vnto our soules so they doe poyson the vnderstanding and make it sottish in spirituall things for though there be first darknesse in our thoughts and enmitie in our wisdomes Hester 1. yet as Ahashuerosh doth first draw his Courtiers vnto wickednesse and then his Courtiers doe make him worse by flattery and other sinister meanes so the vnderstanding doth first surrender vp her naturall powers and offices being content to be blinded and mislead and that way be giuen to the will and desires to inthrone the Deuill and then the will and desires doe more infatuate the minde the belly fighting with the braine and misleading it being blinded to the ruine of the whole man Secondly consider that vnruly desires doe hinder comfort The greatest comforts which wee reape from our selues are our desires Good desires are the glory of a good mans soule what is a godly man but a man of desires Christianus est in fieri non in facto A Christian is what he hopes to be and therefore desires it rather than what he is by present practise What is the good mans faith Oh that I had Christ no doubt DAVIDS heart was not without a mystery when he was so eagerly carried after the water of the well of Bethlehem and this is the mysterie of faith in our hearts which is more eagerly carried after Christ with desires than with full perswasions Psal 119.5 And what is the good mans obedience Oh that my waies were so direct that I might keepe thy statutes As therefore if wee had but one worldly thing whence wee might reape comfort we would make much of that so let vs deale by our desires make we them as pretious as we can in Christ Iesus that God may accept the will for the deed It is true indeed that that cursed flesh which is in our bosomes preuaileth against vs much but blessed shall we be if our eares hearken in time to the wholesome counsell following Wee reade of the Lake of Armach in Ireland that it hath this propertie If you thrust a staffe into the bottome of it that part which is in the mudde is turned into iron and that which is in the water is turned into a whetstone Like vnto this staffe is the flesh and spirit of man in the Lake of this life The flesh which carrieth a mans desires to digge in the mudde of this world is turned as it were into iron and therefore it is no maruell if it preuaile against our frailtie but the spirit which at the worst descends no lower than to the troublesome billowes of this world is as it were turned into a whetstone this must be broke off and not only scoure the rust of the flesh but euen consume it that so at the last wee may haue our desires at command as DAVID Happie shall wee be if by being strong in the Lord and in the power of his might we shall make our desires to be like that liuing herbe called Sentida of which they write thus That if a man doe but offer to touch it it withdraweth the leaues and if hee touch it indeed it drieth vp and withereth which yet so soone as the hand is withdrawne flourisheth againe happie I say shall we be if thus so soone as any worldlinesse or wickednesse doe but offer to approach we draw our desires away by a sigh to heauen if it take possession we droope and die within our selues and neuer be at rest and flourish till it be gone againe Thus we haue viewed the choice of the Good-mans desires we will further view them in their Constancie Constancie The wickedest man amongst vs may say If this be so pretious a thing to reserue and limit my desires as DAVID did to this one thing then I am sure enough of my hand for euen I Balaam who would haue pleaded an ill cause and pronounced an vnrighteous sentence Numb 23.10 in cursing them whom God had blessed and blessing them whom God had cursed Gen. 27.34 haue reserued my desires for the death of the righteous and I Esau who haue set more by earth than heauen haue reserued my desires for my Fathers Propheticall blessing But DAVID takes vp the matter and telleth vs that as it is the office of the good mans desire to make choice so to be constant in their choice and to like the good obiect whereat it lookes too well to change What I haue desired that will I seeke Hence carry this point with you That Gracious desire is not satisfied till the partie desiring doe embrace the thing desired Yee know how it was with DAVID when he was desirous to finde out a place for the Arke that signe of Gods presence he had no rest till he had done it he would not come into the Tabernacle of his house nor come vpon his pallet or bed he would not suffer his eyes to sleepe Psal 132.3 4. nor his eye-lids to slumber till he had found out a place for it Euen so is it with al Gods people in prosecuting of al good desires they are sicke and their soules faint within them till they haue brought them to some good passe See it in Christs Spouse in the Canticles Cant. 3.1 2 3 4 5. shee desired communion and fellowship with Christ wherefore shee gaue her selfe no rest in her bed by night she sought him whom her soule loued and though she found him not yet she arose and resolued to seeke him still when she could not enioy her desired content by her owne industrie she runnes to the Ministery of the Word the Watch-men thus she is like the Turtle that