can greatly hurte them Which persons althoughe with dainty fare idle life and much Sleepe they bring themselues many times to this porzynes corpulencie yet they be not so daungerously sicke whē any discrasie happeneth as they that be of the same constitution and state from their firste begīning For although some which in their youth were slender leane happen afterward to be fat grosse and fleshie yet their veynes Arteryes and other passages and cunduites of their bodyes remaine still large and wyde which thing plainlye appeareth whensoeuer they feeling themselues not wel at ease haue any occasion to be let bloud For in this accidentall habite of body althoughe the party be fat and forgrowen yet the veynes lye not hid vnappearing as in them that naturally be grosse but swel out and plainlye appeare to the eye offering thēselues to the Laūce by incisiō hāsomly to be cut Therfore although this moyst Cōplexion being cherished by heat be laudable good for that it prolongeth life differreth and keepeth away Oldage suffereth not the body to grow into drynesse yet if it exceede toofarre or stand in the point of extremity it is daungerous For when by reason of the veynes beinge ful the body ceasseth to be nourished and the faculties of nature which distribute nourishmente intermit their office and cannot worke in this case needes must the body go to wracke and incurre inconuenience so that eyther sodaine death therupon ensueth or els al least some rupture of y Vessels and veynes happeneth These things being considered it shal be good speedely and in time to forsee breake this habite and disposition and by y meanes of moderate euacuation abstynence and watchinge to preuente further daunger vsing such a prescripte diet and ordinary as best serueth to reduce the bodye into a safer and lesse daungerous Constitution For this is genera lye to be noted that a bodye is not to be accompted reckened moyst in respecte of abundaunce of excrements and humours but of a temperate moystnes of all the parts and of the whole proportionably together wyth which tēperate moysture naturall heate is fedde and nouryshed and life therby many yeares prolonged Finis Libri Primi THE SECONDE BOOKE WHER IN AS IN A GLASSE is plainly and liuelye described the perfecte state and expresse Image of euery particuler Nature By the vvhich euery man may most readily finde out the very right Constitution plight condition affect and disposition of his ovvne Body ¶ Of a Compounde Complexion The first Chapter COmpounde Complexions consistinge of two qualities a piece are in nūber foure like as y symple be vz hoat and Moyst Hoat and Dry Cold and Moyst Colde Drye vnto whom there belong and are appendant so many Humours diffused into euery parte of the whole body Bloud Phlegme Choler Melācholie These according to the nature of nourishmēt receyued are encreased or diminished suffring chaūg alteration are easelye one into an other transmuted And albeit these humours being of great force diuers wayes and sondryly affecting the bodye yea the wyth fulsome and vnpleasaunte exhalations and sentes is oftentimes greatly annoyed and encūbred euen as ill naughtye wyne bringeth to the brayne affects both hurtful and daūgerous may not be accompted Elementes neyther are able to constitute any Complexion yet are they endued wyth Elementall qualitye and vertue and helpe much to the conseruation keeping of the whole body in good plight and order For as wee see the fyer to be fedde wyth matter combustible and Torches Lynkes Candles and such like nouryshed wyth Oyle or some other rosennye and fattie substaunce so lykewise the elementall qualities and all the powers and faculties of nature derpued into the vital spermaticke seede of our Parents do stande in continuall neede of nourishment For if the body should not be susteyned wyth nourishment or if the humours which moystē euery particuler member should lack the preseruatyues and fomentations wherewyth they be maynteyned the whole frame of mans body must of necessity decaye and be vtterly dissolued and euery part thereof vanishe away into his lyke whereof it was generated or into that whose nature it conteyneth wythin it selfe whether it do participate with Fyer Apre Earth Water or drawe neere in nature and be famylier to any of them They depend mutually one of an other and are stedfastly maynteyned by the helpe and stay one of an other Neyther is there any parte in mans body so small so vyle or so abiect that hath not respect to the comelynesse and conseruation of the whole bodye doth orderly discharge his due office and proper function whereunto it was created And this I would not haue to be onely spoken and ment of y vse and vtility of euery of the members partes seuerally but also of the humours which by the helpe of nourishment do meynteine supporte and vnderproppe the temperamente and complexion of eche body and by the helpe of naturall heate do geeue increase and growth to al the members generally For which cause Hippocrates and Galene not wythout good reason apoint the foure naturall humours being perfect and pure the Elements of Creatures endued wyth bloud for out of theym commeth a secundarie oryginall of oure procreation For they mynister matter plentifully and helpe highly in the breedinge and shaping of the Infante or yonglinge specially if the body be well ballassed wyth good holesome meates and now and then heated wyth a draught of good wyne for without these Venus games are perfourmed but faintly sorilie which thing seemeth to be ment by the yong Strypling Chremes in Terence who being sober beganne to abhorre and loath his harlot and Concubine but beynge wel whittled in wyne to take therin gret delight and pleasure and not scarse able to qualefie himselfe from committinge further follie wyth her as in this Prouerbiall sentence he flatly professed Take meate and drincke and vvyne avvay Small is the lust to Venus play For the Testicles Genitories and members of generation draw vnto them frō the principall mēbers and conuert into Seede the best most exquistielye concocted humours Which seede hauing 〈◊〉 great store of effectuous profitable Spyrit is the worker of heate of all the other faculties and in the begetting and procreation of Children is the chiefe parent and causer Into it is a wonderful vertue and diuine power by Gods good will and appoyntmente infused for the shaping and fashioning of the yong Creature wythin the mothers wombe for it produceth a fruict of seemely most beautifull workemanship rightly shapen and in ech poynt perfectly proporcioned if the Seede wherof it was begotten do issue from a sound and holesome body for otherwyse if the seede be of a diseased corrupt and infected bodye the issue and ofspringe cannot choose but be monstruous and deformed Somewhat therfore to recreate the Reader to make this argument more
and cheerish it For if it be sincere and pure not mingled wyth anye straunge or forrayne quality it causeth tranquillity of minde frameth maners in good order fashiō and finally qualifyeth and calmeth all affections The minde of man to honestie it frames And vvith the loue of vertuous life enflames But if it be any whitte infected or wyth anye vyce soyled then is the quietnes of the minde disturbed and stirred to manye inconuenient enormities For as great blustering wynds vppon the Sea and Lande cause greeuous terrible and raginge tempestes and much other harme to ensue So likewyse if the Spirites be disquieted oute of frame they ingender and procure diuers sortes of affections in the minde carye the same mauger all reason like a shippe wythout guide and Rother vppon the rockes of sondry inconueniences Now the thinges wherewyth our inwarde Spirites are moste dulled quenched and damnifyed are these fulsome Ayre ouermuich carnal copulation vnseasonable watching excessiue heate chafing and labour longe fasting heauines of the minde and sadnesse Accordinge to that saying of the wyse man A mery hart maketh a lustie age but a sorovvfull Spirit dryeth vp the bones Heauinesse bringeth olde age before the times and carefulnes vveareth avvaye a mans dayes But quiet and seasonable sleepe good pure wel relished wyne meery company moderate exercise sweete sinelles and fragraunt sauours refreshe the Spirits quicken and reuiue them yea being dulled and greatly impayred Which is euident to be seene in such as falling into traūces and lying for a time as dead yet by the smell of sweete sauours are broughte againe and recouered into theyr former state For seinge that the Spirite is a certayne vapour effluence or expyratiō proceding out of the humours it standeth vs vppon to vse the moste exquiste diet that may be to th end that the meates and nourishmēts being laboured into good holesome iuyce may make the Spirits pure syncere and perfect And thus sweete ayre pleasaūt sentes deuoyd of grosse and fustie vapours strykinge vp into the brayne do marueylously comfort and clarifye the instruments of the Senses and enable them to do perfourme al theyr proper actions And although the Heart in a mā be as the Wel spring or fountaine from whom the Spirits are deriued because the Arteryes come from it euen as synewes from the Brayne and veynes from the Lyuer yet notwithstanding accordinge to the diuersitye and nature of the place they are called by other names and haue other powers appropriate vnto them Of these and al other faculties reigning in man the principall and oryginall beginning is at the very principles and beginninge of generation to witte generatiue seede and femynine bloude which be afterwarde conserued and maynteyned by nourishmentes euen as the flame is wyth oyle and out of these the Spirits proceede For the better vnderstāding of all which things I will particularly set downe the procreation of the Spirits wyth theyr nature power differēce and effectes beginninge first at the powers and faculties natural For by theyr office is it brought to passe that the meate we eate is concocted turned into the nourishmēt of the body Also ther be foure vertues whereby all lyuing Creatures wyth meate receyued are nourisshed encreased The first attractiue the secōd retentiue the third digestiue and the fourth expulsiue To wich vertues or powers appendant and belonging to all the parts of the body the first chiefe originall of the Spirites oughte to be referred For first assoone as the meate is mynced chawed wyth the teeth it descēdeth into the stomack beinge thither attracted then digested and made substantiall and turned to the proper nourishmēt and encrease of the member And such part or porcion thereof as serueth not to this vse it refuseth and reiecteth Here therefore the Spirite hath his first beginning And if nature be good stronge in this office of digestion it happeneth thereby that the Spirites be made pure cleare and syncere but if concoction bee hindred or any other distemperatnes happen thē is the meate altered and chaunged into vaporous belchinge stinking fumes and fulsome breathing which ascending vp out of the stomack disturbe and hurt the brayne and minde insomuche y such persons are easely quicklye prouoked to brawlinge chiding strife and dissention For when the Humours be not sufficiently and ynough concoted and attenuate vnpure Spirites proceede out of them enforcing a manifest alteration of the state aswell of the body as of the minde And therefore in anye wyse cruditie is to be auoyded because it maketh ill humours troubled Spirits aswell of meates of good iuyce as of those y are bad albeit the diseases engendred by want of concoction of meates hurtfull bee worse and of more daunger For they cause loathsome smelles and fulsome belchings and make the body to breake oute illfauourably in euerye place wyth scabbes botches blaynes and mangmesse For when there is aboundance of humours in the body it cānot be chosē but Agues must nedes bee engendred of that continuall obstruction and putrefaction and stoare of diseases muste needes spring oute thereof vnlesse those excrementes by continual labour and conuenient exercise be purged and the humours reduced into good bloud For then a sweete pleasaūt sente proceding therout comforteth the head and tempereth and connenientlye moysteneth the brayne Otherwyse if concoction be troubled there do strike vp into the head grosse fumie vapours such as by exāple we see greene woode to make that is smered and couered ouer wyth pitch and talowe And hereupon it happeneth that the minde sometime conceyueth straunge and absurde imaginations yea sometimes falleth into dotage rauing madnesse phrensie melancholy furie or some other distemperaunce But if the Stomacke do his parte and office throughly if concoction be not altogether hindered and that the passages aboute the Lyuer and the other partes of the body do giue free passge to the humours then the vaspours ascēding vp into the head are nothing so hurtfull neyther do they greatlye disturbe and trouble the inward minde and yet is not a man altogether cleare and free from affections but they be such I saye as hee hath in his owne power easely to qualifye stay and inhibite Naturall Spirite therefore beinge made of the purest alimente in the Lyuer is the beginninge of the residue For by it is the vitall spirite and the animall also nourished insomuch that the power or facultie animall vseth the spirit natural as an instrument to these great affections and motions whereunto retecting and litle regarding right reason we are many times prouoked For euen as in a ciuill tumulte and sedicious vprore among the common people the Magistrate hath much ado to appease and mollifye the wilfull peoples rage and headinesse so likewise reason is not able easely to subdue the lewd affections and vnbrydled motions that grow by immoderate gurmandyze surphet and dronkennesse
so shakâ— of and forgotteÌ„ appoint onely foure to wit them that be coÌ„pound vnto whoÌ„ they haue geeuen names not of their qualities but somwhat vnaptly of those coÌ„monly termed knoweÌ„ humours y is to say SaÌ„guine Cholerique Phlegmatique MelaÌ„cholique by y squyer leauel of whoÌ„ they wold haue these 4. differeÌ„ces of coÌ„plexioÌ„ or teÌ„perature to be reduced tryed Which dealiÌ„g reasoniÌ„g of theirs as it sauoreth of populer iudgmeÌ„t learning to the common sort very plaussble so standeth it not with the precise opynion and censure of them that would haue eche thing skanned and measured in his righte nature and kinde In the meane season I as one desirous to recoÌ„cyle Physitions thus factiously iarrynge in opynion and woulde God this vniformitye and attonement were also broughte to passe in matters of ReligioÌ„ for the better quieting of many mens Consciences both parties shall suffer the chiefe place to be assigned and geeuen to the hoate and moyst Complexion excepting alwayes as I said before the temperatest of all whereunto as at a marcke we must direct our mynd and leauel our whole matter that by it euery man may trye his owne nature which so loÌ„g as it is in his perfect strength vigour quality produceth bringeth foorth a Sanguine man. And thus there is in a maner no differeÌ„ce neither preiudiciall to anye partye eyther to call it by the name of a hoate and moyst Complexion or els by the terme of a Sanguine man who by the benefite of this holesome humour conteyneth hath within him these qualities albeit Bloud it selfe for wee will keepe all thinges wythin their prescripte limittes doth not engender and cause heate and moystnes but rather heate and moysture produceth Bloud Now Bloud of all iuyces and humours is the best and to mans life an alimente and maintener chiefly appropriat famylier and domesticall for throughe the force furtheraunce of vitall Spirite which is the preseruer and seÌ„der of natural heate into euery part of the bodye Bloud is conueighed by the cunduytes and Vesselles of the Arteryes and Veynes so both nourisheth mainteyneth and preserueth the whole body And for that this pure cleare defecate loouely and amyable Iuyce is the special thing that conserueth euery lyuinge Creature in his beynge wherein also consisteth the lyfe and vigour of euerye nature that lyueth by breath therefore the Hebrew Lawmaker Moses by the direction and appointmente of God himselfe forbadde all maner of bloud to be eateÌ„ because the lyfe of al Creatures coÌ„sisteth in bloud is therwyth nourished and mainteyned euen as the flame of a Candle is with the Oylie weeke as it plainly appeareth by a man that bleedeth verye much whose bodye is then in euery part cold wanne for want thereof fayntinge and in a maner readye to geeue vp the Ghost I haue knowen many whose vitall spyrite bleedinge out and yssuinge together wyth their bloud haue been thereby brought into great daunger of their liues And therefore this treasure of Lyfe must moste carefullye be conserued because it is of all Humours the most excellent wholesome Nowe as the Arteries which abounde more wyth vitall spyrite then wyth bloud spring from the heart so the Veynes which conteyne more bloud then ayrie spyrite proceede and spryng froÌ„ the Lyeuer and are dispersed abroad in brauches and fibres into euerye yea the verye furtheste places of the body For the Lyuer is the shoppe and chiefe workemaster of grosse thicke bloude althoughe the first oryginall thereof be ascribed to the Heart by whose power faculty the bloud is made and throughly wrought being endued wyth vitall spyrite conueigheth naturall heat to eche part of the body Bloud and vital Spyrite are in their chiefest Pryme and most abound in lusty and