i_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v a_o globe_n of_o water_n as_o he_o can_v never_o prove_v it_o so_o i_o can_v never_o disprove_v it_o unless_o i_o have_v such_o media_n of_o access_n to_o that_o body_n that_o can_v to_o my_o sense_n and_o experience_n confute_v it_o and_o therefore_o in_o such_o case_n the_o proof_n must_v be_v cast_v upon_o the_o assertor_n yet_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o thing_n that_o render_v this_o supposition_n not_o very_o credible_a 1._o that_o it_o seem_v a_o unnecessary_a multiplication_n of_o being_n who_o office_n be_v well_o enough_o supply_v without_o they_o namely_o by_o the_o energy_n of_o the_o glorious_a god_n and_o those_o special_a active_a principle_n that_o he_o have_v lodge_v in_o almost_o all_o create_a nature_n and_o those_o institution_n and_o law_n that_o he_o have_v alligate_v and_o annex_v to_o the_o particular_a work_n of_o his_o creation_n and_o the_o systeme_n and_o syntax_n of_o the_o world_n 2._o but_o principal_o upon_o a_o strict_a examination_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o most_o of_o these_o phaenomena_n in_o nature_n and_o motion_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o active_a principle_n reside_v in_o particular_a subject_n or_o by_o the_o usual_a and_o necessary_a mechanism_n of_o body_n without_o our_o call_n to_o their_o immediate_a performance_n this_o suppose_a spirit_n of_o nature_n 3._o again_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o form_v to_o ourselves_o a_o notion_n of_o this_o spirit_n nature_n that_o may_v have_v any_o probable_a certainty_n let_v we_o take_v but_o these_o few_o difficulty_n 1._o be_v it_o a_o distinct_a self-subsisting_a spirit_n separate_v from_o matter_n or_o be_v it_o a_o kind_n of_o common_a soul_n or_o form_n reside_v in_o the_o universe_n as_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o brute_n reside_v in_o his_o body_n and_o unite_v to_o it_o by_o a_o wonderful_a union_n if_o it_o be_v the_o former_a it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o angelic_a nature_n not_o unite_v to_o matter_n but_o act_v separately_z upon_o it_o subsist_v without_o it_o and_o be_v in_o all_o probability_n a_o intelligence_n if_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v fit_a to_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o immaterial_a form_n as_o the_o humane_a soul_n and_o then_o perchance_o we_o shall_v give_v it_o too_o great_a a_o preference_n or_o be_v it_o a_o material_a form_n as_o that_o of_o brute_n and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v worth_a know_v whether_o it_o have_v the_o like_a perfection_n of_o sense_n or_o be_v of_o a_o low_a allay_n and_o only_o vital_a like_o those_o of_o vegetable_n or_o be_v it_o a_o kind_n of_o connatural_a sense_n suit_v to_o all_o material_a being_n together_o with_o a_o sentient_a perception_n and_o appetite_n proportionate_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o material_a or_o substantial_a create_v be_v as_o campanella_n and_o our_o learned_a countryman_n have_v late_o assert_v whatever_o it_o be_v we_o be_v perfect_o in_o the_o dark_a to_o form_v any_o conception_n of_o it_o with_o any_o tolerable_a evidence_n or_o satisfaction_n again_o 2._o be_v there_o other_o particular_a or_o specifical_a form_n in_o the_o several_a class_n of_o material_a existence_n as_o animal_n vegetable_n mineral_n etc._n etc._n that_o exert_v the_o several_a operation_n that_o seem_v specifical_a to_o their_o nature_n but_o individuate_v in_o the_o several_a individual_a existence_n or_o be_v this_o common_a spirit_n of_o nature_n that_o which_o exert_v all_o these_o operation_n which_o be_v therefore_o only_o diversify_v by_o the_o diversification_n of_o the_o composition_n of_o those_o body_n in_o which_o and_o through_o which_o they_o be_v exert_v as_o the_o common_a bellows_o in_o the_o organ_n and_o the_o breath_n thereof_o give_v the_o various_a sound_n in_o the_o organ-pipe_n according_a to_o their_o figure_n stop_v or_o amplitude_n if_o we_o suppose_v the_o former_a we_o seem_v to_o multiply_v entity_n without_o necessity_n if_o the_o latter_a we_o destroy_v all_o that_o we_o be_v building_n and_o make_v all_o the_o animal_n and_o vegetable_n and_o material_a being_n in_o the_o universe_n if_o this_o spirit_n be_v universal_a or_o in_o this_o low_a world_n if_o single_o belong_v to_o this_o systeme_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o pure_a mechanical_a piece_n without_o any_o sentient_a or_o vital_a principle_n of_o their_o own_o but_o only_o be_v the_o dead_a tool_n and_o instrument_n of_o this_o spirit_n of_o nature_n such_o difficulty_n as_o these_o will_v be_v clear_v to_o give_v we_o some_o idea_n or_o probable_a fix_a notion_n of_o this_o spirit_n of_o nature_n or_o hylarchical_a principle_n but_o now_o if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v the_o interposition_n of_o this_o common_a spirit_n of_o nature_n in_o some_o phaenomena_n or_o motion_n of_o particular_a body_n yet_o it_o seem_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o suppose_v these_o two_o thing_n in_o the_o exertion_n thereof_o 1._o that_o it_o do_v not_o immediate_o interpose_v unless_o upon_o great_a emergency_n and_o to_o deliver_v the_o thing_n of_o nature_n from_o some_o important_a inconvenience_n which_o without_o so_o effectual_a a_o interposition_n will_v befall_v they_o as_o to_o preserve_v the_o continuity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n or_o avoid_v vacuity_n and_o the_o like_a and_o not_o upon_o those_o little_a occasion_n which_o be_v of_o no_o consideration_n and_o importance_n whether_o they_o be_v relieve_v or_o supply_v or_o not_o such_o as_o be_v the_o emergency_n of_o a_o rundle_n of_o light_a wood_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n or_o the_o sustain_n of_o a_o weight_n or_o attraction_n by_o the_o embolus_fw-la of_o a_o syringe_n or_o air-pump_n or_o the_o keep_n up_o of_o the_o valve_n or_o operculum_fw-la in_o the_o low_a end_n of_o a_o tube_n immerse_v in_o water_n these_o and_o the_o like_a instance_n be_v of_o so_o small_a concernment_n to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o universe_n or_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o physical_a body_n that_o they_o be_v scarce_o worthy_a the_o access_n of_o the_o noble_a spirit_n of_o nature_n nodi_fw-la vix_fw-la tali_fw-la vindice_fw-la digni_fw-la 2._o that_o if_o this_o spirit_n of_o nature_n do_v at_o any_o time_n interpose_v yet_o it_o rare_o if_o at_o all_o act_n by_o violent_a or_o convulsive_a motion_n but_o pacate_o and_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v in_o consonance_n to_o the_o regular_a disposition_n of_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o even_o in_o animal_n where_o their_o motion_n be_v exert_v by_o a_o clear_a internal_a vital_a sentient_a principle_n it_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n act_v regular_o and_o in_o the_o best_a mechanism_n imaginable_a their_o body_n nerve_n bone_n muscle_n be_v order_v by_o a_o rare_a and_o excellent_a mechanism_n for_o the_o exerting_fw-mi of_o those_o motion_n and_o the_o motion_n themselves_o perform_v by_o those_o organ_n by_o the_o explosion_n and_o retraction_n of_o the_o spirit_n in_o their_o several_a vessel_n with_o admirable_a order_n and_o artifice_n as_o will_v appear_v to_o any_o that_o will_v bestow_v the_o pain_n to_o read_v galen_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o aristotle_n de_fw-fr gressu_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o therefore_o we_o have_v much_o more_o reason_n to_o think_v that_o this_o suppose_a noble_a spirit_n the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n act_v not_o at_o random_n or_o convulsive_o or_o irregular_o but_o according_a to_o the_o best_a rule_n and_o mechanical_a method_n applicable_a to_o such_o motion_n as_o it_o do_v occasional_o exert_v so_o that_o if_o we_o shall_v never_o so_o much_o allow_v of_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n and_o its_o interposition_n yet_o still_o the_o necessary_a instrument_n mode_n and_o method_n of_o its_o motion_n according_a to_o mechanical_a rule_n must_v still_o be_v seek_v after_o for_o it_o will_v be_v a_o pitiful_a refuge_n for_o a_o man_n pretend_v to_o philosophy_n to_o give_v this_o general_a solution_n to_o all_o phaenomena_n of_o nature_n that_o this_o be_v so_o because_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n thus_o order_v it_o without_o give_v some_o probable_a account_n of_o the_o particular_a mean_n or_o method_n by_o which_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n effect_n it_o and_o likewise_o of_o the_o end_n use_v and_o design_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n in_o what_o it_o thus_o effect_n chap._n iu._n touch_v rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n and_o their_o kind_n because_o much_o have_v be_v say_v by_o other_o touch_v rarity_n and_o density_n of_o physical_a body_n which_o i_o call_v affection_n passion_n or_o quality_n of_o physical_a body_n and_o it_o may_v be_v conducible_a to_o the_o solution_n of_o many_o physical_a phaenomena_n and_o to_o the_o clear_n of_o my_o apprehension_n concern_v it_o and_o to_o the_o answer_v of_o most_o of_o the_o objection_n of_o any_o weight_n make_v against_o the_o supposition_n which_o i_o have_v state_v in_o the_o two_o pamphlet_n above_o mention_v i_o will_v endeavour_v to_o give_v that_o account_n concern_v this_o matter_n that_o
from_o the_o base_a to_o the_o superficies_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o remark_n be_v principal_o level_v against_o continuity_n of_o water_n the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v here_o affirm_v to_o be_v prove_v in_o the_o former_a remark_n indeed_o i_o find_v this_o often_o say_v but_o without_o any_o proof_n that_o i_o can_v find_v and_o indeed_o it_o require_v a_o very_a evident_a proof_n for_o its_o continuity_n be_v affirm_v by_o all_o other_o that_o i_o know_v of_o and_o be_v evident_a to_o some_o concern_v the_o motion_n and_o pressure_n of_o sand_n i_o have_v say_v enough_o only_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o animal_n be_v not_o damnify_v under_o a_o high_a heap_n of_o sand_n may_v have_v some_o such_o reason_n as_o the_o suspension_n of_o fluids_n i_o free_o agree_v herein_o for_o as_o i_o take_v it_o the_o animal_n be_v protect_v in_o both_o by_o the_o mechanism_n of_o the_o incumbent_a part_n but_o not_o by_o such_o hylarchical_a principle_n as_o the_o author_n suppose_v remark_n xxix_o xxx_o that_o the_o natural_a gravitation_n downward_o be_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o a_o occasional_a gravitation_n lateral_a yea_o and_o in_o some_o case_n vertical_a be_v most_o evident_a by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v upon_o the_o last_o remark_n and_o therefore_o those_o other_o actual_a gravitation_n be_v not_o bare_a imagination_n but_o may_v be_v as_o real_a effect_n in_o nature_n as_o when_o a_o bullet_n be_v shoot_v out_o of_o a_o gun_n in_o a_o horizontal_a line_n at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v a_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la horizontalem_fw-la &_o centralem_fw-la for_o otherwise_o the_o bullet_n can_v never_o sink_v from_o a_o straight_a line_n the_o former_a be_v conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la violentum_fw-la and_o the_o latter_a ad_fw-la motum_fw-la naturalem_fw-la but_o as_o to_o the_o distinction_n that_o i_o make_v between_o the_o fluid_a water_n in_o the_o bucket_n and_o the_o bucket_n contain_v a_o entire_a cylinder_n constitute_v both_o of_o the_o bucket_n and_o water_n in_o it_o and_o that_o the_o latter_a have_v one_o simple_a motion_n downward_o as_o a_o heavy_a body_n or_o as_o a_o keg_n of_o ice_n but_o the_o fluid_a water_n in_o the_o bucket_n have_v as_o a_o fluid_a body_n those_o various_a motion_n which_o in_o this_o chapter_n i_o assign_v unto_o it_o i_o must_v confess_v when_o i_o write_v it_o i_o think_v and_o still_o think_v it_o so_o plain_a and_o intelligible_a and_o evident_a that_o i_o wonder_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v understand_v or_o shall_v be_v think_v a_o repugnancy_n in_o nature_n the_o water_n in_o the_o bucket_n be_v perfect_o a_o fluid_a body_n and_o have_v its_o perpendicular_a motion_n downward_o which_o be_v simple_o natural_a to_o it_o as_o a_o heavy_a body_n and_o its_o lateral_a motion_n belong_v to_o it_o as_o a_o fluid_a body_n by_o which_o it_o will_v drive_v out_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bucket_n near_o the_o top_n especial_o be_v it_o not_o well_o fence_v and_o though_o by_o the_o strong_a guard_n of_o the_o bucket_n it_o be_v keep_v in_o that_o it_o can_v effect_v what_o it_o endeavour_n yet_o it_o have_v still_o its_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la lateralem_fw-la but_o that_o conatus_fw-la be_v still_o keep_v in_o by_o the_o strong_a side_n and_o bottom_n of_o the_o bucket_n but_o