mournes her selfe to death if she cannot finde her mate To open this more distinctly the vnweariednesse of holy desires is seene in three things First they consume all difficulties for Gods sake let a man desire any thing that good is he shal finde such pailes of water as these are to be throwne into this fire why should I desire this seeing it crosseth my profit pleasure ease or seeing I hauing obtained it shall be exposed to reproach and contempt But grace consumes all this and makes a man say with Nehemiah Should such a man as I feare and this not out of selfe-loue vaine-glory checke of conscience but for God and goodnesse sake Secondly they are fixed vpon the thing desired and presse vpon the superiour faculties of the soule to know it better to approue it and neuer to forget it though not to be enioyed but after long time and many conflicts So that as desires make a man neuer to stand vpon difficulties as I said before and as we see in the souldier who through desire of victory and prey standeth not vpon the hazard of his life so they fasten the eye of the soule with intention vpon the thing desired as the desires of the louer captiuates the blinded minde to admire to inuent praises deeply and often to thinke vpon and the will and affections
and I pray God they may see it from true mortification and reformation of heart For doe but consider that either they doe not know or will not know the right enemie wherewith they should fight to this end that is the cursed Flesh which is in our bosomes For when the Scripture speaketh of the lusts of the flesh which we must mortifie they doe sometimes vnderstand our bodies and therefore for the suppressing of it Vnderstand me not as if I did condemne Fasting and other laudable bodily exercises but onely as shewing by these principall weapons what principall aduersarie they fight against to wit the bodie Ephes 5.28 29. they doe presse vpon bodily exercises as Fastings whippings Haire-cloth bare-foot visitings of Temples Shrines and the like whereas the bodie and the spirit may well goe hand in hand as the Apostle saith No man euer yet hated his owne flesh but nourisheth and cherisheth it euen as the Lord the Church to wit so farre forth as it may be done without making Nature either proud or wanton Sometimes againe they doe vnderstand the brutish and inferiour facultie of the soule whereby it affecteth and desireth profits pleasures as meats drinkes cloathing and procreation But euen this also in it selfe cannot be said to be our enemie which being well manned is of so good and necessarie vse in the life of man that without it there would neither be preseruation of particulars nor kindes Nature would neither preserue it selfe nor the succession thereof in its like In both these they misse the marke and shoot at a friend in stead of an enemie In which respect a man may goe to the height of their taught deuotion and yet be as arrant hypocrites as euer were But as for our Church the whole bent of it tends to perfect our sanctification in the feare of God 2 Cor. 7.1 It makes the flesh to be the corruption of our whole nature both in our bodies and soules The corruption of our mindes by enmitie and ignorance of our consciences by stupiditie and furie of our cogitations by vanitie of our wils by rebellion of our desires by disorder the like So that we teach and presse that the minde must goe to the pot as we say as well as the appetite yea the wisdome of it whereby we exalt our owne righteousnesse and set vp our holinesse and other worth as cursed idols as well as the brutish folly that is in our carnall desires We doe not flatter the minde with an aptnesse to spirituall wisdome or the will with an aptnesse to will good if it be excited by the Spirit that so we may dishonour Gods worke of grace and make our selues something when we are nothing but as we doe giue the greatest glory of good as it is wrought in and by vs to the minde sanctified for which cause the whole worke of our conuersion as it is well obserued is called the changing of the minde 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Matth. 3.2 so in sinning we make it the arch-rebell in yeelding it selfe so freely to thinke of wickednes so fully to discourse of the profit pleasure and honour of it so friendly to parly with euery suggestion which offereth it selfe to our corrupt hearts that it is euen basely bribed and blinded to giue way to the consent of our wills to the greedinesse of our desires to the swift mouing of our affections and to the eagernesse of our actions to doe those things which are wicked in the sight of God and man Oh how doth this make vs to denie our selues and flie vnto him that is made wisdome 1 Cor. 1.30 righteousnesse sanctification and redemption to vs while the Popish Church liuing in a seeming holinesse in some of her choise members doth yet vnholily rest vpon her owne wisdome though it be to the tolerating of Stewes to the filling of Rome it selfe with the cries of Sodome But say they what are their vnholy Stewes more than our vnholy Vsury For if Stewes be collerated amongst them to preuent a greater mischiefe so is Vsury amongst vs. But stay a while As Leontines