flourishing yeares albeit there is no age that lacketh the same although in old worne age bloud begynneth to draw to a coldnes the vital spyrit then neyther so hoate neither so stronge and effectuous which thinge as it is in them well to bee obserued and perceyued by their frequente gestures and often moouing of the body and the partes thereof yet specially maye it be seene noted by their colour which in a yonge lusty Stryplyng and youthfull body of good constitution is ruddy and fresh but in them that be further stryken in yeares or further of from this temperamente is not so pure so beautifull nor so pleasaunt to behold for that all their comelynesse beauty is eyther faded awaye or throughe some euill humours and hidden imperfection or blemishe appeareth in them worse then in the yonger sort So many being affected or disteÌ„pered in their Splene wombe Lyuer ventricle and Lunges are commonly either pale yelow tawnie dunne duskie or of some other ill fauoured colour There is no surer way sayth Galene certainly to knowe the humours and iuyce in a Creature then by the colour and outward complexion If the body loke very whyte it is a token that phlegme in that body chiefely reigneth most aboundeth If it be pale or yelow it argueth the humour to bee greatly Melancholique and Cholerique and the bloude to be freshe and reddye if it be blackish it betokeneth blacke adust Choler specially if no outwarde accidentall occasion happen as great heate or chafing labour or wearynesse or if the mynde bee not intoxicate and perplexed wyth affectes and passions as Angre Ioye Sorow Care pensyuenes for these make the humours sometyme to resort vnto the skynne vtter parts and sometime to hyde and conueyghe themselues farre inwardly and for this cause wee see men y are fumish and testy to be in a marueylous heat proceeding not of any sticknesse or discrasse but of â–ª the motion and stirring of the humours againe them that be affrighted and in mynde amazed to be pale Some to loke as wanne as Lead some whyte and swartie sometyme blewyshe sometime of sondrye colours all which betoken crude humours and raw iuyce to beare rule and swaye in the bodye eyther of phlegme glasselyke toughe or of some other sort or els many rotteÌ„ humours clamped vp in y bodye which by outward tokeÌ„s and signes bewray shew themselues what they be and what they signifie They therefore that be of a hoate and moyst constitution and haue greate store of bloude wythin theim are of a purple and reddie coloure softe warme and smooth skinned comely of stature of reasonable feacture fleshye bodyed and a little roughe aburne heyred redde or yealow bearded and comely bushed of which feacâ—ure plight and bodely shape the Scripture witnesseth that Dauid was who beyng after that Saule was cast of and reiected appointed King and onnoyâ—ted by Samuel was of a brownish Complexâ—oÌ„ excellent beauty well fauoured in sight and 〈◊〉 â—â—tenauÌ„ce very cheerefull and amyable Such a comety grace and Princelye shape was to be scene in the moste victorious Prince Philip Kinge
theyr lustyest time which haue no care no orderly respect nor choise in preseruation and maintenaunce of theyr bodely health To this very ende and effecte is that holesome admonition of the wyseman Take heede to thy selfe least thou die before thy time By which sayinge hee warneth euery one so to order and dispose his lyfe that throughe riot and vntemperate dealing he hasten not his death before his time and before he haue in a maner ruÌ„ne halfe his race Now let euery man coÌ„sider with himself how myserable and how wearysome also it is to haue a bodye neuer in health but altogether martyred with sicknes and soares reason beinge mastered banished and oppressed to haue the mind defiled and vtterly wyth inward vices polluted Howe can lyfe I say be vnto such a man pleasaunte or sweete or howe can the minde bee quiet and well stayed Forsomuch therefore as nothing is better then health let euery man diligently looke to the same and marke how much he hath swarued and strayed from moderate order and temperature This consideration wyth himselfe shall worke in him much good effecte and stand him in greate steede that in case his bodye be lustie and healthfull hee maye in the same state stil continue and cheerish it wyth helpes and preseruations thereto conuenient But if it be falleÌ„ into worse plight and not in so good case of soundnes as before it was then to seeke wayes and meanes how to recure bring it againe to his former state of healthines For as humours are easely chaunged one into another and suffer mutuall transmutacion throughe moderate exercise and such conuenient meats and nourishmeÌ„ts as to natural heat are cherishable So agayne the ill distempered state of bodye throughe holesome diet and order is made lustier and refourmed into better And euen as wee see members fractured burste wrenched and dislocated to be brought into theyr right places agayne so may health beinge empayred bee restored and reduced into his former integritie For the mindes and bodyes of men be in a maner as it were yong Sproutes trees which being artificially handled and cunninglye dealt wythall yea although afore wield and vnfruitfull yet as Virgill sayth If they be graft a nevve and put in other chaunged soyle From nature vvilde vvhich earst they had They quight and cleane recoyle And yeld such fruite as best you lyke by force of handy toyle Contrarywyse if the husbande be negligent carelesse his grounde becommeth barrayne rugged ouergrowen wyth wredes and disabled froÌ„ bearinge any grayne that is good or profitable The like reason is to be yelded of the mindes of men For there be many excellent witts and very towardly natures which by vnthrifty company and lewd education do degenerate from their good inclination of nature and become altogether rebellious wilfull lewde and barbarous Some againe whose nature is proue and inclinable to euill yet by helpe of learninge and good education are reclaymed and wonne from theyr froward disposition become worthy members stayes ornamentes in theyr Country And therefore no man is to thincke or perswade himselfe that an ill nature may not be altered sitheÌ„ce rude wittes not yet trayned to any discipline and learning may like soft waxe or as tractable and moyst claye be fashioned framed and made applyable to learne any knowledge and vertue any ciuilitye and by artificiall instruction bee trayned to conceyue Artes and behauiour both comely and commendable Thus likewyse in graffinge and planting which is as wittie a deuise as proper a feate as any we see wild trees to chaunge their olde nature and to beare fruite both holsome and toothsome Amonge wyeld Beastes also we see how the dilligence forecast wit and pollicie of man maketh them tame seruiceable An example hereof maye wee see in Mago a worthy Duke amonge the CarthaginiaÌ„s who as Plinie sayth was the first among them that durste wyth his hande stroake and handle a tamed Lion for which Acte his Countreyfolks attaynted him as one whom they thought not amisse to restrayne from liberty and debarre from authority for that his wysedom and wyse dealings seemed so excellent that they iudged him a man able to perswade any thing that him listed who had thus straungely trayned and tamed a wylde Lion. But that persons of Melancholique nature or of any other constitution whatsoeuer so that the distemperature haue not beene of to long coÌ„tinuaunce and the party to farre striken in age may be altered and brought to a better state there is no maÌ„ that needeth to doubt For who doth not plainly see that strong and very hoate wyne wyth cold water or other milder licour is may be alayed Semblably againe wyne that is smal myngled and of watry relice yet beinge put to other licour that is stronger and of a better grape is quickened and made both better and sharper And so humours in a man being eyther of themselues euil or meeting wyth others of other quality are through theyr coÌ„mixtion therewith qualifyed and waxe milder and leauinge theyr owne naturall qualitie are altered into an other of straunger nature effect and operation Thus is the heate of Choler by accesse and myxture of bloude phlegme mitigated Thus is phlegme by admixtion of yelow Choler heated and much â—bated from his owne colde and moyste quality becomming therby lesse hurtful to the body And in like sort may we conclude of all the rest Such nourishments and meates as engender good bloude iuyce are hereunto very auayleable out of which the humours spyrits which be the incensours and stirrers forwarde of the minde obtayne and receyue theyr nature Now there is nothinge more effectuall to make good perfecte digestion and to stirre vp the Spirites then sleepe exercise and wyne so the same be pure good and moderatelye vsed as the other also must bee For so doth it stirre vp make syncere liuely and cleare Spirites from whence proceedeth cheerefulnes ioy quicknes and myrth of the minde For the meates nourishments which by nature are laboured into humours being eaten and washed downe wyth good and holsome wyne haue freer passage into all the parts of the body and distribute theyr nourishment into them more effectually There is nothing therefore that so much banisheth phaÌ„syes sorrow out of a mans minde as pleasaunt merye companye and moderate vse of wyne And of this did that precise and sterne natured Zeno giue a notable example whose minde was so muche estraunged from all pleasaunte conceites ordinarye curtesies of coÌ„mon humanitye that hee was neuer at all moued wyth any affections no not such as be naturallye incidente and engraffed in euery man And yet when he was a litle whittled wyth wyne he began to chaunge his copye and to be as mery and as bone a companion as who was best And beinge on a time asked by one of his merye mates how it happened that he
being otherwyse so wōderfully seuere and crabbed yet at the wyne was so pleasaunt and conceiptuous hee merelye aunswered that he was like to a kinde of Pulse called Lupines Which kinde of Pulse although they be naturally bitter and by their bitternes of force to kill wormes yet the same being steeped soaked in water renounce and leaue all bitternes and become both sweete pleasaunt And this is naturally giuen to all men that when the body is refreshed wyth meate and drinck al bitternes sorrow and heauines is expelled and banished For the Spirites by moderate drinking of wyne are styrred vppe and the mind of man which in them that be fasting and hungry is faynt weake and like vnto fier raked ouer wyth ashes almost quenched is reuyued And this is the cause why a dead body is heauier thē a lyuing because all his Spirites are vanished and departed out of him and so likewyse is a fasting persō heauier then one that hath filled his belly and one that slepeth waightier then one that watcheth And therfore my fashion is to aduise and counsell Melācholique folkes and sullen natured personnes to vse banquetting and good cheere amonge honest and mery cōpany For thus after Plato wryteth the Poet. Euen olde Dan Catoes stomacke oft By vvyne vvas made to come aloft Which man although churlish sterne frowning yet did wyne so much driue away his naturall seueritye and grimme countenaunce that amonge the other guestes he became a pleasaunte companion and of manners very gentle and familiar For this worthy Gentleman although otherwise he was a very precise comptroller and of Stoicall grauity perceyued wel ynough that mās nature required som relaxatiōs delights and that it may not lōg cōtinue wythout som myrth pleasaunt recreation Let therefore euery man take surueigh of himself and serch out what his nature most desitreth in what state his body stādeth what thinge it is that he feeleth himselfe to be holpen and what to be offended wythall And if he finde the plighte and state of his bodye to be in equability and perfect temperatenes it shal be good to cheerishe and preserue it wyth his like but if it shrinck from his sayd temperate habite and decline to an intēperatenes then had it neede to be holpen and recured wyth his contraryes Thus if a man throughe aboundance of humours and stoare of bloude and Spirites feele himselfe prone to carnalitie and fleshlye luste let him by altering his order diet enioyne to himselfe a more strict ordinary frame his dealings to a more stayed moderation But if hee feele himselfe to bee of nature somewhat sulleyne and sterne giuē somwhat to be wayward whyning testye churlishe and intractable then reason wylleth suche a one to bee reclaymed to an order and trade of life gentler and pleasaunter insomuch it shall not be ill for such a one to frequent daūcing singing womens flatteryes alluremēts and embracings prouided alwayes that all the same be not otherwyse done nor ment but in honestye and comelines wythin a reasonable measure also within the bounds of lawfull wedlock For the state of Matrimony as Columella aduoucheth out of Xenophōs booke of Household is in such sorte appoynted by nature that in it is conteyned not onely the pleasaūtest but also the profitablest societye of life And least mankinde in processe of tyme should come to an vtter ruine and decay it pleased God by this lawfull meanes to ioyne man and woman together that of theyr inseperable combinacion the state of man should might by mutual helpe one of an other be eased and cōforted and that beside the loue and desire that they haue to bring furth children they mighte be tyed and bound together equally and indifferentlye to participate all fortune whatsoeuer shoulde betyde But for so much as approued and skilfull mē that haue written bookes for the mayntenaunce of mens health generally doe specially set downe these three principall thinges To eate moderately and leaue somevvhat vvith an appetite To vse conuenient exercise And to liue continently vvithout vvastinge seede of generation I take it to be the best waye to reduce the whole substaunce of the matter mayntenaūce of health to this prescribed rule and direction For seing that measurable repaste and feeding all surphet and glotony being banished maketh a sound body seing I say exercise by shaking of all drow tsinesse and slouth maketh the bodye stronge and liuely then no more but harkē what a short lessō Virgill giueth for the other No better vvaye the strength of minde And povvers thereof still to maintaine Then Venus play and Loue so blinde To shunne and vvarely to refrayne ¶ Of the nature and differences of Spirits what they worke in mans body and what affections they cause The second Chapter FOrasmuche as the Spirite is the originall maintener and conueigher of naturall heate whereunto moysture necessarilye adhereth that the Soule by the mynisterye and ayde thereof perfourmeth her powers and faculties and atchieueth all her actions it is requisite here next to discourse vpon it and vppon all the differences thereof For seinge there be three especiall thinges in whose temperature and moderation the health of mans body doth prīcipally cōsist vz. vitall moysture naturall heate Spirite which combineth all thinges and imparteth his force vertue nature vnto them our present purpose being considered we cannot by order choose but of necessity must presētly somwhat speake therof Vitall moysture is the nourishmente and matter of naturall heate whereupon it woorketh and by the benefite therof is maintayned and preserued With this Humour or vitall moysture is naturall heate fed and cheerished and from the same receyueth continuall mayntenaunce and from it participateth vitall power whereby all Creatures do liue are nourished encreased preserued procreated Spirite is the seate and caryer of Heate by whose helpe and mynisterye it is conueyed and sente by the conduites and passages of the Arteryes to euery seuerall part of the bodye Wherefore worthyly is this Spirite thought to be the chiefe and principal Instrument that procureth and executeth euery action These three do vnseperably cleaue together mutuallye helpe one an other and cannot be sundered wythout present death of the party and for this cause do wee thus in one definition expresse conclude and comprehend theyr force and nature wythin one definition Naturall heat is nothīg els but an originall humour wyth vitall spirite and heate totally moystened But forasmuch as Spirite conteyneth vitall heate and is of all the faculties ruler and directer spredeth it self most swiftly throughoute the whole body caryeth and extendeth his powers into euery part thereof vniuersally besyde this doth manifestly chaūge and alter the state both of body and minde therefore as the rest require great labour and diligēce vpon them to be bestowed so specially vpon this is the chiefest care to be takē to restore mayntein