the_o bucket_n of_o water_n be_v now_o one_o entire_a aggregate_v body_n consist_v of_o wood_n form_v into_o a_o cylindraceous_a form_n and_o water_n contain_v within_o it_o and_o so_o press_v simple_o central_o as_o if_o the_o water_n be_v congeal_v into_o ice_n or_o as_o if_o water_n and_o earth_n be_v mingle_v together_o into_o one_o solid_a mass_n in_o which_o instance_n the_o bucket_n of_o water_n press_v not_o as_o a_o fluid_a body_n of_o water_n but_o as_o a_o common_a solid_a aggregate_v body_n and_o now_o if_o you_o ask_v but_o why_o do_v not_o the_o bucket_n of_o water_n press_v lateral_o as_o well_o as_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bucket_n the_o answer_n offer_v itself_o even_o before_o the_o question_n ask_v because_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bucket_n be_v solid_a and_o not_o fluid_a and_o can_v no_o more_o press_v lateral_o upon_o the_o circumjacent_a air_n than_o if_o they_o be_v empty_a of_o water_n the_o water_n within_o the_o bucket_n press_v upon_o the_o interior_a side_n and_o cavity_n of_o the_o bucket_n but_o be_v restrain_v from_o press_v far_o by_o the_o contignation_n of_o the_o bucket_n but_o the_o convexity_n of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bucket_n do_v not_o can_v press_v upon_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n and_o so_o the_o whole_a weight_n be_v discharge_v from_o it_o in_o a_o central_a direction_n as_o in_o truth_n it_o do_v always_o in_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o the_o consequence_n that_o will_v be_v draw_v from_o hence_o that_o then_o water_v congeal_v shall_v be_v heavy_a than_o the_o same_o water_n solute_a be_v the_o vain_a inference_n imaginable_a for_o the_o water_n as_o one_o common_a body_n have_v the_o same_o and_o possible_o a_o little_a more_o weight_n before_o its_o congeal_v than_o after_o and_o though_o its_o congeal_a hinder_v the_o various_a motion_n of_o it_o as_o a_o fluid_a body_n it_o do_v not_o increase_v nor_o considerable_o impair_v its_o weight_n upon_o the_o scale_n as_o a_o heavy_a body_n methinks_v the_o reason_v of_o the_o remarker_n in_o this_o case_n be_v just_a as_o if_o a_o ship_n be_v sail_v from_o north_n to_o south_n a_o man_n shall_v say_v it_o be_v unconceptible_a that_o a_o passenger_n shall_v walk_v upon_o the_o deck_n from_o south_n to_o north_n for_o than_o he_o shall_v be_v move_v with_o two_o contrary_a motion_n and_o of_o contrary_a termination_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o yet_o be_v apparent_o true_a that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o be_v move_v ad_fw-la motum_fw-la navis_fw-la from_o north_n to_o south_n and_o ad_fw-la motum_fw-la proprium_fw-la from_o south_n to_o north_n so_o the_o same_o vessel_n of_o water_n as_o it_o be_v one_o entire_a heavy_a bulk_n have_v simple_o its_o central_a termination_n yet_o the_o several_a include_v fluid_a part_n in_o their_o fluid_a consistence_n have_v and_o may_v have_v various_a termination_n as_o well_o lateral_a or_o incline_v as_o perpendicular_a or_o central_a but_o to_o put_v a_o period_n to_o this_o debate_n when_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o various_a motion_n of_o fluid_n as_o fluid_n i_o speak_v of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o that_o common_a body_n which_o be_v fluid_a and_o those_o be_v horizontal_a per_fw-la declive_a lateral_a and_o central_a but_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o its_o motion_n as_o one_o common_a body_n than_o it_o be_v true_a the_o motion_n be_v central_a which_o be_v its_o motion_n of_o natural_a gravitation_n upon_o the_o scale_n and_o therefore_o 12_o pound_n of_o water_n without_o relation_n to_o the_o vessel_n wherein_o it_o be_v will_v weigh_v still_o 12_o pound_n upon_o the_o scale_n and_o yet_o its_o part_n have_v those_o several_a motion_n before_o describe_v which_o abate_v not_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a mass_n but_o correct_v the_o particular_a pressure_n of_o it_o and_o the_o several_a part_n thereof_o while_o in_o fluore_n and_o by_o way_n of_o illustration_n of_o what_o i_o say_v take_v these_o few_o instance_n a_o barrel_n of_o new_a wine_n or_o beer_n suppose_v it_o weigh_v 100_o pound_n after_o a_o little_a time_n it_o will_v gain_v a_o motion_n of_o fermentation_n which_o by_o reason_n it_o proceed_v from_o heat_n be_v principal_o upward_a towards_o the_o superficies_n yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o motion_n the_o barrel_n of_o beer_n or_o wine_n will_v as_o a_o heavy_a body_n weigh_v as_o much_o as_o before_o the_o excitation_n of_o thaâ—_n motion_n unless_o some_o of_o the_o liquor_n bâ—_n spend_v at_o a_o vent_n or_o break_v the_o barrel_n in_o animal_n there_o be_v a_o great_a variety_n of_o the_o motion_n not_o only_o of_o the_o spirit_n but_o of_o the_o blood_n the_o chyle_n the_o lympha_fw-la and_o most_o considerable_o upward_a towards_o the_o head_n and_o superior_a part_n of_o the_o body_n whereupon_o it_o waâ—_n suppose_v by_o some_o learned_a man_n thaâ—_n the_o body_n of_o a_o dead_a animal_n that_o by_o such_o death_n have_v lose_v none_o of_o his_o blood_n shall_v weigh_v more_o than_o the_o same_o body_n live_v but_o upon_o strict_a trial_n it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o weight_n continue_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o scale_n so_o that_o the_o various_a motion_n of_o the_o blood_n humour_n chyle_n and_o lympha_fw-la which_o be_v of_o a_o different_a yea_o and_o in_o many_o respect_n of_o a_o contrary_a termination_n to_o that_o of_o natural_a gravity_n do_v not_o only_o consist_v with_o the_o proper_a motion_n of_o gravity_n of_o the_o whole_a mole_n corporea_fw-la but_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o abate_v it_o yet_o these_o particular_a partial_a motion_n of_o the_o
a_o explication_n as_o real_o and_o in_o truth_n consist_v not_o with_o it_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o this_o be_v therefore_o the_o state_n of_o the_o notion_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n in_o its_o true_a explication_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v what_o body_n or_o motion_n in_o body_n be_v such_o as_o be_v applicable_a to_o the_o argument_n in_o hand_n the_o special_a instance_n that_o i_o shall_v use_v be_v these_o 1._o the_o rarefaction_n or_o condensation_n of_o body_n by_o transmutation_n thus_o water_n by_o rarefaction_n be_v sometime_o change_v into_o air_n which_o have_v thereby_o a_o great_a extension_n than_o it_o have_v before_o by_o about_o 900_o time_n and_o air_n by_o condensation_n be_v change_v into_o water_n and_o thereby_o lose_v by_o contraction_n a_o like_a proportion_n of_o space_n than_o it_o have_v before_o thus_o aristotle_n in_o 4._o phys_n cap._n 9_o and_o the_o great_a verulam_n in_o historia_n densi_fw-la &_o rari_fw-la pag._n 88_o 2._o the_o rarefaction_n that_o be_v cause_v by_o external_a violence_n as_o in_o the_o air-pump_n in_o the_o cacabus_fw-la evacuatorius_fw-la and_o the_o magdeburg_n engine_n this_o be_v a_o rarefaction_n by_o tension_n whereby_o the_o air_n be_v dilate_v not_o only_o in_o its_o external_a bulk_n but_o in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o and_o in_o its_o internal_a as_o well_o as_o external_a part_n and_o dimension_n and_o thus_o mersennus_n and_o other_o tell_v we_o air_n may_v be_v dilate_v to_o near_o 70_o time_n its_o former_a and_o natural_a extent_n 3._o the_o condensation_n that_o be_v make_v by_o compression_n some_o there_o be_v that_o think_v water_n be_v thus_o contractible_a and_o condensible_a by_o compression_n the_o same_o verulam_n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la pag._n 99_o tell_v we_o that_o take_v a_o leaden_a hollow_a globe_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o water_n and_o then_o strong_o stop_v the_o orifice_n which_o take_v in_o the_o water_n and_o compress_v the_o globe_n in_o a_o strong_a presser_z whereby_o it_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o eight_o part_n of_o its_o former_a dimension_n the_o water_n will_v sustain_v that_o contraction_n but_o if_o it_o be_v press_v far_o the_o water_n will_v discharge_v itself_o through_o the_o globe_n ad_fw-la modum_fw-la parvi_fw-la imbris_fw-la it_o be_v not_o impossible_a but_o it_o may_v do_v so_o from_o its_o first_o compression_n though_o the_o stream_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o exility_n be_v imperceptible_a to_o the_o eye_n as_o the_o emanation_n of_o effluvia_fw-la through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n electrical_a efflux_n or_o the_o odour_n of_o herb_n for_o water_n though_o fluid_a seem_v very_o impatient_a of_o condensation_n by_o compression_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a if_o under_o a_o very_a strong_a pressure_n but_o to_o the_o very_a eye_n it_o appear_v capable_a of_o dilatation_n by_o tension_n in_o its_o discharge_n of_o itself_o by_o bubble_n upon_o a_o strong_a tension_n but_o howsoever_o it_o be_v with_o water_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o air_n be_v capable_a of_o condensation_n and_o contraction_n by_o compression_n this_o appear_v visible_o in_o the_o compression_n of_o the_o air_n by_o wind-gun_n and_o the_o careful_a injection_n of_o water_n by_o a_o well_o order_v syringe_n in_o a_o empty_a aeolipile_n so_o that_o air_n by_o these_o mean_n may_v be_v contract_v into_o a_o seven_o nay_o possible_o a_o seventi_v part_n of_o its_o natural_a space_n or_o dimension_n 4._o the_o rarefaction_n and_o consequential_a dilatation_n of_o body_n by_o heat_n or_o fire_n thus_o water_n itself_o be_v rarefy_v and_o extend_v into_o vapour_n by_o heat_n the_o lord_n verulam_n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la pag._n 28._o give_v we_o a_o notable_a instance_n by_o take_v a_o vial-glass_n hold_v a_o ounce_n fill_v it_o half_o full_a of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n then_o take_v a_o empty_a bladder_n that_o hold_v about_o 8_o pint_n and_o tie_v it_o about_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vial_n strict_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n heat_v upon_o the_o coal_n the_o aura_n spiritus_fw-la vini_n fill_v the_o bladder_n and_o yet_o only_o six_o penny_n weight_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n spend_v which_o do_v not_o amount_v to_o the_o 40th_o part_n of_o a_o pint_n yet_o fill_v the_o bladder_n of_o 8_o pint_n with_o its_o rarefy_v air._n and_o although_o this_o instance_n be_v in_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v full_a of_o subtle_a matter_n than_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o water_n yet_o it_o will_v hold_v its_o proportion_n with_o the_o fume_n or_o vapour_n of_o water_n and_o of_o the_o like_a kind_n be_v the_o rarefaction_n by_o ignition_n in_o the_o gunpowder_n where_o a_o grain_n of_o gunpowder_n fire_v will_v expand_v above_o a_o thousand_o time_n its_o former_a dimension_n and_o more_o but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o obvious_a to_o sense_n and_o most_o apposite_a to_o my_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o will_v be_v the_o subject_a of_o most_o of_o my_o ensue_a application_n be_v the_o rarefaction_n of_o air_n by_o heat_n whereby_o it_o may_v gain_v a_o expansion_n of_o above_o 70_o time_n its_o natural_a size_n and_o dimension_n as_o be_v easy_o find_v by_o the_o strong_a heat_n of_o a_o strong_a brass_n concave_a globe_n which_o if_o the_o include_v air_n have_v no_o vent_n will_v break_v it_o and_o if_o it_o have_v a_o vent_n and_o after_o it_o be_v strong_o heat_v cast_v into_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n it_o will_v soon_o discover_v the_o proportion_n of_o its_o dilatation_n by_o the_o contraction_n that_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o cold_a water_n and_o by_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n it_o suck_v in_o upon_o that_o contraction_n 5._o the_o condensation_n and_o consequential_a contraction_n that_o the_o air_n receive_v by_o the_o constipation_n of_o it_o by_o cold_a especial_o after_o a_o strong_a dilatation_n but_o although_o there_o be_v no_o such_o precede_a dilatation_n or_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n by_o heat_n yet_o it_o be_v visible_a in_o weather-glass_n and_o other_o engine_n of_o that_o nature_n that_o the_o air_n be_v contract_v in_o its_o dimension_n by_o the_o ambient_fw-la cold_a from_o what_o it_o usual_o have_v at_o other_o time_n chap._n v._o concern_v the_o phaenomena_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n apparent_a to_o sense_n to_o pursue_v all_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o condensation_n and_o rarefaction_n in_o its_o full_a latitude_n be_v too_o long_o a_o business_n and_o not_o so_o much_o conducible_a to_o my_o purpose_n i_o shall_v therefore_o take_v up_o those_o phaenomena_n that_o be_v apparent_o evident_a to_o sense_n in_o the_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n of_o air_n