pointing to his gray haires said to the Antiochians Hac niue liquefacta multum erit luti When this snow is thawed there will be much dirt so when this blister is pricked may we say there will appeare much vlcerous matter For the clearing therefore of our Church in this point of Vsury that the Stewes of Rome may the more stinke in the nostrils of good men consider two Questions First whether England doe permit Vsury as the Church of Rome doth the Stewes Secondly whether if wee did it might stand in equall ballance with a Stewes To the first I answer two things First that England doth not permit Vsury but restraine the abominable griping that was brought in by the Iewes For if you looke into the Law you shall finde it called a Statute against Vsury yea it calleth Vsury a vice and sinne and saith it is detestable as you may see in tâ—e Statutes at large where the Prefaces are yea I haue heard as I take it men skilfull in the Law say that if it can be proued by bond that a man doe but take ten shâ—llings in the hundred for Vsury hee forfaits the whole summe Therefore the Vsurers are so craftie as to make their Creditours vpon the lending of an hundred pound to become debtors to them for an hundred and ten or eight or seuen or the like by bond and not to binde them to giue ten pounds for the meere vse of an hundred Secondly England dealeth not with Vsury as Rome doth with the Stewes for shee doth blanch and excuse it and therefore sometime they say that it is but a permission of a lesse euill to auoid a greater as Sodomy Buggery and the like when yet vnder this cloake Ely might without blame haue suffered the sins of his sonnes in the porches of the Tabernacle to preuent more hainous sinnes and further degrees of Sodomy Sometimes againe they tell vs that they doe not permit them without meanes to reclaime them both by punishments and preachings as if it could excuse them to permit houses of sinning that they may exercise their censures they are mad men that build houses for theeues and burne them downe when they haue done Sometimes againe they will tell vs that the rents and pensions so gotten are imployed to maintaine penitent harlots as if God delighted in the price of a harlot or it were lawfull for vs to doe euill that good might come thereof Thus would the Church of Rome like a harlot put a beautifull complexion vpon an vgly face yea from such like and other filthinesse euen in their holy Fathers the Popes See Bellar. in his preface to his bookes De Pontif. Rom. they can draw an argument of glory and renowne to Peters chaire as being a signe of Gods speciall hand that it hath endured so long But as for vs we are readie to condemne
till it hath brought vs downe to the desperation of hell Thus we haue passed the generalls of this reasoning In reasoning there is first the to descend now vnto the particulars wee shall first meet with the proposition which is the first part of reasoning wherein wee doe propound and beare witnesse vnto that truth which is made knowne vnto vs. 1 Proposition Whence I offer this point to be considered that In our selues there is a witnesse which will propound the truth according to knowledge From hence is it that Paul ioyneth these two together to wit the knowledge of God and the knowledge of our owne hearts 1. Cor. 2.11 No man knoweth what is in man saue God and the spirit that is the conscience From this witnessing power Dauid saith Psal 51.3 My sinne is euer before me and the brethren of Ioseph were compelled to vtter this speech Wee verily sinned against our brother Gen. 42.21 in that wee saw the anguish of his soule when he besought vs and we would not heare him therefore is this trouble come vpon vs. Yea and God himselfe implying this power vnto Kain Gen. 4. saith Sinne lieth at the doore Sinne lieth at the doore What is that We ordinarily looke vnto one of these three senses either the punishment of sinne is at hand for amongst the Hebrew sinne is taken for the punishment of sinne as Christ is said To be sinne for vs 2 Cor. 5.21 or else thy sinne is not secret for thou shalt be no more able to conceale it than that which doth lie at the doore in euery ones view or else the conscience of thy sinne shall forthwith fly vpon thee because the witnessings and twinges of the conscience doe ineuitably follow sinne But if wee take all these three together they make one intire sense as if God should say Kain thou canst not so hide thy sinne from mee but that it will inwardly fret and gnaw vpon thy conscience and outwardly draw speedie vengeance But more fully to open this witnessing power of conscience I would consider foure points First Whether wee in our courses can lie hid from our consciences I answer for a time wee may both through the weaknesse of nature when the naturall conscience doth not take notice of sinne Acts 15. as when the Gentiles accounted fornication a thing indifferent when the people of Calicute and Narsinga doe without regret worship the deuill when we walke in the waies of our Fathers whether good or bad without checke and the like as also by the iust iudgement of God when he doth giue vs ouer for our sins to hardnesse of heart and to a cauterized conscience