they be but mere meycockes and persōs very effeminate shrynkinge at the least mishappe that happeneth and wyth the smallest griefe and feare that can bee theyr hartes fayle theim they as white as a kerchiefe Which difference of minde stomacke Lucane in the hurlyburlies of the ciuill warres in these Verses expressed and vttered Such as in th' East and scorching Clymes are bredde by course of kind And Countryes influence meycockes soft By daily proofe vve finde The North that colde and frostie it Such vveaklings none both breede The folkes there borne novvarres can daunt of death they haue no dread In this their errour happie they vvhom greatest feare of all Of death I meane cannot affray nor courage once appall They recke not they vvhat brunts they beare they feare not enmyes blade These laddes dare venture life and lymme in manly Martiall trade For whatsoeuer they be that haue thick grosse bloude haue consequently corpulent and stronge spirites and herevppon it groweth that they wil beare a grudge in memorye a longe time and not easelye forgette those motions and heddines that they once take hereuppon also it happeneth that many of them being woūded or hurt in fight vppon the sight of their owne bloude do runne vpō their enemy more fiercely and egrely and bestow theyr blowes more vehemently then afore But they that haue thinne bloude haue also slender spirits and suche as soone passe awaye Such are soone angry at the first very raging but by and by theyr anger is asswaged and cooled and assone as they haue a wound or see theyr owne bloude they are readye to faynte and fall downe But to know how to qualifye brydle and subdue those greate affections and motions of the minde that are engendred by greate heate of the spirites I iudge it not amisse for euery man to search oute by what kinde of Spirit he is most ledde to what motions in dealinges hee findeth himselfe most endaungexed how feruente or how remisse the agitacions of his minde be For by this meanes may those thinges that consist without mediocritie be reduced and brought to temperatenes and moderation Nowe this diuersitie of Spyrites oute of whiche springeth such and so great diuersities of natures and maners conceyue and take sondry alterations at the humours Thus the Soule although it be singuler as Cicero tearmeth it vnigena yet bringeth forth sondry and manifolde actions according to the nature of the Spirites and differences of the instrumentes Hence commeth such and so great variety diuersity in the thoughts desyers affections actions and perturbatiōs in mens minds insomuch that reason and discretition wythoute a speciall assistaunce of heauenlye grace can scarcely tame and represse the same For when the naturall and vitall facultie together wyth the naturall and inwarde Spirites waxe somewhat stronge and partlye by aboundaunce partly by the qualitye of meate and nourishment haue attayned strength and power they reiect and cast away the brydle of reason draw the spirit animal also for they be al deryued out of one fountayne into their faction disordered rebellion Wherby it happeneth that when any lewde deuyse or wilfull thoughte aryseth in the minde of man he is prone ynoughe to runne into dissolute riot libidinous lust filthy and shameful pleasures if he fortune to espy any pretie wēch or beautifull damsell that liketh his phantasie his minde is strayght wayes enflamed and set on fire wyth vnlawfull desyre of her person for the satisfying of his vnbridled concupiscence and by reason of the stoare of humours and cōcourse of Spyrites resorting thither frō euery part of his body his priuities vndecētly swel his mēber of generatiō becometh stiffe so that many times it happeneth mans mind to be ouercome drowned in fleshly concupiscence vnlesse by the speciall grace of Almighty God and by meditating vppon the holsome preceptes expressed in his sacred Word hee stoutlye wythstande the Sommons of suche naughtye desyres This promptnes and inclination to euill is naturally ingraffed in man The imaginations and thoughtes of mans heart sayth Moses are onelye euill and prone to vvickednes euen from their youth and first beginninges But the blessed and most comfortable comming of CHRISTE toke away this blemish who by his precious death and glorious resurrection abolished the calamitie and cancelled the bondes of that myserye whereto Adams transgression had brought vs. The consideration wherof ought in y mindes of all men to worke thus much that because their spirites are prouokers and prickers forwarde both to vices vertues euerye one shoulde wyth more carefull consideracion and heede attende loke to conserue and gouerne them orderly And althoughe the Animall Spirite be more excellent thē the other and before the rest in dignity yet in order is it the later For out of the naturall which resembleth vapour and proceedeth by vertue of the Lyuer from bloud it produceth the vitall whiche is of Aerye nature and mynistreth vnto it nourishment And the vitall doth procreate the Animall which by reason of his thinnesse and subtility is ayrie For it being laboured prepared and made in the contexed net celles and cornerie ventricles of the brayne is greatly wyth sweete smelles nourished and with fragrant things refreshed and cherished From it is fetched and deryued al the power and facultye which the soule hath and from it do al actiōs issue and proceede making the same appliable to all functions Well worthy therefore is this animall spirite deemed the proper instrument of the soule to all the sences for mayntenaunce of mouinge and nimblenes and for preseruation of the strength and firmitie of the Muscles Synewes for it transporteth and diffuseth his vertues and powers as the workemaisters of actions into the Synewes that haue the power of feeling and mouing All the instruments therfore of the Senses indued wyth this power and vertue of the Spirite Animall attayne thereby stablenes for the atchieuement of their functions and charges as for example If the wayes and passages whereby this spirite oughte to goe and haue passage bee stopped affected the power of mouing and feeling is taken away as we euidently note and see to happen in the Apoplexie Palsey Tetanus and many diseases moe And this spirite Animall is conueighed into the Synewes euen like the beames of the Sunne through a cleare shyninge glasse And euen as a fiery heate pearceth and entreth into a glowyng hoate yron that is very hard insomuche that the some therewyth becommeth softe and tractable so dothe the Spirite that is finest and thuinest slylte slyde into the Synewes All thinges therefore that neede feelinge mouing and agilitie requyre the force ayde and power of the spyrite Animall As those that by nourishment are to be maynteyned continued and kepte requyre the naturall and vitall faculties and spirites Hee therefore that woulde preserue his spirites vndemnifyed and them make moste syncere and perfecte must endeuour at any hande
to keepe his body in right good plight and order For as Galene witnesseth The keepinge of a good temperamente and order is a singuler ayde and helpe to conserue the naturall faculties and to cheerishe the spirites And as vnkindly blastes and vncouth whyrlewyndes do sondrywyse affect our bodyes and not of men onely but also of Beastes Corne and Plants eyther throughe their tomuch moystnes or tomuch drynesse or finally by their nipping cold or parching heate Euen so the Spirites within vs eyther throughe their aboundaunce or qualitie engender bringe forth sondry affectes in vs and manifestly alter y state aswel of body as of mind For where the Spirites be grosse thicke and cold it happeneth the minde to be ouerclowded as the dymmed Sunne not to shyne brighte out And this is the reason that persons in this sort affected haue duller wittes and blunter capacities For proofe wherof we are to see and consider such as are borne and bred neere to the Pole Articke ycie Sea who for the most part are very huge stronge bodyed but for witte and learning mere doltes Asseheads albeit this Nacion through the greate care singuler wysedome of the moste noble Prince Erick kinge of Svveden is nowe trayned to more ciuill order haue their mindes wyth goodlye qualityes right vertuously adourned But such as haue their Spirits moderatelye cold are persons constant sted fast and faythfull to deale withal and euery thing which they ateÌ„pte is aduisedlye and earnestly done so that lightlye they wil not start from their once conceyued opinion but by reason of their coldnes fayntnes of heate excepte industrious education cause the contrary commonly they be not very quick witted nor of very precise iudgemeÌ„t neither yet craftye and deceitfull nor such as by suttle driftes wylinesse seeke to supplaÌ„te and vndermyne their ennemie But they that haue moyst spirites so that the same be moderate eyther by the nature of the region or quality of the ayre where they dwell are quicke and readye conceyuers of anye thinge but not long retayninge the same in memorie but forgetting as quicklye as they conceyue speedelye Euen like to very moyst and softe waxe that wil not easely take anye printe or forme And therefore they bee oblyuious sleepie vnapte to learne Artes and oecupations dull witted and grosse headed and as they haue bodyes burlye bigge moyste so is their memorie ill and forgetfull which iudgement is also to be giuen of those bodyes which bee constituted in a vehemente drynesse And hereuppon it commeth that olde men by meanes of their drynesse ioyned with coldnes are obliuious so are ChildreÌ„ likewyse by reasoÌ„ of theyr tomuche moystnes And these qualities make men also fearefull timorous and faintharted in repulsinge and sufferinge mishappes and aduersitie which is a thing peculiar to women-kinde Notwithstanding education institution and discipline altereth the vsuall nature and ordinary conditions of euery Region for we see the common sorte and multitude in behauiour and maners grosse and vnnurtured whereas the Nobles and Gentlemen altering theyr order diet and digressing from the common fashion of their pezantly countreymeÌ„ frame themselues theirs to a verye commendable order and ciuill behauiour But if this moystnes bee with measurable heate somwhat warmed as it is in them which dwel in playne and open Countryes where fewe Trees grow as in Zeland where coÌ„monly in wynter the people be greeuously nipped with cold in SoÌ„mer scorched with parching heate those countreymeÌ„ I say as they haue bodies big stroÌ„g toyling painful laborious burly limms boisterous meÌ„bers rough skiÌ„nes so likewise haue they miÌ„ds stubborne churlish testie vncurieous clubbish vnmanerly notwithstanding they be of iudgemente sharpe of industrious forecast for tradê of marchanÌ„dise very ready and skilful and in their dealings right warie and cyrcumspecte The rest of the Low CouÌ„tryefolks being better stored with Trees ouershadinge and defendinge them from wynds and which dwell in soyles of holesomer ayre wherin is lacke neither of pleasauÌ„t running ryuers or delightfull Springes of freshe water to fructifye the same are of mylder nature not so blunte as the others but of them some be wyser and fitter to atchieue any waighty matter then other some be So the Flemynges for pythynesse in their speach and subtility of inuention are very excellent Brabanders setting asyde all sternenes and seuerity wyth their deceÌ„t meery natures and freÌ„dly curtesye winne the hartye good willes of men yea wyth a certayne pleasaunte grace facility of speach and allurementes of woordes they ordinarily enterlard their grauity But if the breast and brayne bee endued wyth a Spirite perfused wyth temperate moysture and heate such as be of that speciall constitution are in their dealinges watchfull sharpe industrious in forecast quicknes of wit industry of nature excellencie of learninge notable vtteraunce and flowinge eloquâ—nce surpassing other men Finally such personnes wil beare in memorie a long time things past and will not lightly suffer any grudge to grow out of remeÌ„brauÌ„ce And if any wronge bee done vnto them they will reuyue the memory therof after many yeares yea so destrous bee they of reuenge that they will not forgette a priuate grudge or offence euen amonge themselues Which affection I do ascribe vnto heate which doth so exceedinglye exulcerate distemper their mynds wyth indignacion that humour and moystnes is not able to alay queÌ„ch and qualefye it So vnstayedlye for the more parte be the myndes of this people caryed with wilful motions somewhyle inwardly and closely keepyng within theyr owne brestes theyr conceyued deuises and somewhyle openly to the world bursting out in hoate termes of outrage VVith choler hoare and raging fittes their brestes so boyle and svvell That pipkins full of purging drouges can neither quench ne quell Neere approching to them in quality but yet somewhat differing are Englishmen who being of heate more weake and lesse boylinge as the which is well enter medled ouercome and qualefyed by moystnes are of stature comely and proportionable of body lustie and well complexioned But to the studies of humanity not so greatly giuen and in exquistie Artes not so well furnished But if they hold on their course as they beginne I meane to apply theyr mindes to worthy and excellent matters theyr dexterity for the attaynment of any notable atchieuaunce surpasseth and theyr forwardnes to anye Artes or mysteries is fouÌ„d to be right apt inclynable And because they haue somwhat thick spyrits sleÌ„derly perfused wyth heate they wil stomacke a matter vehemently and a long time lodge an inward grudge in their heartes whereby it happeneth that when theyr rage is vp they will not easily be pacifyed neither caÌ„ theyr high and hauty stomackes lightly be conquered otherwyse then by submission yelding to theyr minde and appetite But if the spyrite through heate of the hearte
and quality of the ayre or region be very hoate it likewyse bringeth forth and causeth hoate and quicke motions yet such as by reason of their tenuitie and thinnesse by litle litle wil be cooled And this is the cause that some of them when their bloud is vp will rashlye and vnaduisedlye attempte any thinge and not eare for any perills so they may bring to passe what their desire is to compasse Also when they conceiue in minde the doing of any thing as they be at the beginninge marueylous wilful tooto heady with mighte main to set forward their purpose hardly admitting anye counsel to the contrary so againe their minds many times be wauering vnstedfast and vnquiet except their inclinacions by the reyne of reason be the better bridled Their fickle and vnstedie heades novv this novv that deuise They flote in fancie to and fro and vvrangle sondry vvise Which thinge is commonly incident to angry persons and such as be desyrous of reuenge and to suche also as haue somewhere fixed their loue inordinately whose minds flootinge and ballancinge vp and downe with varietie of phantasies are easely and quickly caryed hither and thyther by affection neyther stedfast nor aduysedly resoluing vppon any certaine resolution But this Countrye borne people if they earnestly frame themselues to the attaynemente of anye Artes though the same be neuer so hard and curious yet do they profite in the same wonderfully cary away great commendation Such as haue thinne spirites temperatelye hoate haue sharpe and ready wittes and prompt and flowing vtteraunce vppon whom also these gifts of nature are bestowed that for deuyse and inuention they be very sharpe and ingenious for braue settinge oute and beautifyinge of a matter plentyfull and copious and suche as for the explayning of their meaninges and purposes haue talke and tongue at will. And as touching the inward inclination of their mindes and maners they be liuely felowes lusty dapper nimble lackinge no grace of pleasaunte gesture Manye of them which lacke good bringing vp and haue not beene trayned in learning and ciuilitie are of disposition wauering vnconstant captious deceitfull falseharted destrous of alterations and tumultes babblatiue and full of muche vaine tattling in consultacion and counsell so suttle and craftie that whatsoeuer they once conceyue in mynde or purpose to do without delay that do they iudge best forthwith to be enterprysed out of hande to be atchieued and whereunto so euer they addict their mindes therin proue they right excellente Seing therefore the diuersitie of spirits and the differences of wittes and maners proceedeth of the condition and nature of the Place Ayre Countrey and nourishmente let euery man foresee in himself which way he may best prouide for the maintenaunce of his health and to shunne all such thinges as may in any wise harme annoye crushel or empaire either his health or Spirits It is therefore most expediente to obserue the best order of diet and life that conueniently maye be folowed and to liue in the holesommest ayre For these be the things that restore health when it is decayed or empaired and which make the Spirites most pure and syncere For if the bodye do abounde and be full of ill humours if the Spirites bee vnpure and the brayne stuffed full of thicke fumes proceedinge of humours the bodye and Soule consequentlye cannot but suffer hurte and bee thereby likewise damnifyed Hence proceedeth as from the verye cause such rauing dotage distraughtnes of righte witts hence issueth blockishnes foolishnes madnes and furie in so much that they thinck sometimes to see those thinges that are not before their senses to see and to heare suche woordes as no man speaketh For imaginatiō in them is marred common sense which iudgeth and discerneth all thinges is preiudiced memorye decayed sighte dymmed their eyes dazelled and all the faculties of the Soule that is to saye all the naturall powers whereby it accomplisheth all his functiōs are enfeebled perfourme their offices duties and operations both faintly and remissely But if the Spirite animall be perfectly pure ayrie such as is the sent of Bloud exactlye laboured not onely the sight of their eyes is cleare and good but all the other Senses both external and internall are perfecte and perfourme their functions and ministeries orderlye duelie and conueniently ¶ Of the Spirit vniuersall generally inspired into the whole world all the parts therof Which being from God aboue breathed put into man infuseth and endueth his minde wyth speciall and peculiar giftes And by the waye also in this Chapter is entreated of good and ill Angells which being entermingled with the humours spirites cause sondry chaūges and mutations in mens minds The thirde Chapter THat power of the Spirite which is infused and breathed by God aboue into these lower bodyes is it that disposeth and moueth this frame and masse of the world fostereth strēgtheneth and cheerisheth all that is wythin the compasse and coape of Heauen conteyned stretchinge and extendinge his force farre and wyde For why this gouerneth and ruleth all thinges maketh all thinges fruitfull and vnto the same imparteth vitall heate Neyther is there anye cause why a man should thinck or perswade himself that there is any other power able to do these things then that Spirite by whom from the very beginninge the world and all such thinges as are visiblie seene wyth the eyes and sensiblie perceyued by the sences were brought into so comely and beautiful order For by the VVord of the Lord vvere al things made and by the breath of his mouth al the comlynes beautie and furniture thereof For he doth maintayne and strēgthen al thinges and giueth povver vnto euerye thinge to encrease and multiplye in their ovvne kinde and to maintayne and conserue themselues Thus the wonderfull Creatour of Nature by his word and Spirite put into all thinges y were created a power precreatorie the order of their encreasinge propagation for continuaunce of theyr kinde posteritie and succession y is to witte the Spirite of GOD beinge diffused into euery Creature susteyneth and maynteyneth Plantes and all liuing creatures aswell man as beasts by whom they liue and haue their beinge There is nothinge therefore in the whole worlde but it feeleth the strong power of God is satisfyed wyth the plenteousnes and fulnesse therof For when Heaūe and Earth were made and the first Elemēts that is the first beginnings of things constituted The Spirite of God moued vppon the waters that is to saye made moyste and liquide matter otherwyse barreyne to be fruitefull The very meaning of which saying Basill surnamed the Greate did verye well and liuelye expound in these woordes The Spirit of GOD sayth hee moued vpon the top or vpper face of the water That is to say did nourish and giue a vitall fruitfulnes and a quickeninge Soule to the moyste Element and to all other