for_o the_o due_a discussion_n of_o that_o single_a subject_n will_v give_v a_o estimate_n and_o explication_n of_o other_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n 1._o it_o be_v evident_a to_o our_o very_a sense_n that_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o air_n suppose_v a_o cubique_a foot_n in_o a_o vessel_n be_v ratify_v by_o heat_n will_v take_v up_o a_o far_o great_a space_n than_o it_o do_v before_o such_o application_n and_o the_o like_a will_v be_v when_o it_o be_v do_v by_o tension_n as_o in_o the_o air-pump_n and_o the_o magdeburg-engin_n for_o when_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v drive_v out_o by_o heat_n in_o the_o one_o instance_n and_o draw_v out_o by_o traction_n in_o the_o other_o yet_o it_o be_v evident_a to_o sense_n that_o the_o receiver_n or_o other_o vessel_n remain_v full_a of_o a_o very_a rare_a and_o extend_a air_n for_o sensible_o no_o other_o substance_n supply_v it_o 2._o it_o be_v evident_a to_o sense_n that_o this_o distension_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o only_o in_o the_o extima_fw-la superficies_n but_o in_o all_o the_o very_a internal_a part_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v apparent_a to_o our_o sense_n that_o it_o have_v a_o visible_a effect_n as_o well_o upon_o the_o bird_n water_n or_o other_o body_n place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n as_o in_o those_o that_o be_v conterminous_a to_o the_o side_n of_o it_o as_o appear_v in_o those_o many_o instance_n give_v by_o mr._n b._n especial_o in_o 21_o 22_o etc._n etc._n experiment_n and_o unless_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v extend_v every_o where_o and_o every_o way_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o little_a portion_n of_o air_n include_v in_o a_o bladder_n shall_v increase_v its_o bulk_n by_o heat_n to_o ten_o time_n its_o extension_n as_o it_o will_v do_v and_o be_v apparent_a to_o our_o sight_n by_o the_o ample_a distension_n of_o the_o bladder_n 3._o it_o be_v apparent_a to_o our_o sense_n that_o if_o the_o air_n be_v rarify_v by_o heat_n in_o any_o close_a vessel_n as_o the_o heat_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o rarefaction_n decay_n so_o the_o air_n endeavour_v its_o contraction_n to_o gain_v its_o primitive_a size_n which_o it_o then_o attain_v when_o the_o heat_n be_v
and_o mix_v itself_o with_o the_o include_v rarefy_v air_n as_o well_o as_o if_o a_o little_a air_n be_v let_v into_o it_o through_o a_o pin-hole_n 4._o in_o the_o instance_n last_o give_v and_o many_o other_o of_o like_a nature_n that_o may_v be_v give_v where_o the_o filament_n of_o the_o air_n in_o their_o relaxation_n from_o heat_n have_v a_o motion_n of_o contraction_n in_o themselves_o per_fw-la viam_fw-la restitutionis_fw-la and_o a_o consequential_a attraction_n on_o the_o vessel_n include_v they_o per_fw-la modum_fw-la nexus_fw-la it_o be_v impossible_a this_o can_v be_v salve_v by_o the_o supposition_n of_o the_o cartesian_o and_o lucretians_n which_o suppose_v the_o air_n to_o consist_v of_o minute_n particle_n only_o join_v together_o by_o contiguity_n for_o where_o there_o be_v only_a contiguity_n without_o continuity_n of_o part_n that_o body_n can_v never_o draw_v another_o body_n per_fw-la modum_fw-la tractionis_fw-la it_o will_v be_v real_o less_o tenacious_a than_o a_o rope_n of_o sand_n so_o that_o such_o a_o intromission_n of_o particle_n thus_o solute_a as_o they_o state_n most_o body_n to_o be_v by_o a_o bare_a contiguity_n of_o atom_n can_v never_o explicate_v this_o visible_a phaenomenon_n that_o ensue_v upon_o tension_n of_o the_o air_n or_o after_o the_o avolation_n or_o extinguishment_n of_o heat_n that_o first_o expanded_a it_o 5._o and_o as_o this_o supposition_n by_o no_o mean_n salve_n the_o phaenomena_n of_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o air_n and_o what_o ensue_v thereupon_o so_o it_o as_o little_a salve_n that_o of_o condensation_n or_o constipation_n of_o air_n by_o compression_n as_o we_o see_v in_o wind-gun_n and_o other_o engine_n which_o upon_o a_o discharge_v or_o a_o motion_n of_o that_o compression_n do_v with_o a_o force_n explode_v or_o discharge_v themselves_o and_o press_v very_o hard_o upon_o body_n that_o be_v in_o their_o way_n so_o that_o a_o windgun_n will_v drive_v a_o bullet_n through_o a_o pretty_a thick_a piece_n of_o wood_n which_o can_v never_o be_v if_o this_o solution_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n be_v true_a 1._o if_o the_o air_n itself_o and_o also_o this_o subsidiary_n materia_fw-la subtilissima_fw-la be_v but_o a_o collection_n of_o minute_n body_n join_v only_o in_o contiguity_n one_o to_o another_o all_o the_o compression_n in_o the_o world_n will_v give_v it_o no_o more_o elasticity_n or_o that_o explosive_a motion_n than_o if_o a_o portion_n of_o calice-sand_n be_v force_v into_o a_o gun_n or_o other_o vessel_n with_o all_o the_o compression_n imaginable_a 2._o but_o again_o in_o that_o elastical_a explosion_n by_o the_o air_n compress_v into_o a_o narrow_a room_n what_o be_v it_o that_o actual_o exercise_v that_o explosive_a elasticity_n be_v it_o the_o subtle_a matter_n that_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o include_v compress_v air_n sure_o no_o for_o according_a to_o this_o supposition_n that_o be_v squeeze_v out_o and_o permeate_v through_o the_o barrel_n or_o trunk_n of_o the_o windgun_n or_o be_v it_o the_o grosser_n particle_n of_o the_o air_n that_o be_v yet_o leave_v in_o the_o gun_n and_o can_v get_v out_o till_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la be_v remove_v but_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o that_o to_o have_v any_o elasticity_n for_o by_o the_o avolation_n of_o the_o subtle_a matter_n there_o be_v room_n enough_o leave_v for_o it_o and_o under_o that_o narrow_a dimension_n that_o now_o it_o have_v yet_o have_v it_o as_o much_o room_n as_o before_o for_o the_o avolation_n of_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la have_v make_v a_o perfect_a room_n for_o it_o and_o leave_v it_o a_o space_n exact_o commensurate_a to_o its_o corporeal_a mole_n but_o it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la that_o be_v drive_v out_o by_o the_o compression_n now_o upon_o the_o aperture_n of_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la pervade_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o gun_n with_o that_o force_n that_o it_o give_v the_o explosion_n but_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o neither_o this_o can_v help_v it_o for_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o subtle_a matter_n into_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o windgun_n upon_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la must_v needs_o run_v counter_a to_o the_o explosion_n of_o the_o air_n and_o obstruct_v it_o again_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o subtle_a matter_n be_v drive_v out_o gradual_o and_o with_o iterate_a force_n and_o it_o can_v pervade_v the_o iron_n side_n of_o the_o gun_n but_o gradual_o and_o with_o great_a strain_n and_o to_o imagine_v that_o in_o a_o moment_n the_o moment_n of_o a_o motion_n of_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la the_o whole_a body_n of_o that_o remove_a matter_n shall_v pervade_v the_o strong_a and_o close_a metal_n in_o a_o instant_n to_o give_v that_o strong_a and_o forcible_a explosion_n exceed_v all_o reason_n sense_n and_o credibility_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v but_o necessary_a for_o those_o that_o will_v maintain_v this_o assertion_n to_o substitute_v a_o spirit_n of_o nature_n or_o a_o hylarchical_a principle_n which_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n in_o their_o due_a natural_a state_n and_o position_n shall_v act_v little_a less_o than_o miraculous_o to_o supply_v all_o these_o difficulty_n which_o yet_o notwithstanding_o must_v be_v suppose_v according_a to_o this_o supposition_n to_o act_v in_o contradiction_n to_o itself_o and_o nature_n also_o for_o when_o in_o rarefaction_n of_o body_n this_o spiritus_fw-la naturae_fw-la send_v supply_n of_o subtle_a matter_n to_o fill_v the_o interstitia_fw-la it_o must_v necessary_o rob_v other_o part_n of_o the_o air_n of_o some_o of_o that_o subtle_a matter_n that_o proper_o belong_v to_o its_o texture_n and_o natural_a constitution_n and_o so_o when_o one_o portion_n of_o matter_n be_v gratify_v another_o be_v impoverish_v of_o what_o belong_v to_o it_o which_o seem_v whole_o unsuitable_a to_o the_o office_n which_o this_o vicarious_a spirit_n of_o nature_n according_a to_o this_o new_a supposition_n be_v substitute_v to_o exercise_v chap._n ix_o touch_v the_o three_o supposition_n of_o the_o method_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a philosophy_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o true_a have_v examine_v the_o two_o former_a supposition_n and_o as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v discover_v their_o insufficiency_n i_o now_o come_v to_o the_o three_o which_o i_o think_v to_o be_v true_a viz._n as_o to_o that_o kind_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n which_o before_o in_o the_o 4_o the_o chapter_n be_v state_v to_o be_v the_o true_a matter_n of_o the_o question_n for_o in_o rarefaction_n of_o a_o body_n suppose_v air_n either_o by_o heat_n or_o tension_n there_o be_v a_o real_a expansion_n or_o dilatation_n of_o the_o same_o mole_n of_o matter_n of_o the_o air_n and_o all_o its_o part_n to_o a_o large_a space_n extent_n or_o dimension_n than_o it_o have_v before_o and_o in_o condensation_n by_o cold_a but_o more_o evident_o by_o compression_n the_o same_o mole_n of_o matter_n and_o all_o its_o part_n have_v a_o narrow_a or_o less_o space_n or_o expansion_n than_o before_o i_o suppose_v therefore_o that_o although_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n of_o any_o body_n from_o its_o natural_a size_n and_o dimension_n belong_v to_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n if_o not_o always_o by_o the_o agency_n or_o efficiency_n of_o some_o external_a cause_n yet_o under_o such_o circumstance_n rarity_n and_o density_n be_v but_o natural_a affection_n or_o rather_o passion_n quality_n or_o modes_n of_o such_o body_n arise_v from_o their_o very_a texture_n and_o make_v and_o be_v as_o natural_o belong_v to_o they_o as_o heat_n or_o cold_a humidity_n or_o dryness_n smoothness_n or_o roughness_n or_o other_o tangible_a quality_n to_o other_o body_n that_o be_v more_o gross_a and_o corporeal_a 2._o i_o do_v suppose_v that_o whatever_o man_n have_v talk_v or_o write_v concern_v spatia_fw-la imaginaria_fw-la without_o relation_n to_o any_o body_n to_o fill_v it_o yet_o as_o time_n or_o successive_a duration_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o attendant_n upon_o successive_a motion_n so_o space_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o entity_n relative_a to_o body_n and_o dependent_a upon_o they_o 3._o to_o make_v way_n to_o what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v herein_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o no_o kind_n of_o repugnancy_n in_o nature_n but_o altogether_o consonant_a thereunto_o and_o that_o it_o be_v equal_o possible_a and_o reasonable_a that_o a_o body_n that_o be_v much_o more_o rare_a than_o another_o and_o have_v in_o it_o less_o of_o solid_a corporeity_n and_o consequent_o of_o weight_n than_o another_o yet_o may_v as_o entire_o fill_v the_o whole_a space_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o its_o external_a superficies_n as_o a_o body_n of_o a_o denser_n consistence_n so_o that_o although_o gold_n be_v 18000_o time_n bulk_n for_o bulk_n heavy_a than_o air_n and_o near_o 20_o time_n heavy_a than_o water_n and_o although_o water_n be_v near_o 14_o time_n light_a than_o mercury_n
