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A66467 The necessity & extent of the obligation, with the manner & measures of restitution in a sermon preached the 9th of October, 1681, before the corporation of Haverford-West, at Saint Mary's in Haverford / by William Williams ... Williams, William, Minister of St. Mary's in Haverford. 1682 (1682) Wing W2787; ESTC R9189 16,784 31

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To which I thus Answer That that Declaration Almighty God made in the Second Commandment That He would Visit the Iniquity of the Fathers upon the Children is very general because it is to the Children of all them that hate Him that is not only to the Children of them that Worship the Host of Heaven as some of the Gentiles did or any thing upon Earth or the Water under the Earth or the Images of any of them but such as preferred any thing before Him that Preference of a Thing being counted an hatred of Him because it supposes an incompetency of Love to Him And if so sure to them that gratify their Lust or Covetousness their Pride and Ambition or any Sin proceeding from them or any thing else whatsoever contrary to God's clear Commands I say This Declaration which God there made so general was never absolutely repealed In Ezekiel indeed we find That to the Children of Israel that had taken upon the Execution likely of this part of the Law up a Proverb that The Fathers had Eaten sowr Grapes and that the Childrens Teeth were set on Edge God promises something that looks like the Contrary The Reason and Import whereof yet may probably be this That the Sins of that Age of the Jews were so great and provoking that when God Avenged them to the full upon Recollection and just Examination of themselves they might find no reason to think that there was any need from the heap of their Father's Trespasses to take in any to aggravate their Sins and so bring down a greater proportion of Judgement but that their own every Man 's singly or the present Communities might be sufficient to provoke more Judgements than they saw Executed upon them or else That their Provocations had been and were so great that whereas God formerly had in some cases suspended the Execution of a Vengeance due upon the Father's Trespasses to the time of his Posterity as he did in the case of Ahab That he would not then shew so much Mercy but Punish as fast as they Offended but whether for such or some other Reason He did to the Children of Israel for some season determine it should be otherwise yet that he did finally and universally that is That he did for ever resolve and to all People that it should be otherwise doth no ways and no where appear but the contrary by the Observation of all Ages So that you see That whatever the Sin of the Father be his Children have no warrant from Holy Scripture other than the first Sinner had that they will escape the Punishment that is have no other Warrant no Condition than Repentance and that a true sincere One attended with all the genuine Fruit and Effects of it but on the other side God's Truth that can never fail to assure them they may be Avenged upon for the Sins of the Father and for the manner to inquire since God hath made no Discovery would be a sinful and useless Curiosity When he saies He will do a thing we may assure our selves He will find a way to do it But whatever mitigation the Children of other Sinners may have of this Menace surely he that comes into the unjust Possession of his Father as such will have none for look whatsoever he hath in his Substance derived from his Father more than he would have had in case his Father had done all Right paid all their own so much hath he that was not his Fathers and consequently more than his Father could justly Derive to him And his continuing a Possession of them doth not only entail upon him the Vengeance denounced in the Second Commandment which if he had had none of those unlawful Possessions from his Father he had been obnoxious to but doubles it by practising and continuing in the Sin His Father's Sin was detaining unjustly another's and he Succeeds him as his Son naturally without that liable to the Punishment and as continuing the Sin in his own person And be sure the Guilt tho the sence of it may doth not lessen the longer the Sin is practised but increases with time and the Advantage made of it For see how much the first wrong quick stock hath advanced any Man's Estate above what it would have been without it so much it might have advanced the right Owner's if he had not been Injured and consequently so much ought to be Restored to the last Mite of a Man's Possession which if it do not rise to a full Restitution it ought to be Weighed out as much as possibly he can in Sorrow before God for the Injuries which if he had been able he ought to have testified by a full Restitution by his hearty Prayers to God to make the injured person Amends and his Recommendation of him to such Men as he can influence that are of Ability to make him nor indeed in order to Restitution ought a Man to take his measures from the Advantage himself hath made of things wrongfully Detained but account upon the best Husbandry could be used about them This I presume a clear and full Solution of the Question proposed with this notice That what I said of the Son of the first Offender must be applyed to all continuing the unjust Possession and making Advantages of it proportionably to the Advantages they have and the right Owner might have made of it in such a time Now I come more particularly to the things a person may injure and be injured in They are Goods or Body or Name or All. First Goods we know comprehend all the Possessions or things a Man may have Right to a Propriety whereunto for the support and comfort of Men God hath approved and himself given general Rules for the determination of The keeping of Money or Land or any Thing else whatsoever of Right belonging to another is a violation of Right which must if a Man would be saved be restored or amended as I shewed before in the general Secondly A Man may Injure and be injured in his Body several ways by several persons In his Infancy for want of due Care in the Nurture of it and so may the Mind also be Injured or in his Maturity and perfect Strength either in part of his Body by being Maimed or so or in the whole by industrious Ministring of pernitious Diet or Physick or vexation of Spirit in all which and the like cases are required all the Amends that may be from the offending Person proportionable to the unhappinesses sustained by any Person by his Means and that extended to his Relations to whom he might have been more useful if he had not sustained those Wrongs in his Body Thirdly The third thing wherein an Injury may be done a Person is his good Name A thing that Solomon pronounces generally Precious but of mighty Consequence to some above others as being that whereupon their own and their Families livelyhood do depend nay of so ill consequence may