of his moste terrible temptations but God who rewardeth and recompenceth all thinges made an end of that conflict prescribing the Feend his limitts how farre he should extend his tyranny Whereby we are to learne and vnderstande that deuils can nothinge preuaile against vs neither do any further harme to vs thē it pleaseth God to suffer and permit them to do Now albeit their vse and fashion is manye sondry wayes to assault men which way to hurte them yet specially they seeke trye all such meanes as they can to vanquishe and seduce them with those inclynations and properties that are peculiar naturall and indifferente to all Thus do they incite and egge those that abound with Bloud and be sanguine complexioned to riot wātonnesse drunkēnes wastfulnes prodigality flithy and detestable loues horrible lustes incest and buggerie Them that be Cholericke to testines anger to brawling and chydinge contention rayling quarellinge fightinge murther robbery sedition discord and to put all these in proofe and practize they will minister many allurements and sondry occasions Them that be Melācholique vnto enuy emulation bitternesse hatred spright sorcery fraude subtlety deceipte treason sorrow heauinesse desperation distrust and last of all to a lamētable and shamefull end Them that be phlegmatick they helpe forward to slouth drowsynesse bitternesse sluggardy slacknes sleapines rechlesse vnhedynes and to a despysinge of all vertuous and good exercyses And furthermore as pure subtyle ayre breatheth into lyuīg Creatures into greene herbs a liuely and holsome spirite so likewise the good Angels imparte holesome ayre and with a pleasaūt sweete inspiratiō refresh our inward minds Againe as a pestilente winde induceth sickenesse and infection so do euill Spirites exhale breath out a pestiferous poyson to the mindes of men bring mischiefe and destruction For by them came the first spot ruine and destruction of mankinde so that there was no other way to bryng him to his first excellency dignity and perfection but onely by that most wōderful restorer Christ. And because the imbecillitye weakenes of mās nature is such that hee is not able to withstande the subtile ambushes deuises of this his moste raginge ennemy Sathan Christe being ascended into Heauen caused to be sent downe a Comforter to hold vs vp and giue vs inuincible courage against all the deuils crafty suggestiōs This is he that inspyreth into our mynds sondry good giftes assuringe vs of the good will of God towards vs and shakinge away all distruste bringeth vs by Christ vnto the father For he stirreth vp and comforteth our mindes and encourageth vs in such sort that boldlye with an assured truste we dare to hope and aske all thinges of him and cry vnto him for helpe by the name of Father Moreouer y Spirite which God hath inspyred into our harts doth certify and witnesse wyth our Spyrits that wee be his Sonnes and Heyres yea Coheyres wyth Christe The spyrite of God therefore confyrming oure mindes doth engraffe in vs fayth grounded vppon the word of God which fayth engendreth an assured trust confidence toward him wyth an vndoubted hope to obtaine his promises And forasmuche as these vertues be not ydle they do produce and bringe forth moste plentifull fruites of Charity to the perfourmaunce wherof the holy Ghoste the Comforter with his strēgth armeth vs and with his ayde protecteth vs in the truth to continue and perseuer constant stedfast and immutable wythout being seduced and caryed lightly into erronious opiniōs and superstition which is nothinge els as Eusebius witnesseth but a false and counterfeyte shadowe of true Relligion grounded vpon no sounde doctrine or foundation of Scripture In this sorte according to the saying of the Poet Horace Most of v's Poets old and yonge Mistake for vertue vice and wronge VVith cloake of vertue clad is vice deceyuing many one By bearing face and outvvarde shevve of honestie alone Seueritie it counterfaictes in deede yet nothing lesse Behauour counmaunce rayment gate All smelles of vertuousnes Yea borovved names of honestie and Vertue geeuen bee To vices as the cancard Chuffe and Snudge vvith vvealth and fee Is compted one that geuen is to thrift and husbandrie And it oftentimes falleth out sayth Cicero that many in seeking after the best thinges misse their purpose and are deceyued not so much vppon wyll as by mystaking theyr way and vsinge a wrong course Thus doth S. Paule deeme the Jewes not altogether forlorne and estraunged from godlynesse but ledde wyth a certayne feruentnes and zeale to Godward although not accordinge to knowledge so that they do not altogether erre in their affection towarde Godlynes but rather vppon ignoraunce and lacke of better vnderstandinge and because they go blindlye to worke and folter in their dealinges without any iudgemente they are destitute of the Spirit of god Wythin the leuell and daunger of this vice are al they that obstinately either maintaine or wilfully suffer anye olde inueterate errours such as can abyde nothinge of all that to be altered which by little and litle hath crept into vse by custome had some continuance Which mē if they had within them this bounteous Spirite no doubte there would not be such diuersity of opinions and doctrine in mens myndes as nowe there be But let no man thinck these thinges to be superfluously spoken or cleane besyde the purpose neyther let him lay in my dishe this sayinge of Horace A Flagon first began VVhy comes novv out a pitcher small or little pretie Canne For the heauenly Spirite is the guyde gouernour of the Spyrites of mans bodye which are then more qualefyed quieted and kept vnder better order when they be gouerned and ledde by the conducte and direction of this Spyrite For if they once begin tumultuously to ruffle styre vp sedition wythin the bodye This Spirite their fumishe fits restraynes And them to quiet order traynes ¶ Of the Elements of Humaine body and of the first qualities of beginnings of generation where of man consisteth and is made The fourth Chapter ALl the Complexion temperamente of mās bodye proceedeth from the powers of the Elementes and not of the Humours and of them is the whole bodye tempered and compounded The Elements be in number foure Fyre Earth Ayre and Water and vnto them are appendant so many qualytyes Hoate Colde Moyst Drye which of the Ayre encompassyng vs and of oure meates nourishinge vs do take and conceyue eyther profite or harme For being eyther in excesse or defecte the qualityes are depraued and corrupted and throughe theyr corruption engender many and sondry diseases But the thinges which dispose and affect our bodyes are sayth Galen of two sortes the one takyng his beginning euen at our Natiuity and byrth deryued and issuying from the very prynciples of Generation as from a roote which possiblie cannot bee auoyded the other such as man may declyne as
in prouoking vomite wha thinke it good holesom once or twyse in a Moneth to cleare emptye the filthy sincke of their gorged Carkasses this waye whereas it is at no hand expedient good for them that be in health to haunt this beastlye custome neyther to be ruled by anye that shoulde thereunto counsell them And whereas some take hold of a certaine saying in Hippocrates whereby they ground the vse hereof to be good such men in my opynion do not throughlye conceiue and vnderstande his full meanyng in that place For he beinge dayly coÌ„uersaunt and practizinge Physicke amonge such a Nation and people whose fashion and ordinarye custome was to keepe reuell rexe and vse all kinde of ryotous and ingluuious guimandyze did not prescrybe vnto them any lawes or orders for vomitinge but if they shoulde fortune to ouercharge themselues wyth excesse and surphet he iudgeth it a better way for him that hath vsed himself to vomite euery Moneth to continue the same two dayes together that the seconde daye maye make cleare ryddaunce of the remaynder of the first daye rather then at the ende of xv dayes eftsones to renue the same For by that meanes shall hee expell and sende oute the humours that were engeÌ„dred of his former surphet and distemperaunce kepe his body free from future sickenes So that this reuerente and Aged Phistition in that place exhorteth no man to vomite for anye holesomenes that is therein but iudgeth suche manet of euacuation to bee expediente for them that wyth excesse and immoderate feedinge haue surphetted or whose stomackes throughe crudity corruptioÌ„ of the meate drincke before eaten betch vp sower stynkinge fumes whereof y one coÌ„monly happeneth in cold stomackes the other in hoate So the wyse Hebrevv Iesus the sonne of Syrach in euery place exhortÌ„g to frugalitye moderation willeth thee if thou feelest thy selfe to haue eaten too muche and more then thy health caÌ„ well brooke to aryse and go thy wayes and to cast it our of thy stomacke least otherwyse thou bring thy body in daunger of Sicknesse but he would not haue any man customably to vse it Let not him that desyreth to lyue till hee be olde vse vomytinge often specially if hee be longe and round necked eyther very slender or verye grosse bodyed or streict and narow brestes But hee that leadeth his lyre temperatelye shall not neede to seeke anye helpe at vomytinge for conseruation mayntenaunce of his health Sleepe and Watch. SLeepe and watche are after one lyke reason waye to bee considered of which being moderatelye vsed within the bounds of mediocrity frequeÌ„ted are very auayleable to health bring wyth them most needefull commodityes Sleepe is nothing els but a restinge of the Animal facultie and a Pawsâ—ng from the actions and busynes of the day wherby the vertues of the bodyes being faynt and the powers thereof beinge resolued are reuyued and made fresh againe and all the wearie members Senses recomforted For when the powers natural be fresh and lusty natiue heate gathering it self inward is of more force and strongly applyeth concoction perfourming the same not onely in the Stomack but also through the whole body besyde whose vapour and pleasaunt sent moysteneth the brayne bringeth asleepe the Instrumentes of the Senses Nothing therfore after meate moderately taken is to the body holsommer theÌ„ seasonable Sleepe for it refresheth the wearyed powers of the body styreth vp the Spirites recreateth the mynde putteth away sorow bringeth a man into good and quiet temper Neyther can health in anye wyse be continued and maynteyned in any parte of the bodye withoute this amyable recourse and due vse of watch and Sleepe whereby we wythdraw our selues for the time from oure earneste busynesse and at seasonable houres geeue recreation to our wearyed Spyrits And after sleepe fal againe to our busynesse and affayres whether they be to be done wyth labour of the body or industry of mynde For howe could mans mynde continue still in his perfect vigour and strength if these thiÌ„gs by turnes be not vsed if this varietye of lyfe and quiet resting after labours of the day be not intermingled These make the state of oure life the lesse yrksome and burdenous and vs to be thereof lesse wearye cloyed For as Ouid doth rightlye say That thing that lackes alternal rest continue cannot long It makes the povvers of bodye fresh and vvearyed members stronge The SuÌ„ne beiÌ„g once vp soÌ„dry delightful sights appeare innumerable galant spectacles of the world nature preseÌ„t theÌ„selues vnto vs to chase driue troublesom faÌ„cies duÌ„ps cogitacioÌ„s out of our careful pÌ„eÌ„siue minds And loke what coÌ„modity we reape by the dayes trauaile that doth Sleepe in the night couÌ„teruayle requite For as the day seruiÌ„g for watch dispatch of our needefull busynesse doth exercise the body in hope of Sleepe maketh al thinges lighter and easyer so the nighte being appointed for rest bringeth with it a forgetfulnes of the dayes toyle a sweete end of the labour therof Wherfore we may not be negligent remisse and slacke in the due consideracion of these thinges but carefully beware the they bee not eyther vnseasonably disorderly or vnmeasurably frequented So that Sleepe which belongeth to the night may be continued neere about the space of 8. houres or if Supper were somewhat large and full somewhat longer Howbeit in some persons it is not to be measured so much by the nomber of houres as by the soundnes profundity of SleepiÌ„g as Porters WhyrrimeÌ„ vehement Laborers Caryers Saylers c. For these such lyke for that their braynes are very moyst do sleepe marueylous soundlye and caÌ„not be awaked but with much adoe because their naturall vertue being resolued wyth ouermuch exercyse desyreth by Sleepe to be refreshed and with the humydity that descendeth from the brayne to be repayred restored whereby it happeneth that that vertue Animall and Instrumentes of the Senses being lulled in ease and fast deteyned Sleepe most soundly seazeth vppon them And that thing which wearynesse causeth in greate labourers such as vse much exercyse the same doth moysture and refrigeration in children and dronken folks for in both of them heate recuyling to the hearte which is the welspring of the vitalfaculty the head likewise stuffed with tumosities sleepe happeneth and stealeth vpon them But they y haue the nookes celles of theyr brain sleÌ„derly moyst are ready to awake at euery litle styriÌ„g or waggiÌ„g for that the thinne vapour smal fume which possesseth the head being nothing thicke doth quickly vanish passe away For I haue knoweÌ„ mauy worne in a maner to the stumpes partly by ouermuch study partly by Agues Uenerie who in their sleepe plainly perfectly vnderstoode euery word spoken by the staÌ„ders by insomuch that beinge awaked with the least noyse y might be they could