there_o be_v the_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n will_v receive_v a_o great_a tension_n than_o from_o 5_o to_o 7_o when_o the_o air_n in_o the_o pump_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v tend_v from_o 1_o to_o 5_o which_o be_v ever_o proportionate_a to_o the_o tension_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n but_o sure_o this_o be_v a_o objection_n of_o no_o force_n for_o apparent_a reason_n though_o the_o expansion_n of_o 5_o to_o 7_o be_v not_o in_o proportion_n the_o same_o with_o the_o expansion_n from_o 1_o to_o 5_o yet_o such_o a_o proportion_n need_v not_o nor_o indeed_o be_v possible_a in_o this_o case_n for_o as_o the_o body_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n be_v above_o 20_o time_n the_o quantity_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o pump_n so_o such_o a_o expansion_n serve_v its_o turn_n as_o may_v make_v good_a the_o space_n that_o be_v leave_v by_o the_o evacuated_a water_n which_o be_v no_o more_o but_o one_o quart_n the_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n can_v receive_v no_o great_a amplitude_n of_o expansion_n than_o one_o quart_n of_o space_n more_o than_o it_o have_v before_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o air_n not_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o bare_a proportion_n which_o happen_v in_o another_o distinct_a portion_n of_o air_n and_o that_o of_o a_o less_o dimension_n but_o by_o the_o room_n or_o space_n that_o be_v leave_v by_o its_o next_o contiguous_a body_n that_o must_v be_v supply_v by_o its_o expansion_n in_o the_o 45th_o remark_n that_o which_o be_v before_o want_v seem_v now_o to_o be_v supply_v viz._n the_o method_n which_o the_o hylostatical_a spirit_n use_v in_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o this_o and_o in_o other_o pump_n viz._n by_o a_o circular_a pressure_n and_o gravitation_n of_o the_o air_n and_o water_n incumbent_a upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pump_n be_v on_o which_o joint_o gravitates_fw-la upward_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o subtle_a element_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o bare_a subtle_a matter_n in_o the_o pump_n which_o gravitation_n and_o circulation_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o the_o hylostatical_a principle_n that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o misplace_n of_o the_o element_n of_o the_o universe_n whereof_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la be_v one_o this_o be_v the_o solution_n in_o substance_n and_o very_o near_o the_o word_n of_o the_o learned_a author_n this_o solution_n in_o my_o understanding_n be_v not_o only_o wonderful_a inevident_a but_o also_o very_o improper_a 1._o here_o be_v grant_v a_o occasional_a elasticity_n of_o the_o air_n and_o of_o the_o water_n also_o though_o suppose_v to_o be_v effect_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n or_o principium_fw-la hylarchicum_n which_o elasticity_n i_o have_v think_v the_o author_n will_v not_o have_v grant_v to_o air_n much_o less_o to_o water_n 2._o but_o the_o supposition_n of_o this_o circulation_n encounter_v itself_o for_o either_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la which_o be_v suppose_v subtle_a enough_o to_o pervade_v the_o glass_n though_o the_o crasser_n part_n of_o the_o air_n can_v be_v either_o a_o distinct_a element_n of_o itself_o not_o incorporate_v with_o the_o air_n but_o of_o a_o distinct_a consistence_n or_o else_o be_v part_n of_o the_o airy_a concretion_n of_o the_o air_n the_o subtle_a part_n thereof_o and_o mingle_v with_o the_o air_n as_o one_o constituent_a part_n thereof_o though_o in_o some_o case_n severable_a from_o it_o which_o way_n soever_o we_o take_v it_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o author_n supposition_n be_v unanswerable_a it_o be_v plain_a the_o air_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o a_o quart_n of_o water_n take_v up_o a_o quart_n more_o of_o room_n or_o space_n than_o it_o have_v before_o if_o this_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o perforation_n of_o the_o glass_n by_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la as_o a_o distinct_a element_n and_o so_o unite_n itself_o to_o the_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n than_o this_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la which_o in_o respect_n of_o its_o purity_n must_v needs_o have_v its_o proper_a place_n rather_o above_o the_o place_n of_o the_o air_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o not_o below_o it_o be_v call_v down_o by_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n from_o its_o proper_a position_n into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o so_o the_o natural_a order_n position_n and_o taxis_fw-la of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n disorder_v and_o discompose_v again_o if_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la be_v but_o a_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o air_n then_o be_v the_o fas_fw-la ter_z external_a air_n rob_v of_o part_n of_o its_o constitution_n and_o impoverish_v of_o what_o natural_o belong_v to_o it_o to_o supply_v the_o space_n in_o the_o glass_n derelict_v by_o the_o exhaust_a water_n and_o that_o portion_n of_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n furnish_v with_o a_o great_a portion_n of_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la then_o belong_v to_o it_o and_o all_o this_o do_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o active_a plastic_a principle_n to_o conserve_v the_o order_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o not_o to_o disorder_v it_o which_o according_a to_o the_o learned_a author_n supposition_n must_v yet_o be_v the_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o this_o imaginary_a transposition_n of_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la in_o this_o circulation_n 3._o again_o in_o this_o circulation_n and_o circular_a pressure_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o chain_n break_v and_o the_o circulation_n interrupt_v or_o a_o worse_a inconvenience_n the_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n move_v upon_o the_o water_n and_o that_o again_o press_v upward_o and_o move_v upon_o the_o subtilise_v air_n in_o the_o pump_n and_o then_o it_o be_v throw_v out_o in_o the_o open_a external_a air_n and_o so_o move_v upon_o that_o it_o remain_v therefore_o for_o the_o complete_n of_o the_o circle_n that_o now_o at_o last_o by_o their_o interposition_n of_o the_o hylostatical_a principle_n the_o external_a air_n must_v circulate_v by_o a_o pressure_n upon_o the_o air_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o so_o the_o dance_n be_v finish_v but_o 1._o we_o must_v note_v that_o even_o the_o author_n himself_o agree_v that_o the_o grosser_n part_n of_o the_o air_n can_v pervade_v the_o glass_n but_o it_o must_v be_v the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la i_o demand_v therefore_o whether_o this_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la pervade_v the_o glass_n and_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o air_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o glass_n or_o not_o if_o it_o do_v not_o sure_o the_o circle_n be_v break_v and_o with_o it_o the_o circular_a pressure_n or_o gravitation_n if_o it_o do_v pervade_v the_o glass_n and_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bottle_n these_o insuperable_a difficulty_n ensue_v 1._o the_o hylostatical_a spirit_n who_o office_n it_o seem_v be_v to_o keep_v the_o universe_n in_o its_o due_a libration_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o air_n itself_o in_o its_o just_a size_n and_o consistency_n of_o gross_a and_o subtle_a matter_n as_o be_v above_o observe_v break_v that_o order_n that_o it_o be_v place_v there_o to_o conserve_v for_o it_o take_v too_o great_a a_o proportion_n of_o subtle_a matter_n from_o the_o common_a external_a air_n which_o be_v due_a to_o it_o and_o crowd_n it_o into_o the_o air_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o glass_n which_o have_v already_o more_o or_o at_o least_o as_o much_o as_o belong_v to_o it_o 2._o it_o will_v follow_v that_o by_o such_o a_o current_n of_o subtle_a matter_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n that_o the_o water_n shall_v rise_v into_o the_o pump_n even_o to_o the_o last_o drop_n for_o here_o be_v a_o perpetual_a spring_n and_o supply_v of_o subtle_a matter_n strain_v every_o where_o through_o the_o glass_n into_o the_o air_n or_o airy_a space_n that_o be_v in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o no_o fear_n of_o any_o vacuum_n to_o ensue_v by_o the_o pass_v away_o of_o the_o water_n so_o that_o it_o may_v to_o use_v the_o author_n word_n as_o glib_o pass_v to_o the_o last_o drop_n as_o at_o the_o first_o which_o be_v evident_o contrary_a to_o experience_n this_o circular_a gravitation_n therefore_o be_v but_o a_o supplemental_a invention_n to_o help_v the_o flaw_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o hylarchical_a principle_n as_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n remark_n xlvii_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v say_v any_o thing_n upon_o this_o remark_n for_o herein_o we_o be_v very_o much_o agree_v and_o he_o use_v i_o and_o my_o book_n with_o much_o civility_n and_o be_v please_v to_o contribute_v his_o own_o learned_a observation_n in_o favour_n of_o it_o the_o conclusion_n i_o shall_v not_o spend_v many_o word_n touch_v the_o conclusion_n
create_v being_n that_o by_o the_o powerful_a and_o sovereign_a institution_n of_o almighty_a god_n have_v a_o immediate_a principle_n of_o motion_n in_o and_o from_o themselves_o be_v beyond_o dispute_n a_o brute_n beast_n possible_o may_v be_v put_v immediate_o into_o motion_n by_o his_o appetite_n and_o that_o appetite_n excite_v by_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o object_n and_o here_o the_o object_n have_v as_o i_o may_v call_v it_o a_o moral_a principle_n of_o motion_n exciting_a the_o appetite_n move_v the_o brute_n to_o a_o near_a approach_n to_o the_o object_n but_o then_o in_o the_o gressus_fw-la brutalis_fw-la it_o be_v somewhat_o within_o he_o that_o give_v the_o local_a motion_n itself_o namely_o the_o brutalis_fw-la anima_fw-la and_o the_o same_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o motion_n of_o augmentation_n and_o conformation_n of_o vegetable_n the_o motion_n of_o ascent_n and_o calefaction_n in_o fire_n the_o motion_n of_o attraction_n and_o aversation_n in_o magnetical_a body_n and_o the_o very_a motion_n of_o descent_n in_o heavy_a body_n and_o infinite_a more_o instance_n of_o physical_a body_n which_o have_v a_o intrinsic_a principle_n of_o exciting_a and_o communicate_v motion_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o their_o inexistence_n and_o to_o other_o thing_n now_o touch_v this_o internal_a immediate_a principle_n of_o motion_n be_v this_o enquiry_n upon_o which_o i_o be_o chap._n ii_o a_o far_a disquisition_n touch_v the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o motion_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n i_o have_v suppose_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n that_o have_v a_o active_a self-moving_a principle_n lodge_v within_o they_o 2._o that_o matter_n simple_o consider_v be_v not_o that_o immediate_a self-moving_a principle_n it_o remain_v therefore_o to_o be_v inquire_v what_o that_o principle_n be_v the_o ancient_a bi-partition_n of_o create_a being_n be_v into_o substance_n and_o accident_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v too_o narrow_a i_o be_o still_o speak_v of_o create_a material_a existence_n and_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v ashamed_a to_o own_o helmont_n for_o my_o instructor_n herein_o because_o he_o speak_v with_o great_a evidence_n of_o reason_n there_o seem_v therefore_o to_o be_v a_o three_o kind_n of_o existence_n or_o entity_n participate_v in_o some_o respect_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o both_o and_o yet_o differ_v in_o other_o respect_n from_o both_o for_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o entity_n among_o create_a being_n belong_v to_o matter_n far_o more_o noble_a than_o either_o of_o the_o two_o former_a and_o be_v that_o which_o give_v life_n vigour_n activity_n and_o motion_n immediate_o next_o under_o the_o lord_n of_o nature_n to_o every_o self-moving_a be_v and_o this_o entity_n i_o call_v vis_fw-fr or_o virtus_fw-la activa_fw-la superad_v to_o matter_n and_o give_v immediate_o those_o motion_n to_o it_o that_o be_v specifical_o appropriate_a to_o that_o vis_fw-fr or_o virtus_fw-la activa_fw-la and_o without_o which_o matter_n will_v be_v stupid_a dull_a unactive_a and_o always_o at_o rest_n in_o itself_o unless_o accidental_o move_v ab_fw-la extrinseco_fw-la and_o although_o those_o vires_fw-la or_o virtutes_fw-la activae_fw-la the_o immediate_a principle_n of_o motion_n in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v automata_n be_v various_a and_o infinite_o diversify_v yet_o i_o shall_v instance_n but_o in_o few_o which_o nevertheless_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o render_v myself_o intelligible_a in_o what_o i_o say_v and_o those_o be_v principal_o of_o two_o sort_n the_o first_o of_o those_o the_o noble_a below_o the_o humane_a soul_n be_v those_o vires_fw-la or_o virtutes_fw-la essentiales_fw-la that_o be_v the_o principal_a constituent_n of_o vital_a or_o substantial_a form_n the_o second_o be_v those_o which_o be_v usual_o call_v active_a quality_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o low_a nature_n and_o allay_v than_o the_o former_a under_o the_o first_o of_o these_o rank_n there_o be_v different_a class_n not_o only_o gradual_o but_o essential_o more_o or_o less_o perfect_a than_o other_o viz._n first_o the_o vis_fw-fr sentiens_fw-la &_o animalis_fw-la of_o animal_n 2._o the_o vis_fw-fr vegetans_fw-la &_o vitalis_fw-la of_o vegetable_n and_o possible_o of_o many_o mineral_n 3._o the_o vis_fw-fr combustiva_fw-la &_o calefactiva_fw-la of_o fire_n 4._o the_o vis_fw-fr attractiva_fw-la directiva_fw-la &_o communicativa_fw-la of_o magnetical_a body_n these_o virtutes_fw-la