 Cor. 11.16 And so to Titus There are many unruly and vain talkers whose mouths must be stopped Titus 1.10 11. Rebuke them sharply that they may be sound in the faith vers 13. These things speak and exhort and rebuke with all authority let no man despise thee Chapter 2.15 when Christians contain not themselves within the bounds of a sober gracious spirit whether the matter they strive about be truth or error their pride passion unruliness ought to be reproved But if in case they all should agree to dissent in this matter and will retain their former rule of separation yet if they be willing to allow that liberty to others that they desire to enjoy themselves separate not from them but the rather abide with them as with a Church of Christ that most needs your help For Christians much more ministers should not somuch consider where they may walk to enjoy most comfort and Christian liberty c. but rather where they may be most serviceable to the Lord and the weak diseased of his People for the whole need not the Physitian But though I do judge you ought to condiscend to the weakness of your Brethren and to walk with all Christian and brotherly affection towards them yet not herein with Peter Gal. 2.12 13. to dissemble the truth or to suffer any of the same society to be imposed on by them but your selves withall like-minded to manifest your charity towards and desire of fellowship with all the Saints on earth and as your occasions give you opportunity to evidence your principle by your practice Object But in case the Church with whom wee walk should be so offended as
As in the former Cases so in this there must be a great deal of regard had to the disposition of mind and nature of the Principles from which such persons dissent or oppose for that may much aggravate or extenuate their evill and thereby much differ the Rule of your walking towards them for if such opposition or dissent proceed from that common Principle and Spirit of opposition and contempt which generally the Popish and Prelatical people walk in against holy qualifications and purity of worship prest after by the Godly then to walk towards them as persons holding only the form of Religion but denying the power of it but if such dissent or opposition proceed from a conscientious mind charitably disposed towards the godly thus walking only differing in judgment as to the Rules of Church-membership then such a conscientious dissent and charitable mind on the one hand requires a suitable deportment on the other then though you ought not to own them nor joyne with them in an union of Church-state in regard their Principles and practices may wast the visible bounds of Christs Church viz. Regeneration and Sanctifying faith yet to walk towards them with all Christian tenderness and charitable respect owning what is good in them as well as rejecting what is evill that though you cannot own them in the state in which they stand as true Gospel Churches in regard the Principle by which they walk opens the door to all materiall pollution and the body of the matter of which they are built are not living stones yet you may own their persons whiles in that State as Gospel brethren and perform towards them all dutyes of Gospel brotherhood which they are capable as particular Christians to receive and are willing to accept of at your hands and such of them as the Lord hath by his Providence called by his graces spiritual gifts qualified for the work of the ministry they making it their maine business to convert Souls to Christ and to press their hearers to sanctification and Godly life they ought doubtles to be highly esteemed for their works saâ—â— and to be frequently prayed for that God would give them utterance that they may open their mouths boldly to make known the mystery of the Gospel as in Eph. 6.19 and the success of their labours to be as much prized and thanks to be as duly returned to the Lord for it as for the success of those in Gospel Order herein Christ set us an example Mark 9.39 shewing this reason for it he that is not against us is on our part verse 40. And so Paul though some preached Christ of envy and contention Phil. 1.15.16 yet saith he what then notwithstanding every way whether in pretence or truth Christ is preached and I do therein rejoyce yea and will rejoyce therein verse 18. so that I do judge though there cannot be an union of Church State with such yet there ought to be a tender and charitable deportment towards such as visible Saints and Gospel Brethren Object But there are many who will be excluded amongst the number of common professors that though there be nothing appearing in them that evidences a work of grace or true conversion yet they are not prophane scandalous persons nor despisers nor raylers at Godliness but seem to be sensible of their own ignorance and desirous to be further informed in the power and mystery of the Gospel Now how ought we to walk towards such must we esteem them as Idolaters or Heathens because they are not visible Converts and walk in a false way of worship Answ As I do judge the grace of Christ in Saints where it hath its kindly work dos naturally tend to humble lay low Saints in their own eyes and makes them vile in their own sight so it doth as naturally tend to work in them a tender heart and charitable affections towards all others in whom the least appearance of love to Christ is found rather directing them to erre in matters in the least doubtfull in charity then in Severity for that great Gospel grace of Charity which the Scripture so much magnifies and gives the preheminence above all other graces unto 1 Cor. 13. is only then usefull when the case is doubtfull for where certain evidences of things are there needs not Charity to Chancellorize for then our understanding and judgment of themselves are able to determine which being defective and subject to erre in doubtful cases the Lord hath provided Charity to be Chancellor in the Conscience whose business is when the severity of a rule tends to oppress to moderate and prefer mercy and equity before severity and exactness of rule therefore wherein the case may be in any measure doubtful Charity must then supply the defect of visible evidences at least to suspend thy judgement on the severe hand And therefore I answer you ought not to esteem them either Heathens or Idolaters but Christians though their conditions were much more doubtfull then the qualification in your objection states them to be for I do judge a sense of ignorance with a sincere desire after further knowledge in the mystery of the Gospel are if not signes of the new birth yet evident signes of spiritual pangs that prepare for it and ought instead of being so vilified and slighted to be taken into the Churches care and watch who is in that case to perform the part of a compassionate tender and spiritual midwife by using all means to encourage strengthen and comfort such soules lest there shall want strength to bring forth yet not administer the Seals until there be Evidence of a new Creature for first God must subscribe the evidence you must be able to read his hand in a visible work of grace before you ought to apply his Seals which are to be a visible confirmation of the new Covenant agreement between God and the soul. But doubtless not only in these cases but towards all professing Christianity Gods people ought to demeane themselves with all tenderness and respect and avoid all provoking and harsh carriage either in word or deed that shall tend to the hardning and incensing of them against the precious wayes of God and to shew out of a good conversation their workes with meekness of wisedome Paul fearing the spirits of the Saints in this case exhorts the Collossians to walke in wisdome towards them that are without and that their speech should be alwaies with grace seasoned with salt that they might know how they ought to answer every man Chap. 4 5 6. And so to the Thessalonians studdy to be quiet and to do your own business c. that ye may walke honesty towards them that are without c. 1 Thes 4.11.12 But if Christians were more exercised in considering the riches and freeness of Gods Grace to their poore souls and of their own vileness and unworthiness of the least part thereof if they would more look unto the Rock