and resemble are sayde in latine vitulari which is to bee as wanton and toying as a yonge Calfe or not to haue shedde all theyr Calues teeth or that theyr Iawes ytche with Caluishe wantonnes The Booke of Wysedome fathered and asscrybed vnto Salomon sayth Spuria vitulamina noÌ„ agent radices altas nec stabile fundamentum collocabunt Bastarde Slippes shal take no deepe rootes nor laye any fast foundation By these Phrases of speach we meane that wilfull and vnruly age which lacketh rypenes and discretion and as wee saye hath not sowed all theyr wyeld Oates but as yet remayne withoute eyther forcast or consideration of any thinge that may afterward turne them to benefite playe the wanton yonkers and wilfull Careawayes Seyng therfore that Adolescencie and youthful age consisteth in a constitucion of Hoat and moyst is fuller of bloud then anye other it is to this place therefore namely and specially to be referred Neither can any plighte or Complexion of the body more aptly be applyed vnto it then this for all the qualityes fashions and marks of this Age and State agree thereunto Which thing I see was well obserued by Horace in his description of the Nature inclination of youthful Age where he sayth A youthfull beardlesse Strypling voyde and free from Tutours checke VVith Horse and Hound doth raunge the fields and braue himselfe doth decke To vyce he pliant is as vvaxe to them that vvishe him vvell And vvarne him for his ovvne auayle rough churlish sharpe and fell A slender Husband for himselfe a vvaster of his gold High mynded rashe presumptuous in loue soone hoat soone cold And if they happen to lyncke themselues in companye wyth anye lewde Counsellours as in this slypperie and daungerous age commonlye is seene theyr fickle heades flingbrayned wits be easelye allured and drawen into follye and to pursue that waye which is worste For beynge now in theyr most wilfull age and standing vppon the most doubtful and daungerous poynt of al betweene vertue and vyce lacking experience and voyde of all good aduyse and counsel misse-led by the peeuish allurements of theyr associats they runne for the most part headlong vnto that which they see the common multitude embrace are readye to slyde into that trade of lyfe which of all other is worst and most pernicious Greene heades in greatest daunger are in doubtfull choyse they stand And hange in Ballaunce of deuyse vvhat trade to take in hand But if in lieu of these they harken and geeue good care to the holsome admonitions of some faythfull and vertuous Tutour and by his prescription frame the order of theyr lyfe and conuersation in theyr tender yeares for in this Age is Stuffe matter and towardnes both good and excellent if good education do polishe and a skilfull workeman haue it in handling no doubt they are to be broughte to much goodnesse For such is the force and power of bloud in mans body specially when throughe accesse of age it groweth to heate and dailye more more encreaseth in vitall spyrite that it causeth a promptnes of mynde quicknesse in deuyse and sharpenesse in practyze which by dailye vse exercyse atteyneth in th end to wysedome knowledge and experience of many things And thus by the benefite of nature and good bringinge vp it is broughte to passe that they be garnished wyth many excellent giftes of the mynde and throughe a readye vtteraunce in the discourse of matters bee to theyr Countrey a greate staye and ornament And althoughe hoate and drye natured men which are the Cholerique be right well furnished and skilfull in perfecte vtteraunce vehemence of speach and readynesse of tongue yet is there not in them such waighte of woordes and pythynesse of Sentences neyther can they so well rule their owne affections because in theyr reasonynges and discourses they be very earnest and hastye And this in such persons is not onelye by the pronunciation of their woordes but also by their swyft gate and hastye pace easye to be perceyued This difference also is betweene them that the Cholerique are bitter taunters dry bobbers nyppinge gybers and skornefull mockers of others but the Sanguine nothinge giuen that waye meddle not at all wyth such dogge eloquence neyther vse to hit men ouer the thummes wyth any such figuratyue flowtes whereat manye men are commonlye as heynouslye offended and take the matter in as greate snuffe as they would to be Crowned wyth a Pyssebolle but they be pleasaunt and curteous natured meerye without scurrility and ciuill without fylthy rybauldrye behauinge themselues orderlye in all companyes cumbersome and odious to none but delightfull and welcome to all But if it happen that Bloude bee alayed or myngled with other Humours and by course of Age to become hoate as namely if it bee mixed with yelowe Choler wherewyth the Humours are stirred vp or to participate with anye other Humoure whatsoeuer It is seene that as the mixture is so the manners disposition delighte trade and inclination of man falleth oute accordinglye As thus suppose a Bodye câ—ieflye to consiste of these three Bloude Choler and Melancholye whereof two partes to be Bloude and the other thirde parte to bee Choler and Melancholye equallye proportioned Of these three thus mixed together proceedeth such a Complexion and bodelye habite as produceth sundry motions affections and inclinations of the minde and which doth inwardlye dispose fashion and frame their Natures and dispositions yea before they breake oute into woordes enhablinge them fitte and meete to discharge and execute the parte of anye personne that wee either of oure selues take in hande or which by nature and publicke function is to vs assigned First Nature frames vs apt and meete To euery kinde of chaunce Sometimes she helpes somtimes vvith ire our harts doth vvound and launce Sometimes vvith thoughte to throvv vs dovvne vvith griefe and dule amayne Then aftervvard the tongue declares the mynds deuyses playne And as we see Nature in producing hearbes and floures and paintyng them out in braue attyre and colours to shew forth a most excellente and inimitable workemaÌ„ship and right gallantly to sette the same out to the gazing view of ech greedie eye clad wyth many and the same most pleasurable differences of goodly verdure some lyghte and entermedled wyth whytishe some of a sadde or darke greene some watrishe blunkette gray grassie hoarie and Lecke coloured whereof euerye one hath theyr proper vertues peculier effectes So likewyse Bloud beinge myngled wyth humours of other quality conceyueth other force and other colour and yet nathelesse not quite bereft and depryued of a Bloudy of Sanguine colour insomuch that it pearceth into the very innermost corners of the mynde incensing to sundry actions And althoughe the Planetts and Starres stretch oute theyr influence and extend theyr force mightely vppon these lower bodyes yet is it the Humours and Elemental qualityes which doe constitute the
it is right excellent coÌ„fortable now then to smell to such things as yelde a sweete odoriferous sauour namely such as be of nature pearsing calefactiue as LignuÌ„ Aloes Clofegelofres Rosemary flowers Basil Nigella Ambregryce Syuet redde Roses Hony suckle flowers FreÌ„ch spyknard and many other y yelde forth a stronge smel but the seme right pleasaunt comfortable delightfull All these refresh the Spirits wyth their soote sauours wonderfullye comforte the Brayne If a man or woman seeme to outward iudgment in a maner past recouery and be broughte to extreeme obliuion as they be that haue y disease called Lethargus or the drowsye euill it shal be right good for them to annoynt the outsyde of their Nucha and nape of their necks wyth the Oyle of Castor Nigella Euphorbe Costus Rocket and inwardly to take a litle of the confection of Anacardus or els therewyth to rubbe the tongue For is dissolueth Phlegme that is extremelye colde moyst and viscous Insomuch that it restoreth speach to them that be striken wyth the Apoplexie and recureth the staggeringe and stayinge of the tongue bringinge it againe to his righte vse Which thinge maye also be done and broughte to passe wyth Oximel Scillit and Aqua vite wherein a fewe graynes of Rocket haue beene stieped Vnto these helpes in daungerous and desperate discrasies when nothing else will helpe we flee for refuge and succour but in distemperauÌ„ces and grieues that be myelder and not of such extremity others now rehearsed may serue as Syrupe de Stichade Dia Anthos dulcis Aurâ—a Alexandrina Dia castorium Pliris cum Musco Triacle and Mythridatum By experience and daily proofe it is founde true that Agalochus commonly called Lignum Aloes being eyther vsed in perfume or smelled vnto with the Nose hath a marueylous vertue to corroborate the Brayne refresh the Senses insomuch that beinge stamped puluerized and myngled wyth some Cloues and the boane of a Rauens harte and then all mixed with Oyle of Nigella hath such souereigne vertue in strengthening comfortinge y Braine that if the head of a Cocke be therewith annoynted he wil crowe continually without any ceassing ¶ Of the state and disposition of a hoate and dry body with a Discourse of the nature condition maners and inclination of a Cholericke person The v. Chapter FOrsomuch as among the outward things of Nature there is nothing of any longe continuaunce and stability neither that long keepeth it selfe at any certayne state and vigour but all subiect to decay alteration and case worse and worse truly the state of mankinde doth specially and more then anye other suffer sundry alterations and is subiecte to great chaunge and mutability Thus is a Hoate and Moyst Complexion in processe and tract of time brought into a state Hoat and Drye For Heate by litle and litle both slyly and closely wast and consume naturall Humour and bringeth all the body into drynesse which quality for prolongation and lengtheninge of lyfe is the greatest ennemy that can bee For as the flame in a Torche or Taper feedeth vpon the combustible matter thereof and is therewith nourished which being all wasted and consumed the same flame also quencheth and no longer burneth so likewyse natiue heate by little and little weareth away and diminisheth the iuyce moysture wherewith it is nourished and finally bringeth the cause of destruction both to it self and to the whole body beside Nowe that constitution of body which consisteth of a hoate and dry qualitye and thereof hath his name hauinge warme Humour throughe these qualities encreased maketh and constituteth a Cholericke man by reason of the greate stoare of Choler which is in him of which Humour there be two sortes and differences the one natural the other besyde nature Natural Choler is the excrement of bloud concoct bitter in sauour and in colour and effect fyerie When the heate of the Lyuer is moderate then is it yealow and shyninge but when this viscositye is ouermuch enkindled then doth Choler also boyle with heate and is of colour darcke Yelowish like vnto Pruse Bier called in Dutche Iopen Bier or like vnto Oyle or melted Butter when it is burned and with much frying becommeth blackishe of colour whereby it commeth to passe that the colour before Yelowe chaungeth and is turned into a sadde blacke which sometime apparauntly vttereth and sheweth it selfe in the vtter parte of the skinne whensoeuer this Cholerique Humour diffuseth and disperseth it selfe into the same skinne Choler hath in the body two offices for parte of it being mixed wyth the bloud passeth into the Veynes to make the same more conuenientlye to penetrate into euery one of the narow passages to bee conueighed to such members as requyre haue neede of the nourishment of Choler The other part is sente to the bladder of the Gall annexed and tyed to the nether ende of the Lyuer wherein the wonderfull prouidence of Gods Almighty handyworke wel appeareth in y he hath appointed the same Entraile whereunto he hath geeuen an admyrable vertue to attract and helpe digestion to be also a receyuer and Receptorye of superfluous and vnprofitable Humour to th entent no harme or inconuenience should thereby in any wise happen to the other members For Choler is of that nature y yeldeth out a fiery force whose motion as it were a fier brande stirreth vp and inceÌ„seth our minds to hasty moodes and furious rages And for this cause Angre is defined to be a heate and certaine boylinge of the Bloud aboute the Heart wherewith the Braine also beinge excyted by Choler is set in a heate and testines desyrous of reueng whensoeuer any iniury is offered And to the lower parts prouoke and irrite the Guttes and Bowelles to auoyde superfluous excrementes For which purpose Natures prouidence hath deuised and framed sundry passages needeful for y purginge conueighaunce and euacuation of all such superfluous Humours to witte the Kidneyes and the Vryne Pypes the empty or fasting Gutte called Intestinum Ieiunum which through the sowrenes of Choler flowinge into it continuallye dryueth out the Excrements the Bladder Eares and Pores appointed for the auoydaunce and expulsion of sweate And in the most parte of these if obstructions shoulde happen all the whole fylthy masse of noysome Humour is thereby kept within the body and then geeueth violente assaulte to some of the principall partes So when the bagge or Bladder of the Gall or Receptacle of Choler is not able to exonerate it selfe of that baggage drosse and superfluity which it drewe from the Lyuer it emptyeth and casteth it eyther into the Uentricle or els into the holownesse of the Lyuer And thus it commeth to passe that Choler being diffused and spred ouer all the body imperteth both his qualitye and colour to the Bloud Hereof commeth the Iaundice named Morbus Regius for y it requyreth a moste exquisite dict and Princelike fare which
maketh all the body Yelowe as a Kytes foote and coloured like Saffron or as Syluer that is stroaked ouer with Gold. And if the small and slender Gutts be therewith teinted it putteth a man to intollerable torment payne This passion is called Iliaca Passio the wrynginge of the Gutts and also Conuoluulum for that the Guttes do seeme to puckar and cruÌ„ple together like the string of an Harpe or any other Instrument This disease commeth either of an inflammation or of costyuenes when the ordure is drye hard parched and no sufficiente stoare of Cholerique Humour to expel scowre awaye the Excrements So if the vpper part of the Gutt be affected the meate is caste vp if the neither ordure auoydeth at the mouthe by reason that the Tuell or foundment is so closely shut that not so much as a poore fyest can passe or get out thence Manye affects besyde doth Choler engender as Tertian and burning Agues when as it putrefyeth without the Veynes which because they be largely and diligently set out in sundry Bookes of Phisicke by many sundry learned Phisitians published I thincke it best here to surceasse from anye further recitall and declaration thereof But I purpose now briefly by the way to shew the nature and coÌ„ditions of a Hoat and dry CoÌ„plexion then of a Cholericke person finallye by what markes and tokens they are to be perceyued discerned found out and knowen And first to speake of the outwarde signes A body of this Constitution is hoat slender leane musculous of deceÌ„t bignesse and meane stature and although some be of growth and talnes but smal litle yet are they liuely daper quicke â—ymble and as litle Bees euer stirrynge and whyskinge about And VVithin that litle Corps of theirs right noble Stomackes haue Of colour they be brownish aburne or somewhat ruddie specially wheÌ„ their angry moode is vp or their bodyes chaufed and set in heate wyth exercyse some be pale or yelowish Their skinne rough their arteries and Veynes bigge and apparaunt not lying hidden vnder the flesh theyr Vryne redde saffron coloured or bright yelowe according to the proportion of Choler and heate Their Pulse quicke and swyft as also their gate and maner of going is Their tongue rolling at pleasure ready and flowing in vtteraunce theyr haire blacke and in some curled and naturallye fryzeled when as the heate and drynesse is verye great and vehement Neyther will the same tyll after long time waxe hoarie and gray but yet by reason of drynesse soone waxe bald Their Nose crooked like a Hawkes bill and in manye especially Germaynes Polonians Hungarians and Dutchmen redde beardes and bright yealowye hayre which commeth of glitteringe cleare shynynge Choler that is not adusted wyth feruente heate In the Lowe Countryes those that be redde hayred are of the vulgar sorte noted as men subiecte to some naughtye disposition and lewd conditions secretely harboroughing within their minds For as Themistocles his Tutour gaue iudgmente of no meane thinge like to proue come to passe in his sayd Scholer but that hee woulde be eyther a singuler staye and ornamente to hys Countrye or els some notable plague and detrimente to the same so also the Belgiana by a common and vsuall by worde among them saye that at the hands of such persons eyther thinges most excellent or els most villanous are to bee expected and hoped for Furthermore in their daylye speache they vse this as a common Prouerbe amonge them Rooden baert selden goedt oft van goeden aerdt Which is as much to say y Redde bearded men are seldome of anye good disposition for that in the whole course of theyr lyfe maners conuersation dealinges byinge selling bartering they seeke to vndermyne and ouereach others with slye shifts and craftye bargaynes euideÌ„tly arguyng what cuÌ„ning dealing lurketh within them to entrappe and deceiue other meÌ„ Which disposition and inclination as I can not deny but is found true in verye many of that Constitution for wante of vertuous bringinge vp and laudable institution So againe do I know many hauing such coloured Beards whose commendable qualities and rare vertues haue aduaunced them to Honourable roumes and dignityes For euen in Princes Courts in AsseÌ„blies of Nobles Peeres Magistrats amonge honest substantial Trafiquers and namely of those that dwell Northernely wee see very manye of tryed Vertue singuler wisedome right worthely wyth integritye vprightnes admynistringe their Publique charges and functions wherein they be placed Now whereas some haskerdly Peizaunts rascall persons hauinge such coloured beards be pratlers and praters in keeping counsell as close as a Syeue settinge all vppon sixe and seuen without any regard or consideration of anye thinge Dingthryftes and Spendalles the same do I impute to lewde education which draweth the procliuity of their Nature to vntoward and pieuish maners For hereof it coÌ„meth that such persons be found to be vnconstant crafty deceitfull suttle wylie cogginge turning the cat in the panne full of leigier de mayne so fickle of word and deede that a man may not wel safely deale wyth them nor truste them as persons in whom there is no more holde then is of a wet Eele by y â— â—ayle and in anye bargayne or dealing be it neuer so intricate and cumbersome can fynde meanes to slyp the coller and wyende themselues oute of daunger Wherevnto if other imperfections defectes of the bodye be added they argue yet a worse Nature more geeuen to mischiefe whervppon the Poet Martiall very aptly sayth Blacke hayrde short footed purblynde eke and Beard all ouer redde Take such a one in doing good and strike me of his heede Which disposition is rooted in them partlye throughe the influence of the Planetes viz. of the Sunne and Mercury partly which I rather take to be the chiefe and speciall cause throughe thynnes of Cholerique Humour and of vncleane Spyrits which being enduedwith a subtile heat pricketh a styrreth them forwarde to put in practyse such kinde of pranckes and Pageauntes Furthermore amoÌ„g these kinde of persons there be some diuersly disposed and of sundry conditions wranglers busye medlers in other mens matters yallers hoat as a toast Choplogicks pratlers wyth tongue at wil and are as Iuuenall fotlie sayth Of dapper vvit and desperate bolde fyne phrasde vvith galant grace More eloquent then Isaeus for euery time and cace Eche person can they aptly play at ech Art can they ame At Grammer Rhetricke Geometry Paynting and for the game At soothsaying and cunningly vppon a Roape to daunce At Phisicke Magicke rype are they and free of euery Haunce Such commonlye are Dizardes Gesturers Stage players Iugglers Tumblers and Rogish pedlers ydly raunging about the Country Iangling pratlers Fortuile tellers mynstreis such other lyke busye bragginge Counterfeictes looking bigge vpon the matter and in theyr maner of gate hands couÌ„tenaunce eyes and speach ful of gestures