or_o vires_fw-la essentiales_fw-la even_o of_o the_o noble_a sort_n i_o mean_v below_o the_o humane_a nature_n have_v this_o pre-eminence_n above_o the_o matter_n or_o substance_n whereunto_o they_o be_v unite_v that_o they_o be_v the_o immediate_a vital_a movent_fw-la principle_n that_o give_v a_o kind_n of_o life_n or_o motion_n to_o the_o subject_a wherein_o they_o exist_v which_o will_v otherwise_o be_v destitute_a of_o life_n or_o motion_n from_o itself_o whether_o these_o vires_fw-la or_o virtutes_fw-la essentiales_fw-la be_v in_o themselves_o defectible_a or_o not_o may_v be_v question_v some_o have_v think_v that_o they_o have_v certain_a termini_fw-la temporales_fw-la of_o their_o existence_n and_o operation_n in_o themselves_o simple_o and_o abstractive_o consider_v and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n languish_v and_o final_o expire_v and_o cease_v as_o the_o energy_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o a_o watch_n in_o its_o evolution_n grow_v languid_a and_o at_o last_o utter_o cease_v from_o any_o far_a evolution_n or_o motion_n other_o have_v think_v and_o with_o great_a evidence_n of_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o decay_n or_o natural_a termination_n of_o the_o vis_fw-fr or_o energia_fw-la essentialis_fw-la itself_o but_o only_o by_o the_o decay_n or_o defectibility_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o material_a hypostasis_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v unite_v or_o of_o the_o organ_n which_o it_o use_v in_o its_o operation_n which_o be_v compound_v body_n be_v subject_a to_o decay_v and_o dissolution_n and_o therefore_o the_o philosopher_n tell_v we_o that_o if_o a_o old_a man_n have_v a_o young_a man_n eye_n he_o will_v see_v as_o well_o as_o in_o his_o youth_n for_o the_o decay_n be_v not_o in_o the_o visive_n faculty_n or_o vis_fw-fr or_o virtus_fw-la essentialis_fw-la sentiens_fw-la but_o in_o the_o organ_n or_o subject_a or_o substratum_fw-la of_o its_o operation_n or_o inexistence_n but_o in_o some_o respect_n it_o be_v inferior_a to_o matter_n and_o seem_v to_o participate_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o accident_n as_o for_o instance_n it_o necessary_o according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o nature_n require_v a_o material_a hypostasis_fw-la or_o subject_a in_o which_o it_o may_v inexi_v and_o to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v unite_v thus_o the_o vis_fw-fr sentiens_fw-la &_o animalis_fw-la be_v immediate_o unite_v to_o the_o animal_n spirit_n or_o the_o most_o refine_a part_n of_o the_o animal_n nature_n the_o vis_fw-fr vegetans_fw-la vitalis_n of_o vegetable_n be_v immediate_o unite_v to_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o succus_fw-la vitalis_n of_o vegetable_n as_o to_o fire_n whether_o the_o vis_fw-fr ignea_fw-la have_v a_o proper_a hypostasis_fw-la of_o its_o own_o to_o which_o it_o be_v unite_v as_o the_o vis_fw-fr sentiens_fw-la have_v or_o whether_o it_o have_v no_o other_o substratum_fw-la but_o the_o body_n in_o which_o it_o be_v as_o the_o coal_n or_o iron_n or_o as_o the_o common_a body_n of_o the_o air_n itself_o through_o which_o it_o be_v universal_o diffuse_v may_v i_o confess_v be_v questionable_a yet_o certain_o it_o have_v some_o hypostasis_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v unite_v and_o primitive_o inexi_v and_o without_o which_o it_o seem_v it_o can_v be_v 2._o whereas_o no_o portion_n of_o matter_n be_v lose_v in_o nature_n or_o annihilable_a but_o by_o omnipotence_n those_o vires_fw-la essentiales_fw-la be_v in_o their_o individual_n extinguish_v and_o lose_v and_o no_o where_o in_o nature_n upon_o the_o destruction_n dissipation_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o necessary_a hypostasis_fw-la or_o subject_a of_o their_o inexistence_n when_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v whole_o dissipate_v or_o dissolve_v the_o vis_fw-fr sentiens_fw-la of_o that_o animal_n be_v lose_v and_o no_o where_o when_o water_n be_v throw_v upon_o the_o coal_n of_o fire_n the_o vis_fw-fr ignea_fw-la that_fw-mi be_v in_o it_o be_v extinct_a and_o nullibi_fw-la and_o as_o it_o seem_v do_v not_o facessere_fw-la in_o elementum_fw-la common_a ignis_fw-la at_o least_o if_o it_o have_v not_o a_o special_a hypostasis_fw-la of_o its_o own_o to_o which_o it_o be_v unite_v and_o when_o the_o magnet_n be_v burn_v in_o the_o fire_n the_o vis_fw-fr magnetica_fw-la in_o it_o be_v extinct_a and_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v say_v of_o that_o other_o more_o ignoble_a principle_n of_o motion_n hereafter_o mention_v viz._n active_a quality_n and_o this_o as_o i_o think_v give_v we_o a_o true_a notion_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o brute_n the_o form_n of_o vegetable_n of_o fire_n and_o other_o substantial_a form_n below_o the_o humane_a soul_n if_o any_o shall_v ask_v i_o what_o i_o take_v the_o soul_n of_o a_o
but_o take_v notice_n of_o two_o extreme_n in_o the_o modern_a philosophy_n some_o be_v so_o whole_o intent_n upon_o vital_a and_o plastic_a principle_n that_o they_o contend_v even_o almost_o against_o all_o mechanical_a motion_n of_o body_n which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n hereafter_o to_o meet_v with_o again_o other_o be_v so_o great_o take_v up_o with_o the_o thought_n of_o matter_n and_o mechanical_a motion_n that_o they_o whole_o exterminate_v any_o intrinsic_a principle_n of_o motion_n and_o resolve_v they_o whole_o into_o matter_n and_o its_o modification_n and_o mechanism_n and_o mechanical_a motion_n and_o therefore_o 1._o they_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o i_o call_v active_a form_n at_o least_o except_v the_o humane_a soul_n though_o some_o venture_v hard_a at_o that_o also_o but_o that_o all_o active_a form_n and_o their_o original_n be_v only_o various_a modification_n of_o matter_n as_o size_n figure_n position_n texture_n etc._n etc._n this_o i_o think_v be_v impossible_a to_o be_v true_a for_o though_o the_o modification_n of_o matter_n may_v give_v variety_n of_o accidental_a or_o external_a form_n natural_o arise_v from_o the_o texture_n of_o matter_n as_o figure_n colour_n etc._n etc._n and_o those_o various_a modification_n may_v in_o relation_n not_o only_o to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sentient_a faculty_n but_o to_o other_o body_n make_v various_a impression_n as_o we_o see_v be_v do_v in_o some_o tangible_a effect_n as_o by_o smoothness_n roughness_n hardness_n softness_n sharpness_n bluntness_n and_o the_o like_a whereby_o sometime_o other_o body_n be_v affect_v yet_o they_o can_v never_o arrive_v to_o those_o great_a activity_n which_o we_o see_v in_o physical_a body_n as_o sense_n life_n primitive_a motion_n of_o several_a kind_n nor_o can_v be_v productive_a of_o the_o principle_n thereof_o for_o the_o modification_n of_o matter_n can_v never_o raise_v it_o to_o such_o a_o activity_n as_o of_o itself_o it_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o but_o require_v the_o union_n of_o some_o noble_a active_a entity_n to_o quicken_v and_o actuate_v it_o 2._o they_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o most_o noble_a motion_n as_o well_o of_o sense_n as_o life_n in_o animal_n and_o vegetable_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o mechanism_n and_o not_o from_o any_o intrinsic_a active_a principle_n which_o we_o usual_o call_v the_o sentient_a and_o vegetable_a soul_n nay_o some_o by_o a_o vain_a petulancy_n have_v go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o resolve_v the_o noble_a faculty_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o rational_a soul_n as_o intellection_n ratiocination_n and_o memory_n into_o a_o bare_a mechanism_n and_o modification_n and_o motion_n of_o particle_n of_o matter_n such_o extravagancy_n as_o these_o need_n no_o other_o confutation_n but_o our_o very_a sense_n in_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o curious_a property_n instinct_n operation_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a soul_n and_o faculty_n and_o the_o unevident_a and_o unintelligible_a explication_n that_o these_o man_n offer_v for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o supposition_n which_o be_v not_o my_o business_n here_o at_o large_a to_o examine_v now_o touch_v the_o production_n of_o these_o active_a self-moving_a principle_n which_o i_o call_v vires_fw-la or_o virtutes_fw-la activae_fw-la 1._o as_o to_o their_o primitive_a institution_n and_o production_n there_o can_v possible_o as_o i_o think_v be_v assign_v any_o other_o than_o that_o constitution_n institution_n and_o communication_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o the_o great_a creator_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o that_o law_n which_o he_o annex_v and_o give_v they_o in_o their_o first_o formation_n 2._o but_o as_o to_o the_o subsequent_a and_o physical_a production_n of_o these_o active_a principle_n in_o the_o common_a and_o ordinary_a tract_n of_o nature_n they_o be_v various_a according_a to_o the_o method_n settle_v by_o the_o same_o divine_a law_n such_o as_o be_v generation_n the_o irradiation_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o heavenly_a body_n especial_o the_o sun_n the_o various_a mixture_n of_o simple_a and_o compound_a body_n and_o therewith_o of_o their_o essential_a form_n and_o active_a quality_n whereby_o there_o arise_v many_o time_n such_o form_n and_o quality_n as_o be_v sometime_o call_v equivocal_a anomalous_a or_o of_o various_a modification_n but_o the_o origination_n of_o form_n and_o active_a quality_n be_v a_o large_a theme_n and_o not_o intend_v to_o be_v prosecute_v far_o by_o i_o in_o this_o place_n chap._n iii_o concern_v some_o other_o more_o universal_a or_o common_a cause_n assign_v of_o motion_n viz._n anima_fw-la mundi_fw-la spiritus_fw-la naturae_fw-la &_o principia_fw-la hylarchica_n to_o solve_v or_o give_v a_o account_n of_o divers_a motion_n in_o nature_n there_o have_v be_v those_o that_o not_o content_a with_o the_o particular_a inherent_a active_a principle_n in_o particular_a subject_n as_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n have_v suppose_v certain_o more_o catholic_n and_o indeed_o noble_a existence_n that_o manage_v the_o various_a phaenomena_n in_o the_o universe_n plato_n and_o his_o school_n and_o after_o he_o the_o arabian_a philosopher_n especial_o avicen_n suppose_v a_o intelligent_a nature_n subordinate_a to_o almighty_a god_n to_o preside_v and_o manage_v the_o universe_n which_o they_o call_v anima_fw-la mundi_fw-la as_o they_o assign_v one_o common_a intelligent_a nature_n and_o depute_v it_o to_o the_o excitation_n action_n and_o regiment_n of_o the_o humane_a soul_n in_o his_o intellective_a operation_n which_o they_o call_v intellectus_fw-la agens_fw-la other_o that_o have_v assign_v several_a systeme_n of_o the_o world_n each_o have_v a_o special_a province_n which_o they_o style_v vortices_fw-la or_o systemata_fw-la assign_v a_o certain_a common_a intelligent_a nature_n to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o common_a soul_n of_o every_o particular_a vortex_n and_o thus_o our_o vortex_n who_o centre_n they_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o sun_n and_o the_o term_n of_o extent_n to_o reach_v the_o remote_a limit_n of_o saturn_n and_o his_o orb_n have_v its_o anima_fw-la vorticis_fw-la for_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n and_o motion_n within_o that_o vortex_n other_o again_o have_v substitute_v another_o principle_n not_o altogether_o unlike_a the_o first_o but_o differ_v in_o name_n and_o some_o qualification_n this_o they_o call_v principium_fw-la hylarchicum_n and_o sometime_o spiritus_fw-la naturae_fw-la which_o though_o they_o make_v not_o a_o intelligent_a be_v yet_o they_o make_v it_o plastic_a vital_a incorporeal_a and_o possible_o sentient_a but_o howsoever_o accommodate_v to_o the_o regiment_n of_o matter_n in_o the_o best_a and_o most_o orderly_a and_o convenient_a way_n and_o this_o i_o take_v it_o they_o suppose_v a_o subordinate_a regent_n principle_n somewhat_o resemble_v the_o archaeus_n of_o helmont_n which_o be_v suppose_v a_o middle_a principle_n intervening_a between_o the_o soul_n of_o animal_n and_o their_o body_n and_o a_o immediate_a active_a instrument_n in_o its_o motion_n and_o operation_n if_o by_o this_o principium_fw-la hylarchicum_n these_o man_n will_v understand_v the_o sovereign_a creator_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o world_n as_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_n understand_v the_o anima_fw-la mundi_fw-la who_o be_v intimate_o present_a with_o all_o his_o work_n and_o by_o a_o continual_a influx_n support_v they_o in_o their_o be_v and_o motion_n according_a to_o the_o most_o wise_a law_n and_o institution_n that_o he_o have_v establish_v for_o they_o and_o fix_v in_o they_o or_o if_o by_o the_o spiritus_fw-la naturae_fw-la they_o understand_v those_o active_a essential_a virtue_n communicate_v to_o every_o create_v be_v by_o the_o glorious_a god_n and_o that_o statuminate_v law_n and_o order_n and_o method_n and_o oeconomy_n which_o he_o have_v give_v they_o and_o according_a to_o which_o those_o active_a principle_n which_o he_o have_v plant_v in_o they_o do_v exert_n and_o operate_v this_o will_v be_v ready_o agree_v to_o they_o as_o most_o rational_a and_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n evident_a not_o only_o to_o our_o reason_n but_o to_o our_o very_a sense_n and_o experience_n and_o the_o dispute_n about_o word_n will_v cease_v and_o be_v at_o rest_n but_o the_o substitution_n of_o such_o a_o vicarious_a immaterial_a common_a principle_n to_o regulate_v order_n excite_v and_o govern_v matter_n and_o its_o motion_n subordinate_a to_o almighty_a god_n a_o common_a spirit_n and_o different_a from_o the_o particular_a active_a principle_n various_o implant_v in_o physical_a body_n though_o it_o be_v a_o pleasant_a supposition_n yet_o it_o be_v difficult_a if_o not_o impossible_a to_o evince_v to_o any_o tolerable_a satisfaction_n only_o i_o must_v needs_o say_v that_o as_o supposition_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o be_v found_v upon_o notion_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unaccessible_a by_o those_o common_a media_n whereby_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v to_o humane_a understanding_n so_o upon_o the_o same_o account_n they_o be_v difficult_a to_o be_v confute_v if_o any_o man_n shall_v tell_v