as the Gentiles Rom. 1. who because they did not glorifie God with their naturall knowledge were giuen ouer to vnnaturall sinnes Yet wee shall not alwaies sleepe thus securely it will looke vpon vs with a witnesse and speake so loud in our eares that we shall see a map of our miseries as Theodoricus did the face of Symachus whom he had murthered in a fish-head on his table and shall make vs leaue behinde vs such a desperate will when wee die as English Hubertus did who had beene a couetous oppressor I yeeld my goods to the King my bodie to the graue my soule to the deuill The second point is this to consider seeing we cannot lie hid from our consciences what conscience doth witnesse I answer It witnesseth both our sins and our righteousnesse As for our sinnes this is that ancient officer of God whereby he doth reproue vs and set our sinnes in order before vs. If wee sinne in our thoughts Psal 50.21 conscience taketh notice of it for as we will say for our owne cleering In my conscience I did not so much as thinke it so Paul said of the Gentiles their thoughts accused or excused them Rom. 2. yea and those that are come from the knowledge of conscience to the feeling of it can with griefe tell that conscience doth thus If we sin in our wills and affections conscience taketh notice of it As Paul saith Rom. 9.1 My conscience beareth mee witnesse by the Holy Ghost that I haue great heauinesse for you So on the contrary if his will and affections had not beene carried the right way his conscience would haue beene vpon the backe of him for it as we see in his reluctâ—tion betweene the flesh and the spirit Rom. 7.15 I allow not that which I doe yea what I hate that I doe If we sinne in our words conscience presently heareth therefore Solomon obseruing it saith Take no heed to all words for oftentimes thine owne heart knowes that thou hast also cursed others If we sinne in our actions conscience will not ouerpasse them It told Iudas that hee had sinned in betraying innocent bloud and makes infinite complainâ—s and conâ—essions in all sorts of people at some times or other Seâ—ondly as for oâ—r righteousnesse conscience doth witnesse our sonship as the Apostle saith Rom. 8.16 The spirit of Goâ— beareth witnesse with our spirit that wee are the children of God as also our new obedience and holinesse For this wâ— see plaine in the example of Paul Heb. 13.18 2 Cor. 1.12 Act. 23.1 whose conscience told hiâ— That hee was willing in all things to liue honestly that in simplicitie and godly purenesse he had his conuersation in the world and that in all good conscience he serued God In the third place if it be demanded how the conscience doth witnesse I answer that you that feele it know and from my feeling I expresse it thus The vnderstanding is the spy to informe from that light which it doth receiue either from Nature or from the Word of God the Memorie is the recorder of the court within for all the passages of mans life we cannot in this kinde learne the art of forgetfulnesse for though wee may seeme to forget it for a time as the sonnes of Iacob did the selling of Ioseph yet in day of affliction houre of death and day of iudgement our reckonings will be bleeding new and then this diuine power doth take a view of our whole liues and from that office which God hath giuen it witnesse truly and bring to passe all our doings as in the sight and presence of God If now in the fourth place you will aske me Why the conscience doth in these reasonings as a witnesse propound the truth I answer In two respects First In respect of God that God may bee manifested to be a iust God in his proceedings There aâ—e many secret sinnes which no man in the world can witnesse for which if God should proceed against vs he might seeme vniust To the end therefore that God might be cleered in the day of vengeance hee hath set a witnesse within our selues which will not lie Secondly In respect of our selues because it might be of excellent vse through the whole course of our
Christ The dead shall heare the voice of God and shall arise Both which places doe speake of a gracious arising from sinne As therefore the holy Ghost saith All must first die and then comes the resurrection to iudgement So all must first die to sinne or they shall neuer arise to liue godlily Sometimes againe it is called a Quickning Psal 119.25 as when Dauid saith Quicken me according to thy Word As therefore the Apostle saith 1 Cor. 15. O foole that which thou sowest is not quickned except it die So neither are our soules quickned except they thus die Secondly if we respect the malice of sinne it is such a deadly aduersarie that we cannot be deliuered from death in sinne but by the death of sinne if we doe not kill sin sinne will kill vs. As AZahel pursued Abner like a swift Roe so doth sinne vs euen vnto the graue and will neuer giue vs rest till it be quite vanquished in the perfect mortification of the bodie against the day of the Resurrection As therefore wee doe desire that grace may liue so wee must striue that this deadly enemie of grace may die Vse 1 We hauing thus considered the truth of this point may deriue from it both matter of doctrine and matter