meate and is much infested wyth breakinge of sower wynde vpwarde the Hypochondrion or wast and the heart strings inflated and swolne the body becommeth slender and thinne the gummes vlcered with mattry wheales the teeth waÌ„n coloured rustie loose hoarish rotten theyr mouth stinking their Chawes rammishe And throate vpbelching fulsome breathes Into the number of these sicklie distemperauÌ„ces and affects of the Mylt I reckeÌ„ also the diseases that of old writers were named Stomaracce Scelotyrbe in Dutch namely of the Phryselanders of whom manye in the Sprynge and Autume be ther with troubled vulgarly called Schoirbuick of some Barbarous wryters ScarrificatioÌ„ of the belly It coÌ„meth is engeÌ„dred of much corrupte baggage and filthye â—yncke of naughtye Humours which shyfting out of the Mylte into the Stomack beerayeth the teeth and gummes with a certaine loathsome and contagious infection and for that a parte thereof falleth downe into the feete it is presently seene that the Leggs and Knees shrincke together and waxe weake the ioynts lewse and enfeebled the colour alonge the Thighes and Hammes euen to the soale of the foote of sundry hewes and vglie to beholde The nature and curatioÌ„ of which disease because it is exactly discoursed and learnedly handled already in a seuerall booke by it selfe by D. Guil. Lemnie I deeme superfluous needlesse here â—n this place any further to prosecute But all these discommodities and inconueniences of the Mylt might the better be borne withal so that the lowest members and the abiect ignoble parts were onely subiecte to the harmes annoyaunces thereof and yet are these no lesse necessary in a body then Pryuies and Synks in a house which serue to scoure and cary out al fylty Sullage but when the principall members and Organes of witte and Reason chaunce with semblable harme to be attached and with sundry affectioÌ„s be disteÌ„pered the case requyreth greater diligence and care to be employed for the packinge awaye of such backfrendes and ennemyes For the fulsome vapours which as it were out of a dampishe Marshe or stinkinge Camerine stryke vpward do annoy the Brayne with greeuous and odious fumes and distemper the Spirits Animall wyth a straunge and forreine quality Hereof commeth disquietnes of mynde and alienation of right witts absurde cogitations troublesom Dreames gyddinesse of the head ringing of the eares dazeling of eyes mournefall sighes trembling and beating of heart a mynde sorowfull coÌ„fortlesse perplexed pensiue and feareful insomuch that they which be in this sort affected distrust be afrayed aswell of their frends as of their enemyes looking about them for feare of daunger euery mynute of an houre trembling at euery smal noyse and wagging of a leafe ready for feare to runne into a mouse hoale althoughe there be no cause of anye such feare at all and if they be demauÌ„ded y cause why they so pine away themselues with needelesse care and bootelesse sorowe eyther they will make no aunsweare at all or if they do very vnwillingly wyth much ado Insomuch that thereupon they wil desyre to shift and conueighe themselues oute of all companye not abyding anye felowship nor conference with frends but peaking in darke corners and secrete solitary places lyke Timon syrnamed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because he hated all men and BellerophoÌ„ who as Homere reporteth assayed to shake of his carefull thoughtes and pensiue dolours by bestowing himselfe in some waste wildernesse or solytary corner For he poore soule in queachie vvoods did stalk Abroad in Fields vvaylesse soyles aloane No sight of men no company no talke Could hee abyde but fret his hart vvith moane By many and sundrye wayes do men fall into this ill case and habiting who afore were cleare free ynough from it Some by the stayinge of their Hemorrhoides and stopping of their naturall Purgations or Flowers or by the restraynt of some ordinary and accustomed issue Some be brought into it through long sorrow and heauynesse for the death of their Parentes or some greate losse of worldly wealth or finally by myssing and beyng disappointed of some great desyre and expectation which they hoped had of some thing to come to passe Yea there be some that haue fallen into this Melancholike habite by watchinge in the nighte at their Studye at vnseasonable houres by leading a peakish and solitary life by hunger penurie and streict fare or els by vsing and accustoming some kinds of nourishments whereby they brought themselues into a cold drye distemperaunce Many through the conscience of their former myssedeedes and remorse of their wicked and abhominable lyfe aforetime ledde haue pluÌ„ged into these MelaÌ„cholike affects dryuing theÌ„selues many times into such great incoÌ„uenieÌ„ces that what with blindnesse furiâ— madnesse waÌ„te of right mynde they become weary of their liues and suffer manye horrible and bitter torments For as Iuuenal right aptly sayth Aye lasting sorovv thought pyning care Surpryseth their distressed mynds ful sore It slaketh not at meales and daily fare But day by day encreaseth more more In night vvheÌ„ Sleepe should vvearyed limms restore And fresh againe to vvonted labours make Their guilt vvil not permit them rest to take Streightvvayes repayres into remeÌ„braunce than Their Sacryledge and sinne against their God Ech flash of lyghtning makes them pale vvan They svveat for feare they loke for vvreckful rod Of Diuine Iustice vvho amysse haue trod Their steps on earth one thunder clap vvil make Their harts like Aspen leafe to pant and quake Behold here geÌ„tle Reader the panges vexations feares and torments of a wicked mynde of an afflicted Conscience denounced by God to lighte vppon so many as forsake his lawes and rebelliously contemne his commauÌ„dements inso much y as the Prophet sayth he sendeth vppon them the Spyrit of dizzenesse or gyddynesse maketh them to erre in euery good worke eueÌ„ as a Drunken man staggereth in his vomyte so that by reason of their blyndnesse of Hearte contempte of God and his Worde in any distresse or calamitye yea in the horror of Death they haue nothing wherewithall to comfort their weakenesse or to salue their troubled consciences withal but haue al theyr witts deuyses thoughts perplexed and confused because they leane to a broken wall that is to a thing without strength not able to relieue them but rather sit to hurte them and as Esay sayth They put their trust in a broken staffe of Reede Whereby he meaneth that they repose their hope and confideÌ„ce in that which is so farre from being able to helpe stay them that it rather hurteth so many as leane vnto it and as Ezechel sayth bruiseth and renteth theyr handes There are besyde these manye other Examples whereby God putteth the wicked in feare and threateneth plagues to such as despyse forsake his word and Commaundement If thou sayth he refuse to harken to the voyce of the
haue but meerilye discoursed the tyms ioyously passed there appeare for the space of certayne dayes after in hys face and countenaunce forehead browes lippes eyes and beckes for all these are be wrayers and tellers of the minde inwardly great tokens of myrth and alacrytie and many arguments do outwardly testify the chereful dispositien of the internal Spyrits For the body being heated wyth laughing and ioyinge with kissing and dalying wyth dauncinge Wyne and singing is made fresher and better coloured for that the Bloud is diffused into the vtter part and habite of the body These are therfore the causes why the eating of an Hare dryueth away and dispelleth the Cloudy cares of the mynd maketh the countenaunce cleare and delectable the face ruddie fayre and wall complexioned For as they that be angrye or perplexed wyth feare are commonly seene to be of a troubled and disquiet mynde and by manye outward signes to bewray the affections of their afflicted consciēce euen so they that haue the world at wyl and their hartes farre from all carefull affections troublesome perturbations shewe forth sure and certayn tokens therof in the body outwardly yea the verye countenaunce colour face forhead eyes mouth and generallye all the other fashions gestures thereof do pretend and witnesse a certain securitye of mynde that is at peace and quietnes wythin it selfe Now as touching Diet Let them that bee of this cold and dry Constitution and they that bee Melācholike accustome themselues to such meates as be of good and laudable iuyce to drincke that wyne which is of the best sort and purest let them lye in very soft beds and sleepe wel longe let them eschue forbeare all things that be salte and sower aboue all things let them take heede of crudity let thē vse moderate exercise styrring of thēselues For as maryshes standing waters become dampish and stynking so likewise the body lacking exercise gathereth fulsoments pestilent sauours If violent motion exercise be vnto them painful and laborious they may recreat and exercise themselues wyth pleasaunt singing Musical instruments and delectable and walkinges Let them banish away all affectiōs of the mind heauinesse sorrow thought hatred anger indignation enuye c. Neither let them suffer any such to lodge wythin their hearts let them also auoyd solitarynesse long abstinence lassitude and let them vse at possible meanes to restore theyr right powers first wyth meats and nourishments that be liquide for they do quicklyest nourish and encomber not the Stomacke greatly in concoction but when their powers bee encreased let them acquainte themselues and vse meates that be solide and substantiall Let theyr bread be of the fynest wheate and let them eate thereof but measurablye and sparinglye for it is hardlye concocted and taryeth longe in the stomacke and therefore to Labourers Caryers Maryners Carters and such like it bryngeth strength engendreth flesh durable fast Now they that in time of perfect and sound health do vse to eate litle bread haue strong breaths and stinking mouthes This proporciō therfore is requisite there in to be vsed to eate twyse asmuch in bread as in victuall or other cates As concerning the order that they are to keepe for Dinner and supper vnlesse custome be to the contrary or that they be troubled wyth distillations of the heade let their Supper be larger and more in quantitye then dinner foreseene that immoderate faciety surphet be alwayes eschued To be short to knit vp this matter wyth an holesome aduyse and counsell let all such things as be prejudicial to health and hasten oldage before his tyme be put away and banished Chiefly and especiallye maynteining and keeping wything our selues tranquillity and constancy of mynde which gift we are most humbly and earnestly to craue at his handes which most bountefully bestoweth and powreth out his blessed giftes lyberalitye vppon vs who is God our heauenlye Father and his deare eternall Sonne Christ our onely Sauiour For besyde y ōutward gifts and things transitorye which at his bountifull handes for oure vse cōmodity we moste abundātly tast and enioy he also directeth our mindes wyth his holye Spyrite and moueth our cogitations wills euery minute to ensue that is good and godly He vrgeth and pricketh vs forwarde continually so that wee feele the motions of his mighty power working in our harts by strēgthning and confyrming our Fayth that we thereby constantly leaning to the promyses of God maye rest in a sure trust and vndoubted hope to be afterwards made partakers of his Heauenly ioy in euerlasting felicity Amen Thomas Newtonus Cestreshyrius FINIS THE TABLE ADolescencie 29. Aduertisemente to Studentes 52 Affections natural 35 Affections hovv and vvhereof they come 9. proceding of surphet dronkēnesse 10. 59. Affections of the mynde alter the colour cōplexion of the face and bodye 90. Affections cōmon to al men 59. harmes thereof ibid. Ague called Ephemera 102. Ague called Epiala 107. Agues tertian 132 Agues burning ibid. Agreement betvvene the harte the brain 141 Anacardus good for the memorie 126 Angels good and euill 22. 24 Angels entermingle and shuffle in themselues among our humours 153 Anger 58. 128. 141 Apoplexie 126 Aristomenes his suttle shifting 43 Arteries 89 Astonishment 94 B BAldnesse hovv it commeth 69 Banquetting fit for persons melancolique 5 moderately vsed commendable 76 Bathes Artificiall 74 Bathes naturall ibid. Beard hovv to make it grovv 42 Beard redde not alvvayes a token of ill nature 130. Best thinges and excellent muste not vpon dispayre be geeuen ouer 34 Bloud hath all the other humours mixed in it 86 87. 89. Bloud forbidden by Moyses lavv to be eaten vvhy 89. Bloud of greate force in framing the disposition maners 96. 99 Bloud boyleth in young persons like spurginge of nevv vvyne in the tunne 98 Bloud prouoketh to vvilfulnes 101 Bloudletting not rashly to be enterprised 55. 89 Bloud and spirite the treasure of lyfe ibid et 86 Bloud of fishes colde 61 Blynde byardes 102 Body ful of sicknesse maketh lyfe vnpleasaūt 3 Body consisteth of three thinges 7 Body cold and drye hovv it looketh 27 Body and mynde vvhole and sicke together 75 Bolde rashnes 44 Brabanders 17 Braggers 101 Brayne drye causeth il memory 69. 120 Brayne moyste nothinge retentiue nor memoratiue 120 Brayne temperate the mayntenaunce of memorye ibid Braynes best to be eaten for the helping of memorye 125 Braynes distempered by vvhat signes vve may knovve them 143 Bread. 156 Brothes and liquid meates soonest nourish and are quickliest digested ibidē C Cayne a paterne of desperation 140 Caloes 99 Canis panem somnians a prouerbe 114 Catchpoles 58 Carnall act hurtfull to drye and cold complexions 74. hurtful in Sommer 81. vveakeneth the body 120. 133. dulleth the vvit and memory ibid. harmes therof 105. commodities therof ibid. moderation ibid. very hurtfull to olde men and