seem_v reasonable_a to_o i_o though_o i_o must_v confess_v it_o be_v possible_o one_o of_o the_o abstruse_a subject_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n wherein_o i_o shall_v observe_v as_o near_o as_o i_o can_v this_o method_n 1._o to_o consider_v the_o several_a consistence_n of_o body_n 2._o to_o show_v the_o various_a kind_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n of_o those_o body_n 3._o to_o what_o kind_n of_o body_n and_o to_o what_o kind_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n this_o argument_n in_o hand_n be_v applicable_a that_o so_o we_o may_v come_v close_o to_o the_o business_n in_o question_n and_o speak_v ad_fw-la idem_fw-la as_o to_o the_o first_o and_o second_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n in_o his_o historia_fw-la densi_fw-la &_o rari_fw-la have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n fit_v they_o to_o my_o hand_n who_o method_n i_o shall_v herein_o follow_v 1._o of_o body_n some_o seem_v to_o be_v proper_o call_v tangible_a some_o pneumatica_fw-la which_o though_o they_o be_v not_o spirit_n nor_o void_a of_o matter_n no_o nor_o yet_o total_o imperceptible_a to_o the_o touch_n yet_o be_v more_o subtle_a and_o less_o obvious_a by_o any_o gross_a contact_n to_o that_o sense_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v call_v spiritalia_fw-la of_o the_o former_a sort_n some_o be_v more_o fix_v and_o of_o a_o more_o settle_a consistence_n as_o gold_n iron_n stone_n wood_n etc._n etc._n other_o be_v fluid_a either_o from_o the_o texture_n of_o their_o nature_n as_o water_n oil_n mercury_n or_o by_o art_n or_o accident_n as_o gold_n silver_n lead_v etc._n etc._n in_o fusion_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o latter_a sort_n viz._n pneumatica_fw-la there_o be_v several_a kind_n and_o of_o various_a degree_n of_o exaltation_n as_o aether_n air_n flame_n spirit_n of_o animal_n or_o vegetable_n smoke_n vapour_n etc._n etc._n although_o tangible_a body_n may_v be_v capable_a of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n at_o least_o in_o some_o of_o the_o acceptation_n thereof_o hereafter_o describe_v yet_o i_o shall_v not_o much_o meddle_v with_o they_o unless_o it_o be_v such_o as_o be_v fluid_a because_o not_o to_o my_o present_a purpose_n and_o because_o what_o be_v hereafter_o say_v touch_v the_o rarefaction_n or_o condensation_n of_o some_o fluid_n and_o of_o those_o pneumatica_fw-la will_v in_o some_o measure_n explicate_v somewhat_o concern_v the_o condensation_n or_o rarefaction_n of_o other_o tangible_a body_n 2._o touch_v rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n thus_o much_o first_o in_o general_n be_v to_o be_v say_v rarefaction_n be_v when_o the_o same_o body_n or_o at_o least_o portion_n of_o material_a substance_n take_v up_o a_o great_a external_a dimension_n or_o a_o large_a appear_a trine_n dimension_n viz._n of_o breadth_n length_n and_o depth_n than_o it_o have_v before_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a condensation_n be_v when_o the_o same_o body_n or_o portion_n of_o material_a substance_n take_v up_o a_o less_o external_a dimension_n than_o it_o have_v before_o this_o may_v suffice_v as_o the_o common_a phaenomenon_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n as_o it_o stand_v object_v to_o our_o sense_n though_o when_o we_o come_v to_o particular_n this_o general_a sensible_a description_n of_o either_o will_v not_o serve_v always_o the_o subject_a nor_o sufficient_o explicate_v it_o some_o appearance_n in_o body_n look_v like_a rarefaction_n which_o indeed_o be_v not_o such_o but_o only_o in_o appearance_n such_o as_o be_v augmentation_n of_o body_n by_o a_o unperceptible_a accession_n of_o new_a matter_n as_o in_o augmentation_n sometime_o by_o assimilation_n of_o contiguous_a matter_n into_o its_o own_o consistence_n sometime_o by_o the_o aperture_n or_o distraction_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n and_o intrusion_n or_o intermission_n or_o attraction_n of_o other_o matter_n of_o a_o different_a nature_n quality_n or_o texture_n or_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n quality_n or_o texture_n with_o itself_o these_o be_v not_o true_o those_o kind_n of_o rarefaction_n whereof_o our_o enquiry_n be_v institute_v for_o though_o the_o mole_n or_o bulk_n seem_v to_o be_v extend_v and_o enlarge_v yet_o the_o true_a bulk_n of_o the_o same_o matter_n be_v the_o same_o as_o before_o though_o it_o may_v be_v under_o a_o different_a configuration_n or_o position_n again_o on_o the_o contrary_a some_o appearance_n in_o body_n look_v like_o condensation_n but_o in_o truth_n be_v not_o such_o as_o when_o part_n of_o a_o body_n be_v emit_v either_o by_o perspiration_n or_o dissolution_n of_o some_o of_o its_o more_o subtle_a part_n whereby_o that_o which_o remain_v take_v up_o less_o circuit_n or_o bulk_n or_o where_o some_o of_o its_o part_n be_v first_o subtilise_v and_o then_o dismiss_v and_o some_o other_o instance_n of_o like_a kind_n may_v be_v give_v but_o these_o be_v not_o true_a and_o real_a condensation_n for_o the_o entire_a matter_n remain_v not_o in_o the_o body_n condense_v as_o be_v before_o but_o be_v diminish_v these_o therefore_o be_v not_o the_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n whereof_o the_o enquiry_n proceed_v for_o the_o same_o body_n in_o both_o instance_n hold_v the_o same_o true_a space_n it_o have_v before_o though_o the_o extreme_a appear_a limit_n seem_v to_o be_v alter_v 3._o the_o question_n therefore_o in_o hand_n be_v touch_v that_o kind_n of_o rarefaction_n where_o the_o same_o body_n or_o portion_n of_o material_a substance_n without_o accession_n of_o more_o or_o other_o bodily_a matter_n yet_o take_v up_o a_o large_a space_n than_o it_o do_v before_o 2._o and_o where_o it_o do_v not_o only_o take_v up_o a_o large_a exterior_a compass_n circuit_n or_o superficies_n but_o where_o it_o also_o fill_v those_o intrinsic_a space_n which_o be_v within_o the_o circuit_n of_o that_o extent_n as_o full_o as_o it_o do_v before_o for_o if_o for_o the_o purpose_n a_o portion_n of_o air_n of_o a_o cubique_a figure_n six_o inch_n square_a do_v swell_v to_o a_o cubique_a dimension_n of_o seven_o inch_n square_a yet_o if_o in_o that_o very_a dilatation_n there_o be_v as_o great_a a_o disjunction_n or_o divulsion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n within_o the_o cubique_fw-la space_n of_o six_o inch_n as_o amount_n to_o that_o external_a accession_n of_o one_o inch_n whereby_o it_o become_v a_o cube_n of_o seven_o inch_n square_a here_o be_v no_o true_a rarefaction_n nor_o be_v the_o space_n enlarge_v but_o only_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o same_o body_n and_o of_o its_o extension_n alter_v if_o a_o artificer_n take_v a_o little_o cylinder_n of_o silver_n of_o two_o inch_n long_o and_o half_a a_o inch_n round_o and_o guild_v it_o he_o will_v by_o his_o art_n draw_v out_o this_o little_a bar_n into_o 40_o yard_n or_o more_o of_o fine_a silver_n thread_n though_o the_o length_n be_v increase_v yet_o the_o breadth_n be_v diminish_v and_o the_o silver_n thread_n take_v up_o no_o more_o true_a extent_n of_o its_o trine_n dimension_n than_o it_o have_v before_o nay_o which_o be_v remarkable_a the_o extent_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o silver_n be_v not_o enlarge_v though_o the_o figure_n be_v alter_v which_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o every_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o silver_n thread_n will_v continue_v guilt_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ingot_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o account_v it_o be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o a_o body_n or_o portion_n of_o material_a substance_n be_v say_v true_o to_o be_v condense_v 1._o it_o must_v be_v the_o same_o portion_n of_o matter_n that_o be_v before_o without_o any_o diminution_n of_o its_o part_n or_o of_o any_o matter_n in_o it_o that_o contribute_v to_o its_o former_a mole_n 2._o the_o same_o matter_n without_o any_o diminution_n must_v real_o take_v up_o less_o room_n or_o space_n than_o it_o do_v before_o for_o if_o it_o only_o take_v up_o a_o less_o superficies_n or_o external_a extent_n yet_o withal_o it_o make_v up_o space_n or_o porosity_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o external_a extent_n which_o before_o be_v not_o fill_v by_o itself_o but_o either_o be_v simple_o empty_a of_o any_o body_n or_o only_o fill_v with_o such_o a_o body_n as_o now_o recede_v and_o give_v way_n to_o the_o body_n suppose_v to_o be_v condense_v to_o take_v it_o up_o then_o here_o be_v only_o a_o change_n of_o the_o space_n it_o have_v before_o and_o of_o its_o configuration_n not_o a_o less_o space_n real_o take_v up_o as_o commensurate_a to_o that_o body_n that_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v condense_v so_o that_o the_o question_n between_o the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a philosophy_n be_v not_o so_o much_o de_fw-mi modo_fw-la how_o condensation_n or_o rarefaction_n be_v make_v as_o concern_v the_o thing_n itself_o whether_o real_o and_o true_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n or_o affection_n in_o body_n as_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n the_o latter_a philosophy_n in_o truth_n deny_v the_o thing_n when_o they_o give_v it_o such_o
as_o to_o extension_n the_o measure_n will_v differ_v the_o same_o mole_n of_o matter_n condense_v may_v not_o take_v up_o half_a the_o extent_n it_o do_v before_o and_o be_v rarefy_v may_v take_v up_o ten_o time_n its_o extension_n or_o dimension_n six_o dimension_n or_o extension_n though_o as_o quantity_n import_v much_o or_o little_a it_o be_v inseparable_a from_o the_o notion_n of_o material_a substance_n yet_o actual_a extension_n in_o this_o or_o that_o determinate_a measure_n or_o degree_n be_v but_o pure_o accidental_a to_o material_a substance_n for_o it_o may_v have_v one_o extension_n one_o hour_n and_o the_o next_o hour_n have_v another_o as_o its_o texture_n be_v alter_v for_o variety_n of_o extension_n be_v consequential_a and_o necessary_o consequential_a upon_o alteration_n of_o texture_n there_o be_v certain_a distinction_n to_o be_v observe_v touch_v extension_n viz._n 1._o a_o actual_a and_o a_o habitual_a aptitudinary_a and_o potential_a extension_n although_o the_o facto_fw-la every_o portion_n of_o matter_n be_v under_o some_o actual_a extension_n yet_o as_o i_o say_v this_o or_o that_o actual_a extension_n be_v not_o intrinsical_v or_o essential_a to_o matter_n for_o as_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o a_o variation_n of_o its_o texture_n so_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o a_o change_n variation_n and_o alteration_n of_o its_o dimension_n but_o that_o habitual_a aptitudinary_a and_o potential_a extension_n whereby_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v at_o some_o time_n or_o moment_n under_o some_o determinate_a extension_n or_o other_o be_v intrinsic_a to_o it_o though_o it_o be_v successive_o alterable_a as_o its_o texture_n be_v alterable_a again_o 2._o we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o the_o extension_n in_o the_o superficial_a and_o external_a dimension_n and_o that_o which_o be_v the_o whole_a portion_n of_o matter_n the_o former_a may_v be_v without_o the_o true_a and_o real_a increase_n of_o extent_n or_o dimension_n for_o possible_o by_o the_o distraction_n and_o separation_n of_o the_o more_o interior_a part_n of_o matter_n and_o the_o production_n thereby_o of_o porosity_n