of exhortation As for doctrine it learneth vs that there must be a thorow change in all the children of God before they can be termed gracious Iohn 11. As when Lazarus who stunke in his graue was raised from death to life there was a thorow change in him a change in his parts essentiall and a change in his parts integrall in which respect a man might well haue said here is not the same man euen so is it with euerie one of vs when God makes vs gracious which change that we doe not conceiue to be substantiall we must marke as we are often taught that as there are three things to be considered in an instrument the bodie the strings and the harmonie wrought by the skill of the player So in man there is the bodie and soule the faculties and the worke of them Now touching this change the bodie soule and faculties remaining intire the change is made in the last when discord thorow the whole man is changed into concord and anomie in all the powers of man into conformitie to Gods will For this cause sanctification may be compared vnto our sense of touching If of blinde wee are made seeing there is a change but in the eye if of deafe wee are made hearing there is a change but in the eare if our smelling be restored there is a change but in the nose if our tasting be brought to vs againe there is a change but in the pallat but if our feeling be lost and restored there is a change in the whole bodie So is it with this spirituall Resurrection and quickning which worketh a change in the powers of the whole bodie and soule in putting them ouer to Gods vse There must be a new vnderstanding quickned to know Gods will a new heart quickned to incline vnto it and imbrace it new bodily instruments quickned to be weapons of righteousnesse vnto holinesse yea and the whole man 2 Cor. 5.17 or a new man or a new creation both in the whole soule and bodie and spirit to be kept blamelesse vntill the comming of our Lord Iesus 1 Thess 5.23 Thus in the first place let vs take notice of this point that so we entring into our selues and viewing the whole man may discerne by a change or no change whether we are sanctified and quickned yea or no. Vse 2 Secondly this point serueth also to exhort euery one of vs to a conscionable care to trie whether we haue life in vs yea or no. If we liue we can say as the father of his prodigall sonne This my sonne was dead and is aliue So I was dead yea I am dead vnto sinne and am aliue Wee haue no more assurance that we are aliue than we haue certaintie that we are dead If England and Ireland lay claime to one peece of ground the triall must be this Put a snake into it if it liues it belongs to England if it dieth it is Irish ground Right so if there be a controuersie betweene God and the Deuill whose possession man shall be the triall shall be thus Put the Serpent sinne into him if it liue he is the Deuils if it pine away and die he is part of Gods heritage Will you inquire then how we shall know whether sin die in vs yea or no I answer as a man may know whether another be dead vnto nature by the antecedent of death to wit sicknesse by the concomitants of death namely the decay of senses and pangs of death and by the consequents which are coldnesse and putrefaction So answerably we may know whether we are dead vnto sinne these three waies First by this antecedent which goeth before it namely See these three more largely in my Sermon on 2 Cor. 5.17 if we be sicke of sinne If as a man surcharged with grosse humours is neuer at ease till he haue abated them by vomit or purge so we oppressed with our sinnes can haue no rest in our soules till wee haue discouered sinne to our selues by examination opened it to God by confession executed reuenge vpon it by godly sorrow and purged it by faith in Christ then sinne is in a good degree to death Secondly by these two concomitants which goe with it First the sense of sinne must decay If therefore our eyes doe feebly behold vanitie and not with that vigour and content as before if our eares cannot endure to heare of it if we flie from the garment spotted of the flesh as from a Serpent if we finde no rellish and sauour in it but with an honest heart can say to it as to an vnprofitable thing Get thee hence then are wee in a second degree in the death of sinne But if secondly wee are come to the pangs of this death and doe finde that our sins through our lothnesse to forsake them haue striued and struggled as for life haue disturbed the peace of our soules haue sadded the flesh as those that mourne for the death of their friends haue comforted the spirit as those that reioyce at the death of enemies and so haue made the paines of the new birth the greater then are we a degree further in the death vnto sinne Thirdly we shall know it by these consequents which follow vpon it to wit coldnesse and putrefaction If therefore the heat of sinne be ouer Esay â— and the spirit of burning doe by degrees take possession of the place to consume it and if it rot and stinke in our account and make vs a burthen to our selues so long as it retaineth liuelihood in any corner of our bodies or soules then this is a fourth degree in the death of sinne and that which may assure vs of