Bloud 99. Scottes 18 Scoffers 101 Secke 102 Seede 85. 105. 106. pollution and effluxioÌ„ therof hovv it hapneth 113 Shauing of the beard helpeth memory 124 Shauing of the head ibid. Short stature vvherof it commeth 27 Sicknesse vvhat it is 12 Signes of sicknesse approching ibid. Sickly persons must eate little bread 156 Signes of a brain distempered 143 Signes of suche as bee subiecte to melancholy 147. Sinne cause of sicknesse and death 67 Sleepe and the commodities thereof 57. 73. time space therof 57. to vvhat vse it serueth 95. good for Cholerick persons 133 Sleepers soundly 57. Small vnquiet sleepers 58. Sleepe by day ill and vnholsome 58. good for rauing or Idlenesse of the brayne 152 Sleeping person heauier then a vvatching 5 Slouth and ease 52 Sound Parents beeget sound children 85 Solitarie persons subiect to the Apoplexie 61 Snailes life 62 Soule 12 Sounding 133 Soueraigntie of the hart 109 Spaniardes 18 Spettle 87 Speach hovv to be restored 126 Spirite 7 vvhat it is 8. requireth great care ibid. being in good case teÌ„per causeth tranquillitie of mynde ibid. being disteÌ„pered it vvorketh suÌ„dry motioÌ„s bringeth disquietnes ibid vvhat thinges bee thereto moste hurtfull and vvhat most comfortable ibid. 19. 20. greatly comforted vvith svvete smelles 126 Spirite animall and theffects thereof 15 Spirite vital ibid Spirite of nature 20 Stammers 111. cannot speake softlye ibideÌ„ 147. Stitches 103 Stinking breath hovv it commeth 156 Stomacke and head engendrers and keepers of Phlegme 109 Store of hayre hovv it commeth 41 Strong breath and stinking mouthes 156 Studie by candlelight hurtful 74 Studentes exercises 75 Superstition 24 Supper 156 Svveate 87 T TAlnesse of personage 27 Temperance 60 Temperature vvhat it is 32. nine differences thereof ibid. subiect to chaunge 88 Testicles 85 Tettars 134 Text of Esay expounded 114 Themistocles vvished to learne the Arte of forgetfulnes 122. his nature disposition vvhile he vvas young 130 Thinges making good digestion spirites 5 Thinges good for the memory 125 Thinges not natural sixe 46 Thinne bloud 13 Three most holsome thinges for health 7 Timon a deadly hater of al men and al companye 143 Time for euery matter 77 Tokens of a cold complexion 64 Tokens of a moist body 80 Tokens of the dispositioÌ„ of phlegmaticke persons 114 Tokens of sanguine persons 99 Tormentes of an vnquiet minde and guilty coÌ„science 143 Tranquillitie of minde 31. 59 Traunce 103 Triall of good horses 54 Trophonius Denne 146 True goodes 2 Tumblers 101 Turpentine 72 Turpentine hovv to prepare it ibid. to make it liquide and potable ibid V VEnerie Vide Carnall acte Veyne opened shevveth oculerly ech of the four humours 86 Veines from vvhence they spring 89 Vertues defaced and marred by vices 44 Vitall moisture 7 Vitall spirite 12 Vlcers 134 Vnholsome meates spilleth nature 27 Vnablenes in some to beget children 43 Vomite must be seeldome prouoked 55 vvhen to vomite ibideÌ„ to vvhat persons it is most hurtful 56 Voyce 45 VV WAnne colour 65 VVasshing of the head 126 VVatching ouermuch hurtful 58 VVavvvard persons 12 VVhores 106 VVolfe a disease 134 VVomen full of hayre on their heads 42 VVomen hayrie lecherous ibid. cause of barrennes in vvomen 43 VVormevvood holsome for the Lyuer 104 VVringing in the small Guttes 129 VVyfe bravvlinge and skoldinge likened to a dropping house 110 VVylie Foxes 130 VVylie vvinckers 58 VVyne hurtfull to children 49. maketh the hart mery 138. VVisemen sometime fearefull 94 Y. YouÌ„gmen somtimes vveake vvearish feeble and vvhy 28 Youngman sodenly gray headed 91 Youth 29 Z ZEale vvithour knovvledge 25 Zelanders 17 Zeno. 5 T N. FINIS Lib. 2. Offic. Mainteners of health Health Sickenes Soule Sat. 10. True goods Health passeth gold Hor. lib. 1 epist. epist. ad Albium Nosce te ipsum Eccles 7 Death by ill diet many times hastened before his due time Lib. 2. Georg. The minde ib. 8. ca. 7. Mago made LioÌ„ tame VVhat maketh good digestion Eccle. 31. VVhat maketh a man merie The nature of Lupines A dead man heauier theÌ„ a lyuing Hor lib. 3 Oda 21. Euery man must search out his ovvn inclination and nature It is someâ—â— time good to chaunge nature Lib. 12. Cap. 1. Genes 2. The commoditie of matrimony Three most holsome thinges Georg. 3 The bodye consisteth in thre things Humour Heate Spirite Pers Sat. â— Things hurt full to the spirits of man. Prouer. 17 Eccle. 30. Things coÌ„fortinge the Spirits What Spirite is The heart is the fountaine of life Foure natural povvers The office of digestioÌ„ Howe affections are caused Cruditie hurtfull Oppilation and putrefaction the original cause of diseases What riott bringeth a man to Matth. 14 Iohn Baptist beheaded Disturbers of publique peace ought to be rooted out The fourme of a coÌ„mon wealth 1. Cor. 12. Members of mans body Li. 2. Dec. 1. No meÌ„ber in the whole body but it serueth to some necessary vse Signes wherby to know when a man is not wel at ease Vital spirite Northern people Lib. 1. Grosse blud Thin bloud WheÌ„ce the diuersitie of natures coÌ„meth RebellioÌ„ in the body Levvde thoughts Gen. 6. 8. Spirite animal 12. Meth. Erick kinge of Sweden Germans HollaÌ„ders Hollanders forgetful sleepie Old men children forgetfull Education altereth nature ZelaÌ„ders The nature of such as be borne and bred neere the Sea. Flemyngs Brabanders Italians Italians wil couertly beare a secret grudge in mynde a great while Pers Sat. 5 Englishmen Englishmen and Scottes haue greate stomacks angry Spaniardâ— Vir. lib. 4. A Enei Spaniardes haue good wittes Frenchmen Frenchmen prompt and ready witted Good diet holesome Ayre Spirite of Nature The Spirite of the Lord. Psalm 33 Genes 1. Iohn 1. Hexa lib. Gen. 1. Lib. 3. de Arte amaÌ„di Lib. 6. Fast Actes 17. Aratus in Pheno Angels Hebr. 1. Lares Good Angels Ill Angels DaemoÌ„ à sciendo 2. Para. 26 Hebr. 4. Psalm 7. How the deuil learneth the thoughts of meÌ„ One man a deuill to an other Matth. 4. 2. Cor. 12. Iob. 30. Howe farrâ— deuils are able to hurte vs. Humours giue occasion to vices Sapien. 1. Gen. 2. What the Holy Ghâ—â— worketh 〈◊〉 vs. Gal. 4. Rom. 8. Fayth bringeth forth workes De preparat EuaÌ„g lib. 1. Superstition Art. Poet. IuueÌ„ Saty 14 Tuscul 3. Rom. 10. Zeale withoute knowledge In Arte Poet. A Eneid lib. 1. IIII. ElemeÌ„tes TueÌ„d valet lib. 1. Meate and Ayre a like necessary The nature of seede and bloud Cause of talnesse â—â—ildren â—â—ulde not sâ—aÌ„ted of eâ—r victuâ— Naughty vnholesome meate spilleth nature Shorte stature how it commeth Olde age Death what it is Lustye olde age wherof it coÌ„meth â—hat maâ—th yonge â—e weake What thiÌ„gs are hurtfull to health Art. Poet. Iob. 14. Infancie Childhod Pubertie Adolescencie Youth MaÌ„s age Death to the faythful not to be feared The times of the yeare compared to the ages of man. Metam lib. 15. TraÌ„quillity and quietnes of mind Temperament Temperament Intemperatures Compound drouges named of
some one of the chiefest Ingredientes Polycleti Regula Lib. 20. Cap. 10. De Sacerd. De ratione concâ—onandi De Oratore Notes or markes of a body perfectly teÌ„perate Lib. 3. Ode 3. Rom. 8. Affections naturall A Enei 4. Iuuenal Sat. 10. The nature of Democritus and Hetaclitus Counterfaite gate Psalm 45. Christ a paterne of perfection Ioan. 1. Collos 2. Heb. 4. Ioan. 11. Christ voyd of all ill affections Collos 3. Heb. 13. Heb. 11. 1. Pet. 2. Hoate complexion Tokens of a hoate Complexion Degrees of heate in man. Black haytes Curled hayres Varietie diuersity of body Imagination VVomeÌ„s intemperaunce A true report Black hayre Yelovv Whyte Redde Lib. 2. de Temper Why children hâ—â—e no beaâ—des Much store of hayre how it commeth To make the bearde grow Women ful of hayres on their head Hayrie women lecherous Barenuesse inwomeÌ„ vnablenes in men to get ChildreÌ„ Heate causeth holdnes Lib. 11 Cap. 37 The suttlety of Aristomenes Iudie 15. 16. 1. Reg. 17. Iud. 3. Bold rashnes Vertues defaced and marred by vices Lib. 6. de Rep. Bigge voyce AEnei 1. Things not naturall Artis Medicae 85. Ayre Fulsome pestileÌ„t ayre more hurtful then pestilent meat Contraryes are remedied by their coÌ„traryes A Enei 10 Dogge-dayes Englande praysed for clenly trim minge their houses Learned me and aged greatly reuerenced in England Meate drincke Lib. 1 Cap. 3. Moyst nourishmeÌ„t fittest for children Lib. 2 de leg lib 1. de tuend Valetud Wyne hurt full to children Qualefiers and alâ—yers of the heate of bloud 〈…〉 Li. 1. Off. Ill customes must by little and litle be taken away Chaunge in olde men dauÌ„gerous Cicero in Senect Lib. 5. de tueÌ„d Val. The profite thâ—t coÌ„meth by exercise Order of exercise Slouthe and ease hurtful Aduertisement to the sâ—â—dious Horace in Arte Poet. Sortes of exercise FreÌ„ch king killed in runninge at the Tylt 1559. Gentler exercises Musick chereâ—h maketh meerie the mynd of man. De valet lib. 5. A fit exercise for crokebacked persons To try good horses RecreatioÌ„s not commeÌ„dable Husbandry praysed Heau sce 1. Act. 1. Saciety or fulnes of Stomacke to be eselievved Epidi 6. Aphor. 5. The harme of Venerie or Carnall CopulatioÌ„ BloudlettiÌ„g not rashlye to be enter pryled Bloud spirite the treasure of life Not good for men in health to vse medicine Vomite seldome to be prouoked De ratione vict lib. 1. When to vomite Eccle. 31. To what persons vomyting is hurtfull The commodities of sleepe epist. 4. The day appointed for labour and the night for rest Eight hours for Sleepe Sound Sleepers Whye children and Dronkerdes be sleepye Who bee soone awaked oute of sleepe Wylie winkers Catchpoles Iuuen. Sat. 1. Lib. 1. Amor. The maner howe to lye in bedde Lying vpon the backe very vnholsome dauÌ„gerous Sleeping in the day hurtfull The harmes of ouerwatching All meÌ„ subiect to affections The greate hurts of affections Angre Tuscul 5. Tranquility of mynde TemperaÌ„ce Goddes holye spirite subdueth qualy fieth outragyous affections Heate the stayer and maintener of lyfe Cold the decay spoile of life Cold coupled wyth heate In cold bodyes heate doth not altogether lacke Creatures in touching cold The bloude of Fishes is cold What sorts of fishes beinge taken oute of the water liue longest Eatynge of fishe hurtfull to them that are giuen to be solytarie Genes 1. Act. 10. 1. Tim. 4. Solytary lyuers subiect to the Apoplexie A Snayles life Venemous Herbes Eccle. 12. Tokens of a colde Complexion Idlenes maketh the body fat and cold Heate maketh good colour Cold wasteth and taketh awaye colour Wanne colour The hungry Sicknesse Cold things stirre vp appetite Cold persoÌ„s drowsie and vnweldie The help cure of a cold body Foules hard of digestion Meates fit for cold persons Gardeine store Hoat Condimentes If men bee loath to be sicke it followeth that they be loth to die Death dreadfull Sinne the cause of sicknes death Sap. 2. 2. Kindes of death De Senect To be long lyued Notes of a dry CoÌ„plexion Lib. 2. Metam Baldnes coÌ„meth for lacke of humour Dry brayne causeth ill Memory Good MeÌ„morye Restoringâ— of the memorye Galen lib. 5. de tuen Val. Lib. 6. de tuend val Hard wynes or of the second sort Mylke Herbes hauing vertue to make one to pisse Lib. 2. Sat. 4. Turpentine holesome Lib. 3. de tuen Val. lib. 5. tueÌ„ val PrepariÌ„g of TurpeÌ„tine To make Turpentine liquide and potable Sleepe Friction Lib. 2. de tuen Val. Sixe sorts of Frictions Lucae 7. Lib. 15. Artificiall Bath Naturall Bathes Carnal dealing wyth womeÌ„ very hurtfull to dry and cold complexioÌ„s Studying by night and Candlelight hurtful Bodelye health De tueÌ„d Valet Bodye and mynde sick and wel together â–ª A holesome exercise for students Moderate banquetting not discommeÌ„dable Recreation of the mynd Comelye mirth at the Table Sat. 1. Lib. Ser. 2. Sat. 2. Curiosity in searching to high miste-ries Eccle. 3. Eche thinge ought to be done in his due time right order Moyst CoÌ„plexion Heate in maÌ„ likened to the SuÌ„ne and moysture to the Moone The influeÌ„ce force of the Moone The tokens of a moyste body Graye eyes Moyst complexioÌ„s not geuen to be malicious spightful Moyste natures not fumish and testy Tokens of a moyst complexioned body Euery parte of the body is by it selfe seuerally to be considered hath his proper temperature The state of the mynde in moyst coÌ„plexions Why men be wyser then womeÌ„ Eccl. 42 Carnall lust in Sommer to meÌ„ hurtfull Rue prouoketh lust in women but taketh it vtterly awaye in men Diet meete for a moyst CoÌ„plexioÌ„ Diet ouer moyst hurtful Moderate sleepe good for moyst persons Moyst folks must sleepe but very litle Sat. 1. Lib. 2. Aphor. 44. Moystare feedeth nourisheth heate Accordinge to the nourishment that a maÌ„ is fed withall humours eyther encrese or diminish The grosse exhalacion of humours hurtfull to the minde as dead and fulsome wyne is to the body Concord harmony in mans body De Natu â–ª humana Humours after a sort are the elemeÌ„ts of man. Eunuch Act. 4. Scaen. 5. The force and vertue of Seede Sounde parents beget sound Children ElemeÌ„tes 4. Qualities 4. Humours 4. The nature of bloud Phlegme Choler MelaÌ„cholie In bloud all the other humous are mixed When a veine is opened all the humours are ocularly to be seene Humours haue both colour and tast Spettle and Sweat haue their force power of humours TueÌ„d Val Lib. 6. De TeÌ„p 1 Temperatures subiect to chasige Old men by nature dry but in conditioÌ„ moyst DissensioÌ„ diuersitie of opinions daungerous The profite of bloud Leuit. 17. The cause why Moses forbad the eating of Bloudâ— Bloude not rashlye nor vnaduisedly to be let WheÌ„ce thâ— Arteries Veynes spring The Lyuer the shop of Bloud The heart fountaine of bloud The colour sheweth what humours be in the body Tuend val lib. 4. Affectes of the mynde chaung the colour of the face and body 1.
Reg. 16. Philip king of Spaine A straunge example of a yongman sodainly become graye headed One sodainly gray headed Why some men euen sodainly are chaunged in Complex iâ—n and colour Imagination Luke 22. Feare of death more terrible theÌ„ death it self Who dye in maner with out paine The cause of fearefulnes when a man is in dauÌ„ger Lib. 3. Aeneid A wyseman sometime is put in â–ª feare AstonnishmeÌ„t of mind taketh away the feeling of pain Leuit. 19. Deut. 13. Dreames sometime sent from God. Cap. 2. Cap. 7. To what vse and purpose sleepe serueth The vertue and force of bloud as touching the framinge of the inwarde dispositioÌ„ maners of the mynde PersoÌ„s mere Sanguine for the most part starcke fooles CommeÌ„t 1. de nat human Man a Wolfe Mic. ca. 7. Man a Lyon Cap. 19. MaÌ„ an Ape Man a Foxe Children â–ª quick stirâ—â—nge and playing and the cause why Boylinge of bloud in youth like to spurging of newe wyne in the Tunne Playig with the heade what it signifyeth Sapien. 4. In Art. Poet. Lewd and ill disposed CouÌ„sellours do youth mutch harm Pers Sa. 5 Good counsell and vertuous education bringeth youth to goodnes Bloud vseth the helpe of other humours in framing the manners Difference betweene Sangâ—ine Cholerick Cholericke persoÌ„s great flouters SaÌ„guine curteous and myld natured Inciination of nature Best proportion measure of blod to other humours Horat. in Art Poet. Humours of more force then the plâ—nets Hor. lib. 1 epist. 2. Bloude eggeth a man to riot and wilfuines Ephemera or Diaria The English Sweate a kinde of the Ague Ephemera When the Sweatinge sicknes first began in Belgie Blinde Byards In what sort â—o sweat and how longe Englishmen subiect aboue other Countreyes to the swearinge sickenesse Iuuen. Sat. 5. Hoat and moyst ComplexioÌ„s subiect to putre faction Receiptes Laxatiue soluble Howe exercise is to be vsed The head taketh hurt by the disorder of the in feriour meÌ„bers Oppilation of the liuer from wheÌ„ce it coÌ„meth Tuend Val. 6. Wormwod holsome for the liuer Things puttinge away oppilation Harmes of Venetie carnall copulation Commodity of Venery Seede beiÌ„g corrupt is cause of much incoÌ„â—enience ModeratioÌ„ of Carnall dealinges Prou. 8. Whores in lecherous lust neuer satisfyed nor in rewards Art. Modic 86. Sperme or Seede Matth. 19 1. Cor. 7. Sapient 8 Continency and Chastity a speciall gift of God. Matth. 17 Phlegm the matter of Bloud The myxture of the Humours compared to wyne Mylke of Bloud The cause why Pytha goras Scholers woulde eate no Mylke Mylke in the breastes of yonge Children Kernellie fleshe as in the dugges Euery parte of the body hath his seueral vertue The vse and effect of Phlegme The place where Phlegme is Diseases ê“ocedinge of Phlegme Hora. lib. 1. epist. 1. The heâ—d Stomacke the engendrers coÌ„ceptacles of Phlegme The harmes of a bodye and of a Realm first beginne at the head Prou. 19. 17. A brawling wife is lyke the top of a house wher throughe it is euer dropping Diseases ê“ceedinge of Rewmes Catarthes DroÌ„ken meÌ„ stammer double in their speach Stammereâ—â— cannot speake softly Nature of persoÌ„s Phlegmatike What Beastes fowles fishes be holesomest to eate A dead Eâ—le floateth not aboue water why Notes of a cold and moyst body Whereof hoarie hayres come Hoaryneâ—â—e in meates Dreames shewe and bewray the disposition state CoÌ„plexion of the bodye Naturall Dreams interpretable Diuine Dreames Dreames of the Phlegmatick Leuit. 19. Deut. 13. Wee maye not rashlye credite all Dreames Pollution effluxion of Seede howe it hapneth Canis paneÌ„ somnians Cap. 29. A place of Esay expoâ—ded Tokens of a colde and moyst complexion Reason yelded howe these Prouerbes EmuÌ„cte naris Obesae naris first began Prayse of a Phlegmatike person Phlegmatik persoÌ„s must vse exercyse Lib. 1. Tuend Val. lib. 5. The Phlegmatik must vse light suppers Foure kinds and effectes of Phlegme Gal. de Plenit Sweete Phlegme Sower Phlegme Doggishe appetite Epiala Salte Phlegme Harmes of salt Phlegm Glassie or clammie Phlegme What parts of the body be subiect to Phlegme Vse of Clysters Heate dissolueth moysture euen as the SuÌ„ne doth yse All men in daunger to phlegme Crudlty engendreth Phlegme All thinges done by memory Memory resteth in the Braine Things hurtful to the Memory Carnal knowledge of women is a weakening to the body A dry brain hath litle remembrauÌ„ce A moyste braine vnhable to remember Old folk yonge Children haue ill memories but the reason of the one is contrary to the other Temperature of the braine the maintenaÌ„ce of Memory Memory the gifte of Nature and is by Arte holpen and made better The reason why childreÌ„ caÌ„ remeÌ„ber things long afore done The Nucha and nape of the necke must bee kept warm A maÌ„ would bee glad to forget some things Mans corrupt nature more prone to ill theÌ„ to good Themistocles wyshed to learn the art of forget fulnes Olde grudges are to be forgotteÌ„ Healthe the strengthe of the Memorye Crudity and surphet the spoylers of Memory Ad HereÌ„ Lib. 3. tit 7. Memorye greatly helped and preserued by lighte Suppers In som shauinge of the head is a helpinge to Memory in other some a hindraunce Shauinge of the Bearde helpeth Memory ThiÌ„gs good for the Memory Herbes that sharpen the witte Restoratiues and remedies for the Memory being empayred or decayed throgh coldnes moysture To restoare a Memorye seemig past all recouery Onyons ill both for the eyes Memory Lactuce dimmeth the sight Rapes very beneficial restoratiue â–ª for the eyes What sorts of Braynes be beste for Memory Washing of the head Coriander Conserue of Quinces Sweet smels coÌ„fortable to the spirits The confectioÌ„ of Anacardus good for the Memory To restoare speach To restoare the right vse of the toÌ„gue to them that haue the Apoplexie The vertue of Lignum Aloes A Cocke to crow continnally without ceassing All thinges subiect to chaunge A Cholerick man. Choler natural and besyde nature The office of Choler Anger what it is By what partes of the body Choler is purged Iaundice Wringynge of the small Gutts Notes wherby to know a hoate and dry CoÌ„plexion Virg. li. 4 Georg. Yealow hayre Redde beards Nature of Themistos cles Red beardâ— argueth not alwayes an ill disposed person Wylie Foxes Lib. 6. Sat. 3. Horat. in Art. Poet. Iuuen. Sat. 6. Pale or Citrine Choler Tertian Agues Burâ—ing Ageâ—es Lucan lib. 7. Cholericke folkes haue many dread full and terrible Dreames Howe to purge Choler Slepe whole som good for Cholericke folke Yolkie Choler Leekish or greeue Choler Lib. 2. praedict ca. 39 Rustie or Brassie Choler The Wolfe 〈◊〉 disease Virg. AEneid 1. Death Man subiect to many casualties What limitation oure prayers and wyshes ought to haue No man but is subiect to MelaÌ„choly Students muche troubled wyth MelaÌ„choly Two sorts of MelaÌ„choly Whereto MelaÌ„choly is like The taste relyce of MelaÌ„choly De locis affect lib. 3. cap. 5. The vse and Nature of the Mylt In curcul Act. 2. The Mylte hindereth agility and quicknes of body Mylt caÌ„not be taken away The Splene lykened to a Princes Exchequer or Treasury The Mylte causeth a maÌ„ to laugh be mery Wyne cheereth the hartes of them that bee seuere maketh them as merye as a Pye. What time Melancholike persons be out of measure mery Beste for grim and seuere folkes to vse mery company The souereigntye of the heart Cordati Socordes Vecordes Genes 3. Catiline 1. Reg. 20 Genes 4. Cain a patterne of desperation Gal. 3. Agreement betwene the Heart and the Braine The Gall is the fouÌ„teina of Anger Tâ—e Lyuer causeth lust and carnall desire The Mylte beinge in right case cause of myrthe and cherefulnes The Mylte affected maketh the mynde heauy and sad Perturbations of mind Diseases of the Splene Pers Sa. 4. Signes of a desteÌ„pered Brayne Tormentes of an vnquiet mynde Timon a hater of all men Iliad 3. Causes of MelaÌ„choly affections Torment of an vnquiet and guiltye conscience Saty. 