the_o external_a superficial_a extent_n may_v be_v enlarge_v and_o yet_o the_o whole_a extent_n continue_v the_o same_o but_o only_o with_o a_o diversify_v ubication_n of_o the_o more_o interior_a part_n of_o matter_n but_o that_o extension_n which_o be_v intend_v by_o i_o in_o rarefaction_n be_v a_o entire_a extension_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o all_o its_o part_n without_o which_o there_o be_v no_o true_a and_o adequate_a extension_n and_o that_o contraction_n or_o penetration_n of_o material_a substance_n to_o condensation_n be_v the_o contraction_n of_o the_o whole_a triple_a dimension_n length_n breadth_n and_o thickness_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o every_o part_n yet_o retain_v the_o same_o quantity_n or_o muchness_n of_o substance_n and_o as_o i_o have_v show_v that_o in_o several_a portion_n of_o material_a substance_n it_o be_v not_o only_o consistent_a with_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o evident_o true_a in_o fact_n that_o a_o portion_n of_o rarefy_a matter_n suppose_v it_o air_n may_v be_v and_o be_v co-extended_n to_o all_o the_o space_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o matter_n and_o fill_v they_o as_o entire_o as_o a_o most_o dense_a body_n or_o portion_n of_o matter_n fill_v all_o the_o space_n within_o its_o superficial_a dimension_n as_o suppose_v it_o water_n or_o even_o mercury_n or_o gold_n itself_o so_o the_o same_o portion_n of_o compact_a matter_n suppose_v it_o water_n or_o mercury_n be_v rarefy_v into_o a_o more_o dilate_a and_o expanded_a consistence_n as_o into_o air_n or_o fume_n may_v upon_o the_o very_a same_o account_n fill_v all_o the_o space_n within_o the_o extent_n of_o that_o dilate_a extension_n without_o any_o hiatus_fw-la or_o interstitia_fw-la of_o empty_a space_n or_o the_o acquest_n of_o any_o additional_a matter_n because_o the_o texture_n of_o that_o portion_n of_o matter_n be_v only_o change_v and_o a_o great_a extension_n or_o dimension_n be_v necessary_o consequential_a upon_o or_o concomitant_a with_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o that_o very_a same_o portion_n of_o matter_n to_o a_o great_a expansion_n in_o rarefaction_n seven_o the_o contraction_n or_o evolution_n and_o expansion_n of_o a_o spirit_n or_o spiritual_a substance_n which_o be_v common_o call_v penetration_n be_v incident_a to_o spirit_n and_o spiritual_a substance_n that_o be_v void_a of_o matter_n but_o this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o impeach_n that_o natural_a penetration_n of_o material_a substance_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v for_o they_o differ_v toto_fw-la coelo_fw-la one_o from_o another_o 1._o in_o the_o principle_n of_o each_o penetration_n in_o material_a substance_n it_o always_o or_o at_o least_o common_o proceed_v from_o a_o external_a efficient_a or_o force_n as_o in_o contraction_n or_o penetration_n of_o material_a substance_n by_o compression_n or_o by_o constipation_n from_o without_o but_o the_o penetration_n or_o contraction_n or_o dilatation_n of_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n be_v from_o a_o internal_a principle_n possible_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o will_n of_o such_o a_o spirit_n to_o contraction_n or_o evolution_n 2._o in_o the_o consequent_a or_o rather_o concomitant_a of_o such_o penetration_n or_o expansion_n in_o material_a substance_n upon_o contraction_n or_o penetration_n the_o matter_n be_v necessary_o thereupon_o more_o dense_a and_o in_o evolution_n or_o expansion_n more_o rare_a for_o it_o can_v be_v one_o or_o other_o without_o the_o acquest_n of_o a_o new_a texture_n of_o its_o part_n viz._n more_o lax_n in_o rarefaction_n more_o close_a and_o compact_a in_o condensation_n but_o in_o the_o contraction_n or_o evolution_n of_o a_o spirit_n there_o be_v no_o alteration_n in_o the_o texture_n or_o rarity_n or_o density_n of_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n for_o rarity_n and_o density_n be_v quality_n and_o affection_n compatible_a only_o to_o body_n and_o material_a substance_n not_o to_o spirit_n or_o substance_n pure_o immaterial_a therefore_o i_o do_v dismiss_v the_o penetrability_n of_o spirit_n as_o a_o thing_n whole_o unapplicable_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n and_o no_o way_n applicable_a to_o the_o argument_n in_o hand_n eight_o now_o to_o apply_v the_o business_n of_o penetrability_n or_o impenetrability_n to_o what_o have_v be_v former_o deliver_v first_o in_o case_n of_o several_a body_n that_o be_v under_o several_a actual_a dimension_n and_o not_o unite_v one_o to_o another_o by_o continuation_n this_o concern_v not_o the_o present_a question_n which_o be_v touch_v one_o common_a portion_n of_o matter_n who_o part_n be_v unite_v one_o to_o another_o and_o so_o in_o a_o state_n of_o union_n yet_o whether_o that_o a_o body_n may_v not_o be_v of_o so_o high_a a_o rectify_a purity_n and_o tenuity_n that_o it_o may_v penetrate_v the_o dimension_n of_o a_o grosser_n body_n without_o porosity_n for_o its_o transition_n either_o find_v or_o make_v in_o that_o penetrate_v body_n may_v be_v difficult_a to_o determine_v because_o we_o be_v unacquainted_a with_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o subtlety_n of_o body_n and_o consequent_o of_o those_o energy_n that_o be_v consequential_a thereupon_o only_o if_o light_n be_v a_o body_n or_o if_o the_o magnetical_a effusion_n be_v corporeal_a efflux_n as_o some_o of_o the_o late_a philosopher_n assert_v it_o seem_v to_o favour_v such_o a_o penetrability_n of_o such_o subtle_a body_n for_o light_n will_v pervade_v every_o part_n of_o the_o diaphanum_fw-la and_o magnetical_a efflux_n will_v pervade_v the_o solid_a body_n even_o gold_n itself_o as_o experience_n show_v we_o without_o make_v porosity_n for_o its_o transition_n but_o i_o dismiss_v this_o as_o not_o to_o the_o question_n in_o hand_n and_o possible_o the_o supposition_n that_o light_n or_o magnetical_a efflux_n be_v body_n be_v untrue_a second_o as_o to_o portion_n of_o matter_n body_n and_o extension_n thereof_o where_o its_o part_n be_v unite_v in_o one_o common_a continuity_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o proper_a rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n it_o seem_v that_o such_o a_o penetration_n of_o actual_a dimension_n or_o of_o body_n determine_v in_o or_o under_o actual_a dimension_n such_o a_o penetration_n either_o of_o body_n or_o actual_a dimension_n or_o extension_n be_v impossible_a and_o contradictory_n in_o itself_o so_o long_o as_o such_o actual_a dimension_n continue_v unaltered_a by_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o such_o body_n and_o consequential_o of_o such_o actual_a dimension_n for_o a_o cubique_fw-la body_n of_o 12_o inch_n can_v be_v more_o or_o less_o in_o extension_n than_o it_o be_v so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v a_o cubique_fw-la body_n of_o 12_o inch_n this_o be_v that_o penetration_n of_o body_n and_o dimension_n that_o we_o do_v reject_v under_o that_o name_n three_o but_o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o very_a same_o portion_n of_o material_a substance_n be_v successive_o capable_a of_o several_a texture_n and_o consequent_o of_o several_a dimension_n there_o
easy_o observe_v that_o in_o truth_n all_o kind_n of_o gravitation_n be_v but_o motion_n or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la but_o in_o that_o conatus_fw-la or_o nisus_n ad_fw-la motum_fw-la we_o be_v necessary_o to_o consider_v two_o thing_n 1._o the_o principium_fw-la motivum_fw-la 2._o the_o terminus_n motus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la the_o principium_fw-la motivum_fw-la may_v be_v various_a and_o tend_v to_o various_a termination_n it_o may_v be_v extrinsical_a and_o accidental_a as_o when_o i_o throw_v a_o stone_n into_o a_o bucket_n of_o water_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n be_v thereby_o cause_v upward_o and_o raise_v its_o superficies_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n upward_o be_v not_o altogether_o improper_o call_v gravitation_n upward_o come_v from_o a_o external_a force_n again_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o motion_n or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la may_v be_v intrinsic_a and_o from_o that_o intrinsic_a principle_n may_v have_v a_o motion_n or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la downward_o which_o i_o call_v the_o intrinsic_a quality_n of_o gravity_n this_o intrinsic_a quality_n govern_v and_o incline_v the_o motion_n and_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la to_o a_o central_a termination_n when_o it_o have_v no_o collateral_a impediment_n any_o man_n with_o half_a a_o eye_n may_v see_v here_o be_v a_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la of_o the_o heavy_a body_n to_o a_o central_a motion_n which_o be_v its_o gravitation_n and_o yet_o the_o principle_n that_o impress_v this_o kind_n of_o termination_n of_o its_o motion_n be_v that_o which_o i_o call_v and_o call_v true_o the_o quality_n of_o gravity_n in_o the_o heavy_a body_n in_o the_o very_a instance_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o water_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n specifical_o light_a than_o water_n we_o may_v observe_v both_o these_o gravitation_n or_o motion_n the_o water_n press_v downward_o from_o its_o intrinsical_a principle_n or_o quality_n of_o gravity_n and_o thereby_o undermine_v and_o get_v below_o the_o rundle_n and_o then_o by_o a_o relative_a occasional_a or_o accidental_a motion_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n it_o press_v upward_o and_o drive_v up_o the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n with_o a_o force_n and_o kind_n of_o gravitation_n or_o motion_n upward_o to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n the_o same_o water_n have_v these_o various_a termination_n one_o downward_o from_o its_o own_o intrinsic_a quality_n of_o gravity_n though_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o be_v suspend_v till_o it_o find_v a_o light_a body_n within_o its_o dimension_n to_o exert_v it_o the_o other_o upward_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n which_o by_o circumpulsion_n it_o drive_v upward_o and_o therefore_o the_o kind_a consequence_n that_o i_o hold_v there_o be_v nothing_o but_o mobility_n in_o body_n and_o that_o i_o use_v the_o phrase_n of_o gravity_n according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a acceptation_n and_o as_o idolum_fw-la fori_fw-la or_o that_o the_o actual_a descent_n of_o water_n or_o other_o heavy_a body_n be_v from_o a_o distinct_a be_v as_o be_v infer_v in_o the_o first_o second_o and_o six_o section_n of_o that_o chapter_n be_v but_o mistake_v collection_n and_o have_v no_o concession_n from_o i_o or_o any_o thing_n i_o have_v therein_o assert_v nor_o be_v at_o all_o true_a as_o i_o think_v as_o to_o the_o 4_o the_o and_o 5_o the_o illation_n in_o that_o remark_n where_o it_o be_v say_v the_o water_n have_v no_o nisus_n ad_fw-la motum_fw-la upward_o into_o the_o tube_n immerse_v and_o stop_v at_o the_o low_a end_n till_o open_v that_o in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o enquiry_n will_v appear_v not_o to_o be_v altogether_o true_a but_o if_o it_o be_v never_o so_o true_a yet_o it_o impugn_v not_o what_o be_v above_o by_o i_o deliver_v for_o the_o water_n be_v drive_v up_o into_o the_o tube_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bucket_n upon_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tube_n fill_v only_o with_o air_n and_o so_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o water_n into_o the_o tube_n be_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o accidental_a position_n and_o the_o fluidity_n of_o the_o ascend_a water_n meet_v with_o a_o element_n in_o the_o tube_n light_a than_o the_o water_n we_o see_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n a_o weight_n of_o two_o pound_n in_o one_o scale_n make_v the_o weight_n of_o one_o pound_n in_o the_o other_o scale_n to_o ascend_v though_o both_o be_v heavy_a body_n and_o this_o by_o mechanic_n and_o statique_a principle_n so_o in_o the_o siphon_n a_o b_o water_n pour_v into_o the_o leg_n a_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o the_o other_o leg_n to_o a_o equal_a superficies_n upon_o necessary_a statique_a ground_n without_o call_v in_o any_o subsidiary_a spirit_n of_o nature_n to_o effect_v the_o ascent_n for_o rhe_n siphon_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o natural_a libra_n and_o so_o when_o the_o tube_n stop_v with_o the_o finger_n beneath_o be_v immerse_v into_o a_o bucket_n of_o water_n and_o then_o open_v the_o circumjacent_a water_n be_v both_o fluid_a and_o heavy_a be_v drive_v up_o into_o the_o vacant_a tube_n till_o it_o come_v to_o a_o equal_a superficies_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bucket_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o due_a equipondium_fw-la and_o all_o this_o be_v most_o