〈◊〉 Remoâ—â—â— Consciâ—â— for wiâ—â— deedes Esay 〈◊〉 Despysinge of Gods word auenged and punished Esay 36 Leaning to a broken reede 4. Reg. 18. Ezech. 29. Deut. 28. Leuit. 26. Iere. 〈◊〉 Double câ—â—trition 1. Cor. 10. Notes of a cold drye ComplexioÌ„ PersoÌ„s Phâ—â—gmatick 〈◊〉 coloured Trophonius Denne S. Patrickes Purgatory Three sorts of vnnatural MelaÌ„choly The colâ—â— of Melaâ—â— choly enâ—â—â—med Signes of suche as bee subiecte to MelaÌ„choly StaÌ„meringe of tongue Melancholy hath some heate in it Melancholike persons fickle headed and vnconstant Affectes of Melancholie cold Doltishe or Asselike Melancholie The force of Melancholie much encreased Probl. sect 30. Quest 13. Sundry coÌ„ditions of Drouken folkes Sat. 10. Melancholyke folkes lecherous Drunkards in the act of generation very weake and feeble Lib. 1. Epist. 5. Lib. 2. epist. 2. Certaine historyes of Melancholike persons A notable story and reporte of a certaine Melancholike man. Such as hee sterued vp with famine elye vpoÌ„ the seueÌ„th day Slepe easeth the ydlenes of the brain or rauing Aneid 6. How to expunge and beat downe MelaÌ„choly Three sorts of MelaÌ„cholye WheÌ„ to let Melancholike persons bloud Good for Melancholike persons to bee laxatiue soluble Lib. 6. Aph. 48. Spirits shuffle themselues in amoÌ„g the humors Melancholy folkes must keepe them selues soluble Hare geeueth MelaÌ„cholike nourishment Hare the holesoÌ„â—er 〈◊〉 â—â—gâ—hly hunted Ahore good for manye purposes in Phisicke To eate a Hare a Prouerbe Moderate myrthe and baÌ„quetting stirreth vp a pleasaunt colour and reuiueth the Spirits The outvvard countenaunce of a man bewrayeth the inwarde affections of his mind Diet for Melancholicke persons Liquide meates do quickly non rish Such as bee subiecte to sicknes and quaisie must eate but little bread The cause that briÌ„geth a stronge breath Holesome exhortatioÌ„ Quietnes tranquillity of mynd maketh all in good order and frame Printed at London in Fleetstreete by Thomas Marsh 1576. Cum Priuilegio
gleane and enioy any fruite of his wyshed estate He doth heerein much like to him that being spent in yeares euen at the pittes brincke carefully and busely saueth and purueigheth the neerer that hee coÌ„meth to his iourneyes end hath lesse way to go greater store and foyson of victual for his wayfaring expences a thinge in the opinion and iudgemente of Cato so absurde as nothinge more In which doinge hee wasteth all his labour and dealeth much like sayth Galene to â— man that in his old doating and decrepite dayes goeth aboute to learne some Arte or occupation whereas more meete it were for such a one to cal to remembraunce what a small time by course of nature he hath here to remaine and that his coÌ„tinuaunce here cannot be long but muste be packing awaye and depart to his long home Seinge therefore olde Age is to enioye and take no commoditie by chaunginge vsuall diet ordinary custome of lyuing it is better by euerye maner of way to cheerishe and comforte it and to heate and humect his colde and drye bodye wyth nourishment conueinente then doubtfully and by haphazard and otherwyse then that age permitteth to begin any new order sythence olde age is weake and feeble and not well able to beare oute euen the least disdiete that maye bee but if it fall thereinto hardly and with very much adoe can it escape and recouer it selfe out againe But forasmuch as naturall heate by moderate motion or exercise is encreased and streÌ„gthened and the Body and mynd of man wearyed wyth troublesome busynesse and cares is destrous with reste quietnes to bee refreshed to haue some reasonable truce relaxation euen as good heede and greate regard hereof in euery seueral CoÌ„plexion would be had for according to euery maÌ„s nature is the same sonderly to be vsed so in this hoate state CoÌ„plexion of body for the better maintenaunce and conseruation of health it would be well loked vnto and cyrcumspectyle considered Nothinge is holesomer nor more auayleable for health then seasonable Exercyse conuenient motion For by it the quicknes and vigour of the mynde is reuyued the faynt drowsye Spyrites styrred vp and awaked the soule and mynde checred and exhilarated all the parts of the body all the senses both within and without made nimble actiue perfect and ready to do their proper functions the colour fayrer fresher appetite prouoked sharpened the possages pores opened the coÌ„ceptories of the Veynes enlarged and made bigger whereby humours haue freer passage way into euery seuerall part of the body excremeÌ„ts commodiously purged concoction speedelyer finished the iuyce or humours being well cococted better distributed to the sustenaunce and nourishmente of euery member in the body last of all when the mynd is quyet calme then is sleepe sound and quiet also and not interrupted nor broken wyth phantastical dreames nightly imaginations yea then be al things duly seasonably and orderly vsed and done when the meate is throughly concocred and excrements by euacuation purged which by too vehement motion are drawen into the disposition or habite of the body stop the streit narrow pores therof When a man is disposed to exercise himself it shal be good to prepare his body therto by beÌ„ding and bowing thereof to stretch out his synewes and other parts of his body which peradueÌ„ture for want of exercise are stiffe thereby to make theÌ„ nymble plyable By this meanes shal hee wyth no greeuaunce or wearines vse exercise and so loÌ„g is it good for him to bestirre his body til his lymmes begin somewhat to swel a fresh ruddy colour in his face body with sweating to appeare which so soone as it happeneth is plainly to be perceyued it behoueth streightwayes to ceas froÌ„ exercise to chafe the body no further for if it be coÌ„tinued loÌ„ger not stinted by by the colour vanisheth awaye the body becoÌ„meth dry lancke And like as hoat coÌ„plexioned meÌ„ if they vse vehement swift motion wyth exercise heat chafe theÌ„selues throughly they haue thereby bodyes slender and by reason their naturall humoure is spent somewhat enclyning to drynesse so againe if they liue idly or giue themselues to drawsynes or to spending their time in riot distemperaunce loytringe slouth wantonnes ease nyce delytes they growe full of humours and ware wouderous grosse fatte and corpulent I maye peraduenture seeme to the sâ—â—emish and full stomacked Reader to bestawe herein â—o woâ—â—des then for such a matter are needeful but leâ— him vnderstaÌ„d that our purpose herein teÌ„deth to this onely end to admonish al men in general and namely Students and men of honourable byrth aâ—d such as further and fauour goad Studies and vertuous Arts and disciplines not to meddle with painful and vehemente stronge exercises specially when they be fasting or immediatly after meales neyther to sit at their Bookes at vnseasonable houres wearing away themselues still wythin doores and greatly wassing their animall spirites the faculties naturall of their bodyes For in both these sortes I see measure or meane in them wantinge whereof I purpose more at large to speake when I come to the discourse of the drye Complexion Furthermore forasmuch as there be sondry and diuers sorts of Exeraise and euery sort not apte decente for euery Age let euerye man trye and consider in himselfe whereto hee is by nature most apt and inclinable Hovv much his shoulders carye maye And vvhat they can not vvell vpstaye As for Wrestling Coytingo Tennis Bowlinge Whorlehattinge liftinge greate waightes pitching the harre Ryding Running Leapinge shooting in Gunnes swymming tossing the Pyke Tyltinge Barryers and Tourney are reckened amonge the exercises of strong men albeit some of them because they are violently and forciblye done haue of a mery beginninge a heauy and lamentable endinge as of late yeares it happened vnto the French King Henry the seconde of that name stoute Prince and of courage muincible who in a royall Iusting or running at the Tylt for the more solemnization of a nuptiall Pompe theÌ„ prepared receyued his deathes wounde with a splint or shyuer of a broken speare which pearced gotte in at the sight hoales or beauer of his Helmet and stroke the king into the eye and so to the braine whereof he sodainly fell into an Ague and after a few dayes dyed There be other kinds of exercise not of so great trauaile as these and lesse troublesome as to bee caryed in wagons or to be rowed in Boates soÌ„drye sortes of frictions walking eyther softly or apace Singinge and Musicall melodie chaunted eyther with liuely voyce or played vpon swete Instrumentes to the eares mynde righte pleasaunt and delightfull dryuing awaye heauynes and cheering and reuyunge the Spyrites when they are damped wyth thoughtes and carefull pensiuenes And if thereto be vsed a cleare
and lowde reading of bigge tuned sounds by stoppes and certayne Pauses as our Comicall felowes now do that measure Rhetorick by theyr peeuish Rhythmes it will bryng exceeding much good to the Breast and Muscles No lesse ease and profite lykewyse shall a man thereby finde for the openyng of hys pypes and expelling thence al obstructions specially if hee vse himselfe a litle to holde in his breath and pinching together his lyppes wyth his cheekes full blowen to let his breath gushe oute wyth a full sturdye sounde But this in yonge men sayth Galene is to bee moderated till they be at consistente Age and in mornynges when the body is emptye and not infarced neyther wyth the nightly exercyse of venerous pastimes afore wearyed and weakened This Exercyse also of al others is most chiefly coÌ„uenieÌ„t good for them that eyther by imperfectioÌ„ of nature or by negligeÌ„ce of Nurses are crooke-backed For the Muscles of their bulke breast and the lappes or bellowes of theyr LoÌ„ges being drawen together crooked toward theyr backs causeth theÌ„ to be shortwynded which by this meanes is greatly eased they therby made to fetche their wynd a great deale better with more facility Horses of good courage breedâ— when they feele the Spurre with coursinge tramplinge and fâ—tching the capre caryre or curuetty do the very same thinge naturally with their snuffing Nosethrils a tokeÌ„ wherby to know good coragious Horse which men do when they holde in theyr breath stroute out their C. jeekes This trick to make theÌ„ snuffe y Horscorsers vse by pinching them by the Noses and if thereupon they forthwyth puffe and blowe they take it for a certayne signe and sure token that the same horse is good and hath in him no hidden nor secrete fault For if he pace not well if he fling oute wyth his heeles and kicke if he haue a stiffe legge or a blynde eye and such like outward impediment it is euident by sight and loking on to be perceyued by other outward tokens ought and may easelye be found out and tryed I could heere repeate a great sort of other exercises moe as Dyce Tables Cardes but because they bee the pastimes recreations of ydle persons to be done standing still or sittinge and againe be not in y noÌ„ber of coÌ„mendable delights laudable solaces I haue spared in this place to speake anye thing of them For men of good nature and disposition when they haue any spare time from their other earneste busynesse desyre frequente such solaces sportes as are ioyned with honesty such as are the pleasures of the countrye practize of husbaÌ„dry which briÌ„geth with it not only pleasure but profite gaine also the plentifully without any dislykiÌ„g toyle For the master or owner of the ground needes not with his owne handes to moyle toyle digge and delue plough and carte sow harrowe breake cloddes to digge aboute his trees and cleanse awaye the superfluous and hurtful earth sithence he may take lesse paynes by committing the doing thereof to his Hindes and meigniall Hyerlings whom he may dayly ouersee and by word of mouth berke or figne appointe what he will haue to be done and taken in hand Which thing is meant by Terence where he bringeth in one old maÌ„ reprouing an other for drudging and moylinge in his grounde himselfe saying thus The toyle and labour vvhich thou takest vvith thyne ovvne hands if thou vvouldest bestovv the same in ouerseeinge thy folkes and setinge them to their busynesse thou shouldest haue more vvorke done by a great deale The owners foote maketh a fruitfull fielde sayth the Prouerbe and the Maysters eye fatteth the horse Now when we leaue of from exercyse and come to our meate and drincke which restoreth strength we must be very wary carefull that we ouercharge not our stomackes wyth superabundaunce and saciety For as too much abstinence and hunger is oftentymes hurtfull so too much fulnes and saciety is neuer profitable holesome for there wyth the Stomacke is too-much stuffed and distempered with cruditye engendring oppilation and putrefaction the verye breeders and procurers of Agewes and al other diseases To maynteyne preserue bodely health in perfect stay and soundnes all thinges are to be done in due order and by right choyse of iudgement so that according to the precept of Hyppocrates Labour or Exercyse Meate Drynck carnal Acte all muste be vsed in measure and be done in their due time and order Hereby wee see that by his opynion healthynes must take his beginning at Exercyse after which meate and drincke commeth next then Slepe and last of an carnall Act meetest for them sayth Galene â— vsually haue recourse thereto and feele sheve by leaste harme that is for 〈◊〉 Age for so Olde age and dry bodyes it is exceedingly hurtfull and most pernitious Neyther â—â—it without daunger and harme to be frequeÌ„ted of those that be of 〈◊〉 Complexions specially being vsed oute of season or immoderately or when the weather is hote In the Spring time it is more tolilerable and holesome after that the bodye is with moderate 〈…〉 meate and brincke heated and moystened and being also before sleepe For by this meanes the wearynesse 〈…〉 doing is by Sleepe incontineutly 〈◊〉 cased and repayred ¶ Emptynesse and Repletion THis moderation is in other thinges also to be obserued as when the body requyreth with meate and brincke to the refreshed or being wyth humours appâ—ete defyreth 〈◊〉 prouided alwayes that good consideration be had what strength the bodye is of what nature is able to beare and how farre herein a man may safely apuenture Which thing also in well and cyrcumspectly to be waighed and 〈◊〉 of in openyng of Veynes in prouokinge sweate in procuring laskes in skowringe and purginge the Entrailes and prouokinge vomites for in these regard and respecte muste be had both of time age custome nature and Countrey Neither ought any man of custome to vse and try any of these experiences rashly vpon himself except great cause therunto moue him or that he be troubled with much aboundaunce of noysome humours which requyre eyther by purgation or els by euacuation to bee expelled For in euerye CouÌ„try almost there be some which at all seasoÌ„s of the yeare vse to be let bloude or els by scaryfyinge the skinne to be cupped to the no small hindraunce daunger and empechmeÌ„t of their health for together with the bloude which is the treasure of lyfe there passeth out no smal deale of the vitall Spirite whereby the whole bodye falleth into great coldnes and nature weakened therby made lesse hable to performe her woorke and function So likewyse others without any aduyse of the Physitions wyll swallowe Pylles dryncke Purgations whereby they enfeeble their strength and hasten old age before the time The same now and then happeneth to sondry