regular_o and_o necessary_o effect_v according_a to_o the_o common_a mechanism_n of_o statique_a principle_n without_o any_o help_n from_o the_o suppose_a spirit_n of_o nature_n to_o fetch_v out_o the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o tube_n or_o to_o raise_v the_o water_n into_o it_o there_o be_v many_o accidental_a cause_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o water_n vertical_o upward_a which_o yet_o consist_v with_o its_o intrinsical_a principle_n or_o quality_n which_o i_o call_v gravity_n or_o conatus_fw-la to_o a_o central_a motion_n for_o instance_n 1._o it_o be_v move_v upward_o by_o cast_v into_o it_o a_o heavy_a body_n which_o take_v up_o some_o of_o its_o room_n as_o throw_v a_o stone_n into_o a_o bucket_n of_o water_n 2._o it_o be_v move_v upward_o by_o attraction_n as_o in_o pump_n and_o syringe_n 3._o it_o be_v move_v upward_o when_o within_o its_o own_o dimension_n it_o meet_v with_o a_o light_a body_n than_o itself_o as_o in_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o tube_n of_o air_n immerse_v and_o then_o unstop_v at_o the_o bottom_n or_o where_o a_o rundle_n of_o light_a wood_n be_v immerse_v in_o it_o it_o be_v apparent_a the_o water_n raise_v it_o and_o cast_v it_o to_o the_o superficies_n with_o a_o kind_n of_o force_n so_o that_o it_o will_v leap_v above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n when_o it_o come_v thither_o but_o these_o accidental_a vertical_a motion_n do_v not_o at_o all_o take_v away_o the_o intrinsic_a principle_n of_o its_o gravity_n but_o consist_v with_o it_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o contradiction_n to_o say_v that_o gravitation_n be_v but_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la be_v the_o motion_n lateral_a or_o vertical_a or_o central_a and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o say_v that_o gravity_n be_v a_o quality_n in_o heavy_a body_n that_o specificate_v and_o determine_v their_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la to_o be_v central_a or_o perpendicular_a remark_n ii_o descent_n of_o body_n this_o remark_n will_v sure_o have_v have_v be_v spare_v if_o the_o author_n have_v be_v please_v to_o have_v read_v the_o next_o page_n where_o it_o be_v affirm_v that_o water_n pour_v through_o the_o air_n have_v a_o direct_a central_a direction_n and_o gravitation_n pag._n 14._o of_o the_o essay_n remark_n iii_o touch_v the_o gravitation_n of_o part_n of_o solid_a body_n one_o upon_o another_o that_o every_o part_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n have_v its_o common_a quality_n of_o heaviness_n and_o will_v in_o a_o state_n of_o separation_n descend_v and_o that_o every_o part_n contribute_v to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v no_o where_o question_v only_o when_o the_o body_n be_v in_o continuity_n and_o of_o a_o equal_a consistence_n that_o there_o be_v a_o suspension_n of_o actual_a gravitation_n of_o one_o part_n upon_o another_o be_v that_o which_o be_v affirm_v but_o where_o they_o be_v of_o different_a consistency_n there_o many_o time_n happen_v actual_a and_o sensible_a gravitation_n of_o one_o part_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n upon_o another_o this_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o nugae_fw-la pag._n 1._o and_o have_v it_o be_v observe_v the_o remark_n i_o suppose_v will_v have_v be_v spare_v remark_n iv_o five_o vi_o vii_o upon_o the_o four_o chapter_n for_o the_o render_v my_o thought_n more_o intelligible_a touch_v gravitation_n of_o fluids_n and_o to_o make_v my_o approach_n to_o it_o the_o more_o easy_a and_o fair_a i_o give_v in_o that_o chapter_n instance_n of_o solute_a solid_a body_n and_o how_o the_o pressure_n of_o their_o part_n be_v refract_v i_o
the_o 15_o the_o remark_n will_v come_v to_o be_v consider_v hereafter_o remark_n xvi_o exception_n be_v take_v because_o i_o say_v regular_o bodily_a effect_n be_v wrought_v by_o contact_n of_o some_o active_a body_n upon_o the_o patient_n the_o remarker_n may_v if_o he_o have_v please_v have_v take_v notice_n that_o i_o often_o say_v in_o bodily_a motion_n some_o thing_n act_v from_o a_o inward_a active_a principle_n inherent_a in_o they_o as_o the_o descent_n of_o heavy_a body_n other_o thing_n there_o be_v that_o be_v move_v by_o a_o external_a or_o foreign_a active_a principle_n or_o at_o least_o some_o other_o body_n put_v into_o motion_n as_o in_o a_o clock_n the_o descent_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o lead_n be_v ab_fw-la intrinseco_fw-la principio_fw-la and_o not_o by_o any_o contact_n but_o the_o turn_n about_o of_o the_o wheel_n of_o the_o clock_n be_v by_o the_o connexion_n of_o the_o line_n to_o the_o weight_n and_o its_o circumvolution_n about_o the_o wheel_n per_fw-la contactum_fw-la to_o the_o former_a i_o never_o apply_v this_o axiom_n as_o he_o call_v it_o as_o he_o himself_o after_o in_o his_o 37_o the_o remark_n fair_o confess_v this_o active_a intrinsic_a principle_n i_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n alligate_v to_o heavy_a body_n and_o if_o he_o have_v call_v it_o a_o hylarchical_a principle_n i_o shall_v not_o have_v contend_v with_o he_o about_o the_o word_n but_o in_o these_o motion_n ab_fw-la extrinseco_fw-la i_o dare_v think_v at_o least_o he_o will_v not_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v regular_o true_a remark_n xvii_o xviii_o xix_o xx._n there_o be_v no_o great_a matter_n in_o these_o but_o only_o touch_v the_o porosity_n of_o glass_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o transition_n of_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la through_o it_o by_o the_o renitence_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o which_o little_o more_o need_n to_o be_v say_v than_o what_o occur_v before_o only_o where_o the_o remarker_n subjoin_v that_o upon_o the_o gentle_a gradual_a incline_v of_o the_o tube_n of_o mercury_n yet_o when_o it_o come_v to_o a_o erect_a posture_n the_o mercury_n subside_v to_o 29_o inch_n be_v a_o argument_n that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o effluvia_fw-la from_o the_o mercury_n to_o supply_v the_o derelicted_a space_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n this_o though_o often_o repeat_v by_o he_o in_o the_o subsequent_a remark_n seem_v to_o be_v no_o objection_n for_o whether_o the_o subside_v be_v more_o gradual_a or_o more_o sudden_a the_o compression_n of_o the_o mercurial_a part_n and_o traction_n upon_o they_o be_v equal_a when_o it_o attain_v its_o perpendicular_a pressure_n as_o to_o use_v my_o old_a comparison_n if_o a_o man_n strain_v a_o lutestring_n from_o a_o low_a to_o a_o high_a note_n suppose_v from_o a_o eight_o to_o a_o three_o if_o he_o do_v it_o rapid_o he_o shall_v indeed_o endanger_v the_o lutestring_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v wind_v up_o swift_a or_o slow_a the_o tension_n of_o the_o lutestring_n be_v the_o same_o at_o a_o equal_a height_n in_o both_o motion_n of_o the_o pin_n indeed_o while_o the_o inclination_n continue_v the_o pressure_n and_o gravitation_n of_o the_o mercury_n upon_o itself_o be_v less_o and_o consequent_o the_o tension_n weak_a and_o therefore_o the_o portion_n of_o effluvia_fw-la send_v or_o draw_v out_o in_o that_o posture_n be_v less_o but_o when_o it_o come_v to_o a_o erect_v perpendicular_a posture_n the_o pressure_n and_o gravitation_n and_o traction_n and_o tension_n be_v equal_a whether_o that_o posture_n be_v attain_v sudden_o or_o more_o leisurely_o as_o to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o tube_n or_o its_o capacity_n in_o the_o top_n to_o receive_v more_o mercury_n as_o i_o have_v make_v the_o objection_n so_o the_o answer_n that_o i_o give_v that_o the_o more_o mercury_n descend_v the_o more_o effluvia_fw-la be_v emit_v seem_v to_o i_o a_o sufficient_a answer_n whether_o the_o tube_n be_v leisurely_o or_o sudden_o bring_v to_o a_o vertical_a posture_n remark_n xxi_o xxii_o xxiii_o xxiv_o xxv_o xxvi_o xxvii_o there_o be_v in_o these_o remark_n no_o difference_n between_o we_o for_o it_o seem_v i_o write_v herein_o according_a to_o his_o sense_n only_o in_o the_o solution_n by_o i_o give_v by_o tension_n and_o rarefaction_n and_o attraction_n thereby_o wrought_v it_o agree_v not_o to_o his_o judgement_n as_o contradict_v the_o instance_n of_o the_o sustain_n of_o the_o embolus_fw-la of_o the_o air-pump_n upon_o which_o the_o enchiridion_n lay_v great_a stress_n to_o prove_v a_o hylarchical_a principle_n therefore_o most_o of_o the_o ensue_a remark_n be_v level_v against_o that_o solution_n remark_n xxviii_o xxix_o xxx_o xxxi_o touch_v the_o various_a position_n of_o the_o mercury_n upon_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n of_o a_o hill_n i_o need_v not_o say_v more_o than_o what_o be_v say_v in_o my_o 14_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o nugae_fw-la and_o therefore_o i_o spare_v repetition_n touch_v the_o reason_n assign_v by_o the_o remark_n of_o the_o swell_a of_o a_o bladder_n and_o the_o raise_n of_o bubble_n out_o of_o water_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o air-pump_n by_o i_o attribute_v to_o tension_n and_o attraction_n thereby_o wrought_v but_o by_o the_o remarker_n to_o a_o tumultuary_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n etc._n etc._n as_o he_o be_v little_o satisfy_v with_o my_o explication_n so_o i_o be_o as_o little_a satisfy_v with_o he_o both_o indeed_o produce_v a_o agitation_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o glass_n but_o that_o which_o i_o assign_v be_v regular_a orderly_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o effect_n produce_v but_o the_o tumultuary_a agitation_n of_o the_o remarker_n be_v confuse_v irregular_a and_o unproductive_a of_o such_o regular_a motion_n and_o beside_o be_v unevident_a and_o contradict_v by_o phaenomena_n of_o like_a nature_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v plain_o in_o the_o magdeburgh_n hemisphere_n the_o ludicrous_a instance_n as_o i_o call_v it_o of_o the_o attraction_n of_o tobacco_n through_o water_n be_v proper_o bring_v in_o by_o i_o in_o this_o place_n to_o show_v that_o in_o many_o instance_n attraction_n may_v be_v make_v through_o water_n which_o be_v seasonable_a in_o that_o place_n and_o proper_a enough_o remark_n xxxii_o xxxiii_o in_o these_o two_o remark_n the_o remarker_n endeavour_v to_o show_v 1._o the_o groundlessness_n of_o the_o solution_n offer_v by_o i_o to_o the_o torricellian_a phaenomena_n and_o 2._o it_o be_v repugnancy_n the_o former_a he_o say_v he_o have_v show_v in_o remark_n 32._o but_o all_o that_o be_v do_v to_o show_v it_o be_v to_o substitute_v certain_a inevident_a and_o i_o think_v mistake_a supposition_n as_o 1._o the_o perviousness_n of_o glass_n to_o the_o subtle_a aerial_a particle_n this_o indeed_o he_o have_v often_o say_v but_o no_o where_o prove_v and_o if_o it_o be_v admit_v will_v not_o only_o perfect_o destroy_v the_o apparent_a phaenomena_n in_o that_o instrument_n but_o will_v utter_o confound_v his_o answer_n to_o the_o resiliency_n of_o the_o mercury_n upon_o a_o sudden_a lift_v up_o and_o separation_n of_o the_o tube_n from_o the_o restagnant_fw-la mercury_n for_o what_o need_v such_o a_o violent_a resilition_n where_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n admit_v the_o subtle_a aerial_a particle_n to_o pervade_v the_o glass_n 2._o the_o gentle_a incline_n of_o the_o tube_n to_o prevent_v the_o tumultuary_a agitation_n of_o the_o mercury_n but_o what_o i_o have_v show_v in_o my_o observation_n upon_o remark_n 17_o etc._n etc._n i_o think_v sufficient_o discover_v the_o impotence_n of_o this_o objection_n 3._o the_o gravitation_n upward_o by_o a_o circle_n of_o motion_n be_v utter_o unapt_a to_o salve_v the_o resilition_n for_o that_o circulation_n can_v be_v but_o a_o slow_a gentle_a motion_n and_o can_v possible_o have_v so_o rapid_a a_o motion_n by_o the_o imaginary_a straightness_n of_o the_o channel_n as_o we_o may_v suppose_v in_o the_o straits_n in_o the_o sea_n upon_o which_o the_o ocean_n press_v but_o this_o neither_o can_v nor_o need_n receive_v a_o great_a portion_n of_o subtle_a air_n to_o relieve_v it_o than_o possible_o 2_o inch_n in_o height_n and_o the_o 8_o the_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n where_o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v no_o great_a as_o to_o the_o second_o namely_o the_o repugnancy_n which_o be_v assign_v 1._o in_o that_o i_o deny_v a_o vacuum_n which_o he_o say_v can_v be_v by_o another_o way_n prevent_v but_o by_o the_o transition_n of_o the_o subtle_a particle_n of_o air_n through_o the_o glass_n but_o such_o a_o course_n of_o argumentation_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o kin_n to_o that_o which_o be_v call_v petitio_fw-la principii_fw-la he_o know_v i_o assign_v another_o cause_n though_o he_o dispute_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o then_o he_o proceed_v to_o the_o leisurely_o incline_v of_o the_o tube_n which_o i_o confess_v be_v often_o repeat_v but_o i_o think_v